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1
Howard, David John. "Psychological, social and emotional changes experienced by student nurses undertaking the Project 2000 system of training". Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 1999. http://eprints.lincoln.ac.uk/7343/.
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The research reported in this thesis examined the changes that students undertaking the Project 2000 (UKCC, 1986) course in nursing experience. It was carried out in one school of nursing in the Midlands over a period of 3 years and the various stages of empirical enquiry involved a total of 218 questionnaires, 10 interviews and 30 stress studies. A phenomenological methodology was adopted which incorporated a 3 stage mixed method approach. During the initial 2 stages complementary data were collected from two cohorts of students (cohort 1 n=40, cohort 2 n=19) to explore their experiences of the course and identify significant issues. To identify possible changes in their methods of studying the Revised Approaches to Studying Inventory (Tait & Entwistle, 1996) was used. Insight into other changes that occurred during the course was afforded by supplementing these data with demographic data and qualitative data obtained from interviews. Two main themes arose; Changes in Approaches to Studying and Psychological Distress. In the final stage of this research each theme was considered using quantitative methods. Two instruments were developed and data was obtained from 2 samples of students (n=76, n=30). These were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistical tests and the results compared with those from earlier stages of this research and the literature. Linking the findings of this research to other enquiries also suggests that these students are typical of all Project 2000 students at this time (Yin, 1994; Bassey, 1998). Therefore, this research contends that Project 2000 students are likely; in terms of approaches to studying: (a) to change their approach to studying from a Surface Approach in favour of a Deep Approach as they see the relevance of the theory to the practice of nursing; (b) to exhibit the pattern which is common in higher education that older students tend towards a Deep Approach to studying; in terms of confidence and ability in studying: (c) by the end of the first year of the course to show no difference in confidence or ability in studying which can be attributed to their academic qualifications on entry to the course; in terms of psychological distress: (d) to experience various intensities of distress during the course associated with: • the theory component of the course (due to perceptions of irrelevance of the “health” model taught, particularly during the CFP); • loss of control (concerning the administration of the course and also the adverse group pressure exerted by the Adult Branch students in the CFP); • clinical practice (due to perceptions of not being prepared for the “curative-illness” model during the CFP, a lack of clinical skills, and sometimes due to hostility from placement staff); • assignments (due to lack of co-ordination between the different modules and clinical experiences, and related problems of time-management); • financial pressures (often resulting in additional employment to supplement bursaries); and; in terms of personal development and personal relationships: (e) to become more self-aware, assertive and non-judgemental in professional settings; (f) to have a high chance of personal difficulties with spouses or partners, particularly those students between the ages of 25-34 years.
2
Hernon-Jarvis, Jane. "The role of emotions in initial teacher training in English further education". Thesis, University of Lincoln, 2017. http://eprints.lincoln.ac.uk/28655/.
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This thesis examines the emerging role of emotional labour in the context of Further Education (FE) colleges in England. These colleges provide Initial Teacher Training (ITT) courses of study for Further Education teachers who are training to become qualified practitioners in the English lifelong learning sector. Using four teacher trainees and four teacher trainers, the thesis explores the nature and scope of how emotional labour can impact on teacher trainees’ learning and the well-being of both teacher trainees and teacher trainers in order to investigate how the insights gleaned would help to develop practice in the field of English ITT in English FE. The findings evidenced that when teaching, a relationship can form. This can be a professional relationship or a relationship that exceeds the boundaries of professionalism. Over a six-month period in 2013/2014 the teacher trainee participants completed an autobiographical life-grid, whilst both trainees and trainers completed a diary and end interview. An exploratory study using two FE colleges and analysis of data using thematic analysis was used to explore the role of emotions in ITT in FE colleges. Two significant findings presented themselves within this thesis. Firstly, the emotional dimensions of a) FE teaching are explored, and b) it is recommended that the support that is given for new teachers in FE in England become an explicit part of the curricula and of staff development in ITT delivery. Secondly, in supporting teaching staff to alleviate the burden of emotional labour, social sharing (i.e. talking about emotional aspects with peers, colleagues) should be encouraged.
3
Kerner, Charlotte Lynn. "Relationships between body image, motivation and physical education (PE) experiences in 13-14 year old boys and girls". Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/315360.
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Research has established that body image disturbance is associated with a number of negative physical and psychological health outcomes. It is recognised that body image is subject to situational variability, yet to date, research seems to have overlooked the explicit exploration of the stability of the construct within physical education. With this in mind the overarching aim of this thesis was to explore relationships between body image, perceptions of competence and motivation, with specific attention paid to the influence of the physical education environment upon year nine boys and girls situational body satisfaction. Secondly, the thesis explores the role that these three psycho-social constructs play in transfer of learning. The design of the research was a correlational, repeated measures study conducted across two time points, combined with focus group sessions. Quantitative data collection at time point one consisted of 620 pupils from 37 year 9 physical education classes. Time point two consisted of 461 pupils from 38 physical education classes. At both quantitative time points students responded to a questionnaire package which explored perceptions of competence towards physical education, motivation for physical education and aspects of trait and state body image. Participants at time point one also provided demographic information. Additionally, 159 pupils at time point one underwent anthropometric assessments of body fat and BMI. The findings from the thesis identify that 71%-80% of year 9 boys and girls are dissatisfied with their current body size. It was identified that the majority of variance in situational body satisfaction within physical education can be attributed to factors operating at the pupil and time level, with a smaller yet significant proportion of variance being attributed to between-class factors. Lesson content did not significantly predict variations in body satisfaction scores within physical education and evidence from the focus group sessions suggest that classroom entry factors such as the changing rooms maybe more influential that factors operating within the lesson itself. Results revealed higher levels of body satisfaction within physical education are associated with higher perceptions of competence within physical education, higher levels of autonomous towards physical education, higher transfer of learning scores and lower amotivation towards physical education scores. Collectively, the results of the thesis identify the prevalence of body dissatisfaction in 13-14 year old boys and girls and the potential implications negative body satisfaction can have for experiences of physical education. Findings of the thesis warrant further investigation of how the psychological variables explored relate to further contextual and pedagogical factors.
4
Bliss, Carly May. "Immune responses to vaccines against malaria". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:98c507b1-c812-4857-9ca8-4beaa57e1c35.
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The development of a malaria vaccine is necessary for disease eradication. Successful vaccine candidates to date have targeted the asymptomatic, pre-erythrocytic stage of the disease, however even the most efficacious vaccines are only partially protective. Research undertaken in our laboratory has demonstrated that one such regimen, using an 8 week prime-boost viral vector approach of ChAd63 ME-TRAP and MVA ME-TRAP, induces sterile efficacy in 21% of vaccinees, with a key role identified for TRAP-specific CD8+ T cells. The work described in this thesis explores the most immunogenic regimen by which to administer these two pre-erythrocytic malaria vaccines. A shortening of the prime-boost interval from 8 to 4 weeks, and the addition of an extra ChAd63 ME-TRAP priming vaccination, both demonstrated improved T cell immunogenicity over the standard 8 week regimen. Further to this, novel assays were developed to aid the evaluation of vaccine-induced immune responses. Adaptations of the existing methodology for ELISpot analysis and to whole blood flow cytometry techniques, enabled more detailed analyses of paediatric vaccine-induced T cell responses in The Gambia. This work also permitted the comparison of vaccine immunogenicity in this paediatric population, with malaria-naïve and malaria-exposed adult vaccinees. The results suggest that vaccine-induced T cell responses in infants of 8 weeks and older are comparable to that of adults. A second approach involved the development of a novel functional assay. This assay quantitatively measured the in vitro inhibition of intrahepatic Plasmodium parasite development using T cells from ChAd63.MVA ME-TRAP vaccinated volunteers. The assay demonstrated the ability of CD8+ T cells to inhibit parasite development in a TRAP-specific manner, and provides a platform with which to further explore pre-erythrocytic immune responses.
5
Chow, K. "Simulation and analysis of gas freeing of oil tanks". Thesis, Coventry University, 2010. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/692c76ab-c812-3ea9-29fe-0fe6cab4e469/1.
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This thesis presents an in-depth study of the gas freeing of marine crude oil tanks using numerical simulation, beginning with a general summary of the problem, followed by an outline of the objectives of this work and the main difficulties involved. To outline essential background, a review of numerical methods, fluid flow, and related physical mechanisms has been undertaken, in addition to related ventilation fields, jet and jet impingement, and tanker-borne ventilation, in order to determine the state of the art and draw useful parallels between different ventilative fields, as well as identifying potential areas for model validation. A room-ventilation test case was studied in order to demonstrate the numerical method. It was found that assuming adiabatic walls and ignoring radiation resulted in highly idealised temperature predictions, and that radiation played a large part in enhancing vertical temperature prediction by redistributing thermal energy. For the gas-freeing analysis, the geometric models and solution procedures are introduced before simulation results presented and validated with analytical jet models and impingement penetration parameters. Analysis showed that the internal temperature of the tank was approximately homogeneous, allowing the tank to be considered isothermal. 2D simulations showed that after an initial period of time, the relative concentration distribution reaches steady state with decreasing average concentration as gas-freeing continues. Discussion of the results followed, examining aspects surrounding heat transfer and the choice of turbulence model, analysing the differences in the results between the first and secondmoment closure schemes and justification of assuming isothermal conditions. The variation in concentration was examined, and an analytical expression was derived which approximates the reduction in average gas concentration decay due to gas-freeing. It has been shown that double-hulled construction renders the internal temperature variation to around 10% of the temperature difference between the sea and deck. During the gasfreeing process proper, it was shown that after any stratified layer has been eroded and a stable flow field established, the relative concentration distribution remains constant. Gas freeing times were shown to be heavily dependent on the volume flux (and thus air change rate), and mathematical relations derived in order to provide approximately predict the time to gas free a crude oil tank (COT) given particular initial conditions.
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Haag, Markus. "Personal knowledge development in online learning environments : a personal value perspective". Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/134937.
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This thesis investigates personal knowledge development in online learning environments and the impact that personal values have on it. Personal knowledge development was investigated from the perspective of Nonaka’s SECI model of organisational knowledge creation. This model served as the basis for an adapted model that conceptualises personal knowledge development in online learning at the individual level. The personal value types of the Schwartz Value Survey and the Portrait Values Questionnaire were adopted to measure personal values and their impact on personal knowledge development in online learning environments. Three data collection approaches were used. First, an exploratory study was conducted which elicited online learners’ experiences of their personal knowledge development in online learning; this study used online discussion forums for data collection. Second, a Delphi study was carried out. Experts were asked which of the ten individual-level value types by Schwartz are likely to be particularly relevant in the context of online learning. Third, an online survey was created. Its aim was to measure the impact that personal values and background variables, such as gender and age, have on personal knowledge development in online learning. A measurement instrument was devised that measures three of the SECI modes, namely Externalisation, Combination and Internalisation. This instrument measures the magnitude of online learners’ Externalisation and Combination activities as well as their level of Internalisation, i.e. the outcomes of personal knowledge development. Results of the exploratory study show that there are widely diverging experiences of personal knowledge development in online learning. The literature review suggests that the cultural situatedness of an online learning environment is an important influencing factor on personal knowledge development. The results of the Delphi study suggest that Self-Direction, Stimulation, and Achievement are particularly relevant value types in the context investigated here. Finally, the online survey confirms this view, as all three value types were found to be positively correlated with Externalisation, Combination, and Internalisation, with the exception of the Achievement-Combination relationship. A modified version of the SECI model is proposed, which extends the applicability of the original SECI model from the organisational to the individual level. It is argued that this model is suitable to describe personal knowledge development in the context of online learning. The study also contributes to closing the gap in research on the impact of personal values in the context investigated in this study. Moreover, a measurement instrument was created that can be used to measure Externalisation and Combination, i.e. personal knowledge development processes, and Internalisation, i.e. personal knowledge development outcomes.
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Kuegel, Christina. "Creating a functional play framework for children with autism and severe learning difficulties". Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/622700.
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Play is an important contributor to children’s development: it reflects, reinforces, and results in development (Johnson, Christie, Wardle, 2005). However, the tools available to support planning and measurement of play are not sufficiently detailed or focused on children with autism and severe learning difficulties (SLD). Play for children with autism is consistently identified as restrictive and repetitive. Although extensive research examines symbolic play, the content and structure of functional play, which is considered a valuable precursor of symbolic play, is rarely the subject of focused research (Williams, 2003; Lifter, Foster-Sanda, Arzamarski, Briesch, & McClure, 2011). Given the developmental potential that play presents, the aim of this study was to examine the functional play presented by children with autism and SLD, with a view to designing a play framework that enables teachers to support functional play development in the classroom. A pragmatic mixed methods approach was adopted across a three-stage study in three schools. Study 1 provides the background for creating a functional play framework, while Study 2 focuses on the creation of the framework through objective observations of the play activity of a total of 27 children with autism and SLD, as well as interviews with nine classroom teachers. Study 3 was a process of trialling the framework in two schools and collaborating with eight teachers to finalise the functional play framework, in particular by considering its usability. Data collected across the three studies provided a description of functional play that suggests it is more complex than traditionally defined. Four key areas of functional play were identified: interacting with one object; interacting with two (or more) objects; interacting with self; and interacting with the environment. Additionally, 12 subcategories were established as components related to functional play. Teachers reported that they could use the framework to baseline play, set targets and measure play progression for children with autism and SLD. The framework was also identified as a tool that supports classroom management and continuing professional development. The proposed framework facilitates the identification of small increments of progress and extends on other available play frameworks. By developing detailed descriptions of the play that children with autism and SLD present, the framework provides a greater ability to identify precise deficits and, more specifically, to target support in the area of play. Additionally, the collaborative approach with classroom teachers provides diverse viewpoints but also begins to merge the gap between researchers and practitioners in order to ensure a useful resource. Recommendations for further descriptive accounts, greater involvement of classroom professionals in the development of resources and additional trials of the framework are acknowledged.
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Martin, Florian, Vera Hemmelmayr y Tina Wakolbinger. "Integrated service selection, pricing and fullfillment planning for express parcel carriers - Enriching service network design with customer choice and endogenous delivery time restrictions". WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2019. http://epub.wu.ac.at/6986/1/SSPFP.pdf.
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Express parcel carriers offer a wide range of guaranteed delivery times in order to separate
customers who value quick delivery from those that are less time but more price sensitive. Such
segmentation, however, adds a whole new layer of complexity to the task of optimizing the logistics
operations. While many sophisticated models have been developed to assist network planners
in minimizing costs, few approaches account for the interplay between service pricing, customer
decisions and the associated restrictions in the distribution process. This paper attempts to fill
this research gap by introducing a heuristic solution approach that simultaneously determines the
ideal set of services, the associated pricing and the fulfillment plan in order to maximize profit. By
integrating revenue management techniques into vehicle routing and
eet planning, we derive a new
type of formulation called service selection, pricing and fulfillment problem (SSPFP). It combines
a multi-product pricing problem with a cycle-based service network design formulation. In order
derive good-quality solutions for realistically-sized instances we use an asynchronous parallel genetic
algorithm and follow the intuition that small changes to prices and customer assignments cause
minor changes in the distribution process. We thus base every new solution on the most similar
already evaluated fulfillment plan. This adapted initial solution is then iteratively improved by a
newly-developed route-pattern exchange heuristic. The performance of the developed algorithm is
demonstrated on a number of randomly created test instances and is compared to the solutions of
a commercial MIP-solver.Series: Schriftenreihe des Instituts für Transportwirtschaft und Logistik - Supply Chain Management
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Robertson, Welsh Bradley. "On the influence of nozzle geometries on supersonic curved wall jets". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/on-the-influence-of-nozzle-geometries-on-supersonic-curved-wall-jets(bc8817e4-c812-44bc-8dfb-f5d0fdf62a72).html.
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Circulation control involves tangentially blowing air around a rounded trailing edge in order to augment the lift of a wing. The advantages of this technique over conventional mechanical controls are reduced maintenance and lower observability. Despite the technology first being proposed in the 1960s and well-studied since, circulation control is not in widespread use today. This is largely due to the high mass flow requirements. Increasing the jet velocity increases both the efficiency (in terms of mass flow) and effectiveness. However, as the jet velocity exceeds the speed of sound, shock structures form which cause the jet to separate. Recent developments in the field of fluidic thrust vectoring (FTV) have shown that an asymmetrical convergent-divergent nozzle capable of producing an irrotational vortex (IV) has the potential to prevent separation through eliminating stream-wise pressure gradients. In this study, the feasibility of preventing separation at arbitrarily high jet velocities through the use of asymmetrical nozzle geometries designed to maintain irrotational (and stream-wise pressure gradient free) flow is explored. Furthermore, the usefulness of an adaptive nozzle geometry for the purpose of extending circulation control device efficiency and effectiveness is defined. Through a series of experiments, the flow physics of supersonic curved wall jets is characterised across a range of nozzle geometries. IV and equivalent area ratio symmetrical convergent-divergent nozzles are compared across three slot height to radius ratios (H/R): H/R = 0.1, H/R = 0.15, H/R = 0.2. The conclusion of this study is that at low H/R (0.1 and 0.15), there is no significant difference in behaviour between IV and symmetrical nozzles, whilst at high H/R (0.2), the IV nozzles begin separating whilst correctly expanded due to the propagation of pressure upstream from the edge of the reaction surface via the boundary layer. Consequently, it is shown that symmetrical nozzles of equivalent mass flow at high H/R have a higher separation NPR compared to IV nozzles. Specifically, the elimination of favourable, in addition to adverse stream-wise pressure gradients contradicts the expected behaviour of IV nozzles. The separation NPR for nozzles tested in this study, in addition to past studies is subsequently plotted against the throat height to radius ratios (A*/R). This shows that in fact, no previous experiments have shown a higher separation NPR for IV nozzles compared to symmetrical nozzles of equivalent mass flow. The overall outcome is that neither fixed geometry IV, nor adaptive nozzles are justified to maintain attachment, or to improve efficiency. This is because fixed nozzle geometries designed for higher separation NPR do not show any performance deficit when operating at lower NPRs. However, the throat height could be varied to maximise effectiveness (at the expense of mass flow). The contributions to new knowledge made by this study are as follows: the development of a new method of combining shadowgraph and schlieren images to simplify and enhance visualisation of supersonic flows; the use of pressure sensitive paint (PSP) to study the structure of the supersonic curved wall jet before and after separation; the identification of a clear mechanism for the separation of supersonic curved wall jets, valid over a broad range of nozzle geometries (including a clarification of previously unexplained behaviour witnessed in prior studies); the explanation that reattachment hysteresis occurs due to the upstream movement of the point of local separation at full separation (specifically, this explains why certain geometries such as backward-facing steps prevent reattachment hysteresis).
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McIvor, Stephen. "Mentally tough teams in professional Rugby Union : important factors, processes and mechanisms". Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2018. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/25464/.
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The aim of this research is to further enhance our understanding of the construct mental toughness in professional rugby union teams. While mental toughness is synonymous with sporting success, considerable ambiguity exists concerning what it actually is, how it is developed and, most pertinently in the demanding environment of professional rugby, how it can be elicited on a game-to-game basis. To achieve these aims, an initial semi-structured interview-based study with nine elite players and three elite coaches explored their understanding of mental toughness. The results highlight that mental toughness involves player-specific processes and coaching processes along with an emphasis upon group processes. Building on these results, a second interview-based study was conducted with five super-elite coaches. The results from this cohort reaffirm the importance of group identity in consistently eliciting mental toughness. The results highlight the integral role that the coach plays in challenging group standards and in fostering togetherness and respect. Moreover, the results identify processes that coaches may utilise in developing, integrating and harnessing mentally tough leaders, the alignment of formal leaders and, crucially, how coaches communicate mentally tough messages to their players via the media. In conclusion, in order to elicit mental toughness in rugby union the coach needs to manage the multiple messages within the team environment that enhances group identity and the motivation to act mentally tough. In this regard, in order to elicit mental toughness in a rugby team on a consistent basis, it is essential that the coach is aware of, and manages, individual processes, coaching processes and, most importantly, the wider environment and social milieu. This requires coaches to create an aligned leadership and to manage the multiple messages that players receive, including those from the media, in order to create a mentally tough mindset.
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Davies, Thomas Charles Alexander. "What do we do with the rest of the day? : examining non-shot making activity in competitive golf". Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2017. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/22469/.
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In completing this thesis I am attempting to answer the broad question of what golfers should do with their time on the course when they are not executing their shots. Surprisingly, and considering the amount of research within golf that has considered how performance can best be optimised, either by focusing on the development of technique, mental skills, physiological factors, or tactical considerations, this has remained an under-researched area with few authors considering the potential impact of these time periods. In attempting to answer this broad question I present five, substantive chapters, one desktop study, one chapter which explains and justifies the chosen research philosophy and methodologies (Chapter 3), and three empirical studies. These are wrapped in introduction (Chapter 1) and conclusion (Chapter 7) chapters. Chapter 2 critically reviews the extant literature prior to the completion of this thesis. In addition to critiquing existing literature future avenues for research that would fill some of the identified gaps in knowledge are suggested. Adopting a pragmatic philosophical approach Chapter 4 explores the perceptions from golfers and support personnel of what golfers should do on the course when not executing their shots. Results point to the use of a number of novel processes specifically the use of pre2- and post-shot routines, in addition to the impact of caddies at the meso-level of performance. These impacts of these processes and inputs on both player attention and other psychological factors are discussed. Reflecting the suggestion from Chapter 4 of the importance of meso-level processes, Chapter 5 seeks to identify if, and how, high-level golfers use the meso-level processes identified in Chapter 4. The findings suggest that high-level golfers do use the processes identified in Chapter 4 but that the content and application of the processes varies depending upon shot outcome. In particular, post-shot routines need to be adaptive based upon shot outcome. Consequently, the need to develop meta-cognitive skills is also highlighted. In order to close the pragmatic loop and practically apply the knowledge generated in the thesis to that point Chapter 6 takes five high-level golfers through a 10 week intervention. These interventions are aimed at developing the skills and processes discovered in the thesis and assesses both the perceived and performance benefits derived from the interventions. There were notable improvements in performance as a consequence of the interventions, although these were not statistically significant. However, participants did also positively note a number of perceived benefits derived from the interventions including the development of meso-level skills and associated general benefits and improvements. In concluding the thesis, and as per the pragmatic approach adopted, I offer practical suggestions to what golfers should do with the rest of the day and the impact that adopting these processes has on performance. Finally, and in order to provide practically useful findings to practitioners, a model for how to integrate the findings from the thesis is proposed.
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Cantone, A. L., M. R. Buitelaar, C. G. Smith, D. Anderson, G. A. C. Jones, S. J. Chorley, C. Casiraghi et al. "Electronic transport characterization of Sc@C82 single-wall carbon nanotube peapods". American Institite of Physics, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/11998.
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Ohlsson, Ioan Marc. "Understanding aggression motivation : the role of developmental, affect and socio-cognitive factors in offenders". Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2016. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/16690/.
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This PhD aimed to understand the constructs of aggression motivation and inhibition among prisoners. The research explored the role of developmental, affect, personality and socio-cognitive factors in aggression, investigating how these factors contributed to motives and inhibitors. This addressed several gaps in our knowledge and understanding of these factors among prisoners. In doing so, it contributed to the proposal of an empirically informed developmental model of aggression motivation and inhibition for prisoners, a model potentially capable of accounting for the theoretical and clinical limitations of existing explanatory models. Study one involved 206 adult men from a medium secure prison. This study specifically examined the role of aggression (using the Aggression Motivation Questionnaire, AMQ; Ireland, 2007) and offence motivation (with the Offence Motivation Questionnaire, OMQ; Gudjonsson & Sigurdsson, 2004) and affect (using the Multidimensional Anger Inventory, MAI; Sigel, 1989). Contrary to predictions, aggression motivation extended beyond the traditional reactive versus proactive distinction, with four core motivations identified. Further challenging the previous dichotomous distinction were findings that affect was related to all motivations and not just reactive aggression. The structure of offence motivation was consistent with previous research suggesting the validity of such motivation. Relationships found between individual offence and aggression motives supported longstanding notions in the human motivation and rationale choice literature that a limited number of motivations are capable of accounting for the diversity of human behaviour. Study one strengthens the argument to further examine and understand the factors contributing to such aggression motivations, such as cognition or developmental and life course experiences. Study two recruited 210 adult male prisoners to examine the developmental and socio-cognitive factors underpinning aggression motivations. Confirmation as to the structure of aggression motivation was also evaluated. It was predicted that differing developmental and socio-cognitive factors would relate to each motivation. Analysis supported this and thus further understanding was achieved as to the contribution of these factors. Reformulation of existing developmental models of aggression and the importance of social cognition for adult prisoners were consequently highlighted. However, attempts to confirm the four-factor solution for aggression motivation identified in Study 1 was not achieved. Exploratory factor analysis supported the extraction of a three-component solution from the AMQ, which was underpinned by ‘protection’, ‘pleasure’ and ‘positive outcomes’ motivations. This raised doubt as to the underlying structure of aggression motivation, which required further examination. Study three involved 234 prisoners from two separate prisons. All participants were adult men. This study facilitated the further exploration of maladaptive personality and affect regulation strategies in aggression motivation. Evaluation of the components of aggression inhibition was also undertaken. As expected, personality and affect regulation strategies were individually associated with aggression motives and inhibitors. This suggested that these factors had a unique contribution to aggression motivations and inhibitors. A four component structure for aggression inhibition was identified through exploratory factor analysis. The three factor structure for aggression motivation indicated by Study 2 was supported by confirmatory factor analysis. The findings gained from this study were combined with previous studies and influenced the development of the Applied Integrated Model of Aggression Motivation (AIM-AM). This new proposed integrated model of aggression is described in detail in the last Chapter of this thesis. The current research highlights the importance of considering aggression motivation and inhibition by demonstrating how valuable information to assist our understanding of aggression can be enhanced through their detailed examination. This research points towards a range of underlying factors which motivate and inhibit aggression in prisoners, including personality traits, developmental and life experiences, cognition and affect regulation. This was drawn together in the AIM-AM, which remains the first proposed aggression model developed specifically from the study of forensic populations. This applied theoretical model and underpinning research has a range of research and clinical implications for those working with prisoners, such as guiding the psychological assessment and risk evaluations of prisoners and focusing interventions to reduce their likelihood of aggression.
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Draper, Claire Elaine. "The effect of ageing on the morphology and physiology of the lacrimal gland". Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 1999. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/19937/.
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Tears are formed by a group of glands and ocular epithelia collectively named the lacnmal gland system. The lacrimal glands are paired orbital structures which in the rat consist of an intraorbital and exorbital component. The exorbital gland is responsible for secreting the aqueous components of the tear film, consisting of water, electrolytes and proteins which are responsible for keeping the cornea buffered, lubricated, nourished and protected. Ageing has been associated with lacrimal gland dysfunction, resulting in reduced aqueous tear production, which is associated with dry eye conditions. However, very little is known about ageing effects on the lacrimal gland and in particular the lacrimal gland acinar cells. This study employed light and electron microscopy, immunohistochemical, radiobiological and physiological techniques to investigate ageing changes in the morphology and function of the lacrimal gland and acinar cells. In all experiments animals of 3-5 months were considered normal, control. The light microscopical studies revealed that with ageing to 28 months the gland underwent progressive morphological changes, including; thickening and deposition of the interlobular connective tissue, inflammatory cell infiltration, inflammation, necrosis, enlargement of ducts, patchy destruction of acinar, vascular and ductal tissues and luminal swelling of the acini. These changes were most apparent at 20, 24 and 28 months, only changes to the interlobular connective tissue was observed at 12 months and very little was observed at 9 months. However, in all age groups there was a change in the type and distribution of the acinar cell. Three distinct types of acinar cells were observed in the lacrimal glands; serous, seromucous and mucous (Draper et aL, 1998; 1999).
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Cumbest, Randolph J. "Crystal-plastic deformation and chemical evolution of clinoamphibole". Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54322.
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Clinoamphibole from a mylonitic amphibolite, located on Senja, Norway, exhibits microstructures characteristic of dynamic recrystallization, including larger host grains in a finer grained matrix of needle shaped amphibole. The matrix amphibole defines an LS fabric and host grains have core and mantle structures with a core containing undulose to patchy extinction and (100) deformation twinning surrounded by a mantle of recrystallized grains. In addition intragranular grains also occur within the cores.
TEM analysis of the host grains revealed high densities of dislocations, dislocation arrays/subgrain boundaries parallel to (hk0), stacking faults, and (100) deformation micro-twins. Dark field, weak beam images show that the dislocations are commonly dissociated. Diffraction contrast experiments compared with computer simulation of dislocation images indicate the primary unit Burgers vector is [001]. This information in conjunction with trace analysis of glide loops and dislocation line direction shows that the following glide systems were operative: [001]{110}, [001](100), and possibly [001](010), in order of relative occurrence. These data along with dislocation energies are considered in order to propose a possible model for the [001] unit Burgers vector in the clinoamphibole structure. TEM also showed that matrix grains and intragranular grains have relatively low defect densities, and that the intergranular new grains occur at localities in the host grains characterized by high densities of dislocations. These observations along with the chemical and orientation relationships between the recrystallized grains and their host indicate that the new grains may have formed by heterogeneous nucleation and that further growth probably occurred by both strain assisted and chemically induced grain boundary migration or liquid film migration. This recrystallization event is interpreted to be synkinematic based on the fact that no recrystallization textures are present in the matrix grains and that the matrix grains define an LS fabric. However, the low defect densities in the matrix grains and the lack of intracrystalline strain in other phases indicate that post-kinematic recovery processes were active.Ph. D.
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Giagkos, Alexandros. "Protocol design and implementation for bee-inspired routing in mobile ad hoc networks". Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2160/e9924048-c81f-4213-b605-022583f6186f.
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The characteristic of mobility and the ease of deployment make wireless ad hoc networks suitable for a variety of real life applications that cover a wide range from civilian to military purposes. The lack of a xed infrastructure demands all participating nodes to function as end points of a communication session and also to have routing capabilities. The latter allows data packets to be forwarded to nodes in a multi-hop manner and tackles the routing problem when nodes are joining, leaving or moving around within the network topology unexpectedly. At any time nodes need to be able to provide adaptive, optimal and ecient routing solutions. In order to solve the challenging problem of routing in wireless ad hoc networks, this thesis applies methods from nature and, in particular, from the world of honeybee colonies. A new routing protocol design and its implementation, BeeIP, are proposed and tested. Using honeybee foraging and dancing metaphors, the protocol utilizes special packets to discover paths between sources and destinations. Real honeybees constantly monitor the goodness of their findings based on a number of quality factors such as the distance from the hive, the sweetness of the sugar solution, etc. Then, they effciently distribute the future flights following the most optimal path. Focusing on these key concepts, this work investigates the extent to which a range of low-level network parameters can be used to represent and constantly monitor the goodness of the paths. The design uses a new model to map the honeybee dances and to effiently use multiple paths for future data transmissions. This thesis makes a number of novel contributions. Firstly, an extended mapping of the quality factors from nature to networks and a model to utilize them in order to represent and measure the quality of the paths. Next, the use of statistical prediction by considering prior gathered knowledge to detect any possible improvement or deterioration of path quality over time. Finally, a comprehensive comparison with state-of-the-art protocols in the ns-2 network simulator, the results of which show that BeeIP is able to outperform the others under different conditions and, in particular, in networks of high density, rate of mobility and increased data traffi. Therefore, the proposed design is a viable solution for routing in wireless ad hoc networks.
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Thorneywork, Alice L. "Structure and dynamics of two-dimensional colloidal hard spheres". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c0929b42-c819-4782-a555-083513e396ea.
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The structural and dynamic behaviour of quasi-two-dimensional monodisperse and bidisperse colloidal hard spheres are studied by optical microscopy. Firstly, a full characterisation of the equilibrium structure is presented through a consideration of structural correlation functions and number fluctuations. Comparison to fundamental measure theory and Monte Carlo simulations confirms both the behaviour of the system as a model for hard disks and the equation of state. The differing structural behaviour of binary systems at different size ratios is also discussed in relation to the nonadditivity. Next, the short- and long-time self-diffusion of particles is considered. Results for the long-time diffusion coefficient are again compared to Monte Carlo simulations, which demonstrates that at long times the dynamic behaviour is effectively not affected by hydrodynamic interactions. Additionally, simple theoretical expressions for the area fraction dependence of the short- and long-time diffusion coefficients are discussed. The selfdynamic properties of particles are probed further using the self-intermediate scattering function and the self-van Hove correlation function. In particular, the extent to which these quantities may be described by the Gaussian approximation is considered in relation to the relevant hydrodynamic limits for colloidal systems. A scaling relation to describe the crossover between these limits at short and long times is also developed. The consideration of dynamic behaviour is then extended to collective phenomena and, in particular, to the process of interdiffusion. Here, the thermodynamic and kinetic drives for this process are explored for binary systems at two different size ratios. The differing interdiffusive effects seen in the two systems are considered in light of the predictions of the Darken equation. Finally, the melting of quasi-two-dimensional colloidal hard spheres is studied by considering a monolayer of particles in sedimentation-diffusion equilibrium. Density profiles and the equation of state are used to characterise the system. These quantities display a discontinuity, indicating a coexistence gap and hence an interface. This interface is located and analysed using capillary wave theory, from which both the size of the coexistence gap and the anisotropic stiffness of the interface are determined.
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Couture, Emmanuelle. "Interférence entre l'identification de cibles en mémoire à court terme et la reproduction d'intervalles temporels : effet de la durée de l'intervalle à reproduire". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0006/MQ33605.pdf.
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Warm, Anna. "The role of video game violence in hostile affect, cognitions and attributional style among adolescent players". Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 1999. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/19055/.
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A central aim of the present research was to investigate the short-term influences of video game play on aggression-related psychological states (including affect, cognitions, attributions and behavioural tendencies). More specifically, efforts were directed at establishing psychological effects of video games, which are causally related to game violence. A series of experiments examined short-term changes in adolescent players following various types of video game play. Experiment 1 identified a number of important game dimensions (i.e., characteristics of video game play) and explored their relationship to overall game enjoyment using path analysis. Of particular interest was the finding that violence did not strongly influence game enjoyment. In Experiment 2, increases in affective hostility and anger were reported after both types of video game play. Significantly greater increases after violent video game play provided support for a video game violence-hostile affect relation. However, the findings of subsequent experiments produced contrasting evidence showing that affective changes following video game play do not predictably vary as a function of game violence, but appear to be linearly related to video game pace. Game violence was more strongly implicated in cognitive effects of video game play. Evidence that game violence affects cognitions emerged on a variety of measures. These cognitive effects were seen as being reflective of aggression priming and short-term disinhibition processes. Finally, the extent to which short-term effects of violent video game play dispose players towards aggression was investigated using attribution and response tendency measures. Whilst the majority of the analyses failed to produce effects of game violence on attributions and response tendencies, an interesting interaction emerged involving game violence effects in females. The nature of the inteaction was viewed as being best explained by modelling processes, though disinhibition explanations were also viewed as being compatible. The findings were interpreted within existing social-psychological theories of media-elicited aggression. A number of video game effects could be accounted for using Berkowitz's cognitive neo-associationist framework, whilst other findings implicated the usefulness of Zillmann's excitation-transfer theory for understanding video game effects. Ultimately, the results were conceptualised using Anderson's General Affective Aggression model. Overall, the research was fairly successful in highlighting a number of short-term affective and cognitive states that can result from video game play. However, these effects were generally not manifested in behavioural tendencies towards others. The few findings that did implicate increases in aggressive behavioural tendencies were difficult to place within Anderson's framework, as they did not parallel changes at earlier stages of the model (i.e. affective and cognitive changes). Modelling and/or possibly disinhibition effects were viewed as the most appropriate theoretical concepts for explaining the findings relating to behavioural tendencies. The implications of the findings in relation to previous research on video game and media effects and limitations to the generalisability of the findings are discussed. Finally, several recommendations for future research are outlined.
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Verbiest, Tom. "Identification and characterisation of the haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells at risk for leukaemia development following radiation exposure". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:0a9fa5f8-c882-4d29-a502-9445a0cc224a.
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A variety of epidemiological studies have provided support for an increased leukaemia incidence following exposure to both high and low dose radiation. There is a close histopathological similarity between human and murine acute myeloid leukaemia with mouse models of the disease being most often used. We report here, for the first time, that allogeneic haematopoietic stem cells can compete for niches in the nonmyeloablated NSG bone marrow compartment and that the nonmyeloablated NSG bone marrow microenvironment is capable of supporting allogeneic long-term HSC engraftment and differentiation. Using this NSG transplantation model, we then provided evidence of a reduced contribution of low dose irradiated HSCs towards longterm haematopoiesis. We further report on the generation and characterisation of a novel Chr2MDRmCh mouse model where a construct positioned in the minimal deleted region following radiation exposure carries the fluorescent protein mCherry, which is expressed under control of the ubiquitous Rosa26 promoter. Crossing these mice with Sfpi1GFP mice allowed the early detection of an expanding haematopoietic clone which had lost mCherry fluorescence following radiation exposure (and so also the chromosome 2 homologue carrying the fluorescent construct and the Sfpi1 gene). Finally, we report on a gender-dependent leukaemic progression and characterisation where 3 Gy irradiated male mice only present with acute myeloid leukemia and irradiated female mice mainly develop leukaemia with a lymphoid phenotype. In conclusion, the work in this thesis postulates data obtained from two novel mouse models and which could help to further identify key molecular mechanisms involved in leukaemia initiation and development.
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Lau, Jason C. S. "Spin-selective chemical reactions in radical pair magnetoreception". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:695e3b49-c872-4403-8c70-153a3df8430b.
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Many animals on earth need to navigate in their own environments for breeding and foraging. The ability to determine a correct heading and the current location for a migratory bird is critical for its survival. Animals that are sensitive to the Earth’s magnetic field can use it to obtain their direction of travel. In 2000, a paper suggested that radical pair reaction could form the basis for magnetoreception in migratory birds and a flavoprotein, cryptochrome, was proposed as the candidate for the radical pair precursor. Recent in vivo experimental results strongly support the hypothesis that radical pairs formed in the eyes of migratory birds are responsible for their magnetic compass sense. Cryptochrome has also been located in the UV-cones in the retinas of two different species of bird. Radical pairs in living cells are influenced mainly by Zeeman interaction, hyperfine interaction, rotational modulation, etc., and together they influence the recombination reactions of the radical pairs. This thesis considers the possible role of radical pairs in avian magnetoreception, using computer simulations of the quantum mechanical evolution of a radical pair under a variety of conditions. Chapter 1 contains the introductions to spin chemistry, avian magnetoreception, and the mathematical description of the quantum evolution of a radical pair. Chapter 2 describes the four different theoretical models for a general non-diffusion-controlled radical pair reaction and the product yields of a radical pair reaction predicted by these four models are analysed and compared. Chapter 3 introduces a model for avian magnetoreception that integrates photoselection with the radical pair reaction and the model is used to predict the retinal patterns that a bird may be able to use for magnetoreception. The anisotropic singlet product yields of a radical pair comprises the flavin chromophore and the tryptophan of a cryptochrome are also presented in this chapter. A paper based on some parts of this chapter is published [1] in the Journal of The Royal Society Interface. Chapter 4 describes a modified version of an algorithm that is used to calculate the product yields detected in a reaction yield detected magnetic resonance (RYDMR) experiment. The new algorithm is used to analyse the results of two sets of RYDMR experiments in which two radical pair systems, pyrene/1,3-dicyanobenzene and chrysene/1,4-dicyanobenzene, were used. The modulated detection technique used in the RYDMR experiments is also discussed in this chapter.
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Diener, Ann-Sofie. "The orientalising phenomenon on Crete, 9th-7th centuries BC". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:3cbcc025-c862-4d14-8bf1-3254458ae0a7.
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This thesis compiles and assesses orientalising artefacts from EIA Crete, which by definition are those that emulate Near Eastern models in design, style or technique. While oriental imports discovered on Crete have been the subject of several recent publications, there are currently no studies that deal with orientalising finds from the island in a similarly comprehensive manner. The aim of the present work is to fill this gap in scholarship and to provide a solid basis for interpretation. Following a multifaceted approach, the thesis offers an in-depth investigation of relevant pottery, terracottas, sculpture and metal finds. These classes of objects are investigated in terms of types, contexts and iconographies; they are then compared to potential Near Eastern models, which are examined in equal detail where appropriate. Based on this evidence, presumed connections to the Near East are challenged or substantiated while novel links are added, offering fresh insights into the meaning of the Cretan material. A critical revaluation of Cretan contacts with the Near East puts gained findings into a larger perspective of socio-political relations. The final part of the thesis suggests a new interpretation of the material, stressing the importance of Cretan agency, cultural self-definition and the multivalent nature of the orientalising phenomenon on the island.
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Xu, Alan. "Atomic scale characterisation of radiation damage and radiation induced precipitation in tungsten-rhenium alloys". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:1ae33661-c81f-4e77-a80c-bc12ed9123d9.
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Tungsten is considered the prime candidate material for plasma facing components within fusion reactors. However, exposure of tungsten to neutron flux brings about transmutation of tungsten into by-products: Re, Os and Ta. Under increasing levels of radiation damage, irradiation induced clustering/precipitation takes place that embrittles and thus reduces lifetime of such tungsten components. This thesis was undertaken to explore this subject on a deeper level. There are three components to this study. The first part considers the effect of Re content on irradiation induced clustering. Lab-made plate W-xRe (x: 2, 5, 10 and 25at.%) alloys were exposed to 1.2, 3.9 and 33dpa, self-ion irradiated at 773K. Analysis of cluster number density and volume fraction found they increase with damage level and bulk Re content. Based on these trends and existing literature data, a hypothesis was proposed suggesting clusters originate from vacancy clusters. Also, at 33dpa, rod shaped clusters form in W-25Re alloys while spherical clusters are present in other alloys. The clusters show close correspondence with irradiation induced precipitates and appear to be precursor phase. In the second part of this thesis, the effect of Os and Ta on cluster formation and alloy mechanical properties is examined. Lab-made plate W-1Re-1Os and W-2Re-1Ta alloys were irradiated at 33dpa at 573 and 773K and compared against control W-2Re alloy. At 33dpa and 573K, the Os and Ta presence suppresses cluster formation. Both ternary alloys contain smaller cluster diameter, composition, number density and volume fraction than the W-2Re alloy. However, at 33dpa and 773K, Os and Ta have opposing effects on cluster behaviour. Os increases the cluster nucleation rate and raises irradiation hardening (compared to W-2Re). Meanwhile, Ta presence decreased cluster number density and reduced the irradiation hardening (compared to W-2Re alloy). As well, Ta showed no evidence of clustering, only Re clusters form in the W-2Re-1Ta alloy. The final aspect of the thesis analyzes the effect of material microstructure and external variables on cluster formation in W-Re alloys. Commercial wire form W-25Re alloy was irradiated at 1.2dpa at 573 and 773K as atom probe needles and bulk sample. The larger free surface on atom probe needle samples appears to act as a sink for self-interstitials and vacancies at both temperatures. The effect of grain size and dislocation density was examined by irradiating commercial W-5Re wire (0.5-1μm diameter) and plate (1-3mm diameter) samples (annealed and unannealed) to 33dpa and 573K. It was found grain boundaries and dislocations act as defect sinks at 573K. Additionally, radiation enhanced Re grain boundary enrichment was observed for first time. The effect of grain size on cluster behaviour at 773K was also analysed. Commercial wire and lab-made plate W-3Re, W-5Re and W-25Re alloys were irradiated to 33dpa at 773K. The larger grain boundary area in wire samples is suspected of acting as a sink for self-interstitials leaving more vacancies for promoting cluster formation compared to lab-made samples. The discoveries made in this thesis broaden our current understanding of irradiation induced phase formation in tungsten. Their implications on plasma facing component design are discussed as well as recommendations for improvements. Further, areas requiring further research in this field are also highlighted.
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Hewitt, Dominic James. "Probing environmental effects on gas-phase protein structure". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:6856e99f-c802-4b96-ba7c-8fc98456f6a0.
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Growth in the use of mass spectrometry as an analytical tool for studying protein structure and functionality has posed questions regarding correlation of native structures and observed gas-phase conformations for proteins. This thesis explores the relationship between the solution-phase and gas-phase structures of soluble proteins, and investigates the effect of the lipid environment on membrane proteins. To assess gas-phase structure, ion-mobility mass spectrometry was used to measure directly the collision cross-sections of soluble proteins across a broad mass range. These collision cross-sections values were then compared with those derived from solution-phase data, calculated from dynamic light scattering experiments. Using computational methods collision cross-sections were calculated from structures reported in the protein data bank using a variety of techniques. Differing physical environments in solution and gas phases are not shown to affect protein structure by the dynamic light scattering and ion-mobility measurements. Contrastingly the computational calculations demonstrate that there is less correspondence between x-ray structures and their gas-phase counterparts. Despite the effect that lipid environment has on membrane protein structure, capturing this native environment has been challenging. Lipodisqs look to overcome this problem by removing the portion of the membrane surrounding the embedded protein. Lipodisqs were investigated as potential vehicles for membrane protein mass spectrometry and compared with conventional detergent based approaches. Lower charge states are observed for proteins released from lipodisqs, compared to those released from detergent micelles, increasing the probability of native features being retained including native-like protein-lipid interactions. Lipodisqs therefore demonstrate significant potential as a tool for membrane protein mass spectrometry. In summary, through this body of experimental work relationships have been established between gas-phase and solution-phase structures as well as computational methods. The use of Lipodisqs to eject membrane proteins from regions of the native membrane has been investigated.
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Muhammed, Kinan. "Mechanisms underlying apathy in health and Parkinson's disease". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2018. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:930d41d1-c815-4494-8c32-1439947db899.
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Apathy or lack of motivation is increasingly recognized to be a major factor affecting quality of life and prognosis in many neurological conditions. It is particularly prevalent in Parkinson's disease, impacting on every disease stage, including de novo cases, and has been reported to affect up to 70% of cases. Despite the pervasiveness of apathy, challenges remain in its detection, clinical assessment and treatment. Several lines of evidence have implicated fronto-striatal reward related neural pathways in the genesis of apathy but the precise processes remain to be fully explained. This thesis examines the potential mechanisms of apathy using Parkinson's disease as a model to study the condition. Novel oculomotor tasks that used eye movement and pupillary responses were developed to help assess if insensitivity to incentives could be an underlying component of apathy. This was examined in healthy young and elderly participants as well as in patients with Parkinson's disease. Patients were tested both ON and OFF their normal dopaminergic medication so that the effect of dopamine could be assessed and the association with apathy determined. This was also performed in a pharmacological study in young participants with the use of Haloperidol, a dopaminergic D2-selective antagonist. Insensitivity to rewards modulated by dopamine was regarded to be a contributory mechanism of apathy in Parkinson's disease and also applicable to general mechanisms of motivation in healthy populations.
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Angel, Stefan, Franziska Disslbacher, Stefan Humer y Matthias Schnetzer. "What did you really earn last year?: explaining measurement error in survey income data". Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of the Royal Statistical Society, 2019. http://epub.wu.ac.at/7005/1/rssa.pdf.
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The paper analyses the sources of income measurement error in surveys with a
unique data set. We use the Austrian 2008-2011 waves of the European Union "Statistics on
income and living conditions" survey which provide individual information on wages, pensions
and unemployment benefits from survey interviews and officially linked administrative records.
Thus, we do not have to fall back on complex two-sample matching procedures like related
studies. We empirically investigate four sources of measurement error, namely social desirabil-
ity, sociodemographic characteristics of the respondent, the survey design and the presence
of learning effects. We find strong evidence for a social desirability bias in income reporting,
whereas the presence of learning effects is mixed and depends on the type of income under
consideration. An Owen value decomposition reveals that social desirability is a major expla-
nation of misreporting in wages and pensions, whereas sociodemographic characteristics are
most relevant for mismatches in unemployment benefits.
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Ptchelkine, Denis. "Etudes structurales sur le complexe spécifique de l’arn polymérase III C82/C34/C31 et le facteur de transcription végétal Leafy". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008GRE10236.
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Dans cette thèse deux sujets sont abordés. Dans la première partie de thèse les résultas de la caractérisation structurale du sous-complexe C82/C34/C3l obtenus pendant les deux premières années de ma thèse sont présentés. La plupart des expériences effectuées pendant cette période avaient pour but la production de cristaux du sous-complexe qui auraient servi pour la collection des données de diffraction. Dans ma thèse, je décris différentes approches pour la production du sous-complexe et pour la cristallisation. Malheureusement, les cristaux du sous-complexe n'ont jamais été obtenus. La deuxième partie de mon travail portait sur la caractérisation biochimique et structurale du complexe C82/C34/C31. Une analyse des données biochimiques sur l'interaction entre la sous-unité C34 et des composants du complexe TFIIIB est exposée en détail. Dans la deuxième partie de cette thèse je décris l'étude structurale du facteur de transcription végétal LEAFY par cristallographie aux rayons X. En collaboration avec l'équipe de Dr. François Parcy (CEA, Grenoble), nous avons obtenu la structure de ce facteur de transcription en complexe avec deux fragments d'ADN des promoteurs APl et AG-I avec des résolutions de 2. 1 et 2. 3Â. Ces structures ont permis d'établir les déterminants majeurs de la reconnaissance spécifique de l'ADN par LFY. Une liaison coopérative des deux monomères de LFY au site APl et AG-I explique en partie la fonction de LFY comme un déclencheur de la transition du méristème vers son état déterminéThe first part of my thesis describes my work on the RNA polymerase III specific subcomplex. Since the first studies on the subcomplex C82/C34/C3l there were a number of functional studies on this subcomplex that revealed its involvement in the transcription pre initiation process. During my thesis 1 tried to advance more deeply into the understanding of this process from the structural point of view by X-ray crystallography. Although no crystals of the subcomplex could be obtained, a wealth ofvaluable results have been gathered on different strategies of co-expression of the components of the subcomplex and the crystallization approaches that 1 have explored during my thesis. On the other hand, 1 established the minimal interacting parts of the proteins in the C82/C34/C3l subcomplex and in the TFIIffi complex. One of the most intriguing pro cesses in plant development is the switch from the vegetative into generative growth. LEAFY (LFY) is a key player in this transition as it integrates signaIs from multiple pathways and induces the differentiation of the floral meristem. On the other hand, LFY is found in non-flowering plants, in which it controls the key transitions in the plant life cycle. Ln spite of a number of genetics studies on LFY, The function of LFY on the molecular level remained elusive until now. Ln collaboration with the group ofF. Parcy (CEA, Grenoble) we solved the crystal structure of the LFY DNA binding domain in complex with two different DNA fragments bearing the sequences from the AP-l and AG-I promoters recognized by LFY. This work is presented in the second part of the thesis
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Couture, Jérôme. "Les gouvernements manipulent-ils leurs prévisions budgétaires ? Le cas des erreurs de prévision de revenus dans les provinces canadiennes de 1986 à 2004". Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25084/25084.pdf.
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Hart, Jacqui Ann. "Adverse childhood experience, psychological distress and offending : the role of emotional intelligence and related concepts". Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/344617.
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Despite evidence to suggest that pathways from adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) to psychological distress and offending are gender-specific, theory-driven research examining intervening factors in such pathways is rare. Utilising a mixed-method design, the research presented in this thesis aimed to a) provide further insight into gender-specific trajectories from ACEs to negative outcomes and b) to identify a theoretically viable framework within which to conduct such research. It was anticipated that comparing and contrasting the quantitative (Study 1 and Study 2) with the qualitative (Study 3) findings would help to inform interventions to reduce female offending. The literature review identified an attachment framework as appropriate for the research and highlighted a range of factors that warranted investigation. The findings from an internet survey (Study 1) in a mixed-gender community sample provided some support for the notion of genderspecific pathways to offending. Moreover, several variables were identified (e.g. emotional intelligence, empathy and anger) that warranted further examination in a second survey (Study 2) with a sample of women with a history of ACEs (ex- and non-offenders). The findings from the two studies suggested that emotion coping and management (EI) skills may foster resilience to negative experiences and also provided support for the use of an attachment framework in research that examines the negative sequelae of ACEs. The qualitative study (Study 3) utilised interpretative phenomenological analysis in order to gain a deeper insight into women’s trajectories from ACEs to psychological distress and offending. The findings strongly suggested that interventions may need to target deficits in emotion regulation in order to ameliorate the potential negative outcomes of chronic childhood adversity. The importance of context was also highlighted. Additionally, EI and an emotional approach to coping were identified as factors that were beneficial in terms of the women’s psychological well-being. The findings from the research highlighted emotion coping and management skills as useful targets for intervention in women ex-offender populations with a history of ACEs and associated psychological distress. Based on the findings reported in this thesis, recommendations were made with regard to future research in the field of ACEs, psychological distress and offending.
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Durosaiye, Isaiah Oluremi. "A framework for the assessment of nursing tasks and environmental demands". Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2017. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/20470/.
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The nursing profession is pivotal to the delivery of healthcare services within the UK National Health Service (NHS). However, studies have shown that an increasing number of older nurses are leaving the NHS as a result of the physical and cognitive demands of the nursing job. In particular, a growing body of literature suggests that ward nurses are at risk of sustaining work-related injuries due to the demands of their job. Responding to these challenges, the aim of this PhD research project was to develop a framework to support NHS ward nurses in the ward environment, by exploring how the architectural design features of NHS hospital wards could be improved to create a better fit between ward nurses and their work environment, by applying the Person-Environment Fit theory. The Nursing Tasks and Environmental Assessment Framework (NTEA Framework) consists of two components. The Nursing Tasks Demand Matrix (NTDM), which provides a nuanced understanding of nursing tasks on wards and the Ward Environment Assessment Tool (WEAT), which is used to conduct Post-Occupancy Evaluation of hospital wards. The two together forms the NTEA Framework, which offers a holistic approach to improving nurses’ quality of life in the workplace. The NTEA Framework may be used by facilities managers, human resource managers, occupational health advisors, ward managers and the NHS management, for refurbishments decisions, in drafting nurses’ job descriptions, to perform occupation health screening and for the assessment of the adequacy of NHS healthcare estates for ward nurses. The NTEA Framework is also a benchmarking information tool that could inform design of healthcare facilities.
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Sassu, Suarez Ferri Natalia. "Carlos Cruz-Diez : from figuration to kineticism". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/11817.
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The Venezuelan artist Carlos Cruz-Diez (b.1923) is an exemplar of modernism both in Europe and in Latin America. This thesis offers a broader understanding of his work by discussing his early paintings as a precedent to his more recognized production. Cruz-Diez's chief aim as an artist is the liberation of colour, a process undertaken with the motivation of being part of art history, in an avant-garde quest for what his original contribution to art could be. Transition, interaction, colour, space and time: these are the crucial concepts of the work of Cruz-Diez investigated in this thesis and positioned in the Latin American/European and Kinetic/Optical context. Today, Cruz-Diez's works from his first Physichromie (1959) onwards have been extensively explored both by him in numerous commentaries and by scholars. In contrast, only few works of the 1950s have been displayed and discussed. The key aspect of my argument is that 1959 is not an abrupt beginning to Cruz-Diez's work but the conclusive stage of a ten-year process of transition from figuration to abstraction. I demonstrate that there is indeed a drawn-out “passage” made of readings and experiments, of “successes” and" “failures”. I argue that this “passage” is articulated along three parallel paths: 1) the detachment from naturalistic or figurative representation; 2) the detachment from the concept of colour as a synonym of pigment on a support; and 3) the shift in emphasis from a “passive” to an “active” spectator.
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Cormier, Étienne. "Mesure de la teneur en eau en continu durant le séchage du foin en balles". Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25712/25712.pdf.
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Couture, Poulin Jean-François. "Du singe à l'homme : essai sur les fondements de la socialité humaine". Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25530/25530.pdf.
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Cormier, Cécile. "L'espoir d'un mieux-être malgré la schizophrénie : témoignages de personnes utilisatrices de services vivant dans la communauté". Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26225/26225.pdf.
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Couture, Geneviève. "Étude de l'Hydrolyse acide des herbicides atrazine, simazine et diuron en solution dans l'eau et à la surface de minéraux argileux déshydratés à l'air libre, au voisinage de 0 et 22 C". Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/27028/27028.pdf.
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Delage, Thierry. "Optimisation du dépôt de films minces de BSTO et de tricouches YBCO/BSTO/YBCO : phénomènes de croissance et d'interfaces, application à la réalisation de composants hyperfréquences accordables". Limoges, 2003. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/d1de461a-c852-41f8-9b5d-b50f1be423d1/blobholder:0/2003LIMO0048.pdf.
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Ce travail consiste en l'étude de films minces de BaxSr1-xTiO3 (BSTO), de bicouches BSTO/Y1Ba2Cu3O7-d (YBCO), de tricouches YBCO/BSTO/YBCO déposés par ablation laser sur substrats monocristallins de MgO. Il se divise en quatre parties principales. Le premier chapitre rappelle les concepts fondamentaux concernant les condensateurs ainsi que les propriétés des matériaux ferroélectriques utilisés. Le second chapitre décrit les dispositifs expérimentaux et modes opératoires mis en œuvre, qu'ils concernent la réalisation de cibles massives, l'élaboration des films ou la détermination de leurs propriétés. L'accent est mis sur l'analyse "in situ" RHEED (Reflexion High Energie Electron Diffraction) qui permet l'estimation de la rugosité de surface et de la qualité cristallographiques et diélectriques des films de BSTO déposés sur substrats monocristallins MgO en fonction des principaux paramètres de dépôt (température, pression d'oxygène, épaisseur). La maîtrise des contraintes à l'interface film/substrat à conduit à l'élaboration de films de BSTO de 900 nm, mono-orientés (00l) présentant des constantes diélectriques de 2000 à 12,5 GHz. Dans le quatrième chapitre nous avons étudié l'insertion de films de BSTO dans des micro-dispositifs radiofréquences (Multicouches pour deux compositions de BSTO x = 0,67 et 0,1). Pour ceci, des condensateurs tricouches YBCO/BSTO/YBCO, conçus pour un fonctionnement à basse température (77 K), sont caractérisés. Enfin, nous présentons l'insertion de films de BSTO amorphes et d'alumine dans des dispositifs MEMS (MicroElectroMechanical Systems)This work deals with the study of thin BaxSr1-xTiO3 (BSTO), bilayers BSTO/Y1Ba2Cu307-d (YBCO) and trilayers YBCO/BSTO/YBCO films deposited by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) on MgO single crystal substrate. It's divided in four principal parts. The first chapter recalls the essential concepts about capacitors and ferroelectric materials. The second chapter describes experimental devices and processes concerning massive target realization, layers elaboration and characterizations are particularly performed by in situ RHEED system. In the third chapter, the crystallographic and the dielectric properties of the BSTO thin film deposited on MgO single crystal are correlated with deposition parameters (temperature, oxygen pressure, thickness). As example, the control of stress at film/substrate interface leads to 900 nm mono-oriented (00l) BSTO layers with dielectric constant of about 2000 at 12. 5 GHz. In the last chapter, we present the insertion of BSTO thin films in radiofrequency microsystems (Multilayers with two BSTO compositions x = 0. 67 and x = 0. 1). YBCO/BSTO/YBCO trilayers are realized in order to work at liquid nitrogen temperature (77 K). Finally, amorphous BSTO and alumina thin films are used in microwave devices (MEMS MicroElectroMechanical System)
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Chailuecha, Chatkaew. "Methanol barrier layers : modified membrane electrode assemblies for the improvement of direct methanol fuel cell performance". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/methanol-barrier-layer(2c347cde-c81d-4024-90b0-a62e1bf94918).html.
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The direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) performance has been improved via two approaches. The first approach reduces methanol crossover in the membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) by incorporating a methanol barrier layer onto an anode electrode of the MEA. The second approach increases the triple phase boundaries via the modified morphology of catalyst layers in the MEA. Methanol barrier layers containing a composite layer of Nafion/mordenite (MOR), Nafion/zeolite Y (ZY), Nafion/montmorillonite (MMT) or Nafion/titanate (TN) were distributed onto the anode of an MEA. The performance of these MEAs were tested in a single cell DMFC for temperatures between 30-80 °C and methanol concentrations of 1 M-4 M and compared with a standard MEA to identify changes in power output. At 2 M methanol concentration and 80 °C, the MEAs featuring with Nafion/0.50 wt% MMT and Nafion/0.50 wt% TN delivered higher power densities, 19.76% and 26.60%, respectively, than that of standard MEA. The catalyst morphology has been adjusted by the dilution of catalyst ink to prevent an agglomeration of catalyst particles, resulting in the increased triple phase boundaries which are the phases for electrochemical reactions and for the transportation of electron and proton products. The new-standard MEA presented the best improvement in power density of 81.15% over the conventional counterpart at 80 °C and 2 M methanol concentration. This modified procedure was further utilised for MEAs fabrication. Further investigation has been carried out by the selected Nafion/MMT layer. The MMT loading of 0.25 wt%-1.00 wt% were incorporated onto the barrier layer where the Nafion/0.25 wt% MMT layer illustrated the best performance. This MEA attributed the highest power density of 69.14 mW cm⁻² which is 2.76% higher than 67.23 mW cm⁻² of the new-standard MEA at 80 °C and 2 M methanol concentration. The best improvement in power density, 27.09%, was obtained at low temperature and low methanol concentration of 30 °C and 1 M. The power density was 25.30 mW cm⁻² when compare to 19.91 mW cm⁻² of the new-standard MEA. These results suggest that the methanol barrier layer and the modified morphology of catalyst layer accomplish the aim of improving DMFC performance.
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Yahiaoui, Achref. "Etude de composants MEMS RF à Nanogaps pour les systèmes de communications sans fil reconfigurables". Limoges, 2014. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/976dd912-c811-4343-8b27-cf9102fb02e2/blobholder:0/2014LIMO4015.pdf.
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Au cours de ces dernières années, l'apparition de nouvelles normes de communication sans fil a introduit de nouveaux défis au niveau de la conception matérielle des émetteurs et des récepteurs. A l'échelle du composant, une faible consommation d'énergie, une grande linéarité et une large bande passante, sont parmi les exigences les plus importantes que chaque composant doit remplir afin de parvenir à des systèmes sans fil de hautes performances. A l'échelle du système, la tendance adoptée dans le domaine des télécommunications sans fil est la conception d'appareils multi-bandes, multi-modes, avec un nombre de fonctionnalités toujours plus important. Et ce, tout en évoluant vers des architectures toujours plus performantes, plus petites, plus légères et moins coûteuses. La technologie MEMS RF (Micro-Electro-Mechanical-System) permet la création de dispositifs et de circuits qui peuvent répondre aux exigences mentionnées ci-dessus. L'idée de base des MEMS RF est d'utiliser des structures mécaniques mobiles miniaturisées afin de concevoir des résonateurs de hautes performances, des capacités variables ou varactors, des inductances, et des commutateurs. Les champs d'application englobent les terminaux de téléphonie, les stations de base, les antennes à balayage électronique, les radars multi-usage, les instruments de test de haute précision et les charges utiles de satellites. Pour toutes ces applications, les commutateurs MEMS RF à actionnement électrostatique ont fait l'objet d'une attention particulière. Les commutateurs MEMS RF présentent des performances supérieures en termes de pertes, de linéarité, de consommation de puissance et de fréquence de coupure par rapport des homologues semi-conducteurs, comme les diodes PIN ou bien les interrupteurs FET (Field-Effect-Transistor). Cependant, ces dispositifs souffrent toutefois d'un certain nombre de problèmes liés à la tension d'actionnement qui reste élevée et doit être appliquée d'une façon permanente, aux mécanismes de défaillance notamment le fluage et à l'intégration, dans le cas des réseaux de commutation. C'est sur ces aspects que porte le travail de thèse présenté dans ce manuscrit, dans la perspective développer de tels composants et d'améliorer leurs performancesIn recent years, the emergence of new standards for wireless communication has introduced new challenges in the physical design of transmitters and receivers. A low energy consumption, high linearity and bandwidth, are among the most important that each component must satisfy in order to achieve high performance wireless systems requirements. At the system level, the trend adoptedin the field of wireless devices is the multi-band design, multi-mode, with greater functionnality. And, while moving towards ever more efficient architectures, smaller, lighter and less expensive. RF MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical System) technology allows the creation of devices and circuits that can meet these requirements mentioned above. The basic idea of MEMS RF is use mobile miniaturized structures to design high performance resonators, variable capacitorsor varactors, inductors, and switches. Fields of application include mobile terminals, base stations, antennas, electronic scanning, multi-purpose radar, testing instruments and high precision satellite payloads. For all these applications, the RF MEMS switches using electrostatic actuation have been given special attention. RF MEMS switches have superior performance in terms of loss, linearity, power consumption and cut-off frequency compared to semiconductors, such as PIN diodes or switches FET (Field-Effect-Transistor). However, these devices suffer from a number of problems associated with the actuation voltage which remains high and has to be applied in a permanent manner, besides, the failure mechanisms including creep and integration, in the case of switching networks. It is on these aspects that carries the thesis presented in this manuscript, in the perspective of developing such components and improve their performance
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Couture, Dominic. "Modélisation et optimisation d'un véhicule hypersonique : comparaison entre un véhicule de type SSRéacteur et SSCRéacteur". Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29268/29268.pdf.
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Cornillier, Fabien. "Le problème d'approvisionnement de stations d'essence : modélisation, algorithmes exacts et heuristiques". Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24487/24487.pdf.
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Couture, Jean-Michel. "Étude des principes économiques et enseignements des expériences antérieures dans l'éventualité d'une réforme de la politique laitière canadienne". Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26167/26167.pdf.
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Schoiswohl, Florian. "Unemployment dynamics in Austria - The role of gender-specific worker-flows". WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2019. http://epub.wu.ac.at/6863/1/wp282.pdf.
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There is a growing literature studying unemployment dynamics by means of worker flow data between labor market states. This paper contributes to this literature stream by analyzing the dynamics of the Austrian unemployment rate applying novel worker flow data for 2005-2016. Our main results can be summarized along two dimensions: First, we show that worker flows between unemployment and inactivity are major determinants of unemployment fluctuations in Austria. Second, we show for the working-age population that the contribution of male worker flows to the overall variation of the unemployment rate is higher, but that this relation turns when it comes to the youth cohort. The gender differences are probably related to the early occupational and educational segregation of young men and women in Austria. The paper concludes by stressing a strong need for further empirical and theoretical research which aims to link structural differences in an economy with different responses to the business cycle.Series: Department of Economics Working Paper Series
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Schoiswohl, Florian y Michael Wüger. "A Representative Matched Cross-section Survey for Austria - Measuring Worker Flow Dynamics with the Austrian Labour Force Survey". WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2016. http://epub.wu.ac.at/4935/1/wp223.pdf.
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While worker flow analysis has grown in importance in many countries, Austria still lacks a specific longitudinal dataset as a prerequisite to perform similar analyses. For this reason, this article provides a coherent procedure to construct a longitudinal dataset based on the rotational panel structure of the Austrian quarterly LFS from 2004 to 2014. The procedure, which is available for researcher, is grounded on the discussion of several related and important issues inherent in constructing this sort of longitudinal data: First, it deals with the construction of the quarterly-matched dataset and the quality-of-measurement of several labour market variables. Second, the paper analyses non-response as a sample selection process, and shows that the selected (quarterly-matched) dataset causes biased estimates of worker flows. Third, the article proposes an iterative raking procedure to obtain survey weights as a bias-correcting device for any future analysis. Based on these adjustments, we present unbiased time-series of worker flows and transition rates, and conclude that the employment-unemployment margin is highly sensitive to economic shocks and that the Austrian labour market is additionally shaped by large movements within the participation margin. (authors' abstract)Series: Department of Economics Working Paper Series
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Couture, Stéphane. "L'itinéraire historiographique de la "figure" du coureur de bois, 1744-2005". Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24991/24991.pdf.
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Couturier, Serge. "Génétique et conditionnement physique des trois écotypes de caribou du Québec-Labrador". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/19444.
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Couture, Geneviève. "Le traitement de l'information sociale des enfants atteints de déficience motrice cérébrale intégrés en classe régulière". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/44909.
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Les enfants déficients moteurs cérébraux (DMC), intégrés en classe régulière, présentent des problèmes d'ajustement social. Le modèle de traitement de l'information sociale (TIS) s'attarde au lien entre l'ajustement social et le TIS des enfants (Crick & Dodge, 1994). L'objectif est d'évaluer les attributions de l'intention (AI), une étape du TIS, auprès de 31 enfants DMC en les comparant à 31 enfants témoins. Les AI sont évaluées au moyen de situations sociales fictives. Les résultats indiquent que les AI des enfants DMC se distinguent des enfants non DMC dans les situations «d'entrée». Les enfants DMC émettent des AI significativement plus hostiles que leurs pairs lors d'une entrée à la cafétéria de l'école. Les enfants DMC font davantage d'AI hostiles reliées à leur apparence physique et moins d'AI reliées à leur conduite. Des facteurs propres à l'enfant DMC et à son environnement sont rapportés pour discuter des résultats.
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Shuaib, Norshah. "Energy efficient fibre reinforced composite recycling". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/energy-efficient-fibre-reinforced-composite-recycling(554f1670-c818-4c74-9bfc-af3b51317e9b).html.
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Composite materials are widely used in various sectors such as aerospace, automotive and wind energy. Global increase of demand, particularly for fibre reinforced plastic (FRP) composites, unavoidably lead to high volumes of manufacturing and end of life waste. Currently, the most common disposal route for composite waste is through landfill. However, current and impending legislations such as Directive on Landfill of Waste (1999/31/EC) and End of Life Vehicle (ELV) Directive (2000/53/EC), have limited the amount of composite waste permitted for landfilling. In addition, production of virgin composite materials requires higher energy input in comparison to other counterpart materials such as steel and aluminium. This calls for an urgent need for composite waste to be recycled and reused in close loop and cross sector applications. The composite materials have a heterogeneous nature. Thermoset matrixes, which are used in most high grade applications, have three dimensional cross-linked structures which make melting and remoulding impossible. Such complex nature requires appropriate composite recycling technologies, a number of which are currently under research and development. At this early stage it is important to select and develop sustainable solutions in terms of economic performance and reduced environmental impact. Unfortunately at present, there is limited high integrity environmental related data in literature to help assess the life cycle benefits of composite recycling. This information is vital in exploring environmental credentials of composite recycling processes, and to ensure resource efficient use of manufacturing and end of life composite waste. The work reported in this PhD thesis deals with the investigation of energy demand of composite recycling processes. Composite waste and demand in the UK market was captured through Sankey diagrams. The diagrams, combined with environmental footprints of virgin material and recycling processes, were used to identify resource benefits of composite recycling initiatives. Furthermore, environmental data for mechanical recycling of glass fibre composites was derived through new and novel bottom up process science inspired mathematical energy modelling approaches. It was found that the process specific energy demand is dependent on the processing rate. The effects of key process variables in mechanical recycling on process energy demand and recyclate quality were also investigated. This study highlights the importance of selecting the right conditions for running recycling processes and generating recyclate with a high market value. Potential of new recycling techniques, namely high voltage fragmentation, was also assessed. Performance of the method, which was originally developed for fracturing rocks, was compared to the mature mechanical recycling process. The final part of this study used a life cycle assessment method to evaluate end of life options for an automotive composite product with the highlights on positive environmental impacts of recycling scenarios. Collectively, the findings from this study have brought together considerations on environmental and maturity status of composite recycling processes, into a comprehensive and updated analysis. The vision is that the knowledge integration between environmental and performance aspects will promote the concept of sustainable use of composite materials and a circular economy. The new datasets developed will enable end of life options for composite waste to be evaluated in life cycle assessment. In the absence of such information, the life cycle impact of composite material use in products cannot be fully or correctly evaluated.
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Azgin, Bilge. "The uneasy democratization of Turkey's laic-ethnocracy". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-uneasy-democratization-of-turkeys-laicethnocracy(694eb1cb-c852-4f76-879a-54ddd29534c1).html.
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This study aims to scrutinize Turkey’s uneasy democratization process during the post-Helsinki period (1999-2010). The research design of the thesis takes the form of a single case study as it seeks to critically link Turkey’s democratization problems with the wider theoretical literature on secularism, post-Islamism and democratization. Rather than witnessing the clear-cut victory of liberal democracy over non-democracy as espoused by Fukuyamian eschatology, the advent of the Post-Cold War Era witnessed the proliferation of hybrid grey zone which stood between the continuum of democracy and conventional non-democracy. As a result, many scholars opted to construct ‘hybrid regime typologies’ in order to capture the incongruous yet enduring coexistence of partially democratic and non-democratic features within each political unit. In line with contemporary developments in the democratization literature, this thesis opts to construct a multi-dimensional hybrid regime typology for the case of Turkey. Besides seeking to capture the core regime principles of the Kemalist one-party dictatorship (1923-1946) under the label of ‘laic-ethnocracy’, the theoretical framework of the thesis provides an assessable normative benchmark for delineating Turkey’s democratization trajectory since the initiation of the multi-party era (1946-1950). After demonstrating how Turkey’s successive ‘controlled transitions’ (1946-1997) consistently aimed at perpetuating ethnocratic hegemony and obstructing the democratic transformation of incompatible aspects of the Kemalist laicism, the thesis seeks to scrutinize the impact of the EU candidacy in shaping the pattern and outcome of the recent democratization process in the domestic arena. In this respect, the thesis underlines how the ongoing political ‘transition process’ during the post-Helsinki decade (1999-2009) qualitatively differs from all of the previous transitions which had been guided and forcefully controlled by traditional Kemalist state elites. Yet, the thesis also exposes the limited and partial commitment of the post-Islamist AKP government to forge the democratic transformation of Turkey’s enduring ‘laic-ethnocratic’ regime paradigm namely by assessing its reform performance towards the cultural rights of ethnic and belief-rights of the non-Sunni Muslim minorities (e.g., the sizeable Kurdish ethnic and Muslim-Alevi religious minority). Overall, the thesis characterizes Turkey’s ‘post-Helsinki transition’ process as a case of uneasy democratization. In this context, the term ‘uneasy democratization’ does not only highlight the inconsistencies of main domestic political actors in forging clear-cut democratic transformation of Turkey’s enduring ‘laic-ethnocracy’ regime paradigm, but also to a chronic failure to soothe the deeply-seated cleavages within the socio-political arena.
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Cormier, Marie-Andrée. "LA SPATIALISATION DE L'IMAGE VIDÉO. Exit, sortir du cadre pour voir". Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/27643/27643.pdf.
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Schintler, Laurie A. y Manfred M. Fischer. "Big Data and Regional Science: Opportunities, Challenges, and Directions for Future Research". WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2018. http://epub.wu.ac.at/6122/1/Fischer_etal_2018_Big%2Ddata.pdf.
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Recent technological, social, and economic trends and transformations are contributing to the production of what is usually referred to as Big Data. Big Data, which is typically defined by four dimensions -- Volume, Velocity, Veracity, and Variety -- changes the methods and tactics for using, analyzing, and interpreting data, requiring new approaches for data provenance, data processing, data analysis and modeling, and knowledge representation. The use and analysis of Big Data involves several distinct stages from "data acquisition and recording" over "information extraction" and "data integration" to "data modeling and analysis" and "interpretation", each of which introduces challenges that need to be addressed. There also are cross-cutting challenges, which are common challenges that underlie many, sometimes all, of the stages of the data analysis pipeline. These relate to "heterogeneity", "uncertainty", "scale", "timeliness", "privacy" and "human interaction". Using the Big Data analysis pipeline as a guiding framework, this paper examines the challenges arising in the use of Big Data in regional science. The paper concludes with some suggestions for future activities to realize the possibilities and potential for Big Data in regional science.Series: Working Papers in Regional Science