Tesis sobre el tema "Carcinomes épidermoïdes de la tête et du cou"
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Lailler, Claire. "Biomarqueurs du microenvironnement tumoral pour la stratification thérapeutique des cancers tête et cou". Thesis, Amiens, 2021. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03881131.
Texto completoHead and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas (HNSCC) were the seventh most frequent tumors worldwide in 2020. Although therapeutic perspectives have evolved favorably over the last ten years, the search for useful biomarkers for therapeutic stratification remains a major challenge for these tumors. In addition, the induction of antitumor adaptive immunity seems to be an increasingly important mechanism for the efficacy of approved therapies in HNSCC. In this perspective, the study of the interactions between tumor cells and immune cells of the tumor microenvironment (TM) is essential. Several anticancer therapies have been reported for the induction of tumor cell death by ferroptosis, an iron-dependent regulated necrosis that occurs during unresolved oxidative stress in the cell. In the first part of our work we focused on the possibility of exploiting ferroptosis in Human Papillomavirus positive HNSCC (HPV+ve HNSCC), which usually show higher oxidative stress than HPV negative HNSCC (HPV-ve HNSCC). Using in silico analyses, we observed low expression of SLC7A11, an essential transporter in the cell for the synthesis of glutathione, an inhibitor of oxidative stress, in HPV+ve HNSCC compared to HPV-ve HNSCC. In vitro, HNSCC cell lines expressing HPV E6/E7 transforming proteins showed higher sensitivity to erastin-induced ferroptosis compared to their parental cell lines. In the second part of our work, we studied the regulation of PD-L1 (Programmed Death-Ligand 1) expression by different approved therapies in HNSCC. The expression of PD-L1 by tumor and inflammatory cells of the TM is indeed partly responsible for the frequent inactivation of cytotoxic T cells of the TM, and thus represents an obstacle for the induction of antitumor adaptive immunity. We observed a specific regulation of PD-L1 by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) that was dependent on the DNA damage response and the JAK / STAT pathway
Thibaudeau, Chloé. "Thérapie photodynamique pour le traitement des carcinomes épidermoïdes de la tête et du cou : étude des mécanismes moléculaires de photosensibilisants à base de ruthénium". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAJ035.
Texto completoHead and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) are frequent cancers with a poor prognosis, and a 5-year overall survival below 50%. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a therapeutic alternative involving the systemic injection of a photosensitizer (PS) whose toxicity is locally activated by tumor illumination. Through the study of two ruthenium-based PS (Ru1 and Ru2), we have demonstrated the in vitro anti-tumor efficacy of these two PS in HNSCC cell lines, with IC50 < 1µM after light activation. Our results show that Ru1 and Ru2 are both capable of inducing markers of autophagy, ferroptosis and immunogenic cell death in vitro. However, whereas Ru1 appears to induce a tolerogenic, caspase-7-dependent apoptosis correlated with the induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress, Ru2 appears to induce little or none of these mechanisms but induces immunogenicity in vivo. Taken together, our results highlight the complexity of the mechanisms involved in the phototoxicity of these PS and the need for further analysis before their transfer to the clinic
Hoffmann, Caroline. "Dendritic Cells in Head and Neck Cancer Microenvironment : From Mechanisms to Biomarkers". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS308/document.
Texto completoThe objective of the thesis was to decipher the molecular state of tumor infiltrating dendritic cell (DC) and their relation to the tumor microenvironment. By combining the analysis of human tumor samples by flow cytometry and RNA sequencing, of tumor secretome and of a large dataset of in vitro DC-Tcell interactions I obtained 2 main findings. First, we reported a novel classification of human activated DC, that are either “secretory” that is specialized in secreting cytokines and chemokines, or “helper” that is specialized at inducing the secretion of a broad range of T helper cytokines after cell co-culture. DC infiltrating inflamed human head and neck cancer matched the “secretory” phenotypic and transcriptomic signatures. Beyond this novel biological concept, this classification is of importance as a theoretical basis for adjuvant-based immunotherapy. Secondly, we showed that tumor inflammation was not the main prognostic factor for oral cavity cancer (OCC) patients, but that MMP2 and the presence of extra-nodal extension were independent predictors of reduced disease-specific survival. We could stratify OCC into 4 prognostic groups and showed that they had similar expected rates of response to immunotherapy. Our data may serve to design a biomarker-driven clinical trial proposing neoadjuvant chemotherapy or immunotherapy to high-risk patients, with the goal of reducing the percentage of OCC patients that will present with early and severe recurrences
Kužet, Sanya-Eduarda. "Étude du rôle de la rigidité matricielle dans la résistance des cellules de carcinomes squameux aux thérapies anti-cancéreuses". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AZUR4010.
Texto completoResistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) targeted therapy triggered by the tumor niche in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) represents a challenge in research and in clinics. Despite the fact that over 15% of HNSCC overexpress EGFR, HNSCC are refractory to EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) targeted therapy and yet the molecular and cellular mechanisms of EGFR-TKIs resistance in HNSCC are unknown. The tumor niche plays an important role in conventional chemotherapeutic resistance. Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs), the most prominent stromal cell in tumor niche, participate in this process. Notably, CAFs are responsible for tumor tissue fibrosis an excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling that increases matrix stiffness. In carcinoma cells, adhesion to stiff substrate triggers mechano-dependent intracellular signaling pathways that favor tumor resistance to conventional chemotherapies. My work demonstrates that ECM stiffening is responsible for a significant increase of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) survival upon the treatment with EGFR TKIs, conventional chemotherapies and combination of both. Over 60% more cells survive treatment with the gefitinib EGFR TKI compared to cells plated on soft matrix. Same effect was observed on matrix derived from CAFs that is known to be stiffer compared to the one derived from fibroblasts isolated from normal skin. Further analysis revealed an induction of partial epidermal-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cells plated on rigid matrices. EMT is know to play a role in resistance of cancer cells to treatments, and I have demonstrated that downregulation of know transcriptional factors involved in EMT leads to an increase of cell susceptibility to EGFR TKI when plated on stiff matrix. To understand in more detail what drives the resistance of SCC cells when plated on stiff we conduced an RNA sequencing. RNA sequencing of SCC12 cells plated on soft and stiff matrix revealed AXL as main driver of EGFR TKI resistance in HNSCC. I was able to demonstrated that inhibiting AXL in SCC cells, lying on stiff matrices, reverts the EGFR TKI resistance triggered by the tumor niche. Moreover, I show in 3D cell culture the importance of combining AXL and EGFR TKI in treatment of SCCs. Our overall goal was to identify novel therapeutic targets with reduced resistance opportunity. Finally, research presented in this manuscript carries potential in establishing a prediction biomarker to the response of HNSCCs and other cancers to EGFR TKIs
Dolivet, Gilles. "Connaissance de la carcinogenèse des carcinomes de la tête et du cou : intérêt du transfert du gène de la protéine P53 dans les carcinomes épidermoi͏̈des de la tête et du cou par vecteurs synthétiques dérivés de la polyéthylénimine : études pré-cliniques in vitro et in vivo". Nancy 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NAN11317.
Texto completoMriouah, Jihane. "Etude de l'impact de la perte d'expression de PTEN sur la réponse au cetuximab et l'induction de l'angiogenèse par un modèle cellulaire de carcinome épidermoïde de la tête et du cou". Thesis, Nancy 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NAN10099/document.
Texto completoCetuximab has been recently accepted as a single agent to treat recurrent and/or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. However, modest efficacy of cetuximab used as a single agent has been reported on primary tumor. In many tumor types, loss of PTEN expression has been described to be associated to resistance to anti-EGFR therapies. Loss of PTEN expression is a frequent event in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.This study is the first one to directly investigate the role of PTEN loss of expression in response of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma to cetuximab. PTEN-deficient cellular model shows that loss of PTEN expression leads to an overactivation of the signaling pathways ruling cell survival and proliferation but do not impact on cetuximab efficacy. According to our data, Cal 27 cells growth rather depends on PI3K/AKT activation than on EGFR.Observation of angiogenesis, using an aortic ring assay cultured in conditioned media, shows that endothelial sprouting is not dependent on VEGF. PTEN silencing in Cal 27 cells induces anti-angiogenic TSP1 and IGFBP 3 levels in the conditioned medium and reduces the sprouting induction ability by Cal 27 cells.Finally, it is likely that loss of PTEN expression is not a key event in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma tumorigenesis, but might be determinant when occurring as a late event. Taken together, our data suggest that loss of PTEN expression could be involved in initiating metastasis process in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas
NDoye, Alioune. "Transfert du gène d'intérêt thérapeutique p53 par internalisation photochimique de complexes p53/polyethylenimine : applications pour le traitement des cancers épidermoïdes de la tête et du cou". Nancy 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NAN11307.
Texto completoPointreau, Yoann. "Etude des sources de variabilité de l'efficacité et des effets indésirables du cetuximab chez les patients traités pour un carcinome épidermoïde de la tête et du cou". Thesis, Tours, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOUR3311/document.
Texto completoCetuximab (CTX) is an anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody approved in head and neck cancer, which prescription modalities may be improved. After induction chemotherapy (Tremplin study), compared to cisplatin, CTX was less toxic but did not improve larynx preservation. During first infusion, CTX can induce an anaphylaxis reaction due to the presence of preexisting anti-αGal IgE. Predictive assays detecting these IgE were developed and tested in 41 patients, with sensitivity and negative predictive values of 100%. Relationship between serum concentrations and efficacy/toxicity was studied in 34 patients. CTX pharmacokinetics was described using a model combining non-saturable (CL) and saturable (k0) eliminations. Global clearance, which reflects patient exposure, was related to progression free and overall (OS) survivals. Severe radiation dermatitis was also associated with OS. A pharmacokinetic simulation suggests that, in comparison to standard CTX infusion, an infusion every three weeks will lead to similar AUC but to different residual concentrations
Lallemant, Benjamin. "Etude de modifications transcriptionnelles dans les carcinomes des voies aéro-digestives supérieures". Montpellier 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON1T033.
Texto completoHead and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) prognosis is globally poor. The development of new tools for the management of this disease is urgent. Gene expression profiling is a promising biologiCai approach that has been extensively used in cancer research. Examples include elucidating the biological mechanisms involved in tumorigenesis and metastatic progression, identifying potential biological targets for the development of new drugs, identifying biological pathways involved in tumour resistance to chemotherapy or radiotherapy and improving tumour staging and patient outcome prediction. With gene expression profiling, it is possible to observe and quantify gene expression deregulation in tumour cells or their surrounding environment. Two technologies are currently used: DNA microarrays and RT-qPCR. Based on a comprehensive review of the literature and original researches this work presents an updated state of the art of the potential clinical applications of gene expression profiling in the field of HNSCC. In the study "Clinical relevance of nine transcriptiory!al molecular markers for the diagnosis of head and neck squamouscell carcinoma in tissue and saliva rinse" we found that ILIRN, MAL and 11MPI are prospective tumor diagnostic markers for HNSCC. :M1vfPl overexpression is the most promising marker, and its detection could help identify tumor cells in tissue or saliva. In the study "Reference gene selection for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma gene expression studies" we found that in HNSCC and/or normal mucosa, the four best normalizat!on genes were ALAS, GAPDH, RPS18 and SHAD and the most stable combination of two genes was GAPDH-SHAD. We recommend using KALPHA-TBP for the study of Tl-T2 tumors, RPL27 -SHAD for T3-T4 tumors, KALPHA-SHAD for NO tumors, and ALAS-TBP for N+ tumors
Bertrand, Gérald. "Caractérisation et ciblage thérapeutique d'une sous-population de cellules souches cancéreuses dans un modèle cellulaire de carcinome épidermoïde de la tête et du cou résistant à l'irradiation par photon et ions carbone". Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10118/document.
Texto completoHead and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) have a poor prognosis, due to their resistance to standard treatments. In most cases, locoregional recurrence or metastases occur. This study has focused on the role of cancer stem cells (CSC) in the radioresistance of the SQ20B HNSCC cell line and their therapeutic targeting in association with photon or carbon ions irradiation. A subpopulation of SQ20B-CSC has been isolated by cell sorting based on 3 specific characteristics of HNSCC-CSC : Hoechst 33342 exclusion, CD44 expression and high aldehyde dehydrogenase activity (ALDH). SQ20B/SP/CD44high/ALDHhigh cells show the CSC characteristics (in vitro and in vivo tumorigenesis, high radioresistance). The response of CSC to both types of irradiation was compared to the non-“stem cells” SQ20B/SP/CD44low sub-population. The observed radioresistance involves a decrease in apoptotic cell death, an increase in proliferative capacities and an overexpression of the Bmi1 self-renewing signaling pathway. The radiosensitizing effects of 3 molecules targeting the CSC has been demonstrated : an induction of apoptotic cell death by the inhibition of the G2/M phase arrest after a treatment with UCN01 ; an inhibition of proliferative capacities using the all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) which induce their differentiation ; and an inhibition of Bmi1 by artesunate. These treatments, alone or in combination (UCN01+ATRA) have a synergistic effect with photon or carbon ion irradiation to overcome CSC radioresistance. Preclinical and clinical studies should confirm the benefit of targeting CSC and improve the control of tumor escape in patients with radioresistant HNSCC cancers
Hadchity, Élie. "Développement d'une stratégie de radiosensibilisation par inhibition de l'expression de la proteine de choc thermique HSP27 dans un modèle cellulaire et préclinique de carcinome épidermoÏde de la tête et du cou". Lyon 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO10014.
Texto completoThe overexpression of heat shock protein HSP27, observed in many types of cancers, is associated with tumor aggressiveness and thus poor prognosis. HSP27 presents a key role in tumorigenesis and, by interfering at different stages of the apoptotic process, is also involved in the resistance to anti-cancer treatments. Inhibition of its expression in combination with radiation treatment represents a potential therapeutic strategy. In the radioresistant SQ20B head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell line, we showed that the inhibition of HSP27 expression by antisense or RNA interference led to a sensitization of cells to gamma-irradiation. The mechanisms involved the activation of apoptotic and clonogenic cell death and the inhibition of the Akt survival pathway. Sensitization to irradiation was confirmed in two other radioresistant tumor cell lines, PC3 (prostate cancer) and U87 (glioblastoma). The preclinical validation of this new strategy has been carried out on nude mice bearing heterotopic xenografts of SQ20B cells. The intra-peritoneal injection of OGX-427 (antisense oligonucleotide targeting HSP27) combined with local tumor irradiation induced a significant decrease of tumor evolution, proportional to radiation dose (10 or 30 Gy), and enhanced the mice survival. Histological studies showed a high induction of apoptosis associated with a decrease of intratumoral glutathione levels as well as of angiogenesis. Treatment with OGX427, alone or combined with radiation, showed no apparent toxicity or damage of vital organs. These results suggest that HSP27 therapy may represent a potential adjuvant in the treatment of HNSCC cancers and other radioresistant tumors
Didelot, Céline. "Arrêts du cycle cellulaire et induction d'apoptose pour les lignées de carcinome humain de la tête et du cou HPV-18 positives, après exposition au 5-fluorouracile et aux radiations ionisantes : implication de NF-kB dans la radiosensibilité et l'apoptose spontanée". Nancy 1, 2002. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2002_0316_DIDELOT.pdf.
Texto completoVaroquaux, Arthur Damien. "Evaluation clinique et expérimentale des nouvelles modalités d'imagerie dans la prise en charge des néoplasies ORL notamment par la TEP/IRM". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM5058.
Texto completoMultiparametric imaging interest and clinical use is rising for head and neck carcinoma (HNC). Among these modalities, FDG in PET and DWI-MRI are the most studied. PET/MRI is a new modality that allows in a single examination of combined various biologic biomarkers.After an optimization process of PET/MRI, we applied our first experience concerning the aspects of DWI-MRI and PET-MRI after radiation therapy. Thereafter we studied the correlation of SUV and ADC in HNC. In this study SUV and ADC values were independent parameters in HNSCC. Measurements of these two biomarkers were reproducible with almost perfect observer agreements for both methods. Neither SUV nor ADC values were able to predict the histologic grade, although a trend towards higher SUV and lower ADC values was observed in poorly differentiated tumours. Secondly, we we studied detection and quantification of focal uptake in head and neck tumours: 18F-FDG PET/MRI versus PET/CT in 32 consecutive HNSCC who underwent 18F-FDG PET/MRI and PET/CT. Attenuation correction sequence for PET/MRI and CT for PET/CT were used to caculate SUV. In results, PET/MRI coregistration and image fusion was feasible in all patients. There was no statistically significant difference between PET/MRI and PET/CT regarding rating scores for image quality, fusion quality, lesion conspicuity or anatomic location, number of detected lesions and number of patients with and without malignant lesions. A high correlation was observed for SUV measured on PET/MRI and PET/CT. SUV measured on PET/MRI were significantly lower than on PET/CT for malignant tumours, metastatic neck nodes, benign lesions, bone marrow, and liver (p <0.05)
Atallah, Marie-Renée. "Impact du statut nutritionnel sur la qualité de vie des patients atteints de carcinomes épidermoïdes de la tête et du cou". Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/22304.
Texto completoAbboud, Olivier-Michel. "Rôles de K-RAS et de ERCC1 dans le traitement des carcinomes épidermoïdes avancés de la tête et du cou traités par chimioradiothérapie concomitante". Thèse, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/9178.
Texto completoBackground: RAS gene mutations have been shown to occur in certain malignancies and have an impact treatment response and overall prognosis. Excision repair cross- complementation group 1 (ERCC1) is a gene implicated in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) repair, whose polymorphism at codon 118 has been linked to treatment response. Studies of these two genes in head and neck oncology literature have shown inconsistent results. Objectives: Determine the influence of K-RAS mutations (codons 12 and 13) and the polymorphism of ERCC1 codon 118 in patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer treated with concomitant platinum-based chemoradiation therapy. Methods: DNA extraction from paraffin-embedded biopsy specimens of patients with advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated with concomitant chemoradiation and followed prospectively for at least two years. Identification of K- RAS mutations (codons 12 and 13) and ERCC1 codon 118 polymorphism in the extracted DNA. Correlation of these markers with treatment response. Results: K-RAS codon 12 mutations were associated with a worse locoregional control than tumors without any mutations (32% vs 83% p=0.03); however, mutational status did not influence overall survival. No K-RAS codon 13 mutation was identified in our specimens. The different ERCC1 polymorphisms did not have an impact on treatment response. Conclusion: K-RAS mutational status (codon 12 and 13) and ERCC1 codon 118 polymorphism does not seem to discriminate between patients for whom another treatment option should be sought in patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.