Tesis sobre el tema "Chimie aromatique"
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Cravo, Laurence. "Etude de l'extraction d'une huile aromatique et de la rectification du miscella". Toulouse, INPT, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991INPT011G.
Texto completoChbani, Mohamed. "Polysubstitution nucléophile aromatique : synthèse d'hétérocycles à 5 ou 6 chaînons comportant azote, soufre, phosphore". Paris 11, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA114847.
Texto completoMagneron, Isabelle. "Cinétiques et mécanismes de photooxydation atmosphérique de composés oxygénés : aldéhydes insaturés, hydroxyaldéhyde, diol, hydroxycétone et alcool aromatique". Orléans, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ORLE2043.
Texto completoGuignard, Raphaël. "Application de la Chimie Radicalaire des Xanthates à la Synthèse de Composés Biologiquement Actifs Possédant un Noyau Aromatique". Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00938415.
Texto completoGuignard, Raphaël. "Application de la Chimie Radicalaire des Xanthates à la Synthèse de Composés Biologiquement Actifs Possédant un Noyau Aromatique". Phd thesis, Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2013. https://pastel.hal.science/docs/00/93/84/15/PDF/Manuscrit_de_thA_se_Final.pdf.
Texto completoThis thesis mainly deals with various aspects of xanthate radical chemistry. The first chapter is a general introduction to radical chemistry and provides an overview of the xanthate radical chemistry. The next chapter presents a new methodology for the synthesis of polycyclic aromatic compounds from strained epoxy-olefins. The third chapter describes the total synthesis of the purported structure of flossonol and of one of its isomers and concludes with the resolution of the structure of the natural product. The next section presents the study of different strategies for the synthesis of pseudoptéroxazole. In this work, a method of net contra-thermodynamic isomerization of carbon- carbon trisubstituted endocyclic double bonds has been developed and is the subject of the fifth chapter. The sixth part of the manuscript deals with an attempt to synthesize the structure of eudesmanes and finally , the seventh chapter presents a methodology for the synthesis of benzene derivatives through a 1-5 acyl transfer starting from a 3-methylene-1,4-cyclohexadiene
Becht, Jean-Michel. "Mise au point de nouvelles réactions en chimie aromatique : Vers la synthèse totale de la (2S,3R,4S)-4-hydroxy-isoleucine". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002STR13220.
Texto completoThe development of novel reactions in chemistry, as well as the total synthesis of natural products are very important fields, in order to synthetize new molecules that possess interesting biological activity. The strategies developped should be simple, efficient, easily transposed on large scale and environmentally friendly. In the first part of this thesis, we set up an original methodology to synthetise biaryl structures by a non catalyzed coupling reaction of an aryllithium and a haloarene. The reactants are cheap, commercially available, and the reaction could easily be transposed on large scale. During this study, we evidenced a new direct nucleophilic aromatic substitution pathway for this coupling reaction. In the second part, we developped a new thiolating agent of aromatic compounds by a Friedel-Crafts type reaction with an activated sulfoxyde. This methodology has been extended to the solid phase for the synthesis of a polystyrene thiol resin. In the last part, we studied an original synthesis, that gives easily acces in a few steps to (2S,3R,4S)-4-hydroxy-isoleucine, a non natural aminoacid that possess very interesting antidiabetic activity. Two strategies were involved. Firstly, we studied an enantioselective epoxyde opening reaction by an anion derived from several amino-acids. Secondly, we considered an asymetric hydrogenation procedure of an achiral precursor of 4-hydroxy-isoleucine. Eventually, we were interested in the synthesis of a novel diamine that could easily be used as a ligand for asymmetric catalysis
Rieux, Catherine. "Préparation et mécanisme d'action de nouveaux réactifs homogènes en fluoration : fluoration par échange d'halogène en série aromatique". Aix-Marseille 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX30075.
Texto completoSchneider, Rémi. "Contribution à la connaissance de l'arôme et du potentiel aromatique du Melon B. (Vitis vinifera L. ) et des vins de Muscadet". Montpellier 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON20156.
Texto completoPichette, drapeau Martin. "Nouvelles méthodes de synthèse pour la formation de liaisons C(aryl)-hétéroatome et C(aryl)-C par réactions de substitution nucléophile aromatique et vinylique". Thesis, Montpellier, Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENCM0005.
Texto completoThe primary objective of our doctoral research was centered on the use of aryl halides as electrophiles for nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr). First, we tried to create C(aryl)−heteroatom bonds by reacting heteroatom nucleophiles with aryl halides substituted by electron-withdrawing groups. The results of this study were compared with inconsistencies found in the literature and show that the expected order of reactivity of aryl halides is not always observed. A beneficial effect was observed by adding 2,2,6,6-tetramethylheptane-3,5-dione to the reaction of phenols and aryl halides substituted by electron-donating groups in what is the first method allowing the synthesis of diarylethers without added metal catalysts by this pathway. Second, we developed a general α-arylation reaction of aryl ketones with aryl halides under mild reaction conditions. Use of KOt-Bu, an inorganic base capable of single-electron transfer, and DMF as additive enables the synthesis of α-arylketones in excellent yields. This method was applied to the synthesis of fused heterocycles and (Z) tamoxifen, molecules possessing biological activity. A mechanistic study showed that the carbamoyl anion of DMF is involved in a single-electron transfer reaction with aryl halides as the key step of the mechanism. We next applied this method to the nucleophilic vinylic substitution of β-halogenostyrenes. While literature precedents suggest ionic mechanisms for reactions involving these substrates, we obtained experimental evidence suggesting a radical mechanism. Third, we tried to develop the first protocol enabling the copper-catalyzed synthesis of unsymmetrical biaryls starting from aryl halides and triarylbismuthanes(III). Although many bidentate and tetradentated ligands were tested, further optimization is required in order to develop a general method, as only low yields are obtained. Globally, we have contributed to the determination of the experimental frontier between SNAr and metallic catalysis, to the α-functionnalization of aryl ketones and to the synthesis of biaryls through copper-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of triarylbismuths
Jadaud, Philippe. "Separation d'hydrocarbures polynucleaires aromatiques par chromatographie en phase liquide". Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066442.
Texto completoHADDAD-FAHED, OMAIMA. "Catalyse micellaire de reactions de substitution nucleophile aromatique comportant des reactifs electriquement charges". Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066419.
Texto completoDelsuc, Nicolas. "Structures tertiaires protéomimétiques issues d'oligoamides aromatiques". Bordeaux 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR13450.
Texto completoNardi, Frederico. "Etudes par dynamique moléculaire et spectroscopie RMN de la structure locale des petits peptides en solution aqueuse mettant en jeu des résidus aromatiques". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10089.
Texto completoJoalland, Baptiste. "Coordination du silicium aux hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques : modélisations et expériences dans les conditions du milieu interstellaire". Toulouse 3, 2011. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1449/.
Texto completoThe presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in interstellar and circumstellar regions is one of the major discoveries of the infrared astronomy. These macromolecules, which are responsible for the aromatic infrared bands (AIBs) that illuminate numerous interstellar objects, play an essential role in the physics and chemistry of these media. The hypothesis of an organometallic chemistry that involves these macromolecules and heavy elements such as iron, silicon or magnesium has been proposed to account for both the strong depletion of these element in the gas phase of the diffuse interstellar medium and the variations observed in the AIBs. The work in this thesis has uncovered the structural, energetic and vibrational properties of [SiPAH]0/+ p-complexes of astrophysical interest by combining ab initio and density functional theory (DFT) approaches to the calculations of electronic structure. Since the species responsible for the AIBs are vibrationally excited, the influence of temperature on the characteristic vibration modes of [SiPAH]+ complexes has been evaluated by Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics simulations. Preliminary experimental results on the reactivity of the system {Si+ ; C24H12} have been obtain with the PIRENEA set-up, an ion trap dedicated to astrochemistry. [SiPAH]+ p-complexes were formed efficiently and a novel isomerization mechanism has been proposed based on DFT calculations
Aissaoui, Regadia. "Réaction de substitution nucléophile aromatique des acides naphtoïques ortho-fluorés/méthoxylés avec les réactifs de Grignards et les organolithiens (SNArAB)". Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00684960.
Texto completoLaboyrie, Justine. "Composition et origine du bouquet de vieillissement des vins rouges de Bordeaux. Influences du terroir dans l'expression aromatique des vins vieux". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0228.
Texto completoAmong wines, those which impart the most pleasure and magic to amateurs are very often aged wines. These are bottles preserved for many years in the hope of a great tasting. Upon opening, the taster will expect to discover the complexity and elegance of the wine's aging bouquet. This olfactory concept, in which aromas produced during bottle aging blend harmoniously with those of the wine's youth, is the gift offered by great wines to epicureans. The expression of the bouquet is purported to be very closely linked to the terroir and the vintage, both revealed during the course of aging. This thesis work is essentially devoted to demonstrating and detailing this empirical knowledge.Firstly, quantitative analysis was carried out on several molecules linking the composition of grape berries to fermentation activities and to aging. Eighty wines of different vintages from several Bordeaux vineyards “Châteaux” were studied. Analysis of the results showed that the wines each have their own molecular identity despite variability due to vintage and age. The presence of terpene compounds, derived from plant metabolism, is fundamental in the construction of this identity. This differentiation of the wines at a molecular level shows the importance of grape composition and the expression of terroir on the identity of old wines.Secondly, the parameters of the terroir (water status, nitrogen status, and grape variety, for example) were compared to the concentrations of the aromas studied, which were measured using gas chromatography techniques. This work required the development of analytical tools as well as the designing of several experiments on various scales (from laboratory to wine production units). Finally, with the aim of obtaining tools that could help predict the aging potential and the emergence of the bouquet, an additional study focusing on the precursors of bouquet aromas was initiated. Among the compounds that influence the expression of the bouquet, dimethyl sulfide (DMS) has multiple organoleptic characteristics, contributing to the “fresh fruit” and “truffle” characters of old wines. The influence of wine-growing parameters on the levels of DMS precursors (pDMS) was studied. The modulation of its levels was also explored. DMS levels, determined through the measurement of its potential, are largely influenced by the conditions of the vintage and by the stage of ripeness of the grape. However, fermentation conditions constitute a real issue for its preservation during winemaking and therefore its management at bottling. The release of DMS during aging depends on the matrix since interactions with grape tannins take place. In that context, the behavior of the DMS during tasting was clarified. The DMS could therefore be a good marker both of the terroir and the management of fermentation, as well as the way of serving old wine. This thesis presents many questions on the molecular origins of other compounds of interest, and the influence of fermentation and wine aging conditions on the aging potential and aromatic character of old wines
Belaud-Rotureau, Mickaël. "Substitution nucléophile aromatique des acides benzoïques et naphtoïques ortho fluorés/méthoxylés non protégés (SNArAB) par les bases fortes (RLi, RMgX et R2NLi) en l'absence de catalyseur métallique". Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00510819.
Texto completoGahlot, Sapna. "Asterisk-shaped arenes and heteroarenes incorporating sulfur, oxygen and nitrogen : synthesis, structures, photophysics, dynamic and supramolecular covalent chemistry". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022AIXM0097.
Texto completoThe content of this thesis focusses on functionalized and branched polysulfurated, polyoxygenated or polycyanated molecular asterisks incorporating either a benzene, a pyridine or a pyrene core. The main objectives are to report the synthesis and the structural, photophysical, supramolecular and covalent dynamic properties of the newly created molecular architectures, in order to develop further uses and applications of them in a near future, toward molecular electronics, imaging, materials and life sciences in general. It also questions some fundamental principles and mechanisms in organic chemistry, notably the reversibility of a main and historical mechanism in organic chemistry: the nucleophilic aromatic substitution, which is known since 1854. At first, the thesis covers new synthetic approaches to functionalize pyrene in its K-region, which has been neglected in spite of the historical importance of pyrenes in optoelectronic sensing, materials and biological sciences. It is followed by the synthesis of various sulfurated, oxygenated and cyanated molecular asterisks with a benzene or pyridine core, in search for a new field in dynamic covalent chemistry (DCC) with arenes and heteroarenes, by implementing and promoting reversible nucleophilic aromatic substitutions in DCC, while at the same time developing all-organic highly phosphorescent smart materials via a rigidity-induced phosphorescence (RIP) phenomena
Eyssautier, Joëlle. "Caractérisation et Modélisation des Asphaltènes en Conditions Réactionnelles d'Hydrotraitement". Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/66/69/75/PDF/ThA_se_Joelle_Eyssautier_2012_pour_impression.pdf.
Texto completoDue to a high energy demand, the petroleum industry has to focus on low quality products such as heavy oils and distillation residua, to be transformed into valuable fractions. These products show difficulties to be converted during hydrotreating processes because of their asphaltene content, which are heavy molecules with peculiar aggregation properties. Small angle scattering techniques (X rays, neutrons and light) were used to characterize the system on a wide length scale (1 nm - 1 μm). Asphaltenes in model solvents were first investigated to refine the description of nanoaggregates made of core/shell discs, organized at a larger length scale into polydisperse fractal clusters. This colloidal approach was then adapted to study the asphaltenes in processing conditions. A nanofiltration process has been performed, and the structural study of the fractions made evidence that the system is a colloidal suspension of particles. The behavior through temperature elevation depends on the length scale of interest: while clusters are sensitive to temperature, nanoaggregates persist at 300°C. The hierarchical aggregation scheme enables predicting viscosity behaviors through temperature and concentration variations. These findings on structural organization and characteristic particle sizes near processing temperatures improve the knowledge required for heavy oil transport, hydroconversion process and catalyst design
Aubry, Victoire. "Contribution à la connaissance aromatique des vins de pinot noir de Bourgogne par des méthodes instrumentales et sensorielles : étude de la potentialité olfactive de quatre composés d'arôme". Dijon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999DIJOS026.
Texto completoRocca, Patrick. "Nouvelle synthèse d'aza-carbazoles par association des réactions de métallation et de couplage croisé hétéro-aromatique. Préparation d'alcaloïdes de la famille des béta-carbolines". Rouen, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ROUES037.
Texto completoNguyen, Thi Thanh Thuy. "Métallation chimiosélective des azobenzènes. Substitution nucléophile aromatique des acides naphtoïques en présence de ligands chiraux". Thesis, Le Mans, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LEMA1035.
Texto completoThis thesis is divided into two independant parts. The first part describes for the first time the chemoselective lithiation of azobenzenes. Azobenzenes derivatives are widely used as dyes and more recently have been applied to the preparation of photoresponsive molecular switches and materials by taking advantage of the N=N bond E/Z photoisomerization. Whereas standard polar organometallics (n-BuLi, n-BuLi/TMEDA, n-BuLi/t-BuOK, TMPMgCl.LiCl, LDA) reduce the N=N bond of the parent compound, aromatic HLi permutation occurs with LTMP when a suitable director of lithiation (OMe, CONEt2, F) is present in the benzene residue of the azo compound. The method allows a direct access to new substituted azobenzenes.Axially chiral biaryls, which are found in many biologically active natural products, are conventionally used as ligands for asymmetric catalysis. The purpose of the second part is to develop a new method for the preparation of axially chiral biaryls in the absence of transition metals (Pd, Ni…). To tackle that goal, nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions on unprotected naphthoic acids were performed in the presence of chiral ligands. A careful optimization of the reaction parameters (choice of the solvent, temperature, structure of the ligand…) allowed to prepare chiral 1,1’- binaphthalenes 1,2’- binaphthalenes and phenylnaphthalenes in good yields and enantiomeric excesses (up to 89% ee). The atroposelective SNAr reaction of naphthyloxazoline and naphthoate derivatives was also reported
Sebaoun, Laure. "Conception, synthèse et études structurales de foldamères aromatiques repliés en feuillet". Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00956734.
Texto completoWietzke, Raphaël. "Complexation des éléments par des ligands tripodes azotés : application à l'extraction sélective des actinides(III)". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10223.
Texto completoAssafi, Mohamed. "Etude comparée en vaporeformage des aromatiques substitués sur catalyseurs métalliques". Poitiers, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987POIT2298.
Texto completoLe, Tin Thanh. "Métallation et substitution nucléophile aromatique des acides benzoïques non protégés : application à la synthèse totale de l’apogossypol". Thesis, Le Mans, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LEMA1016/document.
Texto completoAs part of a program directed toward the study of the reactivity of unprotected benzoicacids with polar organometallics, the total racemic synthesis of apogossypol analogues bymetalation reactions was studied as well as the aromatic nucleophilic substitution reaction ofortho-fluoro- and ortho-methoxybenzoic acids (SNArAB reaction).Gossypol (1,1’,6,6’,7,7’-hexahydroxy-5,5’-di-iso-propyl-3,3’-diméthyl-2,2’-binaphtalène-8,8’-dicarboxaldéhyde) which is the main pigment of cotton seed, displaysmultiple pharmacological applications. It is a potent anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein inhibitor.The racemic route developed herein allows the replacement of the iso-propyl groups byvirtually any alkyl groups, providing a series of 5,5’-dides-iso-propyl-5,5’-dialkylapogossypolderivatives. Lateral metalation of 4-hydroxy-6,7-dimethoxy-8-methyl-2-naphthoic acid withLTMP is the key step of the synthesis. Atroposelective synthesis of apogossypol analoguewas also examined. The strategy relies on the “lactone concept” and involves a functionalizedlactone as a key intermediateThe influence of halogen atoms (F, Cl, Br) and methoxy groups on the 1,2-addition/SNArAB selectivity was examined. Treatment of 2-fluoro-6-halobenzoic acids withorganolithiums or Grignard reagents gives ipso-substituted products in excellent yields. Themethod allows the efficient preparation of 3-halo-[1,1’-biphenyl]-2-carboxylic acids and doesnot require protection of the carboxylate. Interestingly, the presence of an additional methoxyin C3 reduces the nucleophilic addition of the organometallic species to the carboxylate and2,3-dimethoxybenzoic acid affords ipso-substituted products in good yields
Oviawe, Amowie Philip. "Modélisation de l'hydroliquéfaction du charbon : Influence des catalyseurs sur la décomposition du benzylphénylether en présence de solvants hydroaromatiques". Nancy 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10078.
Texto completoBensaci, Abderrahmane. "Etude par RMN du sélénium 77 et du tellure 125 de la cinétique d'échange de dichalcogénures aromatiques". Rouen, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ROUES008.
Texto completoColonna, Pierre. "Un cyclopropane donneur-accepteur original pour la synthèse de benzocylobutènes substitués via une cascade réactionnelle". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022AIXM0336.
Texto completoBenzocyclobutenes (BCBs) derivatives are of significant interest due to the cooperative effects between the thermodynamic stability coming from the aromatic ring and the high reactivity of the strained cyclobutene moiety. In this regard, BCBs have been used as an original building block for the synthesis of natural products and also as precursors for the development of polymers. On the other hand, small rings represent a valuable three-atoms building element in the search to reach molecular complexity in an atom economical manner and often participate in fascinating chemical transformations. This release of ring tension usually allows for a scalable, rapid and controlled synthetic access to the expected target molecules. In this context, a new class of donor-acceptor cyclopropane (DAC) has recently been developed in our laboratory combining a silyl protected cyclopropanol with an α,β-unsaturated ester. Gratifyingly, the latter delivered the corresponding highly functionalized benzocyclobutenes in good yields. Experimental investigations demonstrated that depending on the substitutions of the silyl protected cyclopropanol (donor part), a one-step or two-steps approach had to be adopted. In this way, a library of BCB with alkyl- or aryl- substituent on the cyclobutene ring have been synthesised. Mechanistic studies demonstrated experimentally the total regioselectivity observed on the substituted BCB depending on the diastereochemistry of the DAC. Finally, the synthesis of taylor-made monomers has been also explored. Typically, the introduction of an alkoxy or amino group on the four-membered ring has been envisaged thanks to a post-functionalisation approach
Goumri, Abdellatif. "Constantes de vitesse des réactions avec O2, NO et NO2 de radicaux de type benzyle : mesures par fluorescence induite par laser en tube à écoulement". Lille 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LIL10033.
Texto completoShum, Cheong Sing Alain. "Étude des composants aromatiques de Jumellea fragrans. Recherche des critères de qualité des rhums de la Réunion". Toulouse, INPT, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992INPT064G.
Texto completoAntivilo, Osvaldo. "Les hydrocarbures aromatiques en milieu urbain : mesures et impact sur la chimie atmosphérique". Paris 7, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA077249.
Texto completoGiguère, Jean-Benoît. "Nouvelles molécules aromatiques Pi-étendues pour applications en chimie supramoléculaire et en optoélectronique". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26010.
Texto completoThis thesis presents the development of new π-conjugated units for supramolecular complexation of fullerenes and optoelectronic applications. A variety of π-extended and polycyclic aromatic structures were synthesized, characterized and their potential in supramolecular and organic electronic was assessed. In the first chapter, the thesis objectives and theoretical elements are introduced for a better understanding and contextualization of the main chapters. Chapter 2 presents the design and synthesis of a class of strapped porphyrins functionalized with different aromatic units. Structural variations allowed for a comparative structure-property relationship analysis of C60 and C70 complexation. The third chapter details the synthesis of a new super-extended tetrathiafulvalene derivative, abbreviated sExTTF, from the anthanthrone scaffold. Study of a bis-sExTTF supramolecular host for fullerenes led to the observation of the photooxidation of the 1,3-dithiol-2-ylidene bond. This photooxidation reaction is sensitized by the fullerene and has significant implications for supramolecular and materials chemistry. The 4th chapter presents the initial work on chemical functionalization of the pigment Vat Orange 3. The 4,10-dibromoanthanthrone unit was used as a versatile substrate in order to tune the optoelectronic properties by multiple functionalization strategies. The bandgap and redox properties were controlled over a wide range. In the 5th chapter, the functionalization of the anthanthrone scaffold was further extended at the 6,12-positions with amines and imines. The optoelectronic and packing properties of the anthanthramine core were modulated via N-functionalization with an easily thermally removable N-Boc protecting group. The effect of local aromaticity on π-conjugation was also evaluated. Chapter 6 presents the synthesis of a family of cruciform anthanthrene derivatives for a structure-properties relationship study. This study allowed the determination of the most effective π-conjugation pathway along the 6,12-axis. The potential of anthanthrene derivatives as p-type semi-conductors for organic field effect transistors and solar cells was assessed in chapter 7. A conclusion and perspective of the past and future work is presented in the final chapter.
Rammal, Adel. "Chimie sol-gel des alcoxydes de titane(IV) complexés par des ligands aromatiques". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR13208.
Texto completoSol-gel chemistry may be considered as one of the major field of nanotechnologies that are interested by conceiving and synthesizing materials at the nanometer scale. Our approach is base on a strategy of elaboration of new hybrid organic-inorganic materials from molecular complexes in solution without burning of the final material. In a first step we have studied the chemical modification of titanium alkoxides Ti(OR)4 by aromatic ligands bearing at least one phenolic function: 2,6-bis(hydroxymethyl)-p-cresol, pyrocatechol, salicylic acid and 2,2'-biphenol. All these complexes have been characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, multinuclear NMR in solution and in the solid state and by infrared spectroscopy. The choice of these particular molecules was partly based on previous studies and was also made to study the effect of the size of the chelating ring upon the structure and chemical reactivity of these new complexes. A new titanium(IV) oxo-carboxylate was also synthesized after reaction of titanium(IV) isopropoxide with penylacetic acid (PAA). Using single-crystal X-ray diffraction it was shown that this new complex Ti6O6(OPri)6(PAA)6 displayed a prismatic shape. These complexes have then been hydrolyzed by tetramethylammonium hydroxide at T = 200ʿC for one night in order to get anatase nanocrystals. The average size as well as the size distribution of these nanocrystals was shown to decrease when the ratio R = Ti/NMe4 was increased. Nucleation and growth of these anatase nanocrystals was also deeply affected by the presence of phenylacetate ions in the aqueous solution. However, it was not possible to establish any correlation between the large anisotropy of the molecular shape of the starting precursor and the final shape of the nanocrystals
Navarro, Brigitte. "Application de la réaction de cycloaddition [2+2] du dichlorocétène sur les oléfines en synthèse". Grenoble 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990GRE10114.
Texto completoImhaoulene, Saïd. "Réaction de substitution d'halogénures aromatiques sur zéolithes Cu-ZSM5". Poitiers, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995POIT2261.
Texto completoBerionni, Guillaume. "Synthèse, structure et réactivité de nouveaux composés aromatiques, hétéroaromatiques et de nouvelles oléfines électrophiles : de leur réactivité covalente à leur réactivité supramoléculaire". Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009VERS0055.
Texto completoThis work highlights the multifaceted covalent and supramolecular reactivity of strongly electron-deficient ariomatic, heteroaromatic and olefinic structures. In a first chapter, the synthesis, the functionnalisation and the N-alkylation of various heteroaromatics substituted by electron withdrawing groups are described. New original nitroolefinic moieties and related Michael acceptors were synthesized. Concomitantly, the characterization of all compounds has been carried out using, in particular, mass spectrometry, NMR and X-ray crystallography. The second chapter reports on the characterization of a number of important reaction intermediates such as zwitterions, charge transfer complexes and Meisenheimer complexes in a variety of Diels-Alder r"eactions, Michael additions and nucleophilic aromatic substitutions. Thermodynamic and kinetic investigations as well as DFT calculations have allowed the ranking of a large set of electrophiles on well-established experimental and theorical reactivity scales. Evidence is thus provided that most of our heterocyclic nitro derivatives exhibit an exceptional electrophilic character, as compared with traditional electron deficient aromatic like trinitrobenzene. The last part describes the electrochimical behaviour and the study of thze electron accepting strength of our new heteroaromatics. Their propensity to form non covalent molecular complexes with strong donors such as anthracenes and tetrathiafulvalenes is described for the first time
Allou, Lyassine. "Chimie multiphasique et mesure des concentrations des aldéhydes et des composés aromatiques dans l’air". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2008. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/restreint/theses_doctorat/2008/ALLOU_Lyassine_2008.pdf.
Texto completoAllou, Lyassine Mirabel Philippe Le Calve Stéphane. "Chimie multiphasique et mesure des concentrations des aldéhydes et des composés aromatiques dans l'air". Strasbourg : Université Louis Pasteur, 2008. http://eprints-scd-ulp.u-strasbg.fr:8080/00000963.
Texto completoGraff, Jean-Bernard. "Méthodes analytiques fines appliquées à l'authentification d'extraits aromatiques". Lyon 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO10139.
Texto completoGoulay, Fabien. "Etudes de réactions d'hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques par la méthode CRESU". Rennes 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004REN10061.
Texto completoKizilian, Elyane. "Complexation et transferts protoniques au sein de motifs superélectrophiles aromatiques et hétéroaromatiques". Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000VERS0021.
Texto completoRUHLAND-FRITSCH, BEATRICE. "Synthese et etude pharmacologique de derives benzeniques d'analogues du gaba". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STR13056.
Texto completoKuehm-Caubère, Catherine. "Synthèses d'antioxydants indoliques : 1) synthèse d'indoles par cyclisations aryniques intramoléculaires; 2) réactivité des 5-methoxyindoles vis-à-vis des couples alx#3rsh". Nancy 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NAN10110.
Texto completoJani, Thaviligadu Diksha. "Réactivité de la morine et photophysique des hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques par chimie quantique et spectroscopie électronique". Thesis, Lille 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL1R007.
Texto completoThis manuscript deals with two independent topics: complexation of flavonoids with metal cations and the study of the excited states of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.Morin is a flavonoid that bears multiple fixation sites. Largely present in the vegetal kingdom, it is often in close proximity to metal cations. The complexation reactions of the zinc, manganese and calcium cations with morin were investigated to determine the preferential fixation site of the compound and also, to assess its complexation power with respect to other well-known flavonoids: quercetin and luteolin. The association of electronic spectroscopies, DFT and TD-DFT calculations is a robust method to elucidate the regio-selectivity of the reaction.Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are organic molecules constituted of several aromatic rings. It was highlighted that some of them exhibit a rare phenomenon, known as dual fluorescence. For the purpose of understanding the mechanism taking place when a compound possesses two emission bands, a study of the excited states was carried out theoretically using DFT and TD-DFT methods to determine any remarkable changes in the geometry of the selected PAHs. In addition, a sampling of the potential energy surfaces was done and energies were calculated with respect to different reaction coordinates to obtain a suitable description of the entanglement of the excited states. Eventually, it may enable us to explain the dual fluorescence of some PAHs
Sinibaldi, Marie-Eve. "Nouveaux intermediaires pour la synthese d'alcaloides pentacycliques : synthese totale de la desethyl-20 acetyl-20 aspidospermidine". Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988CLF21144.
Texto completoFichou, Swiecicka Joanna. "Synthèse de polymères à chaînes latérales perfluoroalkyles sulfonées pour la conception de membranes conductrices protoniques". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEI116/document.
Texto completoAs part of this work, the objective was to develop aromatic polymers with proton conduction properties. To achieve this, the sulfonic acid motifs were introduced along the macromolecular chains. The methodology of synthesis of these polymers was to polymerise the precursor containing in their structure a perfluoroalkyl sulfone moieties. Four novel precursors have been initially synthesized. Different aromatic polymers were prepared from these precursors by varying the rate of perfluoroalkyl sulfonated sequences. These polymers were then used in the form of dense membranes obtained by a casting process of evaporation. From these membranes, swelling studies in water and ionic conductivity were carried out
Colin, Jean-Luc. "Synthèse et étude d'hétérocycles à activité biologique potentielle : Dérivés d'éthers halométhyliques aromatiques et prodrogues de l'acide oxolinique". Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10157.
Texto completoHervé, Grégoire. "Progrès récents dans la chimie des molécules énergétiques : accès à de nouveaux hétérocycles azotés aromatiques très performants". Aix-Marseille 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX30031.
Texto completoThe purpose of this thesis work was to design and to prepare new stable, highly-energetic and insensitive (or low-sensitive at least) explosives by the means of economical and industrial synthetic pathways. The synthesis of certain aromatic energetic compounds prepared in this framework affords significant enhancement in terms of energetic and physical properties ensuring ease of utilization and handling of such new materials in respect with high energetic performance. Several explosives exhibit unprecedented properties and offer a remarkable performance/sensitivity balance. A novel fully C-nitrated aromatic explosive is presented here and has, by far, the most important thermal and chemical stability in these series versus all the known nitrocarbons (i. E. Hexanitrobenzene) and nitroazoles
Maurizot, Victor. "Hélices simples et hélices doubles d'oligoamides aromatiques de synthèse". Bordeaux 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR12707.
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