Literatura académica sobre el tema "City planning"

Crea una cita precisa en los estilos APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard y otros

Elija tipo de fuente:

Consulte las listas temáticas de artículos, libros, tesis, actas de conferencias y otras fuentes académicas sobre el tema "City planning".

Junto a cada fuente en la lista de referencias hay un botón "Agregar a la bibliografía". Pulsa este botón, y generaremos automáticamente la referencia bibliográfica para la obra elegida en el estilo de cita que necesites: APA, MLA, Harvard, Vancouver, Chicago, etc.

También puede descargar el texto completo de la publicación académica en formato pdf y leer en línea su resumen siempre que esté disponible en los metadatos.

Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "City planning"

1

Schwaninger, Markus y Markus Koerner. "City planning". Kybernetes 33, n.º 3/4 (marzo de 2004): 557–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03684920410523571.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
2

Gleye, Paul H. "City Planning versus Urban Planning". Journal of Planning Literature 30, n.º 1 (15 de octubre de 2014): 3–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0885412214554088.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
3

Hyun, Jae Youl y Na Young Kim. "Four Pioneers’ Ideas of City and City Planning in Modern Japanese City Planning". Korean Journal of Urban History 16 (31 de octubre de 2016): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.22345/kjuh.2016.10.16.135.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
4

Ekman, Ulrik. "Smart City Planning". International Journal of E-Planning Research 7, n.º 3 (julio de 2018): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijepr.2018070101.

Texto completo
Resumen
This article reflects on the challenges for urban planning posed by the emergence of smart cities in network societies. In particular, it reflects on reductionist tendencies in existing smart city planning. Here the concern is with the implications of prior reductions of complexity which have been undertaken by placing primacy in planning on information technology, economical profit, and top-down political government. Rather than pointing urban planning towards a different ordering of these reductions, this article argues in favor of approaches to smart city planning via complexity theory. Specifically, this article argues in favor of approaching smart city plans holistically as topologies of organized complexity. Here, smart city planning is seen as a theory and practice engaging with a complex adaptive urban system which continuously operates on its potential. The actualizations in the face of contingency of such potential are what might have the city evolve over time, its organization, its wholeness, and its continued existence being at stake from moment to moment.
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
5

Gu, Chaolin, Yehua Dennis Wei y Ian G. Cook. "Planning Beijing: socialist city, transitional city, and global city". Urban Geography 36, n.º 6 (18 de agosto de 2015): 905–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02723638.2015.1067409.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
6

Scarim, Paulo Cesar. "Spectacle city: polítics, planning and city-market". GEOUSP: Espaço e Tempo (Online), n.º 3 (7 de diciembre de 1998): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2179-0892.geousp.1998.123291.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
7

KINOSHITA, Keinosuke. "City design and planning". Japanese Journal of Real Estate Sciences 14, n.º 3 (2000): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5736/jares1985.14.3_31.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
8

Ma, Laurence J. C. y Nancy Shatzman Steinhardt. "Chinese Imperial City Planning." Pacific Affairs 65, n.º 2 (1992): 262. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2760183.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
9

Macedo, Joseli. "Planning a Sustainable City". Journal of Planning History 12, n.º 4 (24 de abril de 2013): 334–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1538513213482093.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
10

Green, G., J. Acres, C. Price y A. Tsouros. "City health development planning". Health Promotion International 24, Supplement 1 (1 de noviembre de 2009): i72—i80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapro/dap057.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Tesis sobre el tema "City planning"

1

Vonk, Guido A. "Improving planning support : the use of planning support systems for spatial planning /". Utrecht : Koninklijk Nederlands Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, 2006. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0802/2006436743.html.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
2

Tam, Wai-man. "Market force and urban design a case study of Wanchai District /". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B40687272.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
3

Hung, Wing-yee Connie. "Property rights analysis on planning applications and planning appeals". Click to view the E-thesis via HKU Scholars Hub, 2005. http://lookup.lib.hku.hk/lookup/bib/B3793496X.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
4

Schwartz, Howard A. "Strategic urban planning /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10800.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
5

Ngan, Kam-kee Gordon. "Re-linking the community : Haiphong road temporary market in TST /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25949779.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
6

Yeung, Wing-shan Theresa. "Citizen participation in the urban planning process : a comparative study of U.S.A., U.K. and H.K. /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18154992.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
7

Henstra, Simon. "Inner-city palimpsest: Building the city above the city". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13129.

Texto completo
Resumen
Includes bibliographical references.
This dissertation emerged from a fascination with the rich urban and architectural fabric of dense inner-cities, the layered palimpsest, and strong sense of character as a result of the piecemeal evolution of the city over time. Retaining this character is at odds with the phenomenon of a market-driven, developer-led method of place ‘un-making’ within the city which aims to maximise utility and scale, removes large portions of the existing urban fabric in the process, but adds much needed density to the city. The dissertation attempts to understand the paradox between the positive addition of density, and the nega- tive destruction of good urban fabric and character. While vacant erven within the city are scarce, the city’s density is far less than is planned due to many existing buildings having a lower bulk than is allowed. Simply put, there is a vast amount of airspace above the existing city which is being underutilised and underdeveloped. This dissertation explores a method of placemaking less dependent on the ground plane, and able to occupy the underutilised airspace above existing blocks and erven; densifying the city, and expanding its capacity, while maintaining the unique sense of character and rich urban fabric which is a product of generations of small steps in development. The dissertation attempts to cover, as a narrative, the process of unpacking ideas as pragmatic as zoning and as poetic as what it means to contribute to the rich architectural palimpsest, and everything in between.
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
8

Josephson, Anna M. (Anna McKinney). "Demolition in American city planning". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/59749.

Texto completo
Resumen
Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2010.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 64-65).
Demolition is deeply embedded in urban systems. It has been explained as both the inevitable churn of the built environment and as a grand gesture of human control of the urban organism. This thesis examines the three main arguments for demolition: social reform, modernization, and non-conformity. Through the lens of each, it looks at the history of American demolition and points out the flawed reasoning that justifies demolition today. It focuses especially on the history of Boston, Massachusetts. It proposes that demolition does not serve a legitimate function in city planning, and offers a new rubric for decision-making around demolition.
by Anna M. Josephson.
M.C.P.
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
9

Smith, Adrian Lukas. "Multiculturalism and planning". Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B22284850.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
10

Chan, Suet-ying Carmen. "Is multi-nuclei neighborhood development model works in Hong Kong? a case study of neighborhood linkages in Tin Shui Wai new town /". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B39707416.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Libros sobre el tema "City planning"

1

Wong, Tai-Chee y Belinda Yuen, eds. Eco-city Planning. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0383-4.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
2

1922-, Oberlander H. Peter, Seasons Mark L. 1953-, Canadian Institute of Planners y Vancouver Working Group (Canada), eds. The planning city. [Vancouver]: Vancouver Working Group, 2005.

Buscar texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
3

Council, Manchester (England) City. City planning news. [Manchester]: Manchester City Council, 1992.

Buscar texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
4

Cerver, Francisco Asensio. City planning: Urban architecture. [Spain]: Arco Editorial, 1992.

Buscar texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
5

Buch, Mahesh N. Planning the Indian city. New Delhi: Vikas Pub. House, 1987.

Buscar texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
6

Steinhardt, Nancy Shatzman. Chinese imperial city planning. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1990.

Buscar texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
7

Yan, Kin-Chung. City planning in London. London: LCP, 2001.

Buscar texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
8

Yoo, Ha-Sang. Planning the UN City. New York: Vantage Press, 1987.

Buscar texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
9

Regional Centre for Urban and Environmental Studies (Bombay, India), ed. Urban planning. Mumbai: Regional Centre for Urban and Environmental Studies, All India Institute of Local Self Government, 2008.

Buscar texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
10

James, Catanese Anthony y Snyder James C. 1940-, eds. Urban planning. 2a ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1988.

Buscar texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "City planning"

1

Adelusi-Adeluyi, Ademide y Liora Bigon. "City Planning: Yorùbá City Planning". En Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures, 1–7. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-3934-5_10203-1.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
2

Smith, Michael E. "City Planning: Aztec City Planning". En Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures, 1–18. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-3934-5_8512-2.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
3

Adelusi-Adeluyi, Ademide y Liora Bigon. "City Planning: Yorùbá City Planning". En Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures, 1314–21. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7747-7_10203.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
4

Smith, Michael E. "City Planning: Aztec City Planning". En Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures, 1289–306. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7747-7_8512.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
5

Protzen, Jean-Pierre. "City Planning: Inca City Planning". En Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures, 1306–10. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7747-7_8513.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
6

Mendoza, Ruben G. "City Planning: Maya City Planning". En Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures, 1310–14. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7747-7_8514.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
7

Bolay, Jean-Claude. "Convoluted Urban Planning". En Future City, 83–119. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28419-0_4.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
8

Burtenshaw, D., M. Bateman y G. J. Ashworth. "Urban Transport Planning (Planning for Movement)". En The European City, 94–116. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003169901-5.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
9

Duarte, Fábio y Rodrigo Firmino. "Planning Delusion". En Unplugging the City, 117–35. New York, NY : Routledge, 2018.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315523255-8.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
10

Jaffe, Rivke y Anouk de Koning. "Planning the city". En Introducing Urban Anthropology, 137–53. 2a ed. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003225133-11.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "City planning"

1

Khair, Abbas E. M. "Transformation of urban planning". En SUSTAINABLE CITY 2014. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/sc140281.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
2

Zhou, Dailin, Yunya Liu y Jiapei Hu. "Rethinking on Urban White Areas in high-density city under Healthy City framework". En 57th ISOCARP World Planning Congress. ISOCARP, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/ae7nhqd4.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
3

Jeppesen, S. L. y S. Leleur. "Development of sustainable traffic planning: analysis of Danish planning visions 2005 and 2015". En SUSTAINABLE CITY 2006. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/sc060531.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
4

Sen, Roshmi, Ranja Bandyopadhyaya, Santanu Barman, Shradha Sio y Sunny Bansal. "De-carbonization and Environmental Planning Roadmap for Rourkela Steel City -a city under transformation". En 58th ISOCARP World Planning Congress . ISOCARP, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/bohbvte3.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
5

Suzuki, Y. "Studies on the enforcement of the Low Carbon City Promotion Act and a case example of Low Carbon City Development Plan in Omihachiman City". En SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND PLANNING 2015, editado por F. Kakei, C. Yamamoto, M. Sawaki, R. Matsunaka y Y. Moritsu. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/sdp150361.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
6

Gouveia, João Pedro, Júlia Seixas y George Giannakidis. "Smart City Energy Planning". En the 25th International Conference Companion. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2872518.2888617.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
7

Edvardsson, K. "Rational environmental goals and sustainable planning". En SUSTAINABLE CITY 2006. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/sc060451.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
8

GIBBENS, MENINI y CAREL SCHOEMAN. "GENDER CONSIDERATIONS IN SUSTAINABLE RURAL LIVELIHOOD PLANNING: ENGENDERING RURAL DEVELOPMENT PLANNING IN A SOUTH AFRICAN CONTEXT". En SUSTAINABLE CITY 2019. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/sc190471.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
9

RYDNINGEN, ULF, REBECCA CELINE HØYNES y LARS WISTH KOLLTVEIT. "OSLO 2019: A CAR-FREE CITY CENTRE". En SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND PLANNING 2017. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/sdp170011.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
10

Bonenberg, Wojciech. "Governing urban planning diversity: the use of internal diversity in metropolitan area spatial planning". En Virtual City and Territory. Barcelona: Centre de Política de Sòl i Valoracions, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/ctv.8045.

Texto completo
Resumen
In this paper spatial, functional, social and cultural aspects of the problem of governing urban diversity are analysed. Economical use of diversity as an element driving urban economies is highlighted. It is indicated that the post-industrial reality imposes a need for a new attitude towards the role and place of diversity in the spatial and economic development of a city. The concept of rejuvenating urban structures based on diversity is presented and governance strategies are categorised. It is revealed that spatial diversity is a key resource of a metropolitan area, driving its growth as well as the performance of social and economic goals. Results of research on Poznan metropolitan area spatial diversity are presented: 6 types of relations are highlighted, which made it possible to assess the current level of diversity governance within the discussed areas. As a result three primary levels are identified at which diversity governance should be implemented as the basis for planning metropolitan areas’ spatial development. It is determined that governing diversity is an effective development model for these areas.
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Informes sobre el tema "City planning"

1

Villa, Daniel L., Marissa Devan Reno-Trujillo y Howard David Passell. Sun City progress report : policy effects on photovoltaic adoption for city planning. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), octubre de 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1055885.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
2

Canto, Patricia, ed. Strategic planning for city networks: The emergence of a Basque Global City? Universidad de Deusto, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.18543/tenb5200.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
3

Gupte, Jaideep, Louise Clark, Debjani Ghosh, Sarath Babu, Priyanka Mehra, Asif Raza, Vaibhav Sharma et al. Embedding Community Voice into Smart City Spatial Planning. Institute of Development Studies, febrero de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2022.005.

Texto completo
Resumen
Public participation in spatial planning is a vital means to successful policymaking and can be enhanced by combining geospatial methods with participatory learning and action. Based on a pilot study in Bhopal, India involving urban authorities, civil society organisations and experts in an informal settlement during Covid-19 lockdowns, we find that the obstacles to sustaining public participation are not technological, but arise from a lack of awareness of the added value of ‘second order solutions’. We outline key approaches that emphasise short-term, feasible, and low-cost ways to embed community voice into participatory spatial planning.
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
4

Keswani, Kiran y Suresh Bhagavatula. The ordinary city and the extraordinary city : the challenges of planning for the everyday. Bangalore: Azim Premji University, abril de 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.61933/wps.15.2020.4.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
5

Gillem, Mark. City Design Lecture Series: Linking Transportation and Land Use Planning. Portland State University Library, mayo de 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/trec.103.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
6

Bhatt, V., K. M. Crosson, W. Horak y A. Reisman. New York City Energy-Water Integrated Planning: A Pilot Study. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), diciembre de 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/947147.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
7

Haldeman, Jill. A case study of the Northwest District Association and Portland City planning staff. Portland State University Library, enero de 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.1644.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
8

Tunström, Moa y Linnea Löfving. The right to access the city : Nordic urban planning from a disability perspective. Nordregio, octubre de 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.6027/r2020:11.1403-2503.

Texto completo
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
9

Turmena, Lucas, Aline Lusieux, Simone Sandholz, Flávia Guerra y Michael Roll. TUC City Profile: Recife, Brazil. United Nations University - Institute for Environment and Human Security (UNU-EHS), noviembre de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53324/rrep9173.

Texto completo
Resumen
Recife is a prominent front-runner for climate policymaking in Brazil, having formulated robust plans and strategies at the city scale. The next step is to overcome the gap between strategic planning and local action at the neighbourhood scale. Historically, urban development in Recife has been marked by social inequalities. To ensure social inclusion and justice in climate action, it is critical to open up governance structures to include bottom-up, community-based approaches and incentivize co-production of urban space between governmental and non-governmental actors. Climate action can build on opportunities to also tackle inequalities in Recife, prioritizing the most vulnerable communities. To support this goal, social indicators can be used next to traditional emissions data to assess how transformative climate action is in the city. The climate agenda should be mainstreamed into urban development in Recife, particularly in the context of upgrading informal and low-income settlements. Capacity development and awareness raising activities drawing on local expertise, knowledge and practices can facilitate that.
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
10

Liu, Edgar, Hyungmo Yang y Patrick Harris. Land Use Planning for Equitable Health Outcomes (LUPEHO) – A preliminary review of two land use planning instruments (as applied to Western Sydney). Healthy Urban Environments (HUE) Collaboratory, MDG SPHERE Australia, julio de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52708/lupeho.

Texto completo
Resumen
This project (commissioned by the Western Sydney Health Alliance) reviews the development of healthy planning principles in Australia and internationally, assesses how land use planning instruments at the NSW State and local government levels align with and operationalise 12 healthy planning principles, and proposes a set of indicators that will assist the Alliance to benchmark and monitor health equity outcomes in the Western Parkland City.
Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.
Ofrecemos descuentos en todos los planes premium para autores cuyas obras están incluidas en selecciones literarias temáticas. ¡Contáctenos para obtener un código promocional único!

Pasar a la bibliografía