Tesis sobre el tema "Changements climatiques – Simulation par ordinateur"
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Quilcaille, Yann. "Retour sur les scénarios climatiques et d'émissions à l'aide d'un modèle compact du système Terre". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLV041.
Texto completoThis thesis puts into perspective different elements of socio-economic scenarios from a climate change modelling point of view. These elements contribute at improving the comprehension of the current state of climate sciences regarding the scenarios. In the meantime, these elements demonstrate the potential of the recent reduced-form Earth System Model OSCAR v2.2.The first element concerns the uncertainty of emissions. Although emission inventories are uncertain, we ignore what impact on climate change have these uncertainties. We quantify this impact for fossil-fuel emissions, the major contributor to climate change. We show that the uncertainties in emissions are expected to increase with the use of non-conventional fuels, but that they do not increase significantly the uncertainty from Earth system modelling in variables, such as the increase in global surface temperature.The second element is a climate assessment of the recent Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSP) scenarios. We identify loopholes in the SSP database, and we complete it to calculate the climate projections under these scenarios. Our conclusions suggest inconsistencies in CO2 emissions from Land Use Change (LUC) calculated by the Integrated Assessment Models and in the associated land variables. We identify trade-offs between greenhouse gases in the mitigation of climate change. Using a robust assessment, new carbon budgets are proposed. The uncertainties in increases in global surface temperature are discussed.The third element concerns the negative emissions. Most climate scenarios limiting global warming well below 2°C above preindustrial levels, thus respecting the Paris Agreement, use negative emissions. Using a developed version of OSCAR v2.2, we evaluate the implications for the Earth system of different aspects of different Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) technologies. We identify the reversibility in the different components of the Earth system and calculate the cooling potential of carbon dioxide removal technologies. We also show that the potential of afforestation/reforestation techniques may be impeded by the change in albedo, and that the potential of oceanic enhanced weathering may be lower than expected.Overall, this thesis identifies loopholes in the current development of scenarios. Some do not hinder current conclusions regarding climate change, such as the uncertainties in emission inventories. Others call for further analysis, such as the inconsistencies in the use of CO2 emissions from LUC or the eventual overestimation of the potential of some CDR technologies. It emphasizes the need for an urgent mitigation of climate change
Servonnat, Jérôme. "Variabilité climatique en Atlantique Nord au cours du dernier millénaire : evaluation de l'influence du forçage solaire avec le modèle IPSLCM4". Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010VERS0055.
Texto completoMy work during my PhD has been the evaluation of the influence of solar forcing on climate variability during the last millennium with the IPSLCM4_v2 coupled model. I achieved two numerical simulations of the climate of the last millennium for this purpose. The first one consists in a millennium-long control integration, and the second one (SGI) was forced by reconstructions of the Total Solar Irradiance, CO2 concentrations and orbital parameters during the last millennium. The main results of my thesis are : the forcings significantly affect the temperature variance for geographical extent wider than 5. 106km² (extent of Europe). This result brought the spatial framework for model-data comparisons. The simulated amplitude of the Northern Hemisphere temperature variability is in agreement with the temperature reconstructions. A mismatch has been evidenced between SGI and the reconstructions between 1000 and 1200 AD, during the so-called Medieval Warm Period. The study of the forcings signature in Europe has shown that solar forcing appears clearly in numerical simulations from the ANR ESCARSEL project, but it much weaker in the studied temperature reconstruction. The conclusion of my work is that the solar forcing used in the simulation does not allow explaining totally the secular temperature evolution between 1000 and 1850 AD, either on the Northern Hemisphere or in Europe
Chataigner, Yohann. "Modélisation du transfert thermique dans un remblai sur pergélisol et élaborations de stratégies pour faire face aux changements climatiques". Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25207/25207.pdf.
Texto completoVoldoire, Aurore. "Prise en compte des changements de végétation dans un scénario climatique du XXIème siècle". Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30024.
Texto completoThe main objective of this work has been to run a climate simulation of the 21st century that includes not only greenhouse gases and aerosols emitted by human activity but also land-use and land-cover changes. To achieve this goal, the integrated impact model IMAGE2. 2 (developed at RIVM, The Netherlands) was used, which simulates the evolution of greenhouse gases concentrations as well as land-cover changes. This model has been coupled to the general circulation model ARPEGE/OPA provided by the CNRM. Before coupling the models, sensitivity experiments with each model have been performed to test their respective sensitivity to the forcing of the other. Ultimately, a simulation with the two models coupled together has shown that interactions between climate and vegetation are not of primary importance for century scale studies
Feng, Yang. "Study of the climate variability and the role of volcanism in the North Atlantic-Mediterranean sector during the last millennium". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUS038.
Texto completoThe PhD work aims at studying the role of volcanism in influencing winter climate variability (especially, NAO) over the North Atlantic-Mediterranean sector at inter-annual scale. The first part is devoted to characterizing the simulated NAO signal in winters following stratospheric volcanic eruptions using three long transient simulations of the past millennium (500-1849 CE) by IPSL-CM6A-LR in the frame of PMIP4. The robustness and sensitivity of the response related to the latitude, season and strength of the eruptions are also explored. The second part extends further to decrypt the physical mechanism regarding different components of volcanic radiative forcing (the surface cooling and stratospheric warming). The work focuses on three 25-members ensemble simulations by IPSL-CM6A-LR following the VolMIP protocol for the well observed Mt. Pinatubo tropical eruption (Philippines, June 1991). Sensitivity experiments indicate that the surface positive NAO signature in our model experiments is primarily attributable to heating in the lower tropical stratosphere which generates stronger subtropical zonal winds through the thermal wind balance and accelerates the polar vortex. Stationary planetary wave propagations are also playing indispensable modulations effects
Quilcaille, Yann. "Retour sur les scénarios climatiques et d'émissions à l'aide d'un modèle compact du système Terre". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLV041/document.
Texto completoThis thesis puts into perspective different elements of socio-economic scenarios from a climate change modelling point of view. These elements contribute at improving the comprehension of the current state of climate sciences regarding the scenarios. In the meantime, these elements demonstrate the potential of the recent reduced-form Earth System Model OSCAR v2.2.The first element concerns the uncertainty of emissions. Although emission inventories are uncertain, we ignore what impact on climate change have these uncertainties. We quantify this impact for fossil-fuel emissions, the major contributor to climate change. We show that the uncertainties in emissions are expected to increase with the use of non-conventional fuels, but that they do not increase significantly the uncertainty from Earth system modelling in variables, such as the increase in global surface temperature.The second element is a climate assessment of the recent Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSP) scenarios. We identify loopholes in the SSP database, and we complete it to calculate the climate projections under these scenarios. Our conclusions suggest inconsistencies in CO2 emissions from Land Use Change (LUC) calculated by the Integrated Assessment Models and in the associated land variables. We identify trade-offs between greenhouse gases in the mitigation of climate change. Using a robust assessment, new carbon budgets are proposed. The uncertainties in increases in global surface temperature are discussed.The third element concerns the negative emissions. Most climate scenarios limiting global warming well below 2°C above preindustrial levels, thus respecting the Paris Agreement, use negative emissions. Using a developed version of OSCAR v2.2, we evaluate the implications for the Earth system of different aspects of different Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) technologies. We identify the reversibility in the different components of the Earth system and calculate the cooling potential of carbon dioxide removal technologies. We also show that the potential of afforestation/reforestation techniques may be impeded by the change in albedo, and that the potential of oceanic enhanced weathering may be lower than expected.Overall, this thesis identifies loopholes in the current development of scenarios. Some do not hinder current conclusions regarding climate change, such as the uncertainties in emission inventories. Others call for further analysis, such as the inconsistencies in the use of CO2 emissions from LUC or the eventual overestimation of the potential of some CDR technologies. It emphasizes the need for an urgent mitigation of climate change
Truong, Chi Quang. "Integrating cognitive models of human decision-making in agent-based models : an application to land use planning under climate change in the Mekong river delta". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066580.
Texto completoThe initial goal of this thesis has been then to address this problem by proposing, on one hand, a cognitive approach based on the Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) paradigm to represent the decision-making processes of human actors in agent-based models and, on the second hand, a validation of this approach in a complete land-use change model in which most of the factors cited above have also been simulated.The outcome of this work is a generic approach, which has been validated in a complex integrated land-use change model of a small region of the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. Our main contributions have been:The integration of the BDI architecture within an agent-based modeling platform (GAMA); The design of the Multi-Agent Based Land-Use Change (MAB-LUC) framework that can take into account the farmers’ decision-making in the land-use change processes;The proposal of a solution to assess the socio-economic and environmental factors in land-use planning and to integrate the MAB-LUC framework into the land-use planning process of. I conclude by showing that this work, designed in a generic fashion, can be reused and generalized for the modeling of complex socio-ecological systems where individual human factors need to be represented accurately
Guillemot, Hélène. "La modélisation du climat en France des années 1970 aux années 2000 : histoire, pratiques, enjeux politiques". Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0149.
Texto completoOur thesis relates to the history of climate modelling from the end of the nineteen sixties to the beginning of this century, focusing on the modelling practices in the two centres developing a climate model in France: the Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (LMD) from the CNRS (and the Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, a fédération of laboratories in and around Paris) and the national organism for vveather forecast, Météo-France. Starting with the first numerical climate models, we trace the évolution of modelling at LMD and Météo-France, and compare the institutions, the carecrs of the researchers and the very différent ways of working in thèse two organisms, determined by their institutional cultures. We describe several modelling practices, in particular the parametrization and validation of models by data, and we analyse the specificities of the scientific practices related to the use of computer. Returning to a critical transitional period in the history of modelling in France, the beginning of the nineties, whcn institutional and scientific reconfigurations allowed coupling of models and simulations of future climate, we analyse the way French modellers confronted the problem of climate change, especially the contribution to IPCC climate prévisions. Finally, we address the expansion of climate modelling to « Earth System », integrating other environments, cycles and interactions, and we discuss the mutations that thèse changes are generating in the working practices of modellisers
Chesnoiu, Gabriel. "Environnement solaire et pollutions atmosphériques particulaires en région Hauts-de-France : évolution récente et scénarios futurs". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ULILR061.
Texto completoThe solar radiation incident at the surface, primary source of energy for life on Earth and for photovoltaic resources, exhibits strong spatiotemporal variabilities, mainly due to the influence of atmospheric properties.The main objective of this thesis is to analyze the recent variability and future evolution of the solar environment in the Hauts-de-France region (HdF), which is characterized by a strong influence of cloudy conditions and significant levels of particulate pollution.We first use continuous coincident measurements of aerosol optical properties and incident solar radiation at the surface conducted in Lille between 2010 and 2022. The development of a classification of sunshine conditions into three categories (clear sky, cloudy sky with visible or non-visible sun) allows us to obtain solar environment climatologies for the different situations. Furthermore, the use of a multivariate decomposition based on radiative transfer simulations allows us to analyze the influence of cloud and atmospheric aerosol variability on the measured solar environment in Lille. Spring and summer, two key seasons in terms of solar resource, are marked by less cloudy conditions and high aerosol concentrations. In spring, the aerosol direct radiative effect is maximum, with an average reduction of the incident global irradiance of about -9 W/m² (-23 W/m² in the absence of clouds in the direction of the Sun). Aerosols significantly alter the partition between direct and diffuse solar radiation, increasing the proportion of diffuse irradiance by a factor of 2 on average under clear skies. In Lille, our analysis also highlights a trend over the study period of increasing global and direct solar flux (approximately +4 W/m²/year) for these two seasons, in connection with a decrease in the frequency of cloudy conditions.To spatially extend the study conducted in Lille to the entire HdF region and its surroundings, we use climate simulations from the ALADIN-Climat regional model, which includes the TACTIC aerosol scheme. Analysis of a first set of HINDCAST simulations for the period 2010-2020 shows satisfactory comparisons with flux and aerosol measurements from several sites in our study area. This approach also highlights maximum sunshine and global flux in spring and summer, especially in the southern part of the study region, the English Channel, and the North Sea, as well as particularly high levels of aerosols over the Benelux and the HdF region. Furthermore, the recent increasing trend of the global irradiance measured in Lille due to the decrease in the frequency of cloudy conditions is confirmed by ALADIN-Climat over a large part of the region. Finally, using three additional sets of ALADIN-Climat simulations in climate mode, we analyze the possible future evolution, in spring and summer, of the solar environment in 2050 and 2100 compared to the period 2005-2014 for two contrasting CMIP6 climate scenarios. For the relatively optimistic SSP1-1.9 scenario, ALADIN-Climat projects an increase in global flux in spring and summer in 2100, especially over England and the eastern part of the study area, in connection with a coincident decrease in cloud cover and aerosols. For the more pessimistic SSP3-7.0 scenario, ALADIN-Climat simulates, on the contrary, a significant decrease in global flux across the entire region for both seasons, in connection with an increase in aerosols and water vapor. In summer, ALADIN-Climat simulates a decrease in cloud cover that compensates for these initial effects, more so in 2050 than in 2100. In spring, the simulations project an increase in cloud cover, which amplifies the decrease in global flux as early as 2050
Boux, de Casson François. "Simulation dynamique de corps biologiques et changements de topologie interactifs". Phd thesis, Chambéry, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011630.
Texto completoSantini, Sébastien. "Flexibilité et changements topologiques de la protéine prion et du peptide β-amyloi͏̈de d'Alzheimer par simulations numériques". Aix-Marseille 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX11029.
Texto completoKalantari, Saman. "Introduction de fonctionnalités de changements d'états topologiques dans le formalisme de modélisation et de simulation CORDIS-ANIMA". Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENS004.
Texto completoL'auteur n'a pas fourni de résumé en anglais
Balandraud, Xavier. "Changement de phase et changements d'échelle dans les alliages à mémoire de forme". Montpellier 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON20013.
Texto completoCoron, Laurent. "Les modèles hydrologiques conceptuelssont-ils robustes face à un climat en évolution ? Diagnostic sur un échantillon de bassins versants français et australiens". Phd thesis, AgroParisTech, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00879090.
Texto completoCoron, Laurent. "Les modèles hydrologiques conceptuelssont-ils robustes face à un climat en évolution ? Diagnostic sur un échantillon de bassins versants français et australiens". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, AgroParisTech, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AGPT0030.
Texto completoHydrologists are asked to estimate the medium- and long-term evolutions of water resources. To answer these questions, they commonly use conceptual models. In addition, they are often required to provide an estimate of the uncertainties associated with model projections. This raises the question of the robustness of conceptual models, especially in the context of climate evolution. Indeed, using a model in conditions different from those of calibration is based on the hypothesis of parameter transferability, i.e. the possibility to use model parameters in conditions different from those used for the model set-up. We focus on this issue with the aim of answering the following questions:• What is the robustness level of conceptual hydrological models in the context of changing climatic conditions?• What are the causes for the lack of robustness, and are there ways to prevent it?We answer these questions by studying the performance of conceptual models through multiple tests of temporal transfer of their parameters. Results show the existence of correlations between the robustness problems and the difference in climate conditions between model calibration and validation periods. The analysis especially points out the situations of systematic bias correlated to differences in air temperature. However, results are heterogeneous in our catchment set, and climate variables or error type associated with the identified problems vary between catchments.The analysis of simulation biases on catchments where the models are not robust shows alternating phases of flow under- or overestimation, with a possible bias in the mean flow up to 20% over a ten-year period.Our work reveals that very similar results can be obtained for various periods or calibration methods. The robustness issues faced by conceptual models used in this study do not solely stem from inadequate calibrations leading to the selection of parameters unable reproduce the catchment behavior. They seem to be the consequence of overall difficulties for models to satisfactorily simulate water balances simultaneously on various periods.This work opens reflections on the limited capacity of some hydrological models to reproduce low-frequency dynamics and raises questions on the role of inputs estimates errors in model failures, especially the temporal variations of evapotranspiration
Biaou, Angelbert. "De la méso-échelle à la micro-échelle : désagrégation spatio-temporelle multifractale des précipitations". Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2004. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001573.
Texto completoTendil, Anthony. "Contrôles tectoniques, climatiques et paléogéographiques sur l'architecture stratigraphique de la plateforme carbonatée urgonienne provençale (France) : approches sédimentologiques, géochimiques et numériques intégrées". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0230.
Texto completoThe analysis of carbonate systems is at the heart of major economic and societal challenges, especially in the energy field since they represent significant oil and gas reserves. The present thesis focuses on the Urgonian Provence platform (upper Barremian–lower Aptian interval) which is considered as a valid outcrop analogue of middle East carbonate reservoirs. About thirty stratigraphic sections, including newly acquired cores, are considered throughout the Provence domain. The recognition of biostratigraphically constrained exposure and drowning surfaces enables us to restore the regional palaeogeographic evolution along with the stratigraphic architecture. Several phases of platform progradation toward the adjacent basins, interrupted by episodes of changes in carbonate production, are identified in Provence. A comparable stratigraphic scenario is proposed for the peri-Vocontian Urgonian platforms. In Provence, the reservoir compartmentalisation of the Urgonian platform is mainly controlled by the sequence stratigraphic context that induced a distinction between early cemented carbonates and those preserving part of their original porosity. The geological rules provided in this study 1) are implemented into a 3-D numerical model intended for fluid-flow simulations at the scale of the Fontaine-de-Vaucluse karstic aquifer, whose karst spring is the fifth largest in the world, and 2) help in predicting the sedimentary and petrophysical heterogeneities of carbonate systems
Truong, Chi Quang. "Integrating cognitive models of human decision-making in agent-based models : an application to land use planning under climate change in the Mekong river delta". Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066580/document.
Texto completoThe initial goal of this thesis has been then to address this problem by proposing, on one hand, a cognitive approach based on the Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) paradigm to represent the decision-making processes of human actors in agent-based models and, on the second hand, a validation of this approach in a complete land-use change model in which most of the factors cited above have also been simulated.The outcome of this work is a generic approach, which has been validated in a complex integrated land-use change model of a small region of the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. Our main contributions have been:The integration of the BDI architecture within an agent-based modeling platform (GAMA); The design of the Multi-Agent Based Land-Use Change (MAB-LUC) framework that can take into account the farmers’ decision-making in the land-use change processes;The proposal of a solution to assess the socio-economic and environmental factors in land-use planning and to integrate the MAB-LUC framework into the land-use planning process of. I conclude by showing that this work, designed in a generic fashion, can be reused and generalized for the modeling of complex socio-ecological systems where individual human factors need to be represented accurately
De, Santiago Gonzalez InakiCamus. "L'impact des tempêtes sur les plages de poche aménagée". Thesis, Pau, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PAUU3051/document.
Texto completoThe aim of this study is to understand the response of engineered pocket beaches to storms. To that end, a series of video images, field topographical measurements and depth-averaged (2DH) process-based model have been used. The beach of Zarautz was chosen as a study site due to its wave climate characteristics and beach configuration. It is an embayed beach composed by two well defined regions, a dune system and an engineered section. The offshore wave climate is characterised by a low directional variability. The 95 % of the cases ranges from W to N directions. The high energetic events are seasonally variable. Most of the storms take place during winter and autumn. The wave climate at the beach of Zarautz is almost unidirectional and it presents certain alongshore variability. The temporal and spatial variability of nearshore sandbars, using daily video observations over 2 years was carried out. In general the beach acts as an open beach like circulatory system but it may present cellular and transitional circulation during high energy events. The nearshore sandbars evolution covers a wide range of temporal and spatial variability. Interestingly, the western engineered and more sheltered section of the beach sometimes exhibits a different beach state to that of the eastern section. To study the response of the beach to high energy events, systemically designed topographic surveys were undertaken before and after storm events. The location of the rip currents seems to play a role on the beach erosion. Static and persistent rips during moderate high energy conditions may erode locally the beach intertidal zone. During high energetic conditions and spring tides the beach backshore and dune area is eroded. Dune and backshore sections become important as they act as a buffer, preventing the foreshore erosion. On other hand, during high energetic conditions coinciding with neap tides, the evolution of the foreshore, backshore and dunes might be sensitive to the wave characteristics rather than to the tidal range. The findings obtained from the video images and field measurements were completed by means of the XBeach process based model. Due to the lack of a pre-storm bathymetry the XBeach-Beach Wizard model was used in order to infer the surfzone features. The possibility to force the model with non-uniform alongshore wave conditions was implemented. Results show that this new implementation improves the model skills. The XBeach calibration tests reveal that the results can vary considerably depending on the set of parameters chosen to run the model. Parameters such as short wave run-up, γ, γua, eps and hmin seem to be relevant for the model calibration. A series of storm impact simulations were performed. A chain transport mechanism was found in which the sand is transported from the dunes to the intertidal zone, and never in the other way around. The erosion of the different sections of the beach is highly related to the tidal level rather that to the wave power. The main differences in the beach response between the natural and engineered sections are related to the sand budget. The complete loss of the backshore sand makes the intertidal zone weak to the storms (the chain transport is interrupted). This scenario is only likely to happen at the engineered sector due to the narrow backshore and the absence of a dune system. Some tests were performed in order to relate the 'storm magnitude' to a certain value of beach erosion. These findings point out that, in general, the higher the storm power is, the larger is the beach erosion. However, the wave characteristics that define a given storm play an important role. Furthermore, in some cases a low power storm with high Hs and Tp can produce larger changes on the beach than a large storm with low Hs and Tp
Gential, Luc. "Modélisation du bilan de masse en surface de la calotte glaciaire antarctique". Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE10092.
Texto completoThe Antarctic ice sheet surface mass balance (SMB, snow accumulation minus ablation) is sensitive to climate parameters and directly contributes to global mean sea level variations. Therefore, in the perspective of climate change, it is useful to develop tools that can simulate the physical processes involved in the Antarctic surface mass balance. The approach developed in this thesis consists in using a cascade of atmospheric models from large scale to local scale. Thus, a regional climate model (Modèle atmosphérique régional, hereinafter referred to as MAR), forced by European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis, provides a diagnostic physical-based rain- and snowfall disaggregation model with meteorological fields at the regional scale (typically 40-km resolution). In a first part, it is shown that the SMB calculated by MAR is in good agreement with observations in most regions. Nonetheless, runoff appears to be overestimated; the problem vanishes when introducing a dependency of albedo with solar zenithal distance. In a second part, it is shown that although the parameterizations invoked in the disaggregation model are fairly simple, the knowledge of small-scale topography (5-km resolution) is efficiently used to improve the spatial variability of precipitation - and therefore SMB - over coastal regions of Antarctica. Model validation is carried out with the help of snow height measurements provided by automatic weather stations. Over the coastal place of Law Dome, the net accumulation gradient is mostly due to orographic forcing of precipitation (rather than blowing snow). The disaggregation model dramatically underestimates precipitation over the Antarctic Plateau, where polar stratospheric clouds associated with radiative cooling could play a role in the formation of precipitation during the polar night
Guy, Bernard. "Contribution à l'étude des skarns de Costabonne (Pyrénées orientales, France) et à la théorie de la zonation métasomatique". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 1988. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00594768.
Texto completoLawrence, Heather. "MODÉLISATION DE L'EFFET DE LA RUGOSITÉ DE SURFACE ET DE LA LITIÈRE DES COUVERTS NATURELS SUR LES OBSERVATIONS MICRO-ONDES PASSIVES - APPLICATION AU SUIVI GLOBAL DE L'HUMIDITÉ DU SOL PAR LA MISSION SMOS". Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01024075.
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