Tesis sobre el tema "Clergé – France – 19e siècle"
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Gicquel, Jean-François. "Le Concordat en Bretagne (1801-1879) : Clergé et administration". Rennes 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000REN10413.
Texto completoGilbert, Jean-Gatien. "Lire au presbytère. Les bibliothèques du clergé concordataire en France (1802-1914)". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUL075.
Texto completoThough ecclesiastical libraries of modern period have been frequently subject of studies, however the 19th century clergy ones are little known, especially for the mass of parish priests on whom this work focuses. Based on a corpus of private libraries of 650 members of secular clergy died betwenn 1802 and 1914 in five French dioceses – Troyes, Cahors, Chartres, Rennes and Avigon – chosen for the variety of situations they present from political, religious and social points of view, this thesis aims at giving an intellectual portrait of the 19th century clergy. It is organized around three axis: the first axe aspires to explain the role of books in the construction of ecclesiastical character, as a symbol as well as an object present in priest's day-to-day life. The second axe intends to reconstruct the factors that led clergymen to read, and allow to identify hypothetical intellectual differences in the clergy, so that we may have a better understanding of networks which shaped the clergy's culture. The third axe, this thesis will endeavour to put forward the intellectual references of the clergy, and of their evolution. It aims at understanding clergy's opinions in debates within the abundant and various conflicts of this tumultuous century, and also to have a glimpse at the ecclesiastical personnal tastes. Belonging both to religious History and to the History of libraries, this work wants to appreciate the culture on which is based 19th century Catholicism through the books read, bought and possessed by the clergy
Lee, Sung-Jae. "Images de la pauvreté et quête du salut chez les ecclésiastiques aux XVIe et XVIIe siècles". Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0058.
Texto completoIn the 16th and the 17th centuries, the clergy is trying to reaffirm the sacred image of the poor and to attenuate the conflict between the poor and the rich. That makes us re-examine the "imprisonment" of the poor of this time. The idea of charity is reflected well in the bequests to hospitals, to poor children and to poor prisoners. The idea of piety seen in the testator's mention of "poor parents", in the legacies to servants and to confraternity also indeed show the attempt of harmonization of the social stability. With regard to the symbol of poverty, the "poor" as a qualitative, the special figure (five, twelve, thirty three), the contents (bread, clothing, bed), the funeral procession and the cemetery of Saints-Innocents give us a sacred image of poverty. Charity towards the poor can offer a way to better understand the society of 16th and 17th centuries in the idea of "inclusion" rather than "exclusion"
Gicquel, Samuel. "Prêtres de Bretagne : les carrières ecclésiastiques dans les diocèses de Saint-Brieuc et de Vannes (1801-1905)". Rennes 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006REN20031.
Texto completoAs early as the end of Restoration, the profusion of priests in the Breton dioceses of Saint-Brieuc and Vannes resulted in the blocking of clerical careers, especially in Upper Brittany. It led to a diversification of the trajectories a priest could aspire to. A wide erudition, the management of charities, or holding several offices were other ways leading to clerical notability. Benefiting from favourable circumstances, bishops increased their hierarchical control of the clergy. Given the amount of competition, a priest aspiring to a successful career had no choice other than to abide by his bishop's decisions and to become the all round clergyman, unless he could rely on family connections, his own cultural capital or a dense social network. In both dioceses, ecclesiastical careers were markedly influenced by cultural borders. Memories of former dioceses remained vivid for several decades before fading out in the second half of the century when the new diocesan framework settled in
Tabbagh, Vincent. "Le clergé séculier du diocèse de Rouen à la fin du Moyen-Age (1359-1493)". Paris 4, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA040100.
Texto completoThe secular clergy of the Rouen diocese at the end of the middle ages appears as a powerful and efficient organization, quite firmly supervised by the archbishop, with various and numerous staffs, recruited on the whole society and enjoying large incomes. Under the influence of the pontifical power and academic knowledges, it distinguishes itself gradually, through its behaviours, from the rest of the society, while maintaining close ties, cultural for instance, with the class it stemmed from, in the bosom of which it continues to leave and for which it represents the quasi only intercessor with the holy and the hereafter. Retaining for a long time a provincial and traditional system of believes and representations, it is not very affected by the great debates in the bosom of the church; it is in return by the political conflicts of the period : its favourable behaviour towards the English occupation brings it a loss of influence, on a national scale, after 1450, which it knows offset however through strengthened ties with the local elite of Normandy. Its fortune and vitality allow it to contribute to the economical rise of the region, in particular through its investments and loans
Combalbert, Grégory. "Gouverner l'église : Évêques et paroisses dans la province ecclésiastique de Rouen (v. 1050-1280". Caen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CAEN1575.
Texto completoEpiscopal government of the diocese and of the parish churches has recently been studied in several regions of North-Western Europe. Normandy had been staying apart from these studies. This thesis aims at explaining the way Episcopal power has been built over parish churches in the province of Rouen between the XIth and the XIIIth centuries. Three main steps must be distinguished. Before 1130, in spite of the first attempts permitting a control of the bishop over parish clerics, Episcopal power over churches is still badly established and often contested. At this moment, the destiny of churches and their priests is essentially the matter of lay aristocracy and Benedictine monks. It is only during the period 1130-1180 that a generation of dynamic and reforming bishops have Episcopal authority recognised everywhere, and develop important juridical and institutional innovations, in order to redefine lay rights over churches and to institute a real Episcopal control over parish benefices. The impact of these innovations is perfectly sensible only after 1180 : if Episcopal power is consequently reinforced, social relations around churches are not deeply modified. Religious and lay men adapt themselves to maintain their influence over the clerks and their rights over parish revenues. It is at the same time, in the context of Latran IV, that pastoral preoccupations emerge more precisely, partly to correct abuses provoked by the evolutions of the XIIth century : the quality of the cure of souls and of the parish service is then put forward
Viallet, Ludovic. "Groupes cléricaux et monde des lai͏̈cs à Romans (vers 1280 - vers 1530) : une société en équilibre". Grenoble 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE29027.
Texto completoAngelo, Vladimir. "Les curés de Paris au XVIème siècle". Paris 10, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA100010.
Texto completoThis research work is meant to advance the historian's knowledge of the Paris priets action in the 16th century, an age of intense religious reformation, and help our readers understand how, as actors of the pastoral revival that characterized that age, boosted as it was by the Parish bishops, they fulfilled their mission and managed to fit in with the city's life. This dissertation falls into three parts plus a prosophical supplement. I first study the structures within which the Paris priests fulfilled their mission : the city, the parishes, the diocese. I also go into conflicting relationships that developed between the episcopal authority and the chapters, the edicts enforced by synods. Then, I study the Paris priets' social and geographical backgrouds, and how they could get access to their position. I also study how they were trained, religiously and intellectually. To finish with, I focus on the part they came to play within their own parishes, how they coped with their duties,and the stakes they had in power matters, within their relationship with paris clergymen and church wardens, their status within the urban communauty, and their lifestyle. .
Rideau, Gaël. "De la religion de tous à la religion de chacun. Les hommes face à l'église et à la religion à Orléans au XVIIIe siècle (1667-1791)". Orléans, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ORLE1062.
Texto completoFrom curves of ordinations to the study of the religious stamp in the domestic space, a transition of the religious life in Orleans stands out. It expresses itself by a laicisation of the people's view upon the clergy. Collective devotions and parish-life still crucial, but they change. The parish carries an economical logic as much as a religious one. Nevertheless, in the same time, a thrust draws up. Testament illustrates an individual remaking with a movement of gestures and discourses to the family-life. The birth of a religious-domestic complex completes this associating pious objects, pictures and books. Jansenism and Enlightenment are crucial in this movement. In this way, they may be bound. Therefore, in the eighteenth century Orleans, the religion did not know a dechristianisation, but a secularisation, that is to say a passage of the vitality toward a more individual logic
Deniel-Ternant, Myriam. "Écclésiastiques en débauche : la déviance sexuelle du clergé français au XVIIIe siècle, au crible des sources parisiennes". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100030.
Texto completoDuring the 18th century, thanks to the efforts of the post-tridentine catholic church, the Clergy seems to be better trained, more educated and have a more ethical conduct, as confirms the figure of the “Good Priest” in French literature. Various sources from the archives of the Bastille, parliament and ecclesiastical courts reveal that a substantial number of clergy members had a deviant behavior. Some Clerics transgress chastity rules and engage in casual or regular intercourse with servants, other men or prostitutes. They are subsequently closely kept under close surveillance by their parishioners, fellow priests, hierarchy or by the police. The corpus studied has permitted to highlight their sexual practices as well as the geography of the places of debauchery in the city. It also revealed the existence of several threshold effects and the ensuing scandals, court cases and repression, which were essential for society to be reconciled with its Clergy
Pugnière, François. "Clergé et encadrement clérical en Cévennes de la Révocation à la Révolution : le diocèse d'Alès. 1687-1791". Montpellier 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON30061.
Texto completoBrought about by direct consequences of the revocation of the edit of Nantes, in a difficult international political context, the diocese of Alès were an answer for the necessity to confirm new converts in the catholic faith, within the framework of the movement of Reformation and Counter-Reformation undertaken since the beginning of the XVIIth century by bishops of Nîmes. Land of missions, “ l'evesché des Sévennes ” became thus the action place of monks, companies of priests and other seculars, contrasting with the unequal zeal of the parochial clergy, while very early refusal of religious practice asserted themselves by new converts who were in fact very little converted. At a pastoral of conversion, founded on the salutary constraint and “ voyes de la rigueur ”, less extent in the days following the war of Camisards, followed in the middle of years 1750 an abandonment of “ frères errants ” and a refocus on the faithful herd, whereas the diocesan clergy, formed much rigorous, had internalised in depth the post-tridentin ecclesiology. Troubled by tensions and currents which went through Church of France in the XVIIIth century, these priests were in conformity with modalities brought out by the majority of studies in religious sociology conducted these thirty last years, but having its own specificities in this space of religious frontier, where protestants represented two thirds of populations. At the end of a century of clerical control did to emerge patterns of behaviour which bring out the totality of the XIXth century and the first half of the XXth century
Massoni, Anne. "Le clergé parisien à la fin du Moyen-Age : la communauté canoniale de Saint-Germain l'Auxerrois de 1382 à 1510". Paris 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA040217.
Texto completoThe choir's clergy of Saint-Germain l'Auxerrois in Paris was an institution made up with a chapter of canons and a society of clerics assistant. Its institutionnal organization dates from the XIIIth century. Concerning the patrimony's administration, it made use of the idea of common interest, which must prevail over particular interest. .
Wenzel, Éric. "Contribution à l'histoire du clergé paroissial d'Ancien Régime : l'exemple du diocèse de Dijon au XVIIIe siècle". Dijon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996DIJOL020.
Texto completoThe Dijon parochial clergy develops itself into a small diocese of 156 parishes created lately (1731). Most of the priests come from the artisans and low middle classes of the the buroundian captital. Their roots are mainly urban roots till the last third of the period. After that time, the increasing number of country priests hardly changes the recrutement sociology : the artisans still provides members with the low clergy. After 1750, the diocese doesn't go through real vocation crisis. The clerics are still in sufficient number for proposed livings. Paradoxally, a high percentage of foreign priests (30%) invaded the bishopric. The clerics are educated in the jesuit college of Dijon while the seminaires hold by the oratoire haven't many lecturers because of the will of bishops. Favourable to the Jesus company. The clergy is divided among priests from the western plateau (the Dijon mountain) and the richest priets from the saone plain and the provincial capital. As a result a great disparity in conditions, with a great majority of congruists (80%) and a life of small notables in the countryside. The parochial clergy carries out with its heavy spiritual anw wordly duties. The ecclesiastical criminality is declining. The royal power uses them against the lords. Notability conflicts are frequent. In 1791, a small majority of the Dijon clergy votes the constitution of the clergy (51%), but the priests remain quite out of any political commitment until the concordat
Lemaître, Nicole. "Paroisses du Rouergue flamboyant : le clergé et les paroisses du diocèse de Rodez (1417-1563)". Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010606.
Texto completoDeniel-Ternant, Myriam. "Écclésiastiques en débauche : la déviance sexuelle du clergé français au XVIIIe siècle, au crible des sources parisiennes". Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100030.
Texto completoDuring the 18th century, thanks to the efforts of the post-tridentine catholic church, the Clergy seems to be better trained, more educated and have a more ethical conduct, as confirms the figure of the “Good Priest” in French literature. Various sources from the archives of the Bastille, parliament and ecclesiastical courts reveal that a substantial number of clergy members had a deviant behavior. Some Clerics transgress chastity rules and engage in casual or regular intercourse with servants, other men or prostitutes. They are subsequently closely kept under close surveillance by their parishioners, fellow priests, hierarchy or by the police. The corpus studied has permitted to highlight their sexual practices as well as the geography of the places of debauchery in the city. It also revealed the existence of several threshold effects and the ensuing scandals, court cases and repression, which were essential for society to be reconciled with its Clergy
Drevet, Richard. "Lai͏̈ques de France et missions catholiques au XIXème : l'Oeuvre de la Propagation de la Foi, origines et développement lyonnais (1822-1922)". Lyon 2, 2002. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2002/drevet_r.
Texto completoIn 1822, the Church of France was carrying on with the re-establishement of its dioceses while, at the same time, prelates from America were scouring the country looking for financial aids. It was an underground Lyons-based Congregation of pity having special ties with these foreign priests who took upon itself to meet their needs setting up the Society Propagation of the Faith. A wide-scale donation system was set up known as the "missions weekly offering", instigated by Pauline Jaricot. In no time at all, the affluent Association was in a position to finance the general expansion of the catholic religion throughout the world. Although it was a non-religious association, it needed the approval of Rome. From then on, its future development in the course of the century had to take into account the growing missionary interest of Rome. At a local level (Lyons) the study shows how dependent the Society was on the ecclesiastic management in the parishes, but it also evaluates the religious vitality of a micro society made up of royalist notables. This was how the missionary Association was able to integrate a complex process of social identification. Moreover, compiling and the distribution of morally-enlightening works (such as Annals, Catholic missions, and so on) gave the laymen the power to stage-manage the Mission and to control its productions, when the allotment of various missions around the globe concerning the collection of funds guaranteed them a real influence on the Churches overseas. The study also highlights their determination to extend their influence over all the catholic universe. Yet, the history of missionary life reports that at precisely the same moment procedures for papal centralisation and the clericalisation of the ecclesiastical system were being intensified. Finally, in 1922, owing to the transfer of the management of the Association to Rome, under the supervision of the De Propaganda Fide Congregation, the demands for autonomy made by the Lyons notables were put to a stop and this wiped out their influence on the missionary process
Lajaumont, Stéphane. "Un pas de deux : clercs et paroissiens en Limousin : vers 1660-1789". Limoges, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIMO2012.
Texto completoIn the Limousin, from 1660 to 1789, catholic Reform took off gently, in the devotional habits of the faithful. The demanding training, in the tradition of Saint Sulpice, of priests in the seminaries of Limoges (from 1660) and Tulle (from 1697) could easily have led to the rapid domination of the Church and a possible split with the population. This did not, however, happen. On the contrary, while puttting forward claims for the exceptional nature fo priesthood and maintaining a distance from the faithful, the Limousin clergy managed to pass on a renewed faith to a largely illiterate population, without causing the slightest religious breach. So it was that hope preached from the pulpit, in terms of possible salvation for all. In the same way, parish ground was only modified slightly, and mostly with the agreement of parishioners. The same was true of devotional practices during processions and in the life of brotherhoods. The Church favoured a community expression of belief, under the leadership of the clergy, without rejecting traditional practices, unless these were perceived as directyl harmful. The practices were simply given their proper place in the hierarchy of intercession to God. In the Limousin, from the second half of the 17th century until the Revolution, the church, then, made the choice of fitting its pastoral scheme into the framework of a society strongly influenced by collective references or commitments
Foxonet, François. "L'esglesia i la catalanitat a la Catalunya del nord : segle XIX-primera part del segle XX". Perpignan, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PERP0784.
Texto completoIn Northern Catalonia, despite the cultural revolution intent and, after the Concordat, despite the French ambient in the religious reconstruction, at the beginning of the XIXth century the religion was well integrated in the Catalan culture and represented the quasi exclusivity in the Catalan edition. From the middle of the century, the materialistic progress euphoria, the school generalisation, the cultural Jacobinism and the acculturation desire in the society will feed the French imposition. But taking into account that the public school excluded Catalan and religion, a part of the young clerics joined the First Catalan Renaissance. They were more concerned by the people salvation in his natural language than by the Nation political and cultural unification. But this clerical defence catalanisme loosed its aggressiveness after the peace intent with the Republic. Arrived in 1900 with a historical reparation spirit, Mgr de Carsalade wanted to keep the natural harmony between Religion, Earth and Culture. He encouraged the Second Catalan Renaissance. But the catalanisme became more and more laic and the revival generated by the bishop will be the religious catalanisme ultimate song. Today the local Church does not have the desire and the strength necessary for the religion re-enculturation and only can observe the re-catalanisation intents in the society
Castagnet, Véronique. "Prosopographie d'une société en reconstruction : le clergé des diocèses béarnais de Lescar et d'Oloron : de l'Edit de Fontainebleau à la Révolution (1599-1789)". Pau, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PAUU1005.
Texto completoMelançon, François. "Discours du savoir en Nouvelle-France : la perception de l'instruction chez les prêtres du Séminaire de Québec (1663-1760)". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29295.
Texto completoHême, de Lacotte Rémy. "Entre le trône et l’autel : la grande aumônerie de France sous l’Empire et la Restauration (1804- 1830)". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040215.
Texto completoThe “Grande Aumônerie” traditionally refers, in France, to the clergy in charge of the exercise of the ministryto the sovereign and, among his subjects, to all those attached to his person. A long time confined to the court,this service knows, from its restoration by Napoleon until its removal by the July Monarchy, an unprecedentedgrowth. The incorporation of various components, which the most important is certainly, under theRestoration, the military chaplaincy, converts the modest aulic department into a national institution, whosenumbers equall to those of a small diocese. This work examines how the existence of such a clergy actuallyaffects the running of the Concordat System, through a detailed study of its structures, its staff and its pastoralactivity. It also raises the question of the political weight of the court clergy in the management of religiousaffairs in a constitutional government. Eventually a finding stands out : the marginalization, even before itsdisappearance, of the “Grande Aumônerie”, which, by contrast, underlines the soundness of the institutionsestablished by Bonaparte in order to regulate the religions. The ancient alliance of Throne and Altar then givesway, definitively, to the merely administrative relationship between Church and State
Poyer, Alex. "Devenir curé dans le diocèse du Mans au dix-huitième siècle". Rennes 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986REN20007.
Texto completoFirst, the study of the conditions which lead to the orders, from tonsure to priesthood, shows a good observance of the statutes. Then the attendance at school from primary school to divinity classes in seminaries or universities is evoked. The quantification of the recruitment leads to a mitigated evaluation: the diocese provides for itself during the whole period but with an unfavourable evolution (fall of 35 percent). The geography of the recruitment leads to the same mitigated inference: two ecclesiastical "reservoirs" (city of Le Mans and deanery of Domfront) are opposed to ecclesiastical "deserts" in the south west and above all in the south east. The clergy originated in towns is always preponderant. There is no increase in the rural recruitment. The social origins of the secular clergy have nothing exceptional for the eighteenth century: large proportion of merchants' sons, lower proportion in peasantry, coming in of people belonging to lower social categories (sons of artisans, small peasants and day labourers) in the place of the notables. After the priesthood, that not even a quarter of the tonsured reach, the "cure" is difficult to gain: around 1780, the best period, only half of the priests succeed. The probationary period is of about ten years for the "elus", who during that time occupy minor charges such as chaplains, "habitués" or "vicarious" for most of them. The priests born in Le Mans, the graduates, the "prieurs-cures" are favoured: they are appointed faster and more often. The social origin has an influence but not systematically, because the very intricate benefice system allows avoiding this drawback, through permutation and resignation, which are more and more used. At last the clergy is very mobile because of the high percentage of young clerics going away for their studies, the great distance between the place of birth
Gilbert, David. ""Le grand secret de la vocation" : Louis Tronson (1622-1700), troisième supérieur de la Compagnie des prêtres de Saint-Sulpice dans l'histoire théologique de la vocation sacerdotale". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040057.
Texto completoIn the history of Catholic spirituality, Louis Tronson (1622-1700), who was elected third Superior of the Society of the Priests of Saint-Sulpice in 1676, is known mainly as editor of the Treatise on Holy Orders attributed to Jean-Jacques Olier (1676), as author of the Particular Examens (1690) and as host of the Conferences at Issy about quietism (1694-1695). The purpose of this work is to propose a better insight into the role of Louis Tronson in the history of Catholic theology. Indeed, this role was decisive in defining the theology of priestly vocation. By considering the "marks of vocation" in the light of his own experience in training future priests, Tronson drew up reliable yet flexible charts for discernment. Among these criteria "inclination" or "attraction" is of special importance. Although a subjective and intimate echo of divine calling, attraction is not a subjectivistic notion : on the contrary it supposes that there is an object which attracts, in this case the priesthood itself. Tronson frequently uses the words "estate" and "functions" to characterize it : far from being opposed, both terms complete each other and allow Tronson to offer a view of the Catholic priesthood which is both sacramental and social, specifically christological and rooted in the society of his time
Gilbert, David. ""Le grand secret de la vocation" : Louis Tronson (1622-1700), troisième supérieur de la Compagnie des prêtres de Saint-Sulpice dans l'histoire théologique de la vocation sacerdotale". Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040057.
Texto completoIn the history of Catholic spirituality, Louis Tronson (1622-1700), who was elected third Superior of the Society of the Priests of Saint-Sulpice in 1676, is known mainly as editor of the Treatise on Holy Orders attributed to Jean-Jacques Olier (1676), as author of the Particular Examens (1690) and as host of the Conferences at Issy about quietism (1694-1695). The purpose of this work is to propose a better insight into the role of Louis Tronson in the history of Catholic theology. Indeed, this role was decisive in defining the theology of priestly vocation. By considering the "marks of vocation" in the light of his own experience in training future priests, Tronson drew up reliable yet flexible charts for discernment. Among these criteria "inclination" or "attraction" is of special importance. Although a subjective and intimate echo of divine calling, attraction is not a subjectivistic notion : on the contrary it supposes that there is an object which attracts, in this case the priesthood itself. Tronson frequently uses the words "estate" and "functions" to characterize it : far from being opposed, both terms complete each other and allow Tronson to offer a view of the Catholic priesthood which is both sacramental and social, specifically christological and rooted in the society of his time
Mathieu, Maurice. "Les Poitevins et la République (septembre 1870 - juillet 1914) : le passage d'une société traditionnelle à la modernité politique". Paris 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA010566.
Texto completoSlowly acceding to modernity, the vienne after 1870, doesn't easily rally 6to the republic. The republican conquest comes up indeed against a strong resistance from the conservative, monarchist and bonapartist parties, and from their support, the catholic church. It finally achieves its goal after a considerable effort of political pedagogy remarkably adapted to collective psychology and thanks to the flawless determination of the government in office from 1877, to break down the old conservatrice hold. Overcoming the economic difficulties and the crises at the end of the 19th century, the republic, never less, succeeds in consolidating its establishment and benefiting from the consensus of the "poitevins" in favour of a laic and, at the same time, moderate democracy. The conditions of mutation of "la vienne" seem to be in keeping with the features of its physical geography and with the organization of its human life. Above all, they translate the effects of the sociological weight as a whole and they bear the imprint of a history which has seldom been violent, but never the less contradictory and passionate
Ardura, Bernard. "Un prélat réformateur et théologien du XVIe siècle, le prémontré Nicolas Psaume (1518-1575), évêque et comte de Verdun". Saint-Etienne, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STET2008.
Texto completoNicolas Psaume, a native of Chaumont-sur-aire (Meuse-France), enters the order of premontre in 1538. Trained in Paris in the tradition of Gerson, he dedicates himself to the reforming of the abbey Saint-Paul of Verdun. Installed as bishop of Verdun in 1548 by cardinal jean de Lorraine, he takes possession of e diocese without resident bishop for forty years and which, because of its general state, requires a complete reform. As bishop and count, Psaume succeeds it win recognition from the mobility and in re-establishing episcopal authority. Having been sent to the second and third sessions of the council of trent by the emperor of Germany on whom he his dependent, Psaume plays an important role in the discussion of the decree regarding the divine institution of bishops and those decrees regarding reform. In the tradition of Barthelemy des martyrs, archbishop of Braga, he inserites himself ever he manages only with difficulty to change the stand of Charles of Lorraine whose client he is. Having returned to his diocese in Verdun, he dedicates him to the application of the tridentine reforms. He would like to maintain the unique autonomy of his town but the obligation to fight against Protestantism forces him to accept military aid from the king of France, thus achieving the policies of the house of Lorraine in uniting to france the "three bishoprics". Psaume is the witness of a popular theology due to his works, many of wich are still inedited. His line of thought: the calling of all men to paradise through the struggle of living a Christian life. He elaborates lengthily on the sacraments of Christian life and especially on the sacrament of the holy orders and its demands. In the likeness of Borromeo, Psaume reforms his diocese by the means laid down at trent : diocesan synods, pastoral visits, the formation of clerics, the foundation of a college trusted to the Jesuits, and of "small schools", and preaching. He appears as the typical tridentine prelate in that he applies the council in all aspects. He is one of the rare reforming French-speaking bishops of the XVIth century. The second volume contains 215 pages often unedited
Hême, de Lacotte Rémy. "Entre le trône et l’autel : la grande aumônerie de France sous l’Empire et la Restauration (1804- 1830)". Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040215.
Texto completoThe “Grande Aumônerie” traditionally refers, in France, to the clergy in charge of the exercise of the ministryto the sovereign and, among his subjects, to all those attached to his person. A long time confined to the court,this service knows, from its restoration by Napoleon until its removal by the July Monarchy, an unprecedentedgrowth. The incorporation of various components, which the most important is certainly, under theRestoration, the military chaplaincy, converts the modest aulic department into a national institution, whosenumbers equall to those of a small diocese. This work examines how the existence of such a clergy actuallyaffects the running of the Concordat System, through a detailed study of its structures, its staff and its pastoralactivity. It also raises the question of the political weight of the court clergy in the management of religiousaffairs in a constitutional government. Eventually a finding stands out : the marginalization, even before itsdisappearance, of the “Grande Aumônerie”, which, by contrast, underlines the soundness of the institutionsestablished by Bonaparte in order to regulate the religions. The ancient alliance of Throne and Altar then givesway, definitively, to the merely administrative relationship between Church and State
Servel, Alain. "La notabilité et les notables en pays d'Apt aux XVI et XVII siècles". Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010669.
Texto completoThis research, which aims at depicting and analysing a large of the population of the Apt area (Vaucluse, Provence) we have chosen to label as "notables", is articulated around four parts : in the first one, methodology, sources and framework, we study the documents sources (either manuscript or printed) upon which we have based our research, and the problems of methodology we have encountered when dealing with those documents; we also set the geographical boundariues (the area around the city of Apt such as it appears in the documents) and the chronological boundaries (the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries) and we justify our choice, before spotting and listing the external signs of notability, the ways used so as to achieve and hold on to this notability. In the second part, the notables of the apt area, we lay stress on the vertical fractures which split the different categories of notables (real or would-be nobility, lawyers, health-care professions, bourgeois, merchants, city and village notables). Third, in the religions, we deal with the horizontal fractures and solidarities which appear through our examining the secular clergy, the regular clergy, the valdese heretics, the protestants and the jews who have converted to catholicism. In the fourth part, we intend to study the ways of life and characteristic behaviours of the notables in the apt area so as to point out the homogeneous demeanours of the notables. In additions, we supply the reconstitution of many remarkable lineages
Morlaes, Jean-Michel. "L'Église et la vie religieuse dans les Landes à la fin de l'Ancien Régime, 1760-1803". Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BOR30023.
Texto completoThis work aims to observe the evolution of religious life in what constitutes, from 1790, the department of Landes. The period studied runs from 1760 to 1803, that is to say, from the situation before the reorganization of religious establishments undertaken by the Commission of Regulars, until the implementation of the Concordat of 1801. The upheavals resulting from the French Revolution occupy the heart of the matter. The evolution of the Church in these Landes countries, whose religious identity did not become fixed until 1803, was constructed in the course of the transformations successively introduced by the Civil Constitution of the Clergy and the Concordat of 1801. It is a question here of observing pastoral institutions, practices and choices as well as individuals, placed between respect for Roman directives, respect for republican laws, and religious freedom
Roucole, Fabien. "Prélats et hommes de guerre : Dans l'espace français au XVe siècle : Culture et pratiques". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3090.
Texto completoIn the Middle Ages, Clerics bearing arms, often bishops, regularly appear. Both priests and secular lords, these men fight for various reasons: to serve the king, for the cause of the Church, or even for their own interests. This is a study of these prelates and of the cultural, legal and social norms that condition their behaviour: noble and military culture, various services owed to the the king, limits brought by canon law. The chosen period begins with the Great Schism (1378) and ends at the dawn of the Lutherian Reform (1517). In France, this time is marked by the omnipresence of war, especially in the first half of the century; prelates often have to take part in these conflicts. On the other hand, the Hundred Years War induce the development of new military institutions, which tend to discharge bishops and abbots from the old feudal obligations. Prelates who engage in warfare are only rarely punished, even the most scandalous ones.At the councils, critics are expressed against them, but they lead to no conclusion. In fact, many reasons may justify the conduct of fighting bishops
Martysheva, Lana. "Le pari de l’Hérétique. Les prélats royalistes et la légitimation d’Henri IV". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL001.
Texto completoThis dissertation investigates the French monarchy during a moment of crisis, focusing on an exceptional political bet made by a number of catholic prelates who chose to support Henri IV, a Protestant king. Their varied political actions are studied here, and the mechanisms of their work of legitimation of the first Bourbon are reconstructed, with a particular attention to the first years of his reign. The emphasis on these years offers the opportunity to give back to this period its dimension of uncertainty, as lived by the actors of the monarchy, a dimension that is generally erased under the weight of the history of the pacification, beginning with the Edict of Nantes. The choice of a short period allows a careful analysis of ceremonies of great symbolic importance, such as the royal abjuration and coronation. Too often these events have been merely narrated by historiography. This analysis, however, seeks to reconstruct their problematic dimension. Specific attention will be paid to the choices made when these events were published, which constituted a second staging of the act in printed form. With the focal point placed on the political commitment of the prelates, which at times was explicit, and at other times remained discreetly hidden away, it becomes possible to understand the monarchy as the collective work of multiple actors who endeavoured to ensure its survival. Thus, by proposing an alternative reading of events to the Navarro-centric vision that largely dominates historiography, this approach discusses the end of the Wars of Religion from a new perspective, which uncovers lesser known actors, who nonetheless played a crucial role in this process
Collombat, Michel. "Les bibliothèques des clercs séculiers du duché de savoie du XVIIIe siècle à 1860". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2079/document.
Texto completoThe aim of the following study is to tackle the notion of knowledge and culture among Savoie’s secular clergy, from the 18th century to 1860, when Savoie was annexed by France. The first part focuses on the circulation of clergymen’s books. It depicts the way books are used by scholars at the Collège Chappuisien of Annecy, then in seminaries and different universities, as well as for lectures or ecclesiastical retreats. Besides, books are bought, passed on to colleagues and laymen, as one can learn from the very few commonplace books left. One can read in wills how libraries, whose volumes have been inherited or purchased over the years, are , most of the time, subsequently transmitted to relatives that are men of the cloth too, or scattered to the benefit of bishops, vicars or different institutions, which tends to prove the existence of intellectual networks. Books can thus be said to connect the world of the dead to that of the living. The second part shows that they are also at the very heart of intellectual debates, which explains why their circulation was controlled by religious authorities. Books are thus central points of reflection over Protestantism, Jansenism, the Enlightenment, the 1792 revolutionary episode and eventually what is at stake in 19th century modernity. Savoie, as a catholic boarder, appears as some original basis in the maturing process of ideas as well as their circulation between the kingdom of Italy, France and Europe. The third part, based on a corpus of 18th century libraries mostly and 19th century legacies to Chambéry’s Grand Séminaire, offers a classification of readers, among whom various types of parish priests, canons and bishops. By confronting the different centers of interest related to theology and profane science, some clerical identities are taking shape, factors of cohesion and signs of intellectual curiosity appear, showing that to the believers, Savoie’s secular clergy both keeps and spreads a broader culture and that its members are in no way cut off from the evolutions of their time
Bouhaïk-Gironès, Marie. "La Basoche et le théâtre comique : identité sociale, pratiques et culture des clercs de justice (Paris, 1420-1550)". Paris 7, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA070036.
Texto completoThe Basoche du Palais, likely formed towards the end of the XIVth century, is the trade community of the law clerks, "lawyers", "procureurs" and "conseillers" of the Paris Parliament. It defends their professional rights and organises apprenticeship. The law clerks have their own specific community, professional and cultural practices, among which theatre takes a major role. It is necessary to consider the Basoche theatre as an extension of the didactic practices of this corporation. Their judiciary practices (especially the "causes grasses") and their theatre practices are linked, and are transmitted among their trade community, warrant of the cultural heritage of the legal professions. The farces and sotties played by the law clerks reveal a proper basochial culture, where a carnivalesque spirit thrives, where the political satire takes a prime place, nurturing a strong "esprit de corps", a pronounced inclination towards intellectual reasoning, a certain degree of anti-clericalism and an obvious form of materialism. These theatre representations are controlled by the Paris Parliament, which nonetheless takes a benevolent and protecting attitude towards the "Basochiens" at the beginning of the XVlth century. Among the authors connected with the Basoche one counts Guillaume Coquillart, Martial d'Auvergne, Pierre Gringore, Jehan Bouchet, Jehan d'Abondance, André de la Vigne, Roger de Collerye, François Habert and Clément Marot
Daviot, Marie-Françoise. "La vente des biens nationaux dans le Vendômois (1789-1850)". Thesis, Paris 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA020078.
Texto completoIn 1789, the traditional area of the Vendômois, bordered by the Beauce and Sologne regions, is poor and the revolutionary authorities have not succeeded in addressing the prevailing food shortage. By growing the landed property of the upper classes,who already had a stronghold on three quarters of the region’s real estate and who would now control the political and administrative system, the sale of “biensnationaux” would reinforce their influence over the population. Although the paternalistic system in the field of agriculture came to an end, it not made way for a flourishing capitalistic system. The lack of development in industry and agriculture will remain important throughout the XIXth century. The outcome of the sale has been an almost complete disappearance of church property whileownership by the nobility was divided by three. The transfer of ownership to the peasantry which might have seemed real at the times of the first sales was greatly diminished by the subsequent resales over the next fifty years. Another noteworthy point which emerges from this study is the sense of moderation of “vendômoise”population, and of those political leaders, when it was able to appoint to administer locally. Although the local population, which had a strong attachment to tradition, did take part in the acquisition of national lands, it resisted to extreme behaviour of the political leaders from Paris and Blois. Unlike what happened in many other more urban french regions, persecutions and destructions which characterized the period of the national sales were not systematic in the Vendômois, much to its credit
Mole-Mogolo, Gratien. "Autonomie patrimoniale des jeunes églises en République démocratique du Congo : 1885-2006". Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA111022.
Texto completoAyrolo, Valentina. "Córdoba : une république catholique : haut clergé, politique et gouvernement dans la province de Córdoba : de l'Indépendance à la Confédération (1810-1852)". Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010513.
Texto completoGiuliani, Fabienne. "Enquête sur les relations incestueuses dans la France du XIXe siècle (1791-1898)". Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010686.
Texto completoAuger-Sergent, Anne-Sophie. "Les graffiti marins de Normandie (13e siècle- 19e siècle)". Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010544.
Texto completoNormandy is extremely rich in ship graffiti, but we haven't any regional and synthetical studies about these iconographic sources. The inventory of Normand graffiti allows to have a corpus of some 500 documents dated from 13th to 19th centuries. The documents present essentialy ships, but also elements of ship (anchor, flag, rigging, head) or elements of navigation (sea-mark), animals (fisch, sea-bird), and maritime inscriptions. Their major value ist that graffiti give representations of boats of merchant navy and fisching navy, on which we haven't any iconographic source before the 18th century, and contribute to the repacement of naval iconographic material. The geographic repartition of ship graffiti follows the maritime and fluvial zones. They are omnipresent on the soft calcareous and plaster of the churchs, castles and traditionnal houses. In spite of their value for ship archaeology, graffiti pose a problem and particulary for determination and dating. The use of sails as leading thread allows at the same time a classification of ships graffiti, their typing according iconographic comparaisons, and their datation. Normand graffiti present merchant and coast ships. Barges are rare
Graham, Lesley. "Voyageurs écossais en France au XIXe siècle : image de la France, reflet de l'Ecosse". Bordeaux 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR30013.
Texto completoThe thirty-four travel books that are the original source material of this thesis were all written by scottish travellers between 1814 and 1880. The first section examines the nature of their journeys and the various motivations for their visits fo france. The travellers fall into into six groups : witnesses of historical events, journalists (including john scott and angus b. Reach). Writers (notably walter scott and robert louis stevenson), valetudinarians, tourists and specialists. The records of their journeys are then examined from two angles. The second section presents the image of france as it is perceived and portrayed by the scottish travellers while the third section analyses the reflection of scotland discernable in the descriptions of france. The picture the travellers paint of france is overwhelmingly negative because their aim is almost always to enhance the reputation of great britain and so they tend to highlight the problems and weaknesses of france rather than is strong points. The travellers look at france from two different points of view which they adopt alternately depending on the situation : one british, or even anglo-british, the other more specifically scottish. The british point view reflects a clear feeling of superiority over france while the scottish point of view betrays the profound of. .
Monet, Jacques. "Emergence de la kinésithérapie en France à la fin du XIXe et au début du XXe siècle : une spécialité médicale impossible : genèse, acteurs et intérêts de 1880 à 1914". Paris 1, 2003. http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/histmed/asclepiades/pdf/monet1.pdf.
Texto completoAdams, Henry Thomas. "L'évolution du canon obusier Paixhans et sa place dans la marine française de la première moitié du XIXe siècle". Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040280.
Texto completoAt the end of the Napoleonic Wars, the french Navy was in a position of marked inferiority in relation to that of the british. Paixhans, an army artillery officer, presented the Navy with a means of overcoming its lack of material strength with his innovative shell gun. Steamers and fast frigates armed with his system would thus be able to combat on equal terms british warships due to the destructive force of the shells. The idea was initially rejected due in part to to the lack of success during the revolutionary wars of a similar system. Nevertheless, Paixhans was able to impose the milited adoption of his shell gun due to the force of his personality and through his contacts in the governmental and military hierarchy. This limited adoption of shell guns aboard french warships resulted from the fact that the french Navy with its program of naval construction and armement (guns of a unique caliber) had already chosen to continue to represent its maritime presence with a classical fleet of ships-of-the-line supported by heavily armed frigates
Badea-Păun, Gabriel. "Antonio de La Gandara : sa vie, son oeuvre (1861-1917)". Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040062.
Texto completoThis thesis attempts to present the entire career of antonio de la gandara (paris, 1861 – paris, 1917) in the form of a catalogue raisonne of his paintings and drawings, precedeed by a biographical volume. This first volume charts his career from his debut at gerome's and the cabaret du chat noir to his succesful exhibition in 1893 at durand-ruel's gallery, which brought him prestigious portrait comissions from the european aristocracy and high bourgeoisie. It provides the opportunity to define the place of his work as a portrait painter among the so-called " mondains " portraitistes at the end of the 19th century and the begining of the 20th century. This study is completed by a chapter devoted to his prints ? And another one to the relationship of his work to the contemporary literature
Vellutini, Maïté. "La succession non ab intestat au 19ème siècle". Aix-Marseille 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX32046.
Texto completoFirmino, Sophie. "Les réfugiés carlistes en France de 1833 à 1843". Tours, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOUR2040.
Texto completoUmezawa, Aya. "La prison cellulaire et la folie des prisonniers : histoire des représentations de la prison et des prisonniers (1819-1848)". Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010585.
Texto completoGaboriaux, Chloé. "Le paysan français, un enjeu idéologique au XIXe siècle : perspectives françaises et perspectives sur la France". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008IEPP0045.
Texto completoIn a still overwhelmingly rural France, universal male suffrage introduced in 1848 made peasants become a major electoral force. What this thesis shows is that it also made them become an ideological stake for the political movements, who tried to give such an explanation of rural voters’ political behaviours that might reinforce their political positions. Debates about peasants reveal the conceptions of representation at a time when the masses entered politics. In particular, they underline the role of rural “bonapartism” in the phrasing of republican theories and in the changes the latter underwent during the 19th century. Rural voters disappointed the expectations of the Republicans and therefore forced them to revise the relationships they previously established between material progress and political commitment, communal sociability and citizenship, civil liberty and political liberty. At a moment when the validity of political theories was mainly based on their sociological pertinence, the analysis of the peasant persona puts into perspective the splits that then separated the different political families and divided the Republicans themselves, especially in the debates concerning the Radicals’ ideal of direct democracy, the issue of decentralization or the 1875 constitutional laws. By scrutinizing the social and geographical imaginary background that underlay political positions, it is possible to put forward the major ideological issues raised by the various institutional answers then given to the question of representation
Tardy, Jean-Noël. "Les catacombes de la politique : conspiration et conspirateurs en France (1818-1870)". Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010647.
Texto completoManfredonia, Gaetano. "Études sur le mouvement anarchiste en France : 1848-1914". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990IEPP0021.
Texto completoThe work which is presented is constitued of three parts : a PHD dissertation already presented at the Institut d'études politiques of Paris in 1984 on anarchist individualism in France (1880-1914); two other complementary researches on the anarghist songs in France from the Commune to Ravachol (1870-1894) and pro and con the republic? The French anarchists and the republican tradition (1848-1914). The anarchists movement took its largest development during the period beginning at the Paris Commune and the first world war, adopting a specific behavior and specific ideological themes which differentiated it from other socialist groups. But few studies have been made concerning the internal dynamics of the movement, its internal conflicts and structuration. Our object is not only to fill in the gaps of the documentations collected by Jean Maitron but amso to subsume the narrative approach of the libertarian movement which minimizes the stakes of its internal debates. The history of this movement has been conflictual and has little to do with the so called "eternal principles" of anarchisme. On many points the traditional image of the anarchists must be considerably reconsidered
Mihaeli, Gil. "L'émergence du modèle militaro-viril : pratiques et représentations masculines en France au XIXe siècle". Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0102.
Texto completoThe present research treats questions of masculine identity in France in early and middle 19th century. It demonstrates how the masculine body became the pivotal point of a system of sense composed of practices and representations : the militaro-virile model. The main practice studied is the moustache. What was at the beginning an attribute of elite soldiers became a generalised military attribute, then a marker of virility and finally the attribute of "Frenchood" for excellence
Martysheva, Lana. "Le pari de l’Hérétique. Les prélats royalistes et la légitimation d’Henri IV". Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL001.
Texto completoThis dissertation investigates the French monarchy during a moment of crisis, focusing on an exceptional political bet made by a number of catholic prelates who chose to support Henri IV, a Protestant king. Their varied political actions are studied here, and the mechanisms of their work of legitimation of the first Bourbon are reconstructed, with a particular attention to the first years of his reign. The emphasis on these years offers the opportunity to give back to this period its dimension of uncertainty, as lived by the actors of the monarchy, a dimension that is generally erased under the weight of the history of the pacification, beginning with the Edict of Nantes. The choice of a short period allows a careful analysis of ceremonies of great symbolic importance, such as the royal abjuration and coronation. Too often these events have been merely narrated by historiography. This analysis, however, seeks to reconstruct their problematic dimension. Specific attention will be paid to the choices made when these events were published, which constituted a second staging of the act in printed form. With the focal point placed on the political commitment of the prelates, which at times was explicit, and at other times remained discreetly hidden away, it becomes possible to understand the monarchy as the collective work of multiple actors who endeavoured to ensure its survival. Thus, by proposing an alternative reading of events to the Navarro-centric vision that largely dominates historiography, this approach discusses the end of the Wars of Religion from a new perspective, which uncovers lesser known actors, who nonetheless played a crucial role in this process