Tesis sobre el tema "Colonies françaises – Afrique occidentale – 19e siècle"
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Toumait, Mohamed. "Le colonisateur français à la rencontre de l'Islam en Afrique de l'Ouest et au Maroc". Perpignan, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PERP0403.
Texto completoOur study rests on the reasons sociocultural ideo-policies and which encouraged the french colonizers (Faidherbe, Gallieni and Lyautey) to give islam and western moslems african and morrocans of the representations which did not develop them with the eyes of the others
Flory, Céline. "La liberté forcée : politiques impériales et expériences de travail dans l'Atlantique au XIXème siècle". Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0135.
Texto completoAfter April 27th 1848, when slavery in the French colonies was permanently abolished, colonial administrators add planters attempted to reorganize colonial labor by introducing foreign contract workers. The Ministry of the Navy and colonies, responding to their requests, established a state-funded system to import indentured laborers. Thus, between 1854 and 1862, more than 21,000 men, women and children were recruited along the coast of West Africa to go to work ID French Guiana and French West Indies. This migration consisted of two distinct flows. First, between 1854 and 1856, recruitment was done among free African populations, and second, between 1857 and 1862, where recruitment was carried out in populations with captive status with a method called repurchase. By this method, French private merchants purchased captives, in order to "free" them by imposing on them a ten-year contract of indenture to be implemented on the other side of the Atlantic. 93% of these immigrants were thus recruited and indentured. This study examines the legal and ideological discourses held by the colonial actors to legitimize these forms of immigrations and focuses on the practices in place to recruit, transport and put to work the indentured workforce. It also treats the experiences of migration and work of African immigrants, who, for the vast majority of them, settled in their place of arrival
Huillery, Elise. "Histoire coloniale : développement et inégalités dans l'ancienne Afrique occidentale française". Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0111.
Texto completoThis PhD dissertation uses first-hand historical data on colonial French West Africa. First, I focus on the costs and benefits of colonial experience for France and its former colonies. I review the existing literature and show that evidence on whether colonialism was a costly or beneficiary experience for France is not clear yet. Then I provide an answer on the direct cost of French West Africa for French public expenses: this cost turns out to be very small -on average 0. 1 % of all public expenses. Few public investments were made during colonial times and almost all of them were financed by local population itself. Using econometrics, the thesis then seeks to provide evidence on the long term impact of colonial experience on current performances. I show that early colonial public investments m education, health and public works had large and persistent effects on current outcomes, and that a major channel for the long term effect of early investments is a strong persistence of investments: regions that got more of a specific type of investment at the early colonial times continued to get more of this particular type of investment. Finally, I give evidence that Europeans tended to settle in more prosperous pre-colonial areas and that the European settlement had a strong positive impact on current outcomes. I argue that the African hostility towards colonial power to colonisation provides a random variation in European settlement. Despite, the absence of a "reversal of fortune" within former French West Africa, some of the most prosperous pre-colonial areas lost their advantage because of their hostility: other areas caught up and became the new leaders in the region
Fall, Papis. "Les déportés de la Sénégambie et du Soudan : entre résistances et répressions dans un espace colonial de 1840 à 1946". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUL074.
Texto completoThe problem of deportation or deportees from West Africa during the colonial era is not sufficiently addressed by French- and even English-speaking African historiography, which has focused more on wars, resistances and their different forms. In doing so, a reality of a part of colonial history remains more or less unknown. That is why we would like to study the following theme, which has been and remains of burning topicality: "The deportees of Senegambia and Sudan: between resistance and repression in a colonial space from 1840 to 1946". The actors in this story of the deportees are emblematic figures and/or simple anonymous, who wanted to defend the land of their ancestors, direct the destinies of their peoples, fight for the maintenance of African values and traditions. The history of "these soldiers of refusal" – namely religious leaders, fighters in the service of Islam and ancestral values or beliefs and political leaders to which are added the mentally insane, social bandits and delinquents, men of the press, supporters and/or followers of leaders and even Senegalese riflemen – deserves to be examined. This thesis is part of the questions of a colonial history attentive to the issues of repression and the maintenance of order. Faced with the manifest refusal of the leaders of troops or creators of emotions to resign themselves to the colonial diktat, the response given by the colonial authorities was, among other things, to deport/imprison them, to house arrest, to prohibit them from staying, to cut them off all forms of communication, any contact with their entourage and thus put them out of harm's way. In many cases, it was a form of imprisonment, which leads us to the study of the prison environment that reveals the forms of avoidance, the living conditions of the deportees, the architecture related to security issues, etc. The application of this technique of repression, part of the logic of security policies, was a way of slowing down the momentum of the leaders and annihilating all colonial resistance. The study we wish to conduct aims above all to identify the decisive place of deportation in the system of colonial repression, in the maintenance of security order, political control, control of people and spaces, for the exploitation of colonies. The chronological framework that this work attempts to illuminate goes from 1840 to 1946, a pivotal period in colonial history in West Africa, particularly in Senegambia and Sudan, in that it is marked by rapid transformations at all levels (political, economic, social and cultural). Was deportation so fundamental, so necessary for the realization of the colonial project, the maintenance of security order? To what extent did the deportees constitute a real obstacle, an obstacle to the establishment and imposition of colonial power? What was the role of law enforcement actors in the deportation process? This thesis explores major themes such as the contexts of deportation, the abuse of power by colonial administrators, indigénat and indigenous justice, the motivations of deportation, the multiple responses of indigenous people, their arrest and deportation, the place of agents/actors (army, gendarmerie and colonial police) in maintaining, restoring and/or protecting stability and the politico-economic consequences of such a "technique of power"
Daget, Serge. "Les croisières françaises de répression de la traite des noirs sur les côtes occidentales de l'Afrique (1818-1850)". Paris 4, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA040303.
Texto completoThe effect which the french cruisers had on the suppression of the african slave trade cannot be understood unless one first takes into account the forces to be curbed. Although slave trading was made illegal in France in 1818, french and west indian slavers did not hesitate to continue their trading without arousing any strong official reaction, even though repressive measures had been taken on the west african coast. Social, cultural, political and diplomatic conditions, as well as economic ones, explain the continued existence of an enterprise that had already lasted more than a century. Consequently, the question is to know how the repressive agents are going to operate on the african coast, and, if their results are not obvious, why not ? French cruisers, at first ineffectual, comply more and more with their duties: they capture national slavers that are judged and condemned. After a long policy of patience and denunciations, England in 1831 secures what she has been claiming in vain: an official co-operation of the royal navy with the french one in order to fight against the slavers. It is then a third french abolition law results in the ending of the national slave trade. We are therefore confronted with the paradox that a theoretically efficient system has no object to justify. An idyllic situation is brought about by an untraceable slave trade. Powers whose interests are less humanitarian than political create a serious crisis in France seeking to suppress the agreement signed in 1831-1833. Although successful, a new covenant with a nation that has always been resented as a machiavellian rival gives rise to a splendid french cruise: it lasts but one year as it is useless, and unable to act against the numerous brazilian or spanish slave traders. Thus, on the whole, french repression has been a failure. All the reasons for this failure have not been military ones. The weight of established mentalities, of economic needs, not nearly as urgent as implied, the weakness of humanitarian doctrines incapable of renovation, are among the deeper causes of this failure. Altogether a negative, repetitive story without any outstanding events. The knowledge of man in africa is imperceptible
Deville-Danthu, Bernadette. "Education physique, sport, colonisation et décolonisation dans les anciens territoires français d'Afrique occidentale : 1920-1965". Aix-Marseille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX10019.
Texto completoChillali, Anissa. "Aspects du romantisme berbère : étude du discours politique sur les Kabyles, 1830-1914". Lille 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LIL30005.
Texto completoMorando, Laurent. "Les instituts coloniaux et l'Afrique : 1893-1940 : ambitions nationales, réussites locales". Aix-Marseille 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX10062.
Texto completoGrondin, Reine-Claude. "La colonie en province : diffusion et réception du fait colonial en Corrèze et en Haute-Vienne (c. 1830-c. 1939)". Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010645.
Texto completoLakhssassi, Mohamed. "Des rapports franco-marocains pendant la conquête et l'occupation de l'Algérie (1830-1851)". Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010707.
Texto completoTriaud, Jean-Louis. "Les relations entre la France et la Sanûsiyya (1840-1930) : histoire d'une mythologie coloniale, découverte d'une confrérie saharienne". Paris 7, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA070031.
Texto completoThis study draws from three different spheres : islamic history, african history, and colonial history. At the center is the muslim brotherhood which appeared in mecca about 1837 and which bears the name Sanûsiyya, after its founder Muhammad Al-Sanusi, an algerian born near Mostaganem in 1787. The brotherhood, at first, was a missionary organization which preached islam to the most impoverished nomads and created zawiya-s (lodges) in inhospitable lands. After 1900, the movement organized a determined resistance against the colonial powers, France and Italy in particular. By a careful use of arabic sources and attention to the internal coherence, changing strategies and different social functions, the author seeks to explain this veritable "multinational" islamic society in which indigenous people of the Maghreb, the Hijaz, and some Sudanic countries, worked side by side. No other brotherhood was ever the object of such intense and enduring hostility from the french administration and popularizers. The fear of Sanûsiyya, the denunciation and finally the open struggle against this brotherhood have created a special chapter of colonial history. The author has looked for the reasons behind such a treatment. Finally, the sanusiyya, although launched in mecca, belongs to african history. In the period of the greatest expansion, it involved all of the central and eastern Sahara, from the Nile to the Ajjer, from southern Tunisia to lake Chad. The author has consistently featured the subsaharan
Iffono, Aly Gilbert. "Histoire des Kissia de la République de Guinée : de la conquête coloniale à la fin de la seconde guerre mondiale". Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0138.
Texto completoThe thesis presents the Kissi traditional society for a period of 50 years as it was conquered, dominated and exploited by France, Brita in and Liberia. It tried to show the impact of this trio colonization on the development of the society, to show in the final analysis, the ruptures inflicted and the heritage that was preserved. The question to answer is whether colonization was the unique cause of current conditions of undeveloped African society generally and the Kissi society particularly. To answer this question, the thesis presents 3 tendencies: One holds firmly culpable the colonization and systematically denies any benefit derived from it to the concerned societies. The second, while incriminating Africans, pays homage to the "goodness of colonization in Africa". The third estimates that responsibility lies at the door of Africans as much as the colonial factor. Faced with this contradiction and strong divergent perceptions, the research concludes that though colonization carries a heavier responsibility, Africans can not be totally exonerated. One only has to remember the internal contradictions which facilitated the conquest and the domination of the continent in the first place, or the complicity of some African chiefs who contributed largely to the colonial implantation and exploitation of their own territories. However, despite colonial conquest and the different forms of societal ruptures it brought here and there, the Kissi people were able to save their main culture as well as their leadership or governing system inherited from the pre-colonial era. In the end, the research concluded that the Kissi people are very conscientious of their existence as a socially, politically, and culturally well organized people in their environment and within defined boundaries known to all. The Kissi people are also conscientious of their history, culture and civilization they have every intention to defend and transmit through generations
Messaoudi, Alain. "Savants, conseillers, médiateurs : les arabisants et la France coloniale (vers 1830-vers 1930)". Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010529.
Texto completoProfizi, Vanina. "De l'île à l'Empire : colonisation et construction de l'identité nationale : les Corses, la nation et l'empire colonial français XIXe-XXe siècles". Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0031.
Texto completoCorsica is by a high level of emigration throughout its history. Numerous agents and officials of French colonisation originate from the island. This contributed to get the Corsican involved into French identity, despite their late, brutal and incomplete integration to the metropolis. Decolonization induced major economic, political and social changes, and contributed to a reappraisal of Corsica's belonging to France since the 1960ies. After being enthusiastic supporters of the French colonial project, Corsicans are presented as being put under a political, economic and cultural tutelage similar to the colonial process. The colonial nature of Corsica's relationship with France is thus to be questioned. This work describes colonial migration: its organisation, its apprehension and its social consequences in Corsica as well as in the Empire: It also evaluates the impact of decolonization on this system by studying the remaining presence of Corsicans in former French colonies, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa, and by considering the responsibility of imperial dismantlement in the phenomenon of political and social instability characterising Corsica since the 1960's
Weiland, Isabelle. "La Tunisie aux expositions universelles de 1851 à 1900". Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0005.
Texto completoWorking on Tunisia at the world fairs of the XIXth century enables us to combine a reflection on fairs as an indicator of a trend towards globalization with an investigation on the change of relationships between the east and the west. Choosing North Africa enables us to analyze the near east, familiar to Europeans in the mid XIXth century, but still containing grey areas giving rise to fantasy and manufactoring stereotypes. This study helps to understand tunisian fairs as diplomacy taking place against a backdrop of reforms and financial crisis. What are the cultural and technical transfers, performed or displayed by the regency of Tunis, on the occasion of the fairs ? Who are the intermediaries, official and unofficial diplomats who organize fairs in Tunisia before 1881 ? The analysis of Tunisia under colonial rule can then show us to what extent the loss of the political sovereignty of the regency has an impact on its international representation within the world fairs. France wanted to show Tunisia as a colonial model - that of the protectorate - and as an original oriental contry, wich remains exotic and colonial fairs