Artículos de revistas:

1

Flora, Stephen R. y Richard E. Logan. "Using Computerized Study Guides to Increase Performance on General Psychology Examinations: An Experimental Analysis". Psychological Reports 79, n.º 1 (agosto de 1996): 235–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1996.79.1.235.

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The effectiveness of using a commercially available computerized study guide to improve performance on examinations in two general psychology courses was investigated. The experimental design required 37 students to use a computerized study guide on two examinations and not on two others, counterbalanced across two classes. Analysis suggested that use of the study guides was associated with an increase in examination scores. These commercially available computerized study guides may be effective because they use many empirically established general principles of learning.

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2

Curtis, John M. "Elements of Behavioral Health Intervention in Geriatric Long-Term Care Settings". Psychological Reports 79, n.º 1 (agosto de 1996): 24–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1996.79.1.24.

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The effectiveness of using a commercially available computerized study guide to improve performance on examinations in two general psychology courses was investigated. The experimental design required 37 students to use a computerized study guide on two examinations and not on two others, counterbalanced across two classes. Analysis suggested that use of the study guides was associated with an increase in examination scores. These commercially available computerized study guides may be effective because they use many empirically established general principles of learning.

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3

Brigham, Christopher R. "Erroneous Impairment Ratings". Guides Newsletter 11, n.º 4 (1 de julio de 2006): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/amaguidesnewsletters.2006.julaug01.

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Abstract This article continues a discussion of the results of a nationwide study that reviewed 2100 impairment ratings and found a large number of errors (see the May/June issue of The Guides Newsletter). Spinal impairment ratings, for example, often are erroneous. Although the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment, (AMA Guides) clearly specifies use of the Diagnosis related estimates (DRE) method, evaluators sometimes incorrectly use the range-of-motion (ROM) method, which is fraught with potential error and typically results in higher impairment ratings. The most common problem associated with rating the lower extremities is combining multiple duplicative impairments. Multiple impairments typically are combined rather than added because the latter usually results in overrating impairments. A sidebar highlights red flags to erroneous AMA Guides ratings, and evaluators can take a number of steps to ensure accurate ratings. The first of these is to ensure an unbiased rating, preferably by a board-certified physician who, ideally, also has certification in the performance of independent medical and impairment examinations. The client requesting the evaluation should provide a cover letter describing the specifics of the evaluation, and the evaluator's report should comply with standards defined in the AMA Guides. All submitted reports should be reviewed by a physician experienced in the use of the AMA Guides; this cannot be accomplished by a nonphysician reviewer.

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4

Turk, Dennis C., James P. Robinson y Mary Aulet. "Clinical Update: The Impairment Impact Inventory: Comparison of Responses by Treatment-seekers and Claimants Undergoing Independent Medical Examinations". Guides Newsletter 10, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2005): 6–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/amaguidesnewsletters.2005.janfeb03.

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Abstract In the adversarial setting of an independent medical evaluation (IME), claimants may be incentivized to exaggerate the severity of their problems. The AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides) describes a protocol for assessing impairment associated with chronic pain, including the Impairment Impact Inventory (I3) that consists of 26 items that assess the burden of illness in three domains: pain intensity, interference with activities of daily living, and emotional distress. A study was performed to establish preliminary norms for the I3 and to compare responses of claimants undergoing IMEs with those of treatment-seeking chronic pain patients: 183 patients completed the I3, including fibromyalgia syndrome patients (FMS group), 35 multidisciplinary pain center patients (PC group), and 72 claimants undergoing IMEs. Patients in the latter two groups had a variety of chronic pain problems (and hypothetically may be more likely to exaggerate their problems). The three groups had similar mean scores on the total I3 and for each of the FMS, PC, and IME groups. Results support the hypothesis that participants, in aggregate, do not exaggerate their pain when they undergo IMEs, although some quite possibly do. These results are a step toward establishing a scientific basis for the impairment rating system described in the AMA Guides from consensus-based rules to an evidence-based system for making decisions about impairment.

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5

Watson, Jane M. "Brief Report: The Keller Plan, Final Examinations, and Long-Term Retention". Journal for Research in Mathematics Education 17, n.º 1 (enero de 1986): 60–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/jresematheduc.17.1.0060.

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The Keller Plan for a personalized system of instruction as applied to college-level courses is usually characterized by (a) individual pacing, (b) a mastery orientation, (c) the presence of student tutors, (d) the use of printed study guides, and (e) the inclusion of a few lectures for enrichment (Kulik, Kulik, & Carmichael, 1974). In mathematics courses the plan has led to positive reactions from students, lower dropout rates, and higher final examination scores (Anderson & Pritchett, 1977; Peluso & Baranchik, 1977; Rogers & Young, 1977; Struik & Flexer, 1977; Waits & Riner, 1975; Weir, 1977). The issue of the long-term retention of concepts in personalized mathematics courses, however, appears not to have been addressed.

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6

Curran, Claire. "Smartphone Applications: Potential Tools for Use in Preparing for CCRN Certification Examinations". Critical Care Nurse 34, n.º 3 (1 de junio de 2014): 62–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ccn2014842.

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Recent advances in smartphone technology now allow clinicians to use commercially produced applications when studying for nursing certification examinations. The quality of currently available CCRN review applications varies in this first generation of products. Most are limited to multiple-choice practice questions, although a few have additional elements such as study guides and reference charts. Weaknesses found in the applications evaluated include poorly written and edited content, questions limited to rote memorization rather than application and analysis of knowledge, and content too basic or outside the scope of experienced critical care nursing practice. A list of important factors for consumers to consider before purchase is provided.

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7

Fikar, Charles R. "Internet Resources for Podiatric Medical Students". Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 95, n.º 2 (1 de marzo de 2005): 211–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.7547/0950211.

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This article presents a selection of Internet resources covering most of the subject areas found in standard medical education curricula. Basic-sciences sites are emphasized, but clinical resources are also included. Sites were evaluated on the basis of their potential to enhance the learning process, provide practice questions or study guides for examinations, or aid in the preparation of papers. Podiatric medical students, residents, and practitioners who require a quick reference guide to sources covering the basic-science foundations of podiatric medicine or the clinical side of general medicine may find this article useful. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 95(2): 211–215, 2005)

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8

Fikar, Charles R. y Ronald M. Fikar. "Internet Resources for Podiatric Medical Students". Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 91, n.º 6 (1 de junio de 2001): 316–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.7547/87507315-91-6-316.

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This paper presents a selection of Internet resources covering most of the subject areas found in standard medical education curricula. Basic sciences sites are emphasized, but clinical resources are also included. Reported sites were judged based on their potential to enhance the learning process, provide practice questions or study guides for examinations, or aid in the preparation of papers. In addition to podiatric medical students, residents and practitioners who require a quick reference source to either the basic science foundations of podiatric medicine or the clinical side of podiatric practice may find this paper useful. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 91(6): 316-323, 2001)

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9

Duan, Xiaojun, Peng He, Huaquan Fan, Chengchang Zhang, Fuyou Wang y Liu Yang. "Application of 3D-Printed Personalized Guide in Arthroscopic Ankle Arthrodesis". BioMed Research International 2018 (12 de septiembre de 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3531293.

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Objective. To accurately drill the Kirschner wire with the help of the 3D-printed personalized guide and to evaluate the feasibility of the 3D technology as well as the outcome of the surgery. Methods. Patients’ DICM data of ankle via CT examinations were introduced into the MIMICS software to design the personalized guides. Two 2mm Kirschner wires were drilled with the help of the guides; the C-arm fluoroscopy was used to confirm the position of the wires before applying the cannulated screws. The patients who underwent ankle arthrodesis were divided into two groups. The experimental group adopted the 3D-printed personalized guides, while the control group received traditional method, i.e., drilling the Kirschner wires according to the surgeon’s previous experience. The times of completing drilling the Kirschner wires to correct position were compared between the two groups. Regular follow-ups were conducted to statistically analyze the differences in the ankle fusion time and AOFAS scores between the two groups. Results. 3D-printed personalized guides were successfully prepared. A total of 29 patients were enrolled, 15 in the experimental group and 14 in the control group. It took 2.2 ± 0.8 minutes to drill the Kirschner wires to correct position in the experimental group and 4.5 ± 1.6 minutes in the control group (p=0.001). No obvious complications occurred in the two groups during and after surgery. Postoperative radiographs confirmed bony fusion in all cases. There were no significant differences in the fusion time (p=0.82) and AOFAS scores at 1 year postoperatively between the two groups (p=0.55). Conclusions. The application of 3D-printed personalized guide in assisting the accurate drilling of Kirschner wire in ankle arthrodesis can shorten the operation time and reduce the intraoperative radiation. This technique does not affect the surgical outcome. Trial Registration Number. This study is registered on www.clinicaltrials.gov with NCT03626935.

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10

Nkrumah, Abena Adasa, Daniel Apaak y Stephen Kyenkyehene Addae. "Professional Experiences, Leadership Growth, and Progression Approaches Adopted by Women Working Within Professional Sports Organisations in Ghanaanisations in Ghana". Baltic Journal of Sport and Health Sciences 3, n.º 130 (29 de noviembre de 2023): 11–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33607/bjshs.v3i130.1416.

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The study explored experiences, leadership growth, and progression approaches adopted by women working within higher professional sports leadership organisations in Ghana. An interpretive research paradigm was adopted. The data was collected using interview guides and analysed with the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). The study revealed interest in a particular sport propelled women in sports leadership positions to select sports-related careers and accumulate the best knowledge and experience that placed them in such advantageous positions to make meaningful contributions to sports in Ghana. The study established that women with clear-cut career advancement pathways have it easy when it comes to assuming leadership positions. It was recommended that qualitative and quantitative examinations be made to understand the differences in the experiences of males in similar sporting positions. Keywords: leadership, progression, approach, professional sports, leadership.

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11

Kuresoi, Makaa, Eugene Lyamtane y Gadi Koda. "Influence of School Physical Facilities on Academic Performance of Community Secondary Schools’ Students in Form Four National Examinations in Longido District, Tanzania". British Journal of Education 10, n.º 12 (15 de septiembre de 2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.37745/bje.2013/vol10n12116.

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The study investigated the influence of physical facilities on academic performance of community secondary schools students’ in the form four national examinations in Longido District, Tanzania. The study was guided by one research question aimed at finding out how physical facilities influence academic performance of community secondary school students in form four national examinations. Social Learning Theory developed by Psychologist Albert Bandura in 1977 guided the study. Convergent design under mixed research method was adopted whereby probability and non-probability sampling were used in selecting respondents. The target population for this study included 9 community secondary schools,9 heads of community secondary schools, 283 teachers and 1545 form four students in Longido District, Tanzania. Stratified and simple random sampling techniques were used to obtain 4 schools, 32 teachers and 160 form four students where by 4 heads of community secondary schools were directly included from the study which make total of 196 respondents. Questionnaires, interview guides and document analysis guide were used to collect data from respondents. Cronbach Alpha was used to obtain reliability of quantitative data (r=0.78 for teachers’ questionnaire and r=0.62 for students’ questionnaire) While member checking and triangulation were used to obtain reliability of qualitative data. Quantitative data was analyzed and presented by using frequencies, percentages, means and tables while qualitative data were analyzed into words and developing themes from the research questions and presented in summaries and direct quotations. The study found out that shortage of school physical facilities like classrooms, dormitories, libraries, laboratories, dining halls and teaching and learning materials like books, chalks, manilas, laboratory apparatus and others influence poor academic performance of students. The study concluded that insufficient or sometimes absent of school physical facilities, had negative influence on students academic performance of form four students in national examinations in Longido District. The study recommends that government and all stakeholders to work together and collaborate in order to construct and provide school physical facilities in order to solve the problem of poor academic performance of students in examinations.

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12

Fikar, Charles R. y Scott H. Nguyen. "Internet Resources for Podiatric Medical Students". Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 97, n.º 6 (1 de noviembre de 2007): 486–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.7547/0970486.

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In this article, we present a selection of Internet resources covering subject areas found in standard medical education curricula. Basic sciences and clinical resource sites are explored. We also review Web sites that offer useful materials that can be downloaded to handheld devices such as palmtop computers, smartphones, and portable media players. We judged the sites based on their potential to enhance the learning process, provide practice questions or study guides for examinations, or aid in the preparation of manuscripts. Medical students, residents, educators, and practitioners of podiatric medicine and surgery who require a quick reference source to either the basic science foundations of podiatric medicine or the clinical side of basic medicine, may find this paper useful. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 97(6): 486–492, 2007)

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13

Mir, Javaid Ahmad, Bushra Mushtaq y Onaisa Aalia Mushtaq. "A comprehensive case study on vitiligo: Navigating challenges and treatment strategies". IP Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dermatology 9, n.º 4 (15 de enero de 2024): 244–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijced.2023.047.

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This in-depth case study examines the complex terrain of vitiligo and the difficulties that thirty-year-old Mrs. A. must overcome. The storey is told via a thorough analysis of her clinical appearance, which includes the emergence of distinct, symmetrical white spots on several body regions. Given Mrs. A's medical history of general health and her elevated stress levels prior to the depigmentation, the diagnostic procedure is carefully broken down, including physical examinations, medical history evaluations, and pertinent laboratory testing. Examining the epidemiology of vitiligo, the study clarifies its worldwide frequency, age at start, genetic predispositions, autoimmune correlations, and subtle effects on people from various ethnic origins. This case study stands out for its examination of the discrepancy between traditional textbook representations and the dynamic, Mrs. A's emotional and psychological reactions to vitiligo require individualised care. A multidisciplinary approach guides the development of treatment strategies that include photo therapy, topical corticosteroids, and specialised psychological support. The storey ends with a discussion of the follow-up procedure, an assessment of the effectiveness of the treatment, emotional healing, and the continued difficulties of long-term care. This case study provides insightful information about the comprehensive care of vitiligo sufferers, highlighting the significance of customised, team-based approaches in addressing the complex aspects of this skin disease.

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14

Stukalova, A. A. "Library e-catalogs: The current state and modes". Scientific and Technical Libraries, n.º 4 (26 de abril de 2022): 105–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.33186/1027-3689-2022-4-105-125.

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Modern functionality of library e-catalogs and union catalogs is discussed. The e-catalogs are examined for the features of new generation. However, many features are lacking in e-catalogs. Almost all e-catalogs under examinations are comfortable for use and feature facet navigation, several search modes, instructions and search guides. On the other hand, not many e-catalogs cover the library collection completely, and have to be checked for spelling. Just few ecatalogs offer fonts for visually impaired people, recommendations orthe possibility to add information to bibliographic records. Definitely, e-catalog bibliographic records comprise additional information, i. e. book cover images, annotations, and less frequently – lists of contents. However, as a rule, this data is included into blbliographic records of modern publications. Many e-catalogs comprise full texts or links to full texts. The study findings evidence on the need to improve ecatalog functionality to offer users more powerful and attractive search tools.

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Stukalova, A. A. "Library e-catalogs: The current state and modes". Scientific and Technical Libraries, n.º 4 (26 de abril de 2022): 105–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.33186/1027-3689-2022-4-105-125.

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Modern functionality of library e-catalogs and union catalogs is discussed. The e-catalogs are examined for the features of new generation. However, many features are lacking in e-catalogs. Almost all e-catalogs under examinations are comfortable for use and feature facet navigation, several search modes, instructions and search guides. On the other hand, not many e-catalogs cover the library collection completely, and have to be checked for spelling. Just few ecatalogs offer fonts for visually impaired people, recommendations orthe possibility to add information to bibliographic records. Definitely, e-catalog bibliographic records comprise additional information, i. e. book cover images, annotations, and less frequently – lists of contents. However, as a rule, this data is included into blbliographic records of modern publications. Many e-catalogs comprise full texts or links to full texts. The study findings evidence on the need to improve ecatalog functionality to offer users more powerful and attractive search tools.

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Lee, Dong Joon, Faizan Ali, Besiki Stvilia, Yuanying Pang y Karthik Gonthina. "Toward the Conceptualization of Data Quality Assurance in Research Data Repositories". Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology 60, n.º 1 (octubre de 2023): 1019–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pra2.931.

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ABSTRACTData quality assurance (DQA) is critical to research data sharing and reuse. There has been a growing recognition of data transparency, reproducibility, credibility, and validity in research. Although the research data curation literature is large, it lacks data quality theory‐guided examinations of DQA practices in research data repositories. This poster paper reports on the preliminary findings of a larger study that examines DQA practices in research data repositories, including their use of DQA ontologies, standards, and metadata vocabularies. In particular, the paper examines two quality standards and an ontology for their conceptualization of DQA activities and their structure. The authors used the findings of the analysis and the data quality literature to synthesize an initial model of a DQA process in research data repositories that conceptualizes three DQA activities: evaluation, intervention, and communication. This paper can inform the development of ontologies and best practice guides for designing and evaluating DQA workflows in research data repositories.

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Mobegi, Florence O. y Augustine M. Kara. "Methods of Financing University Education and Their Implications on Access, Quality and Completion Rates: An Experience Shared from Undergraduate Education Students, Maasai Mara University, Kenya". European Journal of Education and Pedagogy 3, n.º 3 (24 de junio de 2022): 280–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejedu.2022.3.3.325.

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Demand for higher education in Kenya has increased despite insufficient funding from the Government. This led to the cost-sharing policy where both the Government, the students, and their households share the costs of higher education. Students are provided with loans through Higher Education Loans Board (HELB). Public universities are supported through capitation grants to meet development and recurrent expenditure. The household contributes towards tuition and upkeep of their students. At Maasai Mara University, it has been observed that at the end of every semester, some students defer their examinations due to fee balances implying that there are gaps in the existing methods of financing a university education. This study, therefore, investigated the effectiveness of the financing methods and their implications on students’ access, completion rates, and quality education based on students’ experiences at the University. The study used a descriptive survey design. The target population was 950 education students who were in their third and fourth years of study. Stratified random sampling was used to select 315 students to participate in the study. Data were collected through questionnaires and interview guides for the class representatives. Documents were also analyzed. The study found that the majority of the students depended on HELB and support from their households to finance their education. The amount of loans allocated to students was inadequate and multiple sources of funding are required to meet the full costs of education. Students from poor backgrounds resorted to menial jobs which affected class attendance and learning outcomes. Other students deferred their examinations affecting academic progression. The study concluded that the current methods of funding university education were not dependable as they negatively affected students’ access, academic progression, completion rates, and quality of learning outcomes. The study recommended the need for an alternative financial support system for students from poor families to complete their studies on schedule.

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18

John Kibona, Amos, Dr Catherine Muteti y Dr Victorini Salema. "EFFECTS OF SCHOOL LEARNING FACILITIES ON STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF FORM FOUR NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN UNGUJA, ZANZIBAR, TANZANIA". International Journal of Education Humanities and Social Science 06, n.º 05 (2023): 162–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.54922/ijehss.2023.0584.

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The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of school learning facilities on students’ academic performance of Form Four National Examinations in public secondary schools in Unguja, Zanzibar, Tanzania. The study employed a convergent research design under mixedmethod approach, which involved collecting and analyzing both quantitative and qualitative data simultaneously. The target population for the study was 3,558 individuals, and a sample size of 266 respondents was selected. The sample included six heads of schools, who were chosen using a total population sampling technique, 24 teachers were selected through stratified sampling technique, 218 students through stratified sampling technique, and 18 parents through convenience sampling technique. Data was collected using questionnaires, observation schedules, and interview guides. Quantitative data was analyzed descriptively, employing frequencies, percentages, and mean scores, which were presented in a table. On the other hand, qualitative data was analyzed through paraphrasing, quoting, and narration. The findings revealed that school learning facilities significantly affects students’ academic performance in public secondary schools. The researcher recommends that, the government should continue providing more learning facilities to public secondary schools, in order to make them readily available, parents should also be involved in providing school learning facilities to public secondary schools.

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Rosmaria, Rosmaria, Fitriani Fitriani, Lia Artika Sari, Dian Diniyati y Neti Herawati. "Effectiveness of a Modified Phantom-based Mannequin in Improving Vaginal Toucher Examination Skills of Midwifery Students". Journal of Holistic Nursing And Midwifery 34, n.º 1 (1 de diciembre de 2023): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/jhnm.34.1.2538.

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Introduction: The goal of clinical practice is to provide students with practical training experience and the ability to work as a team. Objective: This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of a phantom-based mannequin in improving midwifery students’ performance in vaginal toucher (VT) examinations Materials and Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test/post-test design. Participants were 70 final-year midwifery students in two groups of factory mannequin (n=35) and modified mannequin (n=35). The instrument used for assessing performance was a validated 10-item scale. Data analysis was done using paired t-test, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, and ANCOVA. Results: Participants had a mean age of 21.6±2.2 years in the modified mannequin group and 21.3±2.4 years in the factory mannequin group. There was no significant improvement in students’ performance after using the factory mannequin, but the modified mannequin improved their skills, since there was a significant difference in VT examination performance before and after using the modified mannequin (mean difference=3.97, P=0.001). The ANCOVA results showed a significant difference in the mean post-test scores between the factory and modified mannequin groups (mean difference=1.59,η2=0.299, P<0.05). Conclusion: The modified mannequin is more effective than the common factory mannequins in improving the VT examination performance of midwifery students. For this reason, these devices are highly recommended for practical learning of VT examinations.

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Mzinga, Waziri y Daniel Oduor Onyango. "The Role of Instructional Materials in Learning Geography among Secondary Schools in Busega District, Tanzania". EAST AFRICAN JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 2, Issue 3 (30 de septiembre de 2021): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.46606/eajess2021v02i03.0100.

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The purpose of the study was to establish the role of Instructional Materials in the Learning of Geography Subject in Secondary Schools of Busega District. The study adopted the mixed research approach under which convergent parallel design was used. The study involved 23 secondary schools in Busega District whereby four secondary schools were purposively sampled to participate in the study because the schools had exhibited a severe declining performance trend in Geography at the National examinations for last five years. The study used purposive, stratified and simple random sampling techniques to select 1 DEO, 4 Heads of Schools, 4 Heads of Geography Department, 8 Geography Teachers and 80 students to participate in the study. Questionnaires and interview guides were used for data collection. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics with the help of the SPSS software while the qualitative data was analyzed thematically. The study concluded that the use of learning materials in geography contributed to enhanced creativity and innovativeness in learners. Learning materials further assisted learners to comprehend difficult topics in Geography. It also made learning very interesting and this motivated learners to fully participate in the learning process. The study recommended that the use of instructional material should be emphasized in public secondary schools as they played a key role in enhancing productive learning of geography.

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Nuwagaba, James, Adrian Rwekaza Mwesigye y Emmanuel Karoro. "Entry Academic Scores as a Predictor of Terminal Academic Achievement among Students in Primary Teachers’ Colleges in South-Western Uganda". East African Journal of Education Studies 5, n.º 3 (10 de octubre de 2022): 123–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/eajes.5.3.875.

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The purpose of the research was to establish the influence of entry scores on students’ performance in final examinations in primary teachers’ colleges in South Western Uganda. The research anchored on postpositivist philosophy adopted a cohort longitudinal survey research design incorporating correlational techniques. The research employed quantitative methods of data collection in nine government-aided PTCs in South Western Uganda. The sample size was 214 students obtained using simple random sampling from 1192 students in the nine primary teachers’ colleges. Data were collected using closed-ended questionnaires and document analysis guides, and it was analysed using SPSS version 20. Research findings revealed that there was no statistically significant relationship between entry scores and academic performance (r = - .012, p = .864) of students in primary teachers’ colleges in South Western Uganda. From the findings, it was concluded that failure in academics in PTCs can be minimised by strengthening the training (teaching and learning), not increasing entry cores. The study recommended that the policy on entry into PTCs should be revised to include other factors like the candidate’s interest, attitude, talents etc. and lessen the emphasis on the scores one obtained at the previous academic level

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Joseph Umuerhi, Friday y Lucky Oghenetega Urhiewhu. "Jumping the Gun: Relevance of Past Questions Paper". Library Progress (International) 43, n.º 1 (21 de junio de 2023): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.48165/bpas.2023.43.1.5.

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This study examined the use of past examination question papers (PEQPs) among students and their overall recall rate during examinations. It employed the descriptive survey research design and used all the 255 undergraduate students who visit the library in Private Universities such as Novena University Library Ogume, Western Delta University, Oghara, Michael and Cecilia Ibru University, Library, Agbrha -Otor James Hope University, Edwin Clak University Library, Kaigbodo; Sports University , Library Idumuje, Ugboko, Margaret Lawrence University, Umunede Library, and Admirality University of Nigeria, Library Ibusa Ugwashi-Uku for PEQPs. Data for the study were collected in two phases over a period of two academic semesters with the first phase focusing on respondents’ collection of PEQPs, and the second phase requiring them to complete a questionnaire designed to elicit information on why they use PEQPs, what they gain and the overall outcome of their reliance on same. The study found that fresher rely more on (PEQPs), and most students use PEQPs as study guides as against pretesting themselves before an examination, the respondents do not see reliance on PEQPs as a major factor leading to improved academic performance of undergraduate students and this affects their perception of the effect PEQPs on their overall academic outcome. The study therefore concludes that as important as PEQPs usage seems to be, improper usage of same could be detrimental to the undergraduate users.

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Essop, M. Faadiel y Leandrie Beselaar. "Student response to a cooperative learning element within a large physiology class setting: lessons learned". Advances in Physiology Education 44, n.º 3 (1 de septiembre de 2020): 269–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/advan.00165.2019.

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Physiology students grapple with large amounts of subject content and hence memorize facts to pass examinations. In parallel, students display limited critical-thinking and creative skills, integration abilities, and/or a deeper engagement with subject content. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of introducing active learning methods (cooperative learning) in a relatively large class to final-year undergraduate physiology students (Bachelor of Science stream) at Stellenbosch University in South Africa. An assignment designed to enhance active and engaged learning was made available to the students ( n = 225) during the second week of a 5-wk cardiovascular physiology series of lectures. Students were instructed to freely form working groups ( n = 3/group) and the assignment was due by the end of the module. Student groups were expected and encouraged to continuously work on the assignment (outside class time). Three cooperative learning slots were also created during class time, with the lecturer and postgraduate students acting as guides. After the module, students anonymously completed an electronic questionnaire. This study revealed three major findings in terms of implementing cooperative learning in large classes within a South African context, i.e., 1) relatively good reception by students with some indication of group work; 2) it is logistically feasible in relatively large classes, although adequate support is crucial; and 3) additional measures need to be adopted to ensure its success.

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Ma, Hongyang, Yuqian Kou, Hongcheng Hu, Yuwei Wu y Zhihui Tang. "An Investigative Study on the Oral Health Condition of Individuals Undergoing 3D-Printed Customized Dental Implantation". Journal of Functional Biomaterials 15, n.º 6 (5 de junio de 2024): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfb15060156.

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Background: The advent of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has revolutionized the field of dentistry, enabling the precise fabrication of dental implants. By utilizing 3D printing, dentists can devise implant plans prior to surgery and accurately translate them into clinical procedures, thereby eliminating the need for multiple surgical procedures, reducing surgical discomfort, and enhancing surgical efficiency. Furthermore, the utilization of digital 3D-printed implant guides facilitates immediate restoration by precisely translating preoperative implant design plans, enabling the preparation of temporary restorations preoperatively. Methods: This comprehensive study aimed to assess the postoperative oral health status of patients receiving personalized 3D-printed implants and investigate the advantages and disadvantages between the 3D-printed implant and conventional protocol. Additionally, variance analysis was employed to delve into the correlation between periodontal status and overall oral health. Comparisons of continuous paired parameters were made by t-test. Results: The results of our study indicate a commendable one-year survival rate of over 94% for 3D-printed implants. This finding was corroborated by periodontal examinations and follow-up surveys using the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire, revealing excellent postoperative oral health status among patients. Notably, OHIP-14 scores were significantly higher in patients with suboptimal periodontal health, suggesting a strong link between periodontal health and overall oral well-being. Moreover, we found that the operating time (14.41 ± 4.64 min) was less statistically significant than for the control group (31.76 ± 6.83 min). Conclusion: In conclusion, personalized 3D-printed implant surgery has emerged as a reliable clinical option, offering a viable alternative to traditional implant methods. However, it is imperative to gather further evidence-based medical support through extended follow-up studies to validate its long-term efficacy and safety.

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Dembélé, Mamadou, Alassane Kouma, Mamadou N'diaye, Zoumana Cheick Berete, Souleymane Sanogo, Ousmane Traoré, Issa Cissé et al. "Radio-Clinical and Surgical Confrontation of Abdominal and Pelvic Emergencies: About 55 Cases at the Fertilia Medical Clinic in Bamako". Scholars Journal of Medical Case Reports 11, n.º 09 (9 de septiembre de 2023): 1625–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sjmcr.2023.v11i09.014.

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Background: This study was initiated to compare the diagnostic hypotheses of doctors in the emergency department, ultrasound results and operative reports of patients seen for acute abdominal and/or pelvic pain. Patients and method: This is a prospective descriptive study of 12 months from January to December 2022, involving 55 consenting patients, hospitalized at the Fertilia medical clinic in Bamako and having benefited from at least one imaging examination to abdominal and pelvic emergency. Ultrasounds were performed using General Electric Voluson E8, Logic9 and Vivid3 devices. The x-rays were taken by an Italian Mecall machine. Result: Our study involved a sample of 55 consenting patients with acute abdominal and/or pelvic pain. The average age was 25.5 years. The male sex was the most represented with a sex ratio of 1.5. The most common etiology mentioned was appendicitis, i.e. 38%. The diagnostic hypotheses formulated by the host doctors were confirmed by imaging in 87.2% of cases and those of imaging confirmed by surgery in 60% of cases. Conclusion: Abdominal emergencies are frequent in consultations and mainly affect young people. The approach to the management of emergency patients requires a well-performed clinical examination which guides the choice of the imaging examination which remains most often necessary not only to make the diagnosis but also to guide the therapeutic actions. Imaging helps to correct the clinical suspicion. Despite these good results, progress remains to be made, especially in terms of the prescription of radiological examinations, in this case that concerning information.

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Wambugu, Dorcas Wanjiru y Christine Mwendo Matasio Munala. "Teachers’ views Towards Academic Assessment for Learners with Autism". Msingi Journal 1, n.º 2 (1 de agosto de 2018): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.33886/mj.v1i2.53.

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Research has demonstrated that academic assessment is crucial for all, although there is limited information on academic assessment for learners with autism. The purpose of this study was to establish the views of teachers towards academic assessment for learners with autism at City Primary School in Nairobi County. The study adopted a qualitative paradigm with a case study approach where social constructivists’ epistemology was applied. Respondents were twenty, comprising of; one head teacher, one deputy head teacher, six teachers for special needs education and twelve teachers from the regular program but teaching in the inclusive class rooms. Non-probability sampling technique specifically using; unique case, snowball and convenient sampling techniques were used to select participants in the study. Data were collected through interview guides and focus group discussion guide. The data collected were transcribed and analysed qualitatively through open, axial and selective coding. Data were also categorized in relation to research questions of the study. The analysis involved developing a coding system based on samples of collected data and classifying major issues or themes that emerged. All the coded information was put together for summarization of the report. From the findings, two types of academic assessments were identified namely; authentic and standardized academic assessments. The findings also showed that teachers faced challenges when assessing learners with autism. Some of these challenges included; large amount of content in examinations, lack of policy guidelines for examining learners with autism and high parental expectation. The solutions to these challenges were that, teachers, government and parents had a role to play to enhance assessment of learners with autism.

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Oyoo, Peter Okoth. "Exploring Students’ Proficiency in Mathematical Symbolization". International Journal of Advanced Research 5, n.º 1 (5 de agosto de 2022): 117–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/ijar.5.1.774.

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This study examined the students’ proficiency in using mathematical symbols. The need to carry out the study was prompted by the Kenya National Examinations Council (KNEC) report that revealed dismal performance in mathematics. Therefore, the study objectives explored how symbols affect learning of mathematics, students’ perception of the role of symbols in mathematics learning and students’ use of mathematical symbols. The basis of the study relied on a conceptual framework of epistemological approach to notations and supportive and problematic conceptions as a lens that helped in dissecting the kind of symbol sense that exist amongst students. The study targeted mathematics teachers and form four students and was therefore conducted in a public secondary school in Rarieda Sub-County, Siaya County, Kenya. A qualitative approach with a case study research design was employed with sampling techniques such as convenience, purposive, and stratified sampling used to locate the research site and recruit participants. Data collection instruments included interview guides and document analysis protocol. Thematic analysis was used. The findings of the study showed that symbols influenced the learning of mathematics in terms of prior knowledge and symbol meanings at hand, thereby posing challenges in the learning of mathematics. Also, the findings revealed that students had a perception of the role of mathematical symbols in giving easy time in understanding concepts due to their precise and succinct nature, conserved time and assisted in the solution of mathematics problems and that use of symbols is profound in the linkage of concepts across topics, multiple representations and problem-solving. It may be recommended that prominence ought to be put on various ways of symbol representation to enable comprehension of symbols and meanings; better instructional techniques ought to be used to reduce the symbol cognitive load on students.

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Van Gulck, Valérie, Matthias Coene y Liesbeth Gilissen. "P-553 PERIODIC CONSULTATIONS PERFORMED BY OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH NURSES IN BELGIUM". Occupational Medicine 74, Supplement_1 (1 de julio de 2024): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae023.1338.

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Abstract Introduction Belgian occupational health services (OSH), such as IDEWE, support employers to comply with the legally required medical health surveillance of their workers. During these periodic consultations, the occupational health physician (OHP) verifies that the worker is medically fit to perform his job and the occupational health nurses (OHN) assists the OHP by performing the technical examinations. Since 2014, part of the periodic consultations at IDEWE,i.e, generally one in two, are performed only by OHN according to a specific script and with the agreement of the employer. In this study we aim to evaluate the involvement of OHN in the consultations over the years. Methods Retrospective analysis of the consultations performed at IDEWE since 2014. Results and Discussion Over the years, a clear increase in the number of consultations performed by OHN was seen, ranging from 158 in 2014 to 104.308 in 2022. In the first years, an OHP’s supervision was requested by an OHN,this for 44% of these periodic consultations, but in recent years this stagnated to only 15%. The most important reasons for asking supervision were work-related health problems based on the anamnesis, the criteria for supervision included in the script, or at the request of the worker himself. Conclusion The involvement of OHN in periodic consultations increases over the years, while the support they need from OHP decreases. This highlights the evolution of the OHN’s role in mandatory periodic health surveillance into a full-fledged discipline in first-line prevention that guides workers to the appropriate expert for work-related health problems.

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Mbawala, Faustina Aron, Peter Siamoo y Evans Ogoti Okendo. "Extensiveness of Teachers Motivation Strategies in Enhancing Form Four Students’ Academic Performance in Public Secondary Schools in Namtumbo District – Tanzania". international journal of Education, Learning and Development 10, n.º 11 (15 de noviembre de 2022): 53–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.37745/ijeld.2013/vol10n115372.

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The purpose of this study was to examine the extent of teachers’ motivation strategy in enhancing form four students’ academic performance in public secondary schools in Namtumbo district – Tanzania. The study was guided by the theory of Transformation Supervision Theory developed by Bass, (1985). Question which guides the study is to what extent does teachers’ motivation strategies enhance students’ academic performance in public secondary schools in Namtumbo District? The study used convergent design under a mixed method approaches (Quantitative and Qualitative approaches). Target population of the study were 948, probability and non-probability sampling were used to get sample size of 135 respondents. The instruments for data collection were questionnaires for teachers, students, and academic masters/mistresses and interview-guide for heads of schools and WEOs. The validity of the instruments determined through content validity by expert in education from Mwenge Catholic University and face validity were viewed by a researcher. The reliability of the instruments was determined by using Cronbach Alpha which measures the consistency of the items and the results were r= 0.775 for students, r=0.757for teachers and r=0.943 for academic masters/mistresses. Qualitative data was established through triangulation. The quantitative data was analysed into frequencies, percentages, tables, and mean scores by using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 22. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Hypothesis tested by using Pearson correlation at significance level of 0.05. The study found that teachers’ were not much motivated by heads of schools due to lack of trainings, in-service training, workshops and seminars shortage of teaching and learning materials, shortage of facilities like laboratories and libraries. Study concluded that due to lack of implementation of motivation strategies teachers’ reduced the morale of teaching and learning process in enhancing students’ academic performance. The study recommended that, heads of schools find means of motivating teachers for the purpose of improving the performances in National examinations. The government should provide training to teachers, teaching and learning resources and facilities in schools.

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Beck Varela, Laura. "‘Memoria de los libros que son necesarios para pasar’ Lecturas del jurista en el siglo XVI ibérico = ‘Memoria de los libros que son necesarios para pasar’ Sixteenth-Century Jurists Readings in the Iberian Peninsula". CIAN-Revista de Historia de las Universidades 21, n.º 2 (30 de noviembre de 2018): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.20318/cian.2018.4476.

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Resumen: Los Modos de pasar en Derechos consistían en una especie de guías de lectura, con consejos detallados sobre la disciplina, los libros, las autoridades, las materias, el orden y el tiempo que deberían emplearse en la preparación de la licentia docendi en Leyes y Cánones. De origen salmantino y proyección ibérica, constituyen una fuente de gran interés para la historia de la educación de los juristas en los siglos modernos. Funcionaron, además, como vehículos de legitimación de una determinada imagen pública de excelencia y distinción de la élite académica de catedráticos, licenciados y doctores, en un contexto de conflictos y transformaciones institucionales. Tomando como ejemplo el Modo de pasar del catedrático de la Facultad de Leyes Diego Enríquez, que contenía una sugerente Memoria de los libros que son necesarios para pasar, en estas páginas se esboza una propuesta de identificación de estas pequeñas guías de estudio como un corpus específico en el conjunto de la literatura jurídico-pedagógica del Antiguo régimen. En el apéndice se incluye la transcripción del Modo de pasar del doctor Diego Enrríquez (1587) que alberga la Biblioteca Histórica Marqués de Valdecilla, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (Mss. 206, fols. 259v-262r).Palabras clave: Enseñanza del derecho (edad moderna), Literatura jurídico-pedagógica, Historia Cultural de las Universidades, Universidad de Salamanca, Ius commune, Historia de los saberes jurídicos.Abstract: The Modos de pasar en Derechos (ways of ‘passing’ laws) consisted of a type of study guide, which contained moral prescriptions and practical advice about the books, the authorities, the subjects, the order, and the time required to prepare for academic examinations. These study guides were especially designed to instruct candidates in obtaining the licentiate degree in Salamanca, the so-called licentia docendi in both civil and canon law. They also offer a rich source for the history of legal education in the early modern Iberian Peninsula. Moreover, the Modos de pasar functioned as tools for the selfrepresentation to the public of an image of academic excellence and distinction, which was of immense importance for the process of elite formation. The social group formed by tenured professors (catedráticos), licentiates, and doctors in law struggled to enhance their privileges in a period of conflict and institutional change in the old University of Salamanca. In this article, I propose to analyze these study guides as a specific legal-pedagogical genre within the broader spectrum of early modern juridical literature. The features of this corpus of texts can be clearly displayed in the Modo de pasar del doctor Diego Enrríquez (1587), one of the most remarkable examples of this genre, since it includes a comprehensive list of suggested readings for law students (Memoria de los libros que son necesarios para pasar). An edition of this manuscript (Modo de pasar del doctor Diego Enrríquez, 1587, Biblioteca Histórica Marqués de Valdecilla, Universidad Complutense de Madrid: Mss. 206, fols. 259v-262r) is added as an appendix.Keywords: Early Modern Legal Education, Pedagogical Literature (Law), Cultural History of Universities, University of Salamanca, Ius commune, History of legal knowledge.

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Kiefer, Lena Sophie, Julia Sekler, Brigitte Gückel, Mareen Sarah Kraus, Christian la Fougère, Konstantin Nikolaou, Michael Bitzer, Sergios Gatidis y Christina Pfannenberg. "Impact of 18F-FDG-PET/CT on Clinical Management in Patients with Cholangiocellular Carcinoma". BJR|Open 3, n.º 1 (enero de 2021): 20210008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/bjro.20210008.

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Objective: To determine the impact of 18F-FDG-PET/CT on clinical management of patients with cholangiocellular carcinoma (CCA). Methods: Patients with CCA undergoing clinically indicated 18F-FDG-PET/CT between 04/2013 and 08/2018 were prospectively included in a local PET/CT registry study. Intended clinical management (“non-treatment” such as watchful-waiting or additional diagnostic tests, and “palliative” or “curative treatment”) was recorded before and after PET/CT. Changes in intended management after PET/CT were analyzed. Results: 27 patients (mean age: 60 years, IQR: 51.5–67.5 years, 56% males) with 43 PET/CT examinations were included. Intended management changed in 35/43 cases (81.4%) following PET/CT. Major changes (i.e., between “non-treatment” and “treatment” strategies or between a “curative” and “palliative” treatment goal) occurred in 27/43 (62.8%) cases. Before PET/CT, additional imaging and/or biopsy were intended in 21/43 (48.8%) and 9/43 (20.9%) cases, respectively. After PET/CT, further imaging was carried out in one case and imaging-targeted biopsy in eight cases. Although the absolute number of biopsies after PET/CT did not decrease, in only one of these eight cases biopsy had already been planned before PET/CT, whereas in the other eight cases, the originally planned biopsies were dispensable after PET/CT. Conclusions: 18F-FDG-PET/CT significantly impacts clinical management of patients with CCA. It guides decisions on treatment strategy (especially curative vs palliative treatment goal) and on additional tests, particularly by helping referring clinicians to avoid unnecessary imaging and by guiding targeted biopsy. Advances in knowledge: Systematic implementation of 18F-FDG-PET/CT may enable a more appropriate and tailored treatment of patients with CCA, especially in cases of suspected recurrence.

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Ren, Shaoyang, Yinan Li, Zhen Peng, Mingqiang Yin y Xiao Liu. "Developing an Urban Environment Examination System by Incorporating Construction, Economic, Environmental, Cultural and Development Dimensions". Sustainability 16, n.º 7 (7 de abril de 2024): 3065. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16073065.

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The sustainable development goals (SDGs) suggest sustainable cities and communities (Goal 11) as inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable human settlements. However, existing efforts in urban sustainability have mainly focused on ecological and environmental sustainability, with little attention paid to development, economic, and cultural sustainability. Moreover, a lack of adaptability is a barrier to cross-nation or cross-region implementation of many urban sustainability frameworks due to diverse urban contexts. Furthermore, most studies have developed sustainability frameworks and guides only for one-time assessments and the progress of urban sustainability has been neglected. Improving urban sustainability by considering multiple dimensions and local adaptability through dynamic assessment remains a question. Therefore, this study aims to develop an urban environment examination system (UEES) framework that includes construction, economy and industry, environment and resource, municipal and cultural facilities, and development potential dimensions. The UEES framework consists of 31 indicators associated with critical information (i.e., reported by the statistical yearbooks) from different levels of government in China. An annual update of statistical data ensures the availability of dynamic data, allowing urban managers and decision makers to regularly track urban sustainability. Furthermore, the UEES framework was applied to Qingdao, an urbanizing city in China, to examine the feasibility of the UEES framework. The results indicate that well-urbanized districts could perform better in terms of overall sustainability (e.g., Shinan, Shibei, Laoshan, Chengyang), while districts in suburban and outer suburban areas had lower urban sustainability levels. However, well-urbanized districts could not perform better in all dimensions than suburban and outer suburban districts. Moreover, the transition from less-urbanized to well-urbanized districts could lead to environmental deterioration and economy deceleration (if industries are not well upgraded), but culture and development sustainability can be improved. Overall, this study provides a methodological framework that prioritizes comprehensiveness and local adaptability to perform regular urban environment examinations for urban sustainability in China and provides a reference for urban sustainability improvement by identifying aspects with low scores in Qingdao, China.

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Sayed, Ruslan. "INNOVATION IN PROJECT MANAGEMENT: LESSONS LEARNED FROM SUCCESSFUL BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVES IN VARIOUS INDUSTRIES". Innovative economics and management 10, n.º 3 (29 de noviembre de 2023): 134–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.46361/2449-2604.10.3.2023.134-151.

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Ruslan Sayed E-mail: ruslan.Sayed@gmail.com Sc in Management GfK Company Riyadh Saudi Arabia https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3854-394X Abstract: In the ever-evolving landscape of project management, the imperative to innovate stands as a cornerstone for organizations seeking sustained success and competitive advantage. This research presents a comprehensive exploration into the intricacies of innovation within project management frameworks, focusing on deriving lessons from successful business development initiatives spanning diverse industries and regions. By unraveling the multifaceted dynamics that underpin these successes, the study transcends traditional project management paradigms. The research objectives encompass a nuanced analysis of sector-specific innovation drivers, the impact of cross-functional collaboration, the efficacy of risk management strategies, quantification of financial outcomes and temporal efficiency, and a deep understanding of stakeholder satisfaction. Through a meticulous examination of initiatives in technology, healthcare, finance, and manufacturing across North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and South America, the study provides actionable insights for organizations navigating the unique challenges of their respective industries. Practically, this research offers organizations a roadmap for tailoring project management strategies to industry-specific demands. It emphasizes cross-functional collaboration as a transformative catalyst for innovation and advocates for adaptive risk management strategies in dynamic project environments. Quantifiable benchmarks for financial success and temporal efficiency, coupled with an exploration of qualitative dimensions in stakeholder satisfaction, provide a holistic framework for project evaluation and optimization. Theoretical contributions include challenging existing frameworks with sector-specific analyses, enriching the understanding of collaboration dynamics, advocating for adaptive risk management, and contributing to the discourse on the symbiotic relationship between financial success and project timelines. Future research possibilities include longitudinal studies, in-depth examinations of collaborative tools, and investigations into industry-specific innovation ecosystems. This research not only illuminates the current state of project management excellence but also guides future strategies and contributes substantively to the ongoing discourse on organizational innovation

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Aneja, Sanjay, Donald R. Lannin, Brigid K. Killelea, Nina Ruth Horowitz y Anees B. Chagpar. "Predictors of residual disease after breast-conserving surgery." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, n.º 27_suppl (20 de septiembre de 2012): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.27_suppl.168.

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168 Background: Locoregional failure after breast conserving surgery (BCS) is often due to undetected residual disease, and the risk of such residual disease frequently guides management. We sought to determine clinical and pathologic factors correlating with the finding of residual invasive cancer and/or DCIS in patients undergoing BCS. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study for all invasive and in situ breast cancer treated with BCS at a single institution in 2009. The main outcome variable of interest was residual disease determined by pathologic examinations of cavity shave margins or reexcision. Chart review and statistical analyses were performed to evaluate clinical and pathological factors correlating with residual DCIS or invasive cancer. Results: 256 in situ or invasive breast cancers were treated with BCS in 2009. Of these, 207 (80.9%) underwent additional resection either for close margins or as routine practice. These formed the cohort of interest for this study. 39 patients (18.8%) had residual DCIS and 22 (10.6%) had residual invasive disease. Age, race, histology, ER, PR, her-2-neu and margin distance for invasive disease did not predict the finding of residual DCIS nor invasive cancer. Lymphovascular invasion, while not predicting residual DCIS, was correlated with the finding of residual invasive disease (28.0% vs. 7.9%, p=0.007). Margin distance for DCIS was not predictive of residual invasive cancer but was predictive of residual DCIS. 33.8% of lesions with DCIS margins <1mm were associated with residual DCIS, while 3.4% of those with DCIS margins >5mm were associated with residual in situ disease (p=0.002). Increasing tumor size for invasive and in situ disease were associated with residual DCIS (median 19.5 vs. 13.0 mm, p=0.001 and 22.5 vs. 15.0 mm, p<0.001, respectively); however, neither size component was associated with residual invasive disease. Conclusions: While margin distance and tumor size are associated with residual DCIS in patients undergoing BCS, these are not correlated with residual invasive disease. Conversely, the finding of lymphovascular invasion predicts residual invasive cancer, but not DCIS. These factors may aid in risk stratification of patients and guide postoperative management.

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Shevchenko, O. A., T. A. Holovkova, N. M. Onul, Yu S. Kramaryova, O. P. Shtepa y S. A. Shchudro. "Preventive Medicine as a Component of Objective Structured Clinical Examination". Ukraïnsʹkij žurnal medicini, bìologìï ta sportu 8, n.º 1 (27 de febrero de 2023): 258–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.26693/jmbs08.01.258.

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The purpose of the study was to develop an optimal model of simulation and practical examination stations “hygiene and ecology” as components of objective structured clinical examination for the actualization of the formation of a preventive way of thinking among students of higher medical training. The paper analyzes the Passports of the simulation and practical stations of the objective structured clinical examination, their methodological and logistical support, which will allow to fully perform all the tasks and methods provided by the algorithms for mastering special professional competencies. The simulation station reproduces a number of real-life situations in specific tasks (25 options in total), the solution of which allows to assess the student's mastery of the professional competencies provided by the higher education standard, in particular: determining the risks to public health from the consumption of poor-quality drinking water, determining the nutritional status of the patient and the appropriateness of the prescription of therapeutic nutrition for the prevention of “diseases of civilization”, determining the requirements for compliance with sanitary and epidemiological requirements in health care facilities. The practical station is equipped with modern analytical instruments which allows the student to demonstrate their practical skills, in particular: bacterial air testing with evaluation of the results, research and evaluation of indoor microclimate parameters, research and evaluation of light environment parameters, measurement and evaluation of ionizing radiation, professional hand hygiene in health care facilities. To ensure high-quality training of students to perform the tasks of a practical station additional educational video guides were created, which are posted for general access on the department's page on the website of the University. Conclusion. Ukraine has now formed its own complex set of social, technogenic and environmental problems, which necessitates the development of appropriate skills and abilities in preventive medicine in future general practitioners. Objective structured clinical examination is a modern type of assessment of students' practical knowledge and skills, designed to test their acquisition of clinical skills and competencies that cannot be assessed by traditional forms of examinations. For the practical implementation of the preventive part of objective structured clinical examination in institutions of higher medical education, it should be taken into account that the traditional methods of protection and prevention, which have been developed by mankind over the centuries for the prevention of mass infectious, environmentally dependent, occupational and lifestyle diseases, in modern conditions are insufficient and/or ineffective

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Jutzeler, David. "Doubts about the validity of the species name Hipparchia hermione (Linnaeus, 1764), it being associated with the two species Hipparchia alcyone ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) and Hipparchia genava (Fruhstorfer, 1908) following the designation of a lectotype by Kudrna (1977) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Satyrinae) - First part -". Entomologica Romanica 25 (31 de diciembre de 2021): 15–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/entomolrom.25.3.

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In 1977, Otakar Kudrna (*1939-†2021, obituary see Balletto and Leigheb, 2021) published his “Revision of the Genus Hipparchia”, where he classified all the known species and forms of this genus according to characters of wings, androconia, male genital armatures and further subjective criteria. Until today, Kudrna’s study is considered as the guideline of systematics of the genus Hipparchia. He selected there a lectotype specimen of a Rock Grayling male in the Linnaean collection. “Hipparchia hermione Linnaeus, 1764” is therefore, at the moment, the technically correct name to identify the species. The “International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature” (ICZN) has nothing to add at this point; it only comments on cases submitted to it in the Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature. Within the meaning of the present study and in accordance with Verity (1913), this damaged specimen without abdomen represents the same species as Ignaz Schiffermüller – allegedly the only author of the Vienna directory (see Kudrna and B., 2005, p. 5) – has described under H. alcyone from the Vienna region by referring to a coloured copper engraving published by Rösel von Rosenhof (1755). Kudrna’s “Revision” became the starting point of an extended scientific research activity during my free time containing, as a matter of priority, the examination of problem cases of systematics by checking the preimaginal characters of many rearing series from different sites. It turned out that a number of classifications proposed by Kudrna (1977) had to be reassessed as soon as characters of the pre-imaginal stages were available. The most complex case I have verified concerned the third European Grayling species which Leraut (1990) introduced under the name of Hipparchia genava (Fruhstorfer, 1908). Kudrna (1977) failed to separate this species from H. alcyone (D. & S., 1775). Throughout his life, he never agreed with Leraut’s opinion. In recent years, Kudrna had hoped that genetic examinations would make redundant every rearing attempt by amateur lepidopterists and furnish the proof that his opinion was the correct one. Since he never undertook any rearing experiments, his systematics were based only on prepared imagines being housed in museum collections. He saw himself as a person with the competency to decide within a few minutes upon complex questions of taxonomy and ignored completely the assessments of others. For verifying the effective rank of H. genava, I had to examine also the two most closely related species: Hipparchia fagi and H. alcyone by rearing them all ex ovo with material from several widely spaced sites. Already on finalising my rearing work of this group, it became apparent that Leraut (1990) had been on the absolutely right path by accepting a third Grayling species, within this group. For the first time, I published the results of my rearing attempts between 2002 and 2006 in several articles in the quarterly bulletin Linneana Belgica and I readily provided information on this case to interested colleagues. Over time only, I realized that the Rock Grayling I knew from the volume on butterflies (Diurna) by Forster and Wohlfahrt (1955) as from the guides by Higgins and Riley (1970-84) under the name of H. alcyone had become H. hermione, because of the lectotype designation by Kudrna (1977). A stony path was in front of me to substantiate the factual correctness of the view taken by Leraut (1990). Complex clarifications by Peter Russell furnished well-founded arguments on the complex scientific issue why the use of the name “hermione Linnaeus, 1764” should be rejected for the Rock Grayling previously known as H. alcyone.

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Aga, Safina Mohammed, Severina Mwirichia Mwirichia y Sabina Murithi Murithi. "Investigating the Influence of Social Support Factors on Retention of Boys in Public Secondary Schools in Marsabit County". Journal of Education and Practice 6, n.º 4 (4 de septiembre de 2022): 30–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/jep.1023.

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Purpose: To investigate the influence of social support factors on retention of boys in public secondary schools in Marsabit county. Methodology: The research design used was mixed methodology because there was an application of both quantitative and qualitative methods when collecting data. The study was located in Marsabit County. The target population was 8 secondary schools in Marsabit County that had boys’ students in them. That is both boys’ secondary schools and mixed secondary schools. The respondents were 56 class teachers, 4,559 boys’ students and 48 parents present at Board of Management. Class teachers and parents were selected using simple random sampling method with an application of Krejcie & Morgan table or formular to obtain 48 and 42 class teachers and parents respectively. The sample technique that was used on students was determined using a Kothari statistical method to obtain a sample of 94. Questionnaires and interview guides were answered by students, teachers and parents respectively. The pre-test study was conducted in two public secondary school in Isiolo which were Isiolo boys’ secondary school and Garbatula mixed day secondary school whose respondents comprised of 5 class teachers, 10 students and 4 parents at BOM. Reliability and validity were also measured. The conclusion made was that a lot of boys failed to remain in school since they lacked motivation from the people surrounding them. That is, most of the boys’ peers, teachers and parents did not adequately portray clear need on why they should remain in school. The results were presented using tables and explanation. Results: As per the questionnaire, 46(60%) strongly agreed and 17(22%) agreed that parents were so supportive to their completion of secondary school education (Median-5). Additionally, 23(29%) strongly agreed and 39(51%) agreed that the community has always wished students well in academic endeavors and are always present when needed (Median-4). Nevertheless, 53(69%) strongly disagreed and 14(18%) disagreed that the school had provided conducive classes and meals among other resources to the students (Median-2). Additionally, 39(51%) strongly disagreed and 33(42%) agreed that the government had provided reliable and qualified teachers who were committed to see students succeed in secondary education (Median-2). The study interviewed teachers and parents of public secondary schools of Marsabit County. The type of support accorded to the boys to remain in school included moral support to shape their manners, financial support to provide schools fees; religious support to check their status with God; and counseling support to offer advice and listening ear to the issues boys underwent through. The ways through which social support was administered included assignments to do at home hence keeping them busy while the parents indicated that they offered them tasks such as cleaning houses, utensils, taking care of the cattle, assisting them in running the businesses and sending them to library to keep them busy. Further, the motivating factors that were put in school which attract students to remain in school included different meals; flexible curriculum hence a choice to choose favorable 8 subjects; school uniform and books; library; entertainment days; school clubs; and cocurricular activities such as drama, soccer, rugby, basketball, tennis and badminton. Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: Most secondary school management were struggling in ensuring that students have decent learning classes and eat frequently in school. That notwithstanding, the students did not have teachers who would be committed in ensuring that they instill discipline and ensure that the boys are interest in education matters and school activities in general. The recommendations made on social support is that secondary school principals should liaise with the ministry of education for requests to have as many teachers as possible. This is because, when teachers are present, students will benefit a lot since they would be taught and be more confident towards excelling in the examinations. Additionally, the government should increase budgetary allocation to the ministry of education to be able to fund education in the marginalized regions adequately. The fund would be used to build classes and provide at least a meal per day. The ministry of education officials in Marsabit, should incorporate the idea of building classes using affordable means such as precast panels and fabricated panels. This method would cut cost to manageable limits based on the allocated and available funds.

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White, Michelle K., Martha Bayliss, Muriel Finkel, Isabelle Lousada y Spencer Guthrie. "Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with AL Amyloidosis: Qualitative Interviews with Physicians and Patients". Blood 126, n.º 23 (3 de diciembre de 2015): 4525. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.4525.4525.

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Abstract Introduction and Objective: AL amyloidosis (AL) is a rare, complex, and progressive disease in which an abnormal protein, amyloid, misfolds and deposits in organs. AL can affect one or many organs, such as the heart, kidneys, liver, nervous system, and digestive tract, leading to organ dysfunction and death. AL symptoms and treatments are known to impact health-related quality of life (HRQoL), but little research has been conducted to establish which HRQoL concepts are relevant for AL patients before and during treatment. The objective of this study was to identify the most important HRQoL concepts to measure in clinical trials of AL patients through in-depth interviews with physicians and patients. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted from March to May 2015 through in-depth, 1-hour telephone interviews using a concept elicitation method and semistructured interview guides. In phase 1, interviews were conducted with three hematologists and one nephrologist on (a) journey to diagnosis, including how HRQoL is evaluated in everyday practice, and (b) HRQoL concepts that impact how AL patients feel and function. In phase 2, interviews were conducted with 10 AL patients who varied in terms of organ involvement, years since diagnosis, and response to treatment. Patients provided input on journey to diagnosis and impact of AL and treatment on their HRQoL. All interviews were audiotaped, transcribed, coded, and analyzed using NVivo software and a grounded theory approach. Physician interviews were coded and analyzed by one researcher. Patient interviews were coded and analyzed by four researchers, with dual coding and review meetings to ensure agreement between coders. Transcripts were divided into four groups (interviews 1-3, 4-6, 7-9, 10) and were coded one group at a time to demonstrate saturation (saturation reflects the point at which no new relevant information emerges and interviewing can stop). Results/Physician Interviews: Physicians reported an average time to diagnosis of at least 10 months, during which patients consulted three or four different physician specialists to reach a diagnosis. Respondents called AL "a great masquerader" because AL presents in different organs and because many AL symptoms are common to other diseases. Physicians did not use any standardized assessments for HRQoL with AL patients; instead, they asked generally about fatigue, sleep, pain, and impact on work. They agreed to the usefulness of a standard HRQoL assessment but worried about the time it would require. They recommended patients complete HRQoL assessment every 3 months, using a recall period of "past month." After complete hematologic response, assessment could slow to every 6 months. Physicians agreed the most important HRQoL concepts were physical functioning, vitality/fatigue, pain, ability to work and perform other roles, general health, and sleep. They also noted an impact on mental health, such as depression and anxiety. Results/Patient Interviews: Patients reported a variety of experiences on their journey to diagnosis in terms of time to diagnosis, number and types of doctors seen, and number of tests/examinations. The average time to diagnosis was 2 years and ranged from 3 months to 4 years, during which they consulted, on average, three different physician specialists to reach a diagnosis. The type of physician specialist consulted depended on the organ involved. Patients reported a broad range of serious HRQoL impacts from AL, spanning physical disability to emotional distress. Specifically, impairments were noted in physical function and mobility, energy level, ability to work, participation in leisure activities, role in family, social relationships, mental health, sleep, cognitive function, ability to exercise, and ability to perform activities of daily living. The level of impairment was severe in many areas. Saturation analysis confirmed no new information emerged in the later interviews. Conclusions: Physicians and patients reported significant challenges in diagnosing AL and severe impairments across a broad range of HRQoL concepts. Because developers of new drugs are expected to provide direct evidence of the treatment benefit experienced by patients, these concepts should be measured in clinical trials with AL patients to demonstrate meaningful treatment benefits to patients. Disclosures White: Prothena Biosciences Inc: Consultancy. Bayliss:Prothena Biosciences Inc: Consultancy. Guthrie:Prothena Biosciences Inc: Employment, Other: Stock.

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Anderson, Mark A., Michel Niyonsenga, David Rosman y Michael S. Gee. "Comparison of Abdominopelvic CT Diagnoses at Academic Teaching Hospitals in Rwanda and the United States". Journal of Global Radiology 8, n.º 1 (20 de enero de 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.7191/jgr.2022.1160.

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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the disease processes encountered on abdominal and pelvic CT examinations at academic teaching hospitals in Rwanda and the United States and to highlight how these differences may impact a global radiology collaboration. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, we included 130 patients (mean 59 +/-17 years, range 20-91, F:M 74:56) who underwent abdominal/pelvic CT examinations between April 1st-12th, 2019. CT examinations were prospectively encountered in clinical work at the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Kigali or University Teaching Hospital of Kigali (CHUK) in Kigali, Rwanda, where the radiology report impression, patient age, gender, study indication, CT protocol, and clinical diagnosis were recorded when available. Abdominal/pelvic CT examinations at the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) in Boston, Massachusetts, United States were then retrospectively reviewed for the same information. Patient age and gender were compared using Student’s t-test and Chi-square statistic. Frequency of formal recommendations in radiology reports, available comparison of CT examinations, presence of known diagnoses, and intravenous and oral contrast media use were compared using Fisher’s exact test. Diagnostic categories were qualitatively compared. Results: A wide variety of pathology was encountered by abdominal/pelvic CT at both sites of imaging, with qualitative differences observed in cancer types, infectious agents, and how imaging guides care. Patients in Rwanda were older (p=0.0017), more likely to receive intravenous (p < 0.05) and positive oral contrast (p < 0.05) media and less likely to receive a formal recommendation in their radiology report (p < 0.05). Patients in the United States were more likely to have an available prior abdominal/pelvic CT (p < 0.05), to present for follow-up of a known diagnosis (p < 0.05), and to receive a formal recommendation in their radiology report (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Participation in global radiology collaborations is beneficial for radiologists by broadening exposure to pathologies and practice different from their own institution and region.

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Engelsen, Peder Christian, Fridtjof Heyerdahl, Dharani Dhar Maddali, Mehdi Sadat Akhavi, Ragnhild Marie Undseth, Ole Jakob Elle y Henrik Brun. "Ascending with ultrasound: telementored eFAST in flight—a feasibility study". Emergency Radiology, 9 de diciembre de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10140-023-02186-x.

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Abstract Purpose Teleultrasound uses telecommunication technologies to transmit ultrasound images from a remote location to an expert who guides the acquisition of images and interprets them in real time. Multiple studies have demonstrated the feasibility of teleultrasound. However, its application during helicopter flight using long-term evolution (LTE) for streaming has not been studied. Therefore, we conducted a study to examine the feasibility of teleultrasound in an Airbus H145 helicopter. Methods Four anesthesiologists and one military physician were recruited to perform telementored extended Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma (eFAST) during nine helicopter flights, each with a unique healthy volunteer. A radiologist was recruited as a remote expert, guiding the physicians in their examinations. The examining physicians reported the user experience of telementored eFAST on a questionnaire, while the remote expert rated the diagnostic quality of the images on a 1–5 Likert scale. In addition, we measured the duration of the examinations and key LTE network parameters including signal strength, quality, and continuity. Results The images were rated to an average of 4.9 by the remote expert, corresponding to good diagnostic quality. The average duration of telementored eFAST was 05:54 min. LTE coverage was negatively affected by proximity to urban areas and ceased above 2000 ft altitude. Occasional audio problems were addressed by using the Voice over LTE network for communication. The examining physicians unanimously reported on the questionnaire that they would use telementored eFAST on patients. Conclusion Telementored eFAST is feasible in ambulance helicopters and can produce images of good diagnostic quality. However, it relies on stable LTE coverage, which is influenced by many factors, including the helicopter’s altitude and flight path. Furthermore, its benefit on patient outcomes remains to be proven. Graphical abstract

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Yang, Shuqin. "Homeschooling among Urban Chinese Protestants: A Descriptive Study". Journal of Chinese Theology, 5 de junio de 2024, 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/27726606-20240024.

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Abstract As individualized education increases in popularity, homeschooling likewise garners more attention from Chinese middle-class families. Over the past decade, the number of families choosing homeschooling has increased annually. However, most homeschooling Chinese Protestants wish to focus on the cultivation of beliefs, character, and values in the education of their children. In their eyes, homeschooling provides the best way to transmit cultural heritage. Homeschooling brings with it many challenges and difficulties in the daily lives of Chinese Protestants: cross-pressure from traditional Chinese culture systems, opposition from parents and other family members, conflicts with mainstream educational institutions, and power struggles with Chinese secular authorities. Moreover, educational resources, guides, and materials for Chinese homeschooling families are scarce, thus leaving homeschooling families to grope in the dark. The biggest deterrent to them is the disqualification of their children from taking college entrance examinations because homeschooled children lack the requisite status to enroll as official students. Thus, the role conflicts among Chinese, Christian, pariah, and legal deviant statuses pose considerable tensions for parents and children. This paper offers insight into these issues through qualitative analysis of in-depth interviews with 50 respondents from urban Chinese Protestant families that had previously been screened through a brief survey instrument.

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T., Okebule, Adeyemo O. A., Oguntimilehin O., Awe A.S y Onyinye F.I. "IMPLEMENTATION OF A COHESIVE STUDENT END RESULT MANAGER". INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER RESEARCH 11, n.º 07 (14 de julio de 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.47191/ijmcr/v11i7.03.

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The advanced turn of events and the effect of personal computers and the Web on our lives have been a beneficial to civilization. Higher institutions examinations are performed with broad human intercession physically, the results are produced through a bookkeeping page application and afterward imprinted on a paper, appended to a board for the assertion, and afterward put away. Due to the increasing number of students in recent years and some human limitations, lots of problems have been encountered in area of Students registering of coursewhich are not included in the program which they study, omitting carry-over courses during result compilation, students offering more or less credit load than required and lack of adequate guidance in course registration. This research aims at making a web-based cohesive student result management system for higher institutions to lessening the time, effort, and improving the security of compilation of results by designing and implementation of the database, user-based interface, user access privilege and business logic. The strategy received for the elaboration of the venture depends on the subjective study. The functional result management system was developed using Django as the template and HTML and CSS as the view. The database used in iSRM (the student result management system) was designed with SQLite Database Management System (DBMS) which serves as the model

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O’Hanlon, Robin y Gregory Laynor. "Responding to a new generation of proprietary study resources in medical education". Journal of the Medical Library Association 107, n.º 2 (15 de abril de 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jmla.2019.619.

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Traditionally, health sciences libraries have supported patrons who are preparing for medical licensure examinations by collecting and making accessible board exam preparation resources, such as questions banks and study guides. However, when online board exam preparation resources are not available for licensing, providing equitable access to all library users can be a challenge. In recent years, a new generation of online study resources has emerged. Sites such as SketchyMedical and Picmonic use visual learning mnemonics, while resources such as Quizlet leverage crowd-sourcing to generate study content. While some of the content from these resources is made freely available, these resources are often limited to paid individual subscribers. This new generation of study resources, thus, presents a conundrum for health sciences librarians. On the one hand, these innovative resources offer new insights into how students learn and study, reflecting pedagogical trends in self-directed learning. On the other hand, the proprietary individual subscription-based model of these resources can widen the achievement gap between students who can afford to pay subscription costs and those who cannot. This commentary provides an overview of some of the most popular medical board examination preparation resources that have emerged in recent years. The authors suggest that health sciences librarians collaborate with medical students and educators to better understand and evaluate these resources.

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"Personalized Course Recommendation System using Deep Learning". International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering 8, n.º 2S11 (2 de noviembre de 2019): 2006–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.b1190.0982s1119.

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Recommender Frameworks are a regular examinations this is applied in stand-out areas. course concept is taken into consideration as a tried location that has not been tested absolutely. It blessings college understudies who want thought and similarly improves manner resolve administrative work for the length of the pre-enlistment span. a prime scope of the understudies do various distributions to enhance their reputation diploma. Be that as it is able to, the huge lion's percentage of the understudies don't understand which heading need to be taken first and after that later. The recommender structures made will assist understudies in highlighting slight productions basically as decreasing time to study guides in an effort to be taken. The proposed machine will reflect onconsideration on the benefactor tendency and guarantee that the productions directed are of their advantage and region. Understudies might not be capable see, proper heading as tested thru their little bit of leeway and region in which they could take into account.

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Christine Mwendo Matasio Munala, Susan Macharia y Clement Majawa. "Deconstruction of School Assessment Accommodations and Learning Attainments for Learners with Disabilities, Nairobi County Primary Schools, Kenya". International Journal of Innovative Research and Development, 25 de febrero de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.24940/ijird/2023/v12/i1/172691-416055-2-sm.

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This study sought to establish the school assessment accommodations for learners with disabilities and the learning outcomes of the school assessments for learners with disabilities. A concurrent mixed-methods research design was employed to investigate the school assessment accommodations and learning outcomes experienced by learners with disabilities in public primary schools in Nairobi County, Kenya. A combination of probability and non-probability sampling techniques was employed to select 50 public primary schools with inclusive education programs and Special Needs Education teachers. Data were collected through questionnaires, institutional questionnaires, and interview guides that were evaluated for validity and reliability. Quantitative data were analyzed through Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24, while qualitative data were interpreted with a thematic approach and verbatim reporting. Findings from this study indicate that the provision of school assessments for learners with disabilities yields both positive and negative outcomes. The research recommends that literacy examinations be adapted and accommodations are made for learners with disabilities specific to their individual needs. These accommodations should include extra allotted time, materials printed in a larger font, use of sign language, assistance from authorized scribes, utilization of assistive devices, granting of alternative assessment presentations, and the option of alternative assessments.

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Peter Nyamoko Migiro, Prof. Michael Okello Okwara y Dr. Jack Odongo Ajowi. "TOWARDS A MODEL FOR EFFECTIVE TRAINING OF SECONDARY SCHOOL PRINCIPALS". EPRA International Journal of Environmental Economics, Commerce and Educational Management, 13 de julio de 2024, 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.36713/epra17690.

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Often times the appointment of principals in Kenya is not strictly based on criteria to select those with requisite leadership training and skills .The principals, therefore, need to be taken through training programmes . Sometimes these programmes are not based on Training Needs Assessment (TNA). The low performance in examinations in Kisii County may be an indication of compromised quality education due to poorly or inadequately trained Principals. The objectives of this study were: To identify the educational supervision competencies that secondary school principals need in order to effectively perform their educational activities in their schools; and to develop a training model for the effective training of Principals in Kenya. The study used a mixed method research design and within it used concurrent triangulation. The study was done in Kisii County, which is one of the 47 counties in the country which register poor academic performance in national examinations in both primary and secondary schools. The target population was 360 principals and 11 Quality Assurance and Standard Officers (QASO). The sample population consisted of 36 principals and 9 QASOs selected through simple random sampling. Questionnaires and interview guides were used for data collection. In order to ensure the validity of the instruments, they were vetted by 3 Research Experts of Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology. Test- retest method was used to ascertain the reliability of the research instruments. From the study the training needs of the principals in terms of the form of training, the duration to be taken, the institution to be in charge, timing of the training, the need for field practicum and need for induction of principals before assuming office were established. A training model for principals based on these findings is proposed. It is recommended that bodies charged with the responsibility of training principals in Kenya should consider adopting this model. KEY WORDS: Training needs, principals, training model.

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Evans, Kevin D., Sundus H. Mohammad, Nicole Stigall-Weikle, Qian Yang y Carolyn M. Sommerich. "Utilizing Simulation as a Means to Teach Diagnostic Medical Sonography: A Multi-Site Discipline-Based Educational Research Project". Journal of Diagnostic Medical Sonography, 8 de septiembre de 2022, 875647932211230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/87564793221123020.

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Objective: This discipline-based educational research (DBER) project was designed to longitudinally study the influence of high-fidelity computer-based sonography simulators (HFCBSSs) on student learning. The research question was: Can the implementation of HFCBSS improve clinical skills for sonography students, beyond traditional methods? Materials and Methods: HFCBSSs were shipped to three educational sites for implementation. A quasi-experimental design was utilized across the three educational sites. Educational materials, simulator guides, and assessment templates were developed for implementation. The educational sites revised their standard curricula to allow for students to develop skills with HFCBSS, low-fidelity simulation (e.g. phantoms), and sonographic evaluation of peer classmates. A control group of graduating sonography students was assessed having no HFCBSS experience. Those assessment scores were used as an educational threshold. Successive cohorts of students across the educational sites were assessed as they progressed through their first year. Results: First-year sonography students, exposed to the revised simulation curricula, demonstrated higher median assessment scores, on most sonographic examinations, than the control-group student scores. Those student cohorts that were exposed to the revised simulation curricula but demonstrated a lower median assessment score were remediated to make sure they were ready for clinical placement. Students, across all three educational sites, rated their experience with the HFCBSS as second only to gaining patient examinations in their sonography clinical placements. Conclusion: This educational research project spanned three educational sites, with varied curricula, but it did demonstrate HFCBSS is a useful and effective educational tool. It also demonstrated how preclinical sonographic skill assessments can ensure students get lab-based remediation prior to clinical placement. These results are exclusive to this cohort and should be replicated at other sites, for concurrence.

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Kabelitz, Method, Pascal Raffael Furrer, Sandro Hodel, Sandro Canonica y Andreas Schweizer. "3D planning and patient specific instrumentation for intraarticular corrective osteotomy of trapeziometacarpal-, metacarpal and finger joints". BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 23, n.º 1 (8 de noviembre de 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12891-022-05946-x.

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Abstract Background Intra-articular malunions of the finger can lead to deformity and loss of function and can be treated with intra-articular corrective osteotomies. The aim of this study was to evaluate radiographic joint congruency, feasibility and functional outcome of three-dimensional (3D) printed patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) for corrective osteotomies at the trapeziometacarpal and finger joints. Methods Computer-tomography (CT) scans were acquired preoperatively for standard 3D planning, which was followed by calculation of cutting planes and the design of individualized bone surface contact drilling, sawing and reposition guides. Follow-up CT scans and clinical examinations (range of motion, grip strength) were performed. Postoperative complications were documented and patient-reported outcome measurements were assessed (Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) score, brief Michigan Hand Questionnaire (MHQ)). Results Ten patients (mean age 28.4 ± 12.8,range 13.8–51.3) years) were included with a mean follow-up of 21 ± 18 (3–59) months including seven osteotomies at the trapeziometacarpal or metacarpophalangeal joints and three at the proximal interphalangeal joint (PIP). All radiographic follow-up examinations showed the planned correction with good joint congruency and regular osseous consolidation. At the latest follow-up, the range of motion (ROM) increased and the average grip strength recovered to the level of the contralateral side. No postoperative complication was detected. The mean SANE score improved from 44 ± 23 (0–70) to 82 ± 12 (60–90) after a mean of 72 ± 20 (44–114) months. The mean postoperative brief MHQ was 92 ± 8 (71–98). Conclusion The use of 3D PSI in treating intra-articular malunions at the trapeziometacarpal and finger joints restored articular congruency accurately. ROM and grip strength improved postoperatively comparable to the healthy contralateral side and patient-reported outcome measures improved after medium-term follow-up.

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Lee, Adam Keith, Geoffrey Scott Marecek y Cory Alan Collinge. "Standardization and Reproducibility of Dynamic Stress Testing for Occult Pelvic Ring Instability". Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 16 de julio de 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5435/jaaos-d-23-00165.

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Introduction: Examination under anesthesia (EUA) (stress fluoroscopy) is commonly done after pelvic ring injury to identify occult instability because unstable disruptions may displace causing morbidity. The force applied during EUA for these injuries has not been standardized. The purpose of this study was to examine the forces used during the EUA by experienced orthopaedic trauma pelvic surgeons. Methods: Orthopaedic traumatologists performed simulated EUA on a cadaver at two North American pelvis and acetabular courses using internal rotation (IR), external rotation, and push-pull maneuvers while wearing a handheld dynamometer to measure force. All surgeons used a comparable method, and each performed EUA multiple times. Maximum forces were measured in Newton (N). Results: Eighteen surgeons participated. Four had been practicing for <5 years, six for 5 to 10 years, six for 11 to 20 years, and two for >20 years. Surgeons applied a force ranging from 40.4 to 374.9 N during IR, 72.9 to 338.4 N during external rotation, and 25 to 323 N during push-pull, with notable variability seen between surgeons. Three surgeons (18%) had >50-N variability on serial trials of a single EUA maneuver (IR). Discussion: This is the first study evaluating the forces applied during pelvic EUA used to assess ring stability. Notable variability existed among surgeons performing EUA and in serial examinations by the same surgeon. Additional study is needed to standardize the displacement measured and threshold for instability that guides management.

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Paul Phd, Fr Areman L. "Effects of Cattle Rustling on Children Education in Turkana East Sub-County". International Journal of Social Science and Human Research 7, n.º 07 (5 de julio de 2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.47191/ijsshr/v7-i07-24.

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Conflicts among the Turkana and Pokot, in the form of cattle rustling have a long history such that they have almost become an aspect of their culture. Their conflicts revolve around livestock and related productive assets namely: water, land and pasture. Cattle rustling among the Turkana and Pokot communities have become increasingly destructive and almost less manageable. It is against such background that this study sought to investigate why these conflicts have been endless as well as the effects of cattle rustling in the development of these regions. The specific objective of this study was to find out how cattle rustling has impacted on the education sector of children in schools in Turkana East Sub-County. This study adapted the descriptive survey research design with a sample size of 100 respondents in Kapedo location. The sampling technique used was stratified and purposive sampling. Data was collected using questionnaires, interview guides and Focus group discussions. Data was analysed with the help of SPSS version 23: Quantitative data was analyzed through descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages which were then presented using charts and tables. Qualitative data was analysed thematically. The study concluded that cattle rustling is rampant and quite frequent in Turkana East as given by 58.1% respondents. These raids have led to closure of some schools in Kapedo location as well as poor academic performance of school children in the national examinations. The study recommended that the Government should employ a profound strategy to minimize and bring to end cattle rustling that has led to under-development in Turkana East Sub-County.

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