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Popkin, Jeremy D. "A Colonial Media Revolution:The Press in Saint-Domingue, 1789–1793". Americas 75, n.º 1 (8 de noviembre de 2017): 3–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/tam.2017.95.
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Like metropolitan France, the Caribbean colony of Saint-Domingue experienced a media revolution during the first four years of the French Revolution. In 1789, there was only one newspaper on the island, the officially licensedAffiches américaines, with two editions, one in the colony's capital, Port-au-Prince, and the other in its commercial center, Cap Français. By the time of the destruction of Cap Français, the colony's major city in June 1793, more than a dozen different newspapers had been founded in the colony, making it the second site in the New World, after Britain's North American colonies, to experience the phenomenon of a revolutionary press. Not only were there more newspapers, but their content and language were radically different from those of theAffiches. Like the newspapers created in France in 1789, those in Saint-Domingue denounced the vestiges of royal power and called on the colony's white citizens to demand the right to govern themselves. By helping to break down traditional authority, the press played an essential if unintentional role in making the revolts against white rule by Saint-Domingue's free people of color and its slave population possible.
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Wharton, Marcia. "Toronto The Community, the Press, and Black Theatre Canada". Canadian Theatre Review 44 (septiembre de 1985): 128–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/ctr.44.016.
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In 1983 Black Theatre Canada performed A Caribbean Midsummer Night’s Dream, which was perceived as a landmark in Canadian theatre. It was the first time Shakespeare had been performed in Canada with a Caribbean setting and a predominantly black cast. The black community newspapers promoted the production from its inception to the opening night, profiling cast members, and appealing for community support with solid coverage of the event. The mainstream media also was supportive in its highlighting of the production. The Toronto Theatre Alliance honoured the company with the presentation of a Dora Mavor Moore Award in the category of Innovation and Artistic Excellence.
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Joseph, O’Neil. "Caribbean Migrant Women Making Their Voices Heard: Perspectives from Tobago". Journal of Migration History 10, n.º 1 (11 de marzo de 2024): 63–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/23519924-10010003.
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Abstract This article examines the life histories of three women who migrated from the island of Tobago in the period 1950 to 1990. The themes explored include the factors which motivated their move, their lived realities in ‘new’ lands, the impact of migration on them and their families, and the reasons for return migration. This article argues that from the first half of the twentieth century, working-class Tobago women, through their personal migration efforts, made use of ingenuity, psychological strength and ambition to better themselves and their families. The Caribbean labour migration literature highlights the migration treks of Caribbean men during this period, but Caribbean women travelled in equally large numbers regionally and internationally in a relentless pursuit of wage labour and economic stability. While in some instances, their migration experiences led to the achievement of promised upward mobility, the pain of deteriorating family relations and rejection in a ‘new’ land, often led to return migration. This argument, which rests upon an interrogation of life histories, newspapers and official documents, presents new insights on a familiar topic, and meaningfully expands the historiography of migration and Caribbean women.
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Mellinger, Christopher D. "Alluring translations after the Spanish-American War". STRIDON: Studies in Translation and Interpreting 2, n.º 2 (30 de noviembre de 2022): 5–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/stridon.2.2.5-23.
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This article presents a case study of a Spanish-language newspaper, The Puerto-Rico Eagle, published in Puerto Rico after the Spanish-American War in order to identify the various ways in which the practice of translation manifests and to what ends these translations are used. This inquiry seeks to reconcile two approaches to translation history – first, to understand the history of translation practices in this colonial context and, second, to recognise the role that translation played in this colonial time and space. Bringing together these two approaches to translation history, this article provides preliminary insights into the multi-faceted nature of translation in Hispanophone newspapers, be it an unmarked effort to influence and persuade readers, a means to establish authority and inspire confidence, or a sensational act worthy of news coverage unto itself. In doing so, the article points toward potential avenues for future inquiry into translation in the Spanish-speaking Caribbean with newspapers as a site of translation activity.
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Kale, Madhavi. "“Capital Spectacles in British Frames”: Capital, Empire and Indian Indentured Migration to the British Caribbean". International Review of Social History 41, S4 (diciembre de 1996): 109–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859000114294.
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As “They Came in Ships” by the Guyanese poet Mahadai Das suggests, scholarship on indentured immigration is not an exclusively academic concern in Caribbean countries with sizeable Indian populations. An international conference on Indian diaspora held recently at the University of the West Indies, Trinidad and Tobago, was not only covered by national news media, but also attended by Trinidadians (almost exclusively of Indian descent) unattached to the university, some of whom also contributed papers, helped to organize and run it. In Guyana and Trinidad and Tobago, contestations over national identities are grounded in and self-consciously refer to a shared historical archive. This includes conventional, written material such as colonial administration records, newspapers, travelogues, and memoirs that reflect the concerns of privileged observers: government officials, reporters and editors, missionaries, labour activists, historians, anthropologists. It also includes memories and accounts of personal and group experiences by others in these societies, transmitted orally or through other popular media, and they all simultaneously and unevenly undermine as well as authorize each other.
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Schuler, Monica. "Colonial British Caribbean Newspapers. A Bibliography and Directory. Compiled by Howard S. Pactor. (Westport: Greenwood Press, 1990. Pp. xiii, 144. Selected Sources. Newspaper Index. Editor Index. $45.00)". Americas 48, n.º 4 (abril de 1992): 565–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1006761.
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Boaz, Danielle. "Introducing Religious Reparations: Repairing the Perceptions of African Religions Through Expansions In Education". Journal of Law and Religion 26, n.º 1 (2010): 213–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0748081400000953.
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Western bookstores today are full of small boxes that advertise “Voodoo Revenge Kit” on the front. Their short descriptions encourage anyone who wishes to harm a cheating lover and curse a difficult boss to buy this product. Companies now sell t-shirts, mugs, buttons and key chains with “voodoo dolls,” and bound figures with needles through the heart. Novels, newspapers, and movies have, for over a century, produced representations of human sacrifice, cannibalism and devil worship as rituals central to the practice Obeah, Vodou and Santeria. U.S. televangelist Pat Robertson even remarked that the catastrophic earthquake in Haiti on January 12, 2010, was God's retribution on Haitians for practicing voodoo and making a “pact with the devil.” Remarkably, few people recognize that these depictions are, to a large degree, linked to slavery and racism, which continue to leave their stain on the past and present laws of American and Caribbean nations.
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Kanellos, Nicolás. "A Historical Perspective on the Development of an Ethnic Minority Consciousness in the Spanish-Language Press of the Southwest". Ethnic Studies Review 21, n.º 1 (1988): 27–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/esr.1998.21.1.27.
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Various scholars have treated ethnic newspapers in the United States as if they all have evolved from an immigrant press.(i) While one may accept their analysis of the functions of the ethnic press, there is a substantial and qualitative difference between newspapers that were built on an immigration base and those that developed from the experience of colonialism and racial oppression. Hispanics were subjected to “racialization”(ii) for more than a century through such doctrines as the Spanish Black Legend and Manifest Destiny during the nineteenth and early twentieth century. They were conquered and incorporated into the United States and then treated as colonial subjects as is the case of Mexicans in the Southwest and the Puerto Ricans in the Caribbean. Some were incorporated through territorial purchase as was the case of the Hispanics in Florida and Louisiana. (I would also make a case that, in many ways, Cubans and Dominicans also developed under United States domination in the twentieth century.) The subsequent migration and immigration of these peoples to the United States was often directly related to the domination of their homelands by the United States. Their immigration and subsequent cultural perspective on life in the United States, of course, has been substantially different from that of European immigrant groups. Hispanic native or ethnic minority perspective has manifested itself in the political realm, often as an attitude of entitlement to civil and political rights.
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Fuhg, Felix. "Ambivalent Relationships: London's Youth Culture and the Making of the Multi-Racial Society in the 1960s". Britain and the World 11, n.º 1 (marzo de 2018): 4–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/brw.2018.0285.
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The emergence and formation of British working-class youth cultures in the 1960s were characterized by an ambivalent relationship between British identity, global culture and the formation of a multicultural society in the post-war decades. While national and local newspapers mostly reported on racial tensions and racially-motivated violence, culminating in the Notting Hill riots of 1958, the relationship between London's white working-class youth and teenagers with migration backgrounds was also shaped by a reciprocal, direct and indirect, personal and cultural exchange based on social interaction and local conditions. Starting from the Notting Hill Riots 1958, the article reconstructs places and cultural spheres of interaction between white working-class youth and teenagers from Caribbean communities in London in the 1960s. Following debates and discussions on race relations and the participation of black youth in the social life of London in the 1960s, the article shows that British working-class youth culture was affected in various ways by the processes of migration. By dealing with the multicultural dimension of the post-war metropolis, white working-class teenagers negotiated socio-economic as well as political changes, contributing in the process to an emergent, new image of post-imperial Britain.
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Modeste, Naomi N., Claudette Francis y Dumiso Matshazi. "AIDS-Related Knowledge, Attitudes, Beliefs, and Behavioral Intentions of Adolescents in Trinidad: A Pilot Study". International Quarterly of Community Health Education 14, n.º 3 (octubre de 1993): 273–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/1w2e-mxyx-gugt-fypr.
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The purpose of this study was to describe AIDS knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, and behavioral intentions among adolescents attending high school in the Republic of Trinidad, a Caribbean island. This information will be useful in planning and implementing appropriate AIDS education and prevention programs. A structured questionnaire consisting of five sections was administered to fifty-one randomly selected students aged thirteen to eighteen years and studying in forms III, IV, and V (equivalent to the last three grades of U.S. high school) in three high schools. Ninety-six percent of respondents knew the cause of AIDS and mode of transmission, but 26 percent felt that they could get AIDS from insect bites. Student knowledge did not correlate with behavior intentions, but there was a high correlation with perception of risk and their intention to use condom or abstain from sexual practice. There appears to be some association between level of education and likelihood of safe sexual practices ( p = .06). There was a significant ( p < .05) relationship between students attending all girls school and behavior intentions. There was also a significant relationship ( p < .05) between knowledge level and newspapers or magazines as the sources of knowledge.
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Marano, Carla. "“We All Used to Meet at the Hall”: Assessing the Significance of the Universal Negro Improvement Association in Toronto, 1900–1950". Journal of the Canadian Historical Association 25, n.º 1 (28 de agosto de 2015): 143–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1032801ar.
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This article discusses the unique factors that led the UNIA in Toronto to become a central fixture in the city’s black community and to the Garvey movement as a whole. Beginning in 1919, the Toronto Division served as a secular outlet for blacks in the city to express their concerns over racism, politics, employment, and the community. Using interviews, newspapers, and official UNIA records, this article explains how meaningful this organization was to the growth, security, and well-being of Toronto’s black community. Although this study delves into local history, it is also concerned with transnational relations – primarily, Toronto’s place within the African diaspora. The Toronto Division forged relationships with members around the world while taking part in various UNIA activities that transcended provincial and national boundaries. This article, then, assesses the significance of cross-division cooperation and Toronto’s role in the survival of the Garvey movement in Canada and abroad. Since most members of the UNIA in Toronto were Caribbean immigrants, this essay explores the UNIA’s compatibility with West Indian political and cultural ideals. In this way, this research sets Toronto’s black communities firmly within the African diaspora.
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Nocera, Amato. "“More than Equivalent to a Year of College”: Hubert Harrison and Informal Education in Harlem's New Negro Movement". Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 122, n.º 3 (marzo de 2020): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146812012200306.
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Background/Context Spurred on by the mass migration of African Americans from the South and blacks from the Caribbean, Harlem by the 1920s was defined by its association with New Negro culture and was widely known as the “mecca” of black life. The New Negro movement, as the period was called by contemporaries, has become a focus of scholars interested in black radical politics. Still, there has yet to be a focused study of the underlying educational experiences that helped create the New Negro movement and the mass political awakening that accompanied it. Focus of Study This paper takes as its focus Hubert Harrison, an Afro-Caribbean immigrant who arrived in New York City at the dawn of the New Negro movement and became a leading public intellectual and educator of the movement. In particular, it focuses on Harrison's participation and influence in several dimensions of the network of informal education that emerged as a part of Harlem life in the first part of the 20th century: street oratory, educational forums, and the black press. After a brief overview of Harrison and his political development, I examine each educational practice, discussing both Harrison's contribution and the wider culture of radical education he helped to create. I argue that at the foundation of the New Negro movement—and the burgeoning political consciousness among inhabitants of the uptown neighborhood in New York—was a system of education unlike anything that could be found inside a classroom. It was dynamic, democratic, and for many black residents moving into Harlem, inspirational. Research Design This paper uses archival materials from Hubert Harrison's papers at Columbia University. Those include newspaper clippings, diary entries, and pamphlets for talks and courses, among other material. It also draws upon newspapers and reports from the period as well as secondary literature on the topic. Conclusions/Recommendations While education scholars have often grappled with the limits of school as a mechanism for changing society, the history of Harrison and informal education in Harlem reveals the importance of political education outside the classroom in creating and sustaining social movements. For Harrison and the Harlemites of the 1920s, street oratory, educational forums, and a radical black press served as essential mechanisms for broadening what historian Robin D. G. Kelley has called the “black radical imagination.” Yet the educative experience of blacks arriving in Harlem is not so different from the experience of others who have participated in social movements in the 20th and 21st centuries. The challenge for scholars is not to identify and study political movements that can be linked to various forms of schooling, but to identify the educative dimensions of social uprising that take place beyond the walls of the classroom.
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Meneghin, Andréia Cristina y Carmen Elisa Villalobos Tapia. "Ciclo gravídico puerperal e a enfermagem: proposta de protocolo". Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line 2, n.º 4 (25 de septiembre de 2008): 445. http://dx.doi.org/10.5205/reuol.332-11493-1-le.0204200816.
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ABSTRACTObjective: to accomplish the literature review with the main phases of the woman's development. Methods: bibliographical study, from retrospective approach, in books and national and international newspapers in the sites of the Latin American and Caribbean Sciences of the Health Center - BIREME - and database Latin American and Caribbean Sciences of the Health Literature - LILACS. Results: they were found twenty one bibliographies. Conclusion: the woman goes by several transformations in her life and that the nurse has capacity to attend her in the best possible way, but, is important to be update and to elaborate tools to optimize the work process and to favor the woman a quality service. Descriptors: obstetric nursing; postpartum; sexual maturation.RESUMOObjetivo: realizar revisão da literatura com as principais fases de desenvolvimento da mulher. Métodos: estudo bibliográfico, de caráter retrospectivo, em livros e periódicos nacionais e internacionais, em sites do Centro Latino Americano e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde - BIREME - e base de dados Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde - LILACS. Resultados: foram encontradas 21 referências. Conclusão: a mulher passa por várias transformações em sua vida e o enfermeiro tem capacidade para assisti-la da melhor forma possível, mas para isso, é importante estar atualizado, e elaborar ferramentas para otimizar o processo de trabalho e favorecer a mulher um atendimento de qualidade. Descritores: enfermagem obstétrica; puerpério; maturação sexual.RESUMEN Objetivo: realizar una revisión bibliográfica con las principales fases del desarrollo de la mujer. Métodos: estudio bibliográfico, de carater retrospectivo, logrado a partir de libros y periódicos nacionales e internacionales, en la Centro Latino Americano y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud - BIREME - y en la base de datos Literatura Latino-Americana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud - LILACS. Resultados: fueron encontradas veinte y una bibliografías. Conclusión: la mujer pasa por várias transformaciones en su vida y que el enfermero tiene la capacidad para asistir de la mejor manera posible, pero para esto, es importante la constante actualización y elaboración de herramientas para optimizar el proceso de trabajo y favorecer un atendimiento de calidad. Descriptores: obstetricia enfermería; puerperio; maduración sexual.
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KITLV, Redactie. "Book Reviews". New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 66, n.º 1-2 (1 de enero de 1992): 101–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002009.
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-Selwyn R. Cudjoe, John Thieme, The web of tradition: uses of allusion in V.S. Naipaul's fiction,-A. James Arnold, Josaphat B. Kubayanda, The poet's Africa: Africanness in the poetry of Nicolás Guillèn and Aimé Césaire. Westport CT: Greenwood, 1990. xiv + 176 pp.-Peter Mason, Robin F.A. Fabel, Shipwreck and adventures of Monsieur Pierre Viaud, translated by Robin F.A. Fabel. Pensacola: University of West Florida Press, 1990. viii + 141 pp.-Alma H. Young, Robert B. Potter, Urbanization, planning and development in the Caribbean, London: Mansell Publishing, 1989. vi + 327 pp.-Hymie Rubinstein, Raymond T. Smith, Kinship and class in the West Indies: a genealogical study of Jamaica and Guyana, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988. xiv + 205 pp.-Shepard Krech III, Richard Price, Alabi's world, Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1990. xx + 445 pp.-Graham Hodges, Sandra T. Barnes, Africa's Ogun: Old world and new, Bloomington & Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, 1989. xi + 274 pp.-Pamela Wright, Philippe I. Bourgois, Ethnicity at work: divided labor on a Central American banana plantation, Baltimore MD: John Hopkins University Press, 1989. xviii + 311 pp.-Idsa E. Alegría-Ortega, Andrés Serbin, El Caribe zona de paz? geopolítica, integración, y seguridad, Caracas: Editorial Nueva Sociedad, 1989. 188 pp. (Paper n.p.) [Editor's note. This book is also available in English: Caribbean geopolitics: towards security through peace? Boulder CO: Lynne Rienner, 1990.-Gary R. Mormino, C. Neale Ronning, José Martí and the émigré colony in Key West: leadership and state formation, New York; Praeger, 1990. 175 pp.-Gary R. Mormino, Gerald E. Poyo, 'With all, and for the good of all': the emergence of popular nationalism in the Cuban communities of the United States, 1848-1898, Durham NC: Duke University Press, 1989. xvii + 182 pp.-Fernando Picó, Raul Gomez Treto, The church and socialism in Cuba, translated from the Spanish by Phillip Berryman. Maryknoll NY: Orbis, 1988. xii + 151 pp.-Fernando Picó, John M. Kirk, Between God and the party: religion and politics in revolutionary Cuba. Tampa FL: University of South Florida Press, 1989. xxi + 231 pp.-Andrés Serbin, Carmen Gautier Mayoral ,Puerto Rico en la economía política del Caribe, Río Piedras PR; Ediciones Huracán, 1990. 204 pp., Angel I. Rivera Ortiz, Idsa E. Alegría Ortega (eds)-Andrés Serbin, Carmen Gautier Mayoral ,Puerto Rico en las relaciones internacionales del Caribe, Río Piedras PR: Ediciones Huracán, 1990. 195 pp., Angel I. Rivera Ortiz, Idsa E. Alegría Ortega (eds)-Jay R. Mandle, Jorge Heine, A revolution aborted : the lessons of Grenada, Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1990. x + 351 pp.-Douglas Midgett, Rhoda Reddock, Elma Francois: the NWCSA and the workers' struggle for change in the Caribbean in the 1930's, London: New Beacon Books, 1988. vii + 60 pp.-Douglas Midgett, Susan Craig, Smiles and blood: the ruling class response to the workers' rebellion of 1937 in Trinidad and Tobago, London: New Beacon Books, 1988. vii + 70 pp.-Ken Post, Carlene J. Edie, Democracy by default: dependency and clientelism in Jamaica, Kingston, Jamaica: Ian Randle Publishers, and Boulder CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1991. xiv + 170 pp.-Ken Post, Trevor Munroe, Jamaican politics: a Marxist perspective in transition, Kingston, Jamaica: Heinemann Publishers (Caribbean) and Boulder CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1991. 322 pp.-Wendell Bell, Darrell E. Levi, Michael Manley: the making of a leader, Athens GA: University of Georgia Press, 1990, 349 pp.-Wim Hoogbergen, Mavis C. Campbell, The Maroons of Jamaica, 1655-1796: a history of resistance, collaboration and betrayal, Granby MA Bergin & Garvey, 1988. vi + 296 pp.-Kenneth M. Bilby, Rebekah Michele Mulvaney, Rastafari and reggae: a dictionary and sourcebook, Westport CT: Greenwood, 1990. xvi + 253 pp.-Robert Dirks, Jerome S. Handler ,Searching for a slave cemetery in Barbados, West Indies: a bioarcheological and ethnohistorical investigation, Carbondale IL: Center for archaeological investigations, Southern Illinois University, 1989. xviii + 125 pp., Michael D. Conner, Keith P. Jacobi (eds)-Gert Oostindie, Cornelis Ch. Goslinga, The Dutch in the Caribbean and in Surinam 1791/1942, Assen, Maastricht: Van Gorcum, 1990. xii + 812 pp.-Rosemarijn Hoefte, Alfons Martinus Gerardus Rutten, Apothekers en chirurgijns: gezondheidszorg op de Benedenwindse eilanden van de Nederlandse Antillen in de negentiende eeuw, Assen/Maastricht: Van Gorcum, 1989. xx + 330 pp.-Rene A. Römer, Luc Alofs ,Ken ta Arubiano? sociale integratie en natievorming op Aruba, Leiden: Department of Caribbean studies, Royal Institute of Linguistics and Anthropology, 1990. xi + 232 pp., Leontine Merkies (eds)-Michiel van Kempen, Benny Ooft et al., De nacht op de Courage - Caraïbische vertellingen, Vreeland, the Netherlands: Basispers, 1990.-M. Stevens, F.E.R. Derveld ,Winti-religie: een Afro-Surinaamse godsdienst in Nederland, Amersfoort, the Netherlands: Academische Uitgeverij Amersfoort, 1988. 188 pp., H. Noordegraaf (eds)-Dirk H. van der Elst, H.U.E. Thoden van Velzen ,The great Father and the danger: religious cults, material forces, and collective fantasies in the world of the Surinamese Maroons, Dordrecht, the Netherlands and Providence RI: Foris Publications, 1988. xiv + 451 pp. [Second printing, Leiden: KITLV Press, 1991], W. van Wetering (eds)-Johannes M. Postma, Gert Oostindie, Roosenburg en Mon Bijou: twee Surinaamse plantages, 1720-1870, Dordrecht, Netherlands: Foris Publications, 1989. x + 548 pp.-Elizabeth Ann Schneider, John W. Nunley ,Caribbean festival arts: each and every bit of difference, Seattle/St. Louis: University of Washington Press / Saint Louis Art Museum, 1989. 217 pp., Judith Bettelheim (eds)-Bridget Brereton, Howard S. Pactor, Colonial British Caribbean newspapers: a bibliography and directory, Westport CT: Greenwood, 1990. xiii + 144 pp.-Marian Goslinga, Annotated bibliography of Puerto Rican bibliographies, compiled by Fay Fowlie-Flores. Westport CT: Greenwood Press, 1990. xxvi + 167 pp.
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Molina-Rodríguez-Navas, Pedro y Johamna Muñoz Lalinde. "Pluralism of News and Social Plurality in the Colombian Local Media". Information 12, n.º 3 (18 de marzo de 2021): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info12030131.
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Information on the management of local administrations and the actions of the political leaders who govern them is essential for citizens to exercise their political rights. It is therefore necessary for these administrations to provide quality information that the media can use as sources for their news stories. At the same time, these media outlets have to compare and report while taking into account the plurality of their audiences. However, in local settings, collusion exists between political power and media owners that restricts the plurality of news, favoring the dominant political interests and hiding the demands, interests and protagonism of other social actors. We study this problem in the Caribbean Region of Colombia. We analyze the information that the town halls of the main cities in the region provide to the media and how the largest print newspapers and main regional television news broadcasters report on local politics. We compare these news stories to establish whether there is a plurality of news reports. In addition, we analyze the key elements of the news items disseminated by private media outlets to establish whether they report a limited vision of reality: the topics covered, the protagonists referred to in headlines and news stories, and the sources against which the news and images are compared. The results reveal shortcomings that result in similar information between public information and private media content, thus limiting the plurality of news reports and the social protagonism of other social agents. Ultimately, this hinders quality journalism that satisfies the interests of citizens.
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Jiménez, Cristina Pérez. "Puerto Rican Colonialism, Caribbean Radicalism, and Pueblos Hispanos’s Inter-Nationalist Alliance". Small Axe: A Caribbean Journal of Criticism 23, n.º 3 (1 de noviembre de 2019): 50–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/07990537-7912322.
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Drawing from Earl Browder’s papers, this essay examines the Communist-sponsored, New York Spanish-language newspaper Pueblos Hispanos (1943–44), arguing that the publication staged an uneasy alliance between the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party and the US Communist Party by positioning Puerto Rican independence as central to a wider decolonial Caribbean and postwar world order. By analyzing Pueblos Hispanos’s practice of “inter-nationalism”—a term the author proposes to denote the flexible strategy used to mediate between competing political interests and which can serve as a model for understanding the compromised collaborations between Communist and nationalist leaders in the Caribbean—this essay expands our understanding of Communist influence in Caribbean liberation movements and begins to reinsert the contributions of early-and mid-twentieth-century Puerto Ricans, and more widely, Spanish caribeños, within a Marxist-inflected Caribbean radical tradition.
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Oenbring, Raymond y Matthias Klumm. "The trappings of order". English World-Wide 43, n.º 1 (17 de noviembre de 2021): 66–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.21020.oen.
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Abstract This study builds off of previous research into Caribbean Standard Englishes (which has largely used newspaper genres) by comparing the rates of features found in corpora of Bahamian, Jamaican, British, and American administrative writing, paying particular attention to whether and how the noted formality of Caribbean Standard Englishes manifests itself in administrative writing. The study employs expanded versions of ICE administrative subcorpora for the analysis. Features analyzed include lexis, orthography, as well as different morphosyntactic constructions such as be-passives and modals of obligation and necessity. The study finds that the contemporary British administrative writing corpus contains the most informal lexical choice of the national corpora studied, problematizing a Caribbean folk narrative that associates formality in administrative language and practice with Britishness.
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Hutchinson Miller, Carmen. "Honrando a nuestros ancestros caribeños: Conmemorando 150 años de la segunda ola de personas de descendencia africana en Costa Rica." Revista Nuevo Humanismo 10, n.º 2 (19 de diciembre de 2022): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15359/rnh.10-2.5.
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The year 2022 commemorates 150 years of the arrival of Caribbean immigrants to Costa Rica for the construction of the railroad during the late XIX century and later for labor in the banana plantations during early XX Century. Unfortunately, there is virtually any acknowledgement of the important role that individuals be national, or foreigners play in the economic development of a nation. While some nationals may be recognized for their outstanding contribution or achievements it is rare for immigrants and especially if they are not part of the hegemonic ethnic group. Late XIX and early XX century Afro-Caribbean migrants are not the exception. The objective of this article is to bring to the collective Costa Rican imagination the names of seven Afro Caribbean individual migrants and a family who contributed to the economic, cultural, and reproductive development of this country by honoring them making their stories visible through memory. The article gathered information through oral history between January and March 2022 along with the revision and analysis of newspaper archives and other documentation.
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Gupta, Shreya y Supriya Lamba Sahdev. "AN EXPLORATORY STUDY ON CARICOM (CARIBBEAN COMMUNITY)- A CASE OF REGIONAL TRADE BLOC". International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 6, n.º 11 (30 de noviembre de 2018): 130–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v6.i11.2018.1097.
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The study throws light on the regional bloc CARICOM and the issues faced by the same. Secondary data has been used from journals, newspaper articles and books for analyzing the current scenario. From this paper we have learned that there are still many issues among the member countries and to resolve these issues disputes settlement mechanism similar to WTO should be followed for resolving dispute among member countries.
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Martens, Emiel. "The 1930s Horror Adventure Film on Location in Jamaica: ‘Jungle Gods’, ‘Voodoo Drums’ and ‘Mumbo Jumbo’ in the ‘Secret Places of Paradise Island’". Humanities 10, n.º 2 (29 de marzo de 2021): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/h10020062.
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In this article, I consider the representation of African-Caribbean religions in the early horror adventure film from a postcolonial perspective. I do so by zooming in on Ouanga (1935), Obeah (1935), and Devil’s Daughter (1939), three low-budget horror productions filmed on location in Jamaica during the 1930s (and the only films shot on the island throughout that decade). First, I discuss the emergence of depictions of African-Caribbean religious practices of voodoo and obeah in popular Euro-American literature, and show how the zombie figure entered Euro-American empire cinema in the 1930s as a colonial expression of tropical savagery and jungle terror. Then, combining historical newspaper research with content analyses of these films, I present my exploration into the three low-budget horror films in two parts. The first part contains a discussion of Ouanga, the first sound film ever made in Jamaica and allegedly the first zombie film ever shot on location in the Caribbean. In this early horror adventure, which was made in the final year of the U.S. occupation of Haiti, zombies were portrayed as products of evil supernatural powers to be oppressed by colonial rule. In the second part, I review Obeah and The Devil’s Daughter, two horror adventure movies that merely portrayed African-Caribbean religion as primitive superstition. While Obeah was disturbingly set on a tropical island in the South Seas infested by voodoo practices and native cannibals, The Devil’s Daughter was authorized by the British Board of Censors to show black populations in Jamaica and elsewhere in the colonial world that African-Caribbean religions were both fraudulent and dangerous. Taking into account both the production and content of these movies, I show that these 1930s horror adventure films shot on location in Jamaica were rooted in a long colonial tradition of demonizing and terrorizing African-Caribbean religions—a tradition that lasts until today.
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Anpilova, Ekaterina Sergeevna. "THE THEME OF THE CARIBBEAN CRISIS IN THE PAGES OF “PRAVDA” NEWSPAPER OF 1962". Philological Sciences. Issues of Theory and Practice, n.º 3-2 (marzo de 2018): 219–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.30853/filnauki.2018-3-2.1.
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Lal, Brij V. "The Odyssey of Indenture: Fragmentation and Reconstitution in the Indian Diaspora". Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies 5, n.º 2 (septiembre de 1996): 167–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/diaspora.5.2.167.
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“Indians are ubiquitous,” reports the Calcutta newspaper The Statesman on 5 August 1980. According to this article, there were then only five countries in the world where Indians “have not yet chosen to stay”: Cape Verde Islands, Guinea Bissau, North Korea, Mauritania, and Romania. Today, according to one recent estimate, 8.6 million people of South Asian origin live outside the subcontinent, in the United Kingdom and Europe (1.48 million), Africa (1.39 million), Southeast Asia (1.86 million), the Middle East (1.32 million), Caribbean and Latin America (958,000), North America (729,000), and the Pacific (954,000) (Clarke et al. 2).
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Raaijmakers, Wouter. "A Matter of Migration? Migration Patterns of Formerly Enslaved Statians in the Post-Emancipation Caribbean, 1863–1909". Journal of Caribbean History 58, n.º 1 (2024): 28–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jch.2024.a929354.
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Abstract: This article examines the alleged decline in population on St Eustatius after emancipation in 1863 using the emancipation register, the civil records, colonial reports and newspaper articles. Previous research on post-emancipation migration in the Caribbean has not yet turned its attention to the Dutch Leeward Islands. Meanwhile, the discussion on the slavery history of St Eustatius has experienced an almost fifty-year hiatus. Variables like sex, age, and occupation played a crucial role in determining both the possibilities and opportunities for migrating. In turn, these differentials resulted in multiple markers of identity for migrants.
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MUHAMMAD, AMANDA J., ALINA M. WAITE y DWUENA C. WYRE. "INFORMAL SECTOR RETAIL START-UPS IN A CARIBBEAN CONTEXT". Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship 24, n.º 02 (junio de 2019): 1950007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1084946719500079.
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Retailing dominates the informal environment where activities occur in private and public spaces. Notwithstanding the contributions from informal retailing entrepreneurs (IRE), a paucity of research remains on the complex entrepreneur-environment exchange and in particular, the relationship between retailing entrepreneurs and the informal environment in Caribbean economies. This qualitative study aims to explore the informal retailing environment between 2003 and 2018 for informal sector start-ups in the Caribbean, specifically Barbados. Guided by Gnyawali and Fogel’s Integrative Model of Entrepreneurial Environments, content analysis of newspaper articles unveiled insights about the country’s environmental conditions pertaining to (a) government policies and procedures, (b) socioeconomic conditions, (c) entrepreneurial and business skills, (d) financial assistance, and (e) non-financial assistance and its impact on new enterprise creations. The study’s results imply that the Barbadian IRE have not been embraced fully, which reduces the likelihood of new informal venture creations testing the market and the potential for more IRE transitioning to the formal market. Empirical findings infer that efficient market functioning requires clear policies and procedures and fewer barriers limiting people from pursuing business opportunities, making the environment more conducive to new business start-ups.
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James, Leslie. "The Flying Newspapermen and the Time-Space of Late Colonial Nigeria". Comparative Studies in Society and History 60, n.º 3 (27 de junio de 2018): 569–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417518000191.
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AbstractRecent scholarship on Indian, African, and Caribbean political thinkers and leaders emphasizes the era leading up to and immediately after decolonization as one saturated with awareness of time and history. While much of this scholarship focuses on temporalities that open up the future, this article instead foregrounds imaginings of the present in the currency of news reports. By examining newspaper reports, we can attend in a different way to renderings of time and freedom. This article applies theoretical work on genre and addressivity to analyze how location, space, and time were simultaneously grounded and overcome by Nigerian newspaper columnists, and how this dynamic of bounded transcendence facilitated an array of social and political projects in the time-space of 1930s and 1940s colonial Nigeria. The pseudonymous writers examined in this article applied the trope of flying to exist in an alternate reality. Each “reporter” outstripped the normal logic of time and space through their ability to “jump” from place to place, and even to be in more than one place at once. By existing, as they claimed, “everywhere and nowhere” they literally and figuratively rose above the material reality of the everyday, thus ordaining an exclusive capacity for revelation.
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Smethurst, James. "Claudia Jones, the West Indian Gazette and Afro-Asian-Caribbean News and the Rise of a New Black Radicalism in the UK and US". Science & Society 87, n.º 2 (abril de 2023): 261–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/siso.2023.87.2.261.
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In recent years, considerable scholarly attention has been paid to the Black Communist Claudia Jones as a progenitor of Black radical feminist notions of intersectionality. In Britain, Jones has also been hailed as an important part of the Black British political and cultural radical tradition. Less studied is how Jones brought a U. S. Black Left institution-building sensibility to the UK, particularly as embodied in the West Indian Gazette and Afro-Asian-Caribbean News (WIG) newspaper, helping to lay the foundation for the growth of Black Power and Black Arts in the UK. In turn, Jones and WIG brought to Black radicals in the U. S. a renewed sense of Black internationalism inspired by Africa's crossroads and its diaspora in London and other major British cities.
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van Goudoever, Milou J. F., Vaitiare I. C. Mulderij-Jansen, Ashley J. Duits, Adriana Tami, Izzy I. Gerstenbluth y Ajay Bailey. "The Impact of Health Risk Communication: A Study on the Dengue, Chikungunya, and Zika Epidemics in Curaçao, Analyzed by the Social Amplification of Risk Framework (SARF)". Qualitative Health Research 31, n.º 10 (30 de abril de 2021): 1801–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10497323211007815.
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Epidemics of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika have been threatening the Caribbean. Since risk communication (RC) plays a fundamental role in preventing and controlling diseases understanding how RC works is essential for enabling risk-reducing behavior. This multimethod qualitative study compares news reports with local’s and health professional’s perspectives, currently lacking in RC research. It was found that RC strategies were obstructed by a lack of governmental structure, organization, and communication. The content analysis showed that the majority of newspaper articles contained negative reporting on the government. Furthermore, this study shows how trust and heuristics attenuate or amplify people’s risk perceptions and possibly positively and negatively influence people’s risk-reducing behavior. A transcending approach (e.g., structural, cooperative, and multidisciplinary) of the prevention and control of vector-borne diseases and the corresponding RC is recommended.
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Manley, Elizabeth. "Intimate Violations: Women and the Ajusticiamiento of Dictator Rafael Trujillo, 1944-1961". Americas 69, n.º 01 (julio de 2012): 61–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003161500001802.
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The foundation of social order, the primary essence and basic nucleus of every political organization, rests in the family, without whose stable and healthy development, the prosperity of the nation is impossible. On the afternoon of August 10, 1959, several dozen Dominican and Cuban women gathered in the streets of Havana. Dressed in black as though headed to a funeral, they mourned the political situation in the neighboring Dominican Republic. Specifically, they targeted the dictator Rafael Trujillo, calling him the “Jackal of the Caribbean.” As they paraded through the streets carrying placards and visiting newspaper offices, tliey were focusing attention on their specific struggles as women and motliers. Their posters read, “Dominican Women Support the Revolutionary Government”; “We Ask for the Expulsion of Trujillo from the OAS”; and “We Represent the Mourning of the Assassinations Committed by Trujillo.”
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Manley, Elizabeth. "Intimate Violations: Women and the Ajusticiamiento of Dictator Rafael Trujillo, 1944-1961". Americas 69, n.º 1 (julio de 2012): 61–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tam.2012.0050.
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The foundation of social order, the primary essence and basic nucleus of every political organization, rests in the family, without whose stable and healthy development, the prosperity of the nation is impossible.On the afternoon of August 10, 1959, several dozen Dominican and Cuban women gathered in the streets of Havana. Dressed in black as though headed to a funeral, they mourned the political situation in the neighboring Dominican Republic. Specifically, they targeted the dictator Rafael Trujillo, calling him the “Jackal of the Caribbean.” As they paraded through the streets carrying placards and visiting newspaper offices, tliey were focusing attention on their specific struggles as women and motliers. Their posters read, “Dominican Women Support the Revolutionary Government”; “We Ask for the Expulsion of Trujillo from the OAS”; and “We Represent the Mourning of the Assassinations Committed by Trujillo.”
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Calle, Ana Cecilia. "Gabriel García Márquez's Lost cumbiambas : Distant Listening and Instrumental Creativity in GGM's Literary Archive". Revista de Estudios Hispánicos 57, n.º 3 (octubre de 2023): 453–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/rvs.2023.a924208.
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Abstract: Boleros, guarachas, and other popular music rhythms resonate across Gabriel García Márquez's work. Despite this, only a few mentions of cumbias appear in his novels, letters, short stories, and other writing. The present study analyzes the changes in Gabo's capacity to listen to cumbias and cumbiambas in his work across time. I show that, in early work, cumbia appears as an event incapable of producing semiosis, and Gabo is unable to fully listen to it. This inability gradually shifts, however, towards a listening for cumbia as sameness when reproduction technologies like film and vinyl make Caribbean music widely available and desirable. Analyzing GGM's columns for the newspaper El Universal (1948) and personal correspondence about the documentary Un carnaval para toda la vida (1961), I read Gabo's shifting attention to cumbia as a result of what I call "distant listening," a listening practice and positionality in which the authorial I perceives certain sound events as alien, thus preventing sound from entering the literary archive. Cumbia elicits GGM's attention when Caribbean music becomes available in reproducible media such as film and vinyl. Cumbias on vinyl help him produce what I call a "reproducible authentic," associated with a letrado listening positionality that listens for generic features in cumbia. That is, a cumbia that represents an authentic cultural manifestation using reproducible media such as vinyl records and film while maintaining the properties of a non-semiotic event.
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Willis, Kedon. "Making Love (and Maps), Not War". Journal of Asian Studies 82, n.º 1 (5 de diciembre de 2022): 96–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00219118-10119692.
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Abstract The 1918 anti-Chinese riots, which saw scores of Chinese-owned stores destroyed by largely Afro-descended peasant community members, are popularly remembered as one of the worst acts of interracial violence in Jamaica's postemancipation history. However, by examining the coverage of the riots by the Gleaner, Jamaica's newspaper of record, the author embarks on a mapping project to help show the network of nonconforming and anticolonial collaborations within these communities that existed in tandem with interracial tensions. The aim is to show how recapturing these productive collaborations from the past can animate intersectional forms of activism in the present. Furthermore, the article explores how Patricia Powell, as a queer Caribbean writer, uses her novel The Pagoda to perform the same work as the map in creating a counterhistory that gives voice to the anticolonial, nation-building strategies of subaltern groups lost in the gaps of official colonial archives.
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Duckett, Bob. "Benn's Media 2005: The Guide to Newspapers, Periodicals, Television, Radio and On‐line Media20061Benn's Media 2005: The Guide to Newspapers, Periodicals, Television, Radio and On‐line Media. Tonbridge: CMP Information 2004. 4 vols. £395.00 the set or £192 for individual volumes, ISBN: Vol. 1: UK (0 86382 554 0); Vol. 2: Europe (excluding UK) (0 86382 555 9); Vol. 3: North America (Canada and USA) (0 86382 5575); Vol. 4: World (Central America and the Caribbean, South America, Africa, Asia, Australasia & the Pacific Islands) (0 86382 5567)". Reference Reviews 20, n.º 1 (enero de 2006): 7–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09504120610638311.
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Cummings, Anthony R., Nakul Markandey, Hannah Das, Celina Arredondo, Aaran Wehenkel, Brittany L. Tiemann y Giyol Lee. "The Spill Over of Crime from Urban Centers: An Account of the Changing Spatial Distribution of Violent Crime in Guyana". ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 8, n.º 11 (25 de octubre de 2019): 481. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi8110481.
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As the rate of crime decelerates in the developed world, the opposite phenomenon is being observed in the developing world, including Latin America and the Caribbean. Crime in Latin America and the Caribbean has been concentrated in urban settings, but the expertise for studying crime and providing guidance on policing remain heavily rooted in the developed world. A hindrance to studying crime in the developing world is the difficulty in obtaining official data, allowing for generalizations on where crime is concentrated to persist. This paper tackles two challenges facing crime analysis in the developing world: the availability of data and an examination of whether crime is concentrated in urban settings. We utilized newspaper archival data to study the spatial distribution of crime in Guyana, South America, across the landscape, and in relation to rural indigenous villages. Three spatial analysis tools, hotspot analysis, mean center, and standard deviation ellipse were used to examine the changing distribution of crime across 20 years. Based on 3900 reports of violent crime, our analyses suggest that the center of the gravity of crime changed over the years, spilling over to indigenous peoples’ landscapes. An examination of murder, where firearms and bladed weapons were the weapons of choice, suggests that these weapons moved beyond the coastal zone. The movement of weapons away from the coast raises concerns for the security of indigenous peoples and their associated wildlife. Our analysis suggests that policing measures should seek to extend towards Amerindian landscapes, and this is perhaps indicative of Latin American states with demographics similar to Guyana’s.
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Hackert, Stephanie y Diana Wengler. "Recent Grammatical Change in Postcolonial Englishes: A Real-time Study of Genitive Variation in Caribbean and Indian News Writing". Journal of English Linguistics 50, n.º 1 (marzo de 2022): 3–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00754242211052490.
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This paper presents a diachronic analysis of genitive variation in five varieties of English. Based on a set of matching newspaper corpora from the 1960s and the early 2000s from the Bahamas, Jamaica, India, Great Britain, and the U.S., we look into variation and change in the underlying grammar of the genitive alternation, as defined by patterns of constraints affecting the variable. We employ random forests and Multifactorial Prediction and Deviation Analysis to analyze a richly annotated set of over 22,000 genitive tokens. Our analysis corroborates findings with regard to postcolonial Englishes, particularly in the Caribbean, that suggest that these varieties are partaking in American-led global trends in grammar toward, e.g., densification, without actually approximating American norms. We also notice that production-related constraints on genitive variation, such as syntactic weight or givenness, have increased their effects. While metropolitan and postcolonial Englishes share a core grammar of genitive variation, there is noticeable variation particularly with regard to semantic and socioculturally determined predictors such as text type. Overall, we see a widening gap between metropolitan and postcolonial Englishes. The case of Bahamian English is especially interesting as it appears fairly American-oriented during colonial times but has aligned with other postcolonial Englishes since independence.
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Kormann, Carolyn. "The Coral Is Not All Dead Yet". Daedalus 149, n.º 4 (octubre de 2020): 180–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/daed_a_01826.
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Reportage and essays are the first and most immediate way that citizens learn about climate change science, its causes and consequences, and the impacts that industry and consumerism have on ecosystems. For fifteen years, I have been reporting and writing stories on these topics. Growing up, I was drawn to the environment because I was fascinated by the diversity, the endless variety, of life on Earth. But early in my career, in my first reporting job for a newspaper in the Caribbean, I also saw the disastrous toll that contemporary civilization was taking on the natural world – specifically on coral reefs. And yet, the climate crisis was not widely reported as such in those days. That experience, and the dearth of mainstream climate reporting at the time, led me to seek out some of the leading thinkers on the subject, and made climate one of the central subjects of my work. Most often, in the field of journalism, the phrase “bearing witness” refers to war journalism, while my work, for years, had often felt like science translation, connection, and storytelling. But more recently, as the ecological and societal impacts of a changing climate have grown more extreme, widespread, and apparent, while greenhouse gas emissions continue to rise, climate journalism has, too, become a form of bearing witness.
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Newman, Simon P. "Freedom-Seeking Slaves in England and Scotland, 1700–1780*". English Historical Review 134, n.º 570 (octubre de 2019): 1136–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehr/cez292.
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Abstract This essay explores the experiences of enslaved people who sought to escape their bondage in England and Scotland during the first three-quarters of the eighteenth century. It argues that, while the conditions of their servitude in Britain may appear closer to those of white British servants than those of enslaved plantation labourers in the colonies, the experiences of these people were conditioned by the experiences of and the threat of return to colonial enslavement. For some successful Britons an enslaved serving boy was a visible symbol of success, and a great many enslaved men, women, youths and children were brought to Great Britain during the eighteenth century. Some accompanied visiting colonists and ships’ officers, while others came to Britain with merchants, planters, clergymen and physicians who were returning home. Some of the enslaved sought to seize freedom by escaping. Utilising newspaper advertisements placed by owners seeking the capture and return of these runaways (as well as advertisements offering enslaved people for sale), the essay demonstrates that many such people were regarded by their masters and mistresses as enslaved chattel property. Runaways were often traumatised by New World enslavement, and all too aware that they might easily be sold or returned to the horrors of Caribbean and American slavery: improved work conditions in Britain did not lessen the psychological and physical effects of enslavement from which they sought to escape.
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Chenoweth, Michael. "A New Compilation of North Atlantic Tropical Cyclones, 1851–98*". Journal of Climate 27, n.º 23 (1 de diciembre de 2014): 8674–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-13-00771.1.
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Abstract A comprehensive new compilation of North Atlantic tropical cyclone activity for the years 1851–98 is presented and compared with the second-generation North Atlantic hurricane database (HURDAT2) for the same years. This new analysis is based on the retrieval of 9072 newspaper marine shipping news reports, 1260 original logbook records, 271 Maury abstract logs, 147 U.S. marine meteorological journals, and 34 Met Office (UKMO) logbooks. Records from throughout North America and the Caribbean region were used along with other primary and secondary references holding unique land and marine data. For the first time, North Atlantic daily weather maps for 1864/65, 1873, and 1881–98 were used in historical tropical cyclone research. Results for the years 1851–98 include the omission of 62 of the 361 HURDAT2 storms, and the further reduction resulting from the merging of storms to a total of 288 unique HURDAT2 tropical cyclones. The new compilation gave a total of 497 tropical cyclones in the 48-yr record, or an average of 10.4 storms per year compared to 6.0 per year in HURDAT2 less the author’s omissions. Of this total, 209 storms are completely new. A total of 90 hurricanes made landfall in the United States during this time. Seven new U.S. landfalling hurricanes are present in the new dataset but not in HURDAT2. Eight U.S. landfalling hurricanes in HURDAT2 are now considered to have only tropical storm impact or were actually extratropical at landfall. Across the North Atlantic, the number of category-4 hurricanes based on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale, compared with HURDAT2, increased from 11 to 25, 6 of which made U.S. landfall at category-4 level.
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McInnis, Jarvis C. "A Corporate Plantation Reading Public: Labor, Literacy, and Diaspora in the Global Black South". American Literature 91, n.º 3 (1 de septiembre de 2019): 523–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00029831-7722116.
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Abstract This essay reconstructs the history of the Cotton Farmer, a rare African American newspaper edited and published by black tenant farmers employed by the Delta and Pine Land Company, once the world’s largest corporate cotton plantation located in the Mississippi delta. The Cotton Farmer ran from 1919 to circa 1927 and was mainly confined to the company’s properties. However, in 1926, three copies of the paper circulated to Bocas del Toro, Panama, to a Garveyite and West Indian migrant laborer employed on the infamous United Fruit Company’s vast banana and fruit plantations. Tracing the Cotton Farmer’s hemispheric circulation from the Mississippi delta to Panama, this essay explores the intersections of labor, literacy, and diaspora in the global black south. What do we make of a reading public among black tenant farmers on a corporate cotton plantation in the Mississippi delta at the height of Jim Crow? How did the entanglements of labor and literacy at once challenge and correspond with conventional accounts of sharecropping in the Jim Crow South? Further, in light of the Cotton Farmer’s circulation from Mississippi’s cotton fields to Panama’s banana fields, this essay establishes the corporate plantation as a heuristic for exploring the imperial logics and practices tying the US South to the larger project of colonial domination in the Caribbean and Latin America, and ultimately reexamines black transnationalism and diaspora from the position of corporate plantation laborers as they negotiated ever-evolving modes of domination and social control on corporate plantations in the global black south. In so doing, it establishes black agricultural and corporate plantation laborers as architects of black geographic thought and diasporic practice alongside their urban, cosmopolitan contemporaries.
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Soto-Salgado, Marievelisse, Mariela Bournigal-Feliciano, Sandra García-Camacho, Michael A. Santiago-Marrero, Frances Aponte-Caraballo, Joel Palefsky, Jorge Salmeron y Ana Patricia Ortiz. "Abstract A084: Enrollment rates among multiple recruitment strategies for ULACNet-101, a clinical-trial aimed at preventing HPV-related cancers for people living with HIV in Puerto Rico". Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 32, n.º 12_Supplement (1 de diciembre de 2023): A084. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp23-a084.
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Abstract OBJECTIVES: Persons living with HIV (PLWH) have a higher risk of HPV-associated cancers than people without HIV; countries in Latin America and the Caribbean have an excess risk of these malignancies. The California-Mexico-Puerto Rico (CAMPO) Consortium conducts clinical trials (CTs) to prevent HPV-related cancers among PLWH in Mexico and Puerto Rico (PR). We are currently recruiting participants for ULACNet-101, a CTs under CAMPO. CTs depend primarily on the successful recruitment and retention of study participants to provide valid and reliable outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the enrollment rates of the different recruitment strategies implemented for the enrollment of PLWH (n=1,400) in ULACNet-101 in PR. METHODS: We analyzed data from the pre-screening database containing demographic and clinical characteristics, and the mode of study recruitment of interested participants in ULACNet-101 in PR. Given the ambitious sample size proposed in PR and delays in patient recruitment that have resulted from the COVID-19 pandemic, several approaches are being used for recruitment in PR, including passive (n=4) and active (n=4) strategies. Passive strategies involve (1) advertisements through printed flyers/banners, (2) TV/newspaper advertising, (3) social media promotion, and (4) word of mouth by friends/family/previous study participants. Active strategies include (1) on-site clinic promotion by research assistants, (2) outreach calls to participants of previous studies, (3) outreach activities, and (4) provider referrals. Descriptive statistics were used. RESULTS: From November 16, 2021 to June 1, 2023, 888 potential participants have been pre-screened (65% male and 35% female; mean age 51 ± 13 years), and 721 were determined to be eligible for enrollment (81.2%; 27% female and 73% male). 294 (40.8%) of eligible participants have been enrolled. Preliminary analysis shows that more potential participants pre-screened were referred due to active strategies (76.8%) versus passive strategies (23.2%). On-site promotion by research assistants has led to referrals for almost half (44.9%) of all pre-screenings. However, the highest enrollment rate among eligible participants has been for outreach calls to participants from previous studies (65.2%), word of mouth (59.0%) and social media (53.6%). CONCLUSIONS: As of today, the best recruitment strategy for ULACNet-101 in the PR site has been on-site clinic promotion by research assistants, followed by provider referrals. However, these strategies have not been the most effective at the subsequent enrollment of participants into the study. Continued monitoring of recruitment strategies will be essential to determine the best allocation of available resources and achieve recruitment goals. Moreover, this information will be used to guide the implementation of other cancer-related CTs for PLWH in PR. FUNDING: This project was funded by NCI (Grants # U54CA242646 and 3U54CA242646-04S2), and supported by NIGMS (# U54GM133807), NIMHD (# 2U54MD007587), PR-CEAL (# 10T2HL161827), and PR Outreach Program (# U54CA096297). Citation Format: Marievelisse Soto-Salgado, Mariela Bournigal-Feliciano, Sandra García-Camacho, Michael A. Santiago-Marrero, Frances Aponte-Caraballo, Joel Palefsky, Jorge Salmeron, Ana Patricia Ortiz. Enrollment rates among multiple recruitment strategies for ULACNet-101, a clinical-trial aimed at preventing HPV-related cancers for people living with HIV in Puerto Rico [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr A084.
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Cazzola, Matilde y Anselm Küsters. "Transnational Echoes of Spenceanism: A Text-Mining Exploration in English-Language Newspapers (1790–1850)". International Review of Social History, 2 de febrero de 2024, 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859024000014.
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Abstract By tracing mentions of the English radical thinker Thomas Spence (1750–1814), his revolutionary “Plan”, and his disciples (the “Spencean Philanthropists”) in digitized collections of English-language Irish, Caribbean, Indian, Australian, Canadian, and US-American newspapers in the 1790s–1840s, this article explores the dissemination of the ideas and militancy inspired by Spence (“Spenceanism”) across the British Empire and the United States. By applying Digital Humanities methods to investigate British radical history from a transnational perspective, the global reception of Spenceanism is reconstructed by examining and comparing a corpus of 275 newspaper articles through text-mining methods such as keyword analysis, co-occurrences, and sentiment analysis. These methods enable the identification of key themes in references to Spenceanism and advance hypotheses concerning both their geographical and chronological distribution: not only when and where Spence and the Spenceans were alluded to and commented upon, but also how a newspaper's geographical location may have impacted its rhetoric in a specific year and historical context. By combining quantitative and qualitative analysis, this article contributes new insights regarding the global circulation of radical ideas across the nineteenth-century English-reading world.
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Janzen, Philip. "Tensions on the Railway: West Indians, Colonial Hierarchies, and the Language of Racial Unity in West Africa". Journal of African History, 16 de noviembre de 2023, 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853723000646.
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Abstract Beginning in 1900, colonial railway departments in Sierra Leone, the Gold Coast, and Nigeria began turning to the Caribbean for skilled labor instead of hiring African workers. When West Indian railway workers began to arrive in West Africa, Africans were indignant, and they voiced their objections in newspapers. West Indians sometimes responded to these grievances with calls for racial unity, yet their appeals were inflected with colonial hierarchies. Such exchanges were centered on railway jobs, but they were also embedded in larger discussions about empire, race, and the legacies of the transatlantic slave trade. I argue that these exchanges reveal the significance of colonial hierarchies and diasporic tensions in the intellectual history of pan-Africanism in early twentieth-century West Africa. The article draws on newspapers and archival research from West Africa, the Caribbean, and the UK.
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Fricke, Felicia. "“It Is Only Bad Priests and Outlaws Who Thrive NowAdays”". New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids, 20 de septiembre de 2023, 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134360-bja10027.
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Abstract In Caribbean historiography, rumors are often associated with enslaved people and sailors; less often are they associated with elite men. This article addresses the use of rumor by elite men in the Lesser Antilles during the late 1820s, following the story of Antony O’Hannan, Roman Catholic rector of Grenada, whose relationship with his enslaved and free congregation made him dangerous to both Catholic and colonial authorities. Although the White Catholics of Grenada were often discriminated against, here they aligned with the wider Church in supporting the colonial power. Similarly, the colonial administration was willing to collaborate with Catholics, to activate an interisland rumor network that mobilized anxieties about O’Hannan’s perceived threat to White women. Using Colonial Office documents and Caribbean newspapers, this article explores microregional rumor as part of the arsenal used to maintain colonial order, and complicates the internal workings of the Catholic Church in the Caribbean.
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Géigel, Wilfredo. "Edward Bliss Emerson, the Medical Tourist". Qualitative Report, 3 de diciembre de 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2014.1243.
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Traveling for health reasons was not an unusual event for wealthy and wellto-do members of society both in North America and Europe in the early 19th century. Edward Bliss Emerson is an example of those who traveled for health reasons. Books and newspapers at that time, like today, incited the infirm to travel to far-away places where the climate and the surroundings would take care of their ills. This essay will look at medical tourism, especially in the Caribbean, as seen through the eyes of Edward Emerson.
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Spencer, Andrew J., Acolla Lewis-Cameron, Sherma Roberts, Therez B. Walker, Beienetch Watson y Larisa Monae McBean. "Post-independence challenges for Caribbean tourism development: a solution-driven approach through Agenda 2030". Tourism Review, 10 de febrero de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tr-01-2022-0049.
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Purpose This paper aims to provide a comparative analysis of sustainable tourism development across the Anglophone Caribbean region from the post-independence period of 1962 to the 2020s. The perspective explores the implications of insularity, tourism investment and the pace of technology adoption on the potential realisation of the sustainable development goals (SDGs) in the islands of Jamaica, Barbados, Trinidad and Tobago and the Eastern Caribbean States. Design/methodology/approach The viewpoint uses secondary data from grey literature such as government policy documents, academic literature, newspapers and consultancy reports to explore the central themes and provide a conceptual framework for the paper. Findings The findings reveal that Caribbean Small Island Developing States (SIDS) are nearer to the light-green single-sector approach to sustainable tourism development. The overarching findings reveal that the region’s heavy focus on economic priorities results in less attention to competitiveness challenges such as environmental management, social equity and technological innovations. Research limitations/implications The research presents a comprehensive overview of the tourism development trajectory of other tourism-dependent island-states. The research offers lessons and cross-learning opportunities that may be useful to decision-makers within SIDS. The main limitation is that the findings may only be transferable and generalised to the extent that other jurisdictions bear similar macroeconomic governance structures and cultural characteristics to Caribbean SIDS. Practical implications This paper provides a meaningful discussion and contributes to the body of knowledge on the history of Caribbean tourism development, the challenges and future potential of sustainability and lends itself to opportunities for future research in the Caribbean and other SIDS. Social implications The study outlines the social implications for inclusive, responsible and sustainable tourism that can potentially take Caribbean SIDS from slow growth to efficiency in developing the tourism product, including the technological environment. This can reduce inequalities, contribute to socio-economic development and improve the region’s human capital. Originality/value This paper provides a comprehensive comparative analysis of Caribbean tourism development specific to Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago, Barbados and the Eastern Caribbean States. No previous work has been done to compare tourism development within this grouping. Hence, this paper is essential in informing decision-makers and providing the foundation for continuing research in this area.
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Gowland, Ben. "Britain and the repression of Black Power in the 1960s and ‘70s". Race & Class, 9 de septiembre de 2022, 030639682211153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03063968221115336.
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This article details the extensive security regimes deployed against Black Power in the Caribbean that were operated by regional governments and the (neo)colonial British state. These regimes of securitisation targeted radical Black political groups and actors whose Black Power ideology placed them in an antagonistic relation to independent West Indian states and Britain. The author argues that the British state’s involvement in the suppression of Black Power in the Caribbean is inseparable from the domestic repression of the British Black Power movement. But also, shared opposition to British (neo)imperialism and the personal ties of West Indian migrants to Britain connected Black Power resistance on both sides of the Atlantic. By drawing on British Foreign & Commonwealth Office, Ministry of Defence and Cabinet Office files, as well as political newspapers and publications produced at the time, the author traces the British state’s involvement in the transnational repression of Black Power in the late 1960s and early 1970s.
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Müller, Johannes. "Globalizing the Thirty Years War: Early German Newspapers and their Geopolitical Perspective on the Atlantic World*". German History, 16 de abril de 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gerhis/ghaa018.
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Abstract At the height of the Thirty Years War, news from South America, West Africa and the Caribbean was widespread and quickly distributed in the central European peripheries of the early modern Atlantic world. Despite the German retreat from sixteenth-century colonial experiments, overseas reports sometimes appeared in remote southern German towns before they were printed in Spain or the Low Countries. This article explains the vivid German interest in Atlantic news and examines how correspondents designed their overseas reports for a specifically German news market by connecting them to the European political and military situation, using a rhetorical frame of global conflict. While the domestic importance of American news was sometimes overstated by German newsmakers, its dissemination helps us understand how a sense of global connectedness emerged in a new print genre and created a discourse that supported the spatial and temporal integration of events around the globe.
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Oxenstein, Jackelyn Friedman y Adriana Campa. "Content and quality of nutrition‐related information disseminated in the newspapers with the highest readership in Lima, Peru". FASEB Journal 31, S1 (abril de 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.31.1_supplement.956.15.
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Objectiveto analyze the content and quality of the nutrition‐related news disseminated in the newspapers with the highest readership (57%) in Lima, Peru.MethodsA descriptive, non‐experimental study was conducted using a total number of nutrition‐related news published in 210 copies (30 each) of the seven newspapers with the highest readership (57%) in Lima‐Peru between November 2013 and October 2014. Opinion columns or interviews with nutrition professionals were excluded. To analyze the characteristics of the content, the nutrition‐related news were reviewed using a checklist that included newspaper names, publication date, title, section, topic, presence and type of sources. To analyze the quality, the checklist included: presence of recommendations, and its congruency with credible sources. The 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, the 2009 Peruvian Food Composition Tables, the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics webpage, the World Health Organization's nutritional standards, the American Diabetes Association webpage, or current scientific articles published since 2012 were used to judge the quality of the recommendations. The congruency of the advice was classified as: pure congruent advice, pure incongruent advice, mixed advice, or no advice. News that included pure congruent advice, or no advice with no incorrect information, were classified as “high quality news.” All the others were classified as “low quality news.” The findings were modified by the effect of the size of the readership.ResultsContent analysis showed 61 nutrition‐related news with 59% in a “Nutrition” section, 55.7% of the news were about the benefits of consuming a specific food, 57.4% of the news did not mention a source, while only 42.6% included a source that supported the information. In the quality analysis, 47.5% of the news had pure congruent advice, 31.1% included no advice, 11.5% provided pure incongruent advice, and 9.8% had mixed advice; 72.1% of the nutrition‐related news did not include any incorrect information, 75% of the news were classified as “high quality news. However, when the percent of the high quality news was modified by the readership, only 43%, or less than half of the news, were of high quality.ConclusionsNewspapers are a major source of nutrition‐related information in Lima‐Peru, where other media is not highly accessible, and where consumers make lifestyle decisions based on what is publicly disseminated. The role of the Registered Dietitians as an expert in the development of nutrition messages for the mass media in Peru needs to be established and emphasized. This study demonstrates the importance of the synergetic work between journalists and Registered Dietitians to produce quality nutrition‐related information to be disseminated in the printed media.Support or Funding InformationLatin American & Caribbean Scholarship
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Husaini, Danladi Chiroma, Florita Bolon, Natasha Smith, Rhondine Reynolds, Shenille Humes y Verlene Cayetano. "Quality of medicines and public health in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC): a review". International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Marketing, 31 de agosto de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijphm-07-2022-0061.
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Purpose Increased outsourcing and importation of drugs from different parts of the world to the Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region result in the proliferation of substandard and fake medicines, posing a threat to public health. The presence of substandard and fake medications in LAC regions is a source of public health concern and causes an economic burden to the governments in these regions. Whereas testing and detecting medication quality can easily be achieved in developed countries, the situation is different in developing countries such as LAC. This paper aims to examine the public health challenges faced by LAC regarding substandard, fake and counterfeit medicines and how the region can tackle these challenges. Design/methodology/approach Databases such as Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Embase, HINARI, EBSCOhost, Google Scholar, unpublished data, conference abstracts and papers from World Health Organization, Pan-American Health Organization and electronic newspapers were searched concerning medicine quality and in LAC. Findings Drug treatment improves the quality of life while decreasing morbidity and mortality among diseased populations. Absence of or inadequate testing laboratories, old and ineffective legislature, lack of enforcement or willpower and lack of effective surveillance are challenges in LAC for the proliferation of substandard and falsified medicines (SFMs). Research limitations/implications The most significant limitation of this study was the need for the reviewers to have used articles written in other languages besides English. The LAC region has a large population in non-English-speaking countries, and many articles are written using local languages. Hence, excluding those articles is a limitation worthy of note in this review. The articles accessed needed to provide adequate information on SFM markets and illegal pharmacies or hospitals but did not. Future reviews may focus on providing illegal substandard and falsified medicines markets in the region and how they can be minimized or eliminated. Originality/value This review highlights the challenges faced by LAC countries regarding substandard, fake and counterfeit medicines. The sources, prevalence and consequences of substandard and falsified drugs were identified to suggest the measures needed to curb the infiltration of low-quality medicines in LAC.
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Shannon Hoctor. "THE CRIME OF DEFAMATION – STILL DEFENSIBLE IN A MODERN CONSTITUTIONAL DEMOCRACY?" Obiter 34, n.º 1 (25 de agosto de 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/obiter.v34i1.12093.
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The crime of defamation, known as criminal libel in some jurisdictions, has (along with associated “insult laws”) been identified in the 2007 Declaration of Table Mountain of the World Association of Newspapers and News Publishers as the “greatest scourge of press freedom on the continent”. The Declaration proceeds to call for the abolition of such laws as a matter of urgency. This call has similarly been made in the Caribbean context by the International Press Institute and in the Commonwealth by the Commonwealth Human Rights Initiative (CHRI). Writing on behalf of CHRI, Cowell notes the “chilling effect” of defamation laws (along with the procedural laws and regulations governing libel actions), defining this phenomenon as “partially … self-censorship on the part of individuals but in general…a wider culture of fear and uncertainty within society that limits free speech”. On this basis, Cowell argues (for CHRI) that criminal defamation represents the “clearest threat to the exercise of freedom of speech withCommonwealth states” and that the “threat of criminal sanction can act as asignificant and widespread deterrent against all freedom of speech”, and that they should therefore be repealed. Similar calls forthe abolition of criminal defamation laws have issued from the Organization of American States and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, and in response to a complaint relating to a criminal libel conviction emanating from the Philippines, the United Nations Human Rights Council stated that “States parties should consider the decriminalization of defamation … application of the criminal law [in the context of defamation] should only be countenanced in the most serious of cases and imprisonment is never an appropriate remedy”.Despite these calls for the abolition of the crime, it is noteworthy that the crime is retained in many jurisdictions, including European jurisdictions and Commonwealth countries. For example, every Commonwealth state in the English-speaking Caribbean (except Grenada) has specific criminal libel laws, Asian Commonwealth countries such as India, Singapore and Malaysia have corresponding criminaldefamation provisions, and so do African Commonwealth countries such as Botswana and South Africa. In addition, Commonwealth members such as Australia and Canada retain criminal defamation laws. An approach from the Commonwealth Press Union arguing for the abolition of the crime of defamation on the basis that such a crime threatens freedom of expression and is subject to abuse, being used in cases which do not involve the public interest, did not find favour with the Commonwealth Law ministers in their meeting in Accra in 2005.
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Deuber, Dagmar, Stephanie Hackert, Eva Canan Hänsel, Alexander Laube, Mahyar Hejrani y Catherine Laliberté. "The Norm Orientation of English in the Caribbean". American Speech, 24 de marzo de 2021, 1–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00031283-8791736.
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This study examines newspaper writing from ten Caribbean countries as a window on the norm orientation of English in the region. English in the former British colonies of the Caribbean has been assumed to be especially prone to postcolonial linguistic Americanization, on account of not just recent global phenomena such as mass tourism and media exposure but also long-standing personal and sociocultural links. We present a quantitative investigation of variable features comparing our Caribbean results not just to American and British reference corpora but also to newspaper collections from India and Nigeria as representatives of non-Caribbean New Englishes. The amount of American features employed varies by type of feature and country. In all Caribbean corpora, they are more prevalent in the lexicon than in spelling. With regard to grammar, an orientation toward a singular norm cannot be deduced from the data. While Caribbean journalists do partake in worldwide American-led changes such as colloquialization, as evident in the occurrence of contractions or the tendency to prefer that over which, the frequencies with which they do so align neither with American English nor with British English but often resemble those found in the Indian and Nigerian corpora. Contemporary Caribbean newspaper writing, thus, neither follows traditional British norms, nor is it characterized by massive linguistic Americanization; rather, there appears to be a certain conservatism common to New Englishes generally. We discuss these results in light of new considerations on normativity in English in the 21st century.