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Škutová, Pavla. "Aromaticky aktivní látky vybraných druhů bylin". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-376780.
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This diploma thesis deals with the identification of aroma active compounds in medicinal herbs. The group consists of 5 types of herbs: lemon balm (Melissa officinalis), pot marigold (Calendula officinalis), clary sage (Salvia sclarea), milk thistle (Silybum marianum), goat’s rue (Galega officinalis). These plants are known for their positive effects in folk medicine. The SPME-GC-MS method was chosen to characterize the fragrances. During the identification of volatile compounds, emphasis was put on suspected fragrance allergens listed in EC Regulation 1223/2009 in Annex III. Overall 106 compounds were identified together with 8 allergens in lemon balm, pot marigold contained 104 compounds with 7 allergens included, 82 compounds including 5 allergens in clary sage, 73 compounds were identified in milk thistle including 6 allergens and 110 compounds with 9 allergens included in goat’s rue.
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Chmelová, Nikola. "Charakterizace bylin rodu Plectrantus pro využití v potravinářství". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-449723.
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The aim of this diploma thesis was to determine the optimal extraction conditions for obtaining an extract from the plant Plectranthus amboinicus. Plectranthus amboinicus is an aromatic herb of the Lamiaceae family containing a large number of bioactive compounds. Because of this, it has a number of biological effects – antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, analgesic, etc. To maintain the maximum of sensory and nutritionally valuable components of P. amboinicus, a simple maceration of fresh chopped herb was chosen. Maceration was performed under the following conditions: 40 minutes at 40 ° C, solvent 40% ethanol, weight 20 g of herb per 100 ml of solvent. The extract prepared under these optimal conditions was comprehensively characterized in terms of the content of total polyphenols, their concentration was determined to 0,08 ± 0,02 mgGEA·ml-1, which corresponds to 0,40 ± 0,07 mgGEA·g-1 of the plant. The antioxidant activity of the extract was 241,24 ± 29,24 µgTEAC·ml-1 and the radical scavenging activity of ABTS•+ was determined to be 49,29 ± 5,97 %. The antimicrobial activity was verified by the agar well diffusion method. Two types of bacteria were selected for the determination – gram-positive Bacillus cereus, gram-negative Escherichia coli and yeast Candida glabrata. The results showed that the extracts have the highest antimicrobial activity against B. cereus. There were 64 volatile aromatic compounds identified in the extract, with monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes dominating. The obtained results confirm that P. amboinicus, or its prepared extract, has a good potential for use as a new and non-traditional flavor in various foods and delicacies, which can also increase their nutritional value.
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Chytil, Dalibor. "Optimalizace extrakce bioaktivních látek z bylin do různých druhů méně známých olejových základů". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-433126.
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This diploma thesis deals with the optimization of processes for extraction of bioactive lipophilic compounds from fruits of sea buckthorn (Hippophae Rhamnoides) into various types of plant oil bases using simple maceration. The theoretical part of this thesis deals with the characterization of this herb, its botanical classification, traditional use, chemical composition and medicinal effects. Increased attention is also paid to the characterization of individual types of plant oils used, namely camellia, camellia organic, passionflower, kukui and kiwi oil. The experimental part of the thesis deals with application of theoretical knowledge. The profile of total and free fatty acids for individual plant oil bases was determined by GC/FID, furthet the basic fat numbers were also determined. When optimizing the extraction, emphasis was placed not only on the effect of the extraction agent used, but also on the extraction time (1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, 21 and 66 days). The macerates were continuously subjected to the determination of selected parameters (total amount of carotenoids, total amount of phytosterols, lutein, neoxanthin, astaxanthin, stigmasterol, -sitosterol and vitamin E) using UV-VIS spectroscopy and HPLC/PDA. Likewise, the peroxide number was monitored during maceration to assess the degree of oxidative degradation of macerates. The recovery of selected total parameters in individual oils did not differ significantly in most cases. On the contrary, the yield of individual monitored parameters differed significantly. At the same time, static maceration under our conditions was not very suitable for the extraction of vitamin E, stigmasterol and total phytosterols.
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Vlasák, Tomáš. "Fytogeografická analýza rozšíření vybraných xero-termofilních taxonů bylin podél kaňonu Sázavy ve středních Čechách". Master's thesis, Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-316007.
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This study is focused on a phytogeographic analysis of the distribution of selected xero thermophilous herb taxa along the Sázava Canyon in Central Bohemia. The research was done in 62 localities scattered along the major river stretch from Ledeč nad Sázavou to the confluence of Sázava with the Vltava Riever. The Sázava River was divided according to the river mileage into 8 even sections where there were 6 or 7 larger representative localities further selected. In each locality there was obtained the semi quantitative floristic inventory of species according to a pre prepared check in list with 57 taxa, further a detailed exploration of the locality was performed including the measurement of the area (in ha), direct perpendicular distance to the Sázava riverbed (in km), distance of the locality related to the river mileage, proportion of slopes of southern expositions, by means of conservative method using paper maps, calculation of the coefficient of variation of local altitudes (i.e. the assessment of vertical complexity), reading of geographical coordinates by tourist GPS receiver and finally a detailed determination of bedrock types at individual localities. The results were processed and then statistically evaluated in the program CANOCO software for multivariate analyses. The CANOCO program calculated that the influence of species composition in the given areas describes approximately 8.6 % of the total variability of individual species. This influence is proven to be statistically significant on the alpha level = 5%. The analysis, using observed data, calculated that 28.9 % of total variability of the vegetation composition in the studied floristic areas is influenced by the chosen variables. This work may serve as a comprehensive resource of the sites for future research, also it brings a valuable floristic data for the nature conservation purposes.
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Kabourková, Eliška. "Vliv zkrmování bylin na antioxidační aktivitu jater". Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-169518.
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Knotková, Kateřina. "Využití bylin v procesu úsporného hospodaření s vodou". Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-426562.
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The presented master study is focused on sustainable rain water management with emphasis on proper use of plants in the process. This thesis connects information from foreign countries and puts them into context of Czechclimatic conditions and Czechlegal and technical standards. It defines term “dešťový záhon“ (rain flower bed) as a landscape element for rainwater infiltration that combines aesthetical, ecological and water management functions. Technical aspect and assortment of usable plant species is critically evaluated. Suitable technical variants are “vsakovací průleh” (rain garden), “vsakovací průleh s rýhou” (bioretencion system) a “vsakovací průleh s rýhou a regulovaným odtokem” (bioretencion system). The study includes also few examples of realized rain water management solutions. Drought tolerant species looks surprisingly as most promising for use in “rain flower beds“. Combination of annual, biennial etc. plants is possible; however perennials are most promising, while shrubs and trees usage is limited. “Rain flower bed“ can be established by plantingor sowing. Both having its pros and cons the combination of these two approaches is apparently best, because sowing allows reduce initial costs of new greenery, while planted perennials prevents erosion and operate as structural plants. Additionally 30 plant species were tested, whether they are usable for direct sowing. Experiment was established within the grant project IGA - ZF/2018 - AP001 on April 2018 in Mendeleum grounds of Faculty of Horticulture, Lednice. Preliminary results show low germination rates that are significantly dependent on climatic conditions. Of the 30 only six can recommend for now: Achillea ptarmica, Asclepias tuberosa, Cichorium intybus, Coreopsis lanceolata ´Sterntaller´, Phuopsis stylosa, Oenothera biennis. Better results can be probably achieved by sowing plants in autumn, however results of the autumn part of the experiment will be known after submission of this work.
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Bergová, Lucie. "Mikrobiologická kvalita čerstvých bylin dovážených ze třetích zemí". Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-427640.
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This thesis focuses on microbiological quality of fresh herbs from third countries. Analysis of the fresh herbs was performed in a laboratory. Herbal samples was also compared with samples from the Czech Republic and from private production. Some of the herbal packs (consisting of mint, basil and rosemary) were purchased on a public market while others were collected from private productions. Microbiological quality of fresh herbs is very important because the consumers uses them without any proper heat treatment. The laboratory experiment determined the content of the molds and the yeasts, the total number of microorganisms, the coliform microorganisms and the Escherichia coli. All presented samples were also tested to check any presence of Salmonella spp. There were tested 24 samples of the different herbs of different origin. The method of conducting such experiment was plate-based. The results show that does not matter the origin of the herb, but it depends on the type of herb. It was found that the limits for the determination of bacteria Escherichia coli were exceeded. The presence of Salmonella spp. in 25 grams of herb was detected.
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JAHNOVÁ, Zuzana. "Společenstva epigeických brouků plantáží rychle rostoucích bylin a okolních biotopů". Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-52828.
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The aim of the work was to study the communities of epigeic beetles in plantations of energetic plants (Dactylis glomerata, Arrhenatherum elatius, Phalaris arundinacea, Helianthus tuberosus) and in surrounding lawn biotope. The method of pitfall trapping was used for beetle sampling from 2008 to 2010 during the growing season. Carabid beetles (Carabidae) and rove beetles (Staphylinidae) were used as bioindicators. In total 69 species and 1789 individuals were captured and evaluated. Eurytopic species were more common than stenotopic in all habitats, also the value of the index of beetle communities was low in all plots. RDA analysis proved the influence of surrounding biotope on beetle communities. It was concluded that communities of epigeic beetles might be also affected by the climatic factors, long termed population fluctuations of individual species, edge effect and microclimate inside the vegetation.
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Nováková, Eliška. "Produkce alelopatických látek u vybraných bylin a jejich biologická účinnost". Master's thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-430276.
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The thesis is focused on the study of allelopathy and allelopathic effects of Ambrosia artemisiifolia and Festuca rubra on selected species of herbs. The first theoretical part describes plants relationships and available information about allelopathy. The second part deals with the influence of Ambrosia artemisiifolia on the growth of Plantago lanceolata, Lotus corniculatus, Arrhenatherum elatius, Festuca rubra, Phacelia tanacetifolia and Pisum sativum in outdoor conditions in different cultivation substrates. The effect of extracts from roots of Festuca rubra and synthetic m-tyrosine on the germination of seeds Ambrosia artemisiifolia was evaluated. The obtained results confirmed the effect of Ambrosia artemisiifolia on the growth of the studied plants and the effect of the tested solutions on germination seeds of Ambrosia.
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Krejčí, Filip. "Domácí druhy bylin a jejich uplatnění v zahradní a krajinářské architektuře". Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-249884.
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The dissertation is focused on the issue of the native herbs, their application and the technology of planting which are used in the landscape architecture. The scope of this thesis looks into the history of fruition and in detail looks into current trends, which support their broader assertion. The writer picked variety of natural communities based on the phytocoenological literature which could be inspiration for others architecture's outputs.The 5 examples of contemporary executions have been used for documentation of the application of selected range of plants, their kind of planting and the source of author's inspiration. The general proposition is verified on the particular exemplary area in monastery garden in Vrchlabí. The 5 beds have been designed for educational purposes with the fruition of variety of fontal kinds of herbs. The design part is focusing on similar documentation of designed assortment, the way of planting and budget.
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JAKŠOVÁ, Marie. "Sledování podmínek uplatnění a výskytu vybraných druhů jetelovin a bylin v travních porostech". Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-251791.
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Understanding the importance and the possible use of clover in permanent grassland is very important. Their irreplaceable role in nitrogen fixation and enrich the soil of this essential element is very important. The significance of herbs in grassland is also significant, even though its importance is often overlooked. Herbs not only serve as indicators of habitat conditions, but also can improve the quality and palatability of forage. If we know the herbs and legumes and their habitat requirements will help us select the most suitable way of management and the effective use of the potential of the habitat. The aim of the thesis was to observe conditions of use and the occurrence of selected legumes and herbs in TTP. Research can therefore conclude that the biggest influence on the composition of the grassland have ecological conditions. Way management can to some extent affect the crop themselves, but the biggest factor remains what we can not influence and that is the weather. The results also shows that the richer pastures.
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Řezáčová, Tereza. "Byli jednou dva, aneb "inspirované herectví" Miroslava Horníčka a Miloše Kopeckého". Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-339496.
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Synopsis This diploma thesis describes an artistic cooperation of two czech actors Miroslav Horníček and Miloš Kopecký who had been acting together from their beginnings in the Avant-garde Větrník Theatre, the Satira Theatre, the National Theatre and even the ABC Theatre where they started to perform as a comic duo. They brought a humour of the Osvobozené Theatre back to the stage while they set the theatre poetics on, particularly in an improvisational revue called Tvrďák. Their short artistic cooperation finished in Karlín Musical Theatre where were presented both of the author's plays. One of them was standing on the top and the second one on the bottom of spectator's interest. The main focus of my master thesis is based on the analysis of their common productions and on the final appreciation of that artistic duo whose exceptionality mainly consisted of an outstanding acting, a brilliant intelligence and a quick volubility.
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VONDRÁŠKOVÁ, Barbora. "Vliv obsahu potenciálně účinných bylin v pastevních porostech na příjem krmiv a jejich konzervaci". Doctoral thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-85086.
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The aim of this dissertation was a representation of chemical composition of herb samples, NDF degradability examination by in sacco method and energy evaluation. Degradability of dry matter was also part of results. During the years 2006 and 2007, twenty-four sampling of pasture herbage from three different farms and six sampling of meadow herbage were realized. The other aim of this study was a monitoring of pasture herbage composition in three farms using the seven-member combination scale abundance and dominance Braun-Blanquet. Chemical composition and high of pasture herbage was also determined. The aim of other study was to determine which of two kinds of dicotyledonous plants- Sanguisorba officinalis and Plantago lanceolata added to a meadow hay in amount of 10 % goats prefer. Seven goats of brown shorthaired and white shorthaired breed were used in four preference tests. The other part of this trial was a monitoring the influence of Plantago lanceolata on goat milk composition. There was 45 % of Plantago lanceolata added in a meadow hay for experimental goats.
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CEJNAROVÁ, Adéla. "Výsadby trvalých bylin a možnosti využití stávajících porostů jako botanické expozice v areálu ZOO Ohrada". Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-116795.
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The tesist are permanent plantings in locality Zoologická zahrada Ohrada in Hluboká nad Vltavou with a focus on the use and risks plants in plantings. Were created lists of plants represented the entire zoo. The result is a an overview of all plants on the territory and plans with plot plants. In the annex is draft of botanical guide in the form of information boards and handout to the pavilion Matamata.
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Undus, Lucie. "Váhové změny u pacientů s Pakinsonovou nemocí, kteří byli léčeni hlubokou mozkovou stimulací". Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-389063.
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1 Abstract Body weight changes have been described in the course of Parkinson's disease (PD) as well as following bilateral deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN DBS) performed in advanced PD. According to the literature weight changes occur in 50-100% of patients who undergo STN DBS. In the last 15 years extensive efforts have been put in understanding the underlying mechanisms behind the weight changes following STN DBS in advanced PD patients however many sources still report conflicting evidence. Improved motor status, reduction in dyskinesias, decrease in energy expenditure, dopaminergic medication reduction, modification of food intake, hormonal factors, regional effects of stimulation were all speculated to cause this weight gain. We hypothesized that patients who underwent STN DBS procedure in our center would gain weight as reported in the literature (study 1, study 2). The etiology of post STN DBS weight gain has not been fully elucidated up to date, in our second study we further hypothesized that the weight changes are due to dysregulation of food related hormones and parameters (study 2). In the third study we hypothesized that weight gain is associated with position of active electrode contact (study 3). Aims of the study: The primary aims of our studies were to assess body...
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Blahníková, Hana. "Jak často a proč byli Češi diskriminováni? Srovnání situace před a po roce 1989". Master's thesis, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-271524.
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This thesis focuses on research of social discrimination in the Czech Republic before and after the year of 1989. It is viewed through experiences of Czech people with specific causes of discrimination through which the occurrence of discrimination is mapped. Thesis begins with definition of social discrimination and report of relevant theories. That is followed with specification of researched problem and investigative questions, used files and variables. Further more it interprets executed focus group research. The first empirical part of the research, a secondary analysis of social discrimination, aims to identify changes that had happened through 1990s and to explore specific causes of discrimination and its relations. Time context is emphasized within the research. The analysis is completed by comparison of western and post communist countries in the years of 1991 and 1995. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Krasnova, Anna. "Kształtowanie relacji pomiędzy pracodawcą a byłymi pracownikami". Phd diss., 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11089/26751.
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Derekrutacja, postrzegana jako proces rozstania się z pracownikiem, jest ostatnim etapem cyklu życia pracownika w organizacji. Często, choć błędnie, rozumiana jest również jako ostatni etap relacji pomiędzy pracodawcą a pracownikiem. Tymczasem odejście pracownika z firmy nie musi, wręcz nie powinno, sprowadzać się do całkowitego zerwania relacji pomiędzy tymi dwoma podmiotami. Odwołując się do teorii wymiany społecznej, należy zauważyć, że utrzymywanie relacji pomiędzy pracodawcą a byłymi pracownikami może być korzystne dla obu stron. Programy dedykowane byłym zatrudnionym (ang. corporate alumni program) mają takie światowe firmy jak: Microsoft, Goldman Sachs, McKinsey&Company, EY, PricewaterhouseCoopers czy KPMG. Tymczasem nieliczne badania realizowane w tym zakresie wskazują, że większość organizacji nie ma żadnej strategii utrzymania relacji z byłymi zatrudnionymi.
Problem badawczy rozprawy dotyczy czynników determinujących kształtowanie relacji pomiędzy pracodawcą a byłymi pracownikami. W szczególności autorkę interesowało: jak zachęcić pracowników i pracodawców do utrzymywania relacji po odejściu zatrudnionego z organizacji oraz jak kierować tymi relacjami, by zapewnić obu stronom korzyści z nich wynikające. Celem rozprawy było stworzenie modelu kształtowania relacji pomiędzy pracodawcą a byłymi pracownikami.
Na podstawie analizy literatury postawiono następującą tezę główną: trudności w kształtowaniu relacji z byłymi pracownikami wynikają z postaw i działań pracodawców dotyczących tych relacji. W celu kompleksowego opisania badanego zjawiska wykorzystano triangulację metod badawczych.
Rozprawę podzielono na pięć rozdziałów. Dwa pierwsze mają charakter teoretyczny, zaś trzy pozostałe – empiryczny.Badania zostały przeprowadzone w ramach projektu badawczego pt.: "Relacje z byłym pracodawcą w opinii pracowników biorących udział w procesie derekrutacji" sfinansowanego z dotacji celowej MNiSZW na zadania badawcze w ramach badań naukowych lub prac rozwojowych oraz zadań z nimi związanych, służących rozwojowi młodych naukowców oraz uczestników studiów doktoranckich Wydziału Zarządzania Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego