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1
Rodriguez, Kenneth R. "Building Blocks for Nanotechnology: Energetics and Structure of Acetylenic Chanis, Cumulenic Chains and the [5,5] Armchair Single-Walled Nanotube." The Ohio State University, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1419949909.
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Bidmonová, Renata. "Energetický posudek a průkaz energetické náročnosti budovy." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-409858.
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The aim of the diploma thesis is to evaluate the energy assessment and elaboration of energy performance certificates of the building. The building is an apartment building in Vítkov. The theoretical part deals with centralized heat supply. The calculation part contains a more detailed description of individual relationships and calculation procedures that are used to process energy performance certificates of the building. Furthermore, proposals for measures to improve the energy performance of buildings. In this part there is also a proposal of individual equipment of the new boiler room and thermographic measurement. In the project part there is an energy assessment assessing the building in two variants with individual heat sources. The evaluation is carried out from an energy, economic and environmental aspect.
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Chen, Yuyao. "Contribution of machine learning to the prediction of building energy consumption." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, INSA, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ISAL0119.
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La prédiction de la consommation énergétique des bâtiments est aujourd’hui un point-clé de la transition énergétique, qui vise à atténuer les effets du réchauffement climatique. La quantité de données disponible étant de plus en plus importante, les modèles prédictifs dits « data-driven » voient leur performances croître constamment. Parmi ces modèles, ceux issus du Machine Learning sont probablement les plus efficaces. Au sein de cette thèse, nous proposons de réaliser un état de l’art complet des contributions du Machine Learning à la la prédiction de la consommation énergétique des bâtiments, via deux axes principaux : l’étape de pré-traitement des données préalable à l’utilisation d’un modèle de Machine Learning et les modèles en tant que tels, jusqu’aux plus complexes qui sont les réseaux neuronaux profonds. Malgré les performances de ces derniers, prédire avec précision la consommation d’électricité lorsque de fortes variations dans le temps apparaissent reste un défi. Pour le relever, nous proposons d’explorer deux voies : l’utilisation de fonctions de pertes soft-DTW et l’ajout de variables exogènes. L’application, à des données réelles, d’un réseau neuronal résiduel LSTM avec la fonction de perte soft-DTW, mène à une amélioration significative via notamment une meilleure compréhension des évolutions associées aux séries temporelles étudiées, en particulier pour les pics. Cependant, les métriques d’erreur classiques se révèlent insuffisantes pour évaluer et valider ou non le modèle prédictif. Nous introduisons donc une analyse de matrice de confusion et deux nouvelles métriques d’erreur : l’erreur de localisation temporelle du pic et l’erreur d’amplitude du pic basée sur l’algorithme DTW. Nos résultats révèlent que le soft-DTW surpasse les fonctions de perte MSE et MAE avec une réduction des erreurs associées à ces métriques, menant à une meilleure précision du modèle global. Afin de pénaliser la fonction de perte soft-DTW, un terme additionnel est introduit parmi l’erreur MSE, l’erreur MAE et l’indice de distorsion temporelle. Les résultats montrent que la pénalité MSE est la plus efficace pour réduire les problèmes de sur-estimation des pics et la réduction de l’effet dit « aigu » de ces pics. Concernant les variables exogènes, leur ajout combiné à la fonction de perte soft-DTW peut améliorer de façon significative notre modèle de prédiction : ainsi, les variables dites calendaires (temporelles) améliorent généralement la performance, en particulier si leur corrélation de Pearson avec la variable cible est importante. Cependant, si cette corrélation est relativement faible, l’inclusion de variables calendaires a un effet négatif sur la performance du modèle. Une conclusion similaire a été faite pour les variables météorologiques<br>The ongoing energy transition, pivotal to mitigate global warming, could significantly benefit from advances in building energy consumption prediction. With the advent of big data, data-driven models are increasingly effective in forecasting tasks and machine learning is probably the most efficient method to build such predictive models nowadays. In this work, we provide a comprehensive review of machine learning techniques for forecasting, regarding preprocessing as well as state-of-the-art models such as deep neural networks. Despite the achievements of state-of-art models, accurately predicting high-fluctuation electricity consumption still remains a challenge. To tackle this challenge, we propose to explore two paths: the utilization of soft-DTW loss functions and the inclusion of exogenous variables. By applying the soft-DTW loss function with a residual LSTM neural network on a real dataset, we observed significant improvements in capturing the patterns of high-fluctuation load series, especially in peak prediction. However, conventional error metrics prove insufficient in adequately measuring this ability. We therefore introduce confusion matrix analysis and two new error metrics: peak position error and peak load error based on the DTW algorithm. Our findings reveal that soft-DTW outperforms MSE and MAE loss functions with lower peak position and peak load error. We also incorporate soft-DTW loss function with MSE, MAE, and Time Distortion Index. The results show that combining the MSE loss function performs the best and helps alleviate the problem of overestimated and sharp peaks problems occured. By adding exogenous variables with soft-DTW loss functions, the inclusion of calendar variables generally enhances the model’s performance, particularly when these variables exhibit higher Pearson’s correlation coefficients with the target variable. However, when the correlation between the calendar variables and the historical load patterns is relatively low, their inclusion has a negative impact on the model’s performance. A similar relationship is observed with weather variables
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Gong, Wei. "Heat storage of PCM inside a transparent building brick : Experimental study and LBM simulation on GPU." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ISAL0063/document.
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A présent, les bâtiments résidentiels et commerciaux sont en phase de devenir le secteur le plus consommateur d’énergie dans de nombreux pays, comme par exemple en France. Diverses recherches ont été menées de manière à réduire la consommation énergétiques des bâtiments et augmenter leur confort thermique. Parmi tous les différentes approches, la technologie du stockage de chaleur latent se distingue par une très bonne capacité à stocker la chaleur afin de réduire les écarts entre la disponibilité et la demande d’énergie. Dans le cadre de l’un de nos projets, nous avons l’intention d’intégrer au design des murs des bâtiments un type de brique transparente remplie de matériaux à changement de phase (MCP). Les MCP à l’intérieur de la brique sont soumis à des changements de phase liquide-solide. Cette thèse s’attaque à la problématique du processus de fusion au sein de la brique. Au cours de cette thèse, une méthode expérimentale non-intrusive a été développée afin d’améliorer les techniques expérimentales existantes. La vélocimétrie des images des particules (VIP) et la fluorescence induite par laser (FIL) ont été couplées pour étudier la convection naturelle et la distribution de la température. Puisqu’aucun thermocouple n’a été inséré au sein de la brique, le processus de la fusion a été considéré sans perturbation. Les résultats montrent que cette conception expérimentale a un avenir prometteur, même si elle reste à améliorer. Par la suite, nous présentons deux simulations numériques. Ces simulations se fondent sur la méthode de Boltzmann sur réseau à temps de relaxation multiple (LBM MRT), employée pour résoudre le champ de vitesse, et sur la méthode de différences finies, pour obtenir la distribution de la température. La méthode d’enthalpie a quant à elle été utilisée pour simuler le changement de phase. Les simulations en deux dimensions et trois dimensions ont toutes deux été réalisées avec succès. Point important, ces simulations numériques ont été développées en langage C pour tourner spécifiquement sur un processeur graphique (GPU), afin d’augmenter l’efficacité de la simulation en profitant de la capacité de calcul d’un GPU. Les résultats des simulations concordent bien avec les résultats de nos expériences et avec les résultats analytiques publiés<br>The domestic and commercial buildings are currently becoming the major sector that consumes the biggest share of the energy in many countries, for example in France. Various researches have been carried out in order to reduce the energy consumption and increase the thermal comfort of builds. Among all the possible approaches, the latent heat storage technology distinguishes itself because of its excellent heat storage ability which can be used to efficiently reduce the discrepancy between the energy consumption and supply. In one of our project, we intend to integrate a type of transparent brick filled with phase change material (PCM) into the buildings' wall design. The PCM inside the brick undergoes the solid-liquid phase change. This dissertation addresses the important issues of the melting process inside the brick. In this dissertation, a non-intrusive experimental method was proposed to improve the existing experiment technique. The particle image velocimetry (PIV) and the laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) were coupled to investigate the natural convection and the temperature distribution. Because there was no thermocouple installed inside the brick, the melting process was thus considered to be less impacted. The results showed that this experimental design has a promising future, yet still needs to be improved. Two sets of efficient numerical simulations were also presented in this dissertation. The simulations were based on the thermal lattice Boltzmann method (TLBM), where the natural convection got solved by the LBM and the temperature equation was solved by the finite difference scheme. The enthalpy method was employed to simulate the phase change. Both the 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional configurations were successfully simulated. Moreover, the simulation programs were specifically developed - using the C language - to be run on the graphic processing unit (GPU), in order to increase the simulation efficiency. The simulation results demonstrated a good agreement with our experimental results and the published analytical results
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Vendlová, Lucie. "Energetická bilance úsporných soustav vytápění v komlexním řešení energeticky úsporrných budov." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233804.
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The work deals with the impact assessment of selected parameters of residential buildings on their energy performance. Within the application of the theory of statistics database of selected residential buildings is analyzed in terms of different features that characterize it. In particular, the thermal insulating properties and individual sub-items in the energy balance are analyzed. Then the measured rate dependence of selected parameters affecting energy performance is examined using correlation and regression analysis. The results are applied in the development of computational tools for evaluating energy flows in the building.
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Příborský, Tomáš. "Energetická náročnost administrativní budovy." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227477.
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First part of this thesis describes possibilities of energy assessment of buildings, possibilities of using thermal imaging camera in civil engineering and using software solutions of energy assessment of buildings. Second part engages an energy assessment of administrative building of NEPA company in Brno and designes possibilities of improvements. Third part contains description of technical solution of the best improvement possibility.
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Ponche, Cécile. "Distance energetic analysis for buildings." Thesis, KTH, Energiteknik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-103182.
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The projections are clear: by 2050, global energy demand expected to double. We know that the energy plants will not be sufficient to meet demand, or to compensate the decrease of fossil energy. Meanwhile, CO2 emissions must be halved to limit global warming. To resolve this dilemma, the only way is to implement energy efficiency solutions that can do it better and with fewer resources. In scientific terms, energy efficiency is the ratio of the energy consumed on the energy produced. Energy efficiency has become one of the first challenges of public policies; it aims to bring all economic sectors, companies and individuals to use less energy while controlling it. It is in this issue that Schneider Electric is trying to develop its services. The study focused specifically on the development of distance energetic analysis tools. The first part focuses on the development of relevant counting plans. More or less detailed they would study at distance behavior and performance of a building as a whole and across its various facilities. To ensure efficiency, the work has to be done by finding the right balance between investment and relevant measurement points. In the second part data have been analysed through a different point of view. Why not try to represent the energy behavior of a building in a mathematical way, using simple functions. So once this reference has been built it becomes easy to monitor and control any drifts of the system. Many tools can still be developed to improve this distant observation. The idea is to bring together all these data into a global energy management tool and make this one as independent as possible in both energy and cost-saving concerns.
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Dobrá, Zdena. "Energetická a environmentální analýza budovy." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-371873.
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The diploma thesis is to bring knowledge from the field of energy and simulation evaluation of buildings. Further, there is an introduction to the issue of energy and environmental assessment, legislative documents. A brief procedure for creating an energy model in a simulation program, then setting the model. Evaluated results from DesignBuilder that are in the form of charts. And also the evaluation of the measured data in the form of graphs from Libuše object in Karlova Studánka.
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Sýkorová, Iva. "Energetické hodnocení budov." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-225580.
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Master´s thesis solves problematic of energy evaluation of residential building in Kyjov. The theoretical part analyzes the legislative requirements, the practical part includes energy audit of brick residential building with 9 apartments for 18 inhabitants.
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Rulíšková, Pavla. "Energetická optimalizace polyfunkčního objektu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226835.
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Contain of master´s thesis is a energy assessment of multifunctional building in Komňátka. The theoretical part deals with the analysis of legislativ documents, current technical solution and practical application to the specified building. In the practical part thesis focus on experimental determination of the heat transfer coefficient using thermography.
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Slovenčíková, Iveta. "Energetické hodnocení občanských staveb." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227448.
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The aim of the thesis is the energy rating of buildings. The introduction included the issues of the topic, including normative and legislative regulations, process energy performance certificates along with energy audits for residential building. The object is evaluated in terms of energy, economic and environmental. Within the energy audit was designed and evaluated austerity measures.
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Pichová, Lenka. "Tepelné chování a energetická náročnost nízkoenergetické administrativní budovy." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226849.
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The thesis deals with energy intensity of a low energy office building. In the thesis, em-phasis is put especially on the calculation of energy consumption for heating (cooling). The energy intensity of the building is determined and evaluated by four methods of calculation, which are compared with a valid certificate of energy performance of the building, which arose at the time of its construction. In the experimental part of the the-sis, the energy intensity of the building is compared to the actual energy consumption obtained by two experimental measurements in heating season 2012/2013. (The building is operating partly only). Different methods of solutions and valid legal regulations are elaborated in detail in the first part of the thesis.
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Březina, Jan. "Energetický posudek." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-240486.
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The first part of the final thesis is focused on the use of thermovision for diagnosing defects and failures in building industry. Documented history, physical principles and conditions for the measuring of thermographic camera are described in this part. Thermal images of the object described below were used for demonstrating the defects. The second part is dedicated to the elaborated energy assessment for a nine-storey slab block building. In total, there are five energy economic measures developed for the building. Three of those are of structural character and two of those are for building equipment. There are two variants designed based on the measures, one of which is recommended and evalu-ated. The final section is focused on the measurement of slab block building indoor environment (CO2, air temperature, relative humidity, dew point) and its assessment in concern with the current legislation.
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Čajčíková, Jolana. "Energetický audit polyfunkčního objektu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-239943.
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The theme of this diploma thesis are the issue of energy evaluation of buildings and the reduction of energy consumption in the Czech legal system in the theoretical part, an analysis of energy consumption of the judged building in an old and new state in the calculation part and an energy audit of the main building of SRC Lihovar in Třemošnice according to Decree no. 480/2012 Coll. The three-storey main building of sports and rehabilitation center is located on the southern edge of city Třemošnice and it used to be a distillery until it has been renovated in 2013. There is a restaurant with a bowling room, hotel with two conference lounges, wellness, fitness and a swimming pool. The heat source for this building are two gas boilers, three heat pumps and solar collector array. There is partly forced and partly natural ventilation installed in the building.
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Carreras, Ubach Joan. "Mathematical programming for energetic, economic and environmental optimization of building design." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/396315.
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L’objectiu d’aquesta tesis és desenvolupar eines sistemàtiques de suport per la presa de decisions basades en mètodes matemàtics pel disseny òptim d’edificis amb mínim cost i mínim impacte ambiental. Avui en dia la societat és cada vegada més conscient de la importància que té respectar el medi ambient. Com a resultat, les autoritats i moltes empreses i consumidors estan interessats en productes econòmicament eficients però també respectuosos amb el medi ambient. En aquest context l’eficiència energètica hi juga un paper molt important. L’aïllament d’edificis és particularment interessant, ja que fa disminuir el consum d’energia i, conseqüentment, permet reduir també l’impacte ambiental. El problema general que pretenem solucionar en aquesta tesis és el disseny d’edificis ambientalment respectuosos amb el mínim cost econòmic, centrant-nos en l’optimització de l’aïllament tèrmic exterior. Per tal de demostrar les possibilitats de les nostres eines, considerem un cas d’estudi: Una casa tipus cubicle localitzada a la regió de Lleida. No obstant les nostres metodologies són suficientment generals per treballar amb diferents models d’edifici, variables de decisió i funcions objectiu. Els nostres mètodes s’han desenvolupat amb la intenció d’ajudar als agents involucrats en el disseny d’edificis.<br>El objetivo de esta tesis es desarrollar herramientas sistemáticas de soporte para la toma de decisiones basadas en métodos matemáticos para el diseño óptimo de edificios con mínimo coste y mínimo impacto ambiental. Hoy en día la sociedad es cada vez más consciente de la importancia que tiene respetar el medio ambiente. Como resultado, las autoridades y muchas empresas y consumidores están interesados en productos económicamente eficientes pero también respetuosos con el medio ambiente. En este contexto la eficiencia energética juega un papel muy importante. El aislamiento de edificios es particularmente interesante, ya que hace disminuir el consumo de energía y, consecuentemente, permite reducir también el impacto ambiental. El problema general que pretendemos solucionar en esta tesis es el diseño de edificios ambientalmente respetuosos con el mínimo coste económico, centrándonos en la optimización del aislamiento térmico exterior. Para demostrar las posibilidades de nuestras herramientas, consideramos un caso de estudio: Una casa tipo cubículo localizada en la región de Lleida. No obstatnte nuestras metodologías son suficientemente generales para trabajar con diferentes modelos de edificio, variables de decisión y funciones objetivo. Nuestros métodos se han desarrollado con la intención de ayudar a los agentes involucrados en el diseño de edificios.<br>The goal of this thesis is to provide systematic mathematical decision-support tools for the design of optimal buildings with minimum cost and minimum environmental impact. Nowadays the society is becoming more aware of the importance of being environmentally conscious. As a result, the authorities and many companies and consumers seek for products that are cost efficient but also environmentally friendly. Here energy efficiency plays an important role. Building insulation is particularly appealing, since it decreases the energy demand, thereby leading to significant environmental savings. The general problem we aim to solve in this thesis is the design of environmentally friendly buildings with the lowest possible cost focusing on the optimization of the external thermal insulation. To illustrate the capabilities of our approaches, we consider a case study: A house-like cubicle located in the Lleida region. However our methodology is general enough to work with different building models, decision variables and objective functions. Our methods are intended to assist decision-makers in the design of buildings.
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Masip-Sanchis, Ximo. "Energetic study of a residential building in Skutskär and savings proposal." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för bygg- energi- och miljöteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-21665.
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This project consists on the Energy audit carried out on a residential building in Skutskär, property of the company Älvkarlebyhus, which is placed in the Älvkarleby municipality, belonging to Uppsala County in Sweden. The aim of the Energy audit is to obtain how much Energy is used, when is it used and how is it used. As well as the costs of the Energy use. The aim of the Energy audit also consists in reduces the Energy use applying efficiency measures. The audit carried out consist on identifying the heat losses and heat gains of the building, thus establishing an Energy balance that will reflect the Energy state of the building and finally propose some efficiency measures that could be applied. With this purpose, a strong method was developed in order to obtain as accurate results as possible. This method studies separately each component of the balance in order to get a better approach. The idea when working and present the results is to manage all the information in an easy way and present it in an easily understandable way for everyone, thus was used a spreadsheet. The expected results have been achieved; the difference between the heat losses and gains is of 0 MWh, which represents the balance 0 and all the values obtained are according to the experience values, which achieve the expected results. The total heat gain of the balance accounts for 1575,23 MWh. It is compounded by the District heating consumption which accounts 742,22 MWh that represents the 47 % of the heat gain and by the free heating which accounts for 832,79 MWh that represents the 53 %. The free heating is compounded by solar radiation which accounts for 643,36 MWh representing 41 % and for Internal heating which accounts for 189,43 MWh that represents 12 %. The total heat loss of the balance accounts for 1575,23 MWh. It is compounded by transmission losses which accounts for 875,46 MWh that represents 56 %, mechanical ventilation which accounts for 369,89 MWh that represents the 23 %, natural ventilation which account for 182,88 MWh that represents 12 % and hot tap water which account for 147 and represents 9 %. The efficiency measures will improve the Energy use in the buildings; especially in the cases were the Energy usage is too high, as in the case of transmission losses. Thus, the efficiency measures will be proposed mainly to alleviate the high values but also to improve other inefficient uses of the Energy. There are some efficiency measures proposed for every component of the balance and there is also some recommendation for the company in order to implement the most attractive ones, taking into account its profitability. These measures are only proposed and not studied deeply because of the main limitation of this thesis. Therefore, it is recommended to continue the study in order to examine and analyse deeply each measure, according to the energetic survey already done.
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Jurča, Jaromír. "Energetické hodnocení budovy s využitím metodiky Breeam." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265576.
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The subject of diploma thesis is energy assessment of the building according to BREEAM methodology. First chapter overviews certification systems. The main part of the thesis consists of energy assessment of the building with application of BREEAM requirements. Specifically, building, its systems and interior environment analysis has been carried out, determination of heat transfer coefficients and production of energy performance certificate. Energy assessment of the building is carried out in accordance to BREEAM criteria. Third part contains analysis and evaluation of thermal comfort.
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SAIO, CAMILLA. "Study of the criteria and methodologies for existing buildings energetic and functional retrofit: architecture/energy systems integration towards nZEB (nearly Zero Energy Building)." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/929602.
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Miesler, Zdeněk. "Energetický audit." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-409870.
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My diploma thesis is focused on processing of an energy audit of an apartment buil-ding in accordance with the Decree 480/2012 Coll. as amended. In the theoretical part I deal with the revitalization of residential and prefabricated houses both in classical ways and with modern technologies. In the practical part is processed analysis of ener-gy consumption of the apartment building in Kyjov in the initial state. In the last part is the energy audit of the apartment building, where are suggested precautions and then proposed the option for implementation.
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Žůrek, Petr. "Energetické hodnocení budovy." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-261292.
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Diplomová práce se zabývá energetickým sektorem v Ruské Federaci se zaměřením na sektor budov a jejich energetickou efektivnost. Je zde vytvořen základní přehled předpi-sů a norem týkajících se sektoru budov a dotační programy vytvořené Ruskou vládou na snížení energetické náročnosti. V praktické části je provedeno energetické hodnocení dané budovy v podmínkách Čr a Ruské Federace. Výpočty energetických bilancí budovy jsou prováděny pro klimatické podmínky daných zemí a v souladu s národními předpisy. Na základě energetických bilancí jsou navrženy opatření na úsporu energie. V závěru je provedeno ekonomické posouzení, s ohledem na rozdílné ceny energií a nákladů na provedení návrhových opat-ření v České republice a Ruské Federaci.
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Karmín, Luboš. "Možnosti snížení energetické náročnosti objektů s řízenou vnitřní teplotou." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-392331.
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The field of a research of this diploma thesis is building with controlled internal temperature. The research is focused on main heat fluxes at this type of buildings and how it contributes to the energy consumption of the building. The main objective of the analysis is heat loss caused by heat flux through the building envelope and air exchange at the building. As next it is described heat gain resulting from the operation inside of the building. To obtain the results of the research part is used software on the platform Delphi Pascal, temporarily called SIM_Chlad. The aim of this computer modeling is non-stationary heat fluxes from the mentioned heat sources in the building. The computed heat balance analyzes the energy consumption of the building for a period of one year. The diploma thesis evaluates impacts reflecting local weather conditions, the structural system of the building and the operation in the building. A cooling machinery analysis is not the subject of the research at this diploma thesis.
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Nováková, Iva. "Analýza a optimalizace tepelného chování budov." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-409871.
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The diploma thesis with research of efficiency of renewable and low-potential energy sources of buildings. It is available on numerical simulations for sharing office and heating and cooling system buildings in DesignBuilder. There are various energy sources and ways of controlling heating and cooling. The results are evaluated in terms of time, after the expected compromises in the building, in terms of energy consumption and its price.
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Krishnamurthy, Sriram. "Feasibility study on making Van Maanenblok a near zero energy building urban neighbourhood." Thesis, KTH, Kraft- och värmeteknologi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-150712.
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The rapid exhaustion of the finite reserves of fossil-fuels adds to the woes on all walks of the society, and especially on the policy-makers, scientists and engineers to devise means to mitigate the consequences. Reducing energy demand and grid-dependency by decentralized energy production can help improve energy security of a nation. A holistic approach to achieve these goals in the building sector could be through a shift towards fostering near zero-energy communities. This project is an initiative taken by the residents in Van Maanenblok, an urban residential block constructed in early 1930’s and situated at the heart of North-Rotterdam, to try to achieve self-sustainability in terms of energy consumption of the block through renovation. The objective of this study is to analyze the energy consumption of the block over the past three years and using the ‘Trias Energetica’ approach, investigate the extent to which self-sustainability is possible. This study also includes an overview on financial feasibility of this initiative together with identification of innovation opportunities. Passive energy reduction measures such as insulation, LED lighting-retrofits have been explored. Active renewable energy systems (RES) like solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, micro-windmills were designed and sized. Also, energy potential from Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste (OFMSW) from within the block, and use ground-source heat pump to meet thermal energy has been investigated. The aforementioned technologies have been compared over certain financial parameters like net present value (NPV), payback period (PBP), and levelised cost of energy (LCOE) based on installation costs obtained from actual figures quoted by the installers and also general indicative market figures. Results of the study indicate that nearly 54% of present gas demand and 9% of electricity demand can be reduced by passive energy reduction measures alone. It would be possible to meet 42% and 54% of reduced electricity and gas demand respectively from RES. User-behaviour plays an important role in energy consumption and social factor largely determines the metamorphosis of projects with such complex setup. Renovation projects towards near zero energy buildings opens up several innovative opportunities and extended benefits to various actors, however stimulus from government is needed on financial and technical front in order to realize such ambitious initiatives.
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Kaleta, Radoslav. "Výpočetní model a analýza energeticky úsporných budov." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-403117.
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The thesis deals with the analysis of the properties of the external and internal environment of the buildings, the possibilities of heating and cooling. The emphasis is mainly on the energy intensity and the impact of weather conditions on the building temperature during the year. The model created by UPPAAL SMC describes the behavior of heating and cooling during the year and identifies the energy demand of the given building. The building model itself can be partially modified using the built-in user interface.
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Jankes, Filip. "Energetický audit občanské stavby." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-372170.
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The diploma thesis deals with the energy audit of the civil building according to the valid legislation of the Czech Republic. The theoretical part describes photovoltaics. In the calculation section is performed an analysis energy consumption for the initial state and new state. In the last part, the energy audit itself is elaborated. Saving measures have been proposed, two variants, including the recommendations of one of them.
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Velísková, Eva. "Energetické hodnocení budov." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-225688.
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The master’s thesis deals with energy assessment of buildings according to a current valid legislature. In the first part the energy assessments problems are solved. The next part solves the energy concept of the educational building, Pavilion P4, AdMaS centre of Faculty of Civil Engineering of BUT, in the form of project documentation. In the part of thesis there is a simulation characterizing dynamic behavior of building. The thesis point is the evaluation of energy balance and a draft of measures leading to the power consumption decrease.
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Navrátil, Oldřich. "Konverze VI. energetické ústředny, Ostrava - DOV." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-215596.
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In my diploma project I do reconstruction and looking for new program for old industrial building in Vitkovice iron factory area. This building is part of Cultural heritage and we have to apply all heritage criteria on this. The building is big hall - big space with two old machines. Now the machines don’t work anymore. My idea is to connect this old indutry area with the rest of the city – with still living part of the city – and bring here new life. Students are new young blood. So I decided to put on part of Ostrava Technology University here. The other buildings will be used as a business center and research center. Great interaction for future – University, Business and Research center.
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SANFILIPPO, Elsa. "IL RETROFIT ENERGETICO. L'EDILIZIA RESIDENZIALE POST-BELLICA DI PALERMO." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10447/110214.
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Il patrimonio edilizio italiano è composto principalmente da costruzioni realizzate nel secondo dopoguerra, quando la speculazione economica e l'urbanizzazione hanno prodotto edifici con caratteristiche di scarsa qualità architettonica ed energetica. Agire sul rendimento energetico degli edifici esistenti, adattandoli alle caratteristiche richieste dalla normativa, a parità di condizioni di comfort, rappresenta una strategia importante per la
riduzione dei consumi energetici e per la tutela dell'ambiente. Attraverso l'applicazione di tecnologie e metodologie innovative e la scelta di investimenti adeguati, il retrofit energetico può rappresentare oggi la principale opportunità di crescita in campo economico ed ambientale, e un'opportunità di innovazione nel settore delle costruzioni.
La ricerca si propone di valutare le prestazioni energetiche degli edifici esistenti, attraverso una metodologia di retrofit energetico, capace di individuare, caso per caso, le soluzioni più adeguate e i relativi interventi, in riferimento anche al loro rapporto costi-benefici. In questo modo, è possibile scegliere le strategie per il miglioramento dell'efficienza energetica, valutare le opportunità di risparmio energetico e il periodo di recupero per ammortizzare l'investimento. Il campo di indagine riguarda in particolare la notevole quantità di edifici residenziali che hanno occupato il territorio della "Piana dei
Colli" di Palermo, a seguito del cosiddetto "Sacco Edilizio" degli anni '60.<br>The energy retrofit. The Post war residential buildings of Palermo
The Italian building stock is mainly composed of constructions from the second post-war period, when economic speculation and urbanization have produced characteristics of poor architectural and energetic quality. By acting on the energy performance of existing buildings, adapting these characteristics to those required by regulations, on equal terms of comfort, represent an important strategy to the reduction of energy consumption and to the environmental protection. Through the application of innovative technologies and methodologies and the choice of appropriate investments, the energy retrofit can be now
the main growth opportunity in the economic and environmental field, and an innovation opportunity in the building's. The research is aimed at evaluating the energy performance of existing buildings, through an energy improvement methodology, which may identify,
case by case, cost-effective solutions and interventions, according to the cost-benefit analysis. In this way, it is possible to choose strategies for the energy efficiency improvement, assessing the energy savings opportunities and the payback period to amortize the investment. The field of inquiry specifically concerns the substantial amount of residential buildings that have occupied the territory of "Piana dei Colli" in Palermo, as result of the "Sacco Edilizio" of the '60s.
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ROLLINO, LUCA. "Fabbisogni energetici per edifici caratterizzanti il terziario in Italia: aspetti termici ed illuminotecnici." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2497357.
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Il presente lavoro verte sull'individuazione di benchmark di fabbisogno energetico per edifici di riferimento con destinazione d'uso non-residenziale. In particolare, si intende fornire profili tipo di domanda energetica per l’illuminazione artificiale, al fine di valutarne l'effetto sui profili di fabbisogno di energia per la climatizzazione estiva ed invernale, nonché di individuare le variabili che maggiormente incidono sulla loro determinazione.
Per giungere a questi risultati, ci si avvale dell'uso di programmi informatici di simulazione dinamica riconosciuti ed impiegati a livello scientifico, in ambito europeo ed extraeuropeo (Energy Plus).
La ricerca viene condotta sotto vari aspetti: architettonico, energetico e ambientale.
Il primo obiettivo, partendo dalle indicazioni bibliografiche, legislative e normative, è quello di caratterizzare in modo univoco gli edifici di riferimento per le varie destinazioni d'uso oggetto di analisi: edifici per l'istruzione, ed edifici terziari. Gli edifici di riferimento intendono costituire archetipi rappresentativi del patrimonio edilizio italiano.
Il secondo obiettivo è di tipo energetico: si intende definire profili tipo di domanda energetica per l'illuminazione artificiale degli ambienti. Si intendono inoltre valutare contestualmente i fabbisogni energetici netti per il riscaldamento e il raffrescamento degli ambienti. L'obiettivo finale è riuscire a determinare le migliori soluzioni progettuali per la minimizzazione del fabbisogno di energia connesso all'illuminazione, in relazione alle destinazioni d'uso dei differenti edifici, nonché le variabili che più incidono per indirizzare al meglio le attenzioni progettuali in caso di nuova realizzazione.
Il presente lavoro, dopo un primo inquadramento generale in cui si delinea quello che è lo stato dell’arte della valutazione dei fabbisogni energetici e della ricerca scientifica in materia di illuminazione artificiale di ambienti non residenziali, passa poi ad indagare il significato di archetipo e a definire degli archetipi edilizi per il patrimonio immobiliare costruito a destinazione d’uso scolastica e terziaria.
Successivamente vengono descritti i modelli di calcolo impiegati e sono dettagliati i dati di input impiegati per la loro definizione.
Sono infine esplicati i risultati ottenuti, con individuazione dei valori di benchmark energetico per gli archetipi edilizi scolastici e terziari, e con l’analisi di quelle che sono le grandezze maggiormente influenti sul fabbisogno energetico per illuminazione.
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Hrazdira, David. "Energetický audit." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-372193.
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The theme of this master's thesis is the elaborating of an energy audit according to the valid legislation in the Czech Republic a five-storey apartment building. The master's thesis consists of three main parts. Theoretical, Computional and Energy Audit. The theoretical part focuses on the theme of solar thermal collectors. In the calculation part, the energy consumption of the assessed object is analyzed in both the initial and the new state. The energy audit is drawn up in accordance the Decree number 480/2012 Sb. in the current version.
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Pernigotto, Giovanni. "Evaluation of building envelope energy performance through extensive simulation and parametrical analysis." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3422638.
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More than 30% of the final energy uses in the European Union are due to the building energy consumptions. In order to reduce their energy impact and improve their efficiency, the design activity has been given a large importance, both for new buildings or refurbishment projects. Moreover, besides these goals, during the last years the indoor comfort conditions have assumed a more and more relevant significance for professionals in the building design. That required the development of properly detailed instruments of analysis, such as building energy simulation tools (BES). Generally, the more complex a tool, the higher the number of required inputs but not all of them are always available in the early design stages. For this reason, BES codes have been used also to elaborate simpler models.
This research analyses the possibilities given by an extensive use of the BES for the evaluation of the building envelope energy performance and some of the different issues related to BES.
The first topic discussed is related to the external boundary conditions in BES, in particular the definition of a representative weather file for the description of the external environment and of the modelling of the heat transfer through the ground. The second topic analyses the problems of the validation of the results provided by BES tools and the relative accuracy introduced by the choice of a specific code. The comparison between BES software is carried out both considering the outputs of a whole thermal zone, such as heating and cooling energy needs and peak loads and the time of their occurrences, and the response of a single component (i.e., opaque walls and glazings). Finally, the coherence between the energy needs elaborated by means of BES tools and those by the quasi-steady state model presented in the technical Standard EN ISO 13790:2008 is studied and some correction factors are proposed for this simplified method.<br>Più del 30% degli impieghi finali di energia nell’Unione Europea è dovuto ai consumi energetici degli edifici. Al fine di ridurre il loro impatto energetico e migliorare la loro efficienza, è stata data una sempre maggiore importanza all’attività di progettazione, sia in merito ai nuovi edifici sia per gli interventi di riqualificazione. Inoltre, in aggiunta a questi obiettivi, durante gli ultimi anni le condizioni di comfort nell’ambiente confinato hanno assunto una sempre maggiore significatività per i progettisti edili. Ciò ha richiesto lo sviluppo di strumenti di analisi adeguatamente dettagliati, come i simulatori dinamici dell’edificio. In generale, più è complesso uno strumento, maggiore è il numero di input richiesti ma non tutti sono sempre disponibili nelle fasi iniziali della progettazione. Per questa ragione, i codici di simulazione dinamica sono stati impiegati anche per sviluppare modelli semplificati.
Questa ricerca analizza le possibilità date da un uso estensivo della simulazione dinamica per la valutazione delle prestazioni energetiche dell’involucro edilizio e alcune problematiche relative ad essa. Il primo argomento discusso riguarda le condizioni al contorno nella simulazione dinamica, in particolare la definizione di un file climatico rappresentativo per la descrizione dell’ambiente esterno e la modellazione dello scambio di calore attraverso il terreno. Il secondo argomento analizza i problemi della validazione dei risultati forniti dagli strumenti di simulazione dinamica e l’accuratezza introdotta dalla scelta di uno specifico codice. Il confronto tra i software di simulazione dinamica è condotto sia a livello degli output di un’intera zona termica, quali i fabbisogni di riscaldamento e raffrescamento, i carichi di picco e l’istante in cui si verificano, e la risposta di un singolo componente (i.e., le pareti opache e quelle vetrate). Infine, viene studiata la coerenza tra i fabbisogni energetici elaborati dagli strumenti di simulazione dinamica e quelli ottenuti tramite il modello semi-stazionario presentato nella normativa EN ISO 13790:2008 e vengono proposti alcuni fattori correttivi per questo metodo semplificato.
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Michek, Jan. "Energetické úspory bytového domu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-372315.
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The thesis focuses on energy savings of an apartment building. Firstly, the basic terms concerning apartment building and their costs are explained. Secondly, the thesis looks into energy efficiency of buildings, possibilities of energy savings and methods of economic evaluation of investments. The thesis sets the goal to evaluate current state of a selected apartment building from the perspective of energy efficiency and to propose possible energy saving measures. Lastly, the thesis aims to evaluate proposed measures from economic perspective and the perspective of energy efficiency.
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Lysková, Markéta. "Energetické hodnocení administrativní budovy." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265471.
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This diploma thesis is dealing with energy audit of industrial building with administration part, situated in Blansko, South Moravia region. The theoretical part is focused to windows from the energy balance point of view, because one of the energy saving measures is the change of current insufficient window filling. The main objective of this diploma thesis is to find the most energy saving variant which is going to be evaluated from the both, ecological and economical, aspect. The third part is dedicated to usage of computer technology as software for 3D model creating of assessed building or energy consumption simulation for particular systems as heating in relation to characters of different kinds of windows.
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Pasqualetto, Michele. "Sistema di monitoraggio energetico di edifici." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3423620.
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The project developed during the PhD period aims to design, develop, implement and verify an innovative system of sensors and algorithms of data processing, which makes it possible for an accurate survey and assessment of the main environmental and energy parameters in buildings.
The work has been included in the project SIMEA (Integrated/Distributed Energy Monitoring and Environmental), funded by the Region of Veneto in the "Strategic Plan for Scientific Research, Technological Development and Innovation 2008-2010".
The sensor system is designed to produce the energy/operating building profile to be used for:
- the purpose of certification of buildings;
- the process of energy audits to improve the working conditions and comfort;
- to promote the maximization of resources through an intelligent automatic control.
The theory concerning the energy efficiency of buildings is based on a compromise between comfort and consumption and, in fact, all the regulations are aimed to decrease (decrease) the power consumption without compromising the comfort of the internal environment in which people are living.
For this purpose, in the project of thesis have been considered, among others, UNI EN 15251:2007 which has the purpose to define which are the components to ensure the indoor comfort and UNI EN 15603:2008 which explains in detail the types of energy certifications. The sensor system developed is based on the latter regulation.
The technical literature presents several studies aimed at defining the effective energy assessment of the building and if it can be certified with a methodology based on performing calculations or measurements made in situ. It can be concluded that the procedures are not discriminating but complementary: methods of calculation are used for an assessment of the standard type, implemented by software tools, while the monitoring system are used for assessment of the real consumption.
The sensor system developed tries to satisfy the need to use a methodology based on monitoring the real behavior of building-plant but supported, for assessment of the energy consumption, by a calculation software validated at international level.
The hardware part of the monitoring system is formed by a series of sensors for the measurement of various thermohygrometric parameters and is divided into two networks that differ by type and objectives: the structure in the fixed network (wired) and the structure in the mobile network (wireless).
The development of the PhD project made it possible for monitoring with the system of sensors installed; this system permits not only the calculation of current consumption but also to define a short-term forecasts for the next day. In particular, the forecasts have been carried out in two modes:
- estimation of consumption with air conditioning on and the setpoint temperature;
- estimation of the temperature in free evolution with the conditioning system off.
The final part of the work was devoted to the validation of the predictions made and the use of the sensor network for other purposes that could expand the potential of the monitoring system developed.<br>Il lavoro sviluppato nell’ambito del dottorato di ricerca ha l’obiettivo di progettare, sviluppare, realizzare e verificare un sistema innovativo di sensori, e relativi algoritmi di elaborazione dei dati, che permetta di effettuare una rilevazione e una valutazione precise dei principali parametri ambientali ed energetici negli edifici.
Il progetto è stato inserito all’interno di un progetto sovvenzionato dalla Regione Veneto nell’ambito del “Piano strategico per la ricerca scientifica, lo sviluppo tecnologico e l'innovazione 2008-2010” denominato SIMEA (Sistema Integrato/distribuito di Monitoraggio Energetico ed Ambientale).
La rete di sensori ha lo scopo di produrre il profilo energetico/operativo dell’edificio per essere successivamente utilizzato:
- ai fini della certificazione, per elaborare degli audit energetici in modo da migliorare le condizioni operative e di comfort;
- per incentivare l’utilizzo ottimizzato delle risorse attraverso un controllo automatico intelligente;
- per ricavare informazioni utili alle procedure di manutenzione.
La teoria riguardante l’energetica degli edifici si basa sul sottile compromesso tra comfort e consumi e, infatti, tutte le normative sono volte a cercare di abbassare i consumi non compromettendo il comfort dell’ambiente interno dentro cui le persone vivono.
A questo scopo, nel lavoro di tesi sono state considerate, tra le altre, la norma UNI EN 15251:2007 che definisce quali sono le componenti per assicurare il comfort indoor e la UNI EN 15603:2008 che specifica le tipologie di certificazione energetica; ed è proprio a quest’ultima che si riferisce il sistema di sensori sviluppato.
La letteratura tecnica presenta numerosi studi volti a definire l’effettiva valutazione energetica di un edificio e se questa possa essere certificata con una metodologia basata su esecuzione di calcoli oppure su misure eseguite in loco. Si può concludere che i procedimenti non sono discriminanti ma complementari: i metodi di calcolo servono per una valutazione di tipo standard, implementata spesso da strumenti software, mentre i monitoraggi sono utilizzati per una valutazione reale dei consumi.
Il sistema di sensori sviluppato cerca di soddisfare l’esigenza di utilizzare una metodologia basata sullo sfruttamento dei monitoraggi per la valutazione ad hoc del comportamento reale edificio-impianto ma supportato, per la valutazione del consumo energetico, da un software di calcolo validato a livello internazionale.
La parte hardware del sistema di monitoraggio è formata da una serie di sensori per la misura delle varie grandezze termoigrometriche ed è diviso in due reti che differiscono per tipologia e obiettivi: la struttura a rete fissa, cablata, e la struttura a rete mobile, wireless.
Lo sviluppo del progetto di dottorato ha permesso di utilizzare i monitoraggi eseguiti con il sistema di sensori installato, non solo per il calcolo dei consumi attuali ma per realizzare anche delle previsioni a breve termine, ovvero per il giorno successivo. In particolare le previsioni effettuate sono state eseguite in due modalità:
- stima dei consumi con impianto di climatizzazione acceso e temperatura di setpoint impostata;
- stima della temperatura in evoluzione libera con impianto spento.
La parte conclusiva del lavoro è stata dedicata alla validazione delle previsioni eseguite nonché all’utilizzo della rete di sensori per altri scopi che potessero ampliare le potenzialità della sistema di monitoraggio sviluppato.
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Černý, Tomáš. "Energetická optimalizace administrativní budovy." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-392205.
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The diploma thesis deals with the energy audit of administrative building. In the theoretical part I described the heat pumps. In a calculated part I proposed austerity measures and created of them saving variant. I chose the most suitable variant and assess it from an economic and ecological point of view. In the third part, I use the calculation program to optimize the building.
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Dinu, Popa Emil Alexandru. "The energetic retrofit of historic masonry buildings : focus on Central and Northern Europe." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2010. http://repository.cmu.edu/theses/54.
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40% of the total energy consumed in Europe is consumed by building operation and usage (Itard, et al., 2008). In the temperate climate of central and northern Europe, a significant proportion of this consumption is attributed to building heating during the winter months. Although recent trends in European legislation favor an increase in thermal efficiency of building enclosures for new constructions, the majority of the building stock consists of buildings built to a lower standard of energy efficiency.
Over 56 % of the building stock in the central and northern European countries was built before 1970, when the first building energy efficiency regulations were adopted across Europe (Itard, et al., 2008). Even if current regulations require significant energy efficiency measures (EnEV 2009 in Germany requires a maximum heating energy consumption of 50 kWh/m2a) and the trend is to increase the standards even more, a vast portion of the building stock will have been built to much lower standards. Retrofitting existing buildings represents thus a priority, if a significant reduction in energy usage for buildings is to be achieved. There is a great opportunity in tackling this problem, especially when keeping in mind the fact that most of these inefficient building require significant renovation measures, as the lifespan of their systems comes to an end
The case of historic masonry buildings across Europe is especially relevant, as they pose special challenges related to the historic preservation of facades and even interiors. It is thus the aim of the present research to compile a set of principles and technologies that can be used for the thermal retrofit of historic buildings.
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Král, Jakub. "Energeticky efektivní řadový rodinný dům." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227602.
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The aim of my diploma thesis is a design of a new energy efficient terraced house in the gap site. Building has two dwelling unit of category 4+kitchenette and 6+ kitchenette. Building has a cellar, two floors and an attic. The cellar structures and horizontal structures are made of reinforced concrete. Sand-lime bricks are used for masonry. The building is covered with gabled roof with timber roof truss. In this building there are used rainwater and renewable energy in a form of electrical energy made by photovoltaic panels.
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Pliska, Roman. "Energetické hodnocení občanských staveb." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226836.
Texto completoResumen
The first section of this thesis describes possible energy savings in family houses. Subsequently, possible energy savings are applied to, and a system revision is presented for, an office building, along with a calculation of the return on investment for the described variant based on notice 480/2012 Sb. The final section focuses on the measurement of the indoor environment at an administrative building (CO2, air temperature, relative humidity) and their assessment according to the current legislation.
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Fečer, Tomáš. "Energetické hodnocení bytového domu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265571.
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A goal of this Master's Thesis is an energy audit of an apartment building situated in Brno, the southmoravian region. The theoretical part is focused on a Czech Republic legislation, methods of an energy evaluation of houses and injurants of an internal microclimate. In the next part the main focus is on a processing of the energy audit of the apartment building. One of details of this processing is a design of precautions. From these, variants are created, focusing to choose the most economical and ecological one. The last part of this Master's Thesis is devoted to an usage of available software applications. Here are described computer programs, used for a creation of a 3D model. Also, a description of a calculation of thermal loses and the calculation of coefficients of heat transfer using a quasi-stationary technique is present. At the end a detailed description of one year simulation of the apartment building is provided.
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Jetelina, Michal. "Aplikace a energetické hodnocení entalpického výměníku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265328.
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This master thesis is solving measuring the efficiency heat recovery and application unit, which includes heat recovery into selected building. In the first part of the thesis are analy-zed the different types of heat recovery system, their behavior and suitability of use in HVAC systems. The second part includes the actual experiment, when were measured parameters of air, which passed through the unit and then were analyzed the results. In the last part, third, was measured unit applied to the selected house and was compared to operation of the unit in case of use by the producer given unit parameters and measured parameters.
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Pellegrino, Filippo. "An early-stage energetic and environmental analysis for the new district of Jakobsgårdarna in Borlänge, Sweden." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Energiteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-34915.
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To achieve the aim of low carbon cities and zero energy districts, it is important to adapt the efficient technologies while maintaining the thermal comfort and sustainable environment. The new challenge in design and building new districts lies in a sustainable and smart way to minimize energy consumption and thus carbon emission. This challenge can be overcome by the use of early-stage energetic and environmental analysis of the planned districts, which can result in sustainable and efficient use of the resources. This thesis aims to assess the energy demand and the carbon emission for the proposed design of Jakobsgårdarna district in Borlänge, Sweden. The complete analysis of the neighbourhood is assessed through a tool - Urban Modeling Interface, a Rhinoceros-based plugin developed by the Sustainable Design Lab at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA. A base case scenario is evaluated for energetic performance, lighting, heating, cooling, hot water, daylight potential, walkability, and life cycle assessment. Then, a sensitivity analysis is addressed, in particular to evaluate the impact of daylight potential, archetypes, window to wall ratio, wall materials, future climate, and a possible lockdown, on energy consumption and carbon emission. In the base case, the analysis shows that preschool has the lowest specific energy consumption of 64.1 kWh/m2, while retail shops have the highest (92.2 kWh/m2) energy consumption. The simulated energy consumption of the offices and residential buildings is 72.1 kWh/m2, and 80.4 kWh/m2 respectively. The life cycle assessment reveals the advantage of the environment from building wooden houses instead of using concrete or masonry. The total embodied carbon for the whole district is 149.3 kgCO2/m2 divided as follow: 160.9 kgCO2/m2 for the school; 164.9 kgCO2/m2 for the offices, 159.6 kgCO2/m2 for the retail shops, 55.0 kgCO2/m2 for the wood residential buildings, 164.9 kgCO2/m2 for the masonry residential buildings. The sensitivity analysis explains exhaustively the influence, which has changes in the base case scenario. In particular, the future climate will decrease heating consumption due to the increase of the mean annual temperature and, on the other hand, increase cooling demand. While a possible lockdown to the district will rise consumption in residential buildings due to a higher use of equipment and lighting, but it will lower the energy use of offices and schools. The overall research results are expected to be useful to propose suggestions and recommendations for the next steps of design about Jakobsgårdarna district in Borlänge.
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Škorpík, Adam. "Energetický management v ubytovacím zařízení." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-223978.
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This thesis deals with heating system in accommodation facility. It clarifies the way of controlling multiple decentralized systems which results in automatization of the whole heating system. Heating distrubition into individual zones is controlled by central server which communicates with reservation system of accommodation facility. The main goal is to lower expenses for heating.
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Mocová, Pavla. "Optimalizace návrhu energetické renovace školských budov." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-390264.
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The dissertation thesis is focused on a methodology of optimal design energy renovation of school buildings. The thesis is focused on the analysis of selected school buildings during the last 100 years of construction in the first phase. At this phase, are found some important information, especially in terms of the energy performance of the building envelope and results of this parts. Last but not least, CO2 emissions were detected. In the next part of this work, one selected school is assessed in terms of the quality of the environment, due to the evaluation of microbial microclimate on building structures, CO2 concentration and daylight. CO2 concentration and classroom daylight is addressed both for the original and for the new state. Another point of this thesis is the appreciation of the size of the classrooms in the schools both in terms of typological principles and in terms of the average size of classrooms. The daylight assessment is performed on these selected sizes, which is a part of the "PaMo I" design tool. In the next phase of the dissertation was created the design tool "PaMo I". This tool solves the evaluation of the renovation of school buildings from the point of view of the thermal engineering in connection with the influence of the daylight illumination on the classrooms of the school buildings by the thickness of the insulation system and the replacement of the windows. Part of the design tool is also the financial quantification of the investment, the payback period and the impact on the environment of the individual variants. The choice of variant options has been used when making a design tool user decision. The result of this work is a design tool which will help in deciding and finding the optimal alternative to the energy renovation of a school building in connection with daylighting inside classrooms.
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Negrea, Andrei Liviu. "Optimization of energy efficiency for residential buildings by using artificial intelligence." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEI090.
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La consommation, en général, représente le processus d’utilisation d’un type de ressource où des économies doivent être réalisées. La consommation d’énergie est devenue l’un des principaux problèmes d’urbanisation et de crise énergétique, car l’épuisement des combustibles fossiles et le réchauffement climatique mettent en péril l’utilisation de l’énergie des plantes. Cette thèse présent une méthode d’économie d’énergie a été adoptée pour la réduction de consommation d’énergie prévu le secteur résidentiel et les maisons passives. Un modèle mathématique basé sur des mesures expérimentales a été développé pour simuler le comportement d’un laboratoire d’essai de l’UPB. Le protocole expérimental a été réalisé à la suite d’actions telles que : la construction de bases de données sur les paramètres, la collecte de données météorologiques, l’apport de flux auxiliaires tout en considérant le comportement humain. L’algorithme de contrôle-commande du système est capable de maintenir une température constante à l’intérieur du bâtiment avec une consommation minimale d’énergie. Les mesures et l’acquisition de données ont été configurées à deux niveaux différents: les données météorologiques et les données sur les bâtiments. La collection de données est faite sur un serveur qui a été mis en œuvre dans l’installation de test en cours d’exécution d’un algorithme complexe qui peut fournir le contrôle de consommation d’énergie. La thèse rapporte plusieurs méthodes numériques pour envisage la consommation d’énergie, utilisée avec l’algorithme de contrôle. Un cas expérimental basé sur des méthodes de calcul dynamiques pour les évaluations de performance énergétique de construction a été faite à Grenade, en Espagne, l’information qui a été plus tard utilisée dans cette thèse. L’estimation des paramètres R-C avec la prévision du flux de chaleur a été faite en utilisant la méthode nodal, basée sur des éléments physiques, des données d’entrée et des informations météorologiques. La prévision d’énergie de consommation présent des résultats améliorés tandis que la collecte de données IoT a été téléchargée sur une carte à base de système de tarte aux framboises. Tous ces résultats ont été stables montrant des progrès impressionnants dans la prévision de la consommation d’énergie et leur application en énergie<br>Consumption, in general, represents the process of using a type of resource where savings needs to be done. Energy consumption has become one the main issue of urbanization and energy crisis as the fossil depletion and global warming put under threat the planet energy utilization. In this thesis, an automatic control of energy was developed to reduce energy consumption in residential area and passive house buildings. A mathematical model founded on empirical measurements was developed to emphasize the behavior of a testing laboratory from Universitatea Politehnica din București - Université Politechnica de Bucarest - Roumanie. The experimental protocol was carried out following actions such as: building parameters database, collecting weather data, intake of auxiliary flows while considering the controlling factors. The control algorithm is controlling the system which can maintain a comfortable temperature within the building with minimum energy consumption. Measurements and data acquisition have been setup on two different levels: weather and buildings data. The data collection is gathered on a server which was implemented into the testing facility running a complex algorithm which can control energy consumption. The thesis reports several numerical methods for estimating the energy consumption that is further used with the control algorithm. An experimental showcase based on dynamic calculation methods for building energy performance assessments was made in Granada, Spain, information which was later used in this thesis. Estimation of model parameters (resistances and capacities) with prediction of heat flow was made using nodal method, based on physical elements, input data and weather information. Prediction of energy consumption using state-space modeling show improved results while IoT data collection was uploaded on a Raspberry Pi system. All these results were stable showing impressive progress in the prediction of energy consumption and their application in energy field
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Stadtherr, Jan. "Energetické hodnocení administrativní budovy." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-372316.
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This master’s thesis deals with the energy assessment of an administrative building. The theoretical part is devoted to legislation for energy assessment – law, regulations and technical standards. The application of this legislation is provided in the calculation part as energy audit and energy performance certificate of the administrative building. The last part of this thesis is dedicated to application of computational softwares for analysing results of heat consumption in comparison with reality.
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Chadima, Tomáš. "Analýza vnitřního klimatu lázeňského komplexu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-392187.
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The thesis deals with the environmental assessment of buildings, concrete objects Letní lázně at Karlova Studánka. The first part describes the issue and legislation. There is also described a method of experimental measurement and methods of moisture measurement. The second part deals with the analysis of the specified object, description of selected renewable sources and description of possible modifications of the object. The third part is devoted to modeling and simulation of the specified object in DesignBuilder. Using the model were created various simulations with various modifications in order to reduce energy intensity of the object. Results were then evaluated and compared.
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Kaczmarczyk, Václav. "Optimální metody řízení energetické spotřeby budov." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233629.
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This thesis discusses the operational coordination of electrical appliances and devices in a smart home. At present, the diminishing volume of fossil fuels and the increasing pressure to use renewable sources of energy necessitate the integration of such volatile sources into electrical grids. This process, however, results in higher energy costs, and the consumers are thus more willing to change their behaviour to either reduce the expenses or maintain them at a reasonable level. One of the relatively few customer-oriented options to optimise energy costs consists in the demand – response principle, which utilises external information to minimise energy consumption during high price periods. Assuming the constantly changing conditions in electrical grids, and thus also the varying demands, it is vital to provide for automatic optimisation excluding the need of user intervention. The thesis presents a method which, after being implemented into the control member, will facilitate the optimal use of appliances and devices within a smart home. As the behaviour considered optimal from the perspective of demand - response is often inconsistent with the consumer‘s requirements for comfortable use of the appliances, the proposed technique offers a compromise through enabling the consumer to select the appropriate strategy. Five universal optimisation models are designed within the thesis; these models facilitate description of common home appliances and local electricity sources. The core of the method lies in formulating and optimising a mixed integer quadratic problem (MIQP). The optimisation task yields an operational schedule for the individual appliances, and this scheme considers the energy costs, the working cycle of the appliance, the user’s demands, the system restrictions and/or other input data. Furthermore, the author extends the above-discussed general technique, enabling it to adopt robust behaviour. The method then secures the preset strategy even during a marked change of the input conditions, and its robustness is a viable precondition for the overall applicability of the technique in the real control member.
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NAPOLITANO, Davide Ferdinando. "Progettazione energetica ed ambientale degli edifici: studi sull'ottimizzazione multi-obiettivo, dal singolo edificio al distretto." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Bergamo, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10446/207091.
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Procházková, Adéla. "Energetické hodnocení budovy pro občanskou vybavenost obce." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-240433.
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The aim of thesis is the energy evaluation of building for public facilities - kindergarten. From the beginning work deals with the analysis of a given topic, standard and legal regulations associated with the topic. This knowledge is further applied to a specific building. It follows by evaluation of the current state of the building, its systems, internal environment and analysis of measures leading to energy savings and ensuring the quality of the indoor environment of building. Work also deals with experimental measurements of selected parameters of the internal environment.
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Janíková, Hana. "Energetické hodnocení obecní budovy." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-225998.
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The main objective of the master’s thesis is elaboration of energy audit within the theme of energy rating of buildings. Work consists of the beginning to the given theme including the actual legislative regulations. Another part is elaboration of the energy audit of building municipality with design and rating the measures of reduction of energy consumptions. In experimental part work deals with evaluation of building thermal envelope with use of thermograph measurement, also with quality of indoor environment within the use of building by measurement of concentration of CO2 and with heat and humidity balance.