Artículos de revistas: "Bront??"

1

Austin, Linda M. "Emily Bront�'s Homesickness". Victorian Studies 44, n.º 4 (julio de 2002): 573–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/vic.2002.44.4.573.

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2

MORRIS, PAM. "REVIEW OF HEATHER GLEN, CHARLOTTE BRONT�". Nineteenth-Century Literature 59, n.º 2 (1 de septiembre de 2004): 264–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ncl.2004.59.2.264.

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3

Maurer, Sara L. "BOOK REVIEW: Kathleen Constable.A STRANGER WITHIN THE GATES: CHARLOTTE BRONT� AND VICTORIAN IRISHNESSand Marianne Thorm�hlenTHE BRONT�S AND RELIGION". Victorian Studies 44, n.º 3 (abril de 2002): 529–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/vic.2002.44.3.529.

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4

Ruth, Jennifer. "Between Labor and Capital: Charlotte Bront�'s Professional Professor". Victorian Studies 45, n.º 2 (enero de 2003): 279–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/vic.2003.45.2.279.

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5

LaMonaca, Maria. "BOOK REVIEW:Nineteenth-Century Anti-Catholic Discourses: The Case of Charlotte Bront�, by Diana Peschier". Victorian Studies 49, n.º 1 (octubre de 2006): 120–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/vic.2006.49.1.120.

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6

Dolin, Tim. "BOOK REVIEW: Edited by Heather Glen.THE CAMBRIDGE COMPANION TO THE BRONT�S. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 2002. and Heather Glen.CHARLOTTE BRONT�: THE IMAGINATION IN HISTORY. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2002. and Drew Lamonica. ?WE ARE THREE SISTERS?: SELF AND FAMILY IN THE WRITING OF THE BRONT�S. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2003." Victorian Studies 47, n.º 1 (octubre de 2004): 131–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/vic.2004.47.1.131.

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7

Newman, Beth. "BOOK REVIEW: Edward Chitham.THE BIRTH OF WUTHERING HEIGHTS: EMILY BRONT� AT WORKLondon: Macmillan; New York: St. Martin's Press, 1998." Victorian Studies 42, n.º 2 (enero de 1999): 310–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/vic.1999.42.2.310.

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8

Whitehead, Stephen. "The Dukedom of Bronte and the Name 'Brontë'". Brontë Society Transactions 25, n.º 1 (abril de 2000): 72–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/030977600794195409.

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9

Vrettos, Athena. "BOOK REVIEW: Beth Torgerson.READING THE BRONT� BODY: DISEASE, DESIRE, AND THE CONSTRAINTS OF CULTURE. Basingstoke and New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005." Victorian Studies 48, n.º 3 (abril de 2006): 530–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/vic.2006.48.3.530.

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10

Duckett, Bob. "Branwell Brontë, BST and Brontё Studies: an Annotated Bibliography". Brontë Studies 42, n.º 3 (3 de julio de 2017): 261–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14748932.2017.1330520.

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11

Stoneman, Patsy. "BOOK REVIEW: edited by Margaret Smith.THE LETTERS OF CHARLOTTE BRONT�, VOLUME TWO: 1848-1851, Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2000." Victorian Studies 44, n.º 4 (julio de 2002): 692–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/vic.2002.44.4.692.

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12

Rosenman, Ellen Bayuk. "BOOK REVIEW: Edited by Christine Alexander and Margaret Smith.THE OXFORD COMPANION TO THE BRONT�S. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2003." Victorian Studies 48, n.º 1 (octubre de 2005): 193–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/vic.2005.48.1.193.

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13

Langland, Elizabeth. "BOOK REVIEW: edited by Julie Nash and Barbara A. Suess.NEW APPROACHES TO THE LITERARY ART OF ANNE BRONT�. pp. xv + 232. Aldershot and Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2001." Victorian Studies 45, n.º 3 (abril de 2003): 540–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/vic.2003.45.3.540.

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14

Ilunina, Anna Aleksandrovna. "Transformation of the images of woman and child in the Neo-Victorian novel (based on the novels “Florence and Giles” John Harding and “The Trial of Elizabeth Cree” by Peter Ackroyd". Litera, n.º 3 (marzo de 2021): 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2021.3.35182.

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Neo-Victorian novel is one of the main trends in the development of modern British literature. This article traces the transformation of the images of woman and child in the Neo-Victorian novel of the 1990 – 2010s in comparison with the Victorian pretext (the novels “The Turn of the Screw” by Henry James, “Jane Eyre” by Charlotte Brontë, “Oliver Twist”, “David Copperfield” by Charles Dickens). The research material includes the novels “Florence and Giles” John Harding and “The Trial of Elizabeth Cree” by Peter Ackroyd. It was determines that the Neo-Victorian novel fools with the audience’s perception of stereotypical gender concepts, as well as poetics of the Victorian novel, according to which the title character, namely a woman or a child, is the object of the author’s and reader’s affinity. The article examines the role of references in the aforementioned neo-Victorian novels to the “thrilling” stories of Edgar. Poe, “The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde” by Robert Louis Stevenson. It is revealed that the traditional “angel in the house” in the Neo-Victorian novel is transformed into the evil “Mrs. Hyde”, exacting vengeance on the world for the humiliations because of her gender and social status. The author reviews the role of intermedian references in the novel “Florence and Giles”. The conclusion is made that the dialogue with pretexts allows modern writers to touch on the topics of women's education and gender inequality in the past and present.

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15

Adams, Maureen B. "Emily Brontë and Dogs: Transformation Within the Human-Dog Bond". Society & Animals 8, n.º 1 (2000): 167–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853000x00110.

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AbstractThis paper examines the bond between humans and dogs as demonstrated in the life and work of Emily Bronte (1818-1848). The nineteenth century author, publishing under the pseudonym, Ellis Bell, evinced, both in her personal and professional life, the complex range of emotions explicit in the human-dog bond: attachment and companionship to domination and abuse. In Wuthering Heights, Brontë portrays the dog as scapegoat, illustrating the dark side of the bond found in many cultures. Moreover, she writes with awareness of connections - unknown in the nineteenth century - between animal abuse and domestic violence. In her personal life, Brontë's early power struggles with her companion animal mastiff, Keeper, evolve into a caring relationship. In a human-dog bond transformation that survives Brontë's death, Keeper, becomes both bridge and barrier to other human relationships. A dog may, and in this case Keeper does, take on a comprehensive role in which he both mourns his own loss and comforts others in their collective grief.

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16

He, L. H., E. Xiao, J. G. An, Y. He, S. Chen, L. Zhao, T. Zhang y Y. Zhang. "Role of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells in Impaired Bone Repair from BRONJ Osseous Lesions". Journal of Dental Research 96, n.º 5 (15 de febrero de 2017): 539–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022034517691507.

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Treatment of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) has posed significant challenges to maxillofacial surgeons because of the poor repair of BRONJ bone defects. Moreover, the pathological mechanisms remain unclear. Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) play key roles during bone repair and bone regeneration. However, the activities of BMSCs derived from BRONJ lesions and the BRONJ lesion boundary, as well as the roles of BMSCs in BRONJ defect repair, are poorly defined. In this study, we found that BMSCs from the central area of the osteonecrotic BRONJ region (center-BRONJ BMSCs) and the peripheral area at the recommended debridement boundary (peri-BRONJ BMSCs) had decreased proliferative ability, self-renewal capacity, and multidifferentiation capacities compared with control BMSCs. Osteoclast-inducing ability was also impaired in BRONJ BMSCs. All of these results suggested that the decreased activities of BRONJ BMSCs, even the BMSCs derived from the BRONJ lesion boundary, might be an important factor leading to insufficient bone repair of BRONJ lesions. This study offers early stage evidence for the use of marrow stromal cells in the treatment of BRONJ.

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17

Winnifrith, Tom. "Brontë Biography and Brontë Criticism". Brontë Studies 27, n.º 3 (noviembre de 2002): 181–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/bst.2002.27.3.181.

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18

Stowell, Robert. "Brontë Borrowings: Charlotte Brontë andIvanhoe, Emily Brontë andThe Count of Monte Cristo". Brontë Society Transactions 21, n.º 6 (enero de 1996): 243–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/030977696796439078.

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19

Daniggelis, Paul Dean. "Brontë Titbits on the Web: Surfing 'brontë'". Brontë Studies 30, n.º 1 (febrero de 2005): 76–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/147489304x18939.

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20

Veszelyné Kotán, Edit, Tímea Bartha-Lieb, Zsolt Parisek, Attiláné Meskó, Mihály Vaszilkó y Balázs Hankó. "Database analysis of the risk factors of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw in Hungarian patients". BMJ Open 9, n.º 5 (mayo de 2019): e025600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025600.

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ObjectiveBisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is a rare but serious side effect of bisphosphonates (BPs). Since this disease has no independent code in either of the diseases’ or in the medical procedures’ classifications, it is hard to estimate how many BP patients are affected.DesignA retrospective observational epidemiological registry-based study was carried out, using the data of the national service of Hungary on the incidence of BRONJ and related factors.SettingA data analysis was performed, which is relevant for the whole Hungarian population from 2010 to 2014. The socioeconomic and medication data of 236 207 BP patients were analysed, and a method was worked out to define BRONJ patients from the Hungarian BP population.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe incidences of BRONJ were analysed according to genders and the types of the BP drugs administered. The marginal interdependence between the types of BP drugs, modes of administration and main indication was calculated.Results340 BP patients (0.1%) developed BRONJ. The incidence of BRONJ in Hungary in the malignant indication of BPs is 0.9%, and 0.1% in the non-malignant indication, and the OR to develop BRONJ was OR=9.7 (95% CI 7.8 to 12.1) between them. Although more women developed BRONJ, the proportion of men was significantly higher than that of women. Steroids increase the risk of jaw osteonecrosis, and differences were also found between the BP drugs.ConclusionsOncology indicated, intravenously administered and steroid comedicated BP therapies pose a high risk of developing BRONJ in the Hungarian population.

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21

Lee, Deok-Won, Hoon Hyun, Sungsu Lee, So Kim, Gyu-Tae Kim, Sewook Um, Sung Hong, Heung Chun y Dae Yang. "The Effect of Polydeoxyribonucleotide Extracted from Salmon Sperm on the Restoration of Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw". Marine Drugs 17, n.º 1 (11 de enero de 2019): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md17010051.

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Bisphosphonates (BPs) used for treating skeletal diseases can induce bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ). Despite much effort, effective remedies are yet to be established. In the present study, we investigated the feasibility of polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) extracted from salmon sperm for the treatment of BRONJ, in a BRONJ-induced rat model. Compared with BRONJ-induced samples, PDRN-treated samples exhibited lower necrotic bone percentages and increased numbers of blood vessels and attached osteoclast production. Moreover, local administration of PDRN at a high concentration (8 mg/kg) remarkably resolved the osteonecrosis. Findings from this study suggest that local administration of PDRN at a specific concentration may be considered clinically for the management of BRONJ.

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22

Bron, Jeroen y Wiel Veugelers. "Kunnen leerlingen in het VO een rol spelen in het bepalen van hun leerplan?" Pedagogiek 34, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2014): 25–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/ped2014.1.bron.

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23

Vera B. Williams. "Bronx Doggerel". World Literature Today 88, n.º 5 (2014): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.7588/worllitetoda.88.5.0066.

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24

Crease, Robert P. "Bronx physics". Physics World 23, n.º 11 (noviembre de 2010): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-7058/23/11/29.

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25

Duckett, Bob. "Charlotte Brontë". Brontë Studies 43, n.º 2 (6 de marzo de 2018): 167–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14748932.2018.1425044.

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26

De Leo, Maddalena. "Cesare Bronte". Brontë Society Transactions 26, n.º 1 (abril de 2001): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/030977601794173169.

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27

Edwards, Sarah. "Charlotte Brontë". Women's Writing 21, n.º 4 (19 de mayo de 2014): 620–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09699082.2014.913857.

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DADAŞ, Erdoğan, Timuçin SABUNCU y Deniz ÇOLAK. "A Case of Tracheal Bronchus". Turkiye Klinikleri Archives of Lung 16, n.º 1 (2015): 15–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5336/archlung.2014-41803.

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29

Bogiel, Grzegorz. "Customized weapons identification tests". Issues of Forensic Science 308 (2020): 47–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.34836/pk.2020.308.2.

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The article raises the issue of individual weapons identification tests which can be performed, including when it is not possible to fire shots in order to obtain comparative material. The article describes one of such cases, involving bursting of the cartridge chamber of a shotgun during the shooting.

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30

Jansson, Siv. "‘Their Name Was Brontë’: Brontë Biography on Screen". Brontë Studies 43, n.º 1 (18 de diciembre de 2017): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14748932.2018.1389002.

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31

Ogden, James, Sara L. Pearson y Peter Cook. "A Brontë Reading List: Part 10 — Charlotte Brontë". Brontë Studies 44, n.º 3 (11 de junio de 2019): 306–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14748932.2019.1606474.

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32

Stepaniuk, Kevin. "Bisphosphonate Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws: A Review". Journal of Veterinary Dentistry 28, n.º 4 (diciembre de 2011): 277–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089875641102800413.

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Bisphosphonate use has increased in veterinary medicine over the last decade. During this time, bisphosphonate related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ) in human patients has been identified. Only recently was a dog model for BRONJ developed for human oral surgery and medicine. Veterinary patients treated with bisphosphonates may be at an increased risk for BRONJ. There has been little, to no, investigation of potential long term side-effects of bisphosphonate use in veterinary patients; potential sequelae are unknown. The history of bisphosphonates, their use, and BRONJ in veterinary patients are discussed.

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Lescaille, Géraldine, Amélie E. Coudert, Vanessa Baaroun, Marie-José Javelot, Martine Cohen-Solal, Ariane Berdal, Patrick Goudot, Jean Azérad, Blandine Ruhin y Vianney Descroix. "Osteonecrosis of the Jaw and Nonmalignant Disease: Is There an Association with Rheumatoid Arthritis?" Journal of Rheumatology 40, n.º 6 (15 de marzo de 2013): 781–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.120810.

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Objective.To review cases of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) occurring in association with benign disease and to describe and compare the clinical course and outcome for patients with BRONJ and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or osteoporosis.Methods.We retrospectively reviewed observations of all patients referred for treatment and followup for BRONJ from January 2007 to December 2011. Only patients with malignant disease were excluded. Demographic data, medical history, maxillofacial findings, BRONJ treatment, and followup were reviewed for each case.Results.Over a 5-year period, we diagnosed 112 patients with BRONJ. Among these patients, 15 received bisphosphonate (BP) treatment for nonmalignant disease (mean age 65.7 ± 19.8 yrs, 80% women). Patients received BP for a variety of reasons: 8 (53%) to prevent osteoporosis in association with underlying RA; 6 (40%) to prevent idiopathic osteoporosis; and 1 (7%) to treat ankle algodystrophy. The mean oral BP exposure period was 48.4 months (median 36 mo). In 13 cases (86.6%), BRONJ was diagnosed following dental extraction. Of the 8 patients with RA, 5 (62.5%) were taking prednisone at the time of the discovery of BRONJ. Major surgery, sequestrectomy, or alveolectomy was performed in 9 patients (60%), all of whom healed within 3 to 36 months (mean 11.5 mo). Comparative analysis of all the variables showed no statistically significant differences between patients with RA and others.Conclusion.ONJ is a rare adverse effect of BP therapy, especially when administered orally. Within the limits of our study, we were unable to demonstrate a difference in BRONJ disease spectrum, clinical course, or outcome between patients with and those without RA.

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Koppány, Ferenc, Árpád Joób-Fancsaly, Zsolt Németh, Andrea Alexandra Belik, Mihály Vaszilkó, Edvárd Márton Varmuzsa y Krisztián Benedek Csomó. "A biszfoszfonátkezelés állcsontnekrózist előidéző kockázatának megítélése CBCT-felvételek alapján". Orvosi Hetilap 161, n.º 21 (mayo de 2020): 867–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/650.2020.31732.

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Absztrakt: Bevezetés: A biszfoszfonátok által okozott állcsontnekrózis (BRONJ) az életminőséget jelentősen befolyásoló megbetegedés, mely mind általános, mind sebészeti vonatkozásaiban indokolja a korai diagnózis felállítását, illetve a kialakulás kockázatának felmérését. Célkitűzés: A BRONJ prognózisának becslése nem megoldott, számos radiológiai lehetőség közül a legkedvezőbbnek a fogászatban használatos képalkotó eljárások tűnnek, melyek közül a legígéretesebb lehet a ’cone-beam computed tomography’ (CBCT). Az oralisan alkalmazott biszfoszfonátterápia következtében kialakuló BRONJ kockázatbecslését nem hangsúlyozzák a vizsgálatok, a nagyobb kockázatot jelentő intravénás alkalmazásra fókuszálnak. Módszer: Méréseinket – az eddig publikált vizsgálatokkal ellentétben – preoperatív CBCT-felvételeken végeztük, ezáltal a kockázatbecslés lehetőségét közvetlenül vizsgáltuk. Vizsgálatainkat CBCT-felvételek értékelésével végeztük; reprezentatív területként a foramen mentale középvonalában elhelyezkedő frontális metszeteket választottuk ki, és több ponton mértünk denzitást, a corticalis csontállomány vastagságát, valamint a foramen mentale átmérőjét is megmértük. Az első vizsgálati csoportban olyan osteoporosisos betegeket vizsgáltunk, akiknél oralis biszfoszfonátterápiát követően alakult ki BRONJ. A második csoportban olyan betegeket néztünk, akik osteoporosis miatt oralis biszfoszfonátterápiában részesültek, és a szájsebészeti beavatkozást követően nem alakult ki BRONJ. A kontrollcsoportban olyan betegek voltak, akik nem kaptak a BRONJ etiológiájában szereplő gyógyszert. Eredmények: Eredményeink alapján elmondható, hogy a preoperatív CBCT-felvételeket értékelve nem tapasztalható jelentős különbség a BRONJ-elváltozástól szenvedők és az egészségesek csontdenzitási értékei között. Következtetés: Ezek alapján kijelenthető, hogy a sugárterheléssel járó CBCT-felvétel az osteoporosis miatt oralis biszfoszfonátot szedők esetében a BRONJ prognosztikai becslésére nem alkalmazható. Mindez fontos ahhoz, hogy a prognózisbecsléshez a pácienst érő sugárdózist ne emeljük szükségtelenül az ALARA (as low as reasonably achievable)-elv értelmében. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(21): 867–872.

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LAZĂR, Adela Cristina, Radu LĂCĂTUȘ, Robert PURDOIU, Lucia BEL, Orsolya SARPATAKI, Mariana PĂCURAR y Radu Septimiu CÂMPIAN. "Radiological Aspects of BRONJ after Dental Extractions in Ovariectomized Female Wistar Rats". Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Veterinary Medicine 75, n.º 1 (19 de mayo de 2018): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:002017.

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Experimental study in animal model - female Wistar rats – using two types of bisphosphonates (ibandronic acid and denosumab) for treating osteoporosis induced by ovariectomy, performing extractions in the maxillary central incisors and occurance of bisphosphonates related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) after the dental extractions. The appearance of BRONJ in female Wistar rats which had undergone ovariectomy in advance and received two types of bisphosphonates and a comparison between 3 groups show that BRONJ it is first diagnosticated radiological, before it is first signs in oral cavity. Therefore, careful monitoring of patients undergoing bisphosphonate therapy is essential in the clear and accurate diagnosis of BRONJ. According to the experiment conducted by us, the administration of this class of bisphosphonates has antibacterial effects, decrease osteoclasts activity and thus decrease the bone resorption, but as a secondary main effect it induces BRONJ after performing routine dental surgeries.

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Otto, Sven, Christoph Pautke, Sigurd Hafner, Ronny Hesse, Lea Franziska Reichardt, Gerson Mast, Michael Ehrenfeld y Carl-Peter Cornelius. "Pathologic Fractures in Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw—Review of the Literature and Review of Our Own Cases". Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction 6, n.º 3 (septiembre de 2013): 147–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0033-1343776.

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Background Bisphosphonates are powerful drugs used for the management of osteoporosis and metastatic bone disease to avoid skeletal-related complications. Side effects are rare but potentially serious such as the bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ). BRONJ impairs the quality of life and can even lead to pathologic fractures of the mandible. Management of BRONJ is difficult per se. If complicated with pathologic mandibular fractures in advanced stages, the treatment options are controversially discussed. This review delineates the epidemiology and pathogenesis of BRONJ to put the various modalities for the treatment of pathologic mandible fractures into perspective. Methods Various case reports and case series in the literature were reviewed. Cases were reviewed of patients suffering from pathologic fracture due to bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw treated in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich) from 2003 to 2010. Of 140 patients suffering from BRONJ, four were identified with pathologic fracture of the mandible. Results Management of pathologic mandibular fractures in patients suffering from BRONJ is an unsolved issue. At present there is a paucity of information to establish reliable therapy guidelines. The published strategies range from conservative treatment to major bone resections with or without internal or external fixation and with or without autogenous reconstruction. There is no evidence for the superiority of a single therapeutic mode, however. Conclusion Further understanding of BRONJ is mandatory to establish a sound rationale for the treatment of associated mandibular fractures.

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Gallagher, H. W. "Hugh Prunty/Brunty/Brontë: Grandfather of the Brontë Sisters". Brontë Studies 28, n.º 2 (julio de 2003): 103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/bst.2003.28.2.103.

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Kim, Jin-Woo, Jeong Yee, Sang-Hyeon Oh, Sun-Hyun Kim, Sun-Jong Kim, Jee-Eun Chung y Hye-Sun Gwak. "Machine Learning Approaches for Predicting Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis in Women with Osteoporosis Using VEGFA Gene Polymorphisms". Journal of Personalized Medicine 11, n.º 6 (10 de junio de 2021): 541. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm11060541.

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Objective: This nested case–control study aimed to investigate the effects of VEGFA polymorphisms on the development of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) in women with osteoporosis. Methods: Eleven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the VEGFA were assessed in a total of 125 patients. Logistic regression was performed for multivariable analysis. Machine learning algorithms, namely, fivefold cross-validated multivariate logistic regression, elastic net, random forest, and support vector machine, were developed to predict risk factors for BRONJ occurrence. Area under the receiver-operating curve (AUROC) analysis was conducted to assess clinical performance. Results: The VEGFA rs881858 was significantly associated with BRONJ development. The odds of BRONJ development were 6.45 times (95% CI, 1.69–24.65) higher among carriers of the wild-type rs881858 allele compared with variant homozygote carriers after adjusting for covariates. Additionally, variant homozygote (GG) carriers of rs10434 had higher odds than those with wild-type allele (OR, 3.16). Age ≥ 65 years (OR, 16.05) and bisphosphonate exposure ≥ 36 months (OR, 3.67) were also significant risk factors for BRONJ occurrence. AUROC values were higher than 0.78 for all machine learning methods employed in this study. Conclusion: Our study showed that the BRONJ occurrence was associated with VEGFA polymorphisms in osteoporotic women.

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Kim, Hyo Jung, Hyeok Shim, Eunkyung Park, Min Kyoung Kim, Seok Jin Kim, Joon Seong Park, Jong-Ho Won, Chang-Ki Min y Jae Hoon Lee. "Osteonecrosis of the Jaw in Multiple Myeloma Patients: Incidence and Characteristics in Korean Patients." Blood 114, n.º 22 (20 de noviembre de 2009): 4956. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.4956.4956.

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Abstract Abstract 4956 Introduction Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (ONJ) is a potentially serious complication of bisphosphonate (BP) therapy in multiple myeloma (MM). Despite of current update about bisphosphonate related ONJ (BRONJ), only a few Asian BRONJ cases were reported and incidence of BRONJ in Asian MM patients has not yet been definitively estimated. The purpose of this study was to determine incidence and characteristics of BRONJ in Korean MM patients who were receiving BP therapy. Patients and Methods We invited 9 hospitals of Korean Multiple Myeloma Working Group (KMMWP) to participate in a retrospective multicenter study on BRONJ in MM patients. To defined BRONJ incidence, we reviewed the data from 130 MM patients treated with BP in one hospital. We also reviewed the medical records of MM patients with BRONJ treated in 9 hospitals to know the patterns of disease. We analyzed patient and disease characteristics, type and number of BP infusions, previous history of dental procedures, locations of osteonecrosis, clinical symptoms, treatment and outcome. ONJ was defined as clinical evidence of exposed bone in the jaw, which has been present for more than 8 weeks. Results Nine of 130 MM patients (6.9%) treated with BP developed BRONJ in the hospital. Twenty-two patients with MM developed BRONJ after a median number of 17 BP infusions (range 6 - 50) in all 9 hospitals. None of the patients had been irradiated to the jaw. There were 14 male and 8 female patients. The median age was 62 years (range 46 – 75). Median time from MM diagnosis to BRONJ was 2.8 years (range 0.6 – 15.6). The MM isotype was IgG in 9, IgA in 8, IgM in 1, light chain in 3 and non-secretory myeloma in 1 patient. BP therapy included zoledronate (n = 2) or pamidronate (n = 4) and both drugs as sequential treatment (n = 16). Fifteen patients had recent problems in oral cavity (72.7%) and 14 had prior dental procedures (63.6%). The mandible was involved in 14 patients (63.6%), the maxilla in 7 (31.8%), and both the maxilla and mandible in 1 (4.5%). Patients usually presented with pain and soft tissue swelling. ONJ staging (Khan et al. Canadian consensus practice guidelines of Bisphosphonate associated ONJ. J Rheumatol 2008;35:1391-7) was used to define the severity, there were 5 patients in stage I, 14 in stage II and 1 in stage III. Because of the limitation of retrospective study, the stage of 2 patients could not be confirmed. Management of these established cases were discontinuation of BP and medical treatment including antibiotics and pain killer. Surgical debridement of necrotic bone was performed in 12 patients. From onset of exposed bone in jaw, patients were followed for median 11 months (range 4.2 - 42). Wounds of 10 patients were healed at median 175 days (range 60 – 404) after bone exposure. In 8 patients, lesions had persisted over 154 days (range 66 – 425). Evaluation was impossible for 4 patients due to loss of follow up. Four patients were dead because of disease progression (n = 3) or concomitant infection. BRONJ was healed in 2 of them. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest retrospective study ever reported about BRONJ in Asian MM patients. The incidence of BRONJ in Korean MM patients was 6.9% and this is similar with data in western countries. Clinical manifestations and outcome of BRONJ in Korean patients were not different from previously reported data, but no risk factors could be definitively identified with our retrospective analysis. In the name of KMMWP, prospective trials are ongoing to define incidence and risk factors of BRONJ in Korean MM patients. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Chronopoulos, Themis. "The Rebuilding of the South Bronx after the Fiscal Crisis". Journal of Urban History 43, n.º 6 (27 de junio de 2017): 932–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0096144217714764.

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This article explores the rebuilding of the South Bronx since 1977. This rebuilding represents an important public policy accomplishment, since the South Bronx was one of the most physically devastated areas in the United States. In terms of economic policy, the rebuilding of the South Bronx defies linear narratives. One the one hand, public–private partnerships, which represent some of the most important features of urban neoliberalism, were used heavily in the revitalization of the South Bronx. Community organizations that had been rebuilding areas in the South Bronx in the 1970s and the 1980s were required to conform to the requirements of the market, if they were to continue participating in urban development. On the other hand, the building of housing for low- and moderate-income people is not exactly a neoliberal economic policy, since these housing units were built with public subsidies and regulated by government agencies. In its insistence to rebuild the South Bronx as well as other physically devastated areas, the city government of New York became involved in creative financing by incorporating nongovernment organizations that were ran by accomplished businesspeople but remained nonprofit. And whatever the original intentions of city administrations in building and preserving affordable housing in the South Bronx may have been, the accommodation of so many low-income people performing low-paying but essential jobs has contributed to the making of a more vibrant urban economy, even if these same people are not necessarily the ones benefitting from New York’s economic dynamism.

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Badurowicz, Przemysław y Wiesław Stępniak. "EXPECTED DESIGN CHARACTERISTICS OF NEW POLISH MILITARY PISTOL". PROBLEMY TECHNIKI UZBROJENIA, n.º 1 (31 de mayo de 2017): 95–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.0286.

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Artykuł opisuje jakie cechy konstrukcyjne powinien posiadać nowy polski pistolet. Przywołano najnowsze wymagania na pistolet dla Wojska Polskiego. Opracowanie przedstawia aktualne tendencje oraz stosowane rozwiązania konstrukcyjne, poparte przykładami producentów broni z całego świata. Artykuł opisuje, jakie cechy obecnie są najbardziej doceniane i z jakich powodów. Skupiono się na aspekcie ergonomicznym, czyli przystosowaniu broni do strzelców prawo- i lewo ręcznych, wygodnej obsłudze zapewniającej szybką reakcję strzelca oraz na zabezpieczeniach, czyli stosowaniu bezpieczników i innych dodatkowych rozwiązań podnoszących poziom bezpieczeństwa przy eksploatacji. Przedstawiono najnowsze wymagania w zakresie niezawodności pistoletów, w normalnych jak i ciężkich warunkach eksploatacji, a także wymagania w zakresie żywotności broni, przy zachowaniu odpowiednich parametrów (skupienia i prędkości początkowej pocisków). Opisano również w skrócie metody badań broni strzeleckiej, które pozwalają zweryfikować pracę automatyki w ciężkich warunkach eksploatacji.

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Hinson, A. M., C. W. Smith, E. R. Siegel y B. C. Stack. "Is Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw an Infection? A Histological and Microbiological Ten-Year Summary". International Journal of Dentistry 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/452737.

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The role of infection in the etiology of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is poorly understood. Large-scale epidemiological descriptions of the histology and microbiology of BRONJ are not found in the literature. Herein, we present a systematic review of BRONJ histology and microbiology (including demographics, immunocompromised associations, clinical signs and symptoms, disease severity, antibiotic and surgical treatments, and recovery status) validating that infection should still be considered a prime component in the multifactorial disease.

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Baqain, Zaid H., Faleh A. Sawair, Zaid Tamimi, Nazzal Bsoul, Ghazi Al Edwan, Jamal K. Almasad y Abdalla A. Abbadi. "Osteonecrosis of jaws related to intravenous bisphosphonates: the experience of a Jordanian teaching hospital". Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 92, n.º 6 (septiembre de 2010): 489–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/003588410x12699663903395.

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INTRODUCTION We describe our experience with oncology patients on a frequent dosing schedule of intravenous (i.v.) bisphosphonates at the Jordan University Hospital (JUH). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients treated by i.v. bisphosphonates in the medical oncology unit at the JUH were examined for bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ). Diagnosis was made according to the guidelines of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (AAOMS) original position paper. RESULTS Of the 41 patients, four developed BRONJ, two in maxilla, one in mandible and one bimaxillary. Patients with BRONJ were older; mean age was 69.3 ±3.1 years compared to 62.8 ± 12.5 years (P = 0.022). Dental co-morbidities were more commonly present in patients with the disease (P = 0.038). Patients who developed BRONJ were on treatment for a longer duration of time; the mean duration of treatment was 23.5 ± 8.4 months compared to 11.9 ± 13.4 months (P = 0.10). CONCLUSIONS The results of this case series demonstrated that age and poor oral health status are significant risk factors of BRONJ for oncology patients on long-term frequent dosing schedule of i.v. bisphosphonates.

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Zielińska, Aleksandra y Magdalena Seń. "Przekonania o świecie społecznym a pogląd na prawo do posiadania broni palnej w Polsce". Ogrody Nauk i Sztuk 9 (14 de agosto de 2019): 75–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.15503/onis2019.75.94.

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Cel badań. Celem prezentowanych badań było ustalenie, jakie przekonania o świecie społecznym współwystępują z określonym poglądem na prawo do posiadania broni palnej w Polsce – mniej lub bardziej permisywnym (liberalnym). Metodologia. Grupę badawczą stanowiło 109 osób (74 kobiety i 35 mężczyzn) rekrutowanych metodą kuli śnieżnej. Badanie przeprowadzone było w formie internetowej; polegało na wypełnieniu Kwestionariusza Przekonań Społecznych i odpowiedzi na pytania o pogląd na prawo do posiadania broni palnej w Polsce oraz o dotychczasowe doświadczenia z bronią palną. Wyniki badań. Pięć z sześciu stawianych hipotez nie znalazło potwierdzenia w uzyskanych wynikach. Ustalono jednak, że wraz ze wzrostem poziomu orientacji na dominację społeczną (SDO) opinie na temat prawa do posiadania broni palnej stawały się średnio bardziej liberalne. Wykryto, że mężczyźni w porównaniu do kobiet charakteryzują się bardziej przyzwalającymi poglądami na temat prawa do broni palnej. Podobnie badani będący w relacjach z osobami, którym przyznano prawo dostępu do broni, wyrażają bardziej permisywne przekonania w omawianej sprawie. Mieszkańcy dużych miast przejawiają bardziej liberalne przekonania kulturowe i ekonomiczne, a także słabszy poziom prawicowego autorytaryzmu niż osoby zamieszkujące mniejsze miejscowości i wsie. Spośród pozycji wchodzących w skład skali SDO wyodrębniono dwa wymiary: Antyegalitaryzmu oraz Dominacji (Opresyjności). Wnioski. Badanie wpisuje się w istotny społecznie dyskurs dotyczący posiadania broni palnej; dostarcza wiedzy o motywach sięgania ludzi po taką broń oraz tłumaczy, jak zmieniają się ich pobudki pod wpływem dostępu do niej. Znaczącym ograniczeniem badania jest sposób, w jaki sprawdzano opinię na temat prawa do posiadania broni (zadawano wyłącznie jedno pytanie). W kolejnych pracach warto zastosować bardziej rozbudowane narzędzie. Słowa kluczowe: broń palna, orientacja na dominację społeczną, prawicowy autorytaryzm, świat jako rywalizacyjna dżungla, świat jako miejsce niebezpieczne, przekonania kulturowe, przekonania ekonomiczne, zaufanie interpersonalne

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Andriani, Alessandro AA Alessandro, Maria Teresa MTP Petrucci, Tommaso Caravita, Marco Montanaro, Francesco Pisani, Ugo Coppetelli, Marianna De Muro et al. "Evolution of Bisphosphonates Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (BRONJ) in Patients with Multiple Myeloma (MM): A Retrospective Study". Blood 112, n.º 11 (16 de noviembre de 2008): 2705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.2705.2705.

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Abstract INTRODUCTION: Bisphosphonates (Bsf) are a recognized and effective class of drugs used intravenously to treat cancer-related conditions, such as multiple myeloma (MM) and others solid tumours for the prevention of pathologic fractures, and in oral form to prevent osteoporosis and osteopenia. Some other activities are described as immunomodulating effects. Evolution of bisphosphonates related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is a rare complication with the risk increasing the longer the patient uses the drug. Pamidronate and Zolendronic acid can induce BRONJ in 0,8% – 12% of patients as described in different casistics. In this study we want describe the evolution and outcome of the BRONJ in a multicentric casistic. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In our group we observed 55 pts with Multiple Myeloma (MM) who developed BRONJ; immunoglobulin isotype was: 25 pts IgG-κ; 6 pts IgG-λ, 12 pts IgA-κ; 3 pt IgA-λ, 5 pts IgM-κ, 3 pts MM light chain κ and 1 pt MM light chain λ. Median age was 72 years (range 56–95), male 16/female 39. All patients were treated with Bsf: Pamidronate 1 pts (1,8 %), Zolendronate 36 pts (65,5 %), Pamidronate/zolendronate 18 pts (32,7 %). The average dose of Pamidronate was 2.022 mg (range 90–6.750 mg) and of zoledronate was 84 mg (range 4–256 mg). Anatomic localisation of the BRONJ was: mandible 29 pts (52,7%); maxilla 22 pts (40%); mandible/maxilla 4 cases (7,3 %). The most common trigger for BRONJ was dentoalveolar surgery, including extractions (43 cases-78, 4%), dental implant placement (3 patients-5, 4%), periodontal disease (5 cases-9 %), and in 3 patients with dental prothesis (5, 4%); 1 patient (1,8%) developed BRONJ spontaneously. All patients stopped bsf therapy after BRONJ diagnosis. RESULTS: All patients were treated with conservative treatment such as antibiotic therapy. In 18 patients (32,7%) antibiotic therapy was the only treatment used. Six patients (10,9%) received antibiotic associated with surgical debridement of necrotic bone. Sixteen patients (29%) were treated with antibiotic therapy in combination with hyperbaric oxygen therapy/ozonotherapy and curettage; twelve patients (21, 8%) required sequestrectomy in association with antibiotic and oxygen/hyperbaric therapy. Three patients (5,4%) refused any therapy. Resolution was observed in 19 cases (34,5%); 24 patients (43,6%) improved as pain and as control of infection of the soft and hard tissue. The osteonecrosis was invariated in 9 patients (16,3%); three patients (5, 4%) did not responde to treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Our retrospective study demonstrate that, in established BRONJ, clinical improvement can be obtained in a high percentage (78%), with a complete resolution of bone necrosis in one third of patients. Surgical treatment, associated with antibiotic therapy, is the most effective treatment to eradicate the necrotic bone. The effectiveness of hyperbaric oxygen therapy is not nowadays well determined, but in our experience it demonstrated its utility. Because the most common trigger for BRONJ was dental extractions, prior to treatment with bsf, all patients should have a thorough oral examination and should be completed all invasive dental procedures, achieving optimal periodontal health. With increased recognition and follow up of the BRONJ, it is likely that our knowledge will improve the risk of developing BRONJ and obtaining in more patients a complete remission.

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Albu Stan, Ioana Aurita, Cecilia Petrovan, Diana Cerghizan, Daniel Emil Albu, Adriana Elena Craciun y Constantin Copotoiu. "Chemical Features of Bisphosphonates and Histopathological Outcomes in Rat Jaw Treated with Zoledronic Acid Combined with Dexamethasone". Revista de Chimie 69, n.º 7 (15 de agosto de 2018): 1802–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.18.7.6420.

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Bisphosphonate related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ) is a pathological entity described for the first time in 2003; three criteria are mandatory: no radiotion therapy,exposed bone in oral cavities for at least eight weeks with no signs of healing, bisphosphonate therapy in present or in the past,in patients with bisphosphonate therapy in present or in the past. Bisphosphonates (BPs) are stable analogues of natural inorganic pyrophosphate, which inhibit bone resorption. In literature, most patients diagnosed with BRONJ were suffering from multiple myeloma and they had a treatment with nitrogen containing BPs and steroids such as dexamethasone intravenously. With this study we have aimed to achieve a rat model of BRONJ and to evaluate histopathological findings how concurrent use of BPs and steroids can affect emergence of BRONJ in this study.

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Coskun Benlidayi, Ilke y Rengin Guzel. "Oral Bisphosphonate Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: A Challenging Adverse Effect". ISRN Rheumatology 2013 (16 de mayo de 2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/215034.

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Oral bisphosphonates are the most commonly prescribed antiresorptive drugs for the treatment of osteoporosis. However, there are several adverse effects associated with oral bisphosphonates including the bisphosphonate related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ). With a better understanding of this side effect, reported incidences for BRONJ in oral bisphosphonate users have increased in time. The pathogenesis of BRONJ has not been well determined. Several risk factors such as dentoalveolar surgery, therapy duration, and concomitant steroid usage have been linked to BRONJ. Conservative and surgical methods can be preferred in the treatment. Preventative measures are of great importance for the patients at high risk. In this paper, osteonecrosis of the jaw secondary to oral bisphosphonates was reviewed in order to increase awareness as well as to renew the current knowledge.

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Badros, Ashraf, Sunita Philip, Patricia Lesho, Mariola Sadowska, Dianna Weikel, Timothy Meiller, Rena Lapidus, Lisa Hester, Todd Milliron y Olga Goloubeva. "Cytokine Alteration In Multiple Myeloma (MM) Patients and Bisphosphonate (BP)-Related Osteonecrosis Of The Jaw (BRONJ)". Blood 122, n.º 21 (15 de noviembre de 2013): 3153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v122.21.3153.3153.

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Abstract Introduction BRONJ is a complex process that involves interplay of drug effect, bacteria-host immune interactions, and alteration of cytokines and inflammatory mediators leading to impaired healing of the mucosa. In this prospective study, we evaluated MM patients on long term BP therapy to define risk factors and explore cytokine changes in relationship to BP infusion and development of BRONJ. Methods and patients 110 MM patients were enrolled on the study and followed for 18 months. Patients were receiving zoledronic acid infusions once a month (n=75) or every 3 months (n=35) for those in stable remission > 3 years. Patients had clinical and oral evaluations at each visit. Blood samples were collected at baseline and every 6 months. Saliva samples were obtained every 3 months (before and 15 minutes after zoledronic acid infusions). Cytokine expression was analyzed using MULLIPLEX MAP Multiplex Assay (EMD Millipore, MA). Results Median time from MM diagnosis was 3.7 years (range: 2.5-13) for 100 patients; 10 newly diagnosed patients had a median of 7 months (range: 1-9). Median age was 57 years (range: 33-81); 58 were Caucasians, 49 African American, 3 Asians; 68 were males. At study entry, 87 (79%) patients were in remission: CR (n=35, 32%) of them 15 were in CR for > 7 years, PR (n=52, 47%) and PD (n=23, 21%). At study entry, 24 patients were not receiving any MM therapy; most were on maintenance with lenalidomide (n=59), and 10 were receiving induction. While on study, 50 patients progressed and received salvage therapies that included: bortezomib based (n=14), lenalidomide (n=6), carfilzomib (n=16) and other clinical trials (n=14). Thirteen patients died: 9 from complications of relapsed MM and 4 from other causes. Eighteen patients withdrew consent for sample collection and dental evaluations but were followed clinically. Most patients had history of dental procedures (extractions, n=80). The predominant pathology detected during dental evaluations included: moderate/severe periodontal disease (n=45) and gross dental caries (n=15); while on the study, 66 patients continued regular dental cleaning and 10 had dental extractions. During the 18 months of follow up, 14 patients developed new lesions with exposed bone for 8 weeks, meeting the definition of BRONJ. Median time from MM diagnosis to BRONJ was 5.7 years (the 95% CI: 1.9-12.0). BRONJ patients were in remission (n=9), receiving monthly zoledronic acid (n=9), dental extractions (n=9) and three had recurrent BRONJ. There was no association found between BRONJ and diabetes, smoking, or dental pathology. BRONJ treatment was conservative consisting of antibiotics and holding BP therapy. There are 5 patients who continue to have non-healing BRONJ lesions. Saliva and serum samples obtained during this study (baseline, midpoint (6-9 months), end (12-18 months) were assessed for the following cytokines: interleukins (IL)-1β, -6, and -17; TNF-α, IFN-α, TGF-β, MIP-1 α β, MMP-9, Osteopontin, Osteocalcin, RANKL, Osteoprotregerin, VEGF and EGF in 43 patients with ONJ (n=13) and without ONJ (n=30). There were statistically significant lower levels of VEGF and TGF- β (p= .04 and .02, respectively) in the serum overtime in patients who developed BRONJ, figure below. In the saliva cytokines levels were significantly lower in patients who developed BRONJ vs no BRONJ at baseline, before and after zoledronic acid infusions: [Mean pg/ml (SD), p value]: MIP-1 β [14 (3) vs 6(2), p=0.01]; IL-1 β [1824 (1518) vs 72 (38), p=0.04]; IL-6 [15 (4) vs 3 (3), p=0.02]; TNF-α [10 (3) vs 3 (2), p=0.09]. Osteoprotregerin [213 (39) vs 125 (26), p=0.07] was borderline higher in those without BRONJ. Conclusion the incidence of BRONJ remains high at 12% after a median of 5 years of BP use. Dental extraction remains the most significant risk factor for BRONJ. The salivary cytokine repertoire suggests M1 macrophage polarization (recently reported by Zhang et, Clin Cancer Res 2013), in response to injury. The low levels of VEGF and TGF in the serum in response to injury further impair the mucosal healing. Time points 1. Baseline, 2. Midpoint (6-9 months), 3. End of study (12-18 months) Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Leavesley, James H. "The Brontë family". Medical Journal of Australia 143, n.º 9 (octubre de 1985): 415–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1985.tb123109.x.

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Ruggiero, Salvatore L. "Diagnosis of BRONJ". Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 67, n.º 9 (septiembre de 2009): 2–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2009.05.293.

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