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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Blockchains – Innovation"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 25 de mayo de 2024

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Blockchains – Innovation"

Guru, Divya, Supraja Perumal y Vijayakumar Varadarajan. "Approaches towards Blockchain Innovation: A Survey and Future Directions". Electronics 10, n.º 10 (20 de mayo de 2021): 1219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10101219.

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A blockchain is a decentralized peer to peer platform which provides security services based on some key concepts, namely authentication, confidentiality, integrity and authorization. It is the process of recording and keeping track of the resources without the intervention of a centralized authority. This paper provides an overview of blockchains, the structure of blockchains, consensus algorithms, etc., It compares the algorithms based on their utility and limitations. Though blockchains provide secure communication, there are some minimal data leaks which are discussed. Various security issues in blockchains are discussed such as denial of service attacks, etc., In addition to security, some other blockchain challenges are presented like scalability, reliability, interoperability, privacy and consensus mechanisms for integration with AI, IoT and edge computing. This paper also explains about the importance of blockchains in the fields of smart healthcare, smart grid, and smart financial systems. Overall, this paper gives the glimpse of various protocols, algorithms, applications, challenges and opportunities that are found in the blockchain domain.

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LIU, Bojian. "Impact of Blockchain on China’s Cyber Statecraft: Opportunities and Risks". East Asian Policy 10, n.º 04 (octubre de 2018): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793930518000387.

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Since 2016, China has officially regarded blockchain technology as a subversive innovation that will fundamentally transform major industries. Current blockchain projects in China are dominated by private or consortium blockchains that have their accessibility firmly controlled; for public blockchains such as Bitcoin and Ethereum, access is free for all. Not surprisingly, by weakening state control of digital data, public blockchains may neutralise China’s decades of efforts in building internet filtering systems. The existing development trajectory of private and consortium blockchains is likely to advance steadfastly, and citizens and companies in China may be required to use state-controlled blockchains.

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Markey-Towler, Brendan. "Blockchains and institutional competition in innovation systems". Journal of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy 9, n.º 2 (28 de agosto de 2019): 185–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jepp-03-2019-0015.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to introduce the notion of blockchain as an institutional technology, defend the idea of National Innovation Systems as institutional systems, and then make use of the theory of institutional competition to characterise challenges posed by innovation public policy by blockchain technology. Design/methodology/approach The approach is to consider the nature of blockchain technology as an institutional technology, and to consider the nature of National Innovation Systems as institutional systems. The author then applies a theory of institutional competition developed elsewhere to appraise the interaction of the two. Findings The author expects for there to emerge sustained competition for National Innovation Systems from innovation systems implemented using blockchains. There will be pressure exerted by the latter upon the former to become more integrated, secure, usable and to greater support profit expectations for entrepreneurs. Originality/value The theory of institutional competition upon which this work is based makes use of cutting-edge behavioural and institutional economics. It has hitherto only been applied at a general level and has not been applied to a specific set of institutions such as National Innovation Systems.

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Kigombola, Anthony, Mercy Mbise y Prosper Mafole. "Dinari: A Blockchain Lab for Supporting Blockchain Learning, Research, and Innovation in Tanzania". Journal of ICT Systems 1, n.º 1 (4 de mayo de 2023): 19–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.56279/jicts.v1i1.26.

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Blockchains have caught the attention of governments, businesses, and researchers due to their potential to revolutionize the way data is stored and consumed. Despite the current interest in blockchains globally, there has been unsatisfactory progress of this promising technology in developing countries, including Tanzania. One factor hindering the advancement of blockchain in the country is the lack of knowledge of the technology itself. Challenged by the situation, this study implemented a blockchain lab to provide a platform for users to explore and practice various concepts of blockchain. This online lab, called Dinari, was implemented using Ethereum blockchain and was hosted on a cloud server. Experiments were conducted to verify the performance of the developed lab. Results from the experiment show that the platform gives an average transaction processing time of 15.17 seconds. The processing times were within an acceptable range of performance when compared with other online platforms, such as Mainnet and Kovan that provide average processing times of between 8.8 seconds and 18.3 seconds. The study can be scaled up in future to deploy more use cases, including health, in addition to the existing payment use case.

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Yu, Bofan. "Fintech Application: Artificial Intelligence and Blockchain". Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 15, n.º 1 (13 de septiembre de 2023): 240–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/15/20230920.

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From academia to manufacture, artificial intelligence has a wide application and influence. on financial market. Finance is one of the earliest industries have a great connection with artificial intelligence. Through accurate profiling, neural networks and a series of artificial intelligence technology apply to finance. The traditional financial products, service way, credit finance invest decisions, risk control, etc. will have an innovation. Analysis of base, impact mechanism, development directions, risks on combination between artificial intelligence and finance has great theoretical value and practical significance to promote further combination between artificial intelligence and finance. Blockchain, originated from the concept of digital currency, has an extensive application in series of industries. Governments, financial companies, technology enterprise all over the world show great interest in blockchains. Blockchain, a rising distributed database protocol, apply cryptography technology, time-stamped chain data structures and distributed consensus mechanisms, have achieved decentralization, immutability, easy traceability and many advantages. Blockchains have solved the problem, high cost and insecurity of traditional centralized system, which has broad application prospects. This article focuses on two representative technologies apply in finance, artificial intelligence and blockchains. Start with the definitions of artificial intelligence and blockchains. The significance part is analysis on application of these two technologies. It compares different charge of robo-advisor platform and analyze non-performing loans rate to show the advantage of intelligence risk control. It also introduces five types and characteristic of blockchains, and uses ripple as example to show application of blockchains in cross-broader payments.

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Kaur, Navneet y Devesh Saini. "Recent Advancement in Blockchain: A study". CGC International Journal of Contemporary Technology and Research 6, n.º 1 (10 de abril de 2024): 373–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.46860/cgcijctr.2024.04.10.373.

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With technological innovation occurring at an ever-increasing rate, block chain has become one of the hottest new Internet trends. Because it is a distributed and decentralised database, blockchain has restored the definition of trust—providing security through cryptography and consensus mechanism without needing any third party. Hence the aim of this study is to provide an overview on the concept of blockchains, historical development, and application of Block chain in real life. In addition, the working of interlinked blockchains (blockmesh), their merits and applications are discussed. This will be useful to clarify the uses and usage of blockmesh in our daily lives. Finally, a slight peek in the past of the block chain would also be discussed to show the exponential growth in the blockchain technology.

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Pavlyshyn, Ivan, Anna Petrenko, Bohdan Opryshko, Bohdan Oliinyk y Sergii Kavun. "Social Media Impact on the ‘Cosmos’ Blockchain Ecosystem: State and Prospect". Data Science Journal 23 (23 de febrero de 2024): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/dsj-2024-008.

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The proliferation of blockchain technology heralds transformative impacts across various sectors, offering decentralization, transparency, and enhanced security. This paper explores the unique case of Cosmos, a scalable blockchain ecosystem designed to address the challenges of isolation and interoperability among existing blockchains. With its implementation of Tendermint consensus and the Inter-Blockchain Communication protocol, Cosmos stands out in facilitating seamless cross-blockchain interactions. The ATOM token serves a dual role as the network’s currency and a governance tool, empowering stakeholders in decision-making processes. Significantly, this study investigates the intricate relationship between Cosmos and social media platforms, examining how online sentiment influences voting on governance proposals, with a detailed analysis of two specific proposals. Furthermore, the paper delves into Cosmos’ integral role in the burgeoning Decentralized Finance sector, underscoring how its modular architecture fosters financial innovation. In the broader context, there are numerous PoS (Proof of Stake) networks. Cosmos, one of the foundational and longstanding projects, exemplifies a classic blockchain economic model, making it an ideal subject for this analysis. Finally, the paper assesses Cosmos’ contribution to the overarching Web3 vision, asserting its significance as a foundational element for a decentralized, user-oriented digital framework. Our findings illuminate Cosmos’ multifaceted impact, from technological innovation to reshaping societal structures, reaffirming blockchain’s potential in redefining modern paradigms. JEL Classification Codes: M31; M15; C58; L17 MSC 2010 Subject Classification Codes: 00A06; 37M10; 62M10; 91B84; 91B82

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Dobrianskyi, B. I. y I. V. Stetsenko. "Architectural framework for a United Blockchain Interaction Library". PROBLEMS IN PROGRAMMING, n.º 1 (enero de 2024): 86–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/pp2024.01.086.

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This research addresses the challenges posed by the fragmented nature of blockchain development tools, presenting a comprehensive exploration of the imperative need for a unified architecture. In response to the growing diversity of blockchain networks, a solution in the form of a unified library based on a versatile and interoperable interface that streamlines interactions across various blockchains is proposed. The current state of blockchain development tools, an overview of existing solutions, formulation of design principles, and functions of proposed unified library are provided. By mitigating the complexities associated with disparate tools, the research aims to enhance the accessibility and efficiency of blockchain development, encouraging collaboration and innovation within the blockchain community.

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Denga, Michael. "Transaktionsgebühren der Blockchain". Zeitschrift für Bankrecht und Bankwirtschaft 34, n.º 5 (15 de octubre de 2022): 298–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.15375/zbb-2022-0505.

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Zusammenfassung Im rechtswissenschaftlichen wie regulatorischen Diskurs um Blockchain-Plattformen werden bislang die wertbildenden Faktoren für Kryptowährungen vernachlässigt. Hier sollen – insbesondere am Beispiel von Ethereum – die Gebühren für Blockchain-Transaktionen untersucht werden. Ihre Bedeutung ist kaum hoch genug einzuschätzen, denn sie determinieren die Attraktivität von Blockchain-Ökosystemen, können zu Lock-In-Effekten für Anlagen führen und sind Treiber von (Umgehungs-)Innovation. Transaktionsgebühren sind in den Protokollen von Blockchain-Systemen niedergelegt, für die auf das klassische IT-rechtliche Axiom von Lessig zurückgegriffen wird – Code is Law. Eine genaue Analyse des Zustandekommens von Blockchain-Protokollen zeigt allerdings, dass die technologieenthusiastischen Narrative der Blockchain strikt an der Grenze ihrer Programmierung enden. Der Code von Blockchains ist nicht „unveränderlich“ oder „rein technisch“, er ist hochpolitisch und häufig von monetären Interessen geprägt. Protokolländerungen entstehen durch Updates in informellen Strukturen, in denen Charisma sowie ökonomischer Druck maßgeblich sind und die durchaus zentralistische Züge tragen. Daher sind Belange des Schwächeren- und Minderheitenschutzes auf den Plan gerufen; das Problem der Transaktionsgebühren soll in diesem Beitrag mit den Lösungen des Kapitalmarktrechts sowie auch des AGB- und Gesellschaftsrechts abgeglichen werden. Am Ende steht der Appell für eine tatsachengebundene Einordnung von Blockchain-Systemen als menschlich determinierte, verantwortlich geführte Systeme. Zudem empfiehlt sich eine regulatorische Reflexion der Funktionsbedingungen von Blockchains als Infrastruktur.

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Felipe, Marcos y Haiping Xu. "HistoChain: Improving Consortium Blockchain Scalability using Historical Blockchains". Advances in Science, Technology and Engineering Systems Journal 8, n.º 3 (mayo de 2023): 89–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.25046/aj080311.

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Tesis sobre el tema "Blockchains – Innovation"

Khacef, Kahina. "Trade-off betweew security and scalability in blockchain systems". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUS516.

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Cette thèse propose et évalue des méthodes pour décentraliser et faire évoluer la blockchain. La première contribution de cette thèse propose un protocole d’identification décentralisé et sécurisé qui profite de la puissance et de la résilience des blockchains. La clé publique et la signature sont enregistrées dans la blockchain après validation de l’identité du signataire par des smart contracts. La deuxième contribution propose SecuSca, une approche qui fait un compromis entre sécurité et évolutivité en créant un sharding dans lequel les blocs sont stockés sur différents nœuds. La troisième contribution optimise l’approche en choisissant des nœuds selon leurs capacités. Les méthodes proposées ont été évaluées expérimentalement et ont montré leurs avantages pour la décentralisation et l’évolutivité de la blockchain
The development of Blockchain has enabled the emergence of high technology in the sensitive and active sectors by allowing the reliability of information via consensus, the immutability of records, and transaction transparency. This thesis presents the design, implementation, and evaluation of techniques to scale the blockchain. The first part of this thesis consists of building a decentralized, secure peer-to-peer messaging protocol using a PKI-based blockchain, which can be an email, a website, or some other form of message. Managing users’ identities by the Blockchain eliminates the single point of failure of traditional PKIs. By using smart contracts to validate, store and revoke the certificate on a public blockchain. Security and scalability are considered two significant challenges in blockchains’ rapid and smooth deployment in businesses, enterprises, and organizations. The ability to scale up a blockchain lies mainly in improving the underlying technology rather than deploying new hardware. The second contribution of the thesis proposes SecuSca, an approach that makes a trade-off between security and scalability when designing blockchain-based systems. It designs an efficient replication model, which creates dynamic sharding wherein blocks are stored in various nodes. To maintain the required level of security, the proposed approach shows that blockchain replication over the Peer_to_Peer network is minimized as the blockchain’s length evolves. Furthermore, a sharding protocol over the network is proposed to get access to the blockchain data based on historical transactions. The protocol reduces old blocks’ replication; these blocks can be discarded from specific nodes and stored by others. The nodes willing to store the coming blocks and their data are chosen randomly. The block header of each block is kept to achieve consensus. Next, we optimize the latest approach by choosing the entering nodes following the nodes’ capacities instead of randomly

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Lys, Léonard. "Sécurité et fiabilité des échanges inter-blockchain". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUS228.

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Le verrou technologique auquel cette thèse s'adresse est donc l'interopérabilité des blockchains. Chaque blockchain est un environnement indépendant avec son propre réseau, son protocole et ses règles. Elles n'ont pas nécessairement été conçues dans l'optique de s'interopérer. En vérifiant l'historique des transactions et en identifiant l'auteur d'une transaction grâce aux signatures numériques, il est possible de vérifier si une transaction peut ou non être ajoutée à la chaîne. Mais à ce jour, aucun mécanisme n'est prévu pour coordonner des transactions entre plusieurs chaînes afin de procéder à un échange. Un système d'échange de crypto-actifs entre deux chaînes cherche à satisfaire les propriétés suivantes; atomicité, l'échange à lieu intégralement ou pas du tout, sécurité, les participants ne risquent pas de perdre leur crypto-actifs et enfin vivacité, la durée de l'échange doit être limitée dans le temps
The technological lock that this thesis addresses is therefore the interoperability of blockchains. Each blockchain is an independent environment with its own network, protocol and rules. They were not necessarily designed with interoperability in mind. By checking the history of transactions and identifying the author of a transaction thanks to digital signatures, it is possible to verify whether or not a transaction can be added to the chain. But to date, there is no mechanism for coordinating transactions between multiple chains to make an exchange. A system for exchanging crypto-assets between two chains seeks to satisfy the following properties; atomicity, the exchange takes place entirely or not at all, security, the participants do not risk losing their crypto-assets and finally vivacity, the duration of the exchange must be limited in time

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Besançon, Léo. "Interopérabilité des Systèmes Blockchains". Thesis, Lyon, 2021. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03789639.

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La Blockchain est une technologie disruptive. Elle s'intègre dans un écosystème décentralisé d’applications aux propriétés intéressantes : la transparence des transactions, l’auditabilité des applications, ou encore la résistance à la censure. Les domaines d'application sont variés, de la finance à la santé ou au jeu vidéo. La technologie a évolué depuis sa création en 2008 et possède de nombreuses perspectives. Néanmoins, le domaine rencontre de nombreux défis. Chaque Blockchain utilisant ses propres standards et modèles économiques, il subit notamment un manque d’interopérabilité à différents niveaux : entre les différents projets d'une Blockchain, entre les différentes Blockchains, ainsi qu’entre les Blockchains et les autres systèmes. Un aspect important de l'interopérabilité des systèmes Blockchains est leur interopérabilité sémantique, qui nécessite de définir formellement les concepts liés. Un autre défi est la conception d'applications Blockchains décentralisées. Ces applications intègrent la technologie Blockchain, mais aussi d'autres services qui permettent de satisfaire les contraintes de l'application pour lesquelles la Blockchain n'est pas adaptée. Cependant, il est complexe de choisir les services Blockchain les plus adaptés à une application donnée. Cette thèse a pour objectif la proposition d’un cadre permettant d’améliorer l’interopérabilité des applications Blockchain décentralisées. Pour cela, nous développons une méthodologie d'aide à la conception de ces applications, ainsi qu'une ontologie Blockchain qui aide à formaliser leurs concepts. Ce cadre est validé dans le domaine des jeux vidéo Blockchain. Cet environnement est complexe, car il nécessite le partage de données volumineuses. De plus, les contraintes de latence doivent être respectées
Blockchains are a disruptive technology. They enable an ecosystem for decentralized applications with interesting properties: transaction transparency, application auditability or censorship resistance. It has applications in various fields, such as finance, healthcare or video games. It has evolved a lot since its creation in 2008, and presents numerous perspectives. However, the field faces many challenges, in particular a lack of interoperability at several levels: between projects on a same Blockchain, between different Blockchains, or between Blockchains and other systems. One important aspect of Blockchain systems interoperability is semantic interoperability. It relies on formal definitions of the related concepts. Another challenge is the design of decentralized Blockchain applications. These applications integrate Blockchain technology, but also other services that satisfy the constraints of the application that Blockchain is not suitable for. However, it is complex to choose the most suited Blockchain service for a given application. With this PhD work, we propose a framework that can improve interoperability for decentralized Blockchain applications. We achieve this with the design of a methodology and a Blockchain ontology that help formalize the concepts related to an application. This framework is validated in the context of Blockchain video game development. It is a complex use case, as it needs to share storage intensive data and satisfy the latency constraints

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Janjic, Filip y Gentrit Hasanaj. "BLOCKCHAIN SOM RESURS INOM OFFENTLIG SEKTOR". Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20750.

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Sverige befinner sig inte längre på en världsledande position inom digital förvaltning: något man har som mål att vara. Studier om digital förvaltning har påvisat att Sverige var lägst placerade av de nordiska länderna när det kommer till användarvänlighet, transparens och säkra e-tjänster. Vidare anser många svenskar anser att svenska myndigheter halkar efter gällande digital service. Blockchain anses ha potential att vara revolutionerande för digitaliseringen inom många olika användningsområden. Denna studie syftar till att undersöka hur blockkedjan kan påverka den digitala transformationen av Sveriges offentliga sektor. Målet är att undersöka vilka möjligheter och utmaningar blockchain-teknologin kan innebära inom offentlig förvaltning, samt identifiera vilka typer av digitala innovationer blockchain kan bidra med. Datainsamlingen i studien följer en kvalitativ undersökningsdesign och har skett genom sex semistrukturerade intervjuer med myndigheter som har arbetat med blockkedjan samt personer vars arbetsroller involverar arbete med blockkedjan inom Sveriges offentliga sektor. Den insamlade datan genererade sedan den data som utgör grunden för studiens resultat. I studien har det visats på att blockkedjan kan påverka den digitala transformationen av Sveriges offentliga sektor genom att dess möjligheter har potential att skapa digitala innovation som kan förändra hur tjänster, processer, och strukturer i offentlig sektor kan komma att se ut i framtiden. De utmaningar som identifierats i studien involverar bland annat problem med prestanda, kunskaps- och erfarenhetsbrist och nuvarande lagstifning. Vilket hindrar i nuläget blockkedjans potential att kunna skapa de olika innovationerna.
Sweden is no longer in a world-leading position regarding digital administration, as it aims to be. Studies regarding digital administration show that Sweden were lowest ranked of the Scandinavian countries when it comes to usability, transparency and secure e-services. Furthermore, many Swedes think that authorities is slipping behind when it comes to digital service. The blockchain-technology is considered to have potential to be revolutionary for the digitalization of many areas. This study aims to investigate how the blockchain-technology can be used as a resource to contribute to the digital transformation of the public sector in Sweden. The goal is to research which possibilities and challenges the blockchain-technology could entail in authorities, and to identify which digital innovations it could contribute with. The data collection in the study follows a qualitative research design and has been done through six semi-structured interviews with authorities that has or intends to work with the technology and persons whose working tasks include blockchain in public sector. The collected data then generated the data that forms the basis of the study’s results. In the study we have found that blockchain could have an impact on the digital transformation of the Swedish public sector through its possibilities which has the potential to create digital innovations that could change how service, process, structure in public sector takes form in the future. The challenges identified in the study include problems with performance, lack of knowledge and experience and current legislation. Which currently prevents the blockchain’s potential to be able to create these innovations.

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Della, Valle Fabio. "Blockchain technology: driving innovation in the supply chain". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672999.

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This thesis presents a study of blockchain impacts for supply chain (SC) application. By conducting explorative research, the thesis presents a grounded theory analysis based on eighteen interviews with international experts from different fields such as academics, business and institutional representatives. The study is divided into four phases: the first phase begins with the analysis and identification of the type of innovation for blockchain in SC; the second phase analyzes the effective combination between blockchain technologies and SC management processes; the third phase introduces the major influences affecting SC operations for a blockchain transition in SC; and the fourth one presents a use case. The research results show that blockchain for SC presents all features to be a sustaining innovation rather than disruptive. However, results confirmed that SCs appear to be one of the most prominent fields of application for blockchain, and a blockchain-based SC fits in supplier relationship management processes and financial business units. Lastly, to mitigate risks, the analysis also identified elements that may support digital transition procedures in SCs. The thesis concludes by merging all results found and provides suggestions for future research perspectives.
Aquesta tesi presenta un estudi de l’impacte de blockchain en las eva aplicació a les cadenes de subministrament (supply-chain o SC). Mitjançant la realització d’una recerca exploratòria la tesi presenta una anàlisi fonamentada en divuit entrevistes amb experts internacionals de diferents camps, com ara representants acadèmics, empresarials i institucionals. La recerca es divideix en quatre fases: la primera fase comença amb l’anàlisi i la identificació del tipus d’innovació per a la blockchain a SC; la segona fase analitza la combinació efectiva entre les tecnologies de blockchain i els processos de gestió de SC; la tercera fase introdueix les principals influències que afecten les operacions de SC per a una transició blockchain a SC; i el quart presenta un cas d'ús concret. Els resultats de la investigació mostren que blockchain per a SC presenta totes les característiques d’una innovació evolutiva més que disruptiva. No obstant això, els resultats van confirmar que les SC són un dels camps d’aplicació amb més projecció per a blockchain i que una SC basada en blockchain s’adapta millor als processos de gestió de relacions amb proveïdors i a les unitats de negoci financeres. Finalment, per mitigar els riscos, l’anàlisi també va identificar elements que poden donar suport als procediments de transició digital en les SC. La tesi conclou presentant els resultats trobats i proporciona suggeriments per a futures perspectives de recerca.

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Levin, Sebastian y Samuel Dannegård. "Blockchain : Scammers, sinners and saints. Decisive factors in a blockchain adoption process". Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Fakulteten för ekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-22339.

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Blockchain technology brings new opportunities and has the ability to solve current flaws with our traditional central systems, still, blockchain is not a common practice. This thesis revolves around vital factors that affect the implementation of blockchain (BC) technology in modern business. By identifying the potential advantages for BC systems, we look at why BC systems are not commonly applied in organizations. There seem to be several factors within three categories; technological, organizational, and environmental (TOE) that serve as obstacles or opportunities for the modern business to adopt blockchain technology despite the apparent advantages that the innovation promotes. The purpose is to identify what factors from a TOE perspective play a decisive role in the adoption process of innovations, in this case, BC. The aim is to confirm factors from previous research and contribute with new factors within the TOE framework that can assist modern business in the adoption process. Empirical data of this thesis are derived from interviews from various organizations from different industries, which is analyzed by content analysis method. The main limitation of this thesis is the lack of knowledge regarding BC technology among employees of organizations. A significant challenge has been to find possible interview participants to collect data necessary for the research question. Despite that, we succeeded in collecting enough data to be able to answer our research question. This thesis confirms and contributes to new factors in the field of blockchain adoption in modern business.

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Fant, Gianluca <1991&gt. "Blockchain Technology. A disruptive innovation for finance and beyond". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/11470.

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In this work will be examined the main characteristics of blockchain technology and the cryptocurrencies ecosystem. In particular will be analyzed the state of the art of Bitcoin and its potentiality to create a decentralized financial system.

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Grau, Miró Josep. "Strategic innovation in financial sector: Blockchain and the case of Spanish banks". Thesis, KTH, Entreprenörskap och Innovation, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-189176.

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Dobrovnik, Mario, David Martin Herold, Elmar Wilhelm M. Fürst y Sebastian Kummer. "Blockchain for and in Logistics: What to Adopt and Where to Start". MDPI, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/logistics2030018.

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Despite the claim that blockchain will revolutionise business and redefine logistics, existing research so far is limited concerning frameworks that categorise blockchain application potentials and their implications. In particular, academic literature in transport and logistics to date has not sufficiently distinguished between blockchain adoption ('what to adopt') and the identification of the right business opportunity ('where to start'). In response, this paper (1) uses Rogers¿ (2003) 'attributes of innovation framework' to identify potential blockchain applications and (2) presents a framework explicating four transformation phases to subsequently categorise the identified areas of application according to their effects on organisational structures and processes. Using academic and practitioner literature, we classify possible applications for adoption and provide a framework to identify blockchain opportunities in the logistics industry, thereby helping managers to systematically assess where to start building organisational capabilities in order to successfully adopt and deploy blockchain-based technology.

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Roedenbeck, Charlotte y Jonatan Andom. "Finansiell innovation : En studie om digitalisering inom den finansiella sektorn". Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-35306.

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Utvecklingen av dagens teknik tilltar i en otrolig hastighet ochvärlden definieras mer och mer av globalisering, digitalisering,uppkoppling och omgående tillgång till information, produkter ochtjänster. Digitaliseringen har en stark inverkan på den finansiellasektorn då många produkter på den finansiella marknaden idag ärinformationsbaserade. Fintech skapar ett nytt paradigm därinformationsteknik fungerar som drivmedel och driver innovationinom finansbranschen. Fenomenet beskrivs som en “gamechanger”, disruptivt och antas bidra grundläggande förändringarinom traditionella finansiella marknaden. Blockchainteknologin ären av många Fintechinnovationer som har gjort avtryck påfinansiella aktörer världen över och sägs ha potential attrevolutionera den finansiella sektorn. Dock så är det fortfarande enrelativt outforskad teknologi.
The development of today's technology is increasing withincredible speed and the world is more and more defined byglobalization, digitization, connectivity and immediate access toinformation, products and services. Digitalization has a strongimpact on the financial sector, as many products in the financialmarket today are information-based. Fintech creates a newparadigm where information technology acts as a fuel and drivesinnovation in the financial industry. The phenomenon is describedas a "game changer", disruptive and supposed to contribute tofundamental changes in the traditional financial market. Theblockchain technology is one of many Fintech innovations that hasimpressed financial players worldwide and is said to have thepotential to revolutionize the financial sector. However, it is still arelatively unexplored technology.

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Libros sobre el tema "Blockchains – Innovation"

Morabito, Vincenzo. Business Innovation Through Blockchain. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48478-5.

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Hacioglu, Umit, ed. Blockchain Economics and Financial Market Innovation. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25275-5.

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Patnaik, Srikanta, Tao-Sheng Wang, Tao Shen y Sushanta Kumar Panigrahi, eds. Blockchain Technology and Innovations in Business Processes. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6470-7.

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Goundar, Sam y R. Anandan, eds. Integrating Blockchain and Artificial Intelligence for Industry 4.0 Innovations. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-35751-0.

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Himmer, Klaus. Blockchain-basiertes Fundraising als innovative Alternative der Unternehmensfinanzierung. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-26816-9.

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El Madhoun, Nour, Ioanna Dionysiou y Emmanuel Bertin, eds. Blockchain and Smart-Contract Technologies for Innovative Applications. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-50028-2.

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ėnt︠s︡iklopedii︠a︡", Assot︠s︡iat︠s︡ii︠a︡ "Rossiĭskai︠a︡ politicheskai︠a︡, ed. Tekhnoėkonomika: Komu i zachem nuzhen blokcheĭn? Moskva: ROSSPĖN, 2018.

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author, Low Linda, ed. Inclusive fintech: Blockchain, cryptocurrency and ICO. New Jersey: World Scientific, 2018.

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Kwak, Chin-yŏng. Pŭllok ch'ein kwa SNS hyŏngmyŏng: Modu ka chuin in SNS uri ka mandŭnŭn futurepia = Blockchain & SNS revolution. Sŏul-si: Hanol, 2019.

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author, Ch'oe Chae-yong y Yang Sŏng-gil author, eds. 4-ch'a sanŏp hyŏngmyŏng why?: Industry 4.0. Sŏul T'ŭkpyŏlsi: Han'guk Kyŏngje Sinmun i, 2018.

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Blockchains – Innovation"

Junejo, Aisha Zahid, Mehak Maqbool Memon, Mohammed Ali Junejo, Shahnawaz Talpur y Raheel Maqbool Memon. "Blockchains Technology Analysis: Applications, Current Trends and Future Directions—An Overview". En Intelligent Computing and Innovation on Data Science, 411–19. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3284-9_47.

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Zarkadakis, George. "The Internet Is Dead: Long Live the Internet". En Perspectives on Digital Humanism, 47–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86144-5_7.

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AbstractSocial exclusion, data exploitation, surveillance, and economic inequality on the web are mainly technological problems. The current web of centralized social media clouds delivers by design a winner-takes-all digital economy that stifles innovation and exacerbates power asymmetries between citizens, governments, and technology oligopolies. To fix the digital economy, we need a new, decentralized web where citizens are empowered to own their data, participate in disintermediated peer-to-peer marketplaces, and influence policy-making decisions by means of innovative applications of participatory and deliberative democracy. By reimagining “web 3.0” as a cloud commonwealth of networked virtual machines leveraging blockchains and sharing code, it is possible to design new digital business models where all stakeholders and participants, including users, can share the bounty of the Fourth Industrial Revolution fairly.

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Bheemaiah, Kariappa. "Innovating Capitalism". En The Blockchain Alternative, 83–154. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-2674-2_3.

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Morabito, Vincenzo. "Blockchain Governance". En Business Innovation Through Blockchain, 41–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48478-5_3.

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Morabito, Vincenzo. "Blockchain Practices". En Business Innovation Through Blockchain, 145–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48478-5_8.

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Meinel, Christoph y Tatiana Gayvoronskaya. "Wo endet der Hype, wo beginnt die Innovation der Blockchain-Technologie?" En Blockchain, 39–79. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-61916-2_4.

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Vats, Ritu y Reeta. "Transforming Waste Management Practices Through Blockchain Innovations". En Blockchain Transformations, 221–28. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-49593-9_13.

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Sen, Sandip y Aarohi Sen. "Blockchain". En Innovative Technologies for Future Living, 49–62. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003409557-6.

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Gayvoronskaya, Tatiana y Christoph Meinel. "Where Does the Hype End, and Where Does the Innovation of Blockchain Technology Begin?" En Blockchain, 35–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61559-8_4.

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Morabito, Vincenzo. "Blockchain Value System". En Business Innovation Through Blockchain, 21–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48478-5_2.

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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Blockchains – Innovation"

Lone, Auqib Hamid y Roohie Naaz. "Demystifying Cryptography behind Blockchains and a Vision for Post-Quantum Blockchains". En 2020 IEEE International Conference for Innovation in Technology (INOCON). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/inocon50539.2020.9298215.

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Sakız, Burcu y Ayşen Hiç Gencer. "Blockchain Beyond Cryptocurrency: Non-Fungible Tokens". En International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c13.02527.

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Blockchain technology is a disruptive innovation with the potential to replace existing business models that rely on centralized systems and third parties for trust. Even if there are a lot of application areas, blockchain used primarily for cryptocurrencies. Satoshi Nakamoto implemented the first blockchain application and invented the world’s first digital currency which is named as Bitcoin in 2008. Fundementally Bitcoin relies on cryptographic “proof of work” mechanism, digital signatures, and peer to peer distributed networking layer in order to provide a distributed ledger holding transactions. In 2014, a second generation of blockchains allow to program and execute them over distributed networks such as Ethereum project. The code to program any asset stored in blockchain’s peer-to-peer network is called as "smart contract" and smart contracts gives a powerful tool to developers for decentralized applications. There are various types of tokens that anyone can built on top of Ethereum and by combining smart contracts and new tokens, this paved the way of possibility to build a wide range of decentralized projects. One of the disruptive blockchain based innovation impacting intellectual property is called non-fungible-tokens or NFTs firstly introcuced in late 2017 on Ethereum network. This research contends that blockchain and non-fungible tokens (NFTs) which are cryptographically unique, scarce, non-replicable digital assets created through smart contracts and provably digital collectible assets. Our objective is to give NFT taxonomy, review NFT platforms and discuss technical challenges as well as recent advances in tackling the challenges. Moreover, this paper also aims to point out the future directions for NFT technology.

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Chhabra, Archana y Rahul Saha. "PAFAB: A Privacy Attainment Framework for Healthcare Blockchains". En 2024 IEEE International Conference on Interdisciplinary Approaches in Technology and Management for Social Innovation (IATMSI). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iatmsi60426.2024.10503326.

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Juszczyk, Oskar. "The Impact of Blockchain on Future Business Models within the Renewable Energy Sector". En 10th International Conference on Human Interaction and Emerging Technologies (IHIET 2023). AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004078.

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Blockchains, or distributed ledgers, are innovative information and communication technology (ICT) solutions that are emerging within various sectors and industries across the globe. This distributed ledger technology (DLT) is already widespread in certain sectors, mainly in the banking industry, often through corresponding banking, or syndicating and peer-to-peer (P2P) loans. Outstandingly, blockchain technology has the capability to enhance the transparency and authenticity of transactional processes throughout the whole supply chain. Another significant benefit that Blockchain technology provides, mainly coming from its transparent and decentralized nature, is the capability to decrease the information asymmetries among the collaborating partners. Through e.g. the digitalization of transactional mechanisms, decentralization of authority, Internet of Things (IoT) and asset management enabling as well as smart contracting, the improvement of the business's day-to-day operations is firmly forecasted. Importantly, the digitalization of the energy and other sectors will cause major alterations in current structures, and thus, it will require business model innovation. It is claimed that the decentralized nature of blockchain, mainly due to a reduction of middlemen could revolutionize current market structures and supply chains.Importantly, blockchain application is systematically growing across different industries, for instance in healthcare, voting systems, manufacturing, supply chain management, or luxury goods. It has also gained the attention of the energy industry, where digitalization is already visible in solutions such as smart meters and smart grids, electric e-mobility, vehicle-to-grid (V2G), energy cryptocurrencies and tokens, etc. This has resulted in the introduction of a novel concept of the Internet of Energy (IoE) in the academic literature. This literature analysis serves to determine the impact of blockchain on the imminent business models based on the renewable energy sector. The outcomes of this curiosity study provide numerous theoretical and managerial implications that can foster the widespread blockchain technology diffusion in global energy systems.

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Wright, Steven A. "Technical and Legal Challenges for Healthcare Blockchains and Smart Contracts". En 2019 ITU Kaleidoscope: ICT for Health: Networks, Standards and Innovation (ITU K). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/ituk48006.2019.8996146.

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Kadry, Heba Ahmed. "Carbon Footprint Management Using Blockchain". En ADIPEC. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/210930-ms.

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Abstract There is a broad consensus that greenhouse gas emissions management requires coordinated efforts and collaboration in all sectors and at all levels of an organization or within the value chain. However, potential conflicts of interest and lack of trust between stakeholders make this collaboration extremely challenging. Blockchain has opened the door for a series of innovative applications that can propose an efficient carbon footprint traceability and management solution. Blockchain is a distributed secure database, called a ledger, among different parties, used to hold and verify tamper-proof records or transactions without the need to trust any participant of this process except the mechanism. In the race to net zero, the need for an advanced information and communication technology has become vital to global climate change management with increased digitalization, decarbonization, security, and decentralization challenges. Blockchain is proposed as an integrated platform for various applications, such as carbon traceability, carbon trading, certification, and value chain management. This work presents an overview of blockchain technology and its working principles. It describes blockchain's novelty and innovation to the industry and climate action. Also, the paper investigates blockchain's potential for carbon footprint traceability and management. It explores the latest use cases and the current challenges. It concludes that enabling innovation for climate action requires digging further into evolving disruptive technologies such as blockchain.

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Saxon, Richard. "Digital Twins and Blockchain: How an Alternative Built Environment Business Model can be Enabled by Tokenisation". En Construction Blockchain Conference 2021. Design Computation, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47330/cbc.2021.icig6629.

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Construction today is poised between a failing business model and possibly successful future ones. Using the Three Horizons approach to transformative innovation (ref 1) one can say that the first horizon, the present, is characterised by transactional approaches to procurement, cost-driven purchasing, low margins, weak productivity and innovation, poor quality and the treatment of natural, social and human capital as externalities. The second horizon consists of innovations which can improve the first one or become bridges to a third horizon of transformed approaches. Elements already visible in the second horizon include a new awareness of the outcome value of assets, rising desire and ability to embrace natural, social and human capital factors, increasing interest in collaboration and partnership, industrialisation of building production, digital information management and the addition of ‘smart’ sensors and analytics to the built asset. The Grenfell Tower disaster has also set in train a major realignment of regulation, requiring long-term asset information retention to allow safer stewardship of buildings. The digital twin concept is a third horizon idea which may result.

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Nguyen, Phan-Anh Huy y Huyen Ha. "Evaluate Blockchain – Based Marketing Platforms by AHP Topsis Approach". En 5th International Conference on NLP & Information Retrieval. Academy & Industry Research Collaboration Center, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/csit.2024.140609.

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This paper delves into the profound influence of blockchain on the field of marketing, an arena that has undergone significant transformation in the wake of the digital revolution. The amalgamation of digital and physical domains has given rise to a dynamic and intensely competitive environment for marketers, prompting a reevaluation of strategies and tools. Despite the promising prospects, the research landscape surrounding blockchain-based marketing platforms remains in its nascent stages. This paper seeks to bridge this gap by identifying crucial criteria for evaluating such platforms, transcending conventional measures. The study employs the AHP-TOPSIS approach, a hybrid methodology combining the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) with the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). The overarching objectives encompass the identification, evaluation, and ranking of criteria and sub-criteria pertinent to blockchainbased marketing platform. This paper contributes not only a comprehensive overview of blockchain's distinctive features and its potential applications in marketing but also presents a systematic framework for platform selection. By emphasizing criteria beyond traditional financial metrics, the study addresses a critical void in the current literature, providing valuable insights for marketers, researchers, and practitioners navigating the dynamic intersection of blockchain and marketing. In conclusion, this research illuminates the transformative potential of blockchain technology in marketing, offering practical guidance to industry stakeholders in a landscape increasingly shaped by digital innovation and competition.

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Sun, Laibing. "The innovative development of blockchain technology in the insurance industry and its practice in China". En Sustainable and Innovative Development in the Global Digital Age. Dela Press Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56199/dpcsebm.kcxb6370.

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Since its inception in 2008, blockchain technology has been one of the most sought-after technologies in the financial technology field in the past five years. Not only financial companies, but also many industries, think tanks and regulators are paying close attention to blockchain technology, and have been studying and exploring the value and potential risks it brings. There is no doubt that the core advantages of blockchain technology such as decentralization, smart contracts, high efficiency, openness and transparency will provide an important impetus for the innovation and development of the financial industry, especially the insurance industry. This article sorts out some literature related to the domestic insurance industry and blockchain technology in recent years, summarizes the innovative role of blockchain technology in the insurance industry, sorts out the existing practical activities of blockchain technology in China, and discusses its future The development trend is prospected.

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Ahram, Tareq, Arman Sargolzaei, Saman Sargolzaei, Jeff Daniels y Ben Amaba. "Blockchain technology innovations". En 2017 IEEE Technology & Engineering Management Conference (TEMSCON). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/temscon.2017.7998367.

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Informes sobre el tema "Blockchains – Innovation"

Mankar, Aditya y Forouzan Golshani. The Transportation Sector, Cap-and-Trade and Blockchain: A Carbon Credit Trading Platform. Mineta Transportation Institute, marzo de 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2024.2329.

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This study offers a solution that facilitates direct trading of carbon credits with no intermediaries by using blockchain technology aligned with the cap-and-trade system. With this solution, along with other major transformations in the industry, the transportation sector can take more ownership of emissions and mitigate the impact of its role as the largest contributor of greenhouse gasses. The solution sits at the confluence of the Cap-and-Trade initiative, carbon credit trading, and blockchain technology. Although the concept of blockchains has been the subject of significant curiosity, scrutiny, boosterism, investment, criticism, it most importantly is at the core of useful, rapidly growing innovations. The technology is critical because it removes the need for costly intermediaries for the successful functioning of complex systems. More specifically, the technology has demonstrated that value and asset trading can take place securely and meticulously in the absence of middlemen such as financial intermediaries and other brokers. This study shows how a democratized trading system for carbon credit trade can be constructed in which the parties conduct trades directly, with no third-party involvement, speeding up the process and potentially making it more secure and efficient. This intersection of cap-and-trade and blockchain may increase global participation in peer-to-peer exchange, which will help increase universal participation in carbon offset credits trading and allow the transportation sector to contribute actively to both short- and long-term climate change solutions.

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Gupta, Ravi y Ignacio L. De León. The Impact of Digital Innovation and Blockchain on the Music Industry. Inter-American Development Bank, noviembre de 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0007978.

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Analogous to the emergence of the internet, the introduction of blockchain technology augurs disruptive change to the music industry. Though in its infancy, the technology presents interesting policy issues related to registering and monetizing intellectual property, policing piracy, and creating and executing more flexible contracts between and among members in the music supply chain, among others. This paper assesses the ability of the distributed ledger technology to steer the industry toward a distributed model and its potential to drastically alter the entire music supply chain. It initiates a conversation about policy implications and how policymakers might address the issues related to adopting blockchain technology, including designing policies that support an environment that enables the well-deserved compensation of artists.

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De León, Ignacio y Ravi Gupta. The Impact of Digital Innovation and Blockchain on the Music Industry. Inter-American Development Bank, noviembre de 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0000881.

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Riggs, William, Vipul Vyas y Menka Sethi. Blockchain and Distributed Autonomous Community Ecosystems: Opportunities to Democratize Finance and Delivery of Transport, Housing, Urban Greening and Community Infrastructure. Mineta Transportation Institute, julio de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.2165.

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This report investigates and develops specifications for using blockchain and distributed organizations to enable decentralized delivery and finance of urban infrastructure. The project explores use cases, including: providing urban greening, street or transit infrastructure; services for street beautification, cleaning and weed or graffiti abatement; potential ways of resource allocation ADU; permitting and land allocation; and homeless housing. It establishes a general process flow for this blockchain architecture, which involves: 1) the creation of blocks (transactions); 2) sending these blocks to nodes (users) on the network for an action (mining) and then validation that that action has taken place; and 3) then adding the block to the blockchain. These processes involve the potential for creating new economic value for cities and neighborhoods through proof-of-work, which can be issued through a token (possibly a graphic non-fungible token), certificate, or possible financial reward. We find that encouraging trading of assets at the local level can enable the creation of value that could be translated into sustainable “mining actions” that could eventually provide the economic backstop and basis for new local investment mechanisms or currencies (e.g., local cryptocurrency). These processes also provide an innovative local, distributed funding mechanism for transportation, housing and other civic infrastructure.

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Solovyanenko, Nina I. Legal features of innovative (digital) entrepreneurship in the agricultural and food sector. DOI CODE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/0131-5226-2021-70008.

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Modern agricultural production and food trade are involved in the process of digital transformation, which is a cardinal factor of sustainable development and is carried out on the basis of IT platforms, the Internet of Things, cloud computing, big data, artificial intelligence, blockchain technologies. The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the dependence of these sectors of the economy on information and communication technology infrastructure and services. At the same time, the slow updating of legislation, which lags behind the constantly improving digital technologies, not only hinders their implementation, but also is a source of a number of social and legal problems. A modern regulatory framework based on digital strategies should strengthen "smart agriculture". In Russia, the legal mechanism of digital transformation and development of the national platform "Digital Agriculture" should be supported by updated basic legislation.

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Canto, Patricia, ed. The role of vocational training knowledge intensive business services. (Main conclusions). Universidad de Deusto, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18543/vyqr9353.

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In the global economic model, the service sector continues to gain ground on the manufacturing sector and trends such as the integration of new technologies into production processes are advancing inexorably. Advanced economies are pushed to specialise, supported by their regional innovation systems, and cities are emerging as key and strategic centres of activity. In this context, Knowledge Intensive Business Services (KIBS) are presented as critical due to their capacity to promote innovation within the regional productive fabric and smart specialisation strategies, the promotion of advanced manufacturing, the generation of quality employment and the stimulation of economic growth, especially in urban environments. This is why many cities, prioritizing KIBS to stimulate their economy, need to create and retain talent for this sort of industry. Likewise, vocational and education training (VET) systems, such as the Basque VET system, have so far developed their greatest strengths in the field of manufacturing knowledge. Due to this, VET seems to be obliged to adapt to this new scenario, in which KIBS and cities stand out, in order to continue to maintain their level of excellence. KIBS have been extensively examined, but until now no one had posed the following questions: What is the role of vocational training in KIBS? To what extent are VET profiles (and will VET profiles be) relevant in KIBS? This study will show an emerging trend in the labour market. This is the growing relevance of technology profiles with VET background in KIBS, especially in technology-based KIBS. VET technology profiles can be consolidated as one of the main implementing agents of the digital transformation (cybersecurity, blockchain, cloud computing, UX design, artificial intelligence, scientific computing...). To this end, hybridisation with other fields of knowledge but also with studies of other kinds such as university studies may be essential.

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