Tesis sobre el tema "Canon à air comprimé"
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Soufri, Ayoub. "Multi-impact behavior of composite structures : experimental and numerical approach". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UBFCK038.
Texto completoComposite materials are widely used in the transportation field due to their high specific mechanical properties. However, during their life cycle, they can undergo significant degradation of their mechanical properties when subjected to impact loading. Impact-induced damage occurs in various forms, such as fiber breakage, matrix cracking, fiber/matrix decohesion and delamination. The study of the impact behavior of composite structures has attracted considerable attention in the literature. However, these studies generally relate to the case of a single impact or repeated impacts. Few studies have focused on the case of multiple impacts, even though these are closer to actual service conditions, as in the case of falling hailstones or the projection of external objects such as road gravels, bird strikes, etc. In this thesis, we present robust experimental and numerical methods for in-situ and post-mortem monitoring of damage following the various possible impact cases: single-impact, repeated, sequential, simultaneous impacts, etc. The first phase of the project involved the development of a unique "compressed air cannon" test bench. Then, a dialogue (experimental tests-numerical computations) was ensured to better understand the phenomena involved in multi-impact cases, to finally reach the maximum performance of composite materials
El, Murr Anis. "Etude du revêtement des cavités minées dans un stockage adiabatique d'air comprimé". Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENMP0065.
Texto completoEnergy storage is a major challenge to ensure the safety of electrical networks and to promote the development of renewable energies. Veritable alternative to Pumped Storage Hydropower (PSH), the energy storage using compressed air (for CAES Compressed Air Energy Storage) is one of the most interesting technologies. In conventional systems currently in use, the compression energy is lost and the air is preheated during the expansion phase. This results in emission of CO2 and a low efficiency of about 50%. The AA-CAES (Advanced Adiabatic Compressed Air Energy Storage) aims to overcome these two drawbacks by storing the heat of compression in a thermal regenerator and restoring it before expansion in the turbine. Given the high thermal, mechanical and cyclic loading subject to the regenerator, the design of a lining capable of ensuring stability, insulation and sealing is a main issue of the system. This crucial point is the main axis around which this research is articulated. A laboratory testing campaign has been conducted to study the thermal, mechanical and hydraulic behavior of all materials involved in the underground regenerator excavated in a crystalline rock. For the humid air, whose thermodynamic behavior is not well studied within the range of the high foreseen temperatures and pressures, a new theoretical model was developed. In the same way, a thermo-hydro-mechanical model was developed for a deformable porous medium saturated with a compressible fluid. The implementation of this last model into a finite element numerical code was used to examine several lining configurations and to study the effect of coupling mechanisms on the temperature field and the mechanical stability. To validate the developments made and the proposed lining solutions, a prototype of a small scale regenerator combining temperature and pressure was built in the LITEN laboratory of CEA in Grenoble. The results of the conducted experiments and modeling revealed the importance of the convection phenomenon in the insulating bricks of the lining and the need to seal the system before thermal insulation
Terdjman, Muriel. "Etude de la contamination microbiologique de l'air comprimé à usage médical obtenu à partir d'une centrale de production". Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05P202.
Texto completoEl, Murr Anis. "Etude du revêtement des cavités minées dans un stockage adiabatique d'air comprimé". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENMP, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENMP0065.
Texto completoEnergy storage is a major challenge to ensure the safety of electrical networks and to promote the development of renewable energies. Veritable alternative to Pumped Storage Hydropower (PSH), the energy storage using compressed air (for CAES Compressed Air Energy Storage) is one of the most interesting technologies. In conventional systems currently in use, the compression energy is lost and the air is preheated during the expansion phase. This results in emission of CO2 and a low efficiency of about 50%. The AA-CAES (Advanced Adiabatic Compressed Air Energy Storage) aims to overcome these two drawbacks by storing the heat of compression in a thermal regenerator and restoring it before expansion in the turbine. Given the high thermal, mechanical and cyclic loading subject to the regenerator, the design of a lining capable of ensuring stability, insulation and sealing is a main issue of the system. This crucial point is the main axis around which this research is articulated. A laboratory testing campaign has been conducted to study the thermal, mechanical and hydraulic behavior of all materials involved in the underground regenerator excavated in a crystalline rock. For the humid air, whose thermodynamic behavior is not well studied within the range of the high foreseen temperatures and pressures, a new theoretical model was developed. In the same way, a thermo-hydro-mechanical model was developed for a deformable porous medium saturated with a compressible fluid. The implementation of this last model into a finite element numerical code was used to examine several lining configurations and to study the effect of coupling mechanisms on the temperature field and the mechanical stability. To validate the developments made and the proposed lining solutions, a prototype of a small scale regenerator combining temperature and pressure was built in the LITEN laboratory of CEA in Grenoble. The results of the conducted experiments and modeling revealed the importance of the convection phenomenon in the insulating bricks of the lining and the need to seal the system before thermal insulation
Maisonnave, Océane. "Contrôle et optimisation énergétique d’une chaîne multimachines multi-pompes à vitesse variable pour le stockage d’énergie par air comprimé". Thesis, Nantes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NANT4070.
Texto completoAs part of the development of a compressed air energy storage system, the proposed study deals with the control and the energy optimization of a reverse multielectrical machines and multi-pumps system in order to maximize the efficiency. The pumping system is identified as the most influential element towards energy performances. A variable speed control structure is proposed and allows constraining the pump working in dynamic mode closed to the best efficiency points, called Best Efficiency Points. The control laws subject the electromechanical conversion to a cyclic and transient operation. A method for sizing the electrical machines by minimizing the losses of the {converter - PMSM } system over an operating cycle is proposed. The implementation of a simulation as well as an experimental test bench allows the study of the performance of the cyclic speed control of a conversion module. Finally, the study of the electrical interconnection of the modules between them is proposed for the development of the complete conversion platform. The purpose consists in smoothing the power fluctuations on the intermediary connection with a DC bus
Rouvreau, Laurent. "Contribution à l'étude des effets du creusement sous air comprimé en terrain meuble et aquifère". Bordeaux 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR10608.
Texto completoMazloum, Youssef. "Modélisation dynamique et optimisation des systèmes de stockage d'énergie par air comprimé fonctionnant à pression fixe". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLEM076.
Texto completoThe contribution of the renewable energy sources in the electricity generation mix is greatly increasing. Thereby, the integration of the energy storage technologies into the electrical grid is becoming crucial to reduce the drawbacks of the renewable energy sources. Then, the objective of this thesis is to evaluate the cost-effectiveness, to optimize and to study the transient behavior of a novel isobaric adiabatic compressed air energy storage (IA-CAES) system. This plant is characterized by the recovery of the compression heat and the storage of the compressed air under fixed pressure in hydro-pneumatic tanks. These allow improving the efficiency and the energy density of the storage system and avoiding the use of fossil fuel sources.Firstly, a steady state model is developed to perform energy and exergy analyses of the IA-CAES system. An exergoeconomic model is also carried out in order to optimize the cost-effectiveness of the storage system by using a genetic algorithm. So, an objective function, which includes the investment cost and the operating cost, is defined to be minimized. The system efficiency is 55.1% in the base case, it is improved to 56.6% after optimization with a decrease in the capital investment by 5.6%.Secondly, a dynamic model is developed to study the flexibility of the storage system and its ability to meet the electrical grid requirements (primary and secondary reserves) by evaluating the duration of the transient states. The results show that the storage system needs more than 2 min before being able to consume all the excess energy available on the electrical grid and more than 5 min before being able to produce all the energy required by the electrical grid. Suggestions are analyzed to improve the flexibility of the storage system such as the operation of the storage system in standby mode with low speeds. It allows reducing the energy losses by 68% during the storage mode and by 27% during the production mode compared to the standby mode in nominal speeds
Atassi, Nidal. "Analyse physique du comportement instationnaire d'un jet turbulent : jet rond soumis à une brusque chute de vitesse à l'éjection". Toulouse, INPT, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPT088H.
Texto completoSimpore, Sidiki. "Modélisation, simulation et optimisation d'un système de stockage à air comprimé couplé à un bâtiment et à une production photovoltaïque". Thesis, La Réunion, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LARE0039/document.
Texto completoDue to the variability and intermittency of renewable energy such as solar technology, its large-scale integration into the micro-grid of energy production remains complicated because the large-scale photovoltaic power plants directly connected to the electricity grid may create instabilities. In addition, this variability of the solar resource does not allow the use of photovoltaics for the stand-alone system. Dealing with these issues, one of the solutions for a deployment of renewables such as photovoltaic is the set-up of energy storage inside the grid. However, the most common technique is based on the use of lithium-ion batteries, which remains not environmentally friendly during the recycling or during the destruction after their use. So, the Compressed Air Energy Storage system (CAES) appears as a solution to this disadvantage. In fact, my thesis aims to study the feasibility of this kind of energy storage technology using a small and medium photovoltaic power plant, and its instant operation to supply electricity to the buildings and the unconnected areas. In this thesis, we present the modeling, simulation, and optimization of a ten-kilowatt compressed air storage system designed to supply instantly a building with real loads. The model performed reflects the dynamic operation of the overall system consisting of the building, the photovoltaic field, the electrical grid, and the compressed air storage module. The optimization carried out allows the sizing of a compressed air storage system with a better efficiency (about 55%). The integration of a heat recovery unit equipped with electrical resistance and the adding of a variable speed compression module allow the building to reach the energy autonomy as a battery system for a standalone site
Burtin, Christian. "Comportement au choc de structures tubulaires en matériaux composites". Lyon, INSA, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ISAL0001.
Texto completoVasile, Iulian. "Etude théorique et expérimentale d'un moteur hybride thermo-pneumatique". Orléans, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ORLE2031.
Texto completoBenchabane, Saïd. "Détermination des coefficients de débit pneumatiques par vidange ou remplissage de réservoir". Compiègne, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994COMPD685.
Texto completoGarnier, Francis. "Etude et conception d'un préhenseur pneumatique à sens tactile multidirectionnel et commande proportionnelle intégrée". Toulouse, INSA, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ISAT0041.
Texto completoGuewouo, Thomas. "Système Intégré et Multi-Fonctionnel de Stockage Electrique-Thermique avec l’Option de Tri-Génération". Thesis, Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NANT4009/document.
Texto completoTo address climate change, the transition to a decarbonized energy system is self-evident. The renewable energy sources to support this energy transition are intermittent. Therefore, they should be coupled at an electrical storage system to ensure the reliability of power system using same. Compressed air energy storage (CAES) happens to be one of these technologies of energy storage. Unfortunately, in its current configuration, CAES requires the combustion of natural gas during the discharging periods to improve the global energy efficiency of system. This work contributes to the reduction of the environmental footprint of compressed air energy storage by proposing a small-scale CAES using no fossil fuel energy source. Initially, a careful thermodynamic modeling of such a storage system is made according to the types of components chosen and to their thermal behavior (adiabatic or polytropic). Subsequently, for demonstrating its feasibility, a comprehensive experimental investigation was performed on experimental prototype existing in our lab. The very low experimental conversion efficiency obtained (4%) although confirming the technical feasibility, it has suggested that the proposed storage system should be optimized. A modified real coded genetic algorithm to stabilize and accelerate its convergence is documented here and used to identify a set of thirteen parameters who maximize the global exergy efficiency of proposed electric energy storage system. The result of the optimization indicates that in the optimum operating point, the electrical efficiency of storage system is about 20% for a round trip efficiency of 75%
Dib, Ghady. "Thermodynamic simulation of compressed air energy storage systems". Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEI092.
Texto completoIn the context of developing renewable energies, storing energy improves energy efficiency and promotes the insertion of intermittent renewable energies. It consists of accumulating energy for later use in a place that may be the same or different from the place of production. Converting electrical energy to high-pressure air seems a promising solution in the energy storage field: it is characterized by a high reliability, low environmental impact and a remarkable stored energy density (kWh/m3). Currently, many researchers are focusing on developing small scale of the compressed air energy storage system (CAES) coupled to a building applications based on the work done for multiple large scale CAES systems installed in the world. A global numerical model of trigeneration CAES system coupled to a building model and renewable energy modules was developed in order to analyze the CAES system behavior responding to electrical, hot and cold energy building demand. Different energy scenarios (autonomous and connected to the grid modes), geographical locations and building typologies were proposed and analyzed. The CAES numerical model development is based on solving energy and heat transfer equations for each system component (compressor/expander, heat exchanger, high pressure air reservoir, thermal water storage tank). Adiabatic compressor and expander were firstly selected to investigate the trigeneration advanced adiabatic compressed air energy system (AA-CAES) coupled to the building and to grids with the different scenarios described above. Similar to adiabatic components, quasi-isothermal compressor and expander developed by LightSail Energy and Enairys Powertech were also analyzed by solving the energy and heat transfer equations for each phase of the compression and expansion processes. These analytical models allowed us to have a better understanding of these technologies operations and to have several orders of magnitudes of different physical parameters. I-CAES and AA-CAES were also compared from a financial point of view based on compressed air market analysis. Three different prototypes were studied: Two AA-CAES systems (ideal and virtual (some of which are based on commercial units found in the compressed air market)) and one I-CAES system (based on LightSail Energy CAES prototype)
Meddahi, Farouq. "Contribution à la modélisation temps-réel de la chaîne d’air dédiée à l’estimation du remplissage". Thesis, Orléans, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ORLE2078/document.
Texto completoGas dynamics impact on air system dynamics and hence on combustion products, i.e. emissions, has imposed itself strongly due to the dynamics content in new test drive cycles such as the WLTC. This makes current real-time 0D models less reliable as they rely on stationary measured look up tables. In addition, wave phenomena and gas inertial effects are inherently neglected. This makes the estimation of the flow into and from the cylinder inaccurate. A methodology to efficiently reproduce wave effects along the internal combustion engine ducts was presented in this work. The idea relies on combining both lumped parameter and quasi-one-dimensional models. This combination gives the possibility to take inertial effects of gas dynamics while avoiding the heavy computational cost of the 1D modeling approach. The first part investigated one-dimensional numerical schemes, with the aim of evaluating them with respect to real-time applications and defining a good reference for further numerical validations for the low order models. The Quasi-Propagatory model was the best candidate to model waves with less computational power. To have a proper boost pressure estimation, more focus was on the compressor. A physics based model was presented based on [55]. Results have also shown a better interpretation and extrapolation ability. Finally, the developments have been validated experimentally using the complete engine operation map
Ciocan, Alexandru. "Contributions aux systèmes de stockage d’énergie en utilisant des systèmes hybrides à partir de sources d’énergie alternatives". Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017IMTA0028/document.
Texto completoThe thesis entitled «Contributions to energy storage using hybrid systems from alternative energy sources» proposes a study of the energy storage technologies knowing the fact that these are considered one of the options that can facilitate a high penetration of renewable sources. In this context, the presented work aims to understand challenges in terms of energy storage and to develop a general studying model using compressed air as an energy storage medium.The thesis is structured in ten chapters from which the first four are dedicated to the presentation of the renewable energy sources potential, to the energy sector evolution in the last decades and to the energy storage technologies, especially in the form of compressed air. The other six chapters are dealing with the theoretical thermodynamic calculations as far as that goes in investigating the performances of a hybrid energy storage system and presenting a mathematical model containing the steps taken into account in the renewable energy conversion into mechanical energy, stored in a form of compressed air and later reconverted into electricity. In addition these chapters present experimental data obtained on a laboratory installation which helped in validating the theoretical results obtained following a Matlab simulation, and finally a case study for a small scale application, 30 kWh of energy stored, where is aiming to find an optimal configuration of the whole system in terms of air working pressure, being analyzed from two points of view, technical and economic. The thesis ends with a chapter of general conclusions and indicates that there are still challenges that must be overcome in order to make the energy storage in a form of compressed air a feasible solution from an economic perspective
Neu, Thibault. "Etude expérimentale et modélisation de la compression quasi isotherme d’air pour le stockage d’énergie en mer". Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017IMTA0021/document.
Texto completoEnergy storage by compressed air would be one of the required technologies for enabling massive use of intermittent solar or wind renewable energy sources. Air compression using a liquid piston enables an increase in the energy storage efficiency by inducing an intense heat exchange in the compression chamber. Few studies reported in the literature have focused on the description and evaluation of the convective heat exchange for a low ratio compression chamber (L/D). Using an experimental study and two test benches, the internal convective heat transfer during compression has been studied. In addition to measuring liquid piston position and air pressure, an inverse method was used to determine the instantaneous parietal convective heat flow during compression. After highlighting the presence of a systematic transition from laminar to turbulent convective regime in the compressed air, new convective heat transfer correlations were sought. On the basis of 73 experiments, several correlation forms based on dimensionless numbers were optimized and compared. Two new Nusselt number correlations, one for laminar and the other for turbulent flow, were then selected. A 1D thermodynamic transient model of the compression chamber was built using Matlab / Simulink environment in order to test the quality of these correlations. Thus, numerical results and experimental data were compared. Finally, results from two additional experiments carried out on a different test bench have confirmed the quality of the new proposed correlations for convective heat exchange