Literatura académica sobre el tema "Collective transport system"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Collective transport system"
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Wieczorek, Iwona. "MODERN SOLUTIONS FOR URBAN PUBLIC COLLECTIVE TRANSPORT IN POLAND". DIEM Dubrovnik International Economic Meeting 8, n.º 1 (agosto de 2023): 134–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17818/diem/2023/1.14.
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The implementation of intelligent transport system solutions in cities provides passengers with better comfort and safety, moreover it considers the adaptation of vehicles to the needs of people with disabilities, the distribution of tickets as well as the broader infrastructure. The progressive digitization of transport services creates the opportunity to take use of the time spent traveling. Planning a smart city offering effective solutions in the field of urban mobility is one of the main problems of urban areas. The development of electromobility should contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and increasing the share of alternative fuels in public transport. Through a system of incentives for residents to cycle and walk, local governments create their mobility. The aim of the study is to present current solutions in public transport used in Polish cities. The empirical material based on the survey allows for a comprehensive look at the development of urban public transport.
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Dierl, Marcel, Mario Einax, Petr Chvosta, Wolfgang Dieterich y Philipp Maass. "Collective particle transport in a peristaltic ratchet system". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 490 (11 de marzo de 2014): 012184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/490/1/012184.
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Lee, W., D. R. Smith, E. Mazzucato, H. K. Park, C. W. Domier y N. C. Luhmann. "Collective scattering system for transport study on NSTX". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 227 (1 de mayo de 2010): 012004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/227/1/012004.
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Golini, Ruggero, Cindy Guerlain, Alexandra Lagorio y Roberto Pinto. "AN ASSESSMENT FRAMEWORK TO SUPPORT COLLECTIVE DECISION MAKING ON URBAN FREIGHT TRANSPORT". Transport 33, n.º 4 (5 de diciembre de 2018): 890–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2018.6591.
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This paper proposes a framework that supports the collection and classification of information about the features of a city relevant to Urban Freight Transport (UFT). The information is organized in a framework of 28 different layers that are then stored in a Geographic Information System (GIS) tool to enable efficient data retrieval and effective information graphical display. The resulting GIS tool thus represents a decision support system for UFT problems, providing decision makers and stakeholders with a wide range of easy to understand information aimed to support the identification and preliminary evaluation of UFT solutions. Moreover, by providing a standardized set of features and sources of information, the framework enables the comparison of different cities. To illustrate the benefits, prototypical real-scale tests based on the framework have been realized in two mid-sized European cities: Bergamo (North of Italy) and Luxembourg. For both cities, data were mainly collected from publicly available sources and organized according to the framework. The data and information collected have been used in collaboration with the stakeholders in order to identify the priorities of intervention and evaluate alternative UFT solutions. The real-scale applications confirmed the usability and effectiveness of the framework in engaging stakeholders and support the process of envisioning shared UFT solutions.
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Agureev, I. E. y A. V. Akhromeshin. "APPROACHES TO FORMALIZING THE CONCEPT OF TRANSPORT BEHAVIOR OF THE POPULATION OF URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS". Intelligence. Innovations. Investment, n.º 2 (2021): 60–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.25198/2077-7175-2021-2-60.
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The article deals with the field of knowledge about the transport behavior of passengers in complex transport systems of megacities, large cities and their agglomerations, in which there is a great variety of transport systems. These systems form hierarchies, where each level is described by mathematical models of homogeneous transport systems and serves as a decision-making area for implementing collective transport behavior. A review of the works of foreign and domestic authors dealing with the definition of the concept of “transport behavior”, its semantic content, a new approach to the definition of transport behavior is presented. The functional description of the “transport system of individual behavior” is presented as a collective result of the decisions made on trips that occur at certain time intervals in the transport system of the agglomeration. The mathematical description of the transport system based on the theory of macrosystems is given as a multicomponent heterogeneous open system, in which there are many decisions about the trip and the corresponding set of transport processes that ensure the achievement of the efficiency criterion.
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Mohd Isamil, Maria. "A Framework of Collective Transport Planning: Case Study of Local Districts in Kelantan, Malaysia". Malaysian Journal of Qualitative Research 08, n.º 02 (30 de noviembre de 2022): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.61211/mjqr080208.
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The main aim of most transport systems is to improve people’s accessibility to basic goods, services, and facilities. An efficient transportation system not only enhances people’s quality of life, it can also help to facilitate industrial economic activities and to sustain stable economic growth. Thus, it is ultimately important for transport planning to be properly planned and implemented. Improving rural access to transportation is essential as it can improve the social well-being of the rural community. An accessible rural transport system can be achieved with an efficient planning and implementation process. The study adopts a qualitative approach by conducting semi-structured interviews to illustrate the transport planning systems in the selected local districts in Kelantan, Malaysia. The target population of the study is the policymakers at the federal, state, and local levels who are directly involved in planning and implementing the transport plan. A total of 17 respondents were interviewed among them were 13 policymakers (federal, state and local); 2 local transport operators and 2 transport experts. From the study, it has been found that the fragmentation of the organizational structures between federal, state, and local governments throughout the planning and implementation process is mainly due to poor coordination among government agencies that are highly influenced by political factors. This situation has adversely affected the three government levels’ relationship and caused friction between them. Therefore, a robust collective transport planning framework is significant in formulating and implementing a sound and sustainable transport policy in Malaysia.
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Maeda, Atsutaka. "Novel Class of Collective Charge Transport in Intrinsically Inhomogeneous Electron System". JPSJ News and Comments 1 (16 de octubre de 2004): 03. http://dx.doi.org/10.7566/jpsjnc.1.03.
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Zheng, Zhigang, Jian Gao y Gang Hu. "Collective Directional Transport of Coupled Oscillators in Symmetric Periodic Potentials". International Journal of Modern Physics B 17, n.º 22n24 (30 de septiembre de 2003): 4415–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979203022544.
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Collective directional transport of particles in symmetric periodic potentials is studied. An example is given to reveal the directed motion of a single particle in a symmetric periodic potential and subject to an asymmetric ac force with zero mean. It is then shown that the asymmetric coupling can give rise to a directed transport. The transport failure (pinning of the lattice) is related to the phase delocalization (crisis) in the circle map. For symmetric couplings, it is found that a train of plane wave can also lead to a directed transport. The mode-locking steps of the transport velocity is found and analyzed. The collective transport can be well optimized by adjusting parameters in the system.
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Leighton, Matthew P. y David A. Sivak. "Performance scaling and trade-offs for collective motor-driven transport". New Journal of Physics 24, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2022): 013009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ac3db7.
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Abstract Motor-driven intracellular transport of organelles, vesicles, and other molecular cargo is a highly collective process. An individual cargo is often pulled by a team of transport motors, with numbers ranging from only a few to several hundred. We explore the behavior of these systems using a stochastic model for transport of molecular cargo by an arbitrary number N of motors obeying linear Langevin dynamics, finding analytic solutions for the N-dependence of the velocity, precision of forward progress, energy flows between different system components, and efficiency. In two opposing regimes, we show that these properties obey simple scaling laws with N. Finally, we explore trade-offs between performance metrics as N is varied, providing insight into how different numbers of motors might be well-matched to distinct contexts where different performance metrics are prioritized.
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Lin, Gui-Wu, Yu-Yiu Lam, Dong-Qin Zheng y Wei-Rong Zhong. "Relativistic collective diffusion in one-dimensional systems". International Journal of Modern Physics B 32, n.º 12 (3 de mayo de 2018): 1850144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979218501448.
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The relativistic collective diffusion in one-dimensional molecular system is investigated through nonequilibrium molecular dynamics with Monte Carlo methods. We have proposed the relationship among the speed, the temperature, the density distribution and the collective diffusion coefficient of particles in a relativistic moving system. It is found that the relativistic speed of the system has no effect on the temperature, but the collective diffusion coefficient decreases to zero as the velocity of the system approaches to the speed of light. The collective diffusion coefficient is modified as [Formula: see text] for satisfying the relativistic circumstances. The present results may contribute to the understanding of the behavior of the particles transport diffusion in a high speed system, as well as enlighten the study of biological metabolism at relativistic high speed situation.
Tesis sobre el tema "Collective transport system"
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Caetano, Daniel Jorge. "Um sistema informatizado de apoio a usuários de transporte coletivo". Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3138/tde-21032006-135820/.
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O principal objetivo deste trabalho foi o desenvolvimento de um sistema informatizado para o auxílio na escolha modal pelos usuários de transporte público. Neste sistema, as alternativas a considerar e soluções geradas devem se basear nas solicitações do usuário e poderão ser usadas para o planejamento tático e/ou estratégico do sistema de transporte considerado. O sistema foi modelado para solução através do algoritmo de fluxo em rede Label Correcting, capaz de lidar com esse problema multimodal, implementado em uma linguagem de programação orientada a objetos. O sistema foi concebido como uma aplicação de internet e, embora seja voltado para um sistema de transporte genérico, foi aplicado e testado com base nas alternativas de transporte disponíveis e malha de ruas da Cidade Universitária Armando de Salles Oliveira.The main target of this master of science research is the development of a tool to help on modal selection by the public transportation users, which will be implemented as an eletronic information system.Since the infomation must be provided in real time to the user,it is important to the system to be fast and easy to use.It is also a requirement that the system presents options and information to help the user on the selection of the best choice among all possible ones. The alternatives to be considered and generated solutions shall be based on the user requests related to origin and destination of the desired trip. The requests will be stored and could be used for tactic and/or strategic planning of the concerned system of transport. This multimodal problem will be modeled to be solved with the Label Correcting network flow algorithm and implemented using an object oriented language. Although addressed to a generic transport system,it will be implemented and tested based on the available transport alternatives and street mesh of the Cidade Universitaria Armando de Salles Oliveira. The system may be available to users through internet.
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Tomášová, Kateřina. "Zpětný odběr elektrozařízení". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-75299.
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The thesis describes and assess the functioning of the take-back of electrical equipment in Czech Republic. The take-back system is evaluated from a general perspective, it is also used my experience in employment and in society ELEKTROWIN and materials provided to me by the collective system. The theoretical part focuses on the legislative framework of take-back concept, on description of ELEKTROWIN and on financing the system. This part also deals with the main sphere of collective bargaining systems, which are gathering, manipulation, transport and information and educational activities. The application part is focused on the quantity of take-bake of electrical equipment through collective and ELEKTROWIN from the year 2005 to present in a particular years. It also work evaluates observance the requirements from EU directives. The educational activity is evaluated on the basis of a questionnaire as information campaigns to raise public awareness.
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Das, Pragna. "Adaptive multi-robot control through on-line parameter identification at system level". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/650337.
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Las instalaciones industriales y de almacenamiento están pobladas por equipos de vehículos guiados automáticos (AGVs por sus siglas en inglés), que se encargan de la logística interna. Las soluciones implementadas, del estado del arte para los procesos de toma de decisiones en la planificación y el control de este tipo de sistemas de robots múltiples (MRSs por sus siglas en inglés) no abarcan el análisis en tiempo real de los comportamientos de los robots y el medio ambiente. Las condiciones de las partes de los robots móviles (MRs por sus siglas en inglés), el estado de carga de las baterías y las condiciones del piso cambian y tienen una gran influencia en los comportamientos. Este trabajo propone un modelo de comportamiento parametrizado que toma en cuenta estos factores y calcula con precisión los costos de transporte a lo largo del tiempo. Al usarlo, el cálculo de los tiempos de recorrido de las rutas proporciona resultados más cercanos a la realidad que con otros métodos basados en longitudes ponderadas, lo que ayuda a tomar mejores decisiones para el control y la administración del sistema.
En este trabajo, hemos considerado un modelo de planta que se asemeja al de una fábrica, con varios bloques (unidades de almacenamiento, maquinaria, etcétera) que definen las carreteras y los cruces por los que se mueven los MRs. En este modelo, un grafo, con nodos como puertos (para cargar, descargar, verificar la carga, etcétera), uniones o bifurcaciones, y bordes como las conexiones entre ellos, representa la red de tráfico. Los robots llevan a cabo la tarea de recorrer los bordes para transportar materiales. El tiempo de recorrido de los bordes por MRs se propone como uno de los parámetros de costo. Se ha diseñado un modelo dependiente del estado bilineal para la predicción en tiempo real de los tiempos de recorrido. Los tiempos de viaje se estiman en línea usando este modelo a través de un Filtrado de Kalman. Las trayectorias se calculan constantemente por 100 veces y el promedio de los costos totales de ruta de dichas rutas se compara con el de las rutas obtenidas por los costos heurísticos. Los experimentos muestran que el promedio de los costos totales de rutas para las rutas obtenidas a través de los tiempos de viaje estimados en línea son un 15% menores que los de las rutas obtenidas por los costos heurísticos.
Sin embargo, una buena estimación de los tiempos de viaje requiere datos históricos, obtenidos en instancias cercanas. No obstante, hay situaciones en las que los tiempos de viaje, para uno o más bordes durante toda la duración de la operación, no están disponibles para un robot individual. La propensión de esta ocurrencia radica en el hecho de que un borde puede no haber sido recorrido ni siquiera una vez por el robot, o el tiempo de viaje para ese borde se ha registrado en el pasado no reciente. Entonces, es imperativo que ese robot reúna los tiempos de viaje necesarios, de otros robots en el sistema como una observación de referencia. Pero, estas observaciones son de otros robots en diferentes condiciones de batería que el robot en cuestión. Aún así, el modelo puede predecir el tiempo de viaje del robot utilizando la observación de otros robots y su propio cambio o exploración en los tiempos de viaje hasta la instancia actual. El quid de este proceso es predecir los tiempos de viaje actuales en el robot utilizando el tiempo de viaje de otros para el mismo borde. El mecanismo de intercambio de información entre un robot y otros en el sistema se ha diseñado en forma de un conocimiento común basado en la ontología. Esta estructura de ontología es idéntica en cada robot y contiene los tiempos de viaje de los bordes con contextos adjuntos a cada dato sobre las posturas, los nodos que ese borde particular conecta y otras informaciones. Esta ontología ayuda a buscar y compartir información formando una base de conocimiento colectiva. Esto ayuda mucho al MR a estimar los tiempos de recorrido con mayor precisión. Esto afecta la planificación de rutas para encontrar rutas con un menor costo de ruta total. El promedio del costo total de 100 rutas generadas a través de los tiempos de recorrido obtenidos con el uso de información compartida es un 40% menor que el de las rutas generadas a través de los tiempos de recorrido sin compartir información.Teams of automatic guided vehicles (AGVs) populate industrial and warehousing facilities and take care of the internal logistics. State-of-the-art, implemented solutions for decision-taking processes in planning and control of such kind of multi-robot systems (MRSs) do not encompass real-time analysis of behaviors of robots and environment. Conditions of parts of the mobile robots (MRs), state of charge of batteries and floor conditions change and have strong influence on behaviors. This work proposes a parameterized behavioral model which takes these factors into account and accurately estimates transportation costs over time. By using it, computation of path travel times gives results closer to reality than by other methods based on weighted lengths, thus helping to take better decisions for system control and management. In this work, we have considered a plant model that resembles that of a factory, with several blocks (storage units, machinery and so on) that define the roads and crossings where MRs move. In this model, a graph, with nodes being ports (for loading, unloading, load checking, et cetera) or junctions and bifurcation and edges being the connections among them, represents the traffic network. The robots carry out the task of traversing edges to carry materials. The travel time of edges by MRs is proposed as one such cost parameter. A bi-linear state dependent model has been devised for real-time prediction of travel times. The travel times are estimated online using this model through Kalman Filtering. The paths are computed constantly for 100 times and average of total path costs of these paths are compared with that of paths obtained by heuristics costs. The experiments show that average total path costs of paths obtained through on-line estimated travel times are 15% less that of paths obtained by heuristics costs. Nevertheless, a good estimation of travel times requires historical data, obtained at close instances, but there are situations when travel times for one or more edges for the entire duration of operation are not available to an individual robot. The proclivity of this occurrence lies in the fact that edge may not have been traveled even once by the robot, or travel time for that edge have been recorded not in recent past. Then, it is imperative for that robot to gather the necessary travel times from others in the system as a reference observation, but these observations are from other robots in different battery condition than itself. Still, the model can predict travel time for the robot using other robots’ observation and its own change or exploration in the travel times until the current instance. The crux of this process is to predict current travel times in the robot using others’ travel time for the same edge. The mechanism of information sharing between one robot to others in the system has been devised in a form of a common ontology-based knowledge. This ontology structure is identical in each robot which contains the travel times of edges with contexts attached to each data about the stances, the nodes of the edge connects and other information. This ontology helps to fetch and share information forming a collective knowledge base. This greatly helps the MR to estimate travel times more accurately. This affects route planning to find paths with lesser total path cost. The average of total cost of 100 paths generated through travel times obtained with sharing is 40% less than that of paths generated through travel times without sharing.
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Poublan-Attas, Valérie. "L'espace urbain déformé : Transports collectifs et cartes mentales". Phd thesis, Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ENPC9809.
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L’intérêt pour les transports collectifs ne cesse de croître avec la prise de conscience des problèmes engendrés par le « tout automobile ». Dans ce contexte, les transports en commun en site propre, et particulièrement les tramways, reconquièrent les villes. Toutes ces nouvelles orientations représentent des sommes d’argent considérables, c’est pourquoi les questions de conception et d’évaluation des projets de transport public sont cruciaux. Cette thèse développe une méthode qualitative d'aide à la conception et à l'évaluation des réseaux de transports collectifs et s'intéresse, plus spécifiquement aux lignes de tramway. La méthode constitue aussi un outil puissant de pondération des outils quantitatifs. Toute personne possède une représentation mentale de l'espace urbain qu'elle parcourt réellement ou virtuellement. Les réseaux de transport collectif influencent les cartes mentales de l'espace urbain. Ils contraignent la perception que les gens ont de la ville à travers leurs itinéraires mais aussi modifient les distances entre les points, créant un espace-temps spécifique. Cependant, les cartes mentales, tels des instruments de navigation, agissent par activations sélectives ou abandon de certaines branches du réseau. C'est pourquoi l'étude des représentations mentales, de leur capacité à intégrer des éléments nouveaux comme une nouvelle ligne de transport public est capitale. Cette recherche étudie les éléments constitutifs des cartes mentales puis la manière dont celles-ci évoluent avec la mise en service d’une nouvelle ligne de transport collectif. Elle s’intéresse aussi à la taille, à la localisation des territoires d’appartenance des individus et à leurs évolutions, question essentielle pour désenclaver les quartiers en difficulté. Les enseignements cernent les éléments du transport collectif qui déterminent fortement les représentations mentales. La topologie de celles-ci, les seuils de perception sont analysés en particulier et partiellement expliqués. Enfin, les cartes mentales peuvent se regrouper par types selon leur capacité à intégrer des éléments nouveaux. Chaque type correspond à un profil d'individu. Cette conclusion est capitale car elle permet, par l'utilisation de la méthode, d'évaluer dans quelle mesure les représentations mentales des individus, concernés par un projet de transport collectif, sont enclines à intégrer la future ligne ou non. Les résultats de cette recherche, ainsi que la méthode développée, sont autant d'enseignements précieux pour un aménageur ou, de manière générale, un décideur en matière d'urbanisme et de transportPassengers, both actual and potential, have a certain idea about the accessibility (in the geographical sense of the word meaning « possibility of access ») offered by an urban public transport network. The dependent factors are linked to the individual (status, usual method of transport, his urban experience, …) ; to the characteristics of the journey, real or virtual : his own perception of the transport offer as well as his perception of the area covered by the network. Planning generally takes the first two elements into account. The generalized costs of travel are calculated (journey time and value of time) or activity programmes are determined. The aim of this study is to examine those elements not normally taken into account but which affect what we label topological representation. Due to the « anisotropy » which a public transport network creates between different directions or more specifically the different routes within the space, it modifies the distance between points, thus creating a special time-space. It transforms the relative positions of places, or in other words the topology. In this way, the transport network plays on the feelings of nearness, distance and the idea of connection. It transforms both the limits of the territory an individual belongs to and th neighbouring areas. It can thus be seen mental maps as a form of analysis, that the network influences our representation of space. Mental maps play a supporting role to an individual’s transport strategy. Due to the effect of feedback, the maps have a direct or indirect influence on the structuration of even spatial networks by selective activation or decline of certain areas. The knowledge of the relationship between territorial structures and cognitive schematic description of actions using mental maps, can contribute towards enriching methods used in the planning and evaluating of transport networks
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Bottinelli, Arianna. "Modelling collective movement and transport network formation in living systems". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Tillämpad matematik och statistik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-303943.
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The emergence of collective patterns from repeated local interactions between individuals is a common feature to most living systems, spanning a variety of scales from cells to animals and humans. Subjects of this thesis are two aspects of emergent complexity in living systems: collective movement and transport network formation. For collective movement, this thesis studies the role of movement-mediated information transfer in fish decision-making. The second project on collective movement takes inspiration from granular media and soft mode analysis and develops a new approach to describe the emergence of collective phenomena from physical interactions in extremely dense crowds. As regards transport networks, this thesis proposes a model of network growth to extract simple, biologically plausible rules that reproduce topological properties of empirical ant trail networks. In the second project on transport networks, this thesis starts from the simple rule of “connecting each new node to the closest one”, that describes ants building behavior, to study how balancing local building costs and global maintenance costs influences the growth and topological properties of transport networks. These projects are addressed through a modeling approach and with the aim of identifying minimal sets of basic mechanisms that are most likely responsible of large-scale complex patterns. Mathematical models are always based on empirical observations and are, when possible, compared to experimental data.
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Bromley, II Michael William. "Pneumatic Particulate Collection System Analysis and Design". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33562.
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A pneumatic particulate collection system harnesses the energy associated with the release of a compressed gas to transport particulate to a collection chamber. In an effort to improve the efficiency of a previously designed collection system, high speed imaging in conjunction with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was utilized to highlight design deficiencies. Areas of recirculation within the collection device as well as impingement of the sampling surface were observed through the testing and CFD analysis. The basis of the improved collection system was conceived through research of pneumatic transport and the deficiencies found through testing and simulation. An improved rectangular-duct-styled system was designed in three main stages. A variety of filters used to contain the desired particulate were characterized through testing for use in simulations as well as fluids calculations. The improved system was then analyzed utilizing compressible and incompressible flow calculations and design iterations were conducted with CFD to determine the final parameters. The final design was simulated with a multiphase flow model to examine the particulate entrainment performance. The improved collection system efficiently expanded and developed the gas flow prior to the collection area to employ the particulate entrainment process. The final design was constructed with an additive manufacturing process and experimentally tested to validate the simulations and flow calculations. The testing proved that the final design operated purely on particulate entrainment and collected only the top layer of particles as simulated. The improved collection system eliminated all areas of flow recirculation and impingement of the particle bed to provide a more efficient sampling device.Master of Science
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Sun, Ting. "La place du transport semi-collectif dans les mutations des systèmes de mobilité urbaine en Chine : Le cas de Shanghai". Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC1189/document.
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Dans le contexte du développement rapide des villes chinoises, l’expansion de la ville et les nouvelles zones de développement entraînent de forte besoins de mobilité. Le transport public ne peut satisfaire toutes les demandes des déplacements des citadins. Ils organisent leurs propres services, les transports semi-collectifs, par une approche de bas en haut. Avec les avantages de l’adaptation locale, du service à la demande et de la flexibilité, ce type de transport devient un mode important pour leurs vies moderne. Pourtant, ce transport est en dehors du système du transport traditionnel. Le cadre juridique et institutionnel actuel n’est pas adapté à l’exploitation de ces transports spontanés. La réglementation gouvernementale sur ce type de transport montre aussi une difficulté en raison du manque d’un cadre convenable. De plus, le système du transport urbain durable demande une intégration des divers modes des transports. La relation entre le transport semi-collectif et les autres moyens du transport devient une question essentielle. De ce fait, nous proposons des approches de l’évolution du cadre juridique et institutionnel, de l’amélioration de l’organisation et l’exploitation ainsi que de l’intégration dans le système du transport urbain, afin de créer un environnement innovant pour l’avenir du transport semi-collectifIn the context of the rapid development of Chinese cities, the expansion of the city and the new areas of developments lead the strong mobility needs. Public transport cannot meet all the demands of movement of citizens. They organize their own services, paratransit, with an approach bottom-up. With the advantages of local adaptation, on-demand service and flexibility, this transport becomes important to their modern lives. However, this transport is out of the traditional transport system. The current legal and institutional framework is not suitable for the operation of this spontaneous transport. Government regulations on this type of transport also show difficult because of lack of suitable frames. In addition, the sustainable urban transport system requires integration of various modes of transport. The relationship between the paratransit and other transportation modes is another key issue. Therefore, we propose approaches to change legal and institutional framework, to improve organization and operation and integrate this mode in the system of urban transport, to create an innovative environment for future of paratransit
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Prendiville, Alison. "An investigation into the design and specification of revenue collection systems in urban mass transit". Thesis, University of East London, 2001. http://roar.uel.ac.uk/1226/.
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This thesis describes the nature of the specification and design of revenue collection systems from four urban mass transit systems: Manchester Metrolink, Sheffield Suptertram, Grenoble Tag Light Rail system and the Netherlands National Ticketing system. Previous research in this area has been generated from an industry perspective that has focused on new technologies and types of ticketing systems available. In addition fare collection is frequently discussed, and there is academic research available, in relation to pricing theory and policy. However, as yet there appears to be no theoretical or empirical research examining urban mass transit revenue collection systems and their specification. This research was initiated from a supplier of revenue collection systems expressing dissatisfaction in the design and specification selection procedure. In addition there was a need to conceptualise the important role that a revenue collection system plays in achieving a public transport operator's objectives. The aim of this study was to add to the theoretical base of this research area through the four case studies and to improve the design and selection of revenue collection systems in `real life' situations. Due to the nature of the research area being `real world' and revenue collection systems being bespoke, theoretical propositions were created from the literature review in order to guide the research and test the hypothesis. Through the theoretical proposition the role of the revenue collection system in a service marketing context is also established. This thesis is presented in seven chapters. Chapter 1 provides an introduction and background information to the research area. In Chapter 2 the research methodology is discussed together with the nature of the research. In Chapter 3 the literature review and the generation of the theoretical propositions and hypothesis are presented. In Chapter 4 the case studies describe the nature of the revenue collection systems and their specifications. In chapter 5 the case study analysis is undertaken based upon the theoretical propositions. Chapter 6 presents the overall conclusions and tests the hypothesis; it also presents recommendations for improving revenue collection system specification. Finally Chapter 7 discusses the research and its strengths and weaknesses and suggests areas for further research.
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Führ, Gustavo. "Pedestrian tracking and collective behavior recognition". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/157971.
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A análise de comportamento coletivo e rastreamento de pedestres apresentam diversas aplicações, especialmente em sistemas de vigilância inteligente. Neste trabalho é proposta uma solução compreensiva com objetivo de atingir rastreamento de pedestre e reconhecimento de atividade coletiva de maneira robusta baseada na utilização de câmeras calibradas. Primeiramente, com o objetivo de remover a necessidade de calibração manual, nós apresentamos um método de calibração automática que explora detectores de pedestres e remoção de fundo para calibragem baseada em otimização não-linear. Adicionalmente, nós propomos a utilização da matriz de calibração para gerar candidatos coerentes com a geometria de cena em detectores de pedestres. Nossa abordagem tem como objetivo diminuir o intervalo de escalas comumente utilizado em detectores baseados em janelas deslizantes, gerando um número menor de extrações de atributos e reduzindo o número de falsos positivos na detecção. Em seguida, nós propomos um método de rastreamento de múltiplos pedestres utilizando câmeras calibradas. Nossa abordagem explora histogramas de cor para rastrear os pequenas regiões (patches) de cada alvo. Os vetores de deslocamento obtidos através do pareamento de atributos de aparência são combinados com um vetor obtido através de um preditor de movimento em coordenadas de mundo. Adicionalmente, nós incluímos informações originárias de detectores de pedestres para aumentar a acurácia do sistema e sua habilidade de recuperação a falhas. Por fim, nós propomos uma abordagem hierárquica de duas camadas para o problema de reconhecimento de atividade coletiva baseada no uso de classificadores Random Forests. No primeiro nível da técnica proposta, nós utilizamos distâncias entre pares de pessoas e suas respectivas velocidades relativas para classificar interações de pares. Estas interações são combinadas com a dinâmica do formato do grupo observado (e sua respectiva velocidade) para o reconhecimento de atividades coletivas. Os experimentos realizados neste trabalho demonstram a qualidade de nossas abordagens em sequências de vídeos disponíveis publicamente. Nossos resultados mostram serem competitivos quando comparados com técnicas do estado da arte e, particularmente, apresentam uma boa generalização entre diferentes cenários de captura de vídeo.Collective behavior detection and pedestrian tracking present many applications, specially in surveillance systems. In this dissertation, we proposed a complete pipeline for achieving robust tracking and collective behavior recognition based on calibrated static cameras. To remove the necessity of manual calibration, we first present a fully automatic self-calibration system that explores pedestrian detection results and background removal at non-consecutive frames in order to calibrate a static camera using a non-linear cost function. We also propose the use of camera calibration to generate geometrically coherent candidates for pedestrian detection. Our approach aims to reduce the scale range typically used in sliding-window techniques, which leads to less feature extractions and decreased number of false positives. Then, we propose a multi-target pedestrian tracking algorithm using a calibrated static camera. The tracking approach explores color histograms to track patches of each target. Obtained displacement vectors are combined with the expected motion of pedestrians in the world coordinate system. The proposed tracker also incorporates pedestrian detector results to improve the system’s accuracy and its ability to recover from failure. Finally, we propose a two-layered approach for collective behavior recognition based on Random Forests classifiers. In the first level, we use inter-personal distances and relative speeds computed in the world coordinate system to classify asymmetrical pair interactions. Those interactions are combined with group shape dynamics and mean velocity to recognize the collective behavior. We devise a set of experiments to attest the quality of our approaches using publicly available datasets. Results have shown to be competitive against state-of-the-art techniques, and particularly of good generalization across different databases.
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Finch, Craig. "Modeling transport and protein adsorption in microfluidic systems". Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4762.
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This work describes theoretical advances in the modeling and simulation of microfluidic systems and demonstrates the practical application of those techniques. A new multi-scale model of the adsorption of hard spheres was formulated to bridge the gap between simulations of discrete particles and continuum fluid dynamics. A whispering gallery mode (WGM) biosensor was constructed and used to measure the kinetics of adsorption for two types of proteins on four different surfaces. Computational fluid dynamics was used to analyze the transport of proteins in the flow cell of the biosensor. Kinetic models of protein adsorption that take transport limitations into account were fitted to the experimental data and used to draw conclusions about the mechanisms of adsorption. Transport simulations were then applied to the practical problem of optimizing the design of a microfluidic bioreactor to enable “plugs” of fluid to flow from one chamber to the next with minimal dispersion. Experiments were used to validate the transport simulations. The combination of quantitative modeling and simulation and experiments led to results that could not have been achieved using either approach by itself. Simulation tools that accurately predict transport and protein adsorption will enable the rational design of microfluidic devices for biomedical applications.ID: 031001510; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Co- Title from PDF title page (viewed August 5, 2013).; Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 117-133).
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Psychology
Sciences
Modeling and Simulation
Libros sobre el tema "Collective transport system"
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Andreychikov, Aleksandr y Ol'ga Andreychikova. Intelligent information systems and artificial intelligence methods. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1009595.
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The textbook discusses the methods of artificial intelligence and their application to solve problems from various subject areas. Methods of acquisition, representation and processing of knowledge in intelligent systems, as well as technologies for designing and implementing intelligent systems, are described. Special attention is paid to the application of intelligent systems for the selection of collective solutions, the design of complex systems( objects), the analysis and forecasting of the enterprise. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. For students enrolled in groups of training master's degree program "Management in technical systems", "Computer and information science", "computer science", "engineering and technology land transport", "engineering and construction technology", "Photonics, instrumentation, optical and biotechnical systems and technology", "aerospace engineering", "engineering and technologies of shipbuilding and water transport", and also in the areas of "automation of technological processes and productions", "mechatronics and robotics".
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Laos. Ministry of Public Works and Transport. Basic data collection study on low-emission public transport system in Lao PDR: Final report. Vientiane, Laos]: Ministry of Public Works and Transport, 2012.
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Verzunova, L. V. REPORTS OF THE TSHA ISSUE 293 (PART 3). Publishing house of the Russian state agrarian University UN-TA im. K. A. Timiryazeva, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1835-5-2021-579.
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The collection includes articles based on the reports of scientists of the K. A. Timiryazev RGAU-MSHA, other universities and research institutions at the International Scientific Conference dedicated to the 155th anniversary of the K. A. Timiryazev RGAU-MSHA, which was held on December 2-4, 2020. The materials are presented on topical issues: the use of new technologies and equipment in power supply systems of enterprises; innovations in heat engineering, hydraulics and energy supply of enterprises and in transport and technological machines and complexes; automotive equipment, improving the efficiency of the use of technological and transport systems; innovative technologies in crop production;applied mechanics; innovative directions for the development of the technical service system in the agro-industrial complex; quality management and metrological support in the production and technological systems of the agro-industrial complex.
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Public Transport Planning with Smart Card Data. Taylor & Francis Group, 2021.
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Kurauchi, Fumitaka y Jan-Dirk Schmöcker. Public Transport Planning with Smart Card Data. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.
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Kurauchi, Fumitaka y Jan-Dirk Schmöcker. Public Transport Planning with Smart Card Data. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.
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Wagner, Carsten A. y Olivier Devuyst. Renal acid–base homeostasis. Editado por Robert Unwin. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0024.
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The kidney is central to acid–base homeostasis. Major processes are reabsorption of filtered bicarbonate, de novo synthesis of bicarbonate from ammoniagenesis, and net excretion of protons. The latter requires buffers such as ammonium, phosphate, citrate and other bases binding protons (so-called titratable acids). The proximal tubule is the major site of bicarbonate reabsorption and only site of ammoniagenesis. The thick ascending limb and the distal convoluted tubule handle ammonia/ammonium and complete bicarbonate reabsorption. The collecting duct system excretes protons and ammonium, but may switch to net bicarbonate secretion. The kidney displays a great plasticity to adapt acid or bicarbonate excretion. Angiotensin II, aldosterone and endothelin are involved in regulating these processes, and they induce morphological changes along the nephron. Inborn and acquired disorders of renal acid–base handling are caused by mutations in acid–base transport proteins or by dysregulation of adaptive mechanisms.
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Collection of Consolidated Texts - 393 R 3652: Commission Regulation (EC) No. 3652/93 of 22 December 1993, on the Application of Article 85 (3) of the ... Systems for Air Transport Services. European Communities / Union (EUR-OP/OOPEC/OPOCE), 1996.
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Stankovic, Dusan. Youth, Guns and Safety: Analysis of the Response to the Multiple Murders of 3 and 4 May. Belgrade Centre for Security Policy, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55042/dtsn3219.
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After the multiple murders that took place on 3 and 4 May 2023, the Government of Serbia adopted a series of measures to improve gun control and increase safety in schools and among youth. The aim of this study is to evaluate the implementation and effectiveness of these measures. The research was based on different sources of data: the state authorities’ official reports, expert literature, media reports, interviews conducted with police officers, the Armed Violence Monitoring Platform (AVMP) database, and a survey of the citizens’ satisfaction with measures, their perception of security and trust in institutions. Most of the measures that have been adopted are related to firearms, while a smaller part refers to the safety of young people and education. Also, measures related to firearms have been implemented more than others, and some are still in effect (gun control, moratorium on the issuance of gun permits). The public call for handing over arms produced results in terms of a large number of collected weapons (significantly larger than before), but there is a question of why previous such actions were not accompanied by appropriate media campaigns, which would have produced similar results. Another question is why there are no current campaigns that would educate citizens about the dangers of firearms, their misuse and the way they are to be kept and handled, as these things are very important for the prevention of armed violence. Also, the collection of firearms showed problems regarding their transport, accommodation and disposal after handing over. Measures for the safety of young people were mostly of declarative (tougher penal policy) and formal nature (establishment of councils and working groups). The only measure that was immediately implemented and visible to citizens was the placement of police officers in schools. It is possible that some students, school staff or parents did feel safer because of this, but there is no evidence that the presence of police managed to reduce violence. This measure, as well as the measures related to gun control, significantly increased the scope of work of the general jurisdiction police, creating a situation in which other forms of crime may flourish. Most of the measures were not implemented even though more than six months have passed since their adoption. Some of them, like tougher penalties for firearms-related offences or lowering the threshold for criminal liability, require legislative changes. In addition, the research and experience of other countries do not support the idea that tougher penal policies would decrease criminality. The conclusions show that the measures were motivated by political interests to satisfy the public and that they were not adopted by professionals from the fields of public security, justice or education, which is why some have turned out to be impossible to implement (restricting access to the Dark Net, reducing the threshold for criminal responsibility, gun control in the short term) or are unsustainable for the system (police presence in schools, testing students for the presence of psychoactive substances). Analysis of data from the regional Armed Violence Monitoring Platform, which records media-covered incidents involving firearms, indicates that the number of such incidents did not change much after 3 and 4 May. Also, other data sources show that levels of violence and incidents involving firearms are not decreasing and that implemented measures have not changed anything in this sense. The results of the public opinion survey show that the number of citizens who are not satisfied with the measures is slightly higher than the number of those who are. Satisfaction with safety measures in schools (47% of the respondents) is a bit higher than satisfaction with measures related to gun control (54% of the respondents). Six months after the adoption of these measures, the satisfaction of citizens is visibly decreasing - 44% of them are satisfied with the measures, while 56% are not. Comparing the results of public opinion polls in 2023 with those from 2022, it is evident that citizens’ trust in institutions has dropped significantly: 63% trust the police (76% in 2022), 49% trust the courts (57%), and 50% trust the prosecutor’s office (56%). Also, the perception of citizens’ safety considering the environment has decreased at all levels: in their homes, neighbourhoods and in Serbia in general. Finally, the survey also showed that more citizens now feel threatened by phenomena such as murder (56%) and illegal possession of firearms (61%) than was the case in 2022 (murder 49%, illegal possession of firearms 54%). It should be noted here that we are talking about two different public opinion surveys here, and their comparison should be viewed with some reservation. Although both were conducted using a national, representative sample, the 2023 survey was conducted online and was not conducted on a random sample, while the 2022 survey was conducted face-to-face on a random sample.
Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Collective transport system"
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Mlynka, Michal, Peter Brida y Juraj Machaj. "Modular Localization System for Intelligent Transport". En Recent Developments in Computational Collective Intelligence, 115–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01787-7_11.
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Śnieżyński, Bartłomiej y Jarosław Koźlak. "Agent-Based System with Learning Capabilities for Transport Problems". En Computational Collective Intelligence. Technologies and Applications, 100–109. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23938-0_11.
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Miles, Christopher y Alex Mogilner. "Collective Molecular Motor Transport". En Case Studies in Systems Biology, 195–208. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67742-8_13.
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Tang, Lei-Han. "Collective Transport and Depinning". En Encyclopedia of Complexity and Systems Science, 1126–41. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30440-3_75.
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Tang, Lei-Han. "Collective Transport and Depinning". En Encyclopedia of Complexity and Systems Science Series, 145–63. New York, NY: Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1454-9_75.
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Vardharajan, Vivek Shankar, Karthik Soma y Giovanni Beltrame. "Collective Transport via Sequential Caging". En Distributed Autonomous Robotic Systems, 349–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92790-5_27.
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CHEN, Zhijun, Yao LENG, Jinqiu YU, Shengguang XIONG y Qiushi CHEN. "Information Collection Technology in ITS". En Intelligent Road Transport Systems, 37–96. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5776-4_2.
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Savić, Nemanja, Marek Junghans y Miloš Krstić. "Traffic Data Collection Using Tire Pressure Monitoring System". En Telematics - Support for Transport, 19–28. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45317-9_3.
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Bołtowicz, Katarzyna y Marek Chwal. "Polish Toll Collection System as an Unexplored Data Source". En Telematics - Support for Transport, 91–99. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45317-9_10.
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Kasprzyk, Zbigniew. "Delivering Payment Services through Manual Toll Collection System". En Telematics in the Transport Environment, 60–68. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34050-5_8.
Texto completoActas de conferencias sobre el tema "Collective transport system"
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Tsavachidis, M. "Aggregate analysis of driver response to collective route guidance and implications for system control". En Tenth International Conference on Road Transport Information and Control. IEE, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp:20000096.
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Kiryanov, A. A., S. B. Benevolensky, V. Yu Sirotkin y E. V. Subachev. "The Software of Control System for Collective Work of the Technical Developments". En 2023 Intelligent Technologies and Electronic Devices in Vehicle and Road Transport Complex (TIRVED). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tirved58506.2023.10332696.
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Kumar, Ganesh P., Aurélie Buffin, Theodore P. Pavlic, Stephen C. Pratt y Spring M. Berman. "A stochastic hybrid system model of collective transport in the desert ant aphaenogaster cockerelli". En the 16th international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2461328.2461349.
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Barrera, L. Brito, V. A. Arzate Baltazar, F. D. Fuentes Marbán y U. Guglielmi Ibarra. "Simulation of the Operation Panel from a Collective Transport System METRO's Train with Virtual Reality". En 2008 Electronics, Robotics and Automotive Mechanics Conference (CERMA). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cerma.2008.90.
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Orecchini, Fabio, Federico Villatico Campbell y Adriano Alessandrini. "The HOST Vehicle Concept: Human Oriented Sustainable Transport". En ASME 2005 3rd International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2005-74072.
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HOST is an innovative vehicle concept suitable for the urban transport of both persons and goods. To lower the impact of mobility on the cities, cleaner vehicles are not enough: an integrated passenger and freight strategy must be adopted. Cleaner vehicles must be specifically designed for the purpose to be better than conventional ones under any aspect, including costs. To lower such costs and to start up the Low Polluting Vehicles (LPV) market the versatility of LPVs has to be enhanced. HOST aims at developing a fully versatile low-cost LPV concept. Versatility is achieved by making HOST vehicle modular and cost reduction is obtained by using the same vehicle for different purposes, simply changing different cabins on the same chassis. The main four tasks HOST is conceived for are: • Nocturne collective taxi; • Daytime car sharing services; • Daytime freight collection and distribution; • Nocturne garbage collection. The four mentioned services are not the only ones HOST may be used for, but are those for which it is specifically studied. Such choice is made for one very simple reason: all of the four tasks belong to the same family of “municipal services”. Using the same chassis to operate all the different services is feasible and can finally create the critical mass of final users, so to reach convenient prices. The four services chosen, two addressing passenger mobility and two addressing freight mobility, go all in the way of reducing city mobility impact. Car sharing and nocturne collective taxi systems, if integrated with public transport, can increase its attractiveness, pushing more people to use it. Freight pick-up and delivery and garbage collection need a low polluting alternative to be re-organised, so to become sustainable. The powertrain layout and the possibility to easily vary the platform main dimensions enable HOST to be equipped with very different bodyworks, which let the car manufacturer provides both private and public bodies, such as municipalities or urban mobility authorities. More in detail the energy system is all included in the HOST platform and it is conceived in shaped boxes, so that its modules become inter-exchangeable. A series hybrid configuration let HOST to be equipped with an internal combustion engine (ICE) coupled with an energy recovery system (batteries+supercapacitors), anyhow is already designed to utilise fuel cells (FC) powered by pure hydrogen just changing the energy module (and the tank), being this last the final purpose of the concept design. Thanks to these two solutions HOST is able to run as a zero emission vehicle for a limited period (ICE) or for the whole driving cycle (FC). A full drive-by-wire solution is adopted and the only mechanical connections between the cabin and the platform will be a specifically designed mechanical anchorage, these solutions will allow the easy installation/removal of any cabin. The vehicle has four wheel drive capability (4WD), thus featuring a good grip even on slippery roads. The four electric motors (one per wheel) allow an easy traction control, ensuring stability and safety. The chassis has a four wheel total steering (4WS) configuration, that enables the vehicle to rotate around its vertical axis as well as the to shift horizontally. These characteristics give HOST decisive advantages for the missions it has been conceived for. The 4WS capability gives to the vehicle easy manoeuvring in little streets in the cities centres and they are useful for the accurate positioning to be easily accessible by wheel chairs, during freight loading/unloading operations and while it runs as a garbage truck. Only a modular vehicle featuring the reusing concept can cover contemporarily all the selected services: one vehicle chassis with different sizes interchangeable energy generation modules and different bodies, depending on the service it is used for. Such concept, other than abating the environmental impact, will allow: • a reduction of costs: one chassis can fit several bodies compensating the higher cost of a low environmental impact energy and traction system; • a reduction of occupied space: the vehicle is always in use, night and day; • a reduction of waste materials, increasing their lifetime; • an increased life of vehicles, due to the possibility of changing bodies and energy generation modules; • traffic congestion reduction: using and reusing one vehicle for several services.
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Guney, Mehmet Ali y Ioannis Raptis. "Task-Allocation and Control of a Ground Robots Collective for Warehouse Automation". En ASME 2015 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2015-9938.
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In the last years, there have been several attempts to deploy Autonomous Guided Vehicles (AGVs) to automate the operation of warehouse environments. The implementation of AGVs has numerous advantages over conventional warehouse automation systems in terms of cost and scalability. In this work, we present the development of a test-bed platform for the utilization of an AGV collective to a warehouse automation system. The system architecture has plug-and-play algorithmic design which makes it extremely modular. In this system, small-scale robotic forklifts are used to transport an arbitrary number of circular pallets to predefined locations. The forklift robots are able to move in the arena without colliding each other due to the implementation of a centralized deconfliction algorithm. A task allocation algorithm prevents the forklift drives from being trapped by a fence of pallets. The performance of the proposed system is validated by both simulation and experimental results.
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Simoes, Anabela y Ling Suen. "Service Quality of Inclusive, Sustainable and Resilient Community Transport Systems". En 14th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2023). AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003832.
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The paper aims at presenting a conceptual framework integrating a Service Quality Assessment Concept in a methodological approach towards inclusive, safe, sustainable, and resilient transport systems to accommodate everyone’s mobility needs. Despite the improvement of public transport systems around the world, many users perceive: 1. Poor accessibility in most public transport systems; 2. Existence of physical barriers to free mobility in urban walking areas; 3. Increasing frequency of unexpected incidences as new norm in this 21st century (floods, earthquakes, terrorist attacks, pandemics, etc.).Furthermore, as transport operations are dynamic, increasing the level of uncertainty, the entire system is susceptible to extreme stresses that could propagate shocks throughout the entire network. Such risks highlight the importance of safety and comfort along each trip, such as providing seats for all, avoiding crowds in the vehicle, on stops, stations, and waiting areas, with contingency transport services in case of incidents.Meeting individual and collective mobility needs within a community is influenced by the existing and planned land use and depends on the available transport services. Furthermore, the enormous dispersion of individual limits to a free mobility related to a disability, older age or any temporary or occasional impairment or condition, accessible and inclusive transport services are required to fit the user’s mobility needs. The steps of the planned trip, like connections to other vehicle or network, could impose some difficulties that should be previewed, offering solutions to avoid exclusion. Finally, a barrier-free walking environment to reach or leave a transport network should complete the requests for the provision of transport services to accommodate everyone’s activity limits.The proposed Service Quality Assessment model is based on the quality loop involving the users’ feedback and the transport operators’ awareness of the planned and actual service level. Innovative technology supporting an Immersive Virtual Environment as a design, testing, and demonstration tool, will be described to identify new needs, design, test and to apply new solutions.
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Nowacki, G., I. Mitraszewska y T. Kamiński. "GSM/GPS based toll collection system – proposal for Poland". En URBAN TRANSPORT 2009. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/ut090151.
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Narasimhan, Sam. "Use of MPEG transport stream in TV systems". En Critical Review Collection. SPIE, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.227949.
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Khalil, Ahmad, Tobias Meuser, Yassin Alkhalili, Antonio Anta, Lukas Staecker y Ralf Steinmetz. "Situational Collective Perception: Adaptive and Efficient Collective Perception in Future Vehicular Systems". En 8th International Conference on Vehicle Technology and Intelligent Transport Systems. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0011065000003191.
Texto completoInformes sobre el tema "Collective transport system"
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Nelson, Alex, Stanford A. Gibson y Alex Sanchez. Development of a two-dimensional HEC-RAS sediment model for the Chippewa River, Wisconsin, for software development and sediment trend analysis. U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, junio de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/44561.
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This US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Regional Sediment Management technical note (RSM-TN) describes an RSM effort that converted a one-dimensional (1D) sediment transport model of the Chippewa River confluence with the Mississippi River into a two-dimensional (2D) model. This work leveraged recent sediment data collection and tested the new 2D sediment transport capabilities in the Hydrologic Engineering Center, River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) Version 6.0. In addition to the benefits of software testing, the resulting model developed through this effort can provide more accurate spatial and temporal information about sedimentation in the Mississippi River navigation channel and help inform future dredging strategies for the St. Paul District, USACE.
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Moro, Leben y Alice Robinson. Key Considerations: Cross-Border Dynamics between Uganda and South Sudan in the Context of the Outbreak of Ebola, 2022. Institute of Development Studies, diciembre de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2022.045.
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This brief summarises key considerations concerning cross-border dynamics between South Sudan and Uganda in the context of the 2022 outbreak of Ebola in Uganda, and the risk of the spread of the virus into South Sudan. It is one of four briefs exploring cross-border dynamics in the context of the outbreak, alongside Kenya, Rwanda and Tanzania. The outbreak is of the Sudan strain of Ebola (Sudan Virus Disease, SVD). SVD is used in this paper to refer to the current outbreak in East Africa, whereas outbreaks of Zaire Ebolavirus disease or general references to Ebola are referred to as EVD. The outbreak of SVD began in Mubende, Uganda, on 19 September 2022. At the time of writing (25 November), there had been 141 confirmed cases and 55 deaths, including seven health workers. Infections had been confirmed in nine districts in Uganda, including in Kampala – a major transport hub. Vaccines used in previous Ebola outbreaks are effective against the Zaire strain of Ebola, and vaccines that could work against the Sudan strain remain under investigation. As of November 2022, there have been no confirmed cases of SVD imported into South Sudan, although several alerts have been investigated. However, the fear that travellers from Uganda might bring the disease into South Sudan has spurred preparations by government institutions and partner organisations, building on the experiences acquired during past outbreaks, particularly Ebola and COVID-19. An EVD High Level Taskforce has been formed, chaired by the Minister for Cabinet Affairs and co-chaired by the Minister of Health. The South Sudan Ministry of Health (MoH) has activated the Public Health Emergency Operation Centre (PHEOC) and Incident Management System (IMS). A national EVD Readiness Plan has been developed and endorsed by the government. A free hotline (number 6666) is in place, which can be used either to report suspected cases or for information on Ebola. Training of staff at border entry points has started. This brief is based on a rapid review of published and grey literature, and informal discussions with the South Sudan Red Cross, IOM, academics from University of Juba, and the PHEOC. It was requested by the Collective Service and was written by Leben Nelson Moro (University of Juba) and Alice Robinson (London School of Economics). It was reviewed by colleagues at the University of Bath, the PHEOC, Internews, Anthrologica, the Institute of Development Studies and the Collective Service. The brief is the responsibility of the Social Science in Humanitarian Action Platform (SSHAP).
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Amiri, Rahmatullah y Ashley Jackson. Taliban Taxation in Afghanistan: (2006-2021). Institute of Development Studies (IDS), febrero de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2022.004.
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Before taking control of Afghanistan in August 2021, the Taliban had developed a remarkably state-like revenue collection system throughout the country. This ICTD research explores how that came to be, and what factors shaped the various forms of Taliban taxation. Drawing primarily on fieldwork from Helmand, Ghazni and Kunduz provinces, this paper explores in depth three commonplace types of Taliban taxation: ushr (effectively a harvest tax, applied to both legal crops as well as opium), taxation on transport of goods (similar to customs), and taxes on aid interventions. The paper pays particular attention to geographic variation, exploring how and why each practice evolved differently at the subnational level.
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Ptsuty, Norbert, Andrea Habeck y Christopher Menke. Shoreline position and coastal topographical change monitoring at Gateway National Recreation Area: 2017–2022 and 2007–2022 trend report. National Park Service, agosto de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2299536.
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This trend report summarizes the results of shoreline position and coastal topography monitoring conducted at Gateway National Recreation Area (GATE) in 2007 through 2022. The data collection and report were completed by Rutgers University for the National Park Service, Northeast Coastal and Barrier Network, Inventory and Monitoring Program. Gateway National Recreation Area (GATE) is made up of three units: Sandy Hook Unit, Jamaica Bay Unit (Breezy Point, Plumb Beach), and Staten Island Unit (Great Kills, Miller Field, Fort Wadsworth). Shoreline position change results include a spatial depiction and statistical analysis of annual changes and 5-year changes in shoreline position as well as a longer-term trend analysis incorporating the full shoreline analysis of 2007 through 2022, all following the model presented in Psuty et al. (2022a). Coastal topography datasets include profiles of survey data collected annually, annual change metrics, net change metrics, as well as an alongshore depiction of net change, following the model presented in Psuty et al. (2012). This 2007–2022 trend report is the third GATE trend report to incorporate both shoreline position and coastal topographical change data. Due to the variable exposure to incident waves influencing inputs of sediment to the alongshore transport system in the various units from updrift sources, there was no common direction of shoreline displacement or profile change throughout the GATE park units. Engineering structures along the beach and adjacent to inlets altered the shoreline position and coastal topography responses in much of GATE. Generally, the largest vectors of shoreline position change and changes in coastal topography were produced by natural impacts such as storms and by anthropogenic impacts such as dredging or beach nourishment at an updrift location. All of the park units in GATE displayed the impacts of an absence of a source of sediment to counter the erosional impacts of the coastal storms. All of the units had a net inland displacement of shoreline position over the survey period, with some short term recovery associated with local pulses of sediment transfer. Sites with ocean exposure were more heavily eroded (Sandy Hook Oceanside, Breezy Point Oceanside, and Great Kills Oceanside), than sheltered sites (Sandy Hook Bayside, Breezy Point Bayside, Great Kills Bayside, Plumb Beach, Miller Field, Fort Wadsworth). A comparison of the shoreline position and profile data from this survey period with those from the previous trend reports highlights the impacts of Hurricane Sandy and the variety of recovery episodes throughout GATE (Psuty et al. 2018). The trend lines for the sites are often divided into pre-Hurricane Sandy (2012) and post- Hurricane Sandy because of the magnitude of the changes to the shoreline position (1D) and coastal topography (2D) metrics. There was considerable resilience in the system to re-establish the dune-beach system, although not in its original location. The continuing negative sediment budget and the increasing rate of relative sea-level rise will result in episodic inland migration of the dune-beach system and will necessitate a concomitant review of the allocation of space for visitor use and recreation.
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Wolf, Shmuel y William J. Lucas. Involvement of the TMV-MP in the Control of Carbon Metabolism and Partitioning in Transgenic Plants. United States Department of Agriculture, octubre de 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1999.7570560.bard.
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The function of the 30-kilodalton movement protein (MP) of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is to facilitate cell-to-cell movement of viral progeny in infected plants. Our earlier findings have indicated that this protein has a direct effect on plasmodesmal function. In addition, these studies demonstrated that constitutive expression of the TMV MP gene (under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter) in transgenic tobacco plants significantly affects carbon metabolism in source leaves and alters the biomass distribution between the various plant organs. The long-term goal of the proposed research was to better understand the factors controlling carbon translocation in plants. The specific objectives were: A) To introduce into tobacco and potato plants a virally-encoded (TMV-MP) gene that affects plasmodesmal functioning and photosynthate partitioning under tissue-specific promoters. B) To introduce into tobacco and potato plants the TMV-MP gene under the control of promoters which are tightly repressed by the Tn10-encoded Tet repressor, to enable the expression of the protein by external application of tetracycline. C) To explore the mechanism by which the TMV-MP interacts with the endogenous control o~ carbon allocation. Data obtained in our previous project together with the results of this current study established that the TMV-MP has pleiotropic effects when expressed in transgenic tobacco plants. In addition to its ability to increase the plasmodesmal size exclusion limit, it alters carbohydrate metabolism in source leaves and dry matter partitioning between the various plant organs, Expression of the TMV-MP in various tissues of transgenic potato plants indicated that sugars and starch levels in source leaves are reduced below those of control plants when the TMV-MP is expressed in green tissue only. However, when the TMV-MP was expressed predominantly in PP and CC, sugar and starch levels were raised above those of control plants. Perhaps the most significant result obtained from experiments performed on transgenic potato plants was the discovery that the influence of the TMV-MP on carbohydrate allocation within source leaves was under developmental control and was exerted only during tuber development. The complexity of the mode by which the TMV-MP exerts its effect on the process of carbohydrate allocation was further demonstrated when transgenic tobacco plants were subjected to environmental stresses such as drought stress and nutrients deficiencies, Collectively, these studies indicated that the influence of the TMV-MP on carbon allocation L the result of protein-protein interaction within the source tissue. Based on these results, together with the findings that plasmodesmata potentiate the cell-to-cell trafficking of viral and endogenous proteins and nucleoproteins complexes, we developed the theme that at the whole plant level, the phloem serves as an information superhighway. Such a long-distance communication system may utilize a new class of signaling molecules (proteins and/or RNA) to co-ordinate photosynthesis and carbon/nitrogen metabolism in source leaves with the complex growth requirements of the plant under the prevailing environmental conditions. The discovery that expression of viral MP in plants can induce precise changes in carbon metabolism and photoassimilate allocation, now provide a conceptual foundation for future studies aimed at elucidating the communication network responsible for integrating photosynthetic productivity with resource allocation at the whole-plant level. Such information will surely provide an understanding of how plants coordinate the essential physiological functions performed by distantly-separated organs. Identification of the proteins involved in mediating and controlling cell-to-cell transport, especially at the companion cell-sieve element boundary, will provide an important first step towards achieving this goal.
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Design/Installation and Structural Integrity Assessment of Bethel Valley Low-Level Waste Collection and transfer system upgrade for Building 2649 (Transported Waste Receiving Facility) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), enero de 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/30459.
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