Literatura académica sobre el tema "Climat – Simulation par ordinateur"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Climat – Simulation par ordinateur"
Meadeb, Jean, Gerard Chales, Patrice Burgevin, Philippe Ingels, Rene Pedrono, Jean-Michel Roger, Catherine Frangeul, Marie-Jo Pedrono y Pierre Lenoir. "Apprentissage du diagnostic médical par simulation sur ordinateur (AEDM)". Medical Informatics 11, n.º 2 (enero de 1986): 167–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14639238609001369.
Texto completoAumont, Gilles. "Simulation du risque d’infestation de bovins par des trichostrongylides dans un Climat tropical humide". Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 46, n.º 1-2 (1 de enero de 1993): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.9369.
Texto completoDiallo-Dudek, Julita, Thibaut Vairet, Yves Richard, Thomas Thevenin, Nadège Martiny, Julien Pergaud, Damien Roy et al. "Cartographier la végétation et les Local Climate Zone dans six agglomérations de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté". Climatologie 20 (2023): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/climat/202320002.
Texto completoTécher, Magalie, Hassan Ait Haddou y Rahim Aguejdad. "Îlot de chaleur urbain et application territoriale en France : revue des méthodes de simulation numérique". Climatologie 20 (2023): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/climat/202320006.
Texto completoCrétat, Julien, Yves Richard, Olivier Planchon, Justin Emery, Melissa Poupelin, Mario Rega, Julien Pergaud et al. "Impact de la topographie et de la circulation atmosphérique sur l’îlot de chaleur urbain en situation de canicule (Dijon, France)". Climatologie 20 (2023): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/climat/202320010.
Texto completoSerhir, N. y C. Marche. "La simulation assistée par ordinateur dans le contrôle et l'utilisation optimale des ressources hydriques". Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 19, n.º 3 (1 de junio de 1992): 432–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l92-052.
Texto completoBretagne, Geneviève, Julia Hidalgo, Sinda Haouès-Jouve, Guillaume Dumas, Lise Debrye, Aurélie Hanna y Valéry Masson. "Enjeux de l’adaptation à la chaleur en ville et action publique : apports de l’interdisciplinarité et de la recherche-action - Cas de la métropole toulousaine". Climatologie 20 (2023): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/climat/202320007.
Texto completoCharness, Neil. "Psychological Models of Aging: How, Who, and What? A Comment". Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement 14, n.º 1 (1995): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0714980800010503.
Texto completoGivron, Hélène y Martin Desseilles. "Entraînement aux compétences communicationnelles : évaluation d’un débriefing et analyse de son lien avec le sentiment d’efficacité personnelle et les attitudes d’étudiants en médecine". Pédagogie Médicale 20, n.º 4 (2019): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/pmed/2020018.
Texto completoCamarero, R., L. Granger, C. Marche, M. Soulié y R. Tinawi. "L'intégration en conception assistée par ordinateur pour les projets pluridisciplinaires de génie civil". Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 15, n.º 6 (1 de diciembre de 1988): 990–1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l88-131.
Texto completoTesis sobre el tema "Climat – Simulation par ordinateur"
Labarre, Vincent. "Représentation des processus sous-mailles dans les modèles simplifiés de climat : maximisation de la production d'entropie et modélisation stochastique". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASJ001.
Texto completoLike any numerical model, the models usually used to simulate the climate system have a finite resolution, linked to the size of the grid cells on which the model equations are integrated. For a large part of the problems raised in climatology, the mesh size remains, and will surely remain, much larger than the smallest scale necessary for the integration of the equations. This problem appears in particular in the representation of the smallest vortices of atmospheric and oceanic flows. To correct the undesirable effects linked to the lack of resolution, it is necessary to introduce a model for the sub-grid phenomena. The usual approaches generally introduce parameters which are difficult to calibrate in the context of the study of the climate and do not always manage to agree with the observations. One of the central questions of the numerical simulation of the climate system is therefore to find the right sub-grid modeling method(s). Two approaches are investigated to resolve this problem.The first is the construction of simplified climate models based on the energy balance and the Maximization of Entropy Production (MEP) as the closure hypothesis. This approach has the particularity to not introduce additional parameters to represent the processes modeled with MEP. We show that a minimal description of the dynamics in a radiative-convective model using the MEP hypothesis allows us to represent the most important aspects of atmospheric convection. The MEP hypothesis is extended to represent time-dependent problems by applying this hypothesis only to the fast components of a system. This result opens the possibility of using this type of model to represent the seasonal cycle.The second approach consists in implementing a sub-grid analysis and modeling method in a simple system: a diffusive lattice-gas. The temporal variation of the coarse-grained flow of particles at different scales is analyzed before being modeled by statistical physics methods. The sub-grid model, constructed without adding any additional parameters, is based on a local stochastic relaxation equation of the particle current. The analysis method is then used to study the dynamics of vorticity in the Von-Karman flow
Houmed-Gaba, Abdourahman. "Hydrogéologie des milieux volcaniques sous climat aride : caractérisation sur site expérimental et modélisation numérique de l'aquifère basaltique de Djibouti (Corne de l'Afrique)". Poitiers, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009POIT2266.
Texto completoThe Djibouti aquifer is constituted by fractured basalts and scoria of 1 to 9My old, intercalated by sediments layers. It is localised in a coastal area under semi-arid conditions. This aquifer is exploited over 15 millions m3/year for Djibouti town water supply. A hydrogeological research site which includes by now 11 wells was set up on the aquifer, over 1 hectare area. Lithological logs of the wells show scoria underlying fractured basalt. Electrical conductivity profiles performed on the research site wells show fresh groundwater overlying at places brackish water. Slug tests were conducted on the fractured basalts, using Hvorslev (1951) and Bouwer & Rice (1976) solutions. Long term pumping tests were conducted to characterise the scoria. An estimation of the average hydraulic conductivity is thus obtained for the fractured basalts (K=10-8m/s) and for the scoria (K=10-2m/s). The long term tests have been interpreted using the semi-confined Hantush-Jacob model (1955) which showed that the scorias are under leaky conditions. The chemical analyses results, using multivariate statistical tools (factorial analysis) show three types of water, chloride water, sulphate group and bicarbonate type. A numerical modelling is elaborated using the pilot points methodology in conjunction with the PEST non-linear parameter estimation and regularisation functionality. The water balance showed that the exploitation of this aquifer has reached a crucial limit and cannot be increased without serious risks of degrading its resources
Prianto, Eddy. "Modélisation des écoulements et analyse architecturale de performances de l'espace habitable en climat tropical humide". Nantes, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NANT2037.
Texto completoBossuet, Cécile. "Étude du transport vertical de quantité de mouvement dans le modèle troposphérique-stratosphérique ARPEGE-climat". Toulouse, INPT, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPT004H.
Texto completoNahon, Raphaël. "Modélisation des échanges radiatifs à l'échelle urbaine pour un urbanisme bioclimatique". Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL10130/document.
Texto completoThe main objective of this work is to evaluate the bioclimatism of an urban project at its early stages: its capacity to harness daylight, the energy efficiency of the projected building and the thermal comfort of the outdoor environment. A first proposal for the exterior geometry is made in the mass plan. At this stage, buildings are commonly represented as mass blocks. Architectural details, such as windows shapes, interior coatings or wall composition are not defined, and daylighting inside the buildings or thermal behavior of their envelope are impossible to model. Nevertheless, we show that it is possible to evaluate as soon as in the mass plan the impact of the exterior radiative sources on the bioclimatism of the project. The concepts of sufficient and useful luminances and radiant temperatures are introduced. The first two criteria traduce the percentage of the year in which an outside luminous source induces a convenient illuminance inside the buildings; the third one traduces the impact of an outside radiative source on the heating and cooling of the outside surfaces and the outdoor thermal comfort. We analyze their distribution on the sky vault and highlight its variability under different climates. The final objective of this thesis is to propose a software likely to lead the urban planners in their search of bioclimatic urban forms: ensuring daylight access inside the buildings, energy efficiency and outdoor thermal comfort
Touzé-Peiffer, Ludovic. "Paramétrisation de la convection atmosphérique dans les modèles numériques de climat - Pratiques et enjeux épistémologiques". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2021SORUS539.pdf.
Texto completoHistorically, general circulation models have played a crucial role in warning policy makers and the general public of future climate change. However, in recent years, there has been a growing debate in the scientific community about the dominant paradigm on which these models have been developed: in particular, parameterizations, which are supposed to represent climate-relevant processes that are not resolved at the scale of the model grid, are sometimes questioned. The objective of our thesis is to conduct an epistemological analysis of parameterizations, focusing on the parameterizations used to represent atmospheric convection. The latter are sometimes based on the distinction between an environment and certain coherent atmospheric structures that we will call ``objects". We first look at the use of such objects in atmospheric science and at their role in our understanding of convection. We then focus on parametrizations themselves, and explain in which context convective parameterizations emerged, what were their historical motivations and how their formalism can be interpreted and justified today. We also question the status and the role of the tuning of free parameters contained in parameterizations. Finally, we expand our reflection to the comparison of several general circulation models in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP). The historical role and structural effects CMIP has had on climate research are analyzed
Niane, Papa Massar. "Modélisation de la méningite bactérienne dans l'interface Environnement-Climat-Société par approche multi-agents : cas d'application au Sénégal". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS535.
Texto completoBacterial meningitis presents a real modeling challenge for the scientific community due to its multiscalar nature, factors of different natures to be taken into account (climate, environment, demographic, societal and biological factors at the individual level). As part of this thesis, we have developed a model called MenAfriSIM™ which takes into account temperature, dust through a COefficient of Meningitis Invasion and Development for Environmental eXposure (COMIDEX) which takes spatialized environmental data from remote sensing and of model. This is the first time that a coefficient that can encompass several climatic and environmental factors has been proposed with the aim of integrating them into a transmission model for meningitis. The model also has a spatial interaction model that takes into account interurban mobility. MenAfriSIM™ is an explanatory model of meningitis cases at the interurban scale in a western Sahel context marked by a relative reduction in the risk of meningitis, as in the case of Senegal. The modeling of a system as complex as meningitis makes it possible to adopt a multi-agent approach. The model was tested during the 2012 season, the analysis of health data from the Ministry of Health confirming the particular nature of this season with a record number of cases. The evaluation of the model showed a good performance of this one with more than half of the total variability of the cases of meningitis explained by the model (R2 = 0.53) and almost a third of the case variability (R2 = 0.29) explained temperature and dust. The model showed that the number of cases of meningitis remains strongly correlated with demography otherwise the municipalities most affected by meningitis are found in the most populated municipalities while the risk of meningitis is more present in areas where the footprint climatic and environmental is dominant. The areas where the risk of meningitis is greater are the north of the country. The "meningitis trizone" reflects the north-south gradient of the risk of meningitis which decreases through the center of the country. These results have been confirmed by the literature on the country's climatic domains and by the exploration of the model carried out over the 2013 season. However, additional studies should be considered over a longer period. The results suggest increased surveillance of the northern part of the country, the starting point of the risk of meningitis and consideration of zoning and the spread time of meningitis from one area to another (2 to 3 weeks) in early warning systems
Voldoire, Aurore. "Prise en compte des changements de végétation dans un scénario climatique du XXIème siècle". Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30024.
Texto completoThe main objective of this work has been to run a climate simulation of the 21st century that includes not only greenhouse gases and aerosols emitted by human activity but also land-use and land-cover changes. To achieve this goal, the integrated impact model IMAGE2. 2 (developed at RIVM, The Netherlands) was used, which simulates the evolution of greenhouse gases concentrations as well as land-cover changes. This model has been coupled to the general circulation model ARPEGE/OPA provided by the CNRM. Before coupling the models, sensitivity experiments with each model have been performed to test their respective sensitivity to the forcing of the other. Ultimately, a simulation with the two models coupled together has shown that interactions between climate and vegetation are not of primary importance for century scale studies
Guillemot, Hélène. "La modélisation du climat en France des années 1970 aux années 2000 : histoire, pratiques, enjeux politiques". Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0149.
Texto completoOur thesis relates to the history of climate modelling from the end of the nineteen sixties to the beginning of this century, focusing on the modelling practices in the two centres developing a climate model in France: the Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (LMD) from the CNRS (and the Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, a fédération of laboratories in and around Paris) and the national organism for vveather forecast, Météo-France. Starting with the first numerical climate models, we trace the évolution of modelling at LMD and Météo-France, and compare the institutions, the carecrs of the researchers and the very différent ways of working in thèse two organisms, determined by their institutional cultures. We describe several modelling practices, in particular the parametrization and validation of models by data, and we analyse the specificities of the scientific practices related to the use of computer. Returning to a critical transitional period in the history of modelling in France, the beginning of the nineties, whcn institutional and scientific reconfigurations allowed coupling of models and simulations of future climate, we analyse the way French modellers confronted the problem of climate change, especially the contribution to IPCC climate prévisions. Finally, we address the expansion of climate modelling to « Earth System », integrating other environments, cycles and interactions, and we discuss the mutations that thèse changes are generating in the working practices of modellisers
Sicard, Marie. "Modéliser les évolutions du climat de l'Arctique et de la calotte groenlandaise pendant le dernier interglaciaire pour en comprendre les mécanismes". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPASJ017.
Texto completoThe Last Interglacial (129 -116 ka BP) is one of the warmest periods in the last 800 ka at many locations. This period is characterized by a strong orbital forcing leading to a different seasonal and latitudinal distribution of insolation compared to today. These changes in insolation result in a temperature increase in the high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere and a rise in sea level of 6 to 9 m above present. Therefore, the Last Interglacial represents a good case study given the risks of melting ice sheets under the influence of current and future warming. It is also an opportunity to identify and quantify the mechanisms causing polar amplification in a warmer climate than today.Within the framework of the CMIP6-PMIP4 model intercomparison project, I analyzed the lig127k snapshot run with the IPSL-CM6A-LR climate model. In the Arctic region (60-90°N), the insolation variations induce an annual warming of 0.9°C compared to the pre-industrial period (1850) reaching up to 4.0°C in autumn. Investigate changes in the Arctic energy budget relative to the pre-industrial period highlights the crucial roles of changes in the sea ice cover, ocean heat storage and clouds optical properties in the Last Interglacial Arctic warming.As a result of climate change over the Last Interglacial, the GRISLI ice sheet model simulates a Greenland ice loss of 10.7-57.1%, corresponding to a sea level rise of 0.83-4.35 m and a 0.2°C additional warming in the Arctic region. These estimates illustrate the crucial role of polar ice sheets in the climate system. To better assess ice sheet-climate feedbacks in the Arctic, I have therefore carried out a preliminary study using the ICOLMDZOR model that includes the new dynamical core DYNAMICO developed at the IPSL. This study shows that the use of high-resolution atmospheric fields improves the calculation of the surface mass balance in Greenland.Finally, the comparison between past and future Arctic energy budget reveals that the processes causing Arctic warming during the Last Interglacial and the near future are similar
Libros sobre el tema "Climat – Simulation par ordinateur"
1942-, Boardman John, Favis-Mortlock David 1953-, North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Scientific Affairs Division. y NATO Advanced Research Workshop "Global Change: Modelling Soil Erosion by Water" (1995 : University of Oxford), eds. Modelling soil erosion by water. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1998.
Buscar texto completoSimulating nature: A philosohpical study of computer-simulation uncertainties and their role in climate science and policy advice. 2a ed. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis, 2012.
Buscar texto completo(Canada), Northern Forestry Centre, ed. Assessing potential biophysical and socioeconomic impacts of climate change on forest-based communities: A methodological case study. Edmonton: Northern Forestry Centre, 2008.
Buscar texto completoSmyth, C. E. Decreasing uncertainty in CBM-CFS3 estimates of forest soil carbon sources and sinks through use of long-term data from the Canadian Intersite Decomposition Experiment. Victoria, B.C: Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Pacific Forestry Centre, 2010.
Buscar texto completoTrigeassou, J. Cl. Recherche de modèles expérimentaux assistée par ordinateur. Toulouse: Langage et informatique, 1988.
Buscar texto completoRiopel, Martin. Conception et mises à l'essai d'un environnement d'apprentissage intégrant l'expérimentation assistée par ordinateur et la simulation assistée par ordinateur. [Repentigny, QC]: Martin Riopel, 2005.
Buscar texto completoChevrier, Jacques. L' ordinateur, outil d'apprentissage. Hull, Qué: Université du Québec à Hull, 1985.
Buscar texto completoFundamentals of performance modeling. New York: Macmillan Pub. Co., 1989.
Buscar texto completoNeelamkavil, Francis. Computer simulation and modelling. Chichester [Sussex, England]: Wiley, 1987.
Buscar texto completoTreuil, Jean-Pierre. Modélisation et simulation à base d'agents: Exemples commentés, outils informatiques et questions théoriques. Paris: Dunod, 2008.
Buscar texto completoActas de conferencias sobre el tema "Climat – Simulation par ordinateur"
Elmoutawakkil, N., S. Bouzoubaa, S. Bellemkhannate y I. Benyahya. "Flux de travail du guidage tridimensionnel en chirurgie orale". En 66ème Congrès de la SFCO. Les Ulis, France: EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/sfco/20206602005.
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