Bibliografías temáticas / Coloration impaire

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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Coloration impaire"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 25 de mayo de 2024

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Coloration impaire"

Webster, Richard J., Christopher Hassall, Chris M. Herdman, Jean-Guy J. Godin y Thomas N. Sherratt. "Disruptive camouflage impairs object recognition". Biology Letters 9, n.º 6 (23 de diciembre de 2013): 20130501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2013.0501.

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Whether hiding from predators, or avoiding battlefield casualties, camouflage is widely employed to prevent detection. Disruptive coloration is a seemingly well-known camouflage mechanism proposed to function by breaking up an object's salient features (for example their characteristic outline), rendering objects more difficult to recognize. However, while a wide range of animals are thought to evade detection using disruptive patterns, there is no direct experimental evidence that disruptive coloration impairs recognition. Using humans searching for computer-generated moth targets, we demonstrate that the number of edge-intersecting patches on a target reduces the likelihood of it being detected, even at the expense of reduced background matching. Crucially, eye-tracking data show that targets with more edge-intersecting patches were looked at for longer periods prior to attack, and passed-over more frequently during search tasks. We therefore show directly that edge patches enhance survivorship by impairing recognition, confirming that disruptive coloration is a distinct camouflage strategy, not simply an artefact of background matching.

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Marshall, Kate L. A., Kate E. Philpot y Martin Stevens. "Conspicuous male coloration impairs survival against avian predators in Aegean wall lizards, Podarcis erhardii". Ecology and Evolution 5, n.º 18 (septiembre de 2015): 4115–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1650.

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Adakole, John Ameh y J. B. Balogun. "Acute ecotoxicity of aqueous and ethanolic extract of leaves of <i>Khaya senegalensis</i> on chironomid larvae". Brazilian Journal of Aquatic Science and Technology 15, n.º 2 (19 de diciembre de 2011): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.14210/bjast.v15n2.p41-45.

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Protection of aquatic habitat requires an understanding of both the sensitivity of invertebrates to contaminants and their ecological requirements. Phyto-chemical screening of the leaves of extract of Khaya senegalensis revealed the presence of active constituents. Acute ecotoxicities of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of leaves of Khaya senegalensis to Chironomid larvae were evaluated by static bioassay. Bioactivity of the ethanolic extract was found to be greater than the aqueous extract. The LC50 of aqueous and ethanolic extracts were 1.39g/l and 1.20g/l respectively. Stressful behaviors exhibited by the chironomids include deformity of mouthparts, certain body segments being filled with black particles and change in body coloration. All behaviors were dose-dependent. The larvae were not repelled by the extract, indicating that antifeedant activity was not a mortality factor. Mortality was probably due to the disappearance of the reddish coloration of the hemoglobin component and consequently impaired metabolism of the larvae. The results were discussed and compared with those of other studies.

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Kermicle, Jerry L. y Mary Alleman. "Gametic imprinting in maize in relation to the angiosperm life cycle". Development 108, Supplement (1 de abril de 1990): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.108.supplement.9.

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Differences in the activity of maternally and paternally derived genomes in maize endosperm have been observed at three levels of genetic manipulation. When the balance of entire chromosome sets departs from the standard ratio of two of maternal origin to one of paternal origin, development is impaired, often leading to seed failure. At the level of individual chromosomes, absence of a paternal representative for 8 of the 19 chromosome arms tested causes a marked reduction in kernel size. Replacement of the missing arms by ones of maternal origin does not complement this defect. At the gene level, some alleles of R confer solid coloration on the aleurone layer when transmitted maternally but patchy coloration (mottled) when transmitted via pollen. In contrast with the endosperm, no effect of parentage on R phenotype has been detected in embryonic and seedling tissues. Furthermore, gynogenetic and androgenetic haploid plants are viable in maize and are similar in appearance. The detection of parental effects in the endosperm, but not the embryo, points to the few cell divisions of the gametophytes as a critical stage in imprinting. Chromosomally based epigenetic variation originating at this stage would be reflected as imprinting effects. A separate fertilization establishes a line of genetic descent in the embryo that appears to be relatively free of imprinted genes.

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Mullakaev, Orazali, Minsagit Lutfullin, Evgeny Kirillov, Elena Zaikina y Gulnar Nizamova. "Effect of the drug “Degelm-14” on spontaneously infected chickens with eimeriosis". BIO Web of Conferences 52 (2022): 00042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20225200042.

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The studies show that when using the preparation "Degelm-14" after infection of birds, the histological structure in most of the studied organs was gradually restored. In the glandular stomach and small intestine on the 22nd day after application of the studied preparation the microstructure of the organ recovered completely. Microstructural changes in the cloacal pouch and spleen after application of Degelm-14 indicated restoration of the proliferative activity of the cells of the germinal centers. In the liver, at the final stage of the study, there were no signs of metabolic disorders in hepatocytes, and the dark pink coloration of their cytoplasm indicated an increase in synthetic processes in the cells of the organ parenchyma. But in the kidneys there were still observed signs of impaired glomerular filtration, regulating the function of the organ.

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Arellano-Aguilar, Omar y Constantino Macías Garcia. "Exposure to pesticides impairs the expression of fish ornaments reducing the availability of attractive males". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 275, n.º 1640 (18 de marzo de 2008): 1343–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2008.0163.

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Ornament magnitude often reflects a local balance between sexual selection and other sources of natural selection opposing their elaboration. Human activity may disrupt this balance if it modifies the costs of producing, maintaining or displaying the ornaments. When costs are increased, a shortage of acceptable partners may ensue, with consequences commensurate with how stringent (and effective) the process of mate choice is. Here, we show that the expression of ornaments in the viviparous amarillo fish ( Girardinichthys multiradiatus ) is influenced by embryonic exposure to low concentrations of an organophosphorus insecticide. Male ornamental fin size, dimorphic yellow coloration and display rates were all compromised in exposed fish, but unaffected in their paternal half-sibling controls and in their sisters (morphology and colour). Exposure resulted in smaller fish of both sexes, thus the differential effect by sex was restricted to attributes such as fin size only above the naturally selected magnitude shown by females. Father phenotype predicted offspring morphology of controls, but not of exposed males, which were discriminated against by both control and exposed females. Since stringent female mate choice can result in females refusing to mate with suboptimal mates, this sub-lethal developmental effect can reduce the effective population size of amarillo fish populations.

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Si, Si, Xiao Xu, Yan Zhuang, Xiaodong Gao, Honghai Zhang, Zhengting Zou y Shu-Jin Luo. "The genetics and evolution of eye color in domestic pigeons (Columba livia)". PLOS Genetics 17, n.º 8 (30 de agosto de 2021): e1009770. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1009770.

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The eye color of birds, generally referring to the color of the iris, results from both pigmentation and structural coloration. Avian iris colors exhibit striking interspecific and intraspecific variations that correspond to unique evolutionary and ecological histories. Here, we identified the genetic basis of pearl (white) iris color in domestic pigeons (Columba livia) to explore the largely unknown genetic mechanism underlying the evolution of avian iris coloration. Using a genome-wide association study (GWAS) approach in 92 pigeons, we mapped the pearl iris trait to a 9 kb region containing the facilitative glucose transporter gene SLC2A11B. A nonsense mutation (W49X) leading to a premature stop codon in SLC2A11B was identified as the causal variant. Transcriptome analysis suggested that SLC2A11B loss of function may downregulate the xanthophore-differentiation gene CSF1R and the key pteridine biosynthesis gene GCH1, thus resulting in the pearl iris phenotype. Coalescence and phylogenetic analyses indicated that the mutation originated approximately 5,400 years ago, coinciding with the onset of pigeon domestication, while positive selection was likely associated with artificial breeding. Within Aves, potentially impaired SLC2A11B was found in six species from six distinct lineages, four of which associated with their signature brown or blue eyes and lack of pteridine. Analysis of vertebrate SLC2A11B orthologs revealed relaxed selection in the avian clade, consistent with the scenario that during and after avian divergence from the reptilian ancestor, the SLC2A11B-involved development of dermal chromatophores likely degenerated in the presence of feather coverage. Our findings provide new insight into the mechanism of avian iris color variations and the evolution of pigmentation in vertebrates.

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Oliveira, Sueyde F. de, Denis S. da Costa, Simone da C. Mello, Ana Dionisia da LC Novembre y Francisco G. Gomes-Junior. "Germination of parsley seeds influenced by mericarps color and internal morphology". Horticultura Brasileira 31, n.º 2 (junio de 2013): 231–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-05362013000200009.

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The objective of the present study was to establish a relationship between mericarps color and internal morphology of parsley with the germination, using sorting by coloration and the X-ray test. The completely randomized design was used, with four replications per treatment. The treatments were constituted of four lots (A, B, C and D) and three mericarps colors (green, yellow and black) in 4×3 factorial experiment. The mericarps were exposed to X-ray test (60s; 20kV), being used the digital equipment Faxitron X-ray, model MX-20 DC12 and then, the irradiated mericarps were submitted to the germination test. The yellow mericarps showed higher germination and speed germination index. The green mericarps showed deformations and impaired formation of embryo, while black and yellow mericarps showed up without deformation and with a well-formed embryo. We concluded that there is a relationship between parsley seed germination and mericarps color. Poorly formed embryos and misshapened seed coats are related to green mericarps.

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Leiva-Ampuero, Andrés, Mario Agurto, José Tomás Matus, Gustavo Hoppe, Camila Huidobro, Claudio Inostroza-Blancheteau, Marjorie Reyes-Díaz, Claudia Stange, Paulo Canessa y Andrea Vega. "Salinity impairs photosynthetic capacity and enhances carotenoid-related gene expression and biosynthesis in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Micro-Tom)". PeerJ 8 (17 de septiembre de 2020): e9742. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9742.

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Carotenoids are essential components of the photosynthetic antenna and reaction center complexes, being also responsible for antioxidant defense, coloration, and many other functions in multiple plant tissues. In tomato, salinity negatively affects the development of vegetative organs and productivity, but according to previous studies it might also increase fruit color and taste, improving its quality, which is a current agricultural challenge. The fruit quality parameters that are increased by salinity are cultivar-specific and include carotenoid, sugar, and organic acid contents. However, the relationship between vegetative and reproductive organs and response to salinity is still poorly understood. Considering this, Solanum lycopersicum cv. Micro-Tom plants were grown in the absence of salt supplementation as well as with increasing concentrations of NaCl for 14 weeks, evaluating plant performance from vegetative to reproductive stages. In response to salinity, plants showed a significant reduction in net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, PSII quantum yield, and electron transport rate, in addition to an increase in non-photochemical quenching. In line with these responses the number of tomato clusters decreased, and smaller fruits with higher soluble solids content were obtained. Mature-green fruits also displayed a salt-dependent higher induction in the expression of PSY1, PDS, ZDS, and LYCB, key genes of the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway, in correlation with increased lycopene, lutein, β-carotene, and violaxanthin levels. These results suggest a key relationship between photosynthetic plant response and yield, involving impaired photosynthetic capacity, increased carotenoid-related gene expression, and carotenoid biosynthesis.

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Rowe, Melissah, Gábor Árpád Czirják, Kevin J. McGraw y Mathieu Giraudeau. "Sexual ornamentation reflects antibacterial activity of ejaculates in mallards". Biology Letters 7, n.º 5 (13 de abril de 2011): 740–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2011.0276.

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Bacteria present in ejaculates can impair sperm function and reduce male reproductive success. Thus, selection should favour the evolution of antimicrobial defences to limit the detrimental effects of sperm-associated bacteria. Additionally, current hypotheses suggest that ornamental traits may signal information about the infection status of an individual or the ability of an individual to resist bacterial-induced sperm damage. However, despite the evolutionary implications of ejaculate antimicrobials, and the putative importance of pathogens for the evolution of male ornamentation, tests of these hypotheses are lacking. We examined the antibacterial activity of semen from mallard ducks ( Anas platyrhynchos ) and tested whether the bactericidal capacity of semen was associated with bill coloration, a sexually selected trait. We show that mallard semen exhibits significant antibacterial activity, as measured by the in vitro capacity to kill Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus . Furthermore, we demonstrate that males with more colourful bills have semen with superior bacterial-killing ability. These results suggest that females could use male phenotypic traits to avoid sexually transmitted pathogens and acquire partners whose sperm suffer less bacteria-induced damage.

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Tesis sobre el tema "Coloration impaire"

Ouyang, Qiancheng. "Some colouring problems in edge/vertex-coloured graphs : Structural and extremal studies". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPASG060.

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La coloration de graphes est l'un des sujets les plus connus, populaires et largement étudiés dans le domaine de la théorie des graphes, avec une vaste littérature comprenant des approches provenant de nombreux domaines ainsi que de nombreux problèmes qui sont encore ouverts et étudiés par divers mathématiciens et informaticiens à travers le monde. Le Problème des Quatre Couleurs, à l'origine de l'étude de la coloration des graphes, a été l'un des problèmes centraux en théorie des graphes au siècle dernier. Il demande s'il est possible de colorer proprement chaque graphe planaire avec quatre couleurs. Malgré son origine théorique, la coloration des graphes a trouvé de nombreuses applications pratiques telles que la planification, les problèmes d'assignation de fréquences, la segmentation, etc. Le Problème des Quatre Couleurs est l'un des problèmes importants parmi de nombreux problèmes de la théorie des graphes chromatiques, à partir duquel de nombreuses variantes et généralisations ont été proposées. Tout d'abord, dans cette thèse, nous visons à optimiser la stratégie de coloration des sommets de graphes et d'hypergraphes avec certaines contraintes données, en combinant le concept de coloration propre et d'élément représentatif de certains sous-ensembles de sommets. D'autre part, en fonction du sujet à colorer, une grande quantité de recherches et de problèmes de graphes à arêtes colorées ont émergé, avec des applications importantes en biologie et en technologies web. Nous fournissons quelques résultats analogues pour certaines questions de connectivité, afin de décrire des graphes dont les arêtes sont attribuées suffisamment de couleurs, garantissant ainsi des arbres couvrants ou des cycles ayant une structure chromatique spécifique
Graph colouring is one of the best known, popular and extensively researched subject in the field of graph theory, having a wide literature with approaches from many domains and a lot of problems, which are still open and studied by various mathematicians and computer scientists along the world. The Four Colour Problem, originating the study of graph colouring, was one of the central problem in graph theory in the last century, which asks if it is possible to colour every planar graph properly by four colours. Despite the theoretical origin, the graph colouring has found many applications in practice like scheduling, frequency assignment problems, segmentation, etc. The Four Colour Problem is a significant one among many problems in chromatic graph theory, from which many variants and generalizations have been proposed. Firstly, in this thesis, we aim to optimize the strategy to colour the vertex of graphs and hypergraphs with some given constraints, which combines the concept of proper colouring and representative element of some vertex subsets. On the other hand, according to the subject to be coloured, a large amount of research and problems of edge-coloured graphs have emerged, which have important applications to biology and web technologies. We provide some analogous results for some connectivity issues—to describe graphs whose edges are assigned enough colours, that guarantee spanning trees or cycles of a specific chromatic structure

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Marcus, Karina. "Multiflots, métriques et graphes h-parfaits : les cycles impairs dans l'optimisation combinatoire". Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005002.

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Ce travail se situe dans le domaine de l'optimisation combinatoire. Nous étudions plus particulièrement des caractérisations d'objets pour lesquels des problèmes, qui dans le cas général sont NP-complets, deviennent polynomiaux. Nous traitons d'abord le problème de la faisabilité d'un multiflot, qui possède des applications trés importantes en recherche opérationnelle. C'est à dire, étant donnée la spécification du problème, avec le réseau, les capacités et les demandes, on veut démontrer l'existence ou la non-existence d'une solution. Une façon d'aborder ce problème est de donner des conditions nécessaires et suffisantes pour l'existence d'un multiflot, comme celle connue par condition de coupe. Nous présentons la condition (CC, K_5, F_7), qui généralise la condition de coupe et "raffine" une autre condition existante, la (CC3). La structure du problème de multiflot nous permet aussi de regarder un problème étroitement associé, celui du "packing" de métriques. Nous traitons le cas des packing entiers et demi-entiers, quand la famille de métriques comprend les métriques CC3 et les métriques K_5 et F_7. Nous caractérisons la classe de graphes, et plus généralement de matroïdes, ou l'on peut trouver des packings entiers et demi-entiers, sous quelques hypothèses additionnelles. Puis nous nous intéressons aux propriétés générales des graphes h- et t-parfaits, et au problème de coloration associé. Les résultats que nous présentons donnent des bornes pour leur nombres chromatiques, et des classes qui satisfont une conjecture de Shepherd. Enfin nous présentons la hiérarchie des graphes étudiés, qui est obtenu grâce à des outils comme les graphes faiblement bipartis, les clutters binaires et les matrices à composantes 0,1. Nous clôturons ce mémoire en précisant quelques directions de recherche qui pourront donner suite à ce travail, aussi bien sur le sujet de la faisabilité des problèmes de multiflot, que sur la coloration des graphes h- et t-parfaits.

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Libros sobre el tema "Coloration impaire"

Nerdmediait. Colorato Mondo Di Animali - Italiano-Olandese - Libro Da Colorare. Imparare il Olandese per Bambini. Colorare e Imparare in Modo Creativo. Independently Published, 2018.

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nerdMediaIT. Colorato Mondo Di Animali - Italiano-Norvegese - Libro Da Colorare. Imparare il Inglese per Bambini. Colorare e Imparare in Modo Creativo. Independently Published, 2018.

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Nerdmediait. Colorato Mondo Di Animali - Italiano-Polacco - Libro Da Colorare. Imparare il Polacco per Bambini. Colorare e Imparare in Modo Creativo. Independently Published, 2018.

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Nerdmediait. Colorato Mondo Di Animali - Italiano-Inglese - Libro Da Colorare. Imparare il Inglese per Bambini. Colorare e Imparare in Modo Creativo. Independently Published, 2018.

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Nerdmediait. Colorato Mondo Di Animali - Italiano-Croato - Libro Da Colorare. Imparare il Croato per Bambini. Colorare e Imparare in Modo Creativo. Independently Published, 2018.

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Nerdmediait. Colorato Mondo Di Animali - Italiano-Turco - Libro Da Colorare. Imparare il Turco per Bambini. Colorare e Imparare in Modo Creativo. Independently Published, 2018.

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Nerdmediait. Colorato Mondo Di Animali - Italiano-Spagnolo - Libro Da Colorare. Imparare il Spagnolo per Bambini. Colorare e Imparare in Modo Creativo. Independently Published, 2018.

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Nerdmediait. Colorato Mondo Di Animali - Italiano-Danese - Libro Da Colorare. Imparare il Danese per Bambini. Colorare e Imparare in Modo Creativo. Independently Published, 2018.

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nerdMediaIT. Colorato Mondo Di Animali - Italiano-Tedesco - Libro Da Colorare. Imparare il Tedesco per Bambini. Colorare e Imparare in Modo Creativo. Independently Published, 2018.

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Nerdmediait. Colorato Mondo Di Animali - Italiano-Finlandese - Libro Da Colorare. Imparare il Finlandese per Bambini. Colorare e Imparare in Modo Creativo. Independently Published, 2018.

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Coloration impaire"

Pargai, Deepti. "Application of Smart and Functional Dyes in Textiles". En Dyes and Pigments - Novel Applications and Waste Treatment. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96045.

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Our future will be based on functional and AI based smart products, where every industry wants to develop these kinds of products. Textile industry also cannot remain untouched with this technological innovation. Dyes have been utilising for coloration of textiles since ancient time. But at present with various advancement in technology as well as requirements of consumers, the need for functional and smart dyes arises. Various current researches are based on application of smart and functional dyes on textile to develop smart and functional textiles. The dyes which add the functional and smart properties to the textiles can be called as functional and smart dyes. Functional and smart dyes are available in both synthetic and natural form. But with the environment concern, the researchers are going on to find out natural source of these dyes. Functional dyes such as UV protective dye, antimicrobial dye, moth repellent dye offer specific function after application on textiles. Smart dyes like photochromic, thermochromic, electrochromic and solvatochromic etc. are playing very imp role to develop a smart textile which can offer reversible colour change which leads to impart various properties such as thermoregulation, camophlage properties into the textiles. Functional dyes generally limited to the textiles sector but smart dyes are not just restricted to it. Application of smart dyes is extended to various fields such as automobiles, robotics, aircrafts, medicine and surgery etc. This chapter will mainly deal with the types, application methods and application area of functional and smart dyes especially in connection with textiles.

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