Bibliografías temáticas / Chinese language – english

Literatura académica sobre el tema "Chinese language – english"

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Publicado: 25 de julio de 2024

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Chinese language – english"

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Kirkpatrick, Andy. "‘Chinese English or English Chinese?’". Global Chinese 1, n.º 1 (1 de abril de 2015): 85–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/glochi-2015-1004.

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Abstract A question which is frequently asked in discussions about the future roles of English and Chinese (Modern Standard Chinese or Putonghua and often also referred to as Mandarin) in the Asia-Pacific region is whether Chinese will replace English as the primary regional language or lingua franca. In this article, I shall first consider the roles that each language is playing in China itself and within the Asia-Pacific region. I shall argue that it is important to take these languages together, as the combination of Modern Standard Chinese and English is threatening regional languages, including other major Chinese languages such as Cantonese. In dealing with these two major languages in combination, I shall also consider how each language has influenced and continues to influence the other linguistically, illustrating this with examples at the levels of lexis, syntax, rhetoric and pragmatic norms. I shall conclude by tentatively suggesting how the roles of these two languages may develop in future, and the potential sociolinguistic consequences of this.
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Quatrini, Amerigo. "Comparison between English Loanwords in Mandarin Chinese and Chinese Loanwords in English". International Journal of Languages, Literature and Linguistics 8, n.º 3 (septiembre de 2022): 193–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijlll.2022.8.3.347.

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Language is an organ in constant evolution and as such a diachronic approach should be taken when analyzing how speakers of a given languages use it in their everyday life. English and Chinese Mandarin have become two of the most spoken languages in the world and as such some sort of linguistic influence on one another must be expected to an extent. This paper should be taken as an introductory chapter of a very complex socio-linguistics topic that deserves to be researched indepth to be fully understood. This paper highlights the most common English loanwords in modern Chinese and vice versa, briefly giving a summary on why two foreign languages so far apart has becoming interlacing and blending in the everyday speech.
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HU, PETER. "Adapting English into Chinese". English Today 20, n.º 2 (29 de marzo de 2004): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078404002068.

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WHY IS English a global language? Although the reasons are manifold – historical, geographical, economic, political, social, cultural – the key reason, it seems to me, is linguistic: its morphology is simple, many of its words are short and pithy, and among the key world languages it has the largest vocabulary. These features have helped it become the most widely used language in the world: a situation that makes Uncle French and Grandpa German envious. English has been open-minded since childhood. In the long process of exchange, English words lost most of their inflections and words of different origins were mixed together (Burchfield 1984:13). Unlike traditional German and French, English has been open to foreign penetration and never drives new words out. It is this openness that continually enriches the language. Chinese also likes to borrow from other languages. Old Chinese borrowed 35,000 words from Buddhism, and Modern Chinese has absorbed countless words from Western civilizations. This paper inquires into the mutual borrowing between English and Chinese, summarizes the techniques of borrowing words from English into Chinese, and asserts that semantic transliteration is the best approach to adopting foreign words.
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Xiao, Richard. "How different is translated Chinese from native Chinese?" International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 15, n.º 1 (22 de marzo de 2010): 5–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.15.1.01xia.

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Corpus-based translation studies focus on translation as a product by comparing comparable corpora of translational and non-translational texts. A number of distinctive features of translational English in relation to native English have been uncovered. Nevertheless, research of this area has so far been confined largely to translational English translated from closely related European languages. If the features of translational language that have been reported on the basis of translated English are to be generalized as ‘translation universals’, it is of vital importance to find supporting evidence from non-European languages. Clearly, evidence from “genetically” distinct language pairs such as English and Chinese is arguably more convincing, if not indispensable. This article explores potential features of translational Chinese on the basis of two balanced monolingual comparable corpora of translated and native Mandarin Chinese. The implications of the study for translation universal hypotheses are also discussed.
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Wu, Qi. "A Related Study between Language and Gender". English Language Teaching and Linguistics Studies 6, n.º 4 (16 de julio de 2024): p86. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/eltls.v6n4p86.

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Nowadays as we all know, English is one of the most widely used languages in the world and Chinese is also the language that is used by most population in the world. English is a part of the Indo-European while Chinese belongs to Han-Tibetan languages. They have different historical development trajectories and choose different written systems. English and Chinese are both important representatives of Eastern and Western cultures. If you conduct comparative study of these two languages, it is helpful to understand the essential features of the language and reveal the deep structure of the Eastern and Western cultures. Studying gender discrimination in English and Chinese languages comprehensively and systematically, which is contrasting the similarities and differences between languages and cultures of English and Chinese, can provide a reference for understanding language, culture, thinking and national psychology. It can also improve the understanding of languages and cultures.
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Liang, Ruohan y Junxiao Zhang. "Exploring the Influence of L1 Chinese on L2 English Acquisition". Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media 18, n.º 1 (26 de octubre de 2023): 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7048/18/20231327.

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The impact of L1 Chinese on L2 English acquisition has received more attention as more Chinese students study English as a second language. This paper reviews previous research on Second Language Acquisition (SLA) and introduces some factors that can influence language transfer. The writers focus on three linguistic aspects, syntax, lexicon, and phonology, to explore how English as Second Language (ESL) learners L1 Chinese has influenced their English acquisitions. Results found that: 1) Syntax: The syntax structure includes many factors influencing Chinese learners English acquisition, such as subjects, verbs, and adverbs. English requires an issue while Chinese tend to omit the subject; English has a verb conjugation system while Chinese does not; and English adverbs can be placed in different positions according to the type while Chinese adverbs are mainly set in the middle; 2) Lexicon: Lexical errors may occur when ESL learners may make errors when they meet the differences in linguistic features such as polysemy, part of speech and word collocations between the two languages.; 3) Phonology: As Chinese is a tonal language and English is a non-tonal language, their tones of phonology are, to some extent, different, which might cause ESL learners confusion. These features of Chinese and English differ, and how these disparities have prevented positive language transfer from Chinese to English is explored. As a result, this study can inform second language instructors of the distinctions between the two languages and offer resources for future instruction of ESL students.
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Huang, Hanjing y Pei-Luen Patrick Rau. "The first–second language influence on framing effects and loss aversion of balanced bilinguals". International Journal of Bilingualism 24, n.º 2 (7 de diciembre de 2018): 129–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367006918813646.

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Aims: We aimed to investigate the effects of language on the decision-making of bilinguals when they possess almost equal proficiencies in these languages. Methodology: Chinese–English bilinguals were asked to make decisions in Chinese or English. In the first experiment, we used a financial crisis problem to investigate the effects of language on the framing effect. In the second experiment, we used two gambling tasks to investigate the effects of language on people’s loss aversion in hypothetical and real bets. Data and analysis: Participants had similar proficiencies in Chinese and in English. Two hundred and twelve Chinese–English bilinguals took part in the first experiment. Their decision data were analysed using chi-squared tests. Ninety-six Chinese–English bilinguals took part in the second experiment. Their decision data were analysed using ANOVA and t-tests. Findings: Framing effects were reduced in the English condition. Chinese–English bilinguals were risk-averse for gains and risk-seeking for losses when choices were presented in Chinese, but this asymmetry disappeared when the choices were presented in English. However, the results indicated that the language did not have significant effects on Chinese–English bilinguals’ loss aversion in hypothetical and real bets. Originality: This is among the first studies to investigate the effects of language on decision-making in balanced bilinguals who have similar proficiencies in different languages. Significance/implications: The findings suggest that language still influences the framing effect, even in balanced bilinguals who have similar proficiencies in different languages.
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Yajun, Jiang. "English as a Chinese language". English Today 19, n.º 2 (abril de 2003): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078403002013.

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Some observations on the possible indigenization of English in mainland China. China boasts the largest English-learning population in the world. ‘It seems there are more people learning to speak English in China than there are English speakers in the whole of the United States’. Over 200 million children, about 20% of the total in the world, are learning English in schools, and about 13 million young people at university. The Chinese government has decided to offer English as a compulsory course nationwide from the third year at primary school. While schools in rural areas are trying to find qualified English teachers, those in large cities like Beijing and Shanghai have begun to do so as soon as the children start school at the age of six.
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Zhou, Lan y Qiang Sun. "A Contrastive Analysis of Explicit Cohesion in English Advertising Texts and Their Chinese Consecutive Interpretation Versions". Theory and Practice in Language Studies 9, n.º 4 (1 de abril de 2019): 465. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0904.15.

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Although much research has been conducted on language features of advertising, little has been reported on the contrast between language use in advertisements, particularly advertisements in English and those in Chinese. Drawing on Halliday and Hasan’s theory about cohesion in text, this paper reports on the explicit cohesion devices used in advertising texts in English and Chinese. The data were derived from Singapore, a multilingual country where English and Chinese are two important languages. A total of thirty advertisements in English and their Chinese versions were analyzed for the distribution of explicit cohesive devices, i.e., lexical cohesion and grammatical cohesion. The study reveals that advertisements in English used more reference and conjunction devices than those in Chinese, whereas Chinese language advertisements employed more ellipsis devices than English language advertisements. It also finds that there were no differences in the use of substitution and lexical devices in English or Chinese language advertisements. The conclusion of the study is finally drawn and the further study is suggested.
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Wang, J. "Contrast between English and Chinese in Language Learning". ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ НАУКИ И ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ 104, n.º 4 (2023): 123–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/trnio-12-2023-218.

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The article compares and analyzes the English and Chinese languages in terms of culture, expression habits, parts of speech and sentence structure. So we learn to understand the commonalities and differences between the English and Chinese languages, and explore the impact of the EnglishChinese language comparison on English learning.
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Tesis sobre el tema "Chinese language – english"

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Yeung, Ka-wai. "Pragmatics and translation with reference to English-Chinese and Chinese-English examples /". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38280097.

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Yuen, Dick-yan Dennis. "A comparison of oral and written composition in L1 Chinese and L2 English in an L2 English medium school". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1995. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B14036435.

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Yao, Michelle. "How English speakers learn Chinese characters". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31601790.

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Wong, Shiu-yu Winnie. "Agrumentative writing in L1 Chinese and L2 English : a study of secondary six students in Hong Kong /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1995. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B14709351.

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Lin, Hsing-Yin Cynthia. "Phonological interference between English and Chinese when learning Mandarin". online access from Digital Dissertation Consortium, 2007. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?3266508.

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Chang, Alicia. "Language, culture and number differences in Mandarin Chinese and English numeric language input /". Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1580830101&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Shi, Yili. "Referring expressions in Chinese and English discourse". Virtual Press, 1998. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1117097.

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Noun phrases (NPs) with the same reference may take a number of different forms. For example, in English a particular conference can be referred to as a conference, the conference, that conference, this conference, that, this, or it. This dissertation attempts to account for the use of such referring expressions in Chinese, based on Gundel, Hedberg and Zacharski's (1993) Givenness Hierarchy, and compares the discourse use of Chinese referring expressions with those of English.The Givenness Hierarchy is given below:THE GIVENNESS HIERARCHY:inuniquelytypefocus > activated > familiar > identifiable >referential> identifiable that{it}this{that N}{the N}{indefinite this N}{a N}this NThe Givenness Hierarchy correlates the form of referring expressions with their cognitive statuses, with each status being necessary and sufficient for the appropriate use of a different form or set of forms.The dissertation tests the Givenness Hierarchy to see if it adequately explains the use of referring expressions in Chinese. The data for this study are drawn from spoken and written texts from several different text types (cf. Biber 1986, 1988). The spoken data represent three different speech situations, i.e., face-to-face casual conversations, news broadcasts, and public speeches. The written texts represent different types, including short stories, novels, academic prose, magazine and journal articles, published letters and personal letters. The spoken and written data cover a range of formality and degree of planning.The results of the study show that the Givenness Hierarchy cannot account for the choice of form when two forms meet the sufficient cognitive requirements for appropriate use. More specifically, the Givenness Hierarchy fails to account for choices in Chinese between yi `one' NP and a bare NP when type identifiable is a necessary and sufficient condition for the appropriate use of both, or between nei `that' NP and a bare NP when uniquely identifiable is a necessary and sufficient condition for the appropriate use of both.It is proposed that within the individual categories of the Givenness Hierarchy, further distinction of the degree of discourse salience must be made in order to account for the distribution of Chinese NP forms in discourse. For example, the study shows that nei `that' encodes a uniquely identifiable referent and is used to increase referential salience, while a bare NP encodes a referent of neutral referential salience. Following Givon's (1984) line of research, the use of the numeral yi `one' is to code pragmatically important referents in discourse vs. the use of a bare NP to indicate referentially unimportant referents.To interpret the distribution of referring expressions in Chinese discourse, a number of properties of different expressions have been identified and characterized. The distal demonstrative determiner nei `that' has an associative anaphoric use, encoding an entity whose referent is uniquely identifiable based on what Hawkins (1978, 1991) calls P-sets, association sets. This function of nei as an associative anaphor demonstrates that its deictic function has become weak. In this regard, nei is beginning to function like the English definite article the.The distal demonstrative determiner nei has a recognitional use in talk-ininteraction, to use Schegloff's (1996) terms, negotiating shared knowledge and personal experiences.The demonstrative determiners zhe/na 'this/that' are studied in terms of word order variation. When in postverbal position, they function as definite markers, precluding indefinite interpretation of the postverbal NP. In preverbal position, they tend to increase referential salience of the subject/topic NP.The demonstrative pronouns are compared with the neuter pronoun to `it' and zero when referring to inanimates. The neuter to and zero tend to continue a topic, while demonstrative pronouns are likely to signal topic shift. This distinctive feature is shared by both English and Chinese.In sum, this dissertation contributes to our understanding of the use of referring expressions in both Chinese and English, which should be of interest both to linguists and to language teachers.
Department of English
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Chan, Hung-chong. "A comparison of the English and Chinese patterns of modification of noun phrases and the difficulties created by the differences between the two patterns in translation". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B1868533X.

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Lau, Martin. "Lexical borrowing in Hong Kong : a study of the Englishization of Chinese and the nativization of English /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21161604.

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Fong, Wai-lin Yvonne. "Written English errors of eighth graders in an Anglo-Chinese school in Hong Kong". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1987. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31949022.

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Libros sobre el tema "Chinese language – english"

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P, Cowie A. y Evison Alan, eds. Concise English-Chinese Chinese-English Dictionary. Hong Kong: Oxford University Press, 1994.

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Ho, Yong. Chinese-English English-Chinese practical dictionary. New York: Hippocrene Books, 2009.

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The Oxford Chinese dictionary: English-Chinese - Chinese English. Cambridge: New York, NY, 2010.

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(EDT), Langenscheidt. Langenscheidt pocket Chinese dictionary: Chinese-English, English-Chinese. New York: Langenscheidt, 2001.

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Cowie, A. P. Concise English-Chinese, Chinese-English dictionary. Beijing: Commercial Press, 1986.

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DeFrancis, John. ABC English-Chinese Chinese-English dictionary. Honolulu: University of Hawaiʻi Press, 2010.

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Dong, Li. Tuttle concise Chinese dictionary: Chinese-English : English-Chinese. Tokyo: Tuttle Pub., 2008.

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Dong, Li. Tuttle concise Chinese dictionary: Chinese-English : English-Chinese. Tokyo: Tuttle Pub., 2008.

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Chinese-English English-Chinese (mandarin) dictionary & phrasebook. New York: Hippocrene Books, 2006.

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(Firm), Lexus, ed. Insight pocket travel dicitonary Chinese: Chinese-English, English-Chinese. London: APA, 2001.

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Chinese language – english"

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Williams, Clay. "The Chinese Language". En Teaching English Reading in the Chinese-Speaking World, 19–38. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0643-2_2.

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Shi, Dingxu. "Learning Pidgin English Trough Chinese Characters". En Creole Language Library, 459. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cll.11.45shi.

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Halliday, M. A. K. "English and Chinese: Similarities and Differences". En Aspects of Language and Learning, 91–109. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-47821-9_6.

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Yang, Yilu. "In-between Chinese and English: Chinese Language Learning Process". En Chinese Language Use by School-Aged Chinese Australians, 105–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10580-7_3.

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Pan, Lin. "English Language Ideologies in Chinese Foreign Language Education Policies". En English as a Global Language in China, 79–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10392-1_5.

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Chen, Minjie y Helen Wang. "Chinese Children’s Literature in English Translation". En The Palgrave Handbook of Chinese Language Studies, 551–602. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0924-4_45.

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Wong, Jock Onn y Zhengdao Ye. "Transference of Chinese to English: Introduction". En The Palgrave Handbook of Chinese Language Studies, 879–81. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0924-4_50.

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Cao, Deborah. "Translating Legal Language Between Chinese and English". En The Palgrave Handbook of Chinese Language Studies, 539–50. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0924-4_41.

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Cao, Deborah. "Translating Legal Language Between Chinese and English". En The Palgrave Handbook of Chinese Language Studies, 1–13. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6844-8_41-1.

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Sciullo, Nick J. y Cai Pengpeng. "Colorism in Chinese English Language Learning Schools". En The Routledge International Handbook of Colorism, 245–62. New York: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003410676-20.

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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Chinese language – english"

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Kwok, K. L. "Exploiting a Chinese-English bilingual wordlist for English-Chinese cross language information retrieval". En the fifth international workshop on. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/355214.355239.

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Zhang, Zihan, Mingxuan Liu, Chao Zhang, Yiming Zhang, Zhou Li, Qi Li, Haixin Duan y Donghong Sun. "Argot: Generating Adversarial Readable Chinese Texts". En Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Seventeenth Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-PRICAI-20}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/351.

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Natural language processing (NLP) models are known vulnerable to adversarial examples, similar to image processing models. Studying adversarial texts is an essential step to improve the robustness of NLP models. However, existing studies mainly focus on analyzing English texts and generating adversarial examples for English texts. There is no work studying the possibility and effect of the transformation to another language, e.g, Chinese. In this paper, we analyze the differences between Chinese and English, and explore the methodology to transform the existing English adversarial generation method to Chinese. We propose a novel black-box adversarial Chinese texts generation solution Argot, by utilizing the method for adversarial English samples and several novel methods developed on Chinese characteristics. Argot could effectively and efficiently generate adversarial Chinese texts with good readability. Furthermore, Argot could also automatically generate targeted Chinese adversarial text, achieving a high success rate and ensuring readability of the Chinese.
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Tang, Jingqi. "Differences Between Chinese and English Thinking from the Use of Nouns in Chinese and English". En 2nd International Conference on Language, Art and Cultural Exchange (ICLACE 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210609.005.

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Fung, Pascale, Wu Zhaojun, Yang Yongsheng y Dekai Wu. "Automatic Learning of Chinese English Semantic Structure Mapping". En 2006 IEEE Spoken Language Technology Workshop. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/slt.2006.326797.

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FENG, LING. "A CORPUS-BASED STUDY OF DIMINISHERS IN CHINESE EFL LEARNERS' WRITINGS". En 2021 International Conference on Education, Humanity and Language, Art. Destech Publications, Inc., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/dtssehs/ehla2021/35664.

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This paper investigates the use of diminishers in Chinese EFL learners' written English (CLEC) and compares it with that in an English native speakers' written corpus (LOCNESS) through both quantitative and qualitative analysis. The corpus-based study reveals: (a) that there are similarities and differences in the frequency and pattern of usage of diminishers between Chinese EFL learners and English native speakers; (b) that the misuse, the overuse of some and underuse of other diminishers or patterns of diminishers indicate that Chinese learners have a different collocational range which could be affected by factors like mother tongue interference and the understanding of sematic prosody. Pedagogical implications of the study are also discussed to shed light on teaching English vocabulary and writing.LING FENG
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Li, Xuezhi. "Color Words between English and Chinese". En International Conference on Education, Language, Art and Intercultural Communication (ICELAIC-14). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icelaic-14.2014.186.

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Tao Zhang y Yue-Jie Zhang. "Research on Chinese-English Cross-Language Information Retrieval". En 2008 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics (ICMLC). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmlc.2008.4620845.

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Wang, Like, Yuan Sun y Xiaobing Zhao. "English-Chinese Cross Language Word Embedding Similarity Calculation". En the 2018 Artificial Intelligence and Cloud Computing Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3299819.3299831.

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Zhang, Yue-Jie y Tao Zhang. "Research on English-Chinese Cross-Language Information Retrieval". En 2007 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmlc.2007.4370744.

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Tian, Qingyuan. "Comparing information entropy between Chinese and English language". En 2012 IEEE International Conference on Cyber Technology in Automation, Control, and Intelligent Systems (CYBER). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cyber.2012.6320050.

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Informes sobre el tema "Chinese language – english"

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Chen, Aitao, Hailing Jiang y Fredric Gey. English-Chinese Cross-Language IR Using Bilingual Dictionaries. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, enero de 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada456270.

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Fox, Diane. Chinese voices : towards an ethnography of English as a second language. Portland State University Library, enero de 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.5780.

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3

Gao, Yicheng, Rui Cao, Zhihan Liu, Chengwei Si, Yujie Wang, Pengcheng Tian, Xinyan Zhuang et al. Knee osteoarthritis guidelines lack a comprehensive consideration of multiple influencing factors from evidence to recommendations: a systematic survey. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, abril de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.4.0062.

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Review question / Objective: To systematically evaluate the use of the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approaches and factors influencing the formation from evidence to recommendations in the knee osteoarthritis (KOA) related clinical practice guidelines (CPGs). Information sources: Two English-language databases (PubMed, Embase) and four Chinese-language databases (China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals, Wanfang, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database).
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Dorr, Bonnie J., Dekang Lin y Gina-Anne Levow. Construction of a Chinese-English Verb Lexicon for Embedded Machine Translation in Cross-Language Information Retrieval. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, agosto de 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada459245.

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5

Chou, Daniel. Counting AI Research. Center for Security and Emerging Technology, julio de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51593/20220010.

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Tracking the output of a country’s researchers can inform assessments of its innovativeness or assist in evaluating the impact of certain funding initiatives. However, measuring research output is not as straightforward as it may seem. Using a detailed analysis that includes Chinese-language research publications, this data brief reveals that China's lead in artificial intelligence research output is greater than many English-language sources suggest.
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6

Mai, Zhefen, Chunli Lu, Zixun Zhuang y Hongxia Ma. Effectiveness and safety of Er-xian Decoction (traditional Chinese medicine) for women with Primary ovarian insufficiency. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, noviembre de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.11.0107.

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Review question / Objective: To assess the effectiveness and safety of Er-xian Decoction in the treatment of primary ovarian insufficiency. Information sources: We will search the following electronic databases, including 3 English databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library) and 4 Chinese databases (China national knowledge infrastructure database, Wanfang database, Sinomed Database, and VIP database). The filters were English and Chinese language. The following key words in Title/Abstract or MeSH search headings are used: “Er-xian” and “Hormone replacement therapy” or “Femoston” or “Climen” and “Primary ovarian insufficiency” or “Ovarian failure” or “Premature ovarian failure” or “POI” and “random*” or “Randomized controlled trial”. In addition, we also search the grey literature such as conference proceedings and dissertations in CNKI and Wanfang database, and relevant trials will be searched in ClinicalTrial.gov database [20] and Chinese Clinical Trial Registry for unpublished trials and protocols. References of all included studies will be hand searched for additional eligible studies.
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LI, Na, Xia AI, Xinrong Guo, Juan Liu, Rongchao Zhang y Ruihui Wang. Effect of acupuncture treatment on cognitive impairment after traumatic brain injury in adults: A systematic review protocol. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, noviembre de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.11.0113.

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Review question / Objective: Are acupuncture more effective than control interventions (i.e. treatment as sham acupuncture or placebo) in the treatment of motor and cognitive impairment after traumatic brain injury in adults? Information sources: search database:The following electronic databases will be searched for relevant literature: the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Springer, the Chinese Science Citation Database (CSCD), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM),Wanfang, and. the Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP). Time limit: the searches will be conducted from the inception of each database to November 30, 2021. Protocol of Systematic review and Meta analysis of acupuncture in the treatment of cognitive impairment after traumatic brain injury and the included literatures were all RCTS with English and Chinese on language.
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li, xi, yunpeng Bi, Huixin Yan, Xiaomei Zhang, Hongyi Guan, Haiyu Zhu, Tingwei Ding y yuchun Li. Efficacy and safety of Wumei pill combined with acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of ulcerative colitis：a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, abril de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.4.0084.

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Review question / Objective: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease that occurs in the colon, rectal mucosa and submucosa. It has a long course, is difficult to treat, and is prone to recurrent attacks. The etiology of UC has not been clarified in literature research. In clinical practice, it is often treated with aminosalicylic acid and glucocorticoid hormone. Wumei Pill is one of the classic prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine, and acupuncture and moxibustion is the most common external treatment method of traditional Chinese medicine. Therefore, we designed this research scheme to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Wumei Pill combined with mesalazine in the treatment of UC. Study designs to be included: Inclusion criteria include the randomized controlled trial(RCTs) of Wumei pill combined with acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of UC. The test language only includes Chinese or English, and the published status is not limited.
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Wu, Fan, Zhi-hui Huang, Bin Xu, Dawei Sang, Zhi-gang Li y De Liang. Extrapedicular vs transpedicular percutaneous kyphoplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, marzo de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.3.0048.

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Review question / Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of the two approaches as a treatment for patients with OVCF. Condition being studied: Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures(OVCFs) is one of the most common health problems in the elderly population. Percutaneous kyphoplasty is a minimally invasive technique that has gained widespread recognition. Transpedicular and extrapedicular are two approaches for kyphoplasty. But over the last decade, the safety and effect of two approaches remain unclear, and there is still a lack if evaluation of their therapeutic effects. Information sources: We searched CENTRAL; MEDLINE; EMBASE; Chinese Biological Medicine Database; VIP Journals Database; Wan-fang database, CNKI; and Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Database from the their inception to December 2020. The search terms used were: the transpedicular approach and extrapedicular approach for treating OVCF in both English and Chinese. We also searched our own files manually for relevant articles. We hand searched Chinese language journals and conference proceedings. We included dissertations and abstracts, provided they contained sufficient detail for critical evaluation.
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Yang, Yanhui, Yun Luo, Jingwen Kang, Zhanbo Zhao, Changshui Weng y Li Zhang. Efficacy and Safety of Extracorporeal shock wave therapy in Treatment of Hypertrophic Scars and Keloids: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, noviembre de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.11.0023.

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Review question / Objective: The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials is to evaluate quantitatively the efficacy and safety of extracorporeal shockwave therapies (ESWT) combined comprehensive treatments on hypertrophic scars and keloids compared with comprehensive treatments alone and provide clinicians with an evidence base for their clinical decision making. Information sources: We will search all English and Chinese language articles indexed in PubMed, Medline, the Excerpta Medica database (Embase), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Cochrane Library, Physiotherapy Evidence Database(PEDro), Chinese biomedical literature service system(sinomed) before October 2021. In addition to these databases, Google Scholar and the lists of references will be used to carry out citation tracking of the selected studies for identifying any other eligible studies that could have been missed.
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