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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Bloody Brook"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 26 de julio de 2024

Última modificación: 31 de julio de 2025

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1

Kopp, Radovan, Štěpán Lang, Tomáš Brabec, and Jan Mareš. "The influence of physicochemical properties of water on plasma indices in brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis, Mitchill) reared under conditions of intensive aquaculture." Acta Veterinaria Brno 82, no. 4 (2013): 427–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb201382040427.

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The breeding of salmonids in intensive aquaculture has increasing importance in terms of high quality fish crude. The aim of our study was to figure out if the physicochemical properties of water can influence the physiological condition of fish organism. Blood samples were taken from the heart of 86 healthy, randomly selected brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) with the standard length of 242.3 ± 10.8 mm and body mass of 261.10 ± 29.81 g. Sampling was done on three trout farms in the Czech Republic in the period between autumn 2009 and summer 2011. Blood plasma was analysed for the presence o

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2

ZUO, X., та P. T. K. WOO. "Natural anti-proteases in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss and brook charr, Salvelinus fontinalis and the in vitro neutralization of fish α2-macroglobulin by the metalloprotease from the pathogenic haemoflagellate, Cryptobia salmositica". Parasitology 114, № 4 (1997): 375–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182096008578.

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Natural anti-proteases (α1-protease inhibitor (α1-PI; α1-antitrypsin) and α2-macroglobulin (α2-M)) were found in the blood of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss and brook charr, Salvelinus fontinalis. The α2-M inhibited Cryptobia salmositica proteases and was significantly higher in brook charr than in rainbow trout. Under in vitro conditions it took longer for the same number of parasites to neutralize the α2-M in charr than in trout blood. The haemolysis which occurred when C. salmositica was incubated in the blood of rainbow trout was due to neutralization of α2-M. This in vitro study also

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3

Własow, T., H. Kuzminski, P. Woznicki, and E. Ziomek. "Blood Cell Alteration in Triploid Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill)." Acta Veterinaria Brno 73, no. 1 (2004): 115–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb200473010115.

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4

Byrne, P., HW Ferguson, JS Lumsden, and VE Ostland. "Blood chemistry of bacterial gill disease in brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis." Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 10 (1991): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/dao010001.

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5

Zachmann, A., S. C. M. Knijff, M. A. Ali, and M. Anctil. "Effects of photoperiod and different intensities of light exposure on melatonin levels in the blood, pineal organ, and retina of the brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis Mitchill)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 70, no. 1 (1992): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z92-004.

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Daily variations in the melatonin concentration in the blood, pineal organ, and retina of the brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis, were investigated in July under constant photoperiod (16 h L: 8 h D) and temperature (12 °C). Diel variations in melatonin levels in the blood and pineal organ showed similar patterns, with higher values during the night, whereas melatonin concentrations in the retina increased slightly in the first half of the light period. Light exposure of 1 h duration at mid-dark decreased melatonin levels in the blood and pineal organ in an intensity-dependent manner, whereas r

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6

Řehulka, Jiří, and Bohumil Minařík. "Blood parameters in brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill, 1815), affected by columnaris disease." Aquaculture Research 38, no. 11 (2007): 1182–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2007.01786.x.

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7

Diouf, B., P. Rioux, P. U. Blier, and D. Rajotte. "Use of brook char (Salvelinus fontinalis) physiological responses to stress as a teaching exercise." Advances in Physiology Education 23, no. 1 (2000): S18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/advances.2000.23.1.s18.

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Fish hematological changes during osmotic and cold stress are used to introduce the physiological reactions of the animal to an acute stress. Brook char (Salvelinus fontinalis) were subjected to 1 h of stress before being anesthetized and having blood taken from their caudal vein. Glucose, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and osmolarity were determined in the blood samples. Analyses showed that glucose concentration tends to increase and hematocrit tends to decrease in stressed fish. Changes in hemoglobin concentration occurred only in cold-stressed fish. A rise in blood glucose concentration is the re

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8

Veenstra, Ronald S., Eugene K. Balon, and Christine Flegler-Balon. "Propanidid, a useful anaesthetic for studying blood circulation in early development of fish." Canadian Journal of Zoology 65, no. 5 (1987): 1286–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z87-202.

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The effectiveness of propanidid was tested by comparing it with cocaine hydrochloride, urethane, and traicaine methanesulfonate, anaesthetics already established for studies of early ontogeny in fishes. Free embryos of the brook charr, Salvelinus fontinalis, and 7-day-old amargosa pupfish, Cyprinodon nevadensis amargosae, were anaesthetized with dilute solutions of these drugs. The times taken until the blood elements ceased moving through the capillary loops of the developing caudal fin were compared. Propanidid was found to be superior to the other drugs tested in maintaining the longest dur

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9

Zaremba, Urszula, Zbigniew Kasprzykowski, and Elżbieta Kondera. "The Influence of Biological Factors on Haematological Values in Wild Marsh Harrier (Circus aeruginosus) Nestlings." Animals 11, no. 9 (2021): 2539. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11092539.

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Marsh harrier (Circus aeruginosus) is a species with obligatory cainism, in which hatching asynchrony creates a pronounced size hierarchy in nestlings. The size-related competitive advantage of older nestlings means that they tend to dominate the younger ones, and brood reduction occurs in most nests. The aim of the study was to reference values and carry out a haematological examination in order to evaluate the physiological status and health of nestlings with respect to hatching order, brood size, and nest initiation date. To do so, we examined 19 nests with a total of 58 nestlings from a fr

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10

Marshall, William S. "Sperm duct epithelium of brook trout: Na+ transport and seminal plasma composition." Canadian Journal of Zoology 64, no. 9 (1986): 1827–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z86-272.

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The transport of Na+ by the brook trout sperm duct (ductus deferens) was examined in vitro. Active Na+ uptake (averaging 0.6 μequiv.∙cm−2∙h−1) was not significantly different from transepithelial short-circuit current, indicating that the short-circuit current may be a measure of Na+ net transport. Transepithelial conductance was 4.1 ± 0.2 mS∙cm−2; an initially high short-circuit current and transepithelial potential (4–7 mV, serosa positive) dropped to near zero in the 1st hour in vitro. Short-circuit current and net Na+ transport were stimulated by cyclic adenosine monophosphate and 3-isobut

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11

Lund, Susan G., Mervyn E. A. Lund, and Bruce L. Tufts. "Red blood cell Hsp 70 mRNA and protein as bio-indicators of temperature stress in the brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis)." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 60, no. 4 (2003): 460–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f03-039.

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The purpose of this study was to examine the heat shock protein (Hsp) 70 mRNA and protein response in several tissues of Miramichi brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) under both acute and extended heat stress conditions to determine the utility of the red blood cell (rbc) heat shock response as a biomarker of sublethal temperature stress. Red blood cells consistently produced one of the highest responses of all of the tissues examined. Recovery of Hsp 70 mRNA following acute temperature increase required between 24 h and 48 h. In contrast, Hsp 70 protein levels remained significantly elevated

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12

Christe, Philippe, Olivier Glaizot, Nicole Strepparava, Godefroy Devevey, and Luca Fumagalli. "Twofold cost of reproduction: an increase in parental effort leads to higher malarial parasitaemia and to a decrease in resistance to oxidative stress." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 279, no. 1731 (2011): 1142–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2011.1546.

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Parental effort is usually associated with high metabolism that could lead to an increase in the production of reactive oxidative species giving rise to oxidative stress. Since many antioxidants involved in the resistance to oxidative stress can also enhance immune function, an increase in parental effort may diminish the level of antioxidants otherwise involved in parasite resistance. In the present study, we performed brood size manipulation in a population of great tits ( Parus major ) to create different levels of parental effort. We measured resistance to oxidative stress and used a newly

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13

Marshall, William S., and Sharon E. Bryson. "Evidence for Cl−-dependent K+ secretion by the blood–testis barrier of brook trout." Canadian Journal of Zoology 66, no. 7 (1988): 1603–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z88-234.

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The transepithelial transport of 86Rb+, a tracer for K+, was examined in the isolated sperm duct of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis). Fluxes of 86Rb+ at 1.0 mM Rb+ in voltage-clamped ducts bathed with Ringer's solution on both sides revealed net secretion of Rb+ averaging 31–58 nequiv.∙cm−2∙h−1 after stimulation by 1.0 mM dibutyryl-cAMP. Unstimulated tissues had no net Rb+ transport. The stimulated Rb+ transport was reduced 70% by bilateral replacement of Cl− with gluconate, indicating that Rb+ secretion is dependent on Cl−. Ba2+ (2.0 mM) added to the luminal (mucosal) side had no effect on

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14

Wipfli, Mark S., Richard W. Merritt, and William W. Taylor. "Low Toxicity of the Black Fly LarvicideBacillus thuringiensisvar.israelensisto Early Stages of Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), Brown Trout (Salmo trutta), and Steelhead Trout (Oncorhynchus my kiss) following Direct and Indirect Exposure." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 51, no. 6 (1994): 1451–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f94-145.

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Mortality of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), brown trout (Salmo trutta), and steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) from eyed embryo to 82 mm fork length, exposed to Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (B.t.i.) in the laboratory increased when dosages exceeded recommended rates by 12 000× or more. There was generally no toxicity difference between denatured (autoclaved) and nondenatured B.t.i. for all three trout species at all B.t.i. concentrations tested, indicating that mortality was due to formulation components and not B.t.i. toxin. The 48-h LC50values for brown and brook trout al

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15

Tietge, J. E., R. D. Johnson, and H. L. Bergman. "Morphometric Changes in Gill Secondary Lamellae of Brook Trou (Salvelinus fontinalis) After Long-Term Exposure to Acid and Aluminum." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 45, no. 9 (1988): 1643–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f88-194.

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Adult brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) were exposed for 147 d to three different combinations of acid and Al in soft water (2 mg Ca/L). Samples of gill tissue from each of the three exposure conditions (pH 6.64 + 0 μg Al/L, pH 4.91 + 4.3 μg Al/L, and pH 4.45 + 393 μg Al/L) were examined by light microscopy using high-resolution techniques and morphometric analysis. As compared with fish in control conditions (pH 6.64 + 0 μg Al/L), exposure to pH 4.91 without Al significantly increased volume density of lamellar chloride cells. Low pH and elevated Al (pH 4.45 + 393 μg Al/L) resulted in incre

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16

Darmawan, J., E. Tahapari, and W. Pamungkas. "Effectiveness of anesthesia solution (2-Phenoxyethanol) in the transportation of brood stock of Perkasa Striped Catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus Sauvage, 1878)." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1137, no. 1 (2023): 012034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1137/1/012034.

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Abstract This study aimed to obtain the optimal concentration of 2-phenoxy ethanol in the transportation medium for the brood stock candidate of the Perkasa Striped catfish. To determine the optimal concentration of 2-phenoxy ethanol in the transportation medium for the Perkasa Striped catfish brood stock candidate, the study used a completely randomized design with three replications consisting of five levels of treatment with a concentration of 2-phenoxy ethanol, namely 0 (control), 100, 150, 200, and 250 ppm. The test fish were Perkasa Striped catfish brood stock candidates weighing an aver

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17

Laksanawimol, Parichart, Praneet Damrongphol, and Maleeya Kruatrachue. "Alteration of the brood pouch morphology during gestation of male seahorses, Hippocampus kuda." Marine and Freshwater Research 57, no. 5 (2006): 497. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf05112.

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The brood pouch of seahorses can be divided into four sequential stages based on the characteristics of the altered tissue layers during gestation: the normal stage, the embryo-carrying stage, the embryo-release stage and the repair stage. The brood pouch is composed of a folded inner pseudostratified columnar epithelium and a smooth outer stratified cuboidal epithelium. Three tissue layers between the inner and the outer epithelia are an inner loose connective tissue layer, a middle smooth muscle layer and an outer dense irregular connective tissue layer. In the normal stage, the inner loose

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18

Shepherd, Simon. "Blood, Thunder and Theory: The Arrival of English Melodrama." Theatre Research International 24, no. 2 (1999): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307883300020769.

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One of the surest ways of registering disapproval of a play or a performance is to dismiss it as ‘melodramatic’, thus invoking a whole network of mistaken dramatic values and improper practice. In arts reviews, classrooms and text books, ‘melodrama’ recurs as the ‘other’ of ‘proper’ realist drama. In English Drama: A Cultural History, we describe the critical history of melodrama as ‘The Unacceptable Face of Theatre's importance and seriousness. One of the most influential interventions came from Peter Brooks, whose Melodramatic Imagination propounds two arguments in favour of melodrama'scultu

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19

Audet, Céline, and Guy Claireaux. "Diel and Seasonal Changes in Resting Levels of Various Blood Parameters in Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis)." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 49, no. 5 (1992): 870–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f92-097.

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Plasma osmolality, chloride, glucose, Cortisol, thyroid hormones, and blood hematocrit all varied seasonally in freshwater-adapted, age 1 + brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) kept under natural photoperiod and water temperatures. In addition, plasma osmolality, Cortisol, and thyroxine all displayed diel cycles that differed from month to month. High Cortisol levels were related to sexual maturation and possibly to low water temperatures. Seasonal cycles of plasma thyroid hormones did not seem to be influenced by water temperature. Plasma osmolality, chloride, glucose, and thyroxine showed sma

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20

Nichols, D. J., M. Weisbart, and J. Quinn. "Cortisol kinetics and fluid distribution in brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis)." Journal of Endocrinology 107, no. 1 (1985): 57–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1070057.

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ABSTRACT Cortisol kinetics were examined in brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) to assess possible relationships with body fluid distribution during acclimation to sea water (SW). The disappearance curve of [3H]cortisol in plasma, after a bolus injection, was analysed by compartmental analysis using a three-pool mammillary model. The results indicated that only ∼ 10% of the total exchangeable cortisol was located in the plasma pool. Over 75% of the total cortisol was associated with a large slowly exchanging pool and the remaining cortisol was located in a second extravascular tissue pool whic

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21

Gauthier, Rouleau-Breton, Charette, and Derome. "Stimulated Growth and Innate Immunity in Brook Charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) Treated with a General Probiotic (Bactocell®) and Two Endogenous Probiotics That Inhibit Aeromonas salmonicida In Vitro." Microorganisms 7, no. 7 (2019): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7070193.

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Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida is a Gram-negative bacterium causing furunculosis, an opportunistic infection of farmed salmonid fish. Current treatment methods against furunculosis rely heavily on antibiotherapy. However, strains of this opportunistic fish pathogen were found to possess genes that confer resistance to major antibiotics including those used to cure furunculosis. Therefore, dispensing bacterial symbionts as probiotics to susceptible hosts appears to be a promising alternative. Here, we present the genomic characterization and in vivo safety assessment of two brook char

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22

MacGillivray, Neil. "Sir William Brooke O’Shaughnessy (1808–1889), MD, FRS, LRCS Ed: Chemical pathologist, pharmacologist and pioneer in electric telegraphy." Journal of Medical Biography 25, no. 3 (2015): 186–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0967772015596276.

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This article reviews the life and work of Sir William O’Shaughnessy Brooke (formerly Sir William Brooke O'Shaughnessy), an Edinburgh doctor of medicine and Fellow of the Royal Society who as a young doctor in London analysed the blood and excreta of cholera victims, an action which led to the first successful use of intravenous replacement therapy. His career in India was distinguished in several spheres: chemistry, pharmacology in which he introduced cannabis indica to Europe, and in the field of electric telegraphy where he became the superintendent of telegraphs for India.

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23

Pap, Péter László. "Breeding time and sex-specific health status in the barn swallow (Hirundo rustica)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 80, no. 12 (2002): 2090–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z02-200.

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Health status has been hypothesized to be an important factor associated with individual reproductive performance in birds. Sex-specific health status of early- and late-breeding barn swallows (Hirundo rustica) was studied during the prelaying and brood-rearing periods to test the prediction that early-arriving birds are in better health status than late-arriving individuals. During prelaying, early breeders (of both sexes) had lower leukocyte counts than late breeders, and males had fewer lymphocytes, heterophils, and total white blood cells than females. Sex differences in health status at a

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Kawata, Hiroaki, Hidefumi Kishimoto, Takuya Miura, Tohru Nakajima, and Hiroyuki Kitajima. "Surgical management of congenital cardiac defects in neonates and young infants born with extremely low weight." Cardiology in the Young 13, no. 4 (2003): 328–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951103000660.

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Surgical treatment of cardiac defects in infants born with extremely low weight is sometimes required during the neonatal period. Optimal timing of these operations has yet to be clarified. With this in mind, we reviewed our experience of surgical treatment for 29 infants born with extremely low weight between 1994 and 2001. The main surgical procedures were ligation of a patent arterial duct in 26, a Brock procedure in 2, and ligation of an aorto-pulmonary window in 1 infant. The age at operation ranged from 5 to 57 days, with a median of 30 days, and weighed from 506 to 902 g, with a median

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Dubiec, Anna, and Mariusz Cichoñ. "Seasonal decline in health status of Great Tit (Parus major) nestlings." Canadian Journal of Zoology 79, no. 10 (2001): 1829–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z01-151.

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Seasonal variation in offspring survival and recruitment rates in birds may be mediated by immune function, as it defines the ability of individuals to protect themselves against parasites and infectious diseases. To investigate the relationship between hatching date and health status of Great Tit (Parus major) nestlings, two blood parameters (leukocyte level and haematocrit) were estimated. Leukocyte level decreased as the season progressed within first but not second broods, while haematocrit showed no seasonal variation within either brood type. However, nestlings from first broods had both

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Reece, R. H. W. "A “Suitable Population”: Charles Brooke and Race-Mixing in Sarawak." Itinerario 9, no. 1 (1985): 67–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115300003442.

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In the “Concluding Remarks” appended to his journal for 1853–63, published in London in 1866 as Ten Years in Sarawak, Charles Brooke gave his support to the unfashionable idea of miscegenation between Europeans and Asians. The younger nephew of the first Rajah, James Brooke, and heir apparent to the Brooke raj to which he succeeded two years later, his views were of some significance. Accepting that a tropical climate was “not adapted for the permanent residence of Anglo-Saxons,” he proposed that a mixed race could provide Sarawak with a “suitable population.” To support his argument, Brooke c

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Schmidt, Alexander, Frank Alard, and Yves Handrich. "Changes in body temperatures in king penguins at sea: the result of fine adjustments in peripheral heat loss?" American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 291, no. 3 (2006): R608—R618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00826.2005.

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To investigate thermoregulatory adjustments at sea, body temperatures (the pectoral muscle and the brood patch) and diving behavior were monitored during a foraging trip of several days at sea in six breeding king penguins Aptenodytes patagonicus. During inactive phases at sea (water temperature: 4–7°C), all tissues measured were maintained at normothermic temperatures. The brood patch temperature was maintained at the same values as those measured when brooding on shore (38°C). This high temperature difference causes a significant loss of heat. We hypothesize that high-energy expenditure asso

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Wood, C. M., R. C. Playle, B. P. Simons, G. G. Goss, and D. G. McDonald. "Blood Gases, Acid–Base Status, Ions, and Hematology in Adult Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) under Acid/Aluminum Exposure." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 45, no. 9 (1988): 1575–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f88-187.

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The relative importance of ionoregulatory and respiratory disturbances in brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) under acid/Al stress in soft water is dependent upon water pH and Ca2+ levels. Trout acclimated to Ca2+ = 25 or 400 μequiv/L were fitted with arterial catheters and exposed to acid/Al for 10 d under flow-through conditions. Parameters monitored included pHa, [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], HCO3−, ΔH+m, Na+, Cl−, K+, Ca2+, protein, lactate, glucose, hemoglobin, and hematocrit. Exposure to pH = 4.8 (no Al) at Ca2+ = 25 μequiv/L caused no mortality and negligible physiological d

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Tam, W. H., L. Birkett, R. Makaran, P. D. Payson, D. K. Whitney, and C. K. C. Yu. "Modification of Carbohydrate Metabolism and Liver Vitellogenic Function in Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) by Exposure to Low pH." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 44, no. 3 (1987): 630–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f87-076.

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Brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), 1+ yr old, were exposed to pH 4.48 from February to December. Compared with control fish maintained at pH 7.34, acid-stressed fish generally had elevated blood glucose levels. Plasma cortisol concentration, measured only in males, was significantly increased in the acid-treated trout up to July. Although somatic growth decreased by about 30% by the end of the experiment, peritoneal fat was unchanged. During the reproductive season, female plasma levels of oestrogen and vitellogenin were the same at both pH levels. When immature fish were implanted with oest

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Gliński, Z. F., and J. Jarosz. "Distribution of Protein Fractions in the Blood of Worker Brood ofApis Mellifera." Journal of Apicultural Research 24, no. 2 (1985): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00218839.1985.11100653.

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Burness, G. P., G. B. McClelland, S. L. Wardrop, and P. W. Hochachka. "Effect of brood size manipulation on offspring physiology: an experiment with passerine birds." Journal of Experimental Biology 203, no. 22 (2000): 3513–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.203.22.3513.

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The environment experienced during ontogeny has a significant impact on the physiological condition of offspring. This, in turn, forecasts survival probabilities and future reproductive potential. Despite the prominent role that the concept of condition plays in evolutionary studies, the physiological and biochemical characters that define it remain relatively unexplored. In this study, we quantified the impact of brood size manipulations on the physiology and biochemistry of nestling tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) shortly before they fledged. Over two breeding seasons, we either increase

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Dika, Himawan, Lailah Mahmudah Rifaatul, and Fatmawati Atikah. "EFEKTIVITAS TERAPI SAPU JAGAD TERHADAP PENURUNAN SKALA NYERI PADA LANSIA DI UPT PANTI WERDHA MOJOPAHIT MOJOKERTO." HOSPITAL MAJAPAHIT 11, no. 1 (2019): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3514644.

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<em>One of the changes that occur in the elderly is pain. Pain is a problem in the elderly that difficult to handle and can have an impact on the decline in physical functional ability. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of broom therapy jagad to decrease the scale of pain in the elderly at UPT Panti Werdha Mojopahit Mojokerto.The design in this study used Quasy Experimental with one group serial pretest and posttest design with random sampling technique with the number of samples of 21 respondents. The measuring tool that used is the VAS (Visual Analog Scale) questionna

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Walker, R. L., C. M. Wood, and H. L. Bergman. "Effects of Low pH and Aluminum on Ventilation in the Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis)." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 45, no. 9 (1988): 1614–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f88-191.

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Brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) (acclimated to pH = 6.5, Ca2+ = 400 μequiv∙L−1), when exposed to acid (pH = 4.8, Ca2+ = 400 μequiv∙L−1) and Al (333 μg∙L−1), responded with a twofold increase in ventilation volume within the first 4 h of the challenge period (100 h). Increased ventilation stroke volume accounted for most of the change in ventilatory response; rate increased slightly. Although ventilation volume returned to prechallenge values by 6 h, coughing (flow reversal) and increased mucus production at the gills were notable throughout the challenge period. There were no significant c

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Guasco, Michael. "Brooke N. Newman. A Dark Inheritance: Blood, Race, and Sex in Colonial Jamaica." American Historical Review 125, no. 4 (2020): 1475–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ahr/rhz1325.

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35

Midtg�rd, Uffe, Per Sejrsen, and Kjell Johansen. "Blood flow in the brood patch of Bantam hens: evidence of cold vasodilatation." Journal of Comparative Physiology B 155, no. 6 (1985): 703–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00694584.

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36

Mann, Inderjit, Sophia pham, Rachel Spector, et al. "734. Abnormal Lipid Profiles in Human Babesiosis." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 8, Supplement_1 (2021): S465. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab466.931.

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Abstract Background Babesiosis has gained attention as an emerging protozoal zoonotic disease with an expanding known incidence and geographical range in the US. The infection is caused by Babesia microti in the US and is transmitted by the bite of Ixodes ticks, and occasionally by blood transfusion. The diagnosis is usually established by microscopic examination of a stained blood smear to see intraerythrocytic organisms. The level of parasitemia is only loosely correlated with clinical severity. Anecdotal reports suggest that HDL cholesterol levels decline during acute babesiosis. In this st

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37

Oyewumi, Oyeronke. "Att begreppsliggöra genus: de feministiska begreppens eurocentriska grundvalar och utmaningen från afrikansk kunskapsteori." Tidskrift för genusvetenskap 26, no. 4 (2022): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.55870/tgv.v26i4.3988.

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Conceptualizing gender: The Eurocentric foundations of feminist concepts and the challange of African epistemologies, by Oyeronke Oyewumi, PhD, Associate professor in sociology at Stony Brook University, USA. In her artide Oyewumi argues that the universal use of feminist concepts, developed primarily in North America and Europé, limits our understanding of the gender relations in non-western cultures. Western feminism has its foundations in the idea of a nuclear heterosexual family, which is limiting because of its understanding of gender and feminist sisterhood. In the nuclear family, consis

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38

Chuter, Robyn. "Reversal of Gestational Diabetes with a Low-Fat, Wholefood Plant-Based Diet." International Journal of Disease Reversal and Prevention 2, no. 2 (2020): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.22230/ijdrp.2020v2n2a177.

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Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a pathological disturbance in blood glucose regulation that is first detected during pregnancy. Pregnancy hormones, especially human placental lactogen, induce insulin resistance. a low-fat, whole-food, plant-based diet has been found to improve insulin sensitivity in prediabetes and type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Brooke was diagnosed with GDM despite having been on a 100% plantbased diet for 6 years prior to becoming pregnant; however, her diet was relatively high in fat. Within 10 days of reducing her fat intake to < 10% of daily energy, she achieved no

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39

Bartlett, Cheryl M., and R. C. Anderson. "Chandlerella bushi n.sp. and Splendidofilaria caperata Hibler, 1964 (Nematoda: Filarioidea) from Fulica americana (Gruiformes: Rallidae) in Manitoba, Canada." Canadian Journal of Zoology 65, no. 11 (1987): 2799–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z87-422.

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Chandlerella bushi n.sp., from a lymphatic vessel in the leg of one of seven adult American coots (Fulica americana) collected at Delta Marsh, Manitoba, is distinguished by the twisted distal end of the left spicule and by the length of the right spicule being about twice that of the left. Microfilariae of C. bushi occurred in the blood. Adult male and female Splendidofilaria caperata were also found in the coot infected with C. bushi, although microfilariae were not present in the reproductive tracts of females or in the host's blood. Microfilariae were not found in the blood of 27 adult coot

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40

Wood, C. M., B. P. Simons, D. R. Mount, and H. L. Bergman. "Physiological Evidence of Acclimation to Acid/Aluminum Stress in Adult Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis). 2. Blood Parameters by Cannulation." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 45, no. 9 (1988): 1597–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f88-189.

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Brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) exposed for 10 wk to sublethal acid (pH = 5.2) plus Al (150 μg/L) in flowing soft water (Ca2+ = 25 μequiv/L) did not exhibit chronic respiratory disturbance or elevated stress indices, as revealed by sampling of arterial blood gases, acid–base status, glucose, and cortisol via an indwelling catheter. Acclimation occurred, which prevented mortality and greatly attenuated the disturbances of respiratory, acid–base, and stress parameters normally seen upon challenge with more severe acid (pH = 4.8) plus Al conditions (333 μg/L} for 3 d. Ionoregulatory, fluid vo

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41

Tam, W. H., J. N. Fryer, I. Ali, M. R. Dallaire, and B. Valentine. "Growth Inhibition, Gluconeogenesis, and Morphometric Studies of the Pituitary and Interrenal Cells of Acid-Stressed Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis)." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 45, no. 7 (1988): 1197–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f88-142.

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Somatic growth was stunted in yearling brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) maintained for up to 73 d in pH 4.5. Plasma cortisol level increased in pulses after 1.5 h (from 10 to 82.3 ng∙mL−1) on days 4 (46 ng∙mL−1) and 15–30 (20–25 ng∙mL−1) of acid treatment. Interrenal nuclear hypertrophy and cell hyperplasia occurred respectively on days 4 and 15. Electron microscopic observations revealed that the somatotropes and thyrotropes were atrophic for about half of the experimental period whereas the corticotropes displayed sustained hypertrophy. Plasma glucose and amino acid levels rose simultaneo

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42

Johnston, Katherine. "A Dark Inheritance: Blood, Race, and Sex in Colonial Jamaica by Brooke N. Newman." Eighteenth-Century Studies 53, no. 2 (2020): 314–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ecs.2020.0021.

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43

Fuentes, Marisa J. "A Dark Inheritance: Blood, Race, and Sex in Colonial Jamaica, by Brooke N. Newman." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 94, no. 3-4 (2020): 339–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134360-09403021.

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44

Wlasow, Teresa, Henryk Kuzminski, Agata Kowalska, Anna Wiśniewska, Dorota Fopp-Bayat, and Joanna Korzuch. "Morphological characteristics of blood cells in brook trout triploids induced by hydrostatic pressure shock applied at different times after fertilisation." Caryologia 67, no. 1 (2014): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00087114.2014.891699.

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45

Klychenkov, S. V., A. D. Kruchinina, O. A. Levashova, and S. S. Gamzin. "Effect of Peptides from Honeybee Products on Rats Behavior under Conditions of Chronic Stress." Bulletin of Irkutsk State University. Series Biology. Ecology 44 (2023): 68–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.26516/2073-3372.2023.44.68.

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Chronic stress is one of the causes of depression. Various daily factors, accumulating, can lead to the formation of a constant state of stress and anxiety. In this study, we measured the ability of peptides of royal jelly, drone brood, and bee honey up to 5 kDa to reduce anxiety under chronic stress conditions in male Wistar rats. To do this, the animals of the control and experimental groups were subjected to random stress factors for 14 days (2 factors per day), while simultaneously receiving 0.9% NaCl solution (control group) or aqueous solutions of the corresponding peptides intranasally

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46

Huh, Jeong-ae. "From Ethnocentrism to Cultural Hybridity: George Eliot’s Middlemarch." British and American Language and Literature Association of Korea 147 (December 31, 2022): 21–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21297/ballak.2022.147.21.

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In George Eliot’s Middlemarch, Englishness and English culture seem to be disparaged by the miscegenation of Dorothea Brook, an English lady, and Will Ladislaw, “a dangerously mixed blood” of Englishman and Pole, and rumored to be of Jew and Gypsy. But Dorothea revolts against English ethnocentrism represented by her first husband Edward Casaubon, a sick, incommunicable, and narrow-minded English scholar and embraces cultural hybridity represented by her second husband Will, a vital, open, and sympathetic cosmopolitan bohemian. Eliot’s Will is different from other Victorian writers’ racial oth

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47

Fryer, J. N., W. H. Tam, B. Valentine, and R. E. Tikkala. "Prolactin Cell Cytology, Plasma Electrolytes, and Whole-Body Sodium Efflux in Acid-Stressed Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis)." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 45, no. 7 (1988): 1212–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f88-143.

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Twelve-month-old brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) of both sexes were exposed to acidified water (pH 4 5) for a period of 52 d. Ultrastructural morphometric studies of the prolactin cells of the pituitaries of acid-stressed female trout revealed a reduction, after a latent period of about 1 wk, in prolactin cell area, cytoplasmic area and nuclear area which gradually recovered to control values by day 52 of acid exposure. In both male and female trout, acid exposure resulted in significant decreases in plasma osmolarity, and plasma sodium, which gradually returned to control values by day 52

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48

Gill, Janusz, and Elżbieta Kompanowska-Jezierska. "Seasonal changes in the red blood cell indices in Arabian brood mares and their foals." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology 83, no. 4 (1986): 643–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-9629(86)90703-6.

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Wood, C. M., D. G. McDonald, C. E. Booth, B. P. Simons, C. G. Ingersoll, and H. L. Bergman. "Physiological Evidence of Acclimation to Acid/Aluminum Stress in Adult Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis). 1. Blood Composition and Net Sodium Fluxes." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 45, no. 9 (1988): 1587–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f88-188.

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Brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) adapt to chronic sublethal acid/Al stress. The accompanying acclimation confers greater resistance to short-term increases in Al and acidity. Adult trout were exposed in flowing soft water to eight combinations of pH (6.5, 5.2) × Ca2+ (25, 400 μequiv/L) × Al (0, 75, 150 μg/L = 0, 2.8, 5.6 μmol/L). After 10 wk, blood sampling by caudal puncture revealed no significant variations in osmolality, plasma protein, or hemoglobin and only minor differences [Formula: see text] in plasma Na+ and Cl−. Overall, most electrolytes were higher in fish exposed to higher wat

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50

HOFFMAN, G. L., B. FRIED, and J. E. HARVEY. "Sanguinicola fontinalis sp nov. (Digenea: Sanguinicolidae): a blood parasite of brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill), and longnose dace, Rhinichthys cataractae (Valenciennes)." Journal of Fish Diseases 8, no. 6 (1985): 529–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1985.tb00968.x.

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