Tesis sobre el tema "Choice"
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Jenkinson, Barbara. "Choice modelling with green choices". Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.688268.
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Han, Bijun. "Analyzing car ownership and route choices using discrete choice models". Doctoral thesis, KTH, Infrastructure and Planning, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3215.
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This thesis consists of two parts. The first part analyzesthe accessibility, generation and license holding effects incar ownership models. The second part develops a route choicemodeling framework with an attempt to address the differencesin drivers' route choice behavior. These two parts of work areboth based on the discrete choice theory - the car ownershipmodels are built up on the standard logit model, whereas theroute choice models are formulated in a mixed logit form.
The study result of the first part shows that measuring theaccessibility by the monetary inclusive value reasonably wellcaptures the mechanism of the accessibility impact. Otheraccessibility proxies such as the parking costs, parking typeand house type are correlated with the accessibility but not toa great extent. Both young and old households are less likelyto have a car. The reduction of the propensity to own a car issignificant for households with average birth year before 1920,whereas this reduction is moderate for households with birthyear between 1920 and 1945. It is also demonstrated thatdriving license holding choice is conditional on the carownership level choice, and that these two choices need to bemodeled in a dynamic framework.
The second part of the work investigates the performance ofthe mixed logit model using both simulated data and empiricalroute switching data. The empirical study mainly focused on theimpacts of information and incident related factors on drivers'route switching behavior.
The result shows that using mixed logit gives a significantimprovement in model performance as well as a more sensitiveexplanation of drivers' decision-making behavior. For apopulation with greatly varying tastes, simply using thestandard logit model to analyze its behavior can yield veryunrealistic results. However, care must be taken when settingthe number of random draws for simulating the choiceprobability of the mixed logit model in order to get reliableestimates.
The empirical results demonstrate that incident relatedfactors such as delay and information reliability havesignificant impacts on drivers' route switching, where themagnitude of the response to the change in the delay is shownto vary significantly between individuals. Other factors, suchas confidence in the estimated delay, gender, frequency of cardriving and attitude towards congestion, also make majorcontributions. In addition, it is found that individual's routeswitching behavior may differ depending on the purpose of thetrip and when the choice is made, i.e. pre-trip oren-route.
Keywords: car ownership, accessibility, logit model,route choice, heterogeneity, mixed logit model
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Robertson, Cara W. "Relative choices : choice of partner in some eighteenth-century novels". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386549.
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Boccara, Bruno 1956. "Modelling choice set formation in discrete choice models". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/14324.
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Ek, Jon. "The Choice". Thesis, Konstfack, Ädellab/Metallformgivning, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:konstfack:diva-173.
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Människors val och beslut har alltid fascinerat mig. Hur är det möjligt att vissa beslut och val kan te sig fullständigt ologiska och oförväntade medans andra val och beslut kan man nästan säga är förutsägbara? Vad är det jag känner igen och inte känner igen och varför? Är det för att jag tillhör samma kön? Eller är det för att jag är från en annan kultur med andra värderingar och normer? Har vi samma genetiska bas med identiska uttryck och förhållande? De dogmer och förklaringar som finns och existerar i vår närvaro rörande varför vi gör våra val och beslut har länge för mig känts som ett distanserat och främmande sätt att se mänskligheten. Därför har jag beslutat att försöka fördjupa mig i ämnet genom att titta på och jämföra några av de religiösa, filosofiska och naturvetenskapliga teorierna och där hitta en möjlig förklaring som kan ge mig en större insikt i varför jag väljer som jag gör och du väljer som du gör. Är det en allvetande agent som har betydelse inför våra val? Är det samhället och kulturen vi lever i som spelar roll? Är det mitt genetiska arv?People´s different ways of taking decisions and making choices has always intrigued me. Some people´s choices seems perfectly logic to me and others choices makes no sense at all. In this essay I will look upon some of the theories of theology, philosophy and natural science about how and why we make our choices. Are our choices based on nature or nurture? Are we always free to choose? Is there a free will? Or are we actually controlled by something greater?
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Kearns, Stephen. "Intentional choice". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.443840.
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Steil, Diana Dorothea. "Personal Choice". Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 1986. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/663.
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Chimeli, Janna V. "Choice Tendency". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1335289757.
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Jones, Niusha. "Choice Androgyny". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2019. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1538724/.
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This work provides an alternative theory of gendered consumption that explains chronic and situational shifts in consumers' preferences for masculine, feminine, and androgynous choices, beyond the effects of gender identities.
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Tapley, Nigel. "Nonlinearities in discrete choice attributes : a study of transport-related choices". Thesis, University of Leeds, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.496518.
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Decker, Nathaniel K. "Choice, Management, & Modification: Situational Context in Risky Choice". Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4026.
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We sought to examine the potential differences between different types of risky decisions. While some decisions are easily represented as choices between future alternatives, other decisions may be better represented as the management of a personally owned situation. Schneider (2003) created the risk management task, which manifested these situated improvement decisions, and identified a unique pattern of risk preferences when compared to the standard gambling paradigm. To determine what cognitive processes might be differentially activated for each type of decisions so as to yield these risk preference differences, we incrementally manipulated the gambling paradigm to parse potentially influential elements of situational context from both risky choice and risk management. The elements of context found to be influential were (a) making an improvement of your situation rather than a choice within your situation, (b) integrating information into a more compact display, and (c) limiting the visual salience of consequence information. The implications of these results as they relate to current formal models of decision making and subsequent investigations of decision context are addressed. Future directions using a similar appreciation of individual perceptual and cognitive processes when studying decision making are also discussed.
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Bouscasse, Hélène. "Essays on travel mode choice modeling : a discrete choice approach of the interactions between economic and behavioral theories". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2106/document.
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Cette thèse a pour objectif d’incorporer des éléments de théories de psychologie et d’économie comportementale dans des modèles de choix discret afin d’améliorer la compréhension du choix modal réalisé à l’échelle régionale. Les estimations se basent sur une enquête de type choice experiment présentée en première partie. Une deuxième partie s’intéresse à l’incorporation de variables latentes pour expliquer le choix modal. Après une revue de littérature sur les modèles de choix hybrides, c’est-à-dire des modèles combinant modèle d’équations structurelles et modèle de choix discret, un tel modèle est estimé pour montrer comment l’hétérogénéité d’outputs économiques (ici, la valeur du temps) peut être expliquée à l’aide de variables latentes (ici, le confort perçu dans les transports en commun) et de variables observables (ici, la garantie d’une place assise). La simulation de scénarios montre cependant que le gain économique (diminution de la valeur du temps) est plus élevé lorsque les politiques agissent sur des dimensions palpables que sur des dimensions latentes. S’appuyant sur un modèle de médiation, l’estimation d’un modèle d’équations structurelles montre par ailleurs que l’effet de la conscience environnementale sur les habitudes de choix modal est partiellement médié par l’utilité indirecte retirée de l’usage des transports en commun. Une troisième partie s’intéresse à deux formalisations de l’utilité issues de l’économie comportementale : 1) l’utilité dépendante au rang en situation de risque et 2) l’utilité dépendante à la référence. Dans un premier temps, un modèle d’utilité dépendante au rang est inséré dans des modèles de choix discret et, en particulier, un modèle à classes latentes, afin d’analyser l’hétérogénéité intra- et inter-individuelle lorsque le temps de déplacement n’est pas fiable. La probabilité de survenue d’un retard est sur-évaluée pour les déplacements en train et sous-évaluée pour les déplacements en voiture, en particulier pour les automobilistes, les usagers du train prenant d’avantage en compte l’espérance du temps de déplacement. Dans les modèles prenant en compte l’aversion au risque, les fonctions d’utilité sont convexes, ce qui implique une décroissance,de la valeur du temps. Dans un deuxième temps, une nouvelle famille de modèles de choix discret généralisant le modèle logit multinomial, les modèles de référence, est estimée. Sur mes données, ces modèles permettent une meilleure sélection des variables explicatives que le logit multinomial et l’estimation d’outputs économiques plus robustes, notamment en cas de forte hétérogénéité inobservée. La traduction économique des modèles de référence montre que les meilleurs modèles empiriques sont également les plus compatibles avec le modèle de dépendance à la référence de Tversky et KahnemanThe objective of this thesis is to incorporate aspects of psychology and behavioral economics theories in discrete choice models to promote a better understanding of mode choice at regional level. Part II examines the inclusion of latent variables to explain mode choice. A literature review of integrated choice and latent variable models – that is, models combining a structural equation model and a discrete choice model – is followed by the estimation of an integrated choice and latent variable model to show how the heterogeneity of economic outputs (here, value of time) can be explained with latent variables (here, perceived comfort in public transport) and observable variables (here, the guarantee of a seat). The simulation of scenarios shows, however, that the economic gain (decrease in value of time) is higher when policies address tangible factors than when they address latent factors. On the basis of a mediation model, the estimation of a structural equation model furthermore implies that the influence of environmental concern on mode choice habits is partially mediated by the indirect utility derived frompublic transport use. Part III examines two utility formulations taken from behavioral economics: 1) rankdependent utility to model risky choices, and 2) reference-dependent utility. Firstly, a rank-dependent utility model is included in discrete choice models and, in particular, a latent-class model, in order to analyze intra- and inter-individual heterogeneity when the travel time is subject to variability. The results show that the probability of a delay is over-estimated for train travel and under-estimated for car travel, especially for car users, as train users are more likely to take into account the expected travel time. In the models that account for risk aversion, the utility functions are convex, which implies a decrease in value of time. Secondly, a new family of discrete choice models generalizing the multinomial logit model, the reference models, is estimated. On my data, these models allow for a better selection of explanatory variables than the multinomial logit model and a more robust estimation of economic outputs, particularly in cases of high unobserved heterogeneity. The economic formulation of reference models shows thatthe best empirical models are also more compatible with Tversky et Kahneman’s reference-dependent model
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Mills, Jason Daniel. "School choice in America and Indiana?s Choice Scholarship Program". Thesis, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10249522.
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This is a comprehensive study researching the existence of school choice programs in the country, concentrating on the Indian School Voucher program. Data was collected by examining existing case law, surveys and scholarly papers. The school choice programs in all 50 states and the District of Columbia was examined. Each state program was listed and any legal challenges associated with each program was identified. Further, the K-12 & School Choice Survey conducted by the Friedman Foundation in January 2016 and the 2015 Choice Scholarship Program Annual Report: Participation and Payment Data were examined to determine who is using Indiana?s Choice Scholarship Program and how registered Indiana voters perceive the program The findings of this research suggest that most parents prefer to have some level of control over their children?s? education. This research also found that Indiana voters overwhelming support the program. However, it was also found that, although there is a favorable perception of Indiana?s voucher programs by low and middle-income families there is also a lack of participation by those same families.
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La, Taste Andre G. y Aaron Masaitis. "IMPACT OF RETIREMENT CHOICES OF EARLY CAREER MARINES: A CHOICE ANALYSIS MODEL". Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/32852.
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This thesis will analyze the potential impact of Marine Corps junior officer/enlisted retention if changes are implemented to the military retirement system. The research will be conducted using a discrete choice analysis methodology that is often used to differentiate factors that lead to decisions. Using an online survey, we will ask Marines within their first term of enlistment or contractual obligations to imagine themselves at the end of a contractual period and to make a choice between two proposed future career benefit packages. Each participant will be asked to make a choice between several sets of future career benefit packages. Through the use of multi-nominal logistic regression, we will identify the level of impact on retention decisions after the subjects choose differing attributes of a career package, which include retirement alternatives. Once data are collected through the survey, we will be able to predict the outcome of different retirement alternatives with a certain level of confidence.
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Gustafsson, Johan E. "Preference and Choice". Doctoral thesis, KTH, Filosofi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-34690.
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Wells, Ian (Ian T. ). "Evidence and choice". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/113773.
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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Linguistics and Philosophy, 2017.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 81-84).
This dissertation defends causal decision theory and argues against its main rival, evidential decision theory. In Chapter 1, I introduce a decision problem in which evidentialists end up predictably worse off, on average, than causalists. This result is surprising since comparisons of average welfare have traditionally been taken to support evidential decision theory and undermine causal decision theory. In Chapter 2, Jack- Spencer and I give a new argument for one of causal decision theory's distinctive recommendations: two-boxing in Newcomb's problem. Unlike arguments based on causal dominance, our argument relies on a more basic principle connecting rational choice to guidance and actual value maximization. In Chapter 3, I take up the issue of rationalization. Is it possible to manipulate the demands of rationality in predictable ways? I argue that it is not. Then I show that if evidential decision theory is true, rationalization is not only possible but sometimes advisable.
by Ian Wells.
Ph. D.
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Vavilichev, M. y N. Kapatus. "Utility and choice". Thesis, Sumy State University, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/49031.
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The Theory of Choice considers consumer behavior: decisions and choices in buying goods or services preferences at the market.
First of all the whole group of consumers are individuals and have differents preferences. This is a basic defenition value that Theory of choice explain.
Ultimate decision of individual depends on many factors. There are psychological or external factors such as goods of services prices, consumer preferences and incomes etc. It shows how the choice affects by price of goods, income of buyer and how they maximize absolute advantages of purchases.
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Choi, Seo Wook. "Modeling Mindless Choice". The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1512125771227293.
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Mavroyiannis, Diomides. "Choice and Innovation". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLED065.
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Nous considérons des situations dans lesquelles des agents ont le choix entre plusieurs projets. Nous montrons comment les hypothèses sur la structure de marché influencent le type de projet qui est retenu par les agents. Cette thèse se constitue de trois parties: 1) nous déduisons des conditions pour lesquelles des firmes choisissent de laisser les agents piraté leur biens (non-rivaux), 2) nous analysons l’optimalité de la décision de fusionner deux firmes lorsque l’une d’entre elles détient le droit de propriété sur un projet innovant et peu risqué, enfin 3) nous montrons comment les caractéristiques d’un paiement (montant, fréquence) ainsi que l’environnement d’un agent (en termes de richesse) influencent les propriétés du taux d’escompte temporel de ce dernierWe consider situations where agents can choose between multiple projects. We show how specific market structure assumptions influence which choices agents pursue. The thesis has three parts 1) We deduce conditions under which firmswill allow agents to pirate their non-rival products. 2) Analyze the decision for firms to merge when other firms can choosebetween projects of varying variances. 3) We show how the characteristics of a payment (amount, frequency) as well as theenvironment of agents (wealth, dynamics), influence the discount rates of agents
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Odendal, Marta W. "Students' university choice". Thesis, University of Stirling, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/23039.
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This thesis addresses UK students’ university choice using discrete choice methods and micro-data obtained from Higher Education Statistical Agency for graduates between 2006 and 2010. The thesis consists of three chapters with each addressing a different aspect of students’ choice. The studies are intended to provide policy-makers and other decision-makers with valuable information that will help them to implement strategies and policies for better higher education. Some work in the literature has been dedicated to students’ university choice. This thesis explores this body of work and builds on it, extends it and improves what is previously known in the literature. The aim of the first chapter is to investigate what affects students’ university choice. It contributes to the literature by establishing the best method to do so. Two models are used: the standard conditional logit and conditional logit with, what is called in this paper, alternative specific constants. Conditional logit with alternative specific constants improves on conditional logit twofold: it deals with unobserved university characteristics and improves the model fit. The results show that the probability of attending a university decreases with an increase in tuition fees and distance between students’ home and the university, and decreases in students’ socio-economic status. The second chapter further investigates the importance of distance on students’ university choice and it contributes to the literature by calculating the willingness to pay of students for distance to university. The chosen models are estimated for different socio-economic group of students separately. This methodology allows for meaningful comparison between socio-economic groups and produces more reliable estimates due to the fact that it accommodates for different unobserved characteristics of universities for different groups of students. The results show that students with the highest socio-economic status are not affected or have a positive utility of distance. The willingness to pay of other socio-economic groups are mixed and depend on the university characteristics used in the model. The third chapter focuses on students’ attitudes towards costs and benefits of university degree by calculating the discount rate of future income using marginal utility of graduate income and tuition fees. In addition, the chapter shows how use of consideration sets of universities for each student improves the model fit. The results show that students have a normal discount rate around 1% without consideration sets. The discount rate becomes negative in all models apart from one, when consideration sets are used.
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Mata, Jutta. "Healthy food choice". Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15723.
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Die vorliegende Dissertation setzt sich damit auseinander, wie das Zusammenspiel von essensbezogener Umwelt und Kognition Ernährungsentscheidungen beeinflusst. Im ersten Manuskript, “When Diets Last: Lower Cognitive Complexity Increases Diet Adherence” wird die Bedeutung der kognitiven Komplexität von Ernährungsregeln für das Einhalten einer Diät untersucht. Können Diäten scheitern, weil sie aus kognitiver Perspektive zu komplex sind, z.B. weil sich Diäthaltende nicht alle wichtigen Informationen merken oder verarbeiten können? 1136 Diäthaltende nahmen an einer längsschnittlichen Onlinestudie teil. Vorangegangenes Diätverhalten, Selbstwirksamkeit, Planung und wahrgenommene Regelschwierigkeit erhöhten das Risiko, die Diät vorzeitig aufzugeben, wobei Selbstwirksamkeit und wahrgenommene Regelschwierigkeit die einflussreichsten Faktoren waren. Im zweiten Manuskript „Meat Label Design: Effects on Stage Progression, Risk Perception, and Product Evaluation” wird der Einfluss gesundheitsrelevanter Information auf Labeln für Produktbewertung und Intention, Tierhaltung und Inhaltsstoffe von Lebensmitteln in die Kaufentscheidung einzubeziehen, untersucht. Es wurde betrachtet, wie Inhalt und Kontext (separate versus conjoint Darbietung) der Labelinformation die Bewertung von Fleischprodukten beeinflusst. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass sich bei einer conjoint im Gegensatz zur separaten Darbietung die Bewertung der Produkte umkehrt. Darüber hinaus hatten Personen, die zuvor nicht motiviert waren gesundheitsrelevante Aspekte in ihr Einkaufsverhalten einzubeziehen, nach Betrachten der Label eine höhere Intention diese zu berücksichtigen. Im dritten Manuskript, „Predicting Children’s Meal Preferences: How Much Do Parents Know?“, wurden Präferenzvorhersagen bezüglich der Essensentscheidungen Anderer erforscht. Es wurde untersucht, wie gut und mit Hilfe welcher Information Eltern die Mittagessenpräferenzen ihrer Kinder vorhersagen. Die Vorhersagegenauigkeit der Eltern entsprach der Stabilität der Essenspräferenzen ihrer Kinder, d.h. dass die Eltern so genau waren, wie möglich. Die Ergebnisse suggerieren, dass Eltern vor allem spezifisches Wissen über die Präferenzen ihrer Kinder und Projektion ihrer eigenen Vorlieben für die Vorhersagen nutzten.This dissertation focuses on food-related decision making, in particular, how food related environments and cognition interact to determine people’s food choices. The first manuscript, “When Diets Last: Lower Cognitive Complexity Increases Diet Adherence,” investigates the role of the cognitive complexity in diet adherence. Can weight loss diets fail because they are too complicated from a cognitive point of view, meaning that dieters are not able to recall or process the diet rules? The impact of excessive cognitive demands on diet adherence were investigated with 1,136 dieters in a longitudinal online-questionnaire. We measured perceived rule complexity controlling for other factors known to influence adherence. Previous diet behavior, self-efficacy, planning and perceived rule complexity predicted an increased risk to quit the diet prematurely, with self-efficacy and diet complexity being the strongest factors. The second manuscript, “Meat Label Design: Effects on Stage Progression, Risk Perception, and Product Evaluation,” presents two studies which tested the impact of health-related meat labels on product evaluation and intention. Specifically, the studies examined how informational content and the context (separate vs. conjoint evaluation) in which labels are assessed influence the evaluation of meat products. The results showed that conjoint assessment of labels can lead to contrary product rankings compared to separate evaluations. Moreover, the results suggest that being exposed to food labels containing specific health-relevant information can increase motivation to consider health aspects in those consumers without previous intention to do so. The third manuscript, “Predicting Children’s Meal Preferences: How Much Do Parents Know?” investigated prediction behavior concerning other people’s food choices. In particular, it asked how accurately and what cues parents use to predict their children’s meal choices. Overall, parents’ prediction accuracy matched the stability of children’s meal choices, implying that accuracy was as high as can be expected. The results suggest parents were able to obtain high predictive accuracy by using specific knowledge about their child’s likes and projecting their own preferences.
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Bitzios, D. "Visitor mode choice". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2001. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36146/1/36146_Bitzios_2001.pdf.
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Mode choice models have, in the past, been disaggregated by a range of work and personal trip purposes. Linear expressions have been developed describing the utility
or generalised cost of each transport mode option within each trip purpose category. With improving data collection, storage and processing facilities, highly disaggregate models are finding wider application in mode choice modelling. Disaggregate mode choice models developed thus far have not explicitly defined
visitor mode choice and have therefore assumed that visitors' mode choice
characteristics are similar to those of residents. In areas such as the Gold Coast,
Australia, visitors comprise a significant proportion of the overall travelling population and are expected to have intrinsically different mode choice characteristics to those of residents. This thesis investigates the factors which affect visitor mode choice and provides
relationships between visitor mode choice and a range of trip-based and visit-based variables. These relationships are intended to be the first step in towards the
development of visitor-specific mode choice models. As such, this research is highly qualitative with some basis on survey data. The relationships developed are drawn
from the available data, however it is envisaged that further, more rigorous survey would be required to confirm the statistical validity of the relationships developed. Two separate surveys were conducted to collect data on visitor mode choice. The first survey involved a loosely-structured interview survey to develop an
understanding of visitor's mode choice thought processes as to when and why they make certain mode choice decisions. The qualitative data collected in the first
survey was used to develop a better understanding of the range of variables considered by visitors when selecting their mode(s) for use during a visit. The second
survey was an interview survey of potential ferry users within which a range of general mode choice information was gathered. The combination of the more quantitative data collected in the second survey and the more qualitative information collected in the first survey provided the basis for hypothesising the visitor mode
choice relationships in this research.
The data from both the first and second surveys was collated and analysed to determine key relationships between visitor mode choice and a range of trip-based
and visit-based considerations. Duration of the visit was found to be a key determinant of the degree of pre-planning and how fixed (captive) to particular
modes visitors were. Duration of the visit was also shown to affect mode choice elasticity for time and cost based variables, as did the availability of a car which
essentially removed all other mode choice options from visitor's considerations. Extensions of this research could include quantification of the relationships through
detailed interview surveys and the use of advanced technologies (e.g. GPS) to track visitor movements. This data would enable the development of visitor mode choice
models disaggregated by visit-type and considering visit variables such as duration of stay, degree of pre-planning, local knowledge and group size; in conjunction with trip-based variables such as frequency, price, comfort and convenience.
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Cheng, Jiuqing. "Unpacking Conflict and Uncertainty in Decision Difficulty: Testing Action Dynamics in Intertemporal Choice, Gamble Choice, and Consumer Choice". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1458833187.
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Beville, S. T. "Modelling differences in angler choice behaviour with advanced discrete choice models". Lincoln University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/2332.
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New Zealand is internationally renowned for having some of the finest and most challenging trout fishing in the world. However, due to continuing development and angling pressure many fishing sites are showing signs of environmental degradation and over fishing. This trend is almost certain to continue into the future given continued population and economic growth. Understanding the determinants of site choice, preference heterogeneity and anglers’ substitution patterns is fundamentally important to fishery managers who have the difficult task of maintaining quality angling experiences on a number of fishing sites, managing angling pressure and maintaining license sales. Recent advances in simulation techniques and computational power have improved the capability of discrete choice models to reveal preference heterogeneity and complex substitution patterns among individuals. This thesis applies and evaluates a number of state-of-the-art discrete choice models to study angler site choice in New Zealand. Recreation specialisation theory is integrated into the analysis to enhance the behavioural representation of the statistical models. A suite of models is presented throughout the empirical portion of this thesis. These models demonstrate different ways and degrees of explaining preference heterogeneity as well as identifying anglers’ substitution patterns. The results show that North Canterbury anglers’ preferences vary considerably. Resource disturbances such as riparian margin erosion, reduced water visibility and declines in catch rates can cause significant declines in angler use of affected sites, and at the same time non-proportional increases in the use of unaffected sites. Recreation specialisation is found to be closely related to the types of fishing site conditions, experiences and regulations preferred by anglers. Anglers’ preference intensities for fishing site attributes, such as catch rates, vary across different types of fishing sites. This location specific preference heterogeneity is found to be related to specialisation. Overall, the empirical findings indicate that conventional approaches to modelling angler site choice which do not incorporate a strong understanding of angler preference heterogeneity can lead to poorly representative models and suboptimal management and policy outcomes.
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Freedman, Matthew L. "Location choice, product choice, and the human resource practices of firms". College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/7153.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2007.Thesis research directed by: Economics. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Hunt, John Douglas. "Modelling commuter parking location choice and its influence on mode choice". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.237902.
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Uchiyama, Motoshi 1962. "Technology choice and policy choice for CO₂ control of Japan's utilities". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29880.
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Ashiabor, Senanu Y. "Modeling Intercity Mode Choice and Airport Choice in the United States". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26221.
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The aim of this study was to develop a framework to model travel choice behavior in order to estimate intercity travel demand at nation-level in the United States. Nested and mixed logit models were developed to study national-level intercity transportation in the United States. A separate General Aviation airport choice model to estimates General Aviation person-trips and number of aircraft operations though more than 3000 airports was also developed. The combination of the General Aviation model and the logit models gives the capability to estimate a full spectrum of intercity travel demand in the United States.
The logit models were calibrated using a nationwide revealed preference survey (1995 American Travel Survey). Separate models were developed for business and non-business trip purposes. An airport choice model is integrated into the mode choice model to estimate both the market share between any origin-destination pair and other modes of transportation, and the market share split between airports associated with the origin-destination pairs. The explanatory variables used in the utility functions of the models are travel time, travel cost, and travelerâ s household income. The logit models are used to estimate the market share of automobile and commercial air transportation between 3091 counties and 443 commercial service airports in the United States. The model was also used to estimate market share for on-demand air taxi services. Given an input county-to-county trip demand table, the models were used to estimate county-to-county travel demand by automobile and commercial airline between all counties and commercial service airports in the United States. The model has been integrated into a computer software framework called the Transportation Systems Analysis Model (TSAM) that estimates nationwide intercity travel demand in the United States.Ph. D.
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Froilan, William S. "GENDER AND TRADITIONALITY OF OCCUPATIONAL CHOICE AS MODERATORS OF INTEREST-CHOICE AND SELF-EFFICACY CHOICE CONGRUENCE FOR COLLEGE STUDENTS". The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1269548179.
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Rahaley, Mary-Louise. "Reproductive technology : "freedom to choose" ; Catch 22 in choice and control /". Title page, contents and introduction only, 1993. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09arr147.pdf.
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Fayyaz, Muhammad. "Route choice behaviour of drivers under risky and uncertain travel times— stated choices and simulated experiences". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/26723.
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Route choice has been a topic of study for many decades to better understand the importance of various route attributes and to forecast behaviour in networks for transport planning purposes. Travel time and its unreliability is the most critical variable that influences drivers’ route choice decisions. There exist two cases of travel time unreliability, one under risk (where a driver can predict the likely travel times and their probability distribution, e.g., peak hour congestion) and one under uncertainty (where drivers cannot accurately predict their travel times on a route, e.g., traffic accident). To analyse drivers’ route choice behaviour there exist shortcomings from econometric and data collection perspectives.
This research examines how drivers perceive travel time unreliability under conditions of risk and uncertainty and how it affects their route choice decisions from two perspectives: theoretical (e.g. traditional econometric approaches, behavioural economics) and empirical (i.e. data collection methods). From econometric modelling perspective, models based on a combination of random utility theory (RUT) and non-expected utility theories are estimated, and results are compared with models based on RUT models to see what different insight each framework may reveal.
From a data collection perspective, two experiments are conducted, one under risky travel times and the other under uncertain travel times. In addition to stated preference (SP) surveys, this research exploits driving simulators where drivers not only experience travel times of their route choices but also experience travel time unreliability. Using a within-subjects treatment in both experiments, which ensures that the same respondents complete identical choice tasks in both experimental treatments, this is the first study of its kind that examines travel time unreliability under risk and under uncertainty in two SP data collection methods: typical SP surveys and driving simulator experiments.
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Mohaidin, Zurina. "Behavioural analytic approach to consumer choice as foraging". Thesis, Cardiff University, 2011. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/54461/.
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Human behaviour can be explained not only through experience and environments but also by incorporating evolutionary explanation. Consumer behaviour could not be understood accurately without infusing Darwinian evolutionary theory which has contributed in the knowledge of human nature. Evolutionary psychology revolves around the human's evolved mental and the impact on human's traits and behaviour where the influence of the environment to our genes would determine our individual behaviour and traits, resulting in variation among us. Foraging which is a part of behavioural ecology involves many sequences or repetitions of animals' activities and decision making which is useful to relate these patterns of activities to the decisions made in human consumption. The aim of this research is to investigate the similarities of human consumption and ecological behaviour by employing interpretative and comparative approach. It is hoped that by applying the evolutionary theory in explaining consumer choice, this study is able to contribute to the development of behavioural ecology in human consumption.
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Voß, Thorsten [Verfasser] y Florian [Akademischer Betreuer] Kraus. "The Impact of Choice Expression Modalities on Choice Rationality and Choice Satisfaction: An Empirical Investigation. / Thorsten Voß. Betreuer: Florian Kraus". Mannheim : Universitätsbibliothek Mannheim, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1098130871/34.
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Bown, Nicola Jane. "The lure of choice: The impact of increased choice on decision making". Thesis, University of Leeds, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.485960.
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Reported in this thesis are ten experiments involving a total of 2,426 participants, which investigated the lure ofchoice. The lure of choice is demonstrated when an item is more likely to be chosen when it is presented in a choice set with other items tha~ when it is presented in isolation. The lure of choice vioiates princ.iples.of rational decision making and can lead to sub-optimal decisions. In the early exploratory studies, participants made sequential selections between two target goods ancLone inferior lure item in lottery . games and in decisions embedded in realistic scenarios. The first decision was between either a solitary target or a further decision between the second target and the lure. Participants were lured by choice, and took the same target more frequently when it was paired with a lure than when it was alone. Later studies were designed to test the argument that the lure of choice is a. demonstration of an existing, well-documented context effect. Explanations of the asymmetric dominance effect failed to account for the lure of choice. The final set of studies was developed to demonstrate the applicability of the lure of choice in a range of domains, including replicating other relevant empirical studies. Results indicate that the lure of choice is a moderate but robust effect. Discussion (ocuses on attempts to resolve inconsistencies in the literature that on the one hand demonstrate that people crave choice, but on the other suggest in some situations too much choice can be demotivating or even harmful to the recipient. Conclusions suggest that the lure of choice is due to the overgeneralization of a preference for choice heuristic that has been very reliable in the natural world, but is less' so in a world created by marketers geared towards maximising consumption. Other real world implications of the lure of choice are discussed.
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Graham, Timothy. "Technologies of choice: The shaping of choice on the World Wide Web". Thesis, The University of Queensland, 2016. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/127914/1/83972436.pdf.
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Nowadays, choice is a ubiquitous aspect of everyday life. The emergence of the web has contributed to this explosion of choice, providing a seemingly endless landscape of goods and services to choose from. Whilst choice is held to be fundamental to individual freedom, wellbeing and self-identity, we currently have little understanding about how websites shape or govern choice, and what this might mean for individuals and society. This thesis undertakes a foundational examination of how choice is shaped in online spaces with respect to the design features and architecture of websites. Websites, or parts thereof, that are designed to enable users to navigate choice and compare between options to make decisions, are defined in this study as ‘Technologies of Choice’ (ToC).
In undertaking the study, a phased, mixed methods approach was used. Drawing on several fields of literature, including science and technology studies, Foucaultian social theory, current and emerging social perspectives of choice, and Internet studies, a conceptual framework was developed for examining how choice is constructed and governed on the web. The ToC conceptual framework has four over-arching dimensions: ‘Having Choice‘, ‘Facilitating Choice’, ‘Knowledge Production’, and ‘Configuring Users’. The conceptual framework was then elaborated through an analysis of websites, resulting in 12 ‘sub-dimensions’ and 56 ‘features’. The 12 sub-dimensions categorise sets of ToC features that shape choice in particular ways, for example, the ‘scale’ at which choice is provided or the different ‘characteristics of commensurability’ that make comparisons possible.
Following this, the resulting conceptual framework was applied as an analytical tool to categorise 500 top-ranking websites, using content analysis. Of these 500 websites, 193 (or 39%) were identified as ‘ToC websites’. The features of these 193 websites were analysed using descriptive statistics, multiple correspondence analysis, and hierarchical clustering, in order to determine the scale and patterns of distribution of ToC on the web, including whether there are broader ‘types’ of ToC that shape choice differently. ToC are found to be widespread on the web, constituting a kind of ‘infrastructure of modernity’. Whilst ToC are predominantly observed in the commercial settings of recreational services and personal goods, the thesis shows that they are also found in other contexts, including consumer information, health and social care, and in different countries. Although the choice-making literature focuses on comparisons between ‘products’, the study finds that ToC more commonly enable comparisons between private services (67% of ToC sites) than private goods (42% of ToC sites). Similarly, choice is not always global: a third of ToC websites scale down the options on offer, for example to a particular brand (e.g. Virgin Media or BMW).
Despite the ubiquity of ToC, the thesis finds diversity in their design. ToC features are not deployed uniformly on the web: some features are widely used (e.g. ‘sortable lists’ and ‘nominal ratings’), some less so (e.g. ‘binary ratings’ and ‘verified accounts / purchases’), and some are often deployed together. Analysing these patterns reveals two broad types or ‘modalities’ of ToC, representing two different sets of ToC features that tend to be deployed together: ‘Delimited and Objective ToC’ and ‘Produsing ToC’. These two ToC modalities shape choice differently in terms of epistemology, individualisation and subjectivity, and political economy. The two ToC modalities are productive of two different ‘truth games’, as they seek to differently define and produce ‘legitimate’ knowledge about the options that are compared within the website. For ‘Produsing ToC’ websites, the web space is reactive to, and links up with, the individual characteristics and social capacities of users, whereas ‘Delimited and Objective ToC’ websites tend to configure users as undifferentiated, anonymous readers. The two ToC modalities are also positioned differently in terms of political economy. ‘Delimited and Objective ToC’ websites tend to provide carefully curated choice, for example by delimiting the scale of choice whilst providing the feeling of informed and global choice. In contrast, ‘Produsing ToC’ websites are found to provide a sprawling and ‘hyper’ landscape of choice that operates in feedback loops between users and website operators, procedures of algorithmic sorting, and global market processes.
This thesis contributes to, and challenges, contemporary understandings of ‘choice’ in a web-mediated world. Theoretically and empirically, this study shows how seemingly mundane web-based technologies have a powerful and large-scale role in shaping individual and social realities: on the web, what appears as ‘free’ choice is highly shaped and governed. This study contributes a novel conceptual framework to the literature, providing a kind of ‘grammar’ to describe and analyse how choice is constructed on the web. Methodologically, the study makes a contribution to computational sociology, building theory by posing part of the analysis as a ‘data mining’ problem and using a novel application of statistical methods. Overall, the study charts new conceptual and empirical territory. It challenges the reader to think differently about the entangled trajectories of choice, technology, and consumerism.
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López, Rafael. "Essays on individual choice". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/289624.
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This thesis can be divided into two (unrelated) parts. The main part (Chapters 1 and 2)
focus on addiction models that entail departures from the classical discounting utility
model of Individual Intertemporal Choice: Habit-Formation and Self-Control problems.
The other part (Chapter 3) studies the famous p-Beauty Contest Game when we restrict
the individual’s choices to integer numbers.
In the first part, habit formation is the key feature for a product being addictive: a habit
is created when past consumption of the product increases current desire for
consumption. An addiction can be either beneficial (when past consumption increases
current utility, e.g. jogging) or harmful (when past consumption decreases current
utility, e.g. drug consumption). In general one could conceive of harmful addictions as
habit-forming activities that imply an immediate reward but generate future costs
(negative internalities) whereas beneficial addictions imply an immediate cost but
generate future rewards (positive internalities). Self-control problems are understood in
terms of time inconsistency: they arise when the individual cannot keep up with an
intended intertemporal plan of consumption.
In Chapter 1 we analyse a (harmful) addiction model proposed by O'Donoghue and
Rabin (O&R) for which they obtain a counterintuitive result: full awareness of selfcontrol
problems may exacerbate over-consumption. We show that this result arises
from their particular equilibrium selection for the induced intrapersonal game. We
provide dominating Markov Perfect equilibria where the paradox vanishes and that
seem more ''natural'' since they capture behaviours often observed in the realm of
addiction. We also address the issue of why a person could decide to start consuming
and possibly develop an addiction: contrary to O&R, and according to the common
intuition, we show that naiveté is at the essence.
In Chapter 2 we obtain an isomorphism between harmful and beneficial addictions in a
discrete-time binary choice context (the model of the first chapter being a particular
case of this context). The equivalence thus established allows us to study both
phenomena (harmful and beneficial addictions) as two sides of the same coin. Besides
the theoretical insight it provides, this dualism is also useful: in particular, it permits to
readily translate the results obtained in the first chapter to the domain of beneficial
addictions. Once the dualism is established, we analyse addictions under both timeconsistent
and time-inconsistent preferences.
In Chapter 3, we provide a full characterization of the pure-strategy Nash Equilibria for
the p-Beauty Contest Game when we restrict individual's choices to integer numbers.
Opposed to the case of real number choices, equilibrium uniqueness may be lost
depending on the value of p and the number of players: in particular, as p approaches 1
any symmetric profile constitutes a Nash Equilibrium. We also show that any
experimental p-Beauty Contest Game can be associated to a game with the integer
restriction and thus multiplicity of equilibria becomes an issue. Finally, we show that in
these games the iterated deletion of weakly dominated strategies may not lead to a
single outcome while the iterated best-reply process always does (though the outcome
obtained depends on the initial conditions).
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Hullgren, Maria. "The Mortgage Rate Choice". Licentiate thesis, KTH, Real Estate and Construction Management, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-11951.
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Henderson, Brian. "Parental choice of school". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/23984.
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The Education (Scotland) Act 1981 extended to parents the right to choose a school for their child subject to certain exclusions and restraints. This thesis examines such parents' decisions from the perspective of Expectancy theory. Three linked projects were carried out in Greenock and Edinburgh between 1982 and 1984. The first of these was a pilot study, which, although limited in scope and scale, clearly established the salience of the issue to parents. The second study was conducted by means of in-depth interviews with 45 parents within the catchment area of Ainslie Park High School in the North of the city of Edinburgh. For the third study, 110 parents from this, and an adjacent area were approached using a mailed questionnaire. The three studies in combination addressed the question of how parents were choosing to exercise their recently granted right. Parental choice as proposed by the Conservative government embodied certain assumptions central among which were that parents' desisions would be "informed" and of a sufficiently high quality to guide policy making at local levels. The research carried out in the three studies casts considerable doubt on this assumption. While parents' decisions could be successfully modelled using Expectancy Theory, its use was nevertheless shown to leave unanswered certain key issues within the process. The final model of parental choice proposed by the research attempts to both model and describe the process by which parents come to consider change, assess alternatives, and make their decisions. It does so using a synthesis of previously uncombined theoretical perspectives.
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He, Xuedong. "Non-Utility portfolio choice". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.504477.
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Mollaret, Sébastian. "Collateral choice option valuation". Thesis, KTH, Matematisk statistik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-161068.
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A bank borrowing some money has to give some securities to the lender, which is called collateral. Different kinds of collateral can be posted, like cash in different currencies or a stock portfolio depending on the terms of the contract, which is called a Credit Support Annex (CSA). Those contracts specify eligible collateral, interest rate, frequency of collateral posting, minimum transfer amounts, etc. This guarantee reduces the counterparty risk associated with this type of transaction. If a CSA allows for posting cash in different currencies as collateral, then the party posting collateral can, now and at each future point in time, choose which currency to post. This choice leads to optionality that needs to be accounted for when valuing even the most basic of derivatives such as forwards or swaps. In this thesis, we deal with the valuation of embedded optionality in collateral contracts. We consider the case when collateral can be posted in two different currencies, which seems sufficient since collateral contracts are soon going to be simplified. This study is based on the conditional independence approach proposed by Piterbarg [8]. This method is compared to both Monte-Carlo simulation and finite- difference method. A practical application is finally presented with the example of a contract between Natixis and Barclays.
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Oliver, Georgina. "Stress and food choice". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.299341.
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Kingston, John Louis James. "Choice and religious belief". Thesis, Heythrop College (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325610.
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Yee, Michael 1978. "Inferring noncompensatory choice heuristics". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/36226.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Operations Research Center, 2006.Includes bibliographical references (p. 121-128).
Human decision making is a topic of great interest to marketers, psychologists, economists, and others. People are often modeled as rational utility maximizers with unlimited mental resources. However, due to the structure of the environment as well as cognitive limitations, people frequently use simplifying heuristics for making quick yet accurate decisions. In this research, we apply discrete optimization to infer from observed data if a person is behaving in way consistent with a choice heuristic (e.g., a noncompensatory lexicographic decision rule). We analyze the computational complexity of several inference related problems, showing that while some are easy due to possessing a greedoid language structure, many are hard and likely do not have polynomial time solutions. For the hard problems we develop an exact dynamic programming algorithm that is robust and scalable in practice, as well as analyze several local search heuristics. We conduct an empirical study of SmartPhone preferences and find that the behavior of many respondents can be explained by lexicographic strategies.
(cont.) Furthermore, we find that lexicographic decision rules predict better on holdout data than some standard compensatory models. Finally, we look at a more general form of noncompensatory decision process in the context of consideration set formation. Specifically, we analyze the computational complexity of rule-based consideration set formation, develop solution techniques for inferring rules given observed consideration data, and apply the techniques to a real dataset.
by Michael J. Yee.
Ph.D.
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Williams, Barika X. (Barika Xaviera). "Planning for school choice". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/59771.
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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2010.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 66-71).
The image of the picturesque urban schoolhouse is increasingly becoming a thing of the past. City schools were viewed with fear or disdain. The urban school's image shifted to an unruly coop for 'dangerous' unteachable students. This stark juxtaposition reflects the gradual transition in the urban environment. Charter schools have emerged as a relatively new component available to meet urban families' education needs and provide a new image of the city school, yet to be formed. Planning has largely failed to acknowledge or address the changing urban education environment. We continue to plan our cities with the assumption of the old image of the neighborhood schoolhouse. However, through charter schools, the urban education environment is being redefined. This thesis analyzes the educational environment of students and school location in Washington, DC to assess to what extent charter schools revitalize the possibility of obtaining high quality, neighborhood schools. Through analysis of quantitative data, I compare three factors between neighborhood schools and area charter school options: student population characteristics, school academic results, and student mobility and access to the school. The analysis identifies three distinct school systems within the city, each with a different role for charter school. I suggest how urban planners might respond to city's new educational environment in order to repair the links between schools and neighborhoods.
by Barika X Williams.
M.C.P.
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Kantas, Artistotelis. "Occupational choice and values". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/18334.
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Damera, Vijay Kumar. "Essays on school choice". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2018. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4d713003-6586-4d40-9b60-41c794544bed.
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This thesis, written in a three-article/chapter format, explores several questions that are at the centre of the theoretical and empirical debates around school choice in developing countries. The implementation of India's national school choice policy provides the context for this inquiry. The policy (hereafter referred to as the 25 percent mandate) sets aside 25 percent of places in private schools for children from disadvantaged backgrounds with government paying the tuition fee to private schools. The empirical analysis in based on three primary datasets and several secondary data sources relating to the applicants to the 25 percent mandate (children aged 7-8 years) in the south Indian state of Karnataka.
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Costa, Matheus Schmeling. "Single-crossing choice correspondences". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2018. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/32145.
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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Administração, Contabilidade e Economia, Departamento de Economia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Economia, 2018.Submitted by Raquel Viana (raquelviana@bce.unb.br) on 2018-06-26T12:06:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2018_MatheusSchmelingCosta.pdf: 406171 bytes, checksum: 30cc47cd05b98eb3934030fd7c78d39b (MD5)
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Métodos clássicos de estática comparativa usualmente se baseiam em hipóteses sobre formas funcionais para derivar explicitamente relações entre variáveis endógenas e exógenas, no teorema da função implícita quando nenhuma forma funcional é assumida, ou em teorias de dualidade quando existem funções duais. Entre as diversas propriedades que as preferências de uma gente podem satisfazer existem duas conhecidas por seus resultados interessantes. Primeiramente, a propriedade de cruzamento-único, que permite a ordenação de uma população de agentes com respeiro a uma classificação particular às alternativas disponíveis. E em segundo lugar, a propriedade de pico-único, que exclui a ocorrência de ciclos de condorcet quando o sistema de decisão é a votação majoritária aos pares. Neste trabalho nós caracterizamos as condições suficientes e necessárias sobre correspondências de escolha para que elas possuam uma representação pseudo-racional que satisfaça estas propriedades.
Classic comparative statics methods relies most commonly on functional form assumptions in order to explicitly derive relations between endogenous and exogenous variables, on the implicit function theorem when no functional form is assumed, or in duality theories when a dual functions exists. Among the several properties an agent’s preferences may have there are two known for it’s interesting results. First, the single-crossing property, that allows for the ordering of a population of agents with respect to a particular classification of the options available. And secondly, the single-peaked property, that rules out the occurrence of condorcet cycles when the decision system is majority vote by pairs. In this paper we characterize some sufficient and necessary conditions over choice correspondences so that they have a pseudo-rational representation satisfying these properties.
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Sataieva y Syrotiuk. "CHOICE OF AIRCRAFT SIZE". Thesis, Київ 2018, 2018. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/33897.
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Koinange, Wanjiru. "The Havoc of choice". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12845.
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Includes bibliographical references.Kavata knows one thing to be true: when it comes to politics, there is no such thing as holy ground. So when she starts a family of her own, she does everything possible to distance herself from her unscrupulous father, and strives to raise her children as honestly and modestly as she possibly can. When her father, Honorable Muli, retires from government claiming that he would like to spend more time with his grandchildren, Kavata indulges him. She allows him to weasel his way back into her life hopeful that her children might have the relationship with her father that she never had. By the time she realizes what Honorable Muli is really up to, it is too late. He has already persuaded Ngugi, Kavata’s husband, to contest the upcoming election for the same seat that he himself held for sixteen years. It’s election time and for a fleeting moment, Kenyans can once again taste sweet power as they make their choices at the polls. In the days leading to the election, Kavata is forced to make a different, more drastic kind of decision; one with repercussions much greater than she could have imagined. The Havoc of Choice is a story about family, politics and journeying through a fractured country in a delicate time. Based on events around the historical election of 2007, the book follows the lives of Kavata and her family at a time when their country was going through one hundred days of violence, shortly after the poll results were announced.
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Allen, Cristian. "The Axiom of Choice". VCU Scholars Compass, 2010. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2145.
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We will discuss the 9th axiom of Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory with choice, which is often abbreviated ZFC, since it includes the axiom of choice (AC). AC is a controversial axiom that is mathematically equivalent to many well known theorems and has an interesting history in set theory. This thesis is a combination of discussion of the history of the axiom and the reasoning behind why the axiom is controversial. This entails several proofs of theorems that establish the fact that AC is equivalent to such theorems and notions as Tychonoff's Theorem, Zorn's Lemma, the Well-Ordering Theorem, and many more.