Tesis sobre el tema "Commons"
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BAMPATZIMOPOULOU, PANAGIOTA. "Feminist Commons. : Decoloniality, Intersectionality and the Commons". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Filosofiska fakulteten, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-172536.
Texto completoMalm, Sara. "Conflictual Commons". Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-194133.
Texto completoTsiavos, Prodromos. "Cultivating creative commons : from creative regulation to regulatory commons". Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2007. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/264/.
Texto completoCuevas, Jesus Erubiel Ordaz. "Writings on Commons, Common-Pool Resources, Public Goods, and Cooperation". Doctoral thesis, Università di Siena, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11365/1180903.
Texto completoScott, Alister James. "Issues in common land management : a case study of the Dartmoor Commons". Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319734.
Texto completoStevuliakova, Terezia. "Commons Across Slovak Countryside". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Arkitekthögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-138794.
Texto completoBradley, Fiona. "Enabling the information commons". Australian Library and Information Association, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/106186.
Texto completoGiannopoulou, Alexandra. "Les licences 'creative commons'". Thesis, Paris 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA020054.
Texto completoThe widespread use of the Creative Commons licenses for the sharing of non-software works demonstrates the imperative to devote a study to the licenses in question. The goal of the study is to assess the current links of the licenses to the legal regime of intellectual property in order to suggest prospective ones. The study underlines the singularity of Creative Commons as a copyright management system, which consists of a series of licenses and is guided by an association promoting the sharing of works and by an ideology based on the autonomy of the authors. The premise of the thesis is founded on the variety of freedoms granted by the licenses. The licenses transform into a series of standardized tools that are gradually imposed as a standard for the sharing of works while relying on the rules of copyright. At the same time, the analysis of the consequences of the implementation of each license demonstrates the asymmetries created between the agents involved in the sharing process. In particular, our study shows that although the distinction between commercial and non commercial introduced by the licenses acts as a conciliation tool between the proprietary regime and that of the creative sharing, the introduction of an ambiguous concept - that of non-commercial use - influences the fate of licenses and complicates the evolutionary process of shared works. One way to resolve this tension proposed by our thesis is to review prospective mechanisms that would achieve a level of coordination between the licenses and copyright based on the founding principle of Creative Commons, which is the rebalancing of the interests involved in copyright
Thornton, Neil P. "The taming of London's commons /". Title page, contents and summary only, 1988. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09pht514.pdf.
Texto completoMeyer, Camille. "Social Finance and the Commons". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/249622.
Texto completoDoctorat en Sciences économiques et de gestion
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Banelis, Paulius. "Creative Commons licencijų teisiniai aspektai". Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2008. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20080206_110435-73217.
Texto completoIn eight decade of twentieth century the appearance and development of digital technologies moved a great part of human life into cyberspace. However copyright laws were in conflict with factual situation and started to interfere with the dispersion and accessibility of information in internet. In 2001, aiming to help authors and users to deal with those problems and to develop reasonable and flexible copyright protection, Creative Commons organization was created. In 2002 this organization introduced to the public agreements, known as CC licenses, granting author’s economic rights to the user. These digital agreements enables author or holder of his rights, to grant other party perpetual, worldwide, royalty-free right to use authors economic rights to literature, science or art works. Though using unported version of CC licenses, which was prepared according to USA copyright law, may raise the question of secure copyright of unported licenses in Lithuania. Search for the answer to the above question and analysis of the relation between CC licenses and classical copyright law is provided. In the first part of this paper objectives, main features and concept of CC licenses are indicated. In the second part considerable attention is given to indicate possible problems while using CC licenses in Lithuania. The usage and internationalization of CC licenses are also developed in the second part of the paper. Finally, conclusion is made that unported CC licenses, even not... [to full text]
Mancini, Francesca. "Managing the wildlife tourism commons". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2019. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=240416.
Texto completoSerres, Coline. "Social Ventures and the Commons". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/325761.
Texto completoDoctorat en Sciences économiques et de gestion
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Zhang, Yan. "Governing the commons in China". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.709466.
Texto completoMason, Nicholas Craig. "Forging a New Global Commons Introducing common property into the global genetic resource debate". Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Political Science and Communication, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/904.
Texto completoBeagle, Donald. "The Learning Commons in Historical Context". 名古屋大学附属図書館研究開発室, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/14578.
Texto completoGhelfi, Andrea. "Worlding politics : justice, commons and technoscience". Thesis, University of Leicester, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/37833.
Texto completoWang, Mimi Cheng-Yin. "The global commons : tragedy or apocalypse? /". Title page, abstract and contents only, 1997. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09arw2461.pdf.
Texto completoBrennen, Andrea (Andrea Lynn). "Arctci-tecture for the global commons". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/47840.
Texto completoIncludes bibliographical references (p. 141-145).
Environmental agendas in architecture have enjoyed an increased attention recently, as a result of the emerging 'sustainable' design ethos. This framework of sustainability initiates a rethinking of the scale of an architectural site - a building must be understood as situated not only in a specific territory, but also in relation to a much larger and more abstract global environmental system. With this new systemic understanding of a "site," comes the opportunity for a different mode of architecture -- one in which the architect has a hand in designing not only the architectural object, but also tactics for and potential effects of its implementation. Operating in the spirit of Stewart Brand's Whole Earth Catalog -- a 1970s counterculture bible for "whole systems" thinking -- this thesis examines Antarctica as a testing ground for an expanded mode of architecture. Antarctica, with its extreme environment, scientific value, and legal status as a Global Commons, is a site that cannot be understood in any way other than through its relationship to a larger global environmental system. This reality, when combined with the continent's mystique, creates an unparalleled opportunity for architectural innovation.
by Andrea Brennen.
M.Arch.
Pinto, Evelyn Cristina. "\"Repensando os commons na comunicação científica\"". Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/45/45134/tde-07052007-092617/.
Texto completoRecent studies done by Benkler, Lessig, Boyle, Hess and Ostrom look at the concept of commons again however, this time in relation to information in general more specifically to scientific information. In this study, we focused on the cooperative character of scientific research, the importance of transparency and neutrality to access the scientific commons. The concept of commons is highly useful to focus on every scientific article that has already been published in print or digitally. This allows studies through several multidisciplines and finally emphasizes the dynamic of scientific communities around the world. In each commons of information, the higher the distribution of knowledge, the more dynamic and efficient the process of the evolution of this information. Technology of the press has been key in the divulging of information and its expansion marked a revolution in knowledge and culture in our civilization. Digital technology has shown more efficiency. Its implementation into bits is closer to the non-rival nature of the ideas than other technologies used to preserve it and used to distribute information. In our work, we realized that the science of commons should be enriched through cooperative practices and open access to scientific results. We also realized that digital technology in scientific commons improves distribution of scholarly knowledge and the dynamic evolution of scientific ideas so the science development should be even more efficient and faster. The digital revolution has been used to create a free environment of circulation of ideas and it has also been used to control certain things. On one side, computational code has been implemented to allow access just for people who pay for the service. On the other hand, online journals publishing and other alternative forms of disseminating scientific knowledge have been proliferated. The decreasing budget of libraries, the increasing cost of journal subscriptions and the increasing restrictions applied by intellectual property has enclosed the free nature of scientific ideas and it has put Scholarly Communication into a crisis. We are in the middle of a transitional phase, where legal, technological, social and economic aspects of scientific publishing have being renegotiated. We inserted our analyses in a larger context, the Scholarly Communication paradigm. This supports a larger study about the complex questions of our subject, analyzing the technological, legal, social and economic aspects of a possible transition to the open access publishing model. This new publishing model is so interesting that some initiatives have started social movements pertaining to it. Nowadays, there are many tests and publishing models especially in this line of work. We focused on the open access model in scientific results, its advantages, the difficulties of its establishment and how it has been developed. Finally, we propose that the creation of an open access digital libraries ecosystem specialized in every scientific field. Our staring models are services such as: arXiv, CiteSeer and Google Scholar. Among our conclusions, we have realized that following this models stated above, digital libraries can enhance the dynamic of circulation, generation, transformation and renovation of the scientific knowledge.
dell’Angel, Jampel. "Abusing the commons? An integrated institutional analysis of common-pool resource governance in conflict situations". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/129471.
Texto completoBird, Karen. "Feminizing the Commons? : the significance of sex and gender in the British House of Commons, 1997-2001". Thesis, University of Essex, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.425845.
Texto completoIordachescu, Irina. "Who runs the radio commons? : the role of strategic associations in governing transnational common pool resources". Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2015. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3076/.
Texto completoNussbaum, Gabrielle. "Answers to the tragedy of the commons /". Norton, MA : Wheaton College, 2008. http://dspace.nitle.org/handle/10090/6485.
Texto completoHauser, Oliver Paul. "Challenging Cooperation: Inequality, Global Commons, Future Generations". Thesis, Harvard University, 2016. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33493433.
Texto completoBiology, Organismic and Evolutionary
Edwards, Laura. "Authority Control and Digital Commons: Why Bother?" Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/dcseug/2018/schedule/2.
Texto completoCampbell-Hawkins, Marjorie Yvonne. "Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) and Help-Seeking: The Experiences of African American Male Survivors". ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7129.
Texto completoDaniela, Nordgren. "Cooperating over the Commons in the Climate-Migration-Conflict Nexus". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-355486.
Texto completoWong, Boris Fernando. "Common Pool Resources Management: Are Common Property Rights a good alternative to external regimes?" Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37061.
Texto completoMaster of Public and International Affairs
Luintel, Harisharan. "Do Forest Commons Contribute to International Environmental Initiatives? A Socio-Ecological Analysis of Nepalese Forest Commons in view of REDD+". PDXScholar, 2016. http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3087.
Texto completoSnagovsky, Feodor. "Party Switching in the Canadian House of Commons". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32510.
Texto completoSharad, Chakravarthy Namindi. "Public Commons for Geospatial Data: A Conceptual Model". Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2003. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/SharadCN2003.pdf.
Texto completoMcCurry, David B. "Provenance Tracking in a Commons of Geographic Data". Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2007. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/McCurryDB2007.pdf.
Texto completoPaczkowski, Piotr. "Fika Commons: Hybrid community centres for Västerbotten's peripheries". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Arkitekthögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-108600.
Texto completoDe, Vries Christoper (Christoper Hendrick John). "Europe's liquid commons : towards a public territorial infrastructure". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/65544.
Texto completoCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 150-157).
'his thesis examines the possibility of using intermodal logistics infrastructure on the Rhine-Danube waterway, as part of the Trans European Infrastructure Network, as a means to create a symbolic and operative commons between the East and West of Europe. A historical perspective on the physical transformations of Rhine is used to illustrate the seminal role they played in the formation of transnational diplomacy and economic collaborations in the West of Europe.'The waterway because of its liquid characteristics is proposed as an operative transnational political conduit where societal ideals and geographic particularities are negotiated through infrastructural transformations of the riparian landscape. A retrospective into the history of architectural infrastructure proposes a reappraisal of the "layer-method" to integrate earthwork (cut and fill landscaping), infrastructure and urban form as means to give a symbolic form to the territory. An exemplary project is proposed in Novisad, Serbia where a public sphere surrounding a variety of hydrologic programs exposes certain symbiotic and conflictual uses of water.'The panoptical urban condition that is designed is meant to reveal and actuate a more transparent and public political struggle between the individual and collective through an irreducibly common commodity, namely water.
by Christoper de Vries.
S.M.
Chang, M. "Growing a commons food regime : theory and practice". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2013. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1396231/.
Texto completoKamocki, Pawel. "E-Universités : la construction d'un droit des communs du savoir". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB190.
Texto completoAn e-University is a university that uses information and communications technology (ICT) to fulfil its traditional tasks: production, preservation and dissemination of knowledge. Its activities consist of the collection and analysis of research data, the dissemination of scientific literature and the provision of digital educational resources. However, the intangible goods required for these activities are often protected by literary and artistic property rights, such as copyright and the sui generis database right. Therefore, e-Universities are obliged to seek the permission of rights-holders or to rely on statutory exceptions. Statutory exceptions for research and teaching do exist (cf. art. L. 122-5, 3°, e) of the Code de la propriété intellectuelle (CPI) and s. 52a and 53 of the Urheberrechtsgesetz (UrhG)). They are, however, clearly insufficient to allow e-Universities to fulfil their tasks. Consequently, national legislators have recently adopted new exceptions specifically addressing the use of ICT in research and teaching (art. L. 122-5, 10° and art. L. 342-3, 5° of the CPI and the future art. 60a-60h UrhG). The European Commission has also proposed to reform EU law accordingly (art. 3 and 4 of the Proposal for a Digital Single Market Directive). In this context, it is desirable to discuss the introduction of an open (fair-use-type) norm in EU law. Despite the legal uncertainty that surrounds the question, e-Universities have not ceased to fulfil their tasks. On the contrary, efforts have been undertaken by the academic community to organise access and re-use of resources by means of private ordering. The concept of Open Science, inspired by traditional values of the ethos of science, have emerged to promote access to research data (Open Research Data), scientific literature (Open Access) and educational resources (Open Educational Resources). According to this approach, knowledge is perceived as a commons, the sustainability of which is guaranteed by standards accepted by the academic community. These standards are codified in public licenses, such as Creative Commons. In recent years not only universities, but also research funding agencies and even national legislators have actively engaged in the promotion of knowledge commons. This engagement is expressed through various Open Access mandates and the introduction of a new secondary publication right, first in German law (s. 38(4) UrhG), and more recently also in French law (art. L. 533-4, I of the Code de la recherche)
Eine E-Universität ist eine Universität, die Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologie (IKT) einsetzt, um ihre traditionellen Aufgaben zu erfüllen: Die Erzeugung, die Erhaltung und die Verbreitung von Wissen. Ihre Tätigkeiten umfassen die Sammlung und die Analyse von Forschungsdaten, die Verbreitung wissenschaftlicher Literatur und die Bereitstellung digitaler Bildungsressourcen. Allerdings unterliegen die dazu erforderlichen immateriellen Güter oftmals dem Schutz des geistigen Eigentums, beispielsweise dem Urheberrecht und dem sui-generis-Recht für Datenbanken. Deswegen sind E-Universitäten auf die Erlaubnis von Rechteinhabern oder gesetzliche Schrankenregelungen angewiesen. Es existieren bereits gesetzliche Schrankenregelungen für Forschung und Lehre (z.B. art. L. 122-5, 3°, e) Code de la propriété intellectuelle (CPI) und §§ 52a, 53 Urheberrechtsgesetz (UrhG)). Allerdings sind sie unzureichend, um E-Universitäten ihre Aufgabenerfüllung zu ermöglichen. Deswegen entschieden die nationalen Gesetzgeber, neue Schrankenregelungen speziell für die Nutzung von IKT im Bereich der Forschung und Lehre einzuführen (art. L. 122-5, 10° und art. L. 342-3, 5° CPI und §§ 60a-60h UrhG). Auch die EU-Kommission schlug eine entsprechende Änderung des Unionsrechts vor (Art. 3 und 4 des Vorschlags für eine Richtlinie über das Urheberrecht im digitalen Binnenmarkt). In diesem Zusammenhang erscheint es erstrebenswert, die Einführung einer open Regelung nach dem fair-use-Prinzip in das europäische Recht zu diskutieren. Trotz der Rechtsunsicherheit in dieser Frage haben E-Universitäten niemals aufgehört, ihre Aufgaben zu erfüllen. Vielmehr hat die akademische Gemeinschaft enorme Anstrengungen unternommen, durch eigene Dispositionen den Zugang und die Nachnutzung von Ressourcen zu ermöglichen. Inspiriert durch die traditionellen Werte des Ethos der Wissenschaft, wurde das Open Science Konzept geschaffen, um den Zugang zu Forschungsdaten (Open Research Data), wissenschaftlicher Literatur (Open Access) und Bildungsressourcen (Open Educational Resources) zu fördern. Danach ist Wissen eine Allmende, seine Nachnutzbarkeit wird durch Standards, die von der akademischen Gemeinschaft akzeptiert werden, garantiert. Diese Standards sind in öffentlichen (public) Lizenzen, wie beispielsweise Creative Commons, kodifiziert. In den letzten Jahren haben sich nicht allein Universitäten, sonst auch Agenturen für Forschungsförderung und sogar nationale Gesetzgeber aktiv in der Förderung des öffentlichen Wissensschatzes engagiert. Dieses Engagement wurde deutlich im Rahmen vieler Open-Access-Mandaten und der Einführung eines neuen Zweitveröffentlichungsrecht, das zunächst Eingang in das deutsche (§ 38 Abs. 4 UrhG) und kürzlich auch in das französische Recht (art. L. 533-4, I Code de la recherche) fand
Stacho, Marek. "Licenční smlouvy na internetu pro díla k bezúplatnému použití". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-10344.
Texto completoWang, Yu y 王雨. "The embeddedness of governing the commons : a game theoretic perspective on cooperation, coordination and trust in water sharing interactions". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/198832.
Texto completopublished_or_final_version
Geography
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
SAITO, Fumihiko. "Local Council Commons Management in Uganda : A Theoretical Reassessment". Graduate School of International Development, Nagoya University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/8641.
Texto completoKattemalavadi, Chinmayi. "(An) Unsettled Commons| Narrative and Trauma after 9/11". Thesis, Wayne State University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10261366.
Texto completoThis dissertation examines fictional responses to the events of September 11, 2001. It argues for the importance of one kind of fictional response, one which focuses on representing the feeling of "unsettledness" that can be one effect of trauma, with the aim of making that unsettledness itself a locus of a shared common experience. I posit that in articulating the events of 9/11 in the context of, in relation to, and as one in a series of traumas, violences, and histories, these narratives make the unsettlements shareable. Focusing on four works of fiction that were published after 9/11—Joseph O’Neill’s Netherland, Junot Díaz’s The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao (Oscar Wao), Teju Cole’s Open City, and Jennifer Egan’s A Visit From the Goon Squad (Goon Squad)—I explore representations of the effects of and the attempts to cope with traumatic experiences including 9/11 itself.
Misharina, Anna. "Nonfigurative Urban Commons : anticipations of / interventions within public spaces". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Arkitekthögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-73526.
Texto completoKäkelä, Nikolas y Erik Lindblom. "Öppen innovation och immaterialrätt ur ett anti-commons perspektiv". Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-24826.
Texto completoBreyer, Merle. "Owning by doing : In Search of the Urban Commons". Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-149736.
Texto completoI städer skiljer vi generellt mellan offentligt och privat utrymme. Denna avhandlingförsöker att nyansera den enkla distinktionen mellan offentlig och privat mark ochgår på jakt efter de urbana allmänningar (urban commons) vilkas ägande bestämsav kollektivism och som skapar spatiell rättvisa (spatial justice). En fallstudieanalyserar Urban Garden-projektet «Trädgård på Spåret» i Stockholm och visarhur okonventionella arrangemang har gett upphov till en livlig plats, som går långtutöver trädgårdens traditionella gränser. I den avslutande diskussionen tolkar vibegreppet urbana allmänningar och betraktar dess placering i planeringsämnet.
In Städten unterscheiden wir generell zwischen öffentlichem und privatem Raum.Diese Thesis versucht die simple Unterscheidung zwischen öffentlichem undprivatem Grundeigentum aufzubrechen und begibt sich auf die Suche nach der‚urbanen Allmende’ (urban commons) in der Eigentum durch Kollektivismus bestimmtwird und somit räumliche Gerechtigkeit (spatial justice) schafft. Eine Fallstudieanalysiert das urbane Gartenprojekt „Trädgård på spåret“ in Stockholm und zeigtauf wie durch unkonventionelle Regelungen ein lebhafter Ort entstanden ist, dersich in die Stadt verwurzelt hat und weit über die Grenzen des Gärtners hinausgeht.In der abschließenden Diskussion wird der Begriff der urbanen Allmendeinterpretiert und dessen Einordnung in die Planungsdisziplin betrachtet.
Urban Form and Social Behavior
John, Shirley Diane. "The analysis of House of Commons' division list data". Thesis, University of Bath, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235796.
Texto completoMacbeth, Samuel. "Multi-agent based simulation of self-governing knowledge commons". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/25751.
Texto completoTelhan, Orkan. "The living commons : a spatial theory for biological design". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/84365.
Texto completoCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 181-189).
Biological design is as ancient as human civilization. For thousands of years, living systems and natural processes have been manipulated by humans and their biological outcomes have been customized for different purposes. While the idea of biological design has always been prevalent throughout history, especially with the discovery of DNA, the ability to manipulate the form, function, and behavior of the living has significantly advanced. Today synthetic biology is pushing the frontiers of biological design even further. Now, living things can be completely abstracted from their original biological contexts, assembled like molecular constructs, and engineered like circuits or programmed like computational hardware. biological designers compose biological form and function by running modeling and simulation software; order standardized biological parts from online libraries and databases; utilize fabrication companies to synthesize gene products to prototype their designs; and build complex artifacts, applications and services that meet human wants, needs, fears, and desires on a daily basis. In this dissertation, I examine different practices of biological design in life sciences and engineering based on different theoretical models. I trace the history of information-based, relational, synthesis-oriented methods and present a new design framework that offers a spatial and a context-driven approach to the design of living matter. Being rooted in a different interpretation of space and spatiality in design, the framework approaches biological design systematically, at three stages: 1) the design of the basic units of the living (Units), 2) how different units are arranged and composed for different functionalities and behavior (Logic), and 3) the design of the biological contexts where biological artifacts live and perform their objectives (Context). This new framework intends to bring together a multitude of approaches from different design fields such as engineering, architecture and product Design that have their unique histories with living matter. The goal here is to demonstrate the ways different design paradigms can potentially shape our relationship with biological design in new ways; altering the design process, the objectives, the outcomes, and the social, cultural, and ethical perception of synthetic living.
by Orkan Telhan.
Ph.D.in Design and Computation
Bharadwaj, Ragu. "Business models for information commons in the pharmaceutical industry". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/47865.
Texto completoIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 57-59).
The pharmaceutical industry needs new modes of innovation. The industry's innovation system - based on massive investments in R&D protected by intellectual property rights - has worked well for many years, providing incentives for pharmaceutical firms to invest in developing drugs across a wide variety of major medical needs. However, this traditional drug development process is subject to decreasing productivity and increasing costs. In addition, it encourages pharmaceutical firms to focus on "blockbuster" drugs, and to neglect meeting needs in small potential markets such as "orphan" diseases and diseases primarily found in third world countries. This thesis focuses on new modes of innovation, specifically the sharing of safety information prior to clinical trials. To inform this analysis, I first discuss the data that informs why the industry is in need of new modes of innovation. I then proceed to outline the potential promise of some new modes of pharmaceutical development that are emerging. I then explore a specific novel innovation mode in more detail: the sharing of non-competitive safety information prior to clinical trials, leading to significant reductions in both costs and chances of failure in drug discovery and development. I propose that this new innovation mode offers the potential of significant benefit to both drug developers and medical patients.
by Ragu Bharadwaj.
S.M.
Shackelford, Scott. "Governing the global commons in international law and relations". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610271.
Texto completoFouché, Jacques Abraham. "Crafting the commons : modern approaches to music as product". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20036.
Texto completo