Tesis sobre el tema "Cognitice control"
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Schultheis, Holger. "Computational cognitive modeling of control in spatial cognition". Lengerich Berlin Bremen Miami, Fla. Riga Viernheim Wien Zagreb Pabst Science Publ, 2009. http://d-nb.info/998029661/04.
Texto completoSoncin, Lisa Dounia. "Trouble de stress post-traumatique dans les épilepsies pharmaco-résistantes de l'adulte : Vers un modèle multidimensionnel de la psychoépileptogénèse". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024COAZ2012.
Texto completoEpilepsy can give rise to various comorbid psychiatric disorders, notably generalized anxiety disorder and depression, which exert a more detrimental impact on quality of life than the seizures themselves. It has been demonstrated that epilepsy alone cannot fully account for the extent of psychiatric comorbidity, primarily associated with early traumatic exposures. The primary objective of this PhD is to investigate traumatic exposure and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). Five studies were conducted to achieve these goals: (1) We report, for the first time, that patients with DRE exhibit significantly more PTSD symptoms compared to control participants. Subsequently, we describe the specificity of the clinical presentation of PTSD and psychological trauma in epilepsy, emphasizing an association between these symptoms and the subjective semiological manifestations experienced during epileptic attacks. (2) As a follow-up to the initial study, we sought to determine whether the prevalence of PTSD is linked to epilepsy or living with a chronic disease. We compared traumatic exposure, PTSD, psychiatric comorbidities, quality of life, and emotional regulation between patients with epilepsy and two groups with other chronic diseases: type 1 diabetes (1TD) and atrial fibrillation (AF). Patients with epilepsy reported significantly higher exposure, more PTSD symptoms, anxiety, depression, dissociation, as well as poorer quality of life and greater difficulties with emotional regulation than both other groups. Additionally, we explored the voluntary capacity (perceived control) that patients can exert over their disease symptoms and investigated the extent to which these capacities may be impacted by psychiatric symptoms and PTSD, as well as fostered by the ability to regulate one's emotions. (3) To further understand the PTSD-DRE association, in addition to the semiological studies, we examined associated cognitive aspects, particularly focusing on the perceived control of epileptic seizures. We demonstrate the involvement of cognitive control and perceived control influenced by PTSD and dissociation symptoms. Notably, hypervigilance was found to promote seizure control with patients having PTSD reporting better success in avoiding seizures than those without PTSD. (4) To explore the PTSD-DRE association at the cerebral level, we studied metabolic responses using Positron Emission Tomography (PETScan) from patients with drug-resistant temporal epilepsy (tDRE). Our data revealed right medial temporal hypometabolism in patients with a complex traumatic history and PTSD symptoms. (5) Subsequently, we analyzed functional connectivity (FC) using Stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) in patients with tDRE (temporal drug-resistant epilepsy) with and without PTSD, showing an increase in FC in patients with PTSD in the hemisphere where the epileptogenic zone is located and a corresponding decrease in the opposite hemisphere. This suggests a physiological association between PTSD and epilepsy. The results of this PhD work are groundbreaking and original in understanding PTSD associated with epilepsy and potentially extend to a broader understanding of chronic diseases. We propose a model of PTSD in the DRE as a synthesis of all this research work, introducing the concept of psychoepileptogenic, which signifies the association between intense stress (PTSD) and epilepsy by integrating semiological, cognitive, and cerebral aspects supporting this association
Morcom, Alexandra. "The role of executive control in task switching". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/d1108d24-de51-45e7-b3fe-49bdde78bacf.
Texto completoBrandmeyer, Tracy. "Etude du rôle des oscillations dans les états attentionnels endogènes et exogènes : les nouvelles méthodes en neurophénoménologie". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30026/document.
Texto completoThe work presented in this thesis aims to extend our scientific understanding of the subtle relationships between our phenomenological experience of specific states of consciousness, and the corresponding and potentially causal effects on neural activity. In our first experiment, we focused on a phenomenon referred to as spontaneous thought or mind wandering. Our vastly complex inner landscape is an essential aspect of our conscious experience, with research suggesting that people are engaged in some form of inner dialogue unrelated to their surroundings 50% of waking hours. These ongoing trains of thought have been consistently linked to reports of negative affect, even when the specific content is positive. Interestingly, the cornerstones of most meditation and contemplative practices are; a) training the continuous and flexible monitoring of mind wandering and sensory experience, b) the cultivation of sustained attention, and c) enhanced metacognitive awareness. Given that we are generally unaware of mind wandering when it occurs, meditation practitioners may provide more accurate first person phenomenological reports and descriptions of these temporally fluctuating states given their respective training. Thus, we designed a novel paradigm based on experience sampling probe presentations to gain insight into the dynamic measures of mental activity and EEG during meditation. Our findings suggest that meditation expertise is associated with an attenuated frequency of mind wandering, and that meditation training reduces the susceptibility of the mind to wander subsequently leading to longer periods of reported meditative absorption. Increases in theta activity (4-7 Hz) over frontal midline regions of the cortex, and alpha activity (9-12 Hz) primarily focused over the somatosensory cortex, appear to be markers of sustained meditative states when compared to mind wandering. Based on the robustness of the frontal midline theta in advanced meditators, alongside a multitude of findings demonstrating that frontal theta may serve as the backbone for cognitive control via long range information integration in neural networks throughout the brain, we then developed a methodologically novel and exhaustive neurofeedback protocol with the aim of training frontal midline theta (3.5-6.5 Hz at electrode site Fz) by means of instructing our subjects to engage in focused breathing and other techniques similar to meditation. After eight training sessions, we found that subjects who received real neurofeedback were able to significantly modulate and increase theta activity (3-7 Hz) over frontal regions, whereas subject's receiving age and gender matched sham (pseudo) feedback were not. We additionally observed significant modulations in both the alpha (9-11 Hz) and beta bands (13-20 Hz) in subjects who received real neurofeedback training. Together, these findings provide evidence that we can successfully connect neurophysiological features and data to the phenomenological nature of our subjective experience
Noonan, Krist Anthony. "Conceptualising the void : Bridging the gap between semantic cognition and cognitive control". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.517858.
Texto completoDodd, Jessica Amen Alexandra Fineman Stephanie. "Mechanisms of self-regulation associations between cognitive control and emotion regulation /". Diss., Connect to the thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10066/1427.
Texto completoAmen, Alexandra. "Monitoring the mind the relationship between individual differences in cognitive control and emotion regulation /". Diss., Connect to the thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10066/1428.
Texto completoHutcheon, Thomas Gordon. "Assessing the Durablity and Time Course of Stimulus-driven Control". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/51840.
Texto completoEzzedine, Nour. "Exploration de la relation entre le contrôle cognitif et le contrôle des langues dans l'aphasie bilingue". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse 2, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023TOU20113.
Texto completoIn bilingual oral production different control mechanisms are involved in managing interference caused by the coexistence of two linguistic systems (Green, 1986). It is assumed that these control mechanisms are disrupted in bilingual aphasia (Green, 1986; Pitres, 1895). This has been established through observation of the clinical manifestation of bilingual aphasia revealing the presence of non-parallel recovery patterns or involuntary and pathological code-switching (Paradis, 1977). The objective of our study is to explore the relationship between cognitive control and language control observed in bilingual aphasia, as well as to determine its nature. Nineteen subjects participated in our study: 10 bilingual aphasic patients and 9 control participants matched on age, level of education and bilingualism. All participants were bilingual L2 French speakers with different L1s. As for the material, a questionnaire was used to assess bilingualism (dominance, proficiency and code-switching habits before the brain lesion), while the three components of the executive functions were assessed through verbal and non-verbal tasks. Moreover, language control was evaluated through speech, verbal fluency and cross-language skills. Group analyses revealed a difference between the two participant groups in tasks assessing verbal cognitive control and in tasks assessing language control (verbal fluency and cross-language skills). These results suggest a dissociation between the two domains of control in bilingual aphasic patients. However, the analysis of individual patient profiles underlines the importance of qualifying these results and taking into account the patients’ recovery patters, the severity of the aphasia as well as the code-switching habits prior to lesion. The present thesis allows us to formulate perspectives for clinical research improving the study of language control in acutely brain-injured patients and to develop interventions based on empirical evidence and adapted to the patient’s profile
Richter, Franziska Rebekka. "The control of task sets and long-term memory". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:6537ad2c-107b-4517-8b37-7d5d59edbe3b.
Texto completoHinault, Thomas. "Vieillissement et modulations séquentielles de l'exécution stratégique : le rôle du contrôle cognitif". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM3026/document.
Texto completoRecent studies suggest that cognitive control mechanisms, allowing regulations of behavior to support goal-directed behaviors, are involved during strategy execution, together with aging effects therein. However, the processes involved and how they change with age need further investigations. The present work aims to study cognitive control processes involved in sequential modulations of strategy execution. It also examines how these mechanisms evolve during aging. Altogether, these findings reveal that, in contrast with theoretical models of strategies that assume strategy independence, strategy execution on a given trial is modulated as a function of strategy execution on previous trial. Moreover, neuroimaging data (i.e., electroencephalography and magnetoencephalography) showed a specific neural network activated during such sequential modulations, involving anterior cingulate and inferior frontal regions. These regions are known to be activated in conflict tasks. In older adults, a decline in sequential modulations of strategy execution was observed. However, some older adults showed preserved behavioral performance, associated with changes in time course and brain regions engaged. Such changes were interpreted as reflecting compensatory mechanisms involved to maintain behavioral performance similar to young adults. All in all, results specify the implication of cognitive control mechanisms in strategic processing, and in strategic variations during aging
Lowry, Mark D. "Evaluating Theories of Bilingual Language Control Using Computational Models". Scholar Commons, 2019. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7852.
Texto completoWeibel, Sébastien. "Influences non conscientes sur des processus mentaux complexes : initiation de stratégies et sentiment de contrôle". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAJ014/document.
Texto completoDo unconscious stimuli modify processes that are typically associated with consciousness? This question is of particular interest in schizophrenia in which there is both impairments of implicit processes and abnormalities of conscious processes. For instance patients have difficulties to initiate a strategy or to feel in control of their actions. For this purpose, we wanted to know to what extent the choice of a task set or the feeling of control over the action could be influenced by unconscious cues. We conducted two studies in healthy subjects showing that unconscious stimuli can influence the preparation of a task set. However, we have shown that there are limitations to these unconscious influences: the processing of unconscious stimuli must be uninterrupted for some time, and it is modulated by attentional mechanisms. Our third study analyzed the effect of subliminal distortions of the haptic feedback (tactile and kinesthetic) on motor adaptation and on the conscious sense of control over the action. We have shown that the feeling of control was modulated by subliminal distortions of the haptic feedback. Unconscious influences have an impact on conscious processes, but in limited and controlled circumstances
Hoarau, Marie. "Présence d'un schème trompeur dans un atelier d'aéronautique : manifestations et remédiation : assistance aux procédés de fabrication dans les ateliers du futur". Thesis, Rennes 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN20017.
Texto completoThe evolution of technology and the shift in the role devoted to operators in industry, from simple task execution to complex system control, provoke a development of the literature concerning assistance to fabrication process. This thesis of psychology joins this literature. It aims at designing an assistant to fabrication process, called the virtual companion, which would both support performances and maintain or improve competences. In particular, the virtual companion would be addressed to operators in an aeronautical factory. The case study requires in line simulation of dynamic physical processes. Two fields of the literature were used: frameworks concerning interface design for dynamic situations and those concerning competences. A three-parts methodology was used: (1) activity analysis of the operators in the real factory, (2) conception and validation of a microworld, and (3) design and test of a virtual companion in the microworld. Results show that the operators of the factory use a misleading scheme during their activity. This misleading scheme is also used by random participants. Moreover, this misleading scheme has an effect on the performances of random participants trained in the microworld. Finally, the virtual companion, whose interface is design based on EID principles, does not eliminate the misleading scheme. However, the participants who did not use the misleading scheme performed better after using the virtual companion. This results leads to the conclusion that studying the operators’ use of misleading schemes seems accurate as such schemes may impair the use of interfaces designed to support their activity
Lucenet, Joanna. "Le rôle de la verbalisation dans le développement de la gestion des buts : une approche vie entière". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM3032.
Texto completoGoal-setting, defined as the ability to represent and maintain task goals in working memory, play a crucial role in executive control. The current work aims to study how this component develops across different age groups. It also examines whether required verbalizations have an impact on this development. To this end, four experimental studies were conducted, and revealed 1) that improvement in goal-setting ability during preschool years was associated with qualitative changes in the control used; 2) that flexibility abilities from childhood to old age was specifically linked to the development of goal-setting component; and 3) that requested verbalizations influenced the development of goal-setting ability by producing benefits in children and older adults. The use of proactive control in task-switching could be promoted by the spontaneous utilization of strategies which enable attention reorientation toward task goals to retrieve goal representation and to maintain it in memory during the processing steps of the task. The beneficial effect of requested verbalizations in children and older adults suggests that these age groups encounter goal-setting difficulties when asked to perform the task in silence. Such difficulties may stem from immaturity or deficits in inner speech, from the fact that these age groups do not understand the necessity to engage in an advance preparation of the task, or from their lack of awareness of the benefits induced by verbal strategies
Questienne, Laurence. "Subjective Experiences in Conflict Tasks". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/259745.
Texto completoLorsque nous réalisons une tâche, nous ressentons consciemment des expériences cognitives et affectives que l’on peut subjectivement évaluer. Par exemple, nous pouvons avoir l’impression que notre performance est plus ou moins bonne, ressentir que la tâche est plus ou moins difficile, etc. Ces expériences subjectives pourraient avoir une influence sur nos adaptations comportementales. Dans cette thèse de doctorat, nous avions pour objectif de comprendre l’émergence de ces expériences subjectives et leurs rôles dans nos comportements adaptatifs. Dans une première étude expérimentale, nous avons investigué la relation entre les expériences de conflit et l’effet Gratton dans le contexte des tâches de conflit. L’effet Gratton est considéré comme une signature comportementale de mécanismes de contrôle cognitif. Nous avons répliqué et généralisé de précédents résultats (Desender, Van Opstal & Van den Bussche, 2014) qui avaient montré que les expériences métacognitives du conflit sont liées à l’effet Gratton. Dans une seconde étude, nous avons montré que les participants sont capables de se concentrer sur des aspects très spécifiques de leur expérience phénoménale, ces aspects (conflit visuel et conflit moteur) étant habituellement confondus dans des tâches de conflit. Dans la troisième et quatrième étude de cette thèse, nous nous sommes concentrés sur l’expérience de « urge-to-err », c’est à dire le sentiment subjectif d’être sur le point de faire une erreur, bien que la réponse donnée soit finalement correcte. En utilisant des enregistrements électromyographiques, nous avons montré que cette expérience subjective résulte d'une combinaison de différents aspects de la tâche, dont en particulier la performance motrice. Finalement, nous avons étudié le décours temporel de l’émergence de l’expérience de « urge-to-err » en analysant les marqueurs électroencéphalographiques liés à cette expérience. Les résultats montrent que notre expérience subjective de « urge-to-err » est aveugle aux traitements cognitifs qui ont lieu avant la réponse motrice. Cette expérience est principalement sous-tendue par des traitements tardifs liés à l’évaluation de la réponse. En résumé, à travers différentes études utilisant des mesures comportementales, électromyographiques et électroencéphalographiques, la présente thèse révèle les éléments constitutifs des expériences métacognitives dans le contexte de tâches de conflit. Ce travail contribue également à une meilleure compréhension de la relation entre expériences subjectives et comportements adaptatifs.
Doctorat en Sciences psychologiques et de l'éducation
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Rothé, Marie. "Activités spécifiques du cortex cingulaire antérieur et du cortex préfrontal dorsolatéral et interactions lors de l’adaptation des comportements". Thesis, Lyon 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO10268/document.
Texto completoActing optimally in uncertain environments requires evaluating costs and benefits of choosing each alternative. It also requires to flexibly regulate between exploration for and exploitation of resources. One current hypothesis is that the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), involved in action valuation, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), involved in cognitive control, interact to elaborate an optimal regulation of behaviour. Studies achieved during this thesis allowed to precise the role of ACC in the detection and valuation of action outcomes as well as to describe the interactions with dlPFC in a cognitive control loop. Thanks to neurophysiological recordings in behaving monkey our work give new clues on the sequential activation of ACC and dlPFC during adaptation. The analyses of local field potentials allowed us to suggest hypotheses on the underlying oscillatory mechanisms, in particular on low frequency communications between ACC and dlPFC, and their modulation during exploration and exploitation
Deline, Stéphane. "Différences individuelles dans les processus de contrôle attentionnel chez des personnes jeunes et âgées : approches expérimentale et computationnelle". Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00960549.
Texto completoSaunders, Blair. "Mood-dependent changes in cognitive control". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/4503.
Texto completoChaillou, Anne-Clémence. "Influence des affects positifs sur le contrôle cognitif chez les volontaires sains et les personnes souffrant de schizophrénie". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAJ120.
Texto completoThe aim of this project was to deepen our understanding of the mechanisms by which positive emotions modulate cognition and behavior. By using behavioral and electrophysiological measures, we addressed this question in a population of healthy controls, and in patients suffering from schizophrenia, because in this disease affect does not appropriately modulate behavior. Our results show that positive emotions globally decrease attentional preparation, a cognitive control mechanism. Nevertheless, when associated with a high level of motivation, they allow for improved recruitment of cognitive control. This modulation of cognitive control by positive emotions is more likely to appear in individuals who have a marked tendency towards experiencing negative emotions. In patients suffering from schizophrenia, this modulation is not appropriate, not even for non-consciously induced positive affective experiences
Hulbert, Justin Conor. "Inducing amnesia through cognitive control". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610685.
Texto completoMagis, Weinberg Lucía Inés. "Cognitive control development in adolescence". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2017. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10040027/.
Texto completoCoulthard, Elizabeth Jane. "Cognitive control in visual neglect". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2008. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445221/.
Texto completoImana, Eyosias Yoseph. "Cognitive RF Front-end Control". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/51121.
Texto completoPh. D.
Pavlov, Garcia Olivia C. "Intentional Control of Cognitive Dynamics". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1446547138.
Texto completoJiang, Huangqi. "FACTOR ANALYSIS OF COGNITIVE CONTROL". Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1562597562093455.
Texto completoTully, Laura Magdalen. "Cognitive Control of Emotional Information in Schizophrenia: Understanding the Mechanisms of Social Functioning Impairments". Thesis, Harvard University, 2013. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11105.
Texto completoPsychology
Grisetto, Fanny. "Impulsivity is not just disinhibition : investigating the effects of impulsivity on the adaptation of cognitive control mechanisms". Thesis, Lille 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL3H031.
Texto completoImpulsivity is a behavioral tendency frequently observed in the general population butat different degrees. Interestingly, higher impulsivity increases the probability to develop and to be diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder, such as substance use or personality disorders. To gain a better understanding on the emergence of such psychiatric disorders, my PhD project focused on the role of cognitive control in impulsive manifestations. Indeed, cognitive control is a set of basic executive functions ensuring adaptive behaviors to an ever-changing and complex environment. More particularly, during my PhD research, I investigated the flexible adaptation between reactive and proactive control mechanisms in impulsive individuals, mainly from the general population but also from an alcohol-dependent population.The first three studies of my thesis revealed that high impulsivity was characterizedby a less-proactive cognitive control system, and associated with a weaker adaptation ofcognitive control mechanisms both to external demands and internal constraints. Morespecifically, I observed that high impulsive individuals less exert proactive control whileit should be favored given contextual or individual characteristics. In the fourth study inwhich EEG signals were recorded, we were interested in the brain activity that is typicallyobserved during errors (i.e., the ERN/Ne), which is thought to signal the need for control.A reduction in this brain activity was observed in high aggressive individuals, but notin high impulsive individuals. This finding suggest that the emergence of maladaptivebehaviors may be explained, to a certain extent, by the reduced alarm signal. Finally, somepreliminary results suggest a link between a peripheral index of physiological adaptation(i.e., HRV) and the capacity to adapt control mechanisms. These findings open newavenues for therapeutic interventions in the reduction in maladaptive behaviors.Overall, findings from the current thesis suggest that impulsivity in the general population is associated with a less proactive and a less flexible cognitive control system, potentially leading to inappropriate behaviors when the control mechanisms at play are maladapted
Tafuro, Alessandra. "Tracking Cognitive Control: How do we solve interference?" Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3422347.
Texto completoGleave, Rachel Anne. "An Electrophysiological Investigation of Emotional Attention and Memory Biases in Depression: The Role of Working Memory Inhibitory Control Deficits". Thesis, Griffith University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367702.
Texto completoThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Applied Psychology
Griffith Health
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Gonthier, Corentin. "Cognitive control in working memory : an individual differences approach based on the Dual Mechanisms of Control framework". Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENS035/document.
Texto completoThe constructs of working memory and cognitive control are conceptually close; a high working memory capacity is hypothesized to be associated with an efficient cognitive control. This hypothetical association has large implications for human cognition and provides an elegant explanation for the frequently reported relationship between working memory capacity and fluid intelligence. However, the difficulty in operationalizing and measuring cognitive control makes this hypothesis hard to test. One model of cognitive control, the Dual Mechanisms of Control (DMC) framework, constitutes a possible solution to this problem: the model proposes two distinct mechanisms of cognitive control which can be efficiently operationalized and studied. There is reason to believe that one of these two mechanisms, proactive control, is specifically related to working memory capacity. The objective of the present research work was to assess the relationship between individual differences in working memory capacity and the tendency to use proactive control. This relationship was tested in four steps: 1) by using innovative measures of the tendency to use proactive control, based on newly developed paradigms, 2) with classic cognitive control tasks sensitive to proactive control, 3) with a neuroimaging approach using electro-encephalography and functional magnetic resonance imaging, and 4) by testing whether the use of proactive control explains the relationship between working memory and fluid intelligence. Overall, our results did not support the idea that working memory capacity is uniquely related to the tendency to use proactive control; the data were more consistent with a general advantage of participants with a high working memory capacity in all situations
Bolívar, Díaz Nicolás. "Medium access control messaging scheme for cognitive radio networks". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/84098.
Texto completoTorresi, Elaine Cristina de Barros. "Bilinguismo tardio, sem imersão e receptivo em tarefas de controle cognitivo : uma análise comportamental e eletrofisiológica". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFABC, 2017.
Buscar texto completoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociência e Cognição, 2017.
Vantagens cognitivas do bilinguismo têm sido questionadas. Variáveis confundentes (i.e., idade, nível socioeconômico, imigração, etc.) e as múltiplas variáveis da experiência bilíngue poderiam explicar os diferentes achados da literatura. Neste estudo controlamos as variáveis confundentes e caracterizamos uma amostra bilíngue quanto à proficiência, balanceamento, idade e forma de aquisição, grau de imersão, frequência e padrão de uso da segunda língua (L2). Utilizamos o Paradigma Numérico de Stroop e avaliamos sob o ponto de vista comportamental e eletrofisiológico a influência do bilinguismo tardio, proficiente, não balanceado, sem imersão e receptivo em tarefas de controle inibitório (efeitos de interferência e Stroop) e flexibilidade mental (efeito de alternância ou custo local), dois aspectos centrais do controle cognitivo/funções executivas. Não encontramos vantagens quanto ao controle inibitório ou flexibilidade mental, observando apenas que bilíngues apresentaram no teste de Stroop, menores tempos de reação que monolíngues. Quanto à eletrofisiologia analisamos as componentes N200, N400 e P300, relacionadas de modo geral ao controle inibitório, processamento de conflitos e utilização de recursos atencionais, respectivamente. Não encontramos diferenças significantes entre os grupos. Nossos achados corroboram os de estudos realizados com adultos de outras nacionalidades e falantes de outras línguas. Discutimos as peculiaridades de nossa amostra como possível fator responsável pela ausência das vantagens. Esses bilíngues, apesar de altamente proficientes, vivem em contexto no qual predomina a L1. Assim, a frequência de alternância entre as línguas é rara e o uso da L2 é dominantemente receptivo (leitura e compreensão oral), sendo diferentes da maioria dos bilíngues adultos jovens descritos nos estudos em que se encontraram vantagens no controle cognitivo. Nossos resultados apontam: (1) a necessidade de que as pesquisas caracterizem de forma mais detalhada a amostra bilíngue no sentido de determinar como diferentes populações podem produzir diferentes resultados, (2) a possível importância da frequência de alternância entre as línguas no fortalecimento das funções executivas e (3) a necessidade de novos estudos que avaliem como o uso receptivo da L2 pode afetar a experiência bilíngue.
Cognitive advantages of bilingualism have been questioned. Confounding variables (i.e., age, socioeconomic level, immigration, etc.) and the multiple variables of bilingual experience could explain the different findings in the literature. In this study we controlled the confounding variables and characterized the bilingual sample regarding proficiency, balance, age and context of acquisition, immersion degree, frequency and pattern of L2 use. We used the Numerical Stroop Paradigm for evaluating the influence of late, proficient, non balanced, without immersion and receptive bilingualism in tasks of inhibitory control (interference and Stroop effects) and mental flexibility (local switching cost), two central aspects of cognitive control / executive functions. We did not find any advantages in inhibitory control or mental flexibility,only observing that bilinguals were faster than monolinguals in the Stroop test. Regarding electrophysiology, we analyzed N200, N400 and P300 components, related generally to inhibitory control, conflict processing and use of attentional resources, respectively. We did not find significant differences between groups. Our findings corroborate those of studies conducted with adults of other nationalities and speakers of other languages. We discuss the peculiarities of our sample as a possible factor responsible for the absence of advantages. These bilinguals, although highly proficient, live in a context in which L1 predominates. Thus, the frequency of language alternation is rare and the use of L2 is predominantly receptive (reading and listening comprehension), being different from most of the young adult bilinguals described in the studies that found advantages in cognitive control. Our results point out: (1) the need for studies to characterize the bilingual sample as broadly as possible to determine how different populations can produce different results; (2) the possible importance of frequency of switching between languages and (3) the need for further studies that assess how receptive L2 use may affect bilingual experience.
Molzhon, Andrea. "Exploring the Influence of Socioeconomic Status on the Executive Function and Theory of Mind Skills of Preschoolers". VCU Scholars Compass, 2016. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4226.
Texto completoClapp, Amanda Louise. "Investigating cognitive control in language switching". Thesis, University of Exeter, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/14106.
Texto completoLandry, Steven J. 1965. "Cognitive grouping in air traffic control". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/50550.
Texto completoIncludes bibliographical references (p. 83-87).
Subjects performing visual target tracking tasks have been shown to utilize perceptual organization. This organization has been shown to have both Gestalt features and goal-oriented features. Previous studies have attempted to use memory recall techniques to examine potential cognitive groupings in air traffic control tasks, with negative results. Analysis of eye movements has shown similar patterns of organization to the underlying visual tasks. Experiments were performed to evaluate whether recall or eye-tracking techniques can be used to extract perceptual groupings. Subjects' memory of scenario information is generally poor, except where significant manipulation of targets occurred. For this reason it is suggested that recall techniques may not be able to elicit subjects' cognitive groupings. Fixation data, however, indicates clustering consistent with Gestalt factors. Goal-oriented factors did not seem to affect grouping.
by Steven J. Landry.
S.M.
Zlotowitz, Sally Anne. "Cognitive control of internally-guided behaviours". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2006. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445969/.
Texto completoEssig, Fiona. "Cognitive control in verbal task switching". Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/16339.
Texto completoDoerr, C. "Local control of cognitive radio networks". Connect to online resource, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3337087.
Texto completoNigbur, Roland. "How conflict-specific is cognitive control?" Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16435.
Texto completoCognitive control refers to a set of mental abilities that allow us goal-directed behavior in everyday life and to flexibly adapt to permanently changing environmental demands. The goal of the present dissertation was to investigate whether core functions in the area of conflict monitoring, conflict control, error processing and behavioral adjustments caused by these processes are enabled via a unitary control network or whether specific mechanisms that are possibly realized via independent control loops are responsible for the flexibility of our adaptability. Study 1 and 2 investigate general as well as specific aspects of conflict and error processing by using classic conflict paradigms and time-frequency-analytic methods. Study 1 compares the modulation of theta activity (4-8 Hz) across 3 conflict paradigms (Simon, Flanker, NoGo) and roughly situates it within medial frontal cortex (MFC), a structure which has been characterized as crucial for conflict processing in manifold studies. The found theta activity has been used in study 2, to observe dynamic network activations during processing of stimulus and response conflicts. Data confirmed that a hypothesized network consisting of MFC, lateral prefrontal cortices and motor areas is involved in conflict resolution. In study 3 we used a Simon task which was executed either during a rewarding or a punishing context assessing the influence of motivational contexts on conflict adaptation revealing that conflict and error processing were influenced differentially by the context manipulation. Against previous assumptions, several neuronal control systems seem to be engaged during conflict resolution and resulting behavioral adjustments.
Crow, Kellie T. "Cognitive control, choice, and charity donation". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2018. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/122922/1/Kellie_Crow_Thesis.pdf.
Texto completoLongstaff, Jeffrey Scott. "Cognitive structures of kinesthetic space reevaluating Rudolf Laban's choreutics in the context of spatial cognition and motor control". Thesis, City University London, 1996. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/11876/.
Texto completoMaggio, Candice. "Le rôle du contrôle perçu dans la relation entre l’âge et la mémoire épisodique rétrospective et prospective". Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AZUR2018/document.
Texto completoPerceiving one’s own functioning as determined by one’s own actions and behaviors would be one of the key factors of successful cognitive aging. Perceived control would lead to sustained efforts to maintain a high level of cognitive performance despite advancing age, which would predict a positive evolution of cognitive abilities over time. Currently, many studies show that people with higher levels of sense of control have better memory performance than people who believe that events are beyond their control. Nevertheless, there is still a lack of empirical support concerning the hypothesis of a differential preservation of memory abilities as a function of levels of perceived control. Through three experimental studies and the validation of a new scale evaluating memory control beliefs, this thesis aimed to determine whether perceived control could make a positive contribution to memory aging and to identify the mechanisms that may explain the relationship between perceived control and episodic memory at different ages. Overall, our studies do not support the hypothesis that higher perceived control would moderate age-related differences in episodic memory. However, our work suggests that individuals, especially the older ones, who perceive their memory as controllable obtain better performance during memory tasks than those who perceive their memory as uncontrollable through greater and more efficient use of resource-demanding cognitive strategies
Ahmad, Rafat. "L'efficacité de la thérapie cognitive de pleine conscience chez des jeunes filles anorexiques". Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON30092/document.
Texto completoThe Mindfulness therapy is considered the new direction of cognitive behavioral therapy. It started mainly with the work of Kabat- Zinn (1979 - 2009) President of CFM Centre: Centre for Medicine in Mindefulness where he interested in managing stress using mindfulness. This study is an attempt to make the therapy of mindfulness as an independent therapy by itself is able to reduce disease symptoms and influence on personality to cognitive changes Profound. It targets to show that this type of therapy is far from being a simple tool to manage stress. Anorexia nervosa has been selected as pathology to be treated by this therapy, which held its session in patient hospitalized in Lyon and St. Etienne. The results showed that the treatment with the Mindfulness had reduced the pathological symptoms of anorexia nervosa (physical, emotional and cognitive), and that patients, after therapy, had became with a locus of control internal Compared with the beginning of treatment, and with the control group, they used less the coping emotional and coping problem and coping social support compared with the start of therapy and the control group
Pomportes-Castagnet, Laura. "Influence de stratégies nutritionnelles sur le fonctionnent cognitif au cours d’une sollicitation physiologique". Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AZUR4057/document.
Texto completoIn sport and exercise activities, successful performances strongly depend on the ability to simultaneously carry out cognitive and physical demands. More precisely, it would seem that performance is frequently influenced by the efficacy of decision-making realized under strong temporal pressure. The aim of this thesis work is to assess the effect of nutritional supplements that is carbohydrate, caffeine and guarana on cognitive functions during an acute exercise. Overall, our results suggest that ingestion of these three supplements enhance speed of information processing during a decision-making task at the end of exercise. Additionally, caffeine mouth rinsing seems worthwhile since a likely enhancement of inhibition processes has been reported after use during exercise. Finally, a decrease of perceived exertion has been reported with caffeine and guarana ingestion along with carbohydrate mouth rinsing. In conclusion, our results indicate the potentiation of exercise effects on cognitive function. Furthermore, they suggest nutritional supplements could enhance cognitive processes during exercise in what may be a predictive factor of performance enhancement
Free, Matthew Lee. "Testing the Cognitive Control Model of Pathological Worry Using Objective Measures of Cognitive Control and Autonomic Arousal". The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1483459077464123.
Texto completoBradford, Elisabeth E. F. "From self to social cognition : a new paradigm to study differentiations within the Theory of Mind mechanism and their relation to executive functioning". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/12005.
Texto completoGuérin, Clément. "Gestion de contraintes et expertise dans les stratégies d'ordonnancement". Thesis, Rennes 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REN20025/document.
Texto completoOnly a few research works in psychology are devoted to scheduling, for example about planning tasks, workers and machines occupation in the shop. In the literature, schedulers are mainly described from the procedural viewpoint. For describing scheduling activity, we adopted the complementary representational viewpoints in terms of constraints management. Two scheduling situations have been studied: timetabling and industrial scheduling. By comparing novices and experts, we observed that the latter used constraints visible on the timetable or on the Gantt chart, to solve the scheduling problem. Moreover, experts used a higher level of abstraction than novices in the control of processing. Finally, we highlighted the similarities and differences between industrial scheduling and timetabling. In addition, we conducted a multidisciplinary study from a previous work in the field of operational research by evaluating a scheduling tool. We investigated the effect of the mutual control modality on human scheduling decisions, and the management of breakdowns risks in a shop by schedulers
Sayan, Stephanie. "Investigating the link between intrusive memories and cognitive control". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/15655.
Texto completoFederman, Asaf. "From a self that controls to self-control : paradigm shifts in early Buddhism and in cognitive science". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2008. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2271/.
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