Tesis sobre el tema "Chirurgia pancreatica"
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Gineste, Jean-Christophe. "Indications chirurgicales dans les pancréatites aiguës : à propos de 100 cas". Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR23085.
Texto completoCatena, Fausto <1971>. "Le infezioni in corso di pancreatite acuta necrotizzante: studio sperimentale nel ratto". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2007. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4190/1/Tesi_Catena.pdf.
Texto completoCatena, Fausto <1971>. "Le infezioni in corso di pancreatite acuta necrotizzante: studio sperimentale nel ratto". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2007. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4190/.
Texto completoCONTINO, GIANMARCO. "Rational design of targeted therapies for Pancreatic adenocarcinoma in K-ras GEMMs". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/55465.
Texto completoPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest cancers in western countries, with a median survival of 6 months and an extremely low percentage of long-term surviving patients. KRAS mutations are known to be a driver event of PDAC, but targeting mutant KRAS has proved challenging. As new targeted agents are becoming available for clinical trial we aimed to design improved therapeutic approaches for the treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by means of in vitro and in vivo models of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Methods We analyzed the results of a high-throughput screening of >500 human cancer cell lines (including 46 PDAC lines), for sensitivity to 50 clinically-relevant compounds. We designed two different strategies including 1) a JAK2 inhibitor that blocks STAT3 function and 2) a MEK1/2 inhibitor, AZD-6244, for efficacy alone or in combination with the PI3K inhibitors, BKM-120 or GDC-0941, in a KRASG12D-driven GEMM that recapitulates the multi-step pathogenesis of human PDAC. Results 1) JAK2 inhibitor: Large-scale screening of cancer cell lines with a JAK2 inhibitor that blocks STAT3 function revealed a >30-fold range in sensitivity in PDAC, and showed a close correlation of sensitivity with levels of tyrosine-phosphorylated STAT3 and of the gp130 receptor, an upstream signaling component. Correspondingly, upregulation of the IL6/LIF-gp130 pathway accounted for the strong STAT3 activation in PDAC subsets. To define functions of STAT3 in vivo, we developed mouse models that test the impact of conditional inactivation of STAT3 in KRAS-driven PDAC. We showed that STAT3 is required for the development of the earliest pre-malignant pancreatic lesions, acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM) and pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN). Moreover, acute STAT3 inactivation blocked PDAC initiation in a second in vivo model. Our results demonstrate that STAT3 has critical roles throughout the course of PDAC pathogenesis, supporting the development of therapeutic approaches targeting this pathway. Moreover, our work suggests that gp130 and phospho-STAT3 expression may be effective biomarkers for predicting response to JAK2 inhibitors. 2) MEK1/2/PI3K inhibitors: In vitro screens revealed that PDAC cell lines are relatively resistant to single-agent therapies. The response profile to the MEK1/2 inhibitor, AZD-6244, was an outlier, showing the highest selective efficacy in PDAC. While MEK inhibition alone was mainly cytostatic, apoptosis was induced when combined with PI3K inhibitors (BKM-120 or GDC-0941). When tested in a PDAC GEMM and compared to the single agents or vehicle controls, the combination delayed tumor formation in the setting of prevention and extended survival when used to treat advanced tumors, although no durable responses were observed. Conclusions: Our studies point to 1)JAK2 as a therapeutic target in GP130 high pancreatic cancers and 2) important contributions of MEK and PI3K signaling to PDAC pathogenesis suggesting that dual targeting of these pathways may provide benefit in some PDAC patients.
DUPUYS, FRANCOIS. "Traitement chirurgical de la pancreatite chronique par kysto-duodenostomie ou wirsungo-sphincteroclasie". Lille 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LIL2M080.
Texto completoMAFFICINI, Andrea. "Nuovi approcci proteomici per l'identificazione di potenziali marcatori di neoplasie pancreatiche". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Verona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/337987.
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Lubrano, Jean. "Facteurs pronostiques et thérapeutiques après traitement chirurgical de l'adénocarcinome du pancréas céphalique". Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMC422/document.
Texto completoThe third World Day on pancreatic cancer took place the 17th November 2016. This late consideration is due to the duality between his relative scarcity and a dreadful prognosis.Its aggressiveness is underlined by a mortality rate equal to its incidence. Ranked 10th on cancer-related localization and 4th on cancer-related mortality, he will become the second cause of cancer-related deaths in 2020 just behind pulmonary cancer and before colorectal cancer. 5-yr survival rate is 5% irrespective of the stage.Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is the most frequent form (80% of exocrine pancreatic tumors). He is localized in cephalic pancreas in 2/3 of cases.Although pancreatic resection provides the only chance of long-term survival, no more than 20% of patients will be eligible for surgery in curative intent leading to a 5-yr survival rate of 10 to 20%. Pancreaticoduodenectomy for pancreatic head, neck and uncinated process is still a challenging procedure. In the study of the French Surgery Association, mortality and morbidity rate were respectively 3.8% and 54%. Postoperative pancreatic fistula is considered as the Achilles’ heel of pancreaticoduodenectomy and is associated with increased post-operative mortality. Postoperative pancreatic fistula generates significant costs and prolonged hospital stay. Thus postoperative pancreatic fistula is the corner stone of patient’s prognosis improvement.The aim of this study on operated pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma was to analyze several factors influencing morbidity and mortality.- Before surgery, by testing the impact of body surface area in a cohort of patients.- During surgery, by conducting a meta-analysis on reconstruction methods for pancreatic anastomosis.- After surgery, by evaluating the influence of severe complications on survival and recurrence.We show that the use of various surgical refinements, such as type of pancreatic anastomoses, are equivocal to decrease postoperative pancreatic fistula rate and that performing randomized controlled trials will be difficult. In contrast, the search for patient’s factors leading to postoperative pancreatic fistula seems to be the promising approach. This is of major concern as we demonstrated the causal link between the occurrence of severe postoperative complications and survival or recurrence. This work highlights the need for surgeons to distinguish during preoperative consultation high-risk patients in order to select the best candidates suitable for surgery as well as to give them a full and frank information ethically necessary for free and informed consent
Pichelin, Michelle. "Intérêt de l'imagerie médicale dans l'indication opératoire des pancréatites aigue͏̈s graves : à propos de 10 cas cliniques". Montpellier 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON11049.
Texto completoDesfourneaux, Véronique. "Place de la duodéno-pancréatectomie céphalique dans le traitement de la pancréatite chronique calcifiante : à propos de 20 observations". Bordeaux 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR23091.
Texto completoDistler, Marius, Felix Rückert, Maximilian Hunger, Stephan Kersting, Christian Pilarsky, Hans-Detlev Saeger y Robert Grützmann. "Evaluation of survival in patients after pancreatic head resection for ductal adenocarcinoma". Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-127053.
Texto completoRUSSO, MICAELA. "MULTIMODAL IMAGING IN ONCOLOGY RESEARCH: MRI AND BIOLUMINESCENCE STUDIES IN A MURINE MODEL OF PANCREATIC CANCER". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/219127.
Texto completoChouiali, Ahlem. "Comparaison de deux méthodes de mesure de la vitamine D en post chirurgie bariatrique malabsorptive de type dérivation bilio-pancréatique". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11786.
Texto completoAbstract : Introduction: The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D may reach 90 % in patients after BPD despite supplementation with mega doses of vitamin D. Although LC-MS/MS is the gold standard for vitamin D measurements, it is not routinely use in clinical practice. Our hypothesis is that methods of assays currently used in laboratories of Medical Biochemistry for evaluation of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D may not recognize equimolarly the two forms of 25-OH-D (D2 and D3) thus overestimating the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency supplemented with D2 and exposing patients to the risk of toxicity. Objective: Our objective was to compare the ECLIA from Roche versus the LC-MS/MS method for quantitation of serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D in patients who have undergone bariatric surgery. Design and methods: Cross-sectional and correlational study was performed on three different groups for the 25-OH-D levels quantitated by both methods. The control group of apparently healthy subjects (n=48) was randomly selected in a clinical chemistry laboratory. Test groups were patients who had undergone bilio-pancreatic diversion (BPD) and were supplemented either with vitamin D2 (n=30) or with vitamin D3 (n=44). Patients were recruited during their follow-up visit to the obesity clinics at the CHUS and at the IUCPQ. The number of samples per group was established according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute recommendation protocol (EPO9-A2-IR). The study comparing methods (linear regression, Deming and Bland-Altman bias) was performed using the Analyse-it software program considering p < 0.05 as statistically significant. Results: The agreement of LC-MS/MS with the Roche method was acceptable in the apparently healthy subjects group and in the post-BPD D3-supplemented group with an average bias of -1.7% and -9.2%, respectively. However, this agreement was unacceptable in the post-BPD D2-supplemented group with an average bias of -45.3%. The LC-MS/MS enabled us to detect four patients (13%) who had excess vitamin D or intoxication with vitamin D for which it was necessary to stop the supplementation with vitamin D in the D2 -supplemented group. Conclusion: Despite the apparent good agreement between the Roche method and LCMS/MS in the healthy subjects group and in the post-DBP D3-supplemented patient group, a considerable bias seems to exist, particularly in the presence of D2. Results showed that the routine method underestimated total vitamin D ad 95.7% in patients post BPD supplemented with D2. The LC-MS/MS method is therefore the most accurate method to follow the vitamin D2-supplemented bariatric population. This study could generalize the results to all types of bariatric surgeries and other patients such as renal impairment. The study could also update the recommendations of the postbariatric surgery monitoring, and suggest making changes to the clinical practices so as to optimize the choices of vitamin D supplements (D2 vs D3) depending on the assay method available. It could also guide laboratories in choosing methods depending on dosage of clients served.
Chen, Chien-Chia. "Réponse humorale alloimmune après greffe d’îlots pancréatiques : caractéristiques et impact sur la fonction du greffon". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1040.
Texto completoType 1 diabetes, the most prevalent chronic diseases of childhood, is caused by an autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic insulin-producing ß cells, the unique cells responsible for glucose level regulation.In contrast to exogenous insulin administration, pancreatic islet grafting restores endogenous secretion, which more efficiently prevents secondary end-organ complications and life-threatening events.Unfortunately, islet graft function decreases over time due to alloimmune response that developed against donor-specific HLA molecules. Recipient’s adaptive immune system can destroy allogeneic islets through two distinct mechanisms: cellular rejection by cytotoxic T-cells and antibody-mediated rejection (AMR). Donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies (DSA) are increasingly recognized as the prime cause of solid organ transplant failure, but the impact of the humoral alloimmune response of recipient on islet graft remains ill defined.Our thesis aimed at: i) characterizing the humoral alloimmune response of islet graft recipients, and ii) determining the impact of DSA on islet graft.Our work confirms that islet grafting is an HLA sensitizing event for recipients. The risk of DSA generation increases with the reduction/discontinuation of immunosuppressive drugs. However, in contrast with solid organ transplantation, DSA did not negatively impact graft survival in the clinic. Using a combination of murine models, we demonstrate that allogeneic islets are indeed resistant to AMR despite the fact that DSA can destroy islet cells in vitro. The resistance of allogeneic islets to AMR is explained by the combination of i) vascular sequestration of DSA, which are unable to access the allogeneic ß cells in vivo and ii) the fact that unlike vascularization of transplanted organs (that comes from the donor), islet graft vascularization develops from the recipient
Vernerey, Dewi. "Méthodologie statistique pour la prédiction du risque et la construction de score pronostique en transplantation rénale et en oncologie : une pierre angulaire de la médecine de précision". Thesis, Besançon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BESA3004/document.
Texto completoPrognosis is historically a basic concept of medicine. Hippocrates already considered the prognosis of disease as the study of the past circumstances, the establishment of the present state of health and finally the prediction of future events. He presented the prognosis as the ability to interpret these elements and to adapt the prognosis regarding their relative values. Currently, the prognostic research is still based on the examination of the relationship between a well-established health condition at the time of the investigation and the occurrence of an event. The increase in life expectancy implies that more and more people are living with one or more diseases or with problems that can impair their health status. In this context, the study of the prognosis has never been more important. However, in comparison with the field of randomized clinical trials in which the CONSORT statement recommendations are implemented for more than 20 years in order to guarantee quality research, the prognostic research only begins to develop similar initiatives. Indeed, in 2015 the TRIPOD statement recommendations were provided and in 2013 a working group called PROGRESS was constituted in the United Kingdom and its members made the observation that prognostic researches are developed with considerable heterogeneity in the methodology used and unfortunately do not always meet the quality standards required to support their conclusions and their reproducibility (...)
ARMATURA, Giulia. "IRREVERSIBLE ELECTROPORATION FIRST STEPS TOWARDS CELLULAR SURGERY". Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/710161.
Texto completoThe permeability of the cell membrane could be increased by intense but short electrical fields in a process called electroporation. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a tissue ablation technique in which electrical pulses are delivered to undesirable tissue to produce cell necrosis through irreversible cell membrane permeabilization that leads to cell apoptosis and has recently begun to emerge as an important minimally invasive non-thermal ablation technique. Treatment options for locally advanced pancreatic cancer are limited and plenty of complications and survival and quality of life of these patients still remains really poor despite advances in cancer multimodal therapies. Ten patients with unresectable non metastatic pancreatic cancer non responsive to chemo or chemoradiotherapy were enrolled: they underwent IRE application using Nanoknife System during laparotomy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and feasibility of the IRE to treat locally advanced pancreatic cancer. The IRE application was well-tolerated in all patients and there were no procedural or immediate post-procedural complications; the most frequent adverse event was abdominal pain after procedure. Mean time from treatment to death was 7.6 months and mean time from diagnosis to death was 16.8 months; overall survival of our patients was longer compared with a group of patients who received palliative surgery and chemotherapy and with overall survival in literature of patients in the same stage treated with chemo/chemoradiotherapy protocols alone.
CRISTOFORI, Chiara. "STUDIO DI VALUTAZIONE A LUNGO TERMINE DELLA FUNZIONE ESOCRINA E DEI VOLUMI PANCREATICI RESIDUI IN PAZIENTI SOTTOPOSTI A CHIRURGIA RESETTIVA". Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/910182.
Texto completoIntroduction. The anastomosis of the residual pancreas with digestive tract after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is a critical aspect in the management of the surgical patient that can affect many variables ranging from the quality of life to the development of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. The standard technique of pancreo-jejunal-anastomosis (PJ) is often replaced by pancreo-gastro-anastomosis (PG), more easy to perform and with fewer complications. There is no long-term study of comparison between the two types of anastomosis. Material and Methods. We evaluated 31 patients after duodeno-cefalo-pancreatectomy (DCP) for pancreatic tumor from 2001 to 2006. All were hospitalized and submitted to morphological and functional studies. We studied the pancreatic volume and the diameter of the main pancreatic duct (MRI), the exocrine function of the pancreas (fecal fat, fecal-elastase and vitamin D) and endocrine function. The quality of life was assessed using the EORTC QLQ-C30. It was reported the mean ± 1 standard error. The normality of the distribution was investigated by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and the correlation between independent variables by the Bravais-Pearson test. Results. We studied 31 patients (15 with PG and 16 PJ). No difference was found in the duration of follow-up, BMI, endocrine function, symptom scores and quality of life. The exocrine pancreatic function is worse after PG than after PJ (steatorrhea 26.6 ± 4.1 vs 18.2 ± 3.6 g/day; FE-1 170.2 ± 25.5 vs 121.4 ± 6.7 µg/g). There is a reduction of vitamin D (higher in PG compared to PJ) (18.1 ± 1.8 vs 23.2 ± 3.1 ng / ml). The MRI showed a severe reduction in the residual pancreatic volume (lower in PG than PJ: 26±3.1 vs 36±4.1 ml), and an increase in the diameter of the pancreatic duct after PG (4.6 ± 0.92 vs 2.4 ± PJ of 0.18 mm), indicative of obstructive pancreatitis. Conclusion. After DCP there is a marked reduction both of the residual pancreatic volume both of the functional capacity of the pancreas which lead to steatorrhea. In the long term no differences in quality of life was found between operated patients and controls. Digestive symptoms suggestive of malabsorption or malnutrition not differ from that observed in a "normal" population-patient. However there is frequently a lack of important micronutrients, such as vitamin D and all patients needed important enzyme replacement, regardless of the set of symptoms presented
MALLEO, Giuseppe. "STUDIO PROSPETTICO MULTICENTRICO SULLA GESTIONE DEI DRENAGGI DOPO DUODENOCEFALOPANCREASECTOMIA UTILIZZANDO UN SISTEMA DI STRATIFICAZIONE DEL RISCHIO". Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/939513.
Texto completoObjective: This multicenter study sought to prospectively evaluate a drain management protocol for pancreatoduodenectomy (PD). Background: Recent evidence suggests value for both selective drain placement and early drain removal for PD. Both strategies have been associated with reduced rates of clinically relevant pancreatic fistula (CR-POPF) – the most common and morbid complication following PD. Methods: The protocol was applied to 260 consecutive PDs performed at two institutions over 17 months. Risk for ISGPF CR-POPF was determined intra-operatively using the Fistula Risk Score (FRS); drains were omitted in negligible/low risk patients and drain fluid amylase (DFA) was measured on POD1 for moderate/high risk patients. Early drain removal (POD3) occurred for patients with POD1 DFA ≤5000 U/L, while patients with POD1 DFA >5000 U/L were managed by clinical discretion. Outcomes were compared with a historical cohort (N=557; 2011-2014). Results: Fistula risk did not differ between cohorts (Median FRS: 4 vs. 4; p=0.933). No CR-POPFs developed in the 70 (29.4%) negligible/low risk patients. Overall CR-POPF rates were significantly lower following protocol implementation (11.2 vs 20.6%, p=0.001). The protocol cohort also demonstrated lower rates of severe complications, any complication, reoperation, and percutaneous drainage (all p<0.05). These patients also experienced reduced hospital stay (8 vs. 9 days, p=0.001). There were no differences between cohorts in bile or chyle leaks. Conclusion: Drains can be safely obviated for one-quarter of PDs. Drain amylase analysis identifies which moderate/high risk patients benefit from early drain removal. This data-driven, risk-stratified approach has significantly decreased the occurrence of clinically relevant pancreatic fistula.
CAVALLINI, Alvise. "Endoscopic management of pseudocyts following resection for pancreatic neoplasia or pancreatitis: a comparative study with long term follow-up". Doctoral thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/348945.
Texto completoBACKGROUND: Endoscopy has been regarded as an effective modality for draining pancreatic collections, pseudocysts, and abscesses. This study analyzes our experience with endoscopic transmural drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts and compares the outcomes in patients with postsurgical and pancreatitis-associated ones. METHODS: Patients who underwent endoscopic drainage of a pancreatic pseudocyst from January 1999 through June 2008 were included in this retrospective analysis. The specific indication for attempting the procedure was the presence of direct contact between the pseudocyst and the gastric wall. All the drainages were carried out via a transgastric approach, and one or two straight plastic stents (10 or 11.5 French) were positioned. A comparative analysis of short- and long-term results was made between patients with postoperative pseudocysts (group A) and patients with pancreatitis-associated pseudocysts (group B). RESULTS: Fifty-five patients were included in the study, 25 in group A and 30 in group B. Overall, a single stent was inserted in 84.0% of patients, while two stents were needed in the remaining 16.0%. The technical success rate was 78.2%, whereas procedure-related complications were 16.4%. Complications included pseudocyst superinfection and major bleeding and were managed mainly by surgery. Mortality rate was 1.8% (1 patient). There were no significant differences in the technical success rate and procedure-related complications between the two groups (p = 0.532 and 0.159, respectively) Recurrences were 13.9% and significantly more common in group B (p = 0.021). In such cases, a second endoscopic drainage was successfully performed. CONCLUSION: Transmural endoscopic treatment of pancreatic pseudocysts is feasible and has a technical success rate of 78.2%, without differences related to the pseudocyst etiology. Recurrences, on the other hand, are more common in patients with pancreatitis. Given the severe complications that may occur after the procedure, we recommend that endoscopic drainage be performed in a tertiary-care center with specific expertise in pancreatic surgery.
SHAMALI, Awad. "Surgical management of Pancreatic Mucinous Cystic Neoplasms (MCNs)". Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/961830.
Texto completoSCATTOLINI, Chiara. "Caratterizzazione clinica, diagnostica e morfologica di particolari forme di malattie infiammatorie del pancreas: pancreatite associata a mutazioni geniche e pancreatite autoimmune". Doctoral thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/337395.
Texto completoIntroduction: the aim of the studies was to evaluate chronic pancreatitis associated to gene mutations and autoimmune pancreatitis. In chronic pancreatitis associated to gene mutations, the search was addressed to evaluate (1) clinical-morphological evolution and (2) radiological characteristic of pancreatic calcifications compared with chronic pancreatitis negative to genetic tests. In autoimmune pancreatitis, the search was addressed (3) to evaluate clinical aspects and evolution of diffuse and focal forms and (4) to find a serological marker of the disease. Results and conclusions: (1) Radiological, clinical and functional investigation of 34 patients suffering from chronic pancreatitis associated with CFTR, SPINK1 and PRSS1 genes mutations compared with 164 patients with chronic pancreatitis and negative genetic tests. Conclusions: a.The clinical outcome of patients suffering from chronic pancreatitis associated with genes mutations seems to be different from those with negative genetic tests. b.The onset of pancreatic exocrine and endocrine insufficiency seems to be delayed in patients with chronic pancreatitis and gene mutations. c.Alcohol, even in small quantities, and cigarette smoking consumption enhance the onset of pancreatic calcifications in patients with chronic pancreatitis associated with gene mutations. (2)Role of CT in the evaluations of the presence of pancreatic calcifications to distinguish 16 patients suffering from chronic pancreatitis associated with gene mutations from 32 with negative genetic tests. Conclusions: diameter of pancreatic calcifications (>15 mm) and “bull’s eye” aspects are strongly correlated with positive genetic tests. (3) Clinical and radiological characteristic of patients suffering from 87 patients suffering from autoimmune pancreatitis (55 of focal and 32 of diffuse type), followed for a long period of time. Conclusions: a.Focal and diffuse type of the disease are clinically different. b.Ulcerative colitis is the most common autoimmune disease associated with autoimmune pancreatitis. c.Recurrences of the disease are more commonly observed in aged patients, with focal form, in smokers and in patients with elevated serum level of IgG4. d.The onset of exocrine and endocrine pancreatic insufficiency is not related to surgery and seems to be progressive, suggesting that the process is chronic even in the absence of clinical signs. (4) Identification of a serological marker able to discriminate between autoimmune pancreatitis and pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Conclusions: a 7 amminoacids-peptide, that present a homology with a H.pylori protein, was recognized by serum of patients suffering from autoimmune pancreatitis. This peptide is able to discriminate these patients from those suffering from inflammatory and neoplastic pancreatic diseases, particularly from pancreatic adenocarcinoma, and from other autoimmune diseases.
CRIPPA, Stefano. "THE VALUE OF (18)FLUOR-DEOXYGLUCOSE POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY/COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (18FDG-PET/CT) IN RESECTABLE PANCREATIC CANCER: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY". Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/528949.
Texto completoBackground and aim : Whole-body (18)fluor-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has emerged as a promising diagnostic modality in different tumors. The role and the utility of (18)FDG-PET/CT in resectable pancreatic cancer is debated. Aim of the present work was to assess prospectively the value of (18)FDG-PET/CT in addition to conventional imaging as a staging modality in candidates for resection of resectable pancreatic cancer. Secondary aim is to correlate (18)FDG-PET/CT results with tumor-recurrence after resection. Material and methods : Whole-body (18)FDG-PET/CT was performed in 72 patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma who were judged resectable at high-resolution imaging. Neoadjuvant therapy was performed in the 14% of cases. Maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) was evaluated 60 minutes after FDG injection. PET/TC was considered "positive" for pancreatic cancer when SUV > 3. Results : 8/72 (11%) patients were spared unwarranted resection since (18)FDG-PET/CT detected synchronous advanced lung cancer (n=1) or metastatic disease (n=7). Median CA 19.9 was 48.8 U/mL for the entire cohort and 292 U/mL for seven patients with metastases (p=0.112). In other two patients (18)FDG-PET/CT identified one colon carcinoma and a thoracic neurinoma. 15/72 (21%) patients had low metabolic activity (SUVmax<3), and 60% of these patients had undergone neoadjuvant treatment (p=0.0001). At laparotomy 3/64 (5%) patients did not undergo resection because of locally-advanced (n=1) or metastatic disease (n=2). 61 patients underwent pancreatic resections with curative intent. N1 rate was 77%, with a median of 33 resected nodes. In 8/61 (13%) patients (18)FDG-PET/CT identified metastatic lymph nodes that required an extension of lymphadenectomy. Sensitivity and specificity of (18)FDG-PET/CT for the detection of metastatic disease were 78% and 100%, respectively. Median follow-up for resected patients was 10 months and 53% of them developed recurrence. No significant correlation between SUVmax values and disease-free survival was found. Conclusions : (18)FDG-PET/CT findings resulted in changes of therapeutic management/operative procedures in one third of patients. (18)FDG-PET/CT improves staging of patients with resectable pancreatic cancer. Neoadjuvant treatment is significantly associated with low metabolic activity limiting the value of (18)FDG-PET/CT in this setting.
BONINSEGNA, Letizia. "Incidental nonfunctioning pancreatic endocrine tumors: clinical and surgical implications". Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/394335.
Texto completoIntroduction: the widespread use of imaging techniques allowed increasing incidentally detection of asymptomatic non-functioning PNETs (NF-PNETs). Incidental non-functioning PNETs (I-NF-PETs) are usually smaller and lower in stage than symptomatic NF-PNETs (S-NF-PETs) and incidental detection seems to be an important favourable prognostic factor even after accounting for tumor stage, grade and location. There is a complete lack of data as regards of the admitted correct management of asymptomatic patients with potentially benign NF-PET. Aims:1) to define the biological behaviour of I-NF-PETs who underwent surgical resection and 2) to evaluate a follow-up policy in the management of I-NF-PNETs at stage I. Methods: All patients with a pathologically confirmed diagnosis of sporadic NF-PETs who underwent resection at the Departments of Surgery of the University of Verona and of Ospedale “Sacro Cuore – Don Calabria” of Negrar between 1990 and 2011 were included. A comparison of demographic, clinical and pathological characteristics between I-NF-PETs and S-NF-PETs was made. Statistical analyses were performed to identify differences in biological behavior between I-NF-PETs and S-NF-PETs. Results: A total of 131 patients (42.8%) had diagnosis of I-NF-PETs and the remaining 175 patients (57.2%) had diagnosis of S-NF-PETs. No sex predilection was observed (p=0.752). The median patient age was for male: 62 years (range 24 – 83) and 55 (range 17 – 78) with I-NF-PET and S-NF-PET diagnosis respectively; for female was 55 years (range 35 – 72) and 53 (range 25 – 74) with I-NF-PET and S-NF-PET (p= 0.223) respectively. The most common location of I-NF-PETs was in the body-tail of the pancreas (65 cases, 49.6%), whereas S-NF-PETs were most commonly founding both in the body-tail (56.6%) and in the head of the pancreas (38.3%) (p= <0.001). Clear surgical margins (R0) were obtained in 123 patients (93.9%) with I-NF-PET and in 131 patients (74.9%) with S-NF-PET (p<0.001). Median tumor size was lesser for I-NF-PETs with a median of 20 mm (range 7 – 120), than S-NF-PETs (median 35 mm; range 5 – 140); p= 0.016). Therefore T1 incidental tumors were mostly found than symptomatic PETs (p<0.001). Equally lymph-node metastases (N1) were identified in 44.6% of patients with S-NF-PET (78 cases) versus a 20.6% of patients with incidental tumor (27 cases); p<0.001. One patient with I-NF-PET on stage I was found to have malignant disease; this patient initially was classified as benign and underwent enucleation with clear surgical margins (R0), but had liver disease recurrence after 28 months after surgical resection. In this case preoperative imaging evaluation demonstraded the main pancreatic duct (MPD) obstruction (> 5 mm) and a serotonin immunoreactivity at the immunohistochemical evaluation. From September 2007 to September 2011 a total of 19 patients with I-NF-PNET diagnosis were enrolled. All cases was classified as NET-G1 and median size was 15 mm (range 9 – 20). In all cases, no MPD obstruction was confirmed at preoperative imaging. All this patients refused surgical resection. Currently Follow-Up was available for all patients, with a median follow-up of 22 months (range 6 – 48). All Patients were alive, asymptomatic and with tumor stable in size and no evidence of progression disease. Conclusions: this study shows that patients with incidentally detected NF-PETs represent about 40% of resectable NF-PETs and frequency of incidental diagnosis was increasing in last years. Incidental detection seems to be an important favorable prognostic factor for histopathological features, patients overall survival and disease free survival. Anyway pancreatic surgery have a recognized high rate of perioperative morbidities and for < 20 mm and carefully selected pancreatic neuroendocrine “incidentalomas” a clinical-laboratory and radiographic surveillance might be possible.
FRIGERIO, Isabella. "Radiofrequency ablation of stage III pancreatic carcinoma: a new path to follow?" Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/533549.
Texto completoRADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION IN STAGE III PANCREATIC CARCINOMA: A NEW PATH TO FOLLOW? Frigerio I. Pancreatic cancer has a poor prognosis even when diagnosis is made at early stages because of its systemic nature. Surgery plays an essential role when resection is feasible and palliative chemotherapy is supportive for metastatic disease. May the large group of patients with locally advanced disease benefit of a local treatment? We applied radiofrequency to ablate locally advanced pancreatic carcinoma: we first defined a reproducible and safe model of the technique by treating 50 patients. In this first part of our study mortality rate 2% was and RFA-related morbidity rate was 12%. Because of the feeling that these patients survived longer than expected we looked at survival rate and found that overall survival in the first 100 patients was 20 months and disease specific survival was 23 months, significantly higher than survival of patients undergone to traditional therapy. Up to now we have treated 182 patients with no significative differences in morbidity and mortality rate and survival rate. RFA is always associated to systemic chemotherapy and external radiotherapy. RFA alone is not enough but it is one part of a multimodality treatment which includes chemo and radiotherapy. Different aspects related to interaction between RFA and cancer arose since when we started in 2007: the most promising is the immune modulation operated by RFA. We think that future studies must investigate this field together with a randomized study that will confirm or not this impressive data of survival rate.
GIARDINO, Alessandro. "Radiofrequency ablation - analysis of antitumor immunostimulatory patterns in locally advanced pancreatic cancer". Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/938526.
Texto completoRadiofrequency is a local ablative method based on thermal coagulation and protein denaturation. It has been widely applied in many unresectable and metastatic solid tumours such as liver, lung, prostate, kidney, bone, breast, adrenal gland and spleen, but its application in pancreatic cancer has been very limited so far. Our group has recently shown the feasibility and safety of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of locally advanced PDAC, with a 24% complication rate and a 2% mortality rate; however, along with the improvement of the learning curve, complications rate halved and mortality annulled. Although it was not the primary aim of our study, data on survival showed a median OS and a median DSS of 20 and 23 months, respectively, representing a promising result. We sought to analyse immunological parameters after RFA of locally advanced pancreatic cancer. This research is focused on exploring immunologic impact of ablation that would explain its survival benefits. Patients undergoing RFA as first step of treatment were enrolled. Immunological parameters were identified in two categories: cells subsets and cytokines. Ten patients underwent RFA as first-step procedure to treat cytologically proven locally advanced pancreatic cancer. .Our data suggest a systemic reaction to the procedure. This reaction is hypothetically different from normal surgical stress or inflammation because we observed a general trend towards a decrease of immunosuppressive chemokines or cells subset. This evidence is supported by a stability of DN (Double negative) T Lymphocytes and Monocytes, trend towards a decrease of Tregs (T regulators) and pDC (plasmocytoid dendritic cells) that, in cancer, exert an immunosuppressive activity. Chemokine production, towards an important inflammatory reaction (see IL-6), through a negative trend of TGF-β and a positive trend of IFN-γ, shows an important systemic effect and a trend in decreasing immunosuppressive agents. Furthermore TEMRA (termina effector memory), the last stage of CD8+ maturation, shows a trend toward a prolonged immunity activity weeks after the procedure, leading to a possible immunity effect either than a normal inflammatory response.In conclusion, these data represent a first characterization of the immunity response generated by pancreatic RFA.
PARTELLI, Stefano. "OBSERVATIONAL STUDY OF NATURAL HISTORY OF SMALL SPORADIC NONFUNCTIONING PANCREATIC NEUROENDOCRINE TUMORS". Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/716561.
Texto completoIntroduction: Asymptomatic sporadic non-functioning well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NF-PNET) are increasingly diagnosed, and their management is controversial because of their overall good but heterogeneous prognosis. Objective: To assess the natural history of asymptomatic sporadic NF-PNETs smaller than 2 cm in size and the risk-benefit balance of non-operative management. Methods: From January 2000 to June 2011, 46 patients with proven AS-NF-PNET smaller than 2 cm in size were followed-up for at least 18 months with serial imaging in tertiary referral centers. Results: Patients were mainly female (65%), with a median age of 60 years. Tumors were mainly located in the pancreatic head (52%), with a median lesion size of 13 mm (9 –15). After a median follow-up of 34 months (24 –52) and an average of 4 (3– 6) serial imaging sessions, distant or nodal metastases appeared on the imaging in none of the patients. In 6 (13%) patients, a 20% increase in size was observed. Overall median tumor growth was 0.12 mm per year and neither patients nor tumor characteristics were found to be significant predictors of tumor growth. Overall, 8 patients (17%) underwent surgery after a median time from initial evaluation of 41 months (27–58); all resected lesions were ENETS T stage 1 (n=7) or 2 (n=1), grade 1, node negative, with neither vascular nor peripancreatic fat invasion. Conclusions: In selected patients, non-operative management of asymptomatic sporadic NF-PNET smaller than 2 cm in size is safe. Larger and prospective multicentric studies with long-term follow-up are now needed to validate this “wait and see” policy.
CEREATTI, FABRIZIO. "Role of endoscopic ultrasonography and fine needle aspiration in the managment of pancreatic masses". Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/1044064.
Texto completoBARUGOLA, Giuliano. "TIME TRENDS IN THE TREATMENT AND PROGNOSIS OF RESECTABLE PANCREATIC CANCER IN A LARGE TERTIARY REFERRAL CENTRE". Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/528552.
Texto completoBackground: Mortality for pancreatic cancer has remained unchanged over the last 20-30 years. The aim of the present study was to analyze the survival trends in a selected population of patients who underwent resection for pancreatic cancer at a single institution. Methods: Included were 544 patients who underwent pancreatectomy for pancreatic cancer between 1990-2009. Patients were categorized into two subgroups according to the decade in which resection was performed (1990-1999 and 2000-2009). Predictors of survival were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis. Results: There were 114 (21%) resections in the period 1990-1999 and 430 (79%) in the period 2000-2009 (P<0.0001). The length of hospital of stay (LOS) (16 days versus 10 days, P < 0.001) and the postoperative mortality (2.6% versus 1.1%, P = 0.160) decreased over time. The median disease-specific survival (DSS) significantly increased from 16 months in the first period to 29 months in the second period (P< 0.001). Following multivariable analysis, poorly differentiated tumour (HR = 3.1, P<0.001), lymphnode metastases (HR = 1.9, P< 0.001), R2 resection (HR 3.2 P< 0.0001), no adjuvant therapy (HR 1.6, P<0.001) and the resection performed in the period 1990-1999 (HR 2.18, P<0.001) were significant independent predictors of poor outcome. Conclusions: Long-term survival after surgery for resected pancreatic cancer significantly improved over the time. Improved patient selection and the routine case use of adjuvant therapy may account for this improvement.
Paiella, Salvatore. "Preoperative fine-needle aspiration of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: a reliable tool to assess diagnosis and grading - A prospective single-center analysis of 100 cases". Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/994779.
Texto completoMatteo, De Pastena. "Tri-Staple vs Ultrasonic Scalpel in Distal Pancreatectomy (TRUDY). A randomized controlled, multicenter, patient blinded, superiority trial". Doctoral thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/1043812.
Texto completoWAHID, Haytham Gareer. "Postoperative management after pancreatic resections; controversies and recommendations for a fast-track protocol". Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/685969.
Texto completoBackground: Despite the availability of the scientific evidence for the pancreatic fast-track surgery concept its translation into clinical practice, by most institutions, remains slow. Reasons being lack of awareness of evidence-based fast-track data; a lack of agreement with the data (difficult to accept); lack of belief that their own institution can actually perform fast-track surgery, time-limitation and insufficient expertise or staff support. However recent findings within specific perioperative care components of pancreatic postoperative management could help further validate pancreatic fast-track surgery and enhance its adaptation. Methods: Between January 2011 and August 2013, patients who underwent pancreatic resection were enrolled into the study at either of the two institutions. The Verona University arm subjected to the Verona enhanced recovery postoperative protocol while the National Cancer Institute, Cairo University group were subjected to conventional postoperative management. Both groups were followed up for effective control of pain, early reinstitution of oral feeding, effective immediate mobilization and restoration of bowel function following surgery. Outcome measures for each patient group were assessed in terms of postoperative complications such as pancreatic fistula (PF), delayed gastric emptying, biliary leak, intra-abdominal abscess, post-pancreatectomy hemorrhage, acute pancreatitis, wound infection, 30-day mortality, postoperative hospital stay, and readmission rates. Results: Overall morbidity for Verona (n= 101) and Cairo (n= 98) was 35% and 44.6%, respectively; and 30-day mortality was 5.9% versus 8.2%. In both groups postoperative PF was the most frequent associated complication. We observed 10 fistulae in the Verona group (9.9%), and 32 in Cairo group (32.7%). Delayed gastric emptying occurred in 5% of Verona patients and 10.2% of Cairo. Readmission rate was 4% (Verona) and 2.8% (Cairo). The overall length of stay, taking into consideration readmissions, remained significantly shorter in the fast track group (median 9 days, range: 7-16 days versus 14 days, range: 8-29 days; p<0.001). The primary discharge destination was home in both groups. Conclusions: The available evidence and data when compared to the results, provide a set of recommendations to suggest some items for a standardized protocol. Data on length of stay for both pathways are encouraging towards implementing a standardized postoperative management pathway.
CASAROTTO, Andrea. "Effect of hyperbaric oxygenation and gemcitabine on apoptosis of pancreatic ductal tumor cells in vitro". Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/900182.
Texto completoBackground: Gemcitabine is first-line therapy for advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) with a poor survival and response rate. Hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) enhances delivery of oxygen to hypoxic tumor cells and increases their susceptibility to cytotoxic effects of chemotherapy. We hypothesized that the anticancer activity of gemcitabine (GEM) may be enhanced if tumor cells are placed in an oxygen-rich environment. The present study evaluated the effects of gemcitabine, HBO and their combination on apoptosis of tumor cells. Materials and Methods: PANC-1 and AsPc-1 PDAC tumor cell lines were used. Cultured tumor cells were treated with GEM at its growth-inhibitory concentration (IC50) , HBO at 2.5 ATA for 90 min, a combination of both (HBO before GEM [HBO-GEM] and GEM before HBO [GEM-HBO]) and with the administration at the same time of GEM and HBO (GEM+HBO). In the control group (Ctrl) the tumor cells were treated with PBS (as placebo) equal in quantity to that used to dissolve gemcitabine for administering to the experimental samples. Twenty-four hours later, apoptotic cells in each group were analyzed and the apoptotic index (AI) was calculated. Results: PANC-1 cell line: HBO alone had no effect on AI: 6.5±0.1 vs. 5.9±0.1. HBO before and after gemcitabine did not further increase AI: 8.2±0.1 (HBO-GEM), 8.5±0.1 (GEM-HBO) vs. 8.1±0.1 (GEM). The combination of HBO and gemcitabine significantly increased AI: 10.7±0.02 (p<0.001 vs. all groups). AsPc-1 cell line:HBO-alone had no effect on AI: 5.9±0.1 vs. 5.9±0.1. HBO before and after gemcitabine did not further increase AI: 8.2±0.1 (HBO-GEM), 8.4±0.1 (GEM-HBO) vs. 8.0±0.1 (GEM). The combination of HBO and gemcitabine significantly increased AI: 9.7±0.1 (p<0.001 vs. all groups). Conclusion: HBO-alone, whether administered before and after gemcitabine has no effect on apoptosis of PDAC cells in vitro. HBO significantly enhanced gemcitabine-induced apoptosis when administered during gemcitabine. Our findings suggest that the time window would be critical for using HBO as adjuvant to chemotherapy.
Marchegiani, Giovanni. "THE NATURAL HISTORY OF INTRADUCTAL PAPILLARY MUCINOUS NEOPLASM OF THE PANCREAS: REAPPRAISAL OF THE INDOLENT PRECURSOR OF PANCREATIC CANCER". Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/978425.
Texto completoDI, FABIO Francesco. "Implementation of Enhanced Recovery Programme for Pancreatic Resections: Lessons Learnt from Colorectal Surgery". Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/901810.
Texto completoThe aim of this thesis was to assess the feasibility, safety and outcomes of ERP for pancreaticoduodenectomy and laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy in a tertiary referral UK university hospital. Specifically for laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy, the aim was also to analyze the impact of laparoscopic surgery and ERP on the cost economics. In Part I, Chapter 2, we evaluated the feasibility and safety of ERP for pancreaticoduodenectomy, at a time when no other evidence was available from the UK. Part II focuses on distal pancreatectomy. In Chapter 3 we assessed the impact of the introduction of the laparoscopic approach for distal pancreatectomy and its impact on outcomes and costs. In Chapter 4 we evaluated whether the implementation of a specific ERP for laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy could have improved further outcomes and costs. Part III, Chapter 5 of this thesis summarises the main finding, discusses where we stand and addresses future prospective. In Part IV the ERPs currently adopted at University Hospital Southampton for pancreaticoduodenectomy and laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy are illustrated.