Artículos de revistas: "Ceramics"

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Pistsova, Irina N. "Contemporary Trends in the Author’s Ceramics by V. V. Portnova". Izvestia Ural Federal University Journal Series 1. Issues in Education, Science and Culture 29, n.º 3 (2023): 76–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/izv1.2023.29.3.049.

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The article is devoted to the development of the Ural artistic ceramics in the late XX — early XXI century, in the history of which a significant role belongs to the representatives of the Krasnoyarsk ceramic school. During this period, changes in socioeconomic conditions led to shift in cultural priorities, which manifested themselves in the polystylistics of postmodernism, that influenced the decorative and applied arts of Russia. The research of the issue is based on the art history and interdisciplinary scientific methods. Using the example of the work of the famous ceramist V. V. Portnova, the author examines the current trends in the shaping of contemporary Russian ceramics that are interest in tectonics and work with the surface. The author analyzes the evolution of the creative style of the ceramist, revealing individual engagement in the artistic and figurative solution of ceramic objects.

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Dejak, Beata Dorota, Cezary Langot, Michal Krasowski y Marek Klich. "Evaluation of Hardness and Wear of Conventional and Transparent Zirconia Ceramics, Feldspathic Ceramic, Glaze, and Enamel". Materials 17, n.º 14 (16 de julio de 2024): 3518. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17143518.

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The aim of the study was to compare the hardness, coefficient of friction, and wear experienced by four different ceramic samples: 3Y-TZP zirconium oxide ceramics—Zi—Ceramill Zi (Amman Girrbach), 5Y-PSZ transparent zirconium oxide ceramics—Zol—Ceramill Zolid (Amman Girrbach), Sak—feldspathic ceramics—Sakura Interaction (Elephant), and Glaze (Amman Girrbach). The Vickers hardness of the samples was measured. Friction tests ball-on-disc were performed between the discs of four ceramics and a zirconia ceramic ball, then a premolar tooth as a counter-sample. The mass loss and the friction coefficients of the ceramic samples were determined. The tooth counter-samples were 3D scanned, and enamel attrition depths and mass were measured. The following hardness values (HV1) were obtained: 1454 ± 46 HV1 for Zi, 1439 ± 62 HV1 for Zol, 491 ± 16 HV1 for Sak, 593 ± 16 HV1 for Glaze, and 372 ± 41 HV1 for enamel. The mass losses of the teeth in contact with ceramics were 0.1 mg for Zi, 0.1 mg for Zol, 5.5 mg for Sak, and 4 mg for Glaze. Conventional and transparent zirconium oxide ceramics are four times harder than enamel and three times harder than veneering ceramics. Zirconia ceramics exhibit lower wear and a more homogenous, smoother surface than the other ceramics. Tooth tissues are subject to greater attrition in contact with veneering ceramics than with polished zirconium oxide ceramics.

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Algatti, Mauricio A., Emerson Ferreira de Lucena, Élson de Campos, Rogério Pinto Mota y Jerusa Góes Aragão Santana. "New Methodology in Modeling Ceramics". Advances in Science and Technology 63 (octubre de 2010): 158–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.63.158.

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The improvement of ceramic synthesis and processing methodology based on digital image processing and analysis of ceramic samples is in its initial stage. The main reason is that the models are based on poorly obtained data from sample’s digital image processing. The lack of a solid statistical analysis and digital-imaging setup standardization make the method less useful that it should be if set in a sound basis. Therefore the importance of setting a new methodology in digital image processing for data acquisition on ceramic morphology analysis is essential for setting new models for customized ceramic synthesis and processing. The present paper shows results based on Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) from Al2O3 ceramics obtained by starch consolidation method. Observation of different sample’s regions allowed a more accurate description of ceramic morphology. Plots of resistance to flexion versus porosity and its correlation with the grain size and shape allowed one to choose the best model for representing ceramic’s morphology. Correlation of starch percentage with sample’s porosity and mechanical resistance allowed the best experimental conditions for customized ceramic’s performance.

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Lv, Xiang, Xinyu Liu y Jiagang Wu. "Decoding the correlation between initial polarity and strain property of BNT-based ceramics". Journal of Applied Physics 132, n.º 16 (28 de octubre de 2022): 164101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0121941.

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Although a large electric-induced strain has been obtained in sodium bismuth titanate (Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3, BNT)-based ceramics using chemical modifications, the effect of initial BNT-based ceramic's polarity on modulating strain properties was rarely reported. Herein, we comparatively studied the effect of tantalum (Ta) doping on two BNT-based ceramics with different ferroelectric polarities, namely, (Bi0.5Na0.5)0.935Ba0.065TiO3–0.7%Bi2FeCrO6 and (Bi0.98Gd0.02)0.5Na0.5TiO3. The former locates at the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB), whereas the latter is close to pristine BNT ceramics. An effective critical point, located at the crossover between ferroelectric and relaxor, is constructed in the former ceramic and significantly enhances strain properties, whereas a useless one is found in the latter ceramic due to the retention of a non-ergodic relaxor and has merely limited ability to promote strain properties. Our results demonstrate that the ferroelectric polarity of the initial BNT-based ceramic matrix also plays an important role in pursuing high strain properties.

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Hang, Xiao Cong y Yun Kai Li. "Influence of Confinement on Ceramic’s Mechanical Properties". Materials Science Forum 848 (marzo de 2016): 249–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.848.249.

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The wide use of ceramic material in engineering is restricted by its brittleness, so the strengthening and toughening of ceramics is always a hot spot of research in material area. And in general, the modification of ceramics is achieved by changing its internal microstructure. In this paper the influence of confinement on the mechanical properties of ceramics and the specific use of this method were investigated. Firstly, the influence of confinement on ceramic’s fracture process was analyzed in theory. Then the three-point bending test was conducted using two types of ceramics, viz. Zirconia and Alumina. The experimental results showed that the fracturing load of zirconia increased from 4.3298 to 5.4639KN as the confinement was increased from 0 to 150MPa, 26.19% increase was found in the confined specimen. The same trend was observed in alumina, whose fracturing load increased from 3.0446 to 5.0259KN as the confinement was increased from 0 to 150MPa, 65.07% increase was found. After that, a series of ballistic experiments were performed. The target in this experiment was boron carbide ceramic, and it was confined by 45 steel. The results showed that with the constraint force was bigger, the ballistic efficiency factor was better and the depth of penetration was smaller. In other words, the confinement can increase the defensible performance of the target. In summary, the ceramic’s fracture toughness, defensible performance and ballistic efficiency factor can be increased by adding confinement to it.

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Colomban, Ph. "Gel technology in ceramics, glass-ceramics and ceramic-ceramic composites". Ceramics International 15, n.º 1 (enero de 1989): 23–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0272-8842(89)90005-9.

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Cheng, Zhao Gang, Xin Hua Ni y Xie Quan Liu. "The Mechanical-Stress-Field of Matrix in Eutectic Ceramic Composite". Applied Mechanics and Materials 121-126 (octubre de 2011): 3607–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.121-126.3607.

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Based on the interaction between nano-fiber and eutectic interphase, forth-phase mode is used to get the mechanical stress field of matrix in eutectic composite ceramics. The effective flexibility increment tensor of eutectic ceramic composite is obtained by the volumetric average strain. The remote stress boundary condition of the eutectic composite ceramis is accounted for getting the mechanical stress field in matrix. The results show the mechanical stress field of the matrix is associated with the stiffness and the volume fractions of each component in eutectic composite ceramic , the shape of interphase and nano-fiber. The stresses in matrix will decrease due to the strong constraining effects of the eutectic interphase. The eutectic interphase make the eutectic composite ceramics strengthen.

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MATKOVSKA, Ivanna. "Zenoviy Flinta’s artistic ceramics of 1960-80s: Stages of development of the author’s creative manner and influence of artist’s painting on his artistic ceramicsand Ukrainization". Contemporary Art, n.º 17 (30 de noviembre de 2021): 69–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.31500/2309-8813.17.2021.248429.

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The works of Zenovia Flint, an outstanding artist, teacher and nonconformist ceramist, who embodied in his ceramic works of the 1960s and 1980s his own picturesque informal searches and philosophical images-allegories in the author’s manner, are analyzed. For the first time, the systematization of directions and stages of formation of Z. Flint’s authorial style in the field of artistic ceramics was performed, as well as an art analysis of the influence of the artist’s painting on his ceramics.

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Kumar, A. Sravan, Simanchal Kar, P. P. Bandyopadhyay y S. Paul. "Grinding of ceramics – sintered ceramics versus ceramic coatings". Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies 4, n.º 4 (30 de mayo de 2018): 538–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/2374068x.2018.1479820.

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Eagan, Robert J. "Ceramics". MRS Bulletin 12, n.º 7 (noviembre de 1987): 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400066902.

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Until the 1980s, most people thought of ceramics as artware and artifacts. The recent development of advanced ceramics for high performance thermal insulation (space shuttle tiles), high temperature structures (heat engines), and electronics (superconductors) has dramatically changed perceptions about the utility of ceramics.High technology ceramics are related to “traditional” ceramics only to the extent that they are inorganic, nonmetallic materials. Traditional ceramics are derived from minerals. For example, dinnerware and bricks consist mostly of clay, while sand is the major ingredient in flat glass and containers. Abundant raw materials, simple processing, adequate performance at low cost, and technological evolution have kept these industries viable for several thousand years.But, for demanding electronic or structural applications, synthesizing ceramics from minerals is often unacceptable. The chemical variability of mineral deposits, the difficulty of obtaining a homogeneous mixture of powders, and the problems of consolidating the powders into a uniform ceramic with desirable grain morphology, chemistry and grain boundary phases have stimulated the development of chemically derived ceramic precursors.

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Shi, Hao Yu, Runxuan Pang, Jing Yang, Di Fan, HongXin Cai, Heng Bo Jiang, Jianmin Han, Eui-Seok Lee y Yunhan Sun. "Overview of Several Typical Ceramic Materials for Restorative Dentistry". BioMed Research International 2022 (18 de julio de 2022): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8451445.

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With the development of ceramic technology, prosthodontic ceramics are becoming a useful option for improving esthetic outcomes in dentistry. In this paper, various ceramic materials were reviewed and evaluated, and their advantages and disadvantages and indications in oral prosthodontics were analyzed objectively. The properties of resin-based ceramics, polycrystalline ceramics, and silicate ceramics were compared and analyzed. Resin-based ceramics may replace other ceramic materials in the CAD/CAM field.

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Ding, Liang. "Analysis of Creative Teaching of Ceramics and Student Creativity in Colleges and Universities in China". Scientific and analytical journal Burganov House. The space of culture 18, n.º 2 (10 de mayo de 2022): 80–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.36340/2071-6818-2022-18-2-80-86.

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Ceramic art has been an important part of human culture for thousands of years and it has had a significant influence all over the world. China is the home country of ceramics and the progression of ceramic culture has contributed much to the development of human history and civilisation. Education has played a key role in this progression of ceramic art and through ceramics education, the ceramic culture, ceramic arts and the crafts of ceramics, ceramic skills have been passed down from one generation to the next. Ceramics education is an important part of art education. Faced with the globalisation of culture and economics, Chinese ceramic art education and global ceramic art education have a mutual influence on each other and are closely linked together. Therefore, achieving perfection and development in the ceramics education in Chinese universities, specifically in ceramics teaching, is important. In the long term, training students that have creative abilities will influence the current status and the future of ceramics education in China. Today, in China, ceramics are classified as either ‘handwork’ or ‘industrial arts’, focusing on production-oriented requirements like practicality, aesthetic appearance and economy. Ceramics teaching has been restricted by this traditional thinking as it conforms to existing stereotypes. Lacking an interactive paradigm that is open to change, the ceramics teaching in China attaches great importance to the mere training of skills. By analysing the current situation of ceramics education in colleges and universities in China, this paper discusses how to use creative teaching methods to guide students' learning consciousness, improve learning motivation and develop students' creativity from the perspectives of creative teaching and teaching creativity. This is to provide enlightening reflections on the cultivation of students' creativity in ceramics education in colleges and universities.

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Czechowski, Łukasz, Beata Dejak, Bartłomiej Konieczny y Michał Krasowski. "Evaluation of Fracture Resistance of Occlusal Veneers Made of Different Types of Materials Depending on Their Thickness". Materials 16, n.º 17 (31 de agosto de 2023): 6006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16176006.

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Pathological tooth wear is an escalating social problem. Occlusal veneers can be an alternative to traditional prosthetic restorations such as crowns, inlays, and onlays. Background: The aim of this study is to assess the fracture resistance of occlusal veneers made of various materials depending on their thickness. Methods: In total, 120 occlusal veneers were examined. The restorations were made of four ceramics: leucite LC (IPS Empress Esthetic), hybrid HC (Vita Enamic), lithium disilicate LDC (IPS e.max Press), and zirconium oxide ZOC (Ceramill Zolid HT). A total of 30 veneers were made of each material, 10 for each of the three thicknesses: 1 mm, 1.5 mm, 2 mm. The restorations were cemented on identical abutments duplicated from the developed phantom tooth 35 (KaVo) with composite cement (All Bond Universal). The samples prepared in this way were subjected to a compressive strength test in a universal testing machine. Statistical analysis of the results was performed. Results: The average fracture resistance of occlusal veneers made of zirconium oxide ceramic was 1086–1640 N, of lithium disilicate ceramics 456–1044 N, of hybrid ceramics 449–576 N, and of leucite ceramics 257–499 N. Conclusions: Occlusal veneers made of ceramics, zirconium oxide and lithium disilicate, had the highest resistance to fractures. Restorations made of leucite ceramics turned out to be the least resistant to forces. The greater the thickness of the ceramic occlusal veneers, the greater their fracture resistance.

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Chen, Zhe. "Tribute Trade: A Comparative Study of Yuan Dynasty Ceramics and Sukhothai Dynasty Ceramics". Communications in Humanities Research 24, n.º 1 (3 de enero de 2024): 232–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/24/20231745.

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Ceramics in Southeast Asian countries have been deeply influenced by Chinese ceramics, yet they also embody unique cultural attributes. This paper traces the tribute trade between the Yuan Dynasty of China and the Sukhothai Dynasty of Thailand, seeking commonalities in ceramics during that period. The study aims to compare and analyze the roles, styles, techniques, and mutual influences of Yuan Dynasty ceramics and Sukhothai Dynasty ceramics in tribute trade. Through the collection and analysis of relevant historical documents, archaeological data, and ceramic artifacts, it unveils the connections and distinctions between the ceramics of these two dynasties. The research explores the impacts of cultural exchange between the two nations in ceramics, including the transmission of techniques, artistic influences, and the exchange of art. The results of the study demonstrate that Yuan Dynasty ceramics and Sukhothai Dynasty ceramics mutually influenced each other in tribute trade and cultural exchange, jointly driving the development and innovation of ceramic art in both countries. This research holds significant importance for a deeper understanding of the diversity of Eastern ceramic culture and cultural exchange in tribute trade.

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Mesaros, Anca, Michaela Mesaros, Diana Dudea, Alexandrina Muntean y Mandra Badea. "Ceramics and Orthodontics". Key Engineering Materials 587 (noviembre de 2013): 343–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.587.343.

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Introduction: An orthodontist has two clinical situations in which he is confronted with ceramics: 1. Use of ceramic brackets 2. Applying brackets on teeth with ceramic restorations. Aim: The present study wishes to emphasize the advantages and the disadvantages that the use of ceramics has brought to the orthodontic profession. Material And Method: 75 consecutive adult orthodontic patients after being presented with their treatment plan were administered a questioner to motivate their choice in the type of braces and the cases with aesthetic braces or which had ceramic restorations prior to orthodontics received a special follow-up threw-out their treatment. Results: Ceramic braces are chosen for aesthetic reasons but sometimes they create other type of problems during treatment. Adhesion between braces and ceramic restorations rests problematic. Conclusions: The use of ceramics in orthodontics was indispensable but dental materials still need to be perfected.

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Li, Bei, X. B. Liu, M. Chen y X. A. Mei. "Ferroelectric Properties of Bismuth Titanate Ceramics by Tm₂O₃/V₂O₅ Substitution". Key Engineering Materials 633 (noviembre de 2014): 374–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.633.374.

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The ferroelectricity of Bi3.25Tm0.75Ti2.97V0.03O12 (BTTV) ceramic prepared at 1200°C by a conventional ceramic technique was investigated. The ceramic possess random-oriented polycrystalline structure. The remanent polarization (Pr) and coercive field (Ec) of the BTTV ceramics are 25 μC/cm2 and 70kV/cm, respectively. The Pr value of the BTTV ceramics up to 25 μC/cm2 is larger than that of the BTT ceramics. Therefore, co-sustitution of Tm and V in Bi4Ti3O12 (BIT) ceramics is effective for the improvement of the ferroelectricity of Bi4Ti3O12 ceramics.

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Potter, Gemma. "Material, gesture and touch: Ingrid Murphy, the playful ceramicist". Craft Research 15, n.º 1 (1 de marzo de 2024): 127–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/crre_00128_1.

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As a ceramicist, Ingrid Murphy’s work explores the material culture of ceramics and human connection through technological intervention. This article discusses the key themes of ‘ceramics as interface’ and ‘augmented ceramics’ seen through much of Murphy’s practice. Murphy centres her work around the audience experience, subverting our relationship with the domestic and familiar. Through employing and exploiting aspects of digital technology, Murphy sees the objects she creates as ‘vehicles for naughtiness’, inserting herself physically and virtually into digital 3D scans of commonplace historical ceramic objects. Having exhibited work internationally, Murphy uses physical computing and technology employed within the Internet of Things (IoT) to connect viewers of her pieces through object-to-object communication. The notion of ‘ceramics as interface’ is explored further by exploiting the conductive qualities of gold lustre and liquid graphite, effectively turning her pots into capacitive touch sensors that generate interactive soundscapes that respond to gesture and physical interaction with resonant sound. The unexpected and delightful experiences that result from interacting with these objects typify Murphy’s work and playful approach to ceramics.

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نسرين سمير غدير y صباح احمد حسين. "The structural metaphorical abstraction in Adrian Arleo's sculptural ceramics". Basrah Arts Journal, n.º 28 (28 de febrero de 2024): 21–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.59767/2024.02/28.2.

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This research delves into the philosophical concept of compositional metaphor and its artistic application, particularly in the works of the ceramic artist Adrian Aurelio. It aims to illustrate how compositional metaphor serves as a conduit for conveying philosophical insights and profound meanings through art. The structure of the research comprises four chapters. The initial chapter (General Framework) addresses the research problem encapsulated in the question: "How was compositional metaphor activated to achieve ceramic output, and what visual elements did the ceramist employ in realizing these compound metaphors?" The research aims to identify compositional metaphor and its application mechanisms in the sculptural ceramics of Adrian Aurelio. The second chapter (Theoretical Framework) encompasses two sections. The first section examines the concept of metaphor and compositional metaphor, while the second section explores the artistic outputs of the ceramicist Adrian Aurelio. The third chapter (Research Procedures) delineates the research's scope, selecting four artistic works for analysis. The fourth chapter presents the results and conclusions. Among the key findings is the ceramist's adeptness in reaching a level of expressive semantic encoding through her sculptural ceramic discourse. She amalgamated fragments of the same gender (human parts) to create a human figure, rendering the pieces complementary to each other, inviting interpretative narrative readings that mirror reality with profound connotations. Compositional metaphor, therefore, emerges as a conscious construct, intertwining artistic vision with technology and culture. This fusion engenders aesthetic innovation and serves as a conduit for expressing her philosophy and societal concerns, amalgamating diverse components to formulate multi-layered messages pertaining to environmental, cultural, and social realms.

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Denry, Isabelle L. "Recent Advances in Ceramics for Dentistry". Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine 7, n.º 2 (abril de 1996): 134–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10454411960070020201.

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For the last ten years, the application of high-technology processes to dental ceramics allowed for the development of new materials such as heat-pressed, injection-molded, and slip-cast ceramics and glass-ceramics. The purpose of the present paper is to review advances in new materials and processes available for making all-ceramic dental restorations. Concepts on the structure and strengthening mechanisms of dental ceramics are provided. Major developments in materials for all-ceramic restorations are addressed. These advances include improved processing techniques and greater mechanical properties. An overview of the processing techniques available for all-ceramic materials is given, including sintering, casting, machining, slip-casting, and heat-pressing. The most recent ceramic materials are reviewed with respect to their principal crystalline phases, including leucite, alumina, forsterite, zirconia, mica, hydroxyapatite, lithium disilicate, sanidine, and spinel. Finally, a summary of flexural strength data available for all-ceramic materials is included.

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Jiang, Hong. "Research on Applied-Information Technology in Online Compact System Based on Serial Communication". Advanced Materials Research 1046 (octubre de 2014): 431–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1046.431.

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The ceramic industry fall into two main categories: daily used ceramics and craft ceramic. With the demand for daily used ceramics is increasing in my country, ceramics enterprises are faced with intense market competition. Based on the investigation of ceramic industrial production, the traditional method for Ceramic production has some disadvantages, such as long periods of dies production, complicated production process, wasting human resource, high cost, short life, poor quality, easy to damage. According to the characteristics of daily used ceramics, this paper presents a rapid prototyping system based on RS-232C compacts. This system can cancel the long and complex development process of the dies, and can achieve rapid prototyping of ceramic body, thereby greatly reducing the cost of production of ceramic manufacturers.

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Yan, Yan Yan, Bo Zhao y Jun Li Liu. "Research on the Fracture Phenomenon of Zirconia-Toughened Alumina Ceramics under Ultrasonic Vibration". Key Engineering Materials 455 (diciembre de 2010): 156–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.455.156.

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A study of the fracture phenomenon of zirconia-toughened alumina (ZTA) ceramics was carried. It analyzes the mechanisms of crack propagation of ZTA ceramics, and constructs fracture experiments of ZTA ceramics, so the propagation behavior on fracture in ZTA ceramics was investigated according to the experiment. By contrast, intercrystalline fracture happed in V-shaped groove of ceramic specimen under normal load without ultrasonic vibration during ceramic fracture, and transcrystalline fracture happed in V-shaped groove of ceramic specimen under normal load with ultrasonic vibration during ceramic fracture. Furthermore, the loading force of ceramic specimen under normal load with ultrasonic vibration is smaller than that under normal load without ultrasonic vibration all other conditions being equal. The results of fracture experiment prove that ultrasonic vibration assisted is good for the fracture of ceramic specimen, and it also proves that ultrasonic vibration assisted grinding may raise the working efficiency and improve surface integrity of ceramics from the standpoint of the fracture.

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Xie, Ru Hong, Jun Jie Feng y Shan Xin Feng. "Application Research of High Temperature Silver Plating in Products". Materials Science Forum 980 (marzo de 2020): 70–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.980.70.

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Silver has functional properties such as disinfection, sterilization, and anti-corrosion.The combination of silver and conventional ceramics by high-temperature silver plating can impart the functionality to ceramic products and increase the functionality of ceramic products.The traditional way of decorating ceramic products is mainly glazed decoration, which combines silver and ceramics, and its silver metallic luster can bring decorative effects to ceramic products. And it is produced by high-temperature silver plating, which saves costs in the production process compared to traditional silver plating.At the same time, compared with traditional ceramics, high-temperature silver-plated ceramics can take into account the properties of ceramics and can also play the role of disinfection, sterilization, anti-corrosion and other properties of silver. It is produced by high-temperature silver plating, which is more cost-effective than traditional silver plating in the production process. At the same time, compared with traditional ceramics, high-temperature silver-plated ceramics can achieve the disinfection and sterilization of silver in consideration of the properties of ceramics,anti-corrosion and other attributes, a reasonable combination of the two, fully demonstrate the functionality and decoration of both.

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Subedi, Mitra Mani. "Ceramics and its Importance". Himalayan Physics 4 (23 de diciembre de 2013): 80–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hj.v4i0.9433.

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The term "ceramic" once referred only to clay-based materials. However, new generations of ceramic materials have tremendously expanded the scope and number of possible applications. Many of these new materials have a major impact on our daily lives and on our society. Ceramics has advanced far beyond its beginnings in clay pottery. Ceramic tiles cover the space shuttle as well as our kitchen floors. Ceramic electronic devices make possible high-tech instruments for everything from medicine to entertainment. Clearly, ceramics are our window to the future.The Himalayan Physics Vol. 4, No. 4, 2013 Page: 80-82 Uploaded date: 12/23/2013

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Vasileva, Elena, Angelina Vlahova, Ilian Hristov, Svetlin Alexandrov y Zlatina Tomova. "SURFACE ROUGHNESS OF LITHIUM DISILICATE PRESS CERAMICS AFTER DIFFERENT TYPES OF POLISHING". Proceedings of CBU in Medicine and Pharmacy 2 (24 de octubre de 2021): 174–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.12955/pmp.v2.192.

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INTRODUCTION: The smoothness of a ceramic’s surface is very important of its esthetic and prophylactic qualities. AIM: The purpose of this investigation is to study the possibilities of polishing lithium disilicate ceramics after making a correction on the glazed ceramic surface. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The subject of the study were 20 test samples made of lithium disilicate press ceramics. They were divided into 4 groups according to the method of processing and polishing. Group 1 was treated with a red diamond bur and polishing set; Group 2 was treated with a green diamond bur and polishing set; Group 3 was treated with a red diamond bur, polishing set and diamond paste; Group 4 was treated with a diamond bur with green coding, polishing set and diamond paste. The samples were examined with an atomic force microscope to observe the change in surface relief. The reference point for comparison was the surface of the glazed ceramic. RESULTS: After polishing with diamond paste, the surface became smoother compared to the treatment of the surface with a polishing kit alone. CONCLUSION: Regardless of the polishing protocol used, there was a difference in the topography of the ceramic surface before and after treatment.

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Somiya, Shigeyuki, Sridhar Komarneni y Rustum Roy. "Ceramic Powders for Advanced Ceramics: What are Ideal Ceramic Powders for Advanced Ceramics?" Transactions of the Materials Research Society of Japan 20thAnniv (2012): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.14723/tmrsj.20thanniv.47.

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Somiya, Shigeyuki, Sridhar Komarneni y Rustum Roy. "Ceramic Powders for Advanced Ceramics: What are Ideal Ceramic Powders for Advanced Ceramics?" Transactions of the Materials Research Society of Japan 35, n.º 3 (2010): 473–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.14723/tmrsj.35.473.

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de Matos, Jefferson David Melo, Guilherme Rocha Scalzer Lopes, Daher Antonio Queiroz, Leonardo Jiro Nomura Nakano, Nathália Carvalho Ramos Ribeiro, Adriano Baldotto Barbosa, Lilian Costa Anami y Marco Antonio Bottino. "Dental Ceramics: Fabrication Methods and Aesthetic Characterization". Coatings 12, n.º 8 (22 de agosto de 2022): 1228. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12081228.

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This study aimed to describe different staining protocols for the main dental ceramics. A bibliographic search was conducted in the main health databases PubMed and Scholar Google, in which 100 studies published were collected. In vitro and in silico studies, case reports, and systematic and literature reviews, on ceramic materials, were included. Therefore, articles that did not deal with the topic addressed were excluded. Ceramics can be classified into glass-matrix ceramics (etchable), polycrystalline (non-etchable), and hybrid ceramics. In this context, different fabrication methods, method indications, and characterization layers can be used for each ceramic group and numerous protocols differ according to the choice of material. Several ceramic systems are available, thus professionals in the prosthetic area need constant updates on dental ceramic restorations and their proper characterizations.

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Li, Nan, Zhiwei Shen y Zhiguo Tao. "Design theory and anti-ballistic effect simulation of dual phase hybrid functionally graded ceramic composite armor". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2478, n.º 5 (1 de junio de 2023): 052003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2478/5/052003.

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Abstract Functional gradient structure design is one way to improve the anti-ballistic performance of ceramic composite armors. In this paper, the design theory of dual phase hybrid functionally graded ceramics is established. Through the finite element simulation of the anti-ballistic behaviour, three structural effects of dual phase hybrid functionally graded ceramics composite armor are studied: monolithic ceramics (MC), unidirectional functionally graded ceramics (UFGC) and bidirectional functionally graded ceramics (BFGC). The ceramics structure of composite armor is optimized. The simulation results of the optimized structure of unidirectional and bidirectional functionally graded ceramics are better than that of monolithic ceramics, and the weight is lighter. This research can provide theoretical support for the design of functionally graded ceramic composite armor.

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Dulnev, A. "Applications of ceramics in composite protective structures". Transactions of the Krylov State Research Centre 2, n.º 396 (21 de mayo de 2021): 52–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.24937/2542-2324-2021-2-396-52-66.

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Object and purpose of research. The object of the study is ceramic-containing protective structures. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the feasibility and effectiveness of using ceramics as part of standard ship structures for protection against the effects of high-speed damaging elements. Materials and methods. Composites of the "ceramic + steel", "ceramic + fiberglass" type, made with the use of poly-crystalline ceramic materials based on boron carbide, nitride and silicon carbide, aluminum oxide and some other types, are considered. The study is based on an analytical approach, the results of ballistic tests of ceramic-containing composites and computational collapse simulation of ceramics in the composition of armor structures. Main results. The results of experimental studies demonstrating the level of efficiency of ceramic-containing structures are presented. The influence of the fragmentation features of various types of ceramics on the ballistic robustness of protective structures is shown. Structural and technological solutions aimed at increasing the survivability and ensuring the mounting of ceramic-containing structures on the ship are presented. Conclusion. The high efficiency of ceramics use in ship structures for protection against the impact of high-speed damaging elements is demonstrated. The use of ceramics in protective structures allows to get a significant increase in the ballistic robustness of structures while ensuring their ballistic survivability.

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Cui, Fengdan, Guoqing Wu, Tian Ma y Weiping Li. "Effect of Ceramic Properties and Depth-of-penetration Test Parameters on the Ballistic Performance of Armour Ceramics". Defence Science Journal 67, n.º 3 (25 de abril de 2017): 260. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.67.10664.

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<p>Through an analysis on the relationship among ceramic properties, the depth of penetration (DOP) test parameters and the ballistic performance of armour ceramics based on literatures, the effects of ceramic type, tile thickness and projectile velocity on the ballistic performance of different kinds of ceramics were investigated systematically. The results show that the ballistic performance of different armour ceramics mainly depends on its density, and by using thin ceramic tiles or under high velocity impact, the ceramic composite armour could not provide effective ballistic protection. Furthermore, the differences in the ballistic performance of armour ceramic are found due to the different ballistic performance criteria and DOP test conditions. Additionally, the slope of the depth of penetration (not include tile thickness) (Pa) versus tile thickness has negative correlation with flexural strength of ceramics, indicating the flexural strength can be one of the criteria to evaluate the performance of armour ceramics.</p>

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Wu, Hongchang y Yamin Ma. "Application of 3D Printing Reconstruction Algorithm in Ancient Ceramic Restoration". Scientific Programming 2022 (29 de enero de 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8529229.

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The study of the ancient ceramic is of great significance to the identification of authenticity, value recognition, cultural types, and dissemination channels of the ceramic. In this study, a series of technical problems such as ceramic contour extraction, image distortion correction, and nonlinear contour modeling for 3D printing of rotating body under complex background were solved and a restoration algorithm for the shape of ancient ceramics was proposed. Then, an accurate contour model is established by using the two-dimensional images of the rotating ancient ceramics to reconstruct the three-dimensional model of the ceramic shape. The experimental results show that the modeling algorithm for three-dimensional printed ceramics can accurately obtain the three-dimensional model of rotating ancient ceramics, which is of certain significance to explore a new direction of the research and development of three-dimensional printed ancient ceramics.

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32

Srivastava, Aaditya Ranjan, Shrish Bajpai y Sushant Khare. "Current Scenario of Ceramic Engineering Education in India". Comparative Professional Pedagogy 8, n.º 1 (1 de marzo de 2018): 84–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rpp-2018-0011.

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AbstractHistorical overview of ceramic development has been provided in the paper. It has been stated that the trail of ceramics has been rooted in Indus valley civilization. Advancement of materials leads to afflux of development in the fields of science and technology. Present paper deals with the realm of Ceramic Engineering, mainly focuses on education and jobs in the respected fields in India. This paper also holds the framework and research work in Ceramic Engineering in India. It has been defined that the whole processing of ceramics is done in the laboratories, like refractories, ceramics white wares, fuel furnace and pyrometry etc. There are a number of jobs which are offered by government sector as well as private sector. It has been determined that ceramic engineers are able to get job opportunities in aerospace, automotive industry, building material manufacturing, chemical industries, electronics, food processing, mining, medicine and refinery sectors in India. Curricula, undergraduate and postgraduate programs in Ceramics Engineering have been characterized. The peculiarities of dual degree education in Ceramics Engineering have been described. It has been stated that there are several initiatives taken by the government for the enhancement of skills and knowledge in Ceramics Engineering, which have been discussed in the extant paper. It has been defined that a new advancement in Ceramics Engineering is the initiative for enhancement of the knowledge through video lectures, offered by a couple of institutes. The prospects of ceramics application have been analyzed. It has been stated that the momentousness of ceramics are protruding diurnally just like in sculptures designing, pottery, building constructions, sanitary & textile etc. Not only the designing field of ceramics but its use in electronics field has been covered. It has been concluded that ceramic has a great potential to give solutions to the heat absorption between the walls or contacting surfaces. Earthenware was the heretofore product of ceramics. It has been proved that the future scope of ceramic is enormous. It has also been stressed that nowadays Ceramic Engineering is one of the emerging fields in engineering education, but a very prospective one.

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Liu, Rui Fang, X. A. Mei, M. Chen, C. Q. Huang y J. Liu. "Ferroelectric Properties of Bismuth Titanate Ceramics by Tb₂O₃/V₂O₅ Substitution". Key Engineering Materials 633 (noviembre de 2014): 386–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.633.386.

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The ferroelectricity of Bi3.2Tb0.8Ti3O12 (BTT) and Bi3.2Tb0.8Ti2.97V0.03O12 (BTTV) ceramics prepared at 1100°C by a conventional ceramic technique was investigated. These ceramics possess random-oriented polycrystalline structure. The remanent polarization (Pr) and coercive field (Ec) of the BTT ceramics are 16 μC/cm2 and 75kV/cm, respectively. Furthermore, V substitution improves the Pr value of the BTT ceramics up to 26 μC/cm2, which is much larger than that of the BTT ceramics. Therefore, co-sustitution of Tb and V in Bi4Ti3O12 (BIT) ceramic is effective for the improvement of its ferroelectricity.

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Huang, Chong Qing, Min Chen, X. A. Mei, Y. H. Sun y J. Liu. "Ferroelectric Properties of Bismuth Titanate Ceramics by Dy³⁺/V⁵⁺ Substitution". Advanced Materials Research 412 (noviembre de 2011): 306–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.412.306.

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The ferroelectricity of Bi3.25Dy0.75Ti3O12(BDT), and Bi3.25Dy0.75Ti2.97V0.03O12(BDTV) ceramics prepared at 1100°C by a conventional ceramic technique was investigated. These ceramics possess random-oriented polycrystalline structure. The remanent polarization (Pr) and coercive field (Ec) of the BDT ceramics are 15 µC/cm2and 64kV/cm, respectively. Furthermore, V substitution improves the Prvalue of the BDT ceramics up to 23 μC/cm2, which is much larger than that of the BDT ceramics. Therefore, co-sustitution of D and V in Bi4Ti3O12(BIT) ceramic is effective for the improvement of its ferroelectricity.

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35

Mei, X. A., Rui Fang Liu, C. Q. Huang y J. Liu. "Ferroelectric Properties of Bismuth Titanate Ceramics by Tb^3+,4+/V⁵⁺ Substitution". Advanced Materials Research 624 (diciembre de 2012): 150–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.624.150.

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The Ferroelectric properties and Microstructures of Bi3.3Tb0.6Ti3O12 (BTT) and Bi3.3Tb0.6Ti2.97V0.03O12 (BTTV) ceramics prepared at 1100°C by a conventional ceramic technique were investigated. These ceramics possess random-oriented polycrystalline structure. The remanent polarization (Pr) and coercive field (Ec) of the BTT ceramics are 23µC/cm2 and 80kV/cm, respectively. Furthermore, V substitution improves the Pr value of the BTTV ceramics up to 35μC/cm2, which is larger than that of the BTT ceramics. Therefore, co-sustitution of Tb and V in Bi4Ti3O12 (BIT) ceramic is effective for the improvement of its ferroelectricity.

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36

Liu, Rui Fang, M. B. Sun, W. P. Ding y X. A. Mei. "Ferroelectric Properties of Bismuth Titanate Ceramics by Er³⁺/V⁵⁺ Substitution". Advanced Materials Research 624 (diciembre de 2012): 158–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.624.158.

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The ferroelectricity of Bi3.2Er0.8Ti3O12 (BET), and Bi3.2Er0.8Ti2.97V0.03O12 (BETV) ceramics prepared at 1100°C by a conventional ceramic technique was investigated. These ceramics possess random-oriented polycrystalline structure. The remanent polarization (Pr) and coercive field (Ec) of the BET ceramics are 18 µC/cm2 and 64kV/cm, respectively. Furthermore, V substitution improves the Pr value of the BETV ceramics up to 30 μC/cm2, which is much larger than that of the BET ceramics. Therefore, co-sustitution of Er and V in Bi4Ti3O12 (BIT) ceramic is effective for the improvement of its ferroelectricity.

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37

Chen, Min, X. A. Mei, Rui Fang Liu, C. Q. Huang y J. Liu. "Impedance Spectra and Ferroelectric Properties of Bismuth Titanate Ceramics by Nd³⁺/V⁵⁺ Substitution". Advanced Materials Research 624 (diciembre de 2012): 174–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.624.174.

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The ferroelectricity of Bi3.25Nd0.75Ti3O12 (BNT), and Bi3.25Nd0.75Ti2.97V0.03O12 (BNTV) ceramics prepared at 1100°C by a conventional ceramic technique was investigated. These ceramics possess random-oriented polycrystalline structure. The remanent polarization (Pr) and coercive field (Ec) of the BNT ceramics are 16 µC/cm2 and 65kV/cm, respectively. Furthermore, V substitution improves the Pr value of the BNTV ceramics up to 23 μC/cm2, which is much larger than that of the BNT ceramics. Therefore, co-sustitution of Nd and V in Bi4Ti3O12 ceramic is effective for the improvement of its ferroelectricity.

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38

Mei, X. A., M. Chen, R. F. Liu, Y. H. Sun y J. Liu. "Ferroelectric Properties of Bismuth Titanate Ceramics by Eu³⁺/V⁵⁺ Substitution". Key Engineering Materials 492 (septiembre de 2011): 230–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.492.230.

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The ferroelectricity of Bi3.25Eu0.75Ti3O12(BET), and Bi3.25Eu0.75Ti2.97V0.03O12(BETV) ceramics prepared at 1100°C by a conventional ceramic technique was investigated. These ceramics possess random-oriented polycrystalline structure. The remanent polarization (Pr) and coercive field (Ec) of the BET ceramics are 16 µC/cm2and 62kV/cm, respectively. Furthermore, V substitution improves the Prvalue of the BET ceramics up to 25 μC/cm2which is larger than that of the BET ceramics. Therefore, co-sustitution of Eu and V in Bi4Ti3O12 (BIT) ceramic is effective for the improvement of its ferroelectricity.

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39

Huang, Chong Qing, Min Chen, R. F. Liu, X. A. Mei y J. Liu. "Ferroelectric Properties of Bismuth Titanate Ceramics by Sm³⁺/V⁵⁺ Substitution". Key Engineering Materials 512-515 (junio de 2012): 1333–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.512-515.1333.

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The ferroelectricity of Bi3.25Sm0.75Ti3O12 (BST), and Bi3.25Sm0.75Ti2.97V0.03O12 (BSTV) ceramics prepared at 1100°C by a conventional ceramic technique was investigated. These ceramics possess random-oriented polycrystalline structure. The remanent polarization (Pr) and coercive field (Ec) of the BST ceramics are 16 µC/cm2 and 64kV/cm, respectively. Furthermore, V substitution improves the Pr value of the BST ceramics up to 25 μC/cm2, which is much larger than that of the BST ceramics. Therefore, co-sustitution of Sm and V in is effective for the improvement of the ferroelectricity of Bi4Ti3O12 ceramic.

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40

Wu, Jian, Hai Zheng, Mingliang Tang, Zhuqing Yu y Zhigang Pan. "SiC Nanoparticles Strengthened Alumina Ceramics Prepared by Extrusion Printing". Materials 16, n.º 6 (21 de marzo de 2023): 2483. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16062483.

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Extrusion-free-form printing of alumina ceramics has the advantages of low cost, short cycle time, and high customization. However, some problems exist, such as the low solid content of ceramic paste and the unsatisfactory mechanical properties of pure alumina ceramics. In this study, SiC nanoparticles were used as a reinforcement phase added to the alumina ceramic matrix. Methylcellulose is used as the binder in the raw material system. Ammonium polyacrylate is used as a dispersant to change the rheological properties of the slurry and increase the solid content of ceramics. SiC nanoparticle-strengthened alumina ceramics were successfully prepared by the extrusion process. The relative settling height and viscosity of ceramic slurries were characterized. The sintering shrinkage of composite ceramics was tested. The flexural strength, fracture toughness, and hardness of the ceramics were characterized. The strengthening and toughening mechanisms of the composite ceramics were further explained by microscopic morphology analysis. Experimental results show that when the content of the dispersant is 1 wt.%, the rheological properties of the slurry are the best. Maximum measured bending strength (227 MPa) and fracture toughness (5.35 MPa·m1/2) were reached by adding 8 wt% SiC nanoparticles; compared with pure alumina ceramics, flexural strength and fracture toughness increased by 42% and 41%, respectively. This study provides a low-cost and effective method for preparing ceramic composite parts.

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41

Zhang, Lijian y Guangfu Liu. "Ceramic Shape Design Based on Intelligent Space Simulation Technology". Journal of Sensors 2022 (2 de junio de 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5251436.

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With the development of the times, intelligent space simulation technology has gradually emerged in the design of ceramic forms, and the development of modern ceramics has gradually transformed into artistic development. The development of ceramics must conform to the design trend, adjust the rhythm, and seek development opportunities. Organic design opens up a green channel for ceramics and integrates into the lives of today’s people. This paper mainly discusses the external form of ceramics and studies from two levels of curve form and bionic form. Through the intelligent space simulation technology, the shape design of ceramics is studied, and the optimal shape of ceramics is obtained, which enables people to have a better understanding of ceramic art.

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42

Ninomiya, Yuki, Kosuke Kuroishi, Yuka Takagi y Hajime Nagata. "Electrical Properties of Textured Bismuth Layer-Structured Ferroelectric Ceramics with Large Number of Layers (m = 5)". Science of Advanced Materials 16, n.º 7 (1 de julio de 2024): 789–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/sam.2024.4695.

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Bismuth layer-structured ferroelectrics (BLSF) ceramics are attractive materials for high temperature sensor applications, because of their high Curie temperature Tc (300–900 °C), and the large anisotropy of their electromechanical coupling factor kt/kp or k33/k31. In this study, BLSF ceramics with a large number of layers, namely, (K0.5Bi0.5)2Bi4Ti5O18 + MnCO3 0.3 wt%+ Bi2O3 0.025 wt% (KBT5) and Sr0.75Ca0.25Na0.5Bi4.5Ti5O18 + CeO2 1 wt% [(SC)NBT5] ceramics, were prepared by ordinary firing (OF) and hot forging (HF) methods, and their electrical and piezoelectric properties were examined. Both KBT5 and (SC) NBT5 ceramics showed high Tc values of 545 and 424 °C, respectively. The OF-KBT5 ceramic had an electromechanical coupling factor k33 of 0.14 and a piezoelectric constant d33 of 20 pC/N, whereas the HF-KBT5 ceramic had k33 of 0.17 and d33 of 31 pC/N. On the other hand, the OF-(SC) NBT5 ceramic had k33 of 0.13 and d33 of 17 pC/N, whereas the HF-(SC) NBT5 ceramic had k33 that increased to 0.32 and d33 to 41 pC/N. The k33 and d33 of the HF ceramics were improved compared with those of the OF ceramics. Thus, the KBT5 and (SC) NBT5 ceramics with oriented grains were shown to have good piezoelectric properties with high Tc.

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Sunny, MSH, MR Islam, MS Rahman y MT Hasan. "Effects of waste ceramic aggregate on compressive strength of cement mortar". Progressive Agriculture 30, n.º 3 (29 de enero de 2020): 311–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v30i3.45157.

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In Bangladesh, the cost of building materials is increasing gradually, available raw materials of construction are not sufficient to meet up the needs of the country. For that we have to find out cheaper and waste materials (such as ceramic waste) to reuse for construction. The study was conducted to observe the physical properties of waste ceramics and compressive strength of ceramics mortar for different curing ages. The study was done to check the probability of using waste ceramics instead of natural aggregates (sand).The fineness modulus of ceramics aggregates was 2.94. Ceramic aggregate absorbs 5.89% moisture whereas sand absorbs 14.33%. Generally, finer the aggregate shows greater the compressive strength. Though the fineness modulus of ceramics was greater than that of sand, it possessed higher compressive strength because of its self-strength. The ratio of mortar mixture was (1:2) and (1:3) for different curing periods both sand and ceramics samples. The compressive strength of sand and ceramic mortar was 2603 psi and 3500 psi respectively at the ratio of (1:2) for 3 days curing. On the other hand the compressive strength of sand and ceramics mortar was 2340 psi and 3075 psi respectively at the ratio of (1:3) for 3 days curing. Between the sand and ceramic mortar, the compressive strength of ceramic mortar was found maximum at 28 days curing period. It can be concluded that recycled ceramic aggregates will be used in comparatively low load bearing, low cost temporary and medium category farming etc. concrete structure. Progressive Agriculture 30 (3): 311-316, 2019

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Liu, X. B., X. A. Mei, M. Chen y B. Li. "Effect of Sc₂O₃/V₂O₅ Substitution on the Ferroelectric Properties of Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂ Ceramics". Key Engineering Materials 633 (noviembre de 2014): 394–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.633.394.

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The ferroelectricity of Bi3.25Sc0.75Ti3O12 (BST), and Bi3.25Sc0.75Ti2.97V0.03O12 (BSTV) ceramics prepared at 1100°C by a conventional ceramic technique was investigated. These ceramics possess random-oriented polycrystalline structure. The remanent polarization (Pr) and coercive field (Ec) of the BST ceramics are 18 μC/cm2 and 70kV/cm, respectively. Furthermore, V substitution improves the Pr value of the BST ceramics up to 26 μC/cm2. Therefore, co-sustitution of Sc and V in Bi4Ti3O12 (BIT) ceramic is effective for the improvement of its ferroelectricity.

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45

Dennis, James E., Stephen E. Haynesworth, Randell G. Young y Arnold I. Caplan. "Osteogenesis in Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Cell Porous Ceramic Composites Transplanted Subcutaneously: Effect of Fibronectin and Laminin on Cell Retention and Rate of Osteogenic Expression". Cell Transplantation 1, n.º 1 (enero de 1992): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096368979200100106.

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Cultured-expanded rat marrow-derived mesenchymal cells differentiate into osteoblasts when combined with a porous calcium phosphate delivery vehicle and subsequently implanted in vivo. In this study, the effects of ceramic pretreatment with the cell-binding proteins fibronectin and laminin on the osteogenic expression of marrow-derived mesenchymal cells were assessed by scanning electron microscopy, [3H]-thymidine-labeled cell quantitation, and histological evaluation of bone formation. Scanning electron microscopic observations showed that marrow-derived mesenchymal cells rapidly spread and attach to both fibronectin- or laminin-adsorbed ceramic surfaces but retain a rounded morphology on untreated ceramic surfaces. Quantitation of [3H]-thymidine labeled cells demonstrated that laminin and fibronectin preadsorbed ceramics retain approximately double the number of marrow-derived mesenchymal cells than do untreated ceramics harvested 1 wk postimplantation. Histological observations indicate that the amount of time required to first detect osteogenesis was shortened significantly by pretreatment of the ceramic with either fibronectin or laminin. Fibronectin- and laminin-coated ceramic composite samples were observed to contain bone within 2 wk postimplantation, while in untreated ceramic the earliest observation of bone was at 4 wk postimplantation. A comparison was made of the initial cell-loading, in vivo cell retention characteristics, and rate of osteogenesis initiation of marrow-derived mesenchymal cells on two types of ceramic with different pore structure and chemical composition, with and without preadsorption with fibronectin or laminin. “Biphasic” ceramics contain randomly distributed pores 200-400 μm in diameter, and “coral-based” ceramics have continuous pores of approximately 200 μm in diameter. Laminin or fibronectin preadsorption significantly increases the number of cells retained in all ceramic test groups by day 7 postimplantation. In addition, by day 7 postimplantation, the biphasic ceramics retain a significantly greater number of cells for all test groups than do coral-based ceramics. The biphasic ceramics consistently have more specimens positive for bone with the identical cell-loading conditions used throughout this study. These results indicate that the retention of cells within the ceramic is an important factor for optimization of marrow mesenchymal cell initiated bone formation. The retention of cells within ceramics is augmented by the adsorption of the cell-binding proteins laminin and fibronectin, but this effect varies depending on ceramic pore structure and/or chemical composition.

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46

Novikov, Alexander V. "Reticulated Ceramics of Umilenie Settlement". Povolzhskaya Arkheologiya (The Volga River Region Archaeology) 1, n.º 35 (25 de marzo de 2021): 49–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.24852/pa2021.1.35.49.64.

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The paper addresses the reticulated ceramics discovered in 1927 by V.I. Smirnov during the excavation of Umilenie settlement located in the vicinity of Lake Galichskoye. The characteristics of reticulated ware are provided, their local features are outlined, and the specifics of ceramic complexes is determined. The collection includes reticulated ceramics with speckled and thread imprints, smoothed and shaded; ware decorated with speckled prints is predominant. The most common molding compound recipe is sandy ferruginous clay with debris. The ceramics was ornamented only with imprints only, and the edge of the pot was often decorated. A characteristic feature in the ornamentation of reticulated ceramics is outlined, which is a zigzag of pits, sometimes consisting of two rows, in the upper part of the vessels. Low-profile pot forms prevail; profiled ceramics with a prominent ribbed shoulder and jar-shaped ware are present in smaller numbers. Umilenie settlement is an important site, and the study of its ceramic material makes it possible to raise urgent questions concerning the formation of reticulated ceramic traditions at the turn of the Bronze Age and the Early Iron Age in the Kostroma Volga Region.

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47

Szépvölgyi, János. "Joined ceramics, alias ceramic composites". Epitoanyag - Journal of Silicate Based and Composite Materials 56, n.º 3 (2004): 86–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.14382/epitoanyag-jsbcm.2004.11.

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48

Sedel’nikova, M. B., V. M. Pogrebenkov, V. V. Gorbatenko y E. Ya Kautsman. "Ceramic pigments for construction ceramics". Glass and Ceramics 66, n.º 9-10 (septiembre de 2009): 305–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10717-010-9201-z.

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49

Penilla, E. H., L. F. Devia-Cruz, A. T. Wieg, P. Martinez-Torres, N. Cuando-Espitia, P. Sellappan, Y. Kodera, G. Aguilar y J. E. Garay. "Ultrafast laser welding of ceramics". Science 365, n.º 6455 (22 de agosto de 2019): 803–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aaw6699.

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Welding of ceramics is a key missing component in modern manufacturing. Current methods cannot join ceramics in proximity to temperature-sensitive materials like polymers and electronic components. We introduce an ultrafast pulsed laser welding approach that relies on focusing light on interfaces to ensure an optical interaction volume in ceramics to stimulate nonlinear absorption processes, causing localized melting rather than ablation. The key is the interplay between linear and nonlinear optical properties and laser energy–material coupling. The welded ceramic assemblies hold high vacuum and have shear strengths comparable to metal-to-ceramic diffusion bonds. Laser welding can make ceramics integral components in devices for harsh environments as well as in optoelectronic and/or electronic packages needing visible-radio frequency transparency.

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50

Medeiros, Luan M., Fernando S. Silva, Juliana Marchi, Walter Kenji Yoshito, Dolores Ribeiro Ricci Lazar y Valter Ussui. "Synthesis and Characterization of Porous ZrO₂-Y₂O₃-TiO₂ Ceramics Prepared by Coprecipitation". Materials Science Forum 727-728 (agosto de 2012): 1387–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.727-728.1387.

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Zirconium dioxide (zirconia) ceramics are known by its high strength and toughness and titanium dioxide (titania) ceramics has outstanding surface properties. The ceramic composite formed between the two oxides are expected to have advantages of both ceramics, especially when its surface area is increased by pores. In this work, ceramic composites of ZrO2-Y2O3-TiO2were synthesized by coprecipitation and rice starch was added as pore former in 10, 20 and 30 wt%. Powders were cold pressed as cylindrical pellets and sintered at 1500 °C for 01 hour and ceramics were characterized by techniques as Archimedes method for density measurements, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Results showed that pores are inhomogeneously distributed through ceramic bodies.

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