Tesis sobre el tema "Changement de distribution des données"
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Jaffré, Mikaël. "Migration des oiseaux et changement climatique : analyse des données de migration active en France et en Europe". Thesis, Lille 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL10176.
Texto completoIn recent years, a number of studies have highlighted that the life cycle and behaviour of organisms are changing as a result of global warming. Birds appear to be suitable models to detect these changes because this taxonomic group is particularly well documented, with a large amount of biological datasets available over long periods. Among them, those collected at migration watchsites are particularly valuable to detect long term phenological changes and population trends of migratory birds, but these data have been poorly considered so far. In this thesis, an exhaustive inventory of monitoring watchsites in France is first performed; we then determined the minimum requirements to use such heterogeneous datasets in order to reliably estimate changes in bird phenology and population. We showed that short-distance migrants have lengthened their breeding area residence time and have shortened their migration distances. It suggests that these birds may become resident close to their breeding sites. In addition, we demonstrated that these changes in migratory behaviour do not always occur linearly or gradually, but often abruptly, suddenly, and in a synchronous way (e.g. circa 1995). Such changes are both the cause and the consequence of a dynamical reorganization of ecosystems identified through food webs, indicating a large-scale response of ecosystems to climate change
Bertelsmeier, Cleo. "Biologie des invasions de fourmis dans un contexte de changement climatique". Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA112358/document.
Texto completoClimate change and biological invasions are both among the greatest threats to biodiversity and their impacts might increase by the end of the century. Among invasive species, ants are a prominent group due to their negative impacts on native species, ecosystem processes, human and animal health, agro-ecosystems and the economy. The objective of this thesis was to forecast future ant invasions – especially in the light of on-going climate change, which is generally thought to favour invasive species by removing thermal barriers. I used three complementary approaches to study the potential of different ant species to invade in the future: species distribution modelling, behavioural experiments and the analysis of a database of ecological traits. I modelled suitable area for 15 of the worst invasive ant species, both currently and with predicted climate change, globally, regionally and within the world’s 34 biodiversity hotspots. Surprisingly, the potential distribution of only five species was predicted to increase (up to 35.8%) with climate change, with most declining by up to 63.3%. The ant invasion hotspots are predominantly in tropical and subtropical regions of South America, Africa, Asia and Oceanic islands, and particularly correspond with biodiversity hotspots. Contrary to general expectations, climate change and biological invasions will not systematically act synergistically for ants. In addition, I found that the impacts of climate change can change over time and even reverse the trend of the impact (i.e., an increase instead of a decrease or vice versa). However, ant invasions will likely remain as a major global problem, especially where invasion hotspots coincide with biodiversity hotspots. The species distribution models have identified large potentially overlapping distributions of several invasive ants. In the future, these species may arrive simultaneously in the same regions and compete with each other. In a series of experiments, I tested behavioural differences among 7 highly invasive ant species (Anoplolepis gracilipes, Paratrechina longicornis, Myrmica rubra, Linepithema humile, Lasius neglectus, Wasmannia auropunctata and Pheidole megacephala). I discovered two different behavioural strategies among invasive ants. Interactions at the colony level, exhibited more complex demographic processes and more variability. Further, I investigated resource competition and differences in resource exploitation. I found significant differences among species, with competitive abilities that were negatively correlated with behavioural dominance. This series of experiments suggests that the ‘mechanisms’ of invasiveness are more complex than previously thought and that different invasive ant species may use different behavioural strategies. Since there are more than 250 exotic species of ants, it would be interesting to identify potential future invaders. In order to identify traits associated with invasiveness in ants, I set up a database with 2193 ant species and 24 ecological characteristics. I performed a preliminary analysis of trait differences between native and invasive ants that shows clearly different clusters of invasive and native species, with exotic species in between. These results could be used as a basis to construct a predictive model of future ant invasions. The different methods used (models, experiments, database) are complementary in that they explore different aspects of the future ant invasions which are likely to be influenced by on-going climate change. The worst invaders of tomorrow may not be the same as today and similarly, areas most at risk are likely to change
Alglave, Baptiste. "Inférer la distribution spatio-temporelle des espèces d’intérêt halieutique et identifier leurs habitats essentiels : modéliser l’échantillonnage préférentiel et le changement de support pour intégrer des sources de données hétérogènes". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022NSARH117.
Texto completoMapping fish distribution and identifying fish essential habitats grounds is key to ensure species renewal and manage the marine space. Information on the location of fish essential habitats and specifically of fish spawning grounds is still lacking for many harvested species.The reference data to map fish distribution and identify spawning grounds are scientific survey data. These data benefit from a standardized sampling protocol. However, due to their costs, they also generally suffer from a low sampling density in space and time. In particular, they generally occur once or twice a year and they may mismatch fish reproduction.Commercial declarations combined with Vessel Monitoring System data could prove highly valuable to complement the information brought by scientific survey data as fishermen landings provide information on the full year with a much denser sampling density. In this PhD, we developed an integrated statistical framework that allows to combine commercial and scientific data sources to infer fish distribution in space and time. Our approach accounts for fishermen targeting behavior towards areas of higher biomass (preferential sampling) and allows to infer fine scale species distribution based on spatially aggregated declarations data (change of support). We demonstrate the ability of the framework to produce monthly maps of fish distribution and to identify aggregation areas during reproduction season. We also outline the potential applications of the framework for Marine Spatial Planning and discuss several extensions that could be added to the actual model
Charru, Marie. "LA PRODUCTIVITÉ FORESTIÈRE DANS UN ENVIRONNEMENT CHANGEANT : CARACTÉRISATION MULTI-ÉCHELLE DE SES VARIATIONS RÉCENTES À PARTIR DES DONNÉES DE L’INVENTAIRE FORESTIER NATIONAL (IFN) ET INTERPRÉTATION ENVIRONNEMENTALE". Thesis, Paris, AgroParisTech, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AGPT0027/document.
Texto completoGrowth trends have been reported in many regions of Europe over the twentieth century. However, an integrated assessment of productivity changes, including focus on a wide geographical scale, analysis of spatial heterogeneity, and the inter-specific diversity of growth responses is still lacking. The aim of this Ph.D work was to assess recent changes in forest productivity on a national, regional and local scale in France, and to investigate their potential environmental causes, based on statistical modeling approaches of stand basal area increment (BAI), and environmental indicators. We used the French NFI data for 8 species of contrasted ecological niches and distributions (Fagus sylvatica, Quercus robur, Quercus petraea, Quercus pubescens, Picea abies, Abies alba, Pinus sylvestris and Pinus halepensis), taken in pure and even-aged stands. We identified the main factors influencing tree species productivity on a national scale, and produced productivity maps suggesting that species distribution ranges are not always limited by environmental conditions. Between 1980 and 2005, the productivity trends reported were positive, modal or non-significant for all species, except the two Mediterranean species for which productivity decreased, highlighting inter-specific differences in these changes. We observed strong variations of productivity changes, both in intensity and sign, on a regional and intra-regional scale. These results question the relevance of wide-scale average assessments and highlight their context-dependence. The role of recent climatic warming in featuring the BAI trends was highlighted. This work provides an enriched scale- and species-dependent assessment of tree species reaction to a changing environment. We emphasized the species- and context dependence of productivity changes, due to differences in species autecology and spatial variations in the limiting factors. Further focus on the effect of environmental factors and their complex interactions is needed for the prediction of species future productivity
Dadalto, Câmara Gomes Eduardo. "Improving artificial intelligence reliability through out-of-distribution and misclassification detection". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASG018.
Texto completoThis thesis explores the intersection of machine learning (ML) and safety, aiming to address challenges associated with the deployment of intelligent systems in real-world scenarios. Despite significant progress in ML, concerns related to privacy, fairness, and trustworthiness have emerged, prompting the need for enhancing the reliability of AI systems. The central focus of the thesis is to enable ML algorithms to detect deviations from normal behavior, thereby contributing to the overall safety of intelligent systems.The thesis begins by establishing the foundational concepts of out-of-distribution (OOD) detection and misclassification detection in Chapter 1, providing essential background literature and explaining key principles. The introduction emphasizes the importance of addressing issues related to unintended and harmful behavior in ML, particularly when AI systems produce unexpected outcomes due to various factors such as mismatches in data distributions.In Chapter 2, the thesis introduces a novel OOD detection method based on the Fisher-Rao geodesic distance between probability distributions. This approach unifies the formulation of detection scores for both network logits and feature spaces, contributing to improved robustness and reliability in identifying samples outside the training distribution.Chapter 3 presents an unsupervised OOD detection method that analyzes neural trajectories without requiring supervision or hyperparameter tuning. This method aims to identify atypical sample trajectories through various layers, enhancing the adaptability of ML models to diverse scenarios.Chapter 4 focuses on consolidating and enhancing OOD detection by combining multiple detectors effectively. It presents a universal method for ensembling existing detectors, transforming the problem into a multi-variate hypothesis test and leveraging meta-analysis tools. This approach improves data shift detection, making it a valuable tool for real-time model performance monitoring in dynamic and evolving environments.In Chapter 5, the thesis addresses misclassification detection and uncertainty estimation through a data-driven approach, introducing a practical closed-form solution. The method quantifies uncertainty relative to an observer, distinguishing between confident and uncertain predictions even in the face of challenging or unfamiliar data. This contributes to a more nuanced understanding of the model's confidence and helps flag predictions requiring human intervention.The thesis concludes by discussing future perspectives and directions for improving safety in ML and AI, emphasizing the ongoing evolution of AI systems towards greater transparency, robustness, and trustworthiness. The collective work presented in the thesis represents a significant step forward in advancing AI safety, contributing to the development of more reliable and trustworthy machine learning models that can operate effectively in diverse and dynamic real-world scenarios
Saby, Nicolas. "Distribution à l'échelle nationale des charactéristiques des sols et détection des changements. : Apport des bases de données géographiques, des techniques d’analyse spatiale et de la modélisation". Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NSARB026.
Texto completoThe aim of this work is to assess the potential of spatial databases to monitor soil quality at a national level. Data were collected in the framework of French National Programmes. To adress this issue we show that the spatio-temporal statistical analyses must be adapted to the sampling design and to the nature of the information studied. Among the set of the possible soil variables, this work focused on some of those having a high environmental impact : the organic carbon content and the content of same trace elements. Our results show the possiblity to map soil properties at national scale, to reveal strong spatial structures and, to attribute them to different natural and artifcial processes. Large temporal trends could also be detected and explained. I discuss the limitation of the present designs and of the statistical analyses we conducted and i propose further research developpements for monitoring of soil quality
Girardeau-Montaut, Daniel. "Détection de changement sur des données géométriques tridimensionnelles". Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2006. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001745.
Texto completoGoyette, Nil. "Banque de données et banc d'essai en détection de changement". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6584.
Texto completoFonlupt, Cyrille. "Distribution dynamique de données sur machine SIMD". Lille 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIL10155.
Texto completoBen, Salem Mélika. "Changement structurel et croissance : essai d'économétrie comparative sur données françaises et américaines". Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010078.
Texto completoThis dissertation analyses the empirical implications of growth models, a la Solow-Swan (1956) and Romer (1986,1990). According to the nature of the shocks affecting the economy and the nature of growth (exogenous or endogenous), the macroeconomic variables are characterized by particular statistical properties of persistence, that may originate from a common source. These statistical properties are tested in the framework of new time series methods, in order to reveal the propagation mechanisms of growth from data. Thus the stability of trend component in output, capital and hours worked, as well as the constancy of connections between production and its usual inputs, is studied in french and american data, with annual observations during the period 1870-1994, and at a quarterly rate with postwar observations
Pazat, Jean-Louis. "Génération de code réparti par distribution de données". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Rennes 1, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00170867.
Texto completoJaara, Kusay. "Prise en compte des dépendances entre données thématiques utilisateur et données topographiques lors d’un changement de niveau de détail". Thesis, Paris Est, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PEST1013/document.
Texto completoWith the large availability of reference topographic data, creating geographic data is not exclusive to experts of geographic information any more. More and more users rely on reference data to create their own data, hereafter called thematic data. Reference data then play the role of support for thematic data. Thematic data make sense by themselves, but even more by their relations with topographic data. Not taking into account the relations between thematic and topographic data during processes that modify the former or the latter may cause inconsistencies, especially for processes that are related to changing the level of detail. The objective of this thesis is to define a methodology to preserve the consistency between thematic and topographic when the level of detail is modified. This thesis focuses on the adaptation of thematic data after a modification of topographic data: we call this process thematic data migration. We first propose a model for the migration of punctual thematic data hosted by a network. This model is composed of: (1) a model to describe the referencing of thematic data on topographic data using spatial relations (2) a method to re-locate thematic data based on these relations. The approach consists in identifying the expected final relations according to the initial relations and the modifications of topographic data between the initial and the final state. The thematic data are then re-located using a multi-criteria method in order to satisfy, as much as possible, the expected relations. An implementation is presented on toy problems and on a real use case provided by a French public authority in charge of road network management. The extension of the proposed model to take into account the relations for other applications than thematic data migration is also discussed
David, Bogdan-Simion. "Les données climatiques instrumentales de Roumanie sont-elles susceptibles d'identifier un changement climatique ?" Strasbourg, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010STRA5004.
Texto completoDoukari, Omar. "Changement de croyances local et application à l'information spatiale". Aix-Marseille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX11002.
Texto completoWhen facing uncertain, incomplete and inaccurate information, we need a belief change operation in order to manage the belief evolution in presence of new information. The problem of belief change, in general, is known as a NP-difficult one, and there does not exist an efficient algorithm that can process huge amount of data. To circumvent this problem, we are interested in local belief change operations, namely local belief revision, local belief contraction, and local belief expansion operations. A new model -the C-structure model- for belief representation and local belief revision is proposed. A C-structure represents a thematic view of the overall knowledge of an agent with a good understanding of the interactions between topics. Hence, it provides the agent with an extra-structure, which helps circumscribing the relevant part of beliefs during a revision operation. Then, four local belief change operators are defined, based on the C-structure model : one for local expansion, one for local contraction, and two for local belief revision, internal and external ones. The contraction and revision operators are proved sound and complete by comparing them to traditional non local belief change operators. Local belief revision based on the C-structure model is characterized semantically ; first, in the special case of fully overlapping theories, then in the general case of arbitrary theories. Finally, the spatial information is considered : it provides an interesting application to the C-structure model and the associated revision operations. A new model -the G-structure model- is defined. Then, a new local belief revision approach, based on the G-structure model, is proposed and compared to the REM approach which is based on the Reiter algorithm for diagnosis
Courtois, Isabelle. "Les agents de maîtrise de la poste entre changement prescrit et changement réel : le cas de l'univers de la distribution du courrier". Paris 10, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA100093.
Texto completoThis dissertation analyzes the effect of the 1990 reform of the french post office on foremen's environment, position and behavior. It focuses on the gap between official and real changes. The research included observations and on-site interviews at four post-offices and at the headquarters. It was performed as a joint project between an academic laboratory and an inhouse post office research department
Marchi, Jerusa. "Opérateurs syntaxiques pour le changement de croyances basés sur la représentation en formes normales premières". Toulouse 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU10044.
Texto completoStudying Belief change mainly consists of the elaboration of methods which allow to incorporate new information in a belief set. The aim of these methods is to ensure that the resulting belief is consistent and that the initial belief set has changed in a minimal way. Formally, the notion of minimal change is represented by a closeness criterion based on distance between the models of the belief sets. This criterion is widely use in the Belief Revision and Belief Update areas. In this work we present a syntactic version of the Dalal, Winslett and Forbus beleif change operators. The proposed operators are based on a specific representation of belief set. Namely beliefs has to be represented using Prime Implicants and Prime Implicates notation. In this work, we show that we can express Dalal, Winslett and Forbus methods in a syntactic way. In this work, we also proposed two new syntactic belief change operators which are based on a new definition of minimal change. This new notion of minimal change is based on of an "holographic"relation between the two representations : the prime implicants and the prime implicates. We associate to each literal that appear in the prime implicates the set of prime implicated in which they also appear. This representation allows to rephrase the notion of minimal change in terms of propositional symbols and their use. We show that this new minimal unit of change leads to more relevant change in belief sets than the Dalal distance
Champion, Nicolas. "Détection de changement 2D à partir d'imagerie satellitaire : Application à la mise à jour des bases de données géographiques". Paris 5, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA05S005.
Texto completoIn the past few years, 2D topographic databases have been completed in most industrialised countries. Most efforts in National Mapping Agencies are now devoted to the update of such databases. Because it is generally carried out manually, by visual inspection of orthophotos, the updating process is time-consuming and expensive. As a consequence, there is a growing need to automate it i. E. To develop semi-automatic tools that are able to detect the changes in a database from recent remotely-sensed data and to present them to a human operator for verification. In this PhD work, we tackle the particular issue of detecting changes in a 2D building database starting from more recent satellite (Pleiades-HR) images. In addition to input multiscopic satellite images, our method is based on a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and a Digital Terrain Model (DTM). The workflow is divided into 2 steps: the verification of the database (Step I) and the detection of new buildings (Step II). The first step is based on robust primitives, correponding to an nDEM (defined as the difference between the DEM and the DTM) or correponding to 2D and 3D linear primitives, extracted from input DEM and satellite images. Two dissimilarity scores (the first score is related to the nDEM; the second one to linear primitives) are then computed and assigned to each building. In the end, the a contrario paradigm is used to detect unchanged buildings: the buildings to be considered changed are inferred from this first set by taking its complementary in the database. Similary to the other methods based on the idea that new buidings correspond to above-ground objects that neither correspond to a building (already described in the database) nor a tree (described in the vegetation mask). This detection is carried out by performing a morphological comparison between the above-ground mask, derived from the nDEM and an initial above-ground mask, derived from the partially updated (Step I) vector database and a vegetation mask, derived from input images. The method was applied to many test areas, very different regarding land use and topography. It was also assessed through the evaluation criteria, introduced and justified during the PhD work. Eventually, sensitivity studies were carried out and highlight the limiting factors to be considered in the future in order to build an operational system for change detection and map updating
Gaudin, François. "Effets du changement climatique sur la distribution de la macrofaune benthique en Manche". Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066182/document.
Texto completoIn the North-East Atlantic, the English Channel constitutes a biogeographical transition zone between the Boreal and Lusitanian provinces. Thus, many species reach there their distribution range limits. The aim of this thesis is to assess the effects of recent climate change on the distribution of the subtidal benthic macrofauna, poorly studied to date, basing on the comparison of data collected during a cool period (i.e. 1960s-70s) and during a warm period (i.e. 2012 and 2014) in the circalittoral coarse sediments. Two large communities were highlighted in the study of the structure of the assemblages found in this habitat: the gravelly coarse sand community and the pebbles and gravels community. The analysis of the evolution of seabed temperature for the last 30 years showed the spatial heterogeneity of the warming, varying from 0.1 to 0.5°C per decade from West to East. This warming did not translate into large species distribution shifts but into a sharp decrease in the number of occurrences of cold-water species and a sharp increase in the number of occurrences of warm-water species. Development of species distribution models allowed to identify the relative importance of climatic and edaphic factors in the distribution of benthic invertebrates in the Channel and to assess the species’ ability to adjust their distribution to the rise in temperature. The whole results suggest that ongoing climate change could lead to a decrease in benthic biodiversity at range limits, especially where connection routes are lacking for new migrants
Platonoff, Alexis. "Contribution à la distribution automatique des données pour machines massivement parallèles". Paris 6, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA066825.
Texto completoSchaaf, Thomas. "Couplage inversion et changement d'échelle pour l'intégration des données dynamiques dans les modèles de réservoirs pétroliers". Paris 9, 2003. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2003PA090046.
Texto completoGabriel, Edith. "Détection de zones de changement abrupt dans des données spatiales et application à l'agriculture de précision". Montpellier 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON20107.
Texto completoCabon, Yann. "Modélisation statistique des données d'imagerie médicale : application dans l'asthme". Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTS014/document.
Texto completoThis thesis presents a solution for comparing and identifying air trapping profiles among asthmatic patients. Asthma is defined as a narrowing of the airways following irritation. The mechanical reactions associated with irritation affect the expiratory flow by reducing the bronchial lumen, and thus causing exacerbation. This air flow reduction leads to the non-evacuation of air from certain regions of the lung upon expiration, a phenomenon named air trapping. Though triggers are well known, the mechanisms underlying the irritation are complex and poorly understood, the lung being a complex internal organ. This work is primarily intended to detect and describe different trapping profiles which correspond to specific sensitivities of the bronchial tree between patients. We also sought to associate a clinical data with trapping profiles. This work is based on data from patient scans collected during a bronchial reactivity test designed to capture the evolution of airway obstruction. The statistical models consists of comparing trapping profiles in a standardized way. Such profiles are derived by isolating pulmonary parenchyma on CT images, then generating a data space with mathematical properties enabling analysis. In this space, trapping profiles are characterized by the distribution of their nearest neighbors. This makes it possible to obtain for each image a local representation of the trapping distribution. The estimator of this distribution is standardized by a theoretical uniform distribution, which further renders between-patient comparisons possible. Finally, a B-spline classification of standardized distribution profiles using Ward's unsupervised method was performed. These grouped profiles were then compared to clinical observations
Quaas, Johannes. "L'effet indirect des aérosols : paramétrisation dans des modèles de grande échelle et évaluation des données satellitales". Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EPXX0046.
Texto completoAbecassis, Eric. "Yooda : un système de gestion de base de données orienté objet adapté à la distribution". Paris 6, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA066819.
Texto completoAné, Thierry. "Changement de temps, processus subordonnés et volatilité stochastique : une approche financière sur des données à haute fréquence". Paris 9, 1997. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1997PA090027.
Texto completoThe goal of this thesis is to validate mathematically the brilliant conjecture by Clark (1973) who chose the volume as the subordinating process t defining the economic time in which asset prices should be observed. Along the lines of the recent microstructure literature and using the tick by tick data, we show, in agreement with the recent empirical results by Jones, Kaul and Lipson (1994), that it is in fact the number of trades which defines the economic time. We prove that without any assumption on the distribution of the stochastic time t we recover normality for asset price returns when using the number of trades as the "stochastic clock". We extract from a tick by tick data base the empirical distribution of asset returns and use a parametric estimation procedure to compute the moments of the unknown distribution of the subordinator t. The moments of t coincide with the corresponding moments of the number of trades. Lastly, we explain how the issue of stochastic volatility can be embedded in the general framework of stochastic time changes and what it implies for option pricing and hedging. The effectiveness of implied versus historical volatility in forecasting the future volatility has recently been, with good reasons, the subject of scrutiny both among academics and practitioners. It is common practice to use implied volatility as the market's forecast of future volatility. S&P 500 options and futures prices are used to show that implied volatility is a poor forecast of the realized volatility. The use of subordinated processes can help to construct a good forecast of the realized volatility. Moreover, our time change as well as our volatility forecast highlights the role of the rate of information arrival proxied by the number of trades
Gueye, Ndeye. "Une démarche de gestion stratégique et opérationnelle du changement dans le contexte de l'exploitation avancée de données massives internes aux organisations". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/30367.
Texto completoBlanc, Philippe. "Développement de méthodes pour la détection de changement". Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00477115.
Texto completoIdir, Lilia. "Dissémination de données dans les réseaux véhiculaires". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCB157.
Texto completoThe number of vehicles on the roads in the world increased from 500 million in 1986 to 1 billion vehicles in 2010. Such a huge road network has brought some comfort to many drivers but on the other hand it represented around 1.24 million accidents in 2010. With the progress and development of wireless technologies these recent years, vehicular networks quickly evolved. Many car manufacturers and countries have built and imagined different applications in vehicular networks: road safety applications, others for traffic information, and entertainment applications. This last category of applications is distinguished from others by the quantity and volume of exchanged data, and represents a real problem due to the lossy nature of vehicular communications. In this thesis, we address the problem of data dissemination in distributed vehicular systems. Our main objective is to provide practical and workable solutions to disseminate data in realistic vehicular environments. The concept of data dissemination is large and significant. In this context, we call data dissemination each time there is a certain amount of data which must be distributed on in wireless network. The data is sent to multiple destinations who are interested to recover all or part of the information. As examples, we can consider the file sharing applications, streaming multimedia files and so on. We discuss in this thesis the data dissemination problem in vehicular networks, specifically the dissemination of large volumes of data such as content distribution. With the evolution in recent years of vehicular networks thanks to many car manufacturers support (eg Toyota, Nissan, BMW, Ford, etc.), the amount of exchanged data has increased exponentially over the years. Unfortunately, despite the advancement of wireless communications technologies, exchange large volumes of data in vehicular networks remains a challenge because of wireless communications features and those specific to vehicular networks
De, Almeida da Dutra Pedro Paulo. "Réflexions sur le contrôle des entreprises publiques, à partir des données du droit brésilien : une proposition de changement". Paris 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA020126.
Texto completoA new point of view of the notion of control results by assining new weights to the elements which integrate the notion. A control operation is composed by a model, some parameters and a verification action. If one of these elements is missing, the operation is not carried out. This idea lead our study, we propose that public corporations in brasil can apply the suggested control operation
Harrar, Fatna. "La coopération verticale : le cas de l'internationalisation de la grande distribution". Nice, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NICE0045.
Texto completoThe internationalisation leads marketing channel actors to adopt a specific organisational behaviour. This thesis explores retailing internationalisation. The main theme is vertical co-operation. The purpose is to explain a vertical co-operative relation within the context of channel internationalisation by focusing on the retailer. The objective is to try crossing existing knowledge about co-operation, internationalisation and marketing channel to complete researches in retailing internationalisation. This work is articulated around three main axes : economic, strategic and organisational. .
Savonnet, Marinette. "Fragmentation et distribution de classes d'objets dans les bases de données orientées objets". Dijon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996DIJOS003.
Texto completoRamdane, Yassine. "Big Data Warehouse : model de distribution des cubes de données à la volée". Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2099.
Texto completoPartitioning and distributing of the data have been widely used in sharing nothing systems, more particularly in the distributed systems that used the MapReduce paradigm, such as Hadoop ecosystem and Spark. They have been used for many purposes, such as load balancing, skipping to load unnecessary data partitions and for guiding the physical design ofdistributed databases or data warehouses. To do analysis with data warehouses, usually, we used OLAP queries. An OLAP query is a complex query that contains several cost operations, such as the star join, the projection, filtering, and aggregate functions. In this thesis, we propose different static and dynamic approaches of partitioning and load balancing of the data, to improve the performances of distributed big data warehouses over Hadoop cluster. We have proposed different static and dynamic schemes of a big data warehouse over a cluster of homogeneous nodes, which can help the distributed system to enhance the executing time of OLAP query operations, such as star join operation, scanning tables, and Group-By operation.We have proposed four approaches: The first approach, is a new data placement strategy which able to help a query processing system to perform a star join operation in only one MapReduce cycle, without a shuffle phase; In the second contribution, we propose different partitioning and bucketing techniques to skip loading some HDFS blocks and to enhance the parallel treatment of the distributed system, based on a workload-driven model; In the third approach, we propose a novel physical design of distributed big data warehouse over Hadoop cluster, such as we combine between our first data-driven approach and the second workloaddriven solution; The fourth contribution has been developed to improve Group-by and aggregate functions, by using a dynamic method, which able to define on the fly the best partitioning scheme of the reducer inputs. To evaluate our approaches, we have conducted some experiments on different cluster sizes, using different data warehouses volumes where the fact table has more than 28 billions of records. We have used the TPC-DS benchmark, a Hadoop-YARN platform, a Spark engine, and Ray and Hive system. Our experiments show that our methods outperform the state-of-the-art approaches in many aspects, especially on the OLAP query execution time
Courtine, Mélanie. "Changements de représentation pour la classification conceptuelle non supervisée de données complexes". Paris 6, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA066404.
Texto completoRelaza, Théodore Jean Richard. "Sécurité et disponibilité des données stockées dans les nuages". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU30009/document.
Texto completoWith the development of Internet, Information Technology was essentially based on communications between servers, user stations, networks and data centers. Both trends "making application available" and "infrastructure virtualization" have emerged in the early 2000s. The convergence of these two trends has resulted in a federator concept, which is the Cloud Computing. Data storage appears as a central component of the problematic associated with the move of processes and resources in the cloud. Whether it is a simple storage externalization for backup purposes, use of hosted software services or virtualization in a third-party provider of the company computing infrastructure, data security is crucial. This security declines according to three axes: data availability, integrity and confidentiality. The context of our work concerns the storage virtualization dedicated to Cloud Computing. This work is carried out under the aegis of SVC (Secured Virtual Cloud) project, financed by the National Found for Digital Society "Investment for the future". This led to the development of a storage virtualization middleware, named CloViS (Cloud Virtualized Storage), which is entering a valorization phase driven by SATT Toulouse-Tech-Transfer. CloViS is a data management middleware developped within the IRIT laboratory. It allows virtualizing of distributed and heterogeneous storage resources, with uniform and seamless access. CloViS aligns user needs and system availabilities through qualities of service defined on virtual volumes. Our contribution in this field concerns data distribution techniques to improve their availability and the reliability of I/O operations in CloViS. Indeed, faced with the explosion in the amount of data, the use of replication can not be a permanent solution. The use of "Erasure Resilient Code" or "Threshold Schemes" appears as a valid alternative to control storage volumes. However, no data consistency protocol is, to date, adapted to these new data distribution methods. For this reason, we propose to adapt these different data distribution techniques. We then analyse these new protocols, highlighting their respective advantages and disadvantages. Indeed, the choice of a data distribution technique and the associated data consistency protocol is based on performance criteria, especially the availability and the number of messages exchanged during the read and write operations or the use of system resources (such as storage space used)
Lassalle, Géraldine Rochard Eric. "Impacts des changements globaux sur la distribution des poissons migrateurs amphihalins une approche par modélisation à l'échelle continentale /". S. l. : Bordeaux 1, 2008. http://ori-oai.u-bordeaux1.fr/pdf/2008/LASSALLE_GERALDINE_2008.pdf.
Texto completoPham, Thuc Trung. "Fusion de l'information géographique hiérarchisée : applications des treillis de Galois dans les études de changement de couverture du sol". Aix-Marseille 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX11039.
Texto completoClévenot-Perronnin, Florence. "Fluid models for content distribution systems". Nice, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NICE4110.
Texto completoContent distribution systems (CDS) such as web caches and file sharing systems are large-scale distributed systems that may serve hundreds of thousands of users. These highly dynamic systems exhibit a very large state space which makes them difficult to analyze with classical tools such as Markovian models or simulation. In this thesis we propose macroscopic fluid models to reduce the complexity of these systems. We show that these simple models provide accurate and insightful results on the performance of CDS. In a first part, we propose a generic fluid model for distributed caching systems. The idea is to replace cached documents with fluid that increase with unsatisfied requests. Caches may go up and down according to a birth-death process. We apply this model to study two caching systems : cache clusters and P2P cooperative cache system called Squirrel. We derive an efficient and accurate expression of their hit probabilities and show how the model identifies the key tradeoffs of these systems. We also propose a multicasts approximation for taking into account document popularity. In the second part of the thesis we consider file sharing systems such as BitTorrent. We propose a two-class fluid model which replaces downloaders with fluids. This simple deterministic model may reflect the problem of service differentiation or bandwidth diversity for instance. We provide a closed-form expression of the average download time for each class under the word-case assumption that users leave the system immediately after completing their download. We also show how to allocate peers bandwidth between classes to achieve service differentiation
Koffi, Kouao Jean. "Analyse des structures spatiales des données de distribution phytogéographique des Acanthaceae en Afrique centrale". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210497.
Texto completoPhytogeographic data reflect the spatial variability of plant diversity and constitute consequently a potential tool for conservation policy development. In order to stimulate and valorise the concept of phytogeographic systems, this dissertation entitled “Analysis of the spatial pattern of phytogeographic data of Acanthaceae in Central Africa” aims (1) to analyse the spatial distribution of the Acanthaceae family in Central Africa (Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Burundi); (2) to compare this distribution with the known phytogeographic theories of Robyns (1948), White (1979, 1986) and Ndjele (1988); (3) to use the spatial distribution models as a tool for evaluating the human impact on landscapes and diversity; (4) to identify potential indicator species of the phytogeographic territories; (5) to evidence the phenomenon of vicariance; and (6) to quantify the impact of the fragmentation of forested landscapes in central Africa. In this study, two levels of spatial resolution have been considered: the phytogeographic systems themselves and a system of grid cells. A geographic information system has been used to draw maps of the spatial distribution of every species. The choice to analyse the Acanthaceae family of the herbarium of the National Botanical Garden of Belgium (BR) has been justified by the systematic revision of this collection and by its huge number of samples. The data set contained 9181 samples, collected between 1888 and 2001 by about 427 collectors in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda and Burundi ;the samples represented 48 genera, 310 species and 6362 geographic positions. The maps showing the spatial distribution of all samples pooled evidenced the different levels of exploration of the study area. Certain phytogeographic territories have been explored more intensely than others. The mostly explored zones, consequently also denoted as the most diverse ones, were the Afromontane regional centre of endemism, including the regional mosaic of Lake Victoria, and the Zambezian regional center of endemism. Species distribution maps evidenced the spatial patterns of species presence. Certain species showed an overall distribution while others were clearly bound to particular territories. The latter species, denoted as “unique species” or “characteristic species” could be used as bio-indicators to stimulate and valorise the concept of the phytogeographic systems in the framework of conservation policy development. By means of the Acanthaceae family, it has been shown that the impact of forest fragmentation will be considerable; species bound to a specific phytogeographic zone are assumed vulnerable; they will disappear when their biotopes are destroyed. The potential distribution of the species, based on the geographic position of the samples and on environmental data, have been generated in order to describe more precisely the ecological niches of the species involved and to detect cases of vicariance. Two types of vicariance have been found using the phytogeographic territories of Robyns (1948) and White (1979, 1986) at the genus and the species levels: ecological vicariance and geographic vicariance; the former type involves species or subspecies observed in the same phytogeographic region while the latter type involves species and subspecies not found in the same territory. This analysis enabled us to identify zones of speciation. A cluster analyses showed that the spatial distribution of the Acanthaceae data corresponded more closely to the phytogeographic system of White (1979, 1986), than to those proposed by Robyns (1948) or Ndjele (1988). In order to valorise our approach, the current methodology should also be applied to other families widely collected in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda and Burundi, such as the Rubiaceae or Mimosoideae families, this (1) to synchronise all data bases for a more profound understanding of the degree of exploration and of the existence of species with a limited ecological amplitude (unique species), and (2) to enable the identification of zones that should be prioritised for conservation.
Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Antoine, Maeva. "Amélioration de la dissémination de données biaisées dans les réseaux structurés". Thesis, Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE4054/document.
Texto completoMany distributed systems face the problem of load imbalance between machines. With the advent of Big Data, large datasets whose values are often highly skewed are produced by heterogeneous sources to be often processed in real time. Thus, it is necessary to be able to adapt to the variations of size/content/source of the incoming data. In this thesis, we focus on RDF data, a format of the Semantic Web. We propose a novel approach to improve data distribution, based on the use of several order-preserving hash functions. This allows an overloaded peer to independently modify its hash function in order to reduce the interval of values it is responsible for. More generally, to address the load imbalance issue, there exist almost as many load balancing strategies as there are different systems. We show that many load balancing schemes are comprised of the same basic elements, and only the implementation and interconnection of these elements vary. Based on this observation, we describe the concepts behind the building of a common API to implement any load balancing strategy independently from the rest of the code. Implemented on our distributed storage system, the API has a minimal impact on the business code and allows the developer to change only a part of a strategy without modifying the other components. We also show how modifying some parameters can lead to significant improvements in terms of results
Driouech, Fatima. "Distribution des précipitations hivernales sur le Maroc dans le cadre d'un changement climatique : descente d'échelle et incertitudes". Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPT0065/document.
Texto completoIn the context of climate change, it is important to improve climate information concerning countries that may be negatively impacted by global warming such as Morocco. Indeed, various studies of future projections, including IPCC ones, are mainly based on the outputs of low resolution climate models that do not allow accessing the regional and local scales. The first part of this work focuses on the study and analysis of observed climate evolution and trends in Morocco through a set of climate indices. Moroccan rainfall is characterized by a high interannual variability and more frequent droughts have occurred since the early 1980s. Furthermore, a clear change is shown in the distribution of precipitation during the period 1961-2008. It consists in a shift towards warmer and drier conditions. The assessment of future climate changes is done, firstly, using a variable resolution version of the global GCM ARPEGE-Climat with high resolution over Morocco (50km). The examination of this version capability shows the ability of the model to well reproduce the large scale circulation as well as the interannual variability of Moroccan rainfall despite an underestimation of its amount. A reduction of winter rainfall over the whole country is projected by the model for 2021-2050. In the region located west of the Atlas Mountains, the reduction could concern the wettest part of the year (ONDJFM). The changes in rainfall characteristics may also occur through a decrease in the number of wet days and the number of heavy precipitation events and by more persistent droughts. Furthermore, an increase of mean temperature is projected at annual and seasonal scales. The outputs of ten RCMs of the FP6-ENSEMBLES (ENSEMBLES) project are used to assess the uncertainties associated to future climate change. The changes issued from ARPEGE-Climat are in the range covered by the ten RCMs. Most of the models agreed on a reduction of winter precipitation associated with a decrease in the number of heavy precipitation events and an increase in the number of maximum consecutive dry days. The evaluation of a statistical downscaling approach that uses large scale fields such as North Atlantic weather regimes to construct local scenarios of future climate change shows the deficiency of this approach in the case of Moroccan winter precipitation. This result is obtained by both ARPEGE-Climat and the ENSEMBLES RCMs. The quantile-quantile correction method extended to weather regimes and applied to the outputs of ARPEGE-Climat confirms the sign of the changes despite a slight reduction of their amplitudes. The assessment of potential impacts on hydrology done using the hydrological model GR2M and the climate scenarios issued from ARPEGE-Climat shows a future reduction of the Moulouya watershed discharges. This is due to the combination of a rainfall decrease and an enhanced potential evapotranspiration induced by increasing temperature. Finally, a dynamical downscaling achieved using the limited area model ALADINClimat with very high resolution (12km) on the northern half of the country allows a further assessment of future climate changes and related uncertainties. The projections issued from ARPEGE-Climat are generally confirmed both in terms of average and of extremes
Buisson, Laetitia. "Poissons des rivières françaises et changement climatique : impacts sur la distribution des espèces et incertitudes des projections". Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPT005A/document.
Texto completoClimate change and its impact on biodiversity are receiving increasing attention from scientists and people managing natural ecosystems. Indeed, climate has a major influence on the biology and ecology of fauna and flora, from physiology to distribution. Climate change may thus have major consequences on species and assemblages. Among freshwater ecosystems, stream fish have no physiological ability to regulate their body temperature and they have to cope with streams' hydrological variability and strong anthropogenic pressures. Yet their response to current and future climate change has been poorly studied. The aim of this PhD thesis is to assess the potential impact of climate change on fish in French streams, mainly on species distribution and assemblages' structure. Data provided by the Office National de l'Eau et des Milieux Aquatiques combined with a modelling approach based on species' ecological niche (i.e., distribution models) have been used. Several sources of uncertainty have also been considered in an ensemble modeling framework in order to account for the variability between projected impacts and to provide reliable estimates of such impact. First, we have identified the main environmental factors that determine the spatial distribution of fish species within river networks. Overall, it appears that a combination of both climatic variables and variables describing the local habitat and its position within the river network is important to explain the current species distribution. Moreover, each fish species responded differently to the environmental factors. Second, we have highlighted that the choice of the statistical method used to model the fish ecological niche is crucial given that the current and future patterns of distribution predicted by different statistical methods vary significantly. The statistical method appears to be the main source of uncertainty, resulting in more variability in projections than the global circulation models and greenhouse gas emission scenarios. The variability between predictions from several statistical methods can be taken into account by a consensus approach. Consensual predictions based on the computation of the average of the whole predictions ensemble have achieved accurate predictions of the current species distribution and assemblages' composition. We have therefore selected this approach to assess the potential impacts of climate change on fish in French streams at the end of the 21st century with the highest degree of confidence. We have found that most fish species could be sensitive to the future climate modifications. Only a few cold-water species (i.e., brown trout, bullhead) could restrict their distribution to the most upstream parts of river networks. On the contrary, cool- and warm-water fish species could colonize many newly suitable habitats and expand strongly their distribution. These changes of species distribution could lead to a rearrangement of fish assemblages both at the taxonomic and functional levels. An increase in local diversity together with an increase in regional similarity (i.e., homogenization) are therefore expected. All these results bring new insights for the understanding of stream fish species distribution and expected consequences of climate change. This work thus provides biodiversity managers and conservationists with a basis to take efficient preservation measures. In addition, methodological developments considered in this PhD thesis are an important contribution to the improvements of projections by statistical models of species distribution and to the quantification of their uncertainty
Daniel, Maxime. "Afficheurs cylindriques à changement de forme : application à la physicalisation des données et l'interaction périphérique pour la maîtrise de l'énergie". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0236/document.
Texto completoIn the middle of public and collective spaces, cylindrical displays inform users around them.We question the utility and the usability of dynamic revolution symmetry for shape-changing cylindrical displays. We present CairnFORM, a prototype of cylindrical display that can change its revolution symmetry using a modular stack of expandable illuminated rings.We show that revolution symmetry is usable for informing users through data physicalization: We observe with a 10-ring CairnFORM that a physical ring chart is more efficient for a range task and for a compare task rather than for an order task. We show that revolution symmetry change is usable for unobtrusively notifying users through peripheral interaction: We observe with a 1-ring CairnFORM that a ring diameter change with exponential speed is perceived more often and calmer in the periphery of attention rather than with a constant speed or a logarithmic speed.We show that cylindrical displays with dynamic revolution symmetry offer a greater user experience over time than planar displays: After two months in context of use in a workplace, we observe that CairnFORM is as pragmatic as a flat screen but more hedonic than a flat screen. We study a use case for displays in the workplace: Helping employees to shift laptop battery charge to peak hours of local renewable energy production
Idir, Lilia. "Dissémination de données dans les réseaux véhiculaires". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCB157.
Texto completoThe number of vehicles on the roads in the world increased from 500 million in 1986 to 1 billion vehicles in 2010. Such a huge road network has brought some comfort to many drivers but on the other hand it represented around 1.24 million accidents in 2010. With the progress and development of wireless technologies these recent years, vehicular networks quickly evolved. Many car manufacturers and countries have built and imagined different applications in vehicular networks: road safety applications, others for traffic information, and entertainment applications. This last category of applications is distinguished from others by the quantity and volume of exchanged data, and represents a real problem due to the lossy nature of vehicular communications. In this thesis, we address the problem of data dissemination in distributed vehicular systems. Our main objective is to provide practical and workable solutions to disseminate data in realistic vehicular environments. The concept of data dissemination is large and significant. In this context, we call data dissemination each time there is a certain amount of data which must be distributed on in wireless network. The data is sent to multiple destinations who are interested to recover all or part of the information. As examples, we can consider the file sharing applications, streaming multimedia files and so on. We discuss in this thesis the data dissemination problem in vehicular networks, specifically the dissemination of large volumes of data such as content distribution. With the evolution in recent years of vehicular networks thanks to many car manufacturers support (eg Toyota, Nissan, BMW, Ford, etc.), the amount of exchanged data has increased exponentially over the years. Unfortunately, despite the advancement of wireless communications technologies, exchange large volumes of data in vehicular networks remains a challenge because of wireless communications features and those specific to vehicular networks
JAMET, Olivier. "Comparaison Vecteurs-Images pour la détection des changements des bâtiments d'une base de données topographiques". Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 1998. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005662.
Texto completoNicolas, Jean-Christophe. "Machines bases de données parallèles : contribution aux problèmes de la fragmentation et de la distribution". Lille 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LIL10025.
Texto completoMolli, Pascal. "Cohérence des données dans les environnements d'édition collaborative". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00601380.
Texto completoEsso, Loesse Jacques. "Changement technologique, croissance et inégalité : l'importance du capital humain". Phd thesis, Paris 1, 2006. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00140420.
Texto completoGhulami, Masoud. "Évaluation des impacts du changement climatique sur la ressource en eau et l'agriculture dans le bassin à faibles données disponibles, Kaboul, Afghanistan". Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AZUR4135/document.
Texto completoAfghanistan is a semi-arid and mountainous country which faced three decades of conflict. It is one of the most vulnerable countries in the world to climate change as it has very limited capacity to address the impacts of climate change. It has been also considered as a data-scarce region both temporally and spatially with limited capability to measure hydro-meteorological parameters with in situ gauges. The current study focuses on Kabul basin which lies in the northeast quarter of Afghanistan. It accounts for thirty-five percent of the population’s water supply, and has the fastest population growth rate in the country. The main objective of this study is to understand the impacts of climate change on water resources and agriculture. To understand the impact on water resource, first of all, the performance evaluation of global datasets/remote sensed products is investigated in order to generate precipitation and temperature datasets for baseline period of climate change studies and developing hydrological model. Then a hydrological model is selected to understand hydrologic response of the Kabul basin and future projections of water availability using future climate projections. To understand the impact on agriculture, a study on farmers’ perception about climate change and its impacts on their agriculture is undertaken. Secondly, a crop model is used to evaluate the impacts of climate change on wheat yield
Trinquet, François. "Elaboration et caractérisation thermophysique d'un matériau à changement de phase pour la distribution de froid par fluide frigoporteur diphasique". Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA077071.
Texto completoThe aim of this thesis is to study the thermophysical characteristics of a Phase Change Material (P. C. M. ), for the cold distribution, by a two phase secondary refrigerant. The advantage of working with this type of fluid is to use, as a means of exchanging energy, not only heat sensitive refrigerant fluid, but also the energy stored or disposed of during the transition phase of P. C. M. (solid-liquid in our case). The P. C. M. Proposed in this study is composed of a phase change element - a paraffin from the family of n-alkanes - with a melting point 01 about 7°C and a matrix based on a copolymer triblock. The compromise that best meets the needs from the energy point of view and the solidity, led us to achieve an P. C. M. With paraffin 75% and 25% of copolymer triblock. This P. C. M. Thus formed and immersed in its fluid-carrying, water, can get for mass concentrations on the order of 30% in P. C. M. , gains in terms of energy density greater than 50% compared to only fluid bearer. The study also examines the quality of exchanges of such a fluid, which we call stabilised paraffin slurry the exchange ratio by convection of the grout can be higher than fluid bearer only after the fluid bearer considered. Additional studies were conducted to determine the melting time of such P. C. M. In an agitated tank in order to be developed to scale cold distribution networks using our stabilised paraffin slurry
Palau, Jean-Marc. "Corrélations entre données nucléaires et expériences intégrales à plaques : le cas du hafnium". Aix-Marseille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX11038.
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