Tesis sobre el tema "Chimie du vin"
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Bourbousson, Pascal-Mousselard Hélène. "Etude de l'arôme de Mourvèdre : essai de classification par les méthodes statistiques multidimensionnelles". Aix-Marseille 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX30001.
Texto completoJaffré, Julien. "Arômes du vin : de la physico-chimie des composés clés à la perception et aux représentations". Dijon, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009DIJOS073.
Texto completoRenouf, Vincent. "Description et caractérisation de la diversité microbienne durant l'élaboration du vin : interactions et équilibres, relations avec la qualité du vin". Toulouse, INPT, 2006. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000340/.
Texto completoOn the grape, a large variety of micro-organisms coexist in an organized system including the principal species useful for winemaking. After pressing, interactions ensure alcoholic fermentation and fermentations. After sulphiting, the evolution of residual species suggests that interactions persist. Their understanding is necessary and needs a global view of the microbial diversity. Each technological operation and fermentative process influences this diversity. The system is gradually simplified because the wine becomes more and more deprived and toxic. Among the most resistant species, there are O. Oeni and B. Bruxellensis. Strains collections have been constituted for these species. The instraspecific diversity is shown by phenotypic and genetics studies in the first one. The variability in volatile phenols production, which spoils wine, is shown in the second
Barbin, Pascal. "Contrôle et éléments de maîtrise de la contamination par la levure brettanomyces au cours du procédé de vinification en rouge". Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2006. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7560/1/barbin.pdf.
Texto completoBarbin, Pascal. "Contrôle et éléments de maîtrise de la contamination par la levure Brettanomyces au cours du procédé de vinification en rouge". Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2006. https://hal.science/tel-04576017.
Texto completoYeast Dekkera/Brettanomyces is a contaminant responsible for red wine spoilage implying the development of animal and phenolic off-odours. A complete procedure, using a combination of simple discriminating criteria, has been developped to detect and isolate the contaminant. Results proved the presence of the contaminant from various winemaking environments from grape berries to bottled wines. We also showed that environmental factors, such as humidity, play an important role on the presence of the contaminant on berries surface. Moreover, a huge diversity was described among the Brettanomyces bruxellensis species : from genetical level to physicological and phenotypical aspects. Growth profiles, susbtrates consumption, volatiles phenol and acetic acid productions varied significantly from one isolated strain to another. Our studies revealed that the use af complement during the winemaking process also has an influence on the contaminant developpement. Thiamin (at 0,6 mg/L), nitrogen (from (NH4)2SO4) and tannins powder modified both growth and volatile phenols in different ways and levels
Fontoin, Hélène. "Caractérisation chimique et sensorielle des tanins du raisin et des vins rouges : application de capteurs potentiométriques : la langue électronique". Bordeaux 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR21468.
Texto completoAubry, Victoire. "Contribution à la connaissance aromatique des vins de pinot noir de Bourgogne par des méthodes instrumentales et sensorielles : étude de la potentialité olfactive de quatre composés d'arôme". Dijon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999DIJOS026.
Texto completoSchneider, Rémi. "Contribution à la connaissance de l'arôme et du potentiel aromatique du Melon B. (Vitis vinifera L. ) et des vins de Muscadet". Montpellier 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON20156.
Texto completoTeissèdre, Pierre-Louis. "Le plomb : du raisin au vin (origines, évolution, formes, teneurs)". Montpellier 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON13505.
Texto completoNicolle, Pamela y Pamela Nicolle. "Étude des composés impliqués dans la rétention des tanins des vins rouges de cépages hybrides interspécifiques cultivés en climat froid". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37076.
Texto completoLa vigne Vitis vinifera, appelée aussi «vigne européenne», est l’espèce la plus cultivée mondialement pour la production de vin. Dans les régions froides comme le Québec, les vins sont majoritairement produits à partir de cépages hybrides interspécifiques (CHI) qui offrent une plus grande tolérance au froid et aux maladies. Les vins rouges issus des CHI sont généralement décrits comme étant moins astringents et plus colorés que les vins rouges européens issus de V. vinifera, ce qui ne répond pas toujours aux goûts des consommateurs. Ces caractéristiques sont attribuables à des différences de composition entre les baies de CHI et de V. vinifera. Une meilleure compréhension des molécules affectant la rétention et la composition en tanins des vins de CHI rouges et des procédés de vinification affectant leurs profils pourrait permettre de modifier leur astringence et contribuer à augmenter la compétitivité des vins rouges issus de CHI sur le marché.Trois études ont été conduites sur ce thème dans le cadre de cette thèse. La première étude avait pour but d’étudier l’impact de l’utilisation de marc de raisin blanc (MRB) en co-fermentation avec du marc de raisin rouge (MRR) sur la teneur en tanins des vins, en utilisant les CHI Frontenac et Vidal. Les résultats ont montré que les vins produits avec du MRB présentaient plus de flavan-3-ols monomériques et oligomériques et davantagede terpènes. La manipulation du ratio MRR/MRB a permis de modifier le profil en anthocyanes des vins finis, résultant dans certains cas en des vins plus clairs. L’utilisation d’un ratio MRR/MRB approprié (30% MRR/6% MRB) a permis une meilleure stabilisation de la couleur des vins sans affecter significativement la couleur. L’utilisation de MRB en co-fermentation avec du MRR s’est avérée un outil intéressant pour moduler la couleur des vins ainsi que leur composition phénolique et volatile. La seconde étude avait pour objectif d’étudier l’impact de différents traitements seuls ou en combinaison (traitements pré-fermentaire du moût, fermentation en présence et absence de marc, addition de tanins œnologiques) sur la teneur en tanins, en protéines et en pigments des vins de Frontenac. L’élimination des protéines par chauffage du moût ou ajout de bentonite n’a pas permis une meilleure rétention des tanins dans le vin. Néanmoins, fermenter le moût sans marc de raisin a amélioré significativement leur rétention dans le vin, notamment celle des flavan-3-ols polymériques (jusqu’à 27,8%). L’addition de 3 g/L de tanins œnologiques dans les vins, fermentés en présence et absence de marc, s’est montrée nécessaire pour augmenter significativement la concentration en tanins des vins de Frontenac. La troisième étude consistait en une étude exploratoire et comparative de la teneur et de la nature des polysaccharides des vins de CHI Frontenac et Frontenac blanc avec celles du V.vinifera Cabernet Sauvignon. Les vins de Frontenac ont montré une concentration plus élevée en polysaccharides totaux et des polysaccharides plus ramifiés que les vins de Cabernet Sauvignon. Ces différences pourraient contribuer à la faible astringence des vins rouges issus de CHI par rapport à celle des vins rouges de variété V. vinifera. Ce projet a permis d’apporter de nouvelles connaissances sur le profil d’extraction et la rétention des tanins dans les vins de CHI cultivés au Québec. Une meilleure compréhension des facteurs impliqués dans la rétention des tanins dans ces vins a permis de fournir des pistes à envisager pour élaborer des procédés de vinification adaptés à la composition physico-chimique atypique des CHI rouges afin de produire des vins plus riches en tanins, ayant un potentiel accru de répondre aux goûts des consommateurs.
Vitis vinifera is the most cultivated grapevine species for wine production, worldwide. But in cold areas such as Quebec, Canada, most wine is produced from interspecific hybrid grape varieties (CHI) that better respond to harsh growing conditions such as cold temperature and high disease pressure. Red CHI wines are generally described as less astringent and more colourful than European V. viniferared wines, but those characteristics do not fully align with consumers taste and preferences. The low astringency of red CHI wine is largely attributable to differences between the respective chemical composition of CHI and V. vinifera berries. A better understanding of the molecules affecting tannin retention and composition of red CHI wines, and of the winemaking processes that affect their tannin profiles could provide solutions to impact their astringency and improve their competitiveness on the market. Three studies conducted on this topic as part of this thesis are presentedin this manuscript.The first study aimed at investigating the impact of the co-fermentation of white (WP) and red (RP) grape pomace on the tannin content of red wine, using the CHI varieties Frontenac and Vidal. The results showed that wines produced with WPcontained higher levels of monomeric and oligomeric flavan-3-ols and terpenes than wines issued from the RP treatment. Modifying the ratio of RP to WP during alcoholic fermentation modified the anthocyanin profile of the wines, sometimes resulting in lighter coloured wines. A ratio of 30% RP to 6% WP improved colour stabilisation without significantly affecting wine colour. The use of WP in co-fermentation with RP proved to be an interesting tool to modulate wine colour as well as its phenolic and volatile composition.The second study aimed at exploring the impact of different wine making treatments (pre-fermentative treatment of the must, fermentation with andwithout pomace, additionof enological tannins), alone or in combination, on the tannin, protein and pigment content of Frontenac wines. Wine protein removal by heat or bentonite addition did not improve tannin retention in wine. In contrast, fermenting the must without pomace significantly improved tannin retention, especially for polymeric flavan-3-ols (up to 27.8%). With or without pomace, the addition of enological tannins at a minimal rate of 3 g/L, was necessary to increase tannin concentration in Frontenac wine significantly.The third study explored the content and, to some extent, the molecular weight and structure of the polysaccharides from the CHI Frontenac and Frontenac Blanc, in comparison with wines from theV. vinifera variety Cabernet Sauvignon. Frontenac wines showed a higher concentration of total polysaccharides with more branched polysaccharides than wines from Cabernet Sauvignon. Results showed that significant differences exist between the polysaccharides content and structure of the studied CHI varieties and Cabernet Sauvignon variety. Those differences could contribute to the low astringency of CHI wines when compared with red wines from V. vinifera varieties. This project has brought new knowledge on the tannin, protein and polysaccharide content of red CHI varieties grown in Quebec and how they impact tannin retention in CHI wines. Understanding the chemistry of phenolic compounds and macromolecules in CHI wines made possible the development of new wine making processes adapted to the atypical biochemical composition of red CHI wine. As such, results from this study provide new venues to vary and improve the style and the quality of CHI wines and better meet consumers taste and preferences.
Vitis vinifera is the most cultivated grapevine species for wine production, worldwide. But in cold areas such as Quebec, Canada, most wine is produced from interspecific hybrid grape varieties (CHI) that better respond to harsh growing conditions such as cold temperature and high disease pressure. Red CHI wines are generally described as less astringent and more colourful than European V. viniferared wines, but those characteristics do not fully align with consumers taste and preferences. The low astringency of red CHI wine is largely attributable to differences between the respective chemical composition of CHI and V. vinifera berries. A better understanding of the molecules affecting tannin retention and composition of red CHI wines, and of the winemaking processes that affect their tannin profiles could provide solutions to impact their astringency and improve their competitiveness on the market. Three studies conducted on this topic as part of this thesis are presentedin this manuscript.The first study aimed at investigating the impact of the co-fermentation of white (WP) and red (RP) grape pomace on the tannin content of red wine, using the CHI varieties Frontenac and Vidal. The results showed that wines produced with WPcontained higher levels of monomeric and oligomeric flavan-3-ols and terpenes than wines issued from the RP treatment. Modifying the ratio of RP to WP during alcoholic fermentation modified the anthocyanin profile of the wines, sometimes resulting in lighter coloured wines. A ratio of 30% RP to 6% WP improved colour stabilisation without significantly affecting wine colour. The use of WP in co-fermentation with RP proved to be an interesting tool to modulate wine colour as well as its phenolic and volatile composition.The second study aimed at exploring the impact of different wine making treatments (pre-fermentative treatment of the must, fermentation with andwithout pomace, additionof enological tannins), alone or in combination, on the tannin, protein and pigment content of Frontenac wines. Wine protein removal by heat or bentonite addition did not improve tannin retention in wine. In contrast, fermenting the must without pomace significantly improved tannin retention, especially for polymeric flavan-3-ols (up to 27.8%). With or without pomace, the addition of enological tannins at a minimal rate of 3 g/L, was necessary to increase tannin concentration in Frontenac wine significantly.The third study explored the content and, to some extent, the molecular weight and structure of the polysaccharides from the CHI Frontenac and Frontenac Blanc, in comparison with wines from theV. vinifera variety Cabernet Sauvignon. Frontenac wines showed a higher concentration of total polysaccharides with more branched polysaccharides than wines from Cabernet Sauvignon. Results showed that significant differences exist between the polysaccharides content and structure of the studied CHI varieties and Cabernet Sauvignon variety. Those differences could contribute to the low astringency of CHI wines when compared with red wines from V. vinifera varieties. This project has brought new knowledge on the tannin, protein and polysaccharide content of red CHI varieties grown in Quebec and how they impact tannin retention in CHI wines. Understanding the chemistry of phenolic compounds and macromolecules in CHI wines made possible the development of new wine making processes adapted to the atypical biochemical composition of red CHI wine. As such, results from this study provide new venues to vary and improve the style and the quality of CHI wines and better meet consumers taste and preferences.
Vila, Isabelle. "Les levures aromatiques en vinification : évaluation de ce caractère par l'analyse sensorielle et l'analyse chimique. Déterminisme biochimique des facteurs responsables". Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20052.
Texto completoBernet, Cyril. "Contribution à la connaissance des composés d'arôme clés des vins du cépage gewurztraminer cultivé en Alsace". Dijon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000DIJOS049.
Texto completoBelleville, Marie-Pierre. "Etude du colmatage d'une membrane minérale de microfiltration tangentielle par les constituants macromoléculaires du vin". Montpellier 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON20104.
Texto completoIsorez, Géraldine. "Contribution à la chimie des flavonoïdes : Accès à des analogues de pigments du vins rouges". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2007/ISOREZ_Geraldine_2007.pdf.
Texto completoIsorez, Géraldine Brouillard Raymond Fougerousse André. "Contribution à la chimie des flavonoïdes accès à des analogues de pigments du vins rouges /". Strasbourg : Université Louis Pasteur, 2008. http://eprints-scd-ulp.u-strasbg.fr:8080/999/01/ISOREZ_Geraldine_2007.pdf.
Texto completoLe, Nest Gwénaëlle. "Pouvoir antioxydant et piégeur de radicaux libres de polyphénols de vin". Aix-Marseille 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX11054.
Texto completoTominaga, Takatoshi. "Recherches sur l'arôme variétal des vins de Vitis vinifera L. Cv. Sauvignon blanc et sa genèse à partir de précurseurs inodores du raisin". Bordeaux 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR20599.
Texto completoFornairon-Bonnefond, Caroline. "Réactivité post-fermentaire de saccharomyces cerevisiae vis-à-vis de l'oxygène en conditions oenologiques : application à l'élevage de vins sur lies". Montpellier 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON20169.
Texto completoVivas, de Gaulejac Nathalie. "Recherches sur les phénomènes d'oxydoréduction des vins : études des propriétés antioxydantes et antiradicalaires des composés phénoliques. Application à la caractérisation in vitro de leurs effets protecteurs sur de l'ADN plasmidique et génomique". Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR20704.
Texto completoVernhet-Roquefeuil, Aude. "Étude physico-chimique de l'adhésion de Saccharomyces cerevisiae à des surfaces modèles : application à la vinification champenoise". Compiègne, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992COMPD535.
Texto completoDaverede, Christine. "Influence de différents équilibres K-Ca sur la nutrition cationique et le manque d'acidité des moûts et des vins du cépage Negrette (Vitis vinifera L. ) greffé sur 101. 14 M. G. , cultivé en hors-sol". Toulouse, INPT, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPT008A.
Texto completoLaboyrie, Justine. "Composition et origine du bouquet de vieillissement des vins rouges de Bordeaux. Influences du terroir dans l'expression aromatique des vins vieux". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0228.
Texto completoAmong wines, those which impart the most pleasure and magic to amateurs are very often aged wines. These are bottles preserved for many years in the hope of a great tasting. Upon opening, the taster will expect to discover the complexity and elegance of the wine's aging bouquet. This olfactory concept, in which aromas produced during bottle aging blend harmoniously with those of the wine's youth, is the gift offered by great wines to epicureans. The expression of the bouquet is purported to be very closely linked to the terroir and the vintage, both revealed during the course of aging. This thesis work is essentially devoted to demonstrating and detailing this empirical knowledge.Firstly, quantitative analysis was carried out on several molecules linking the composition of grape berries to fermentation activities and to aging. Eighty wines of different vintages from several Bordeaux vineyards “Châteaux” were studied. Analysis of the results showed that the wines each have their own molecular identity despite variability due to vintage and age. The presence of terpene compounds, derived from plant metabolism, is fundamental in the construction of this identity. This differentiation of the wines at a molecular level shows the importance of grape composition and the expression of terroir on the identity of old wines.Secondly, the parameters of the terroir (water status, nitrogen status, and grape variety, for example) were compared to the concentrations of the aromas studied, which were measured using gas chromatography techniques. This work required the development of analytical tools as well as the designing of several experiments on various scales (from laboratory to wine production units). Finally, with the aim of obtaining tools that could help predict the aging potential and the emergence of the bouquet, an additional study focusing on the precursors of bouquet aromas was initiated. Among the compounds that influence the expression of the bouquet, dimethyl sulfide (DMS) has multiple organoleptic characteristics, contributing to the “fresh fruit” and “truffle” characters of old wines. The influence of wine-growing parameters on the levels of DMS precursors (pDMS) was studied. The modulation of its levels was also explored. DMS levels, determined through the measurement of its potential, are largely influenced by the conditions of the vintage and by the stage of ripeness of the grape. However, fermentation conditions constitute a real issue for its preservation during winemaking and therefore its management at bottling. The release of DMS during aging depends on the matrix since interactions with grape tannins take place. In that context, the behavior of the DMS during tasting was clarified. The DMS could therefore be a good marker both of the terroir and the management of fermentation, as well as the way of serving old wine. This thesis presents many questions on the molecular origins of other compounds of interest, and the influence of fermentation and wine aging conditions on the aging potential and aromatic character of old wines
Gerbaud, Vincent. "Détermination de l'état de sursaturation et effet des polysaccharides sur la cristallisation du bitartrate de potassium dans les vins". Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 1996. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7201/1/gerbaud.pdf.
Texto completoMiranda, Julie. "Recherche des déterminants moléculaires de la permissivité des vins rouges vis-à-vis de Brettanomyces bruxellensis". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023BORD0465.
Texto completoOdours deemed harmful by the consumer and described as "stable", "horse sweat" or "burnt plastic" can be found in wines. The responsible molecules are volatile phenols, produced by a spoilage yeast: Brettanomyces bruxellensis. This species is particularly well adapted to the wine environment and can resists many stresses such as a high alcohol level, a low pH or high levels of SO2, more or less efficiently depending on the strain considered. Indeed, the species displays a very high genetic diversity, even at the scale of the Bordeaux vineyard.The main objectives of this thesis were (1) to evaluate the variability of the permissiveness among Bordeaux red wines regarding the contamination by different strains of B. bruxellensis, (2) to show a possible relationship between the chemical composition of wines and their permissiveness, using non-targeted metabolomic analyses, and (3) to study the effect of different fractions obtained from a difficult wine.The studied strains showed very different behaviors depending on the red wines considered. These differences can be linked to several factors such as the vintage, the winery, or the wine batch. Chemical composition analyses made it possible to rule out several compounds not involved in permissiveness but also to identify families of molecules that would reduce the vulnerability of certain red wines from the Bordeaux area
Moine, Ledoux Virginie. "Recherches sur le rôle des mannoprotéines de levure vis-à-vis de la stabilisation protéique et tartrique des vins". Bordeaux 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR20432.
Texto completoDulau, Laurent. "Recherche sur les protéines responsables de la casse protéique des vins blancs secs : approche biochimique et génétique". Bordeaux 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR20110.
Texto completoSalameh, Dominique. "Bioconversion de l'acide p-coumarique par Brettanomyces bruxellensis : étude de la cinétique et analyse des étapes réactionnelles". Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2008. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7784/1/salameh.pdf.
Texto completoSarry, Jean-Emmanuel. "Etude biochimique & moléculaire de β-D-Glucoside hydrolases de la baie de raisin (Vitis vinifera L. )". Montpellier 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON20059.
Texto completoRosenfeld, Eric. "Réponse à l'oxygène de saccharomyces cerevisiae en conditions de fermentation alcoolique (modèle oenologique). Etude des voies de consommation d'oxygène". Montpellier 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON20125.
Texto completoRossignol, Tristan. "Analyse de l'expression du génome des levures oenologiques en fermentation alcoolique par des approches post-génomiques". Montpellier 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON20033.
Texto completoMedawar, Wissam. "Etude physiologique et cinétique des levures du genre Brettanomyces dans un contexte oenologique". Toulouse, INPT, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INPT001G.
Texto completoDevatine, Audrey. "Maîtrise de l'acidité des vins : désacification par précipitation de malates de calcium et simulation des équilibres physico-chimiques à l'aide du logiciel Mextar". Toulouse, INPT, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002INPT036G.
Texto completoNonier, Marie-Françoise. "Recherches sur les macromolécules du bois de chêne de tonnellerieInteractions avec les flavan-3-ols des vins et les aldéhydes du bois de chêne". Bordeaux 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR13400.
Texto completoLe, Menn Nicolas. "Études chimique et sensorielle du vieillissement des vins de réserve de Champagne.Développement d’outils de sélection des vins de la Maison Veuve Clicquot Ponsardin". Thesis, Reims, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REIMS041.
Texto completoThe study of the conceptual sensory definition of Champagne reserve wines revealed the characterisation of the aromatic notes developed during the qualitative aging of these wines. The aromatic intensity of undergrowth, truffle, fresh fruits, jummy fruits, tobacco, toasted, roasted , smoked, spicy, pastries, honey, butter / milk, nuts and petrol notes was evaluated in 51 single-varietal reserve wines of Chardonnay, Pinot Noir and Miller aged from 1 to 28 years. A sensory convergence was highlighted, suggesting common molecular determinants of aging.A molecular study, targeting specific classes of aromatic compounds, demonstrated that levels of dimethyl sulphide, tabanone, ethyl 3-methylbutanoate, ethyl 2-methylbutanoate, butyl acetate, 5-methylfurfural, 2-acetylfuran, 2-acetylthophene, 2-methylpyrazine, 2-acetyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2-ethylthiazole and thiazole increase during aging.The conceptual analysis of the aging potential of reserve wines has been decrypted in order to develop a new illustrated sensory analysis method allowing its evaluation. The free amino acids and the potential in DMS may also be indicators of the aging potential of wines.The fractionation method of 31 Champagne reserve wines extract resulted, from a sensory point of view, in an aromatic notes decomposition, typical of these wines. The composition of the involved fractions was then studied by instrumental methods revealing the identification of two molecular markers; cyclotene and isophorone. The sensory analysis of the fractions opened up new perspectives, suggesting the existence of other compounds involved to qualitative aging of these wines
Prieur-Delorme, Corinne. "Caractérisation chimique des procyanidols de pépins de raisin "Vitis vinifer" : Applications à l'étude des propriétés organoleptiques des vins". Montpellier 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON20209.
Texto completoRemize, Fabienne. "Ingénierie de la production de glycérol chez "Saccharomyces cerevisiae" en oenologie. Régulation, surproduction et maîtrise des effets secondaires". Montpellier 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON20016.
Texto completoJacquet, Antoine. "Capsules hélicoïdales d’oligoamides aromatiques : détecteurs moléculaires pour le dosage d’acides organiques du vin". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0921/document.
Texto completoSome relevant wine small molecular components can be selectively recognized by foldamer capsules – artificial oligomeric compounds able to fold into well-defined objects possessing an inner cavity. In recent years, selective and high affinity receptors for fructose, tartaric acid and malic acid have been reported. Here, a new methodology, using solid phase synthetic techniques, for the preparation of a gluconic acid receptor will be discussed. To transform these receptors into sensors, a fluorescent moiety has been incorporated in the binding site. A proof of concept has been achieved using a fluorescence titration of tartaric acid. Indeed, when the guest is encapsulated, a modification of the fluorescence emission is observed. Finally, these fluorescent receptors have been anchored to silica surfaces and pave the way to the development of mobile detection devices. Such sensors could be useful to the wine industry to ensure proper control of biological processes for example during fermentation
Rachidi, Najma. "Etude de la structure du chromosome III de levures oenologiques "Saccharomyces cerevisiae" et évaluation de la spécificité d'expression en fermentation alcoolique". Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20087.
Texto completoBlasi, Mélanie. "Extraction liquide-solide sélective en milieu hydroalcoolique : application à la réduction du pouvoir de combinaison des vins blancs liquoreux". Bordeaux 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR13098.
Texto completoSenée, Jérôme. "Influence des macromolécules et des particules sur la stabilité des mousses de solutions hydroalcooliques complexes : application aux vins de Champagne". Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPL141N.
Texto completoDedieu, François. "Composés phénoliques monomères dans les vins : dosages par chromatographie liquide. Utilisation oenologique". Toulouse, INPT, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPT001A.
Texto completoSalou, Patrick. "Fermentation malolactique chez Leuconostoc oenos : aspects cinétiques, métaboliques et énergétiques". Toulouse, INSA, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ISAT0018.
Texto completoSaint-Prix, Florence. "Production d'acetate chez s. Cerevisiae en fermentation oenologique : Rôle des gènes ALD codant pour les acétaldéhyde déshydrogénases". Montpellier 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON20032.
Texto completoChira, Kleopatra. "Structures moléculaire et perception tannique des raisins et des vins (Cabernet-Sauvignon, Merlot) du Bordelais". Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR21656/document.
Texto completoCabernet-Sauvignon (CS) and Merlot (M) phenolic composition is of paramount importance to grapes and red wines structure and quality (astringency and bitterness) in Bordeaux winegrowing region. Tannins and anthocyanins composition as well as tannin perception have been studied for Cabernet-Sauvignon and Merlot grapes and wines. Grapes study was carried out with samples from five vineyards located in Bordeaux (Pauillac, Margaux, Saint Emilion (1), Saint Emilion (2)and Côtes de Bourg) for three consecutive vintages (2006, 2007 and 2008) and for different soil types (Silty, Sandy, Silty-sandy 1, Silty-sandy 2, Silty clay-sandy for M and Clay-loam, Sandy-silty 1, Silty-sandy, Sandy-silty 2 and Silty for CS). The proanthocyanidin monomers [(+)-catechin (C), (-)-epicatechin (EC), (-)-epicatechin-O-gallatte] and oligomers [dimers: B1, B2, B3, B4 and trimer Cat-Cat-Epi] from grape extracts (seed and skin) and wine were identified and quantified by HPLC-UV-Fluo. Percentage of galloylation (%G), percentage of prodelphinidins (%P) as well as mean degree of polymerization (mDP) of grape tannins oligomers and wine tannins were determined by HPLC-UV-MS. Sensory analysis concerning astringency and bitterness intensity of grape tannins oligomers (skins and seeds) and wines was also performed. The anthocyanic composition of glucosides [cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (Cy), delphinidin-3-O-glucoside (Dp), paeonidin-3-O-glucoside (Pn), malvidin-3-O-glucoside (Mv), petunidin-3-O-glucoside (Pt)] acetylated glucosides (paeonidin-3-O-glucoside, malvidin-3-O-glucoside]) and coumarylic glucosides (paeonidin-3-O-glucoside, malvidin-3-O-glucoside) of skins extracts and wines were analysed by HPLS-MS. Soil, vintage and grape variety influence on the above parameters are explored. The vintage in both cases (grapes and wines), has a significant effect and dominates that of grape variety (grape and wine) and soil (grape). Depending on soil type and vintage, tannins grapes quality is evaluated. CS seeds from Silty-sandy soil present a great variability on mDP (3.8 to 7.2) and on % G (19.0 to 51.3). The above seeds are more astringent and bitter than those from other soil types. The 2006 seeds (CS) are more astringent and bitter than these from the other vintages, even if they are characterized by G % and mDP values two times lower than these of 2007. Skins (CS) of Silty-sandy soils, have the highest mDP (30.89) and % G (5.07) average values and are perceived as more astringent. M seeds from Silty-sandy 1 and Silty soil have the maximum mDP values (3.20 and 3.03); Silty-sandy 1 M seeds present the highest astringency and bitterness intensities. For M seeds, astringency intensities present the same values for the 3 vintages. The 2007 seeds (M) have the highest % G (33.34) and are perceived bitter than those from the other vintages. M skins from Sandy soils are the most astringent with a strong variation on % P (3.8 to 14.0). M skins from Silty soils are less astringent and are characterized by lower mDP values (10.42) than these from other soils. In seeds, CS presents a mDP (4.15) and a % G (26.12) higher than M (2.74 and 21.22 %). CS skins are also characterized by higher mDP (22.85), % G (3.24 %) and % P (14.99 %) values than M (mDP = 19.42, % G = 1.31 % and %, P = 5.54 %). For all three vintages studied, the grape variety does not affect the astringency and bitterness intensity in both skin and seed tannins extracts. The consistent differences between CS and M for the three vintages on anthocyanin composition are on : Cy, Pt, Pn, Mv, acetylated and coumarylic anthocyanin levels. Acetylated anthocyanins values are two times highest for CS (6.99 mg/g), while M presents (3.31 mg/g) coumarylic anthocyanin levels higher than CS (1.99 mg/g). The study concerning wine tannin quality, was conducted for 24 vintages for CS and for 7 vintages for M. Total phenolic compounds, total anthocyanins, total tannins, tannin monomers (C+EC), hue, IC' (color intensity), % G, % P, mDP and astringency intensity differentiate wines according to vintage. The correlation between wine age and: mDP, hue, astringency, total phenolic compounds, tannin monomers (C+EC) and total tannin levels are obtained. The qualitative tannin and wine characterization is established by correlation between astringency and mDP (R 2 = 0.509, p = 0.051, CS; R2= 0.780, p = 0.000, M). In addition, the mDP appears to be vintage marker (R 2 = 0.796, p = 0.000; CS and R2 = 0.946, p = 0.000; M). Scale patterns between wine mDP and both ageing and tannin perception (astringency) are proposed. M wines are characterized by lower levels of total phenolic compounds, tannins, anthocyanins, mDP, % G, % P % levels as well as by lower astringency intensity than CS wines. Ethanol level seems to be positively correlated to bitterness (r = 0.39, p < 0.05)
Marchand, Stéphanie. "Formation d'hétérocycles aromatiques des vins à partir de la cystéine et des composés carbonyles". Bordeaux 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR20941.
Texto completoThis work describes the role of dicarbonyl compounds (glyoxal, methylglyoxal, diacetyl and pentan-2,3-dione) associated with cysteine in the formation of maillard-type odorous products under conditions close to those of wine, i. E. Low pH, aqueous medium and low temperatures. From a chemical point of view cysteine is the most remarkable amino-acid presents in wine. In a first step, cysteine quantification was done using derivatization-HPLC-fluorimetry and the parameters of cysteine formation in wine were studied. Then, reaction products between cysteine and carbonyls were identified. That is to say, heterocyclic compounds like thiazole, 2,4-dimethylthiazole, 2-acetylthiazole, 2-acetylthiazoline, 2-furanmethanzthiol and tiophene-2-thiol. Descriptors are "pop corn", "roasted", "peanuts" for thiazoles and "roasted coffee" or "burned rubber" for furans and trioohenes. To determine their concentrations quantitative assay methods have been optimized by using GC/MS and GC/FPD. Most of these molecules were identified for the first time in wines from various origins. Under conditions close to those of wine a new intermediate in the formation of 2-acetylthiazole from methylglyoxal and cysteine is described : N-(2-sulfanylethyl)-2-oxopropanamide (SOPA). It was characterized by MS, derivatization-MS, derivatization-MS, and 1H and13C NMR, and was synthetized from 2-sulfanylethanamine and ethylpyruvate. We suggest that SOPA is a new intermediate in Maillard-type systems in mild conditions
Grenier, Pierre. "Conception d'un outil de mise en oeuvre et d'optimisation du pilotage des fermentations alcooliques vinicoles". Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20119.
Texto completoPlantevin, Marc. "Exploring varietal diversity as a tool for adapting wine production to climate change, using an ecophysiological, chemical and sensorial approach. Application to the Bordeaux area". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2025. http://www.theses.fr/2025BORD0015.
Texto completoThe aim of the PhD is to study the physiological behaviour of a wide range of Vitis vinifera grapevines varieties as well as the typicity of their wines produced in the context of a changing climate in the Bordeaux vineyards. To study those questions, data were mostly collected in an experimental common garden in château La Tour Carnet, belonging to the “Vignobles Bernard Magrez” and planted in the heart of the Bordeaux vineyards. Some data were also sourced from the VitAdapt experiment plot, planted next to the research center “Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin”.This PhD includes two main parts. The first part is related to physiological assessment of the adaptation potential of the varieties. Phenology dates of 69 varieties from the La Tour Carnet plot were collected over two vintages to classify the varieties on a range from earlier phenology to later phenology. Among those 69 varieties, 25 were selected to study their yield components over one to two vintages.Responses to water deficits were studied for 48 different varieties with δ13C and water potential measurements over multiple vintages taken from the VitAdapt plot. This allowed to characterise the varietal effect on the water use efficiency (WUE). WUE in non-limiting conditions (when considered with phenology) was found to be a potential tool to asses resilience to water deficit for these varieties. Hydroscapes (which where correlated with some of the δ13C metrics) were also drawn using water potential measurements on a subset of 6 varieties for defining the strategies of those varieties in their iso/anisohydricity behavior.Finally, a large study covering 51 varieties over multiple vintages aimed to analyse the varietal effect on the acidic components from veraison to harvest. Varietal differences in malic acid degradation and tartaric acid modulation were characterized. pH was found to be differently impacted by tartaric acid, malic acid and inorganic cations over the course of the ripening period with a strong varietal effect. It helped in identifying varieties that tend to keep a low pH despite a higher malic acid degradation rate or despite increased uptake of K+.The second part of the PhD studied the volatile composition and the sensory profiles of the wines produced from a subset of 25 red varieties. The wines were made in vintages 2018 to 2022, from the experimental vineyard of La Tour Carnet, in similar winemaking conditions.A first analyses questioned the varietal effect on the volatile composition of the wines. By quantifying 52 known volatile compounds on all the wines, a precise assessment of the varietal effect on those compounds was performed, excluding potential vintage/evolution biases. Similarities among varieties were shown by means of a hierarchical clustering analyses (HCA). This HCA also revealed that classical Bordeaux varieties tend to produce wines with some similarities in their volatile composition.All the wines went through sensory analyses with a large panel of wine professionals. By rating their typicity, a classification of the varieties based on the typicity of the wines they produce was made. Classical Bordeaux varieties were found to produce highly typical wines but other varieties not from Bordeaux were also producing very typical wines. Then a Check-All-That-Apply (CATA) was made by the judges to characterize the sensory profiles of the wines. Through statistical treatments, the boundaries of the sensorial space of the Bordeaux typicity were established. Finally, an HCA was made to assess similarities in sensory profiles from the 25 varieties that allowed to identify 5 non-Bordeaux varieties of interest for their potential introduction in the Bordeaux vineyards.Two last sensory analyses were made to assess the impact of those 5 non-Bordeaux varieties in a classical blend that showed that the typicity of the blend was barely impacted, even when new varieties account for 30% in the final blend of the wine
Six, Thérèse. "Migration de constituants de colles et de produits de traitements de surface utilises pour les bouchons de vin de champagne. Physico-chimie et modelisation de la diffusion dans le bouchon". Reims, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000REIMS029.
Texto completoAntalick, Guillaume. "Bilan biochimique et sensoriel des modifications de la note fruitée des vins rouges lors de la fermentation malolactique : rôle particulier des esters". Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR21792/document.
Texto completoThe aim of this thesis is to study the role of malolactic fermentation (MLF) on the fruity aroma of red wines. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) modify wine composition but there is no consensus concerning this aromatic group specifically. In opposition to empirical ideas on MLF, this work has demonstrated the absence, in short-term, of a “lactic-mask” although this kind of olfactory interaction may still occur in a later stage of wine development. Nevertheless, the existence of a smoked/toasted reduction-like mask note was proved. Its characterization has not been done in this work. The survey of the main fruity markers of wine (70 compounds) was made possible by the development of several gas chromatography coupled with solid-phase microextraction analytical methods (esters, C13-norisoprenoids, lactones, thiols). In particular, the creation of an “ester database” (32 compounds) has improved the detection of variations during LAB development in terms of analysis robustness. In fact, changes on esters contents are proved to be responsible for a major part of fruity notes evolution during MLF. Initially, this fermentation allows both synthesis and hydrolysis of esters as a consequence of esterase activity. Moreover, it promotes late-production of ethylic esters through the catabolism of certain aminoacids. Esterases specificity towards nature and size of the esters carbon chain is pointed out along with substrates availability, partially related to yeast activity.The study of the influence of both LAB strains and yeast/bacteria co-inoculation has confirmed microorganisms interactions and wine matrix composition to be of the great importance
Bidard, Frédérique. "Clonage et analyse d'un gène de floculation FLOS de "Saccharomyces cerevisiae" : introduction du caractère floculant dans des levures oenologiques". Montpellier 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON20043.
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