Literatura académica sobre el tema "Black Clover"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Black Clover"
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Chase, Carlene A. y Odemari S. Mbuya. "(342) Cool-season Living Mulchesfor Florida". HortScience 40, n.º 4 (julio de 2005): 1024D—1024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.4.1024d.
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Living mulches between beds of polyethylene-mulched vegetable crops may suppress weeds and decrease surface and ground water contamination by pesticides. They should be either low growing or amenable to mowing and should withstand traffic. Twelve winter cover crops were planted in north (N.) and north central (N.C.) Florida in Fall 2004: black oats (Avena strigosa cv. Soilsaver), annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum cv. Gulf), rye (Secale cereale cv. Wrens Abruzzi), hard fescue (Festuca longifolia cv. Oxford), white clover (Trifolium repens cvs. Dutch white and New Zealand white), berseem clover (T. alexandrinum cv. Bigbee), crimson clover (T. incarnatum cv. Dixie), subterranean clover (T. subterraneum cv. Mt. Barker), arrowleaf clover (T. vesiculosum cv. Yuchi), a barrel medic (Medicago trunculata cv. Parabinga), and a disc × strand medic (M. tornata × M. littoralis cv. Toreador). Black oats, rye, and annual ryegrass established quickly and suppressed winter annual weeds. Canopy development of the other species was poor. Shoot biomass was greater in N. Florida than in N.C. Florida. The highest shoot biomass occurred with black oats. By 8 weeks after planting (WAP) rye and annual ryegrass had similar amounts of biomass, but by 16 WAP the yield of rye was greater. At some harvests, biomass with wheel traffic or mowing was lower than without, but black oats, rye, and ryegrass did not succumb to these treatments. Of the legumes, only crimson clover and `Toreador' medic in N. Florida produced sufficient biomass by 16 WAP to permit a harvest. Black oats, rye, and annual ryegrass appear to be the best living mulch candidates; however, black oats would require more frequent mowing.
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Clark, S. G., J. Li, A. M. Johnson, G. N. Ward y J. F. Chin. "Long-term persistence of subterranean clover Trifolium subterraneum L.) cultivars at three sites in south-western Victoria". Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 37, n.º 5 (1997): 531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea97012.
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Summary. The seed banks of 6 subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) cultivars were sampled at 3 abandoned cultivar evaluation experiments in south-western Victoria (Hamilton, Macarthur and Timboon). Two were var. yanninicum (Trikkala and Larisa) and 4 were var. subterraneum (Denmark, Goulburn, Karridale and Leura). Seed was sampled in late summer–early autumn 1993, between 6 and 10 years after the sites were established and between 3 and 7 years after the sites were abandoned. The collected seed was separated into black and white seed, and a sample of the black seed was grown in a glasshouse and identified as either belonging to the sown cultivar or belonging to another cultivar/genotype. All white seed was assumed to belong to the sown cultivar. The aim was to determine if these widely used cultivars were persisting under farm management conditions and competition from perennial grass, other subterranean clover and annual weeds. With some variation between sites all cultivars were found to be persisting satisfactorily. Over the 3 sites, white-seeded cultivars averaged 460 kg/ha and 6640 seeds/m2; black-seeded cultivars averaged 260 kg/ha and 5590 seeds/m2. Contamination with other subterranean clover cultivars/ecotypes was generally low, except at Macarthur where the white-seeded cultivars were heavily contaminated (Trikkala 39% pure; Larisa 57% pure) with black seeds highlighting the poor adaptation of var. yanninicum to light soil types. Of the black seeds, over the 3 sites, average contamination level was 13% and ranged from 41% (Goulburn at Macarthur) to 1% (Leura at Timboon). The study indicates that in south-western Victoria, all the recently released cultivars are likely to persist and be productive, and that the small-plot evaluation techniques used to identify potential new cultivars are likely to be adequate if replicated in space and if the clovers are sown in mixed swards with perennial grass.
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BARRETA, DANIEL AUGUSTO, DILMAR BARETTA, FLÁVIO JOSÉ SIMIONI y LUIZ ALBERTO NOTTAR. "ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF MAIZE GROWN UNDER INCREASING NITROGEN DOSES IN SUCCESSION TO INTERCROPPED PASTURES". Revista Brasileira de Milho e Sorgo 19 (16 de noviembre de 2020): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.18512/rbms2020v19e1137.
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The aim of this work was to carry out an economic analysis of production systems with the use of cold season pastures followed by maize cultivation with surface application of increasing doses of nitrogen fertilizer. The treatments were: black oat + 200 kg of N ha-1 (Bo+N); black oat + white clover (Bo+Wc); black oat + vetch (Bo+Ve); black oat + red clover (Bo+Rc); and black oat + forage peanut (Bo+Fp). Experimental randomized block design was used, with four replications. The forage species were evaluated as to dry matter production, chemical-bromatological composition, estimated milk production (kg ha-1) and gross income (R$ ha-1). Maize was cultivated in succession, with doses of 0, 100 and 200 kg of N ha-1, in a split-plot design. Among the profitability indices evaluated, the gross margin (R$ ha-1) stands outs. The data were submitted to analysis of variance and the means were compared through Tukey's test at 5% probability. In the pasture phase, the Bo+N treatment presented higher gross income. In the cropping phase, the gross margin was higher in the Bo+Ve treatment, but it did not differ from the Bo+N treatment. In terms of system, the best economic result was obtained with the Bo+N treatment.
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Сапрыкин, Сергей, Sergey Saprykin, Иосиф Иванов, Iosif Ivanov, Раиса Лабинская, Raisa Labinskaya, Наталья Сапрыкина et al. "MEADOW CLOVER SELECTION FOR THE CONDITIONS OF SOUTH FOREST-STEPPE AND FLOODPLAIN THE CENTRAL BLACK EARTH REGION". Adaptive Fodder Production 2019, n.º 3 (5 de septiembre de 2019): 55–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/afp-2222-5366-2019-3-55-70.
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For forage production of the Central Black-Earth Region clover is important. This crop can be effectively used in field crop rotations, to improve natural forage lands and to create cultural hayfields and pastures. Clover meadow has high feed advantages, allowing to fill the protein deficiency, is able to produce good yields, better than alfalfa grows on slightly acidic soils. For the most complete realization of the potential of clover it is necessary to create high-yielding two-cut varieties of meadow clover, which have good winter hardiness and drought resistance, have time to ripen for seeds in the second mowing and adapted to the soil and climatic conditions of the region. The article presents the results of more than 10 years of selection work to create a new variety of meadow clover Voronezhskiy. The variety was created by the method of polycross progeny of the best varieties of populations with a heterogeneous genetic nature, with high and stable heterosis, which were isolated from promising collection samples, followed by biotypic selection. The characteristics of the variety are given and the test results are given at in State varietal plots in a number of regions of the Central Black Earth Region. The new variety is better adapted to the changing climatic conditions of the region. In 2015, the Voronezhskiy clover variety was included in the State Register for the Central Black Earth (5) Region. Testing continues in the Volga-Vyatka and Middle Volga regions.
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Bozhanska, Tatyana, Tsvetoslav Mihovski, Galina Naydenova, Daniela Knotová y Jan Pelikán. "Comparative studies of annual legumes". Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 32, n.º 3 (2016): 311–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah1603311b.
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The aim of present study was to get comparative data on forage productivity and quality of forage of Checz cultivars of legumes in the conditions of Northern Bulgaria and respectively to select species and genotypes with the potential for successful introduction in the structure of forage production in Bulgaria. Five species of forage crops were observed and the respective cultivars: Egyptian clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.), cv. Faraon; crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.), cv. Kardinal; annual bird's-foot-trefoil (Lotus ornithopoides L.) cv. Junak; black medick (Medicago lupulina L.) cv. Ekola and white melilot (Melilotus albus L.), cv. Adela. The studied legumes differed significantly in their fodder productivity. They are ranked in the following order of DM yield: white melilot - black medick - annual bird's-foot-trefoil - Egyptian clover - crimson clover. The productivity and participation of Egyptian clover and crimson clover in grasslands varied significantly in years. The biomass of crimson clover had the highest content of crude protein (15.24%) and the lowest of crude fiber (21.69%) and no digestible components. According to the comprehensive evaluation of data on productivity and forage quality of studied annual legumes, black medick could be defined as the species with the highest potential for cultivation in the conditions of the Central Northern Bulgaria. It is characterised by high productivity of green mass and dry matter, it has regrowing ability, it is distinguished by a high content of crude protein (14.92%) and crude fat (4.66%), optimal content of neutral and acid detergent fibers (34.67 and 24.99%) and with high levels of hemicellulose content (9.68%). Energy value of forage of that species, assessed by means of feed unit of milk (FUM) and growth (FUG) was assessed as very high (FUM - 0.69/kg DM and FUG - 0.63/kg DM).
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Adami, Marcia Fernanda Franchin, Alcir José Modolo, Paulo Fernando Adami, Christiano Santos Rocha Pitta, Eduardo Roncatto, Vanderson Vieira Batista y Luis Cesar Cassol. "Corn Yield Intercropped With White Clover as Living Mulch". Journal of Agricultural Science 11, n.º 2 (15 de enero de 2019): 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v11n2p276.
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Brazil southern region edaphoclimatic conditions allow farmers to grow perennial winter legumes. However, at summer, a seasonality occurs in the production of these species allowing the grown of annual crops such as corn. In this way, interference between white clover (Trifolium repens L.) living mulch and corn crop (Zea mays L.) was studied using a clover sward established after one and two growing season in relation to the usual system of corn grown over black oat straw aiming to study the relationships occurring in this intercrop, such as white clover herbicide suppression, competition and its nitrogen effects on corn yield as well as its potential to became perennial after corn harvest. White clover suppression management was established in the main plots and corn nitrogen fertilization (0, 60, 120, 180 kg ha-1) was performed in the subplots (4.2 × 8 m) in a randomized block design with four replications. White clover suppression managements were: (i) partial suppression achieved by mowing the plots at the corn seeding day; (ii) partial suppression achieved by mowing plus chemically broadcast application of 2.4-D; (iii) partial suppression achieved by a chemically broadcast application of glyphosate. Corn grain yields ranged from 3.0 to 12.2 Mg ha-1. Nitrogen input and herbicide management are important elements to reduce white clover competition and increase corn yield. It is possible to manage white clover as living mulch in corn with its full recovery after corn harvest without replanting. Clover with 1 cycle is easier suppressed than perennial clover sward and can be handled in intercropping with corn without affecting grain yield, with ability to resume growth in the next growing season.
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Gerard, P. J., K. R. Carswell y T. M. Eden. "Effect of black legume aphid Aphis craccivora honeydew on survival of the parasitoid Microctonus aethiopoides". New Zealand Plant Protection 66 (8 de enero de 2013): 153–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2013.66.5578.
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The introduced parasitoid Microctonus aethiopoides (Hymenoptera Braconidae) appears to be an effective biocontrol agent for clover root weevil Sitona lepidus Gyllenhal (Coleoptera Curculionidae) in New Zealand pastures As these pastures lack accessible nectar sources hemipteran honeydew may be the most readily available energy source for the parasitoid Experiments were undertaken to compare longevity of newly emerged M aethiopoides adults caged on white clover firstly with and without black legume aphid Aphis craccivora Kock (Hemiptera Aphididae) and then with additional water and sucrose solution treatments Parasitoids with access to aphid honeydew lived significantly longer (mean longevity 81 days) than those with water or no liquid (both 68 days) but not as long as those fed sucrose solution (109 days) Therefore the abundance of aphids commonly present on clovers may enhance M aethiopoides longevity and therefore efficacy in the field especially in mid spring when host availability is very low
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Putri, Syahri ramadhani Dwi y Damai Yani. "ANALISIS JOSHI “NONI” DALAM MANGA BLACK CLOVER VOLUME 1-10 KARYA YUKI TABATA (KAJIAN STRUKTUR DAN MAKNA)". Omiyage : Jurnal Bahasa dan Pembelajaran Bahasa Jepang 3, n.º 2 (11 de diciembre de 2020): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/omg.v3i2.191.
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Abstrak Ramadhani, Syahri. 2020. “Analisis Joshi “noni” dalam Manga Black Clover Volume 1-10 Karya Yuki Tabata (Kajian Struktur dan Makna)”. Skripsi. Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Jepang. Jurusan Bahasa dan Sastra Inggris. Fakultas Bahasa dan Seni. Universitas Negeri Padang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur dan makna dari joshi “noni” dalam manga Black Clover Volume 1-10 karya Yuki Tabata. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif analisis. Data dalam penelitian ini adalah kalimat yang menggunakan joshi “noni” dalam manga Black Clover Volume 1-10 tahun 2018 karya Yuki Tabata sebanyak 54 kalimat. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, ditemukan semua makna joshi “noni” berdasarkan 3 struktur pada teori joshi “noni” yang digunakan. Joshi “noni” yang berada diantara dua klausa dengan makna yang menunjukkan penyebab atau faktor yang berkebalikan/ berlawanan ditemukan 4 kalimat, makna yang menunjukkan hubungan yang berlawanan, kontras, dan perbandingan ditemukan 7 kalimat, makna yang menunjukkan hal yang tak terduga ditemukan 4 kalimat, joshi “noni” yang berada di akhir kalimat dengan makna menunjukkan perasaan tidak puas atau perasaan kecewa dan penyesalan atas terjadinya suatu hal yang tidak sesuai dengan harapan ditemukan 37 kalimat, dan joshi “noni” yang berada sebelum verba bentuk kamus yang menunjukkan makna “untuk...” atau sebuah tujuan ditemukan 2 kalimat.Kata Kunci: Analisis, Joshi noni Abstract The study aims to find out the structure and meaning of joshi "noni" in the Black Clover manga volumes 1 to 10 by Yuki Tabata. This type of research is qualitative research using descriptive methods of analysis. Data in this study is a sentence using joshi "noni" in the Black Clover manga volume 1 to 10 years 2018 by Yuki Tabata as many as 54 sentences. Based on the research, it has found all of meaning joshi "noni" based on the 3 structures in joshi "noni" theory used. Joshi "noni" in between two clauses with a meaning that indicates opposite causes or factors is found 4 sentences, a meaning that indicates opposite relationships, contrasts, and comparisons is found 7 sentences, meaning that suggests the unexpected is found 4 sentences, joshi "noni" at the end of a sentence with a sense of discontent or disappointment and regret for something that does not fit expectations is found 37 sentences, and joshi "noni" before a dictionary verb that indicates a sense of usefulness or purpose is found 2 sentences.Keywords: Analysis, Joshi noni
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Abdul-Baki, Aref A. y John R. Teasdale. "WINTER ANNUAL LEGUMES AND GRASSES AS MULCHES FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION OF FRESH-MARKET TOMATOES". HortScience 28, n.º 5 (mayo de 1993): 552b—552. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.28.5.552b.
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Hairy vetch, crimson clover, and rye, separately or in combination, were grown in the fall as cover crops and mowed in the spring to form an organic mulch in a no-tillage sustainable agricultural system for production of fresh-market tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill, cv `Sunny'). Fruiting earliness, yield, and size were compared between the organic mulch treatments and those under bare soil, paper and black polyethylene mulches. Fruiting was about 9-10 days earlier under black polyethylene mulch than all other treatments. Total marketable yields (t·ha-1) under the mulch treatments were: hairy vetch, 85; hairy vetch plus rye, 69; crimson clover, 66; black polyethylene, 44; bare soil, 36; and Horto paper, 30. Average fruit size was significantly larger in all organic mulch treatments than in bare soil, Horto paper, and black polyethylene mulches. Early growth of tomato plants was highest with plastic but subsequent growth was highest with hairy vetch. Superior vigor with hairy vetch was probably the result of higher nitrogen concentration of vetch residue relative to the other cover crops.
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Popay, A., S. Marshall y J. Baltus. "Endophyte infection influences disappearance of perennial ryegrass seed". New Zealand Plant Protection 53 (1 de agosto de 2000): 398–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2000.53.3653.
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bare ground was compared with that of seed infected by the fungal endophyte Neotyphodium lolii in four field trials One trial included clover seed and two trials contained seed infected with two different endophytes Infection with either endophyte significantly reduced seed disappearance and increased survival of seed to germination Clover seed disappeared at a similar rate to endophytefree ryegrass seed Bird netting reduced seed disappearance of all treatments but in most cases not significantly so Feeding by black field cricket nymphs and adults small field cricket adults and black beetle adults on ungerminated and newly germinated endophyteinfected and endophytefree seed was tested in the laboratory It was concluded that none of these insects caused the differences in seed disappearance observed in the field
Tesis sobre el tema "Black Clover"
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Gerdes, Luciana. "Introdução de uma mistura de três espécies forrageiras de inverno em pastagem irrigada de capim-aruana". Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11139/tde-05012004-153828/.
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No Instituto de Zootecnia, Nova Odessa, SP, em uma pastagem de capim-aruana (Panicum maximum Jacq. cv. Aruana) utilizada com ovinos em sistema intensivo de produção (irrigação, adubação e lotação rotacionada), foram sobre-semeadas as espécies forrageiras de inverno: aveia preta (Avena strigosa Schreb cv. Comum), azevém anual (Lolium multiflorum Lam. cv. Comum) e trevo branco (Trifolium repens L. cv. Zapicán) com o objetivo de suprir o déficit e melhorar o valor nutritivo da forragem no período crítico do ano. A sobre-semeadura foi efetuada em 14/04/00 e 07/06/01 no primeiro e segundo anos do experimento, respectivamente. Nos dois anos (14/04/00 a 18/01/01 e 07/06/01 a 22/02/02) foram avaliados, em seis períodos de pastejo: massa total de forragem pré-pastejo, sua composição botânica e porcentagem de lâminas foliares, massa de forragem pós-pastejo, acúmulo de forragem (AF) e taxa média diária de acúmulo de forragem (TMDAF) em cada período de rebrotação, altura do dossel forrageiro pré e pós-pastejo, características químicas: proteína bruta (PB), fibra em detergente neutro (FDN), fibra em detergente ácido (FDA), lignina e digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca (DIVMS), nas amostras da massa total de forragem e nas dos componentes botânicos (aruana, aveia preta e azevém) pré-pastejo. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos completos casualizados (quatro), com duas repetições dentro do bloco e dois tratamentos: 1) capim-aruana exclusivo (AE) e 2) sobre-semeadura da mistura das três espécies forrageiras de inverno (MFI). Os blocos eram pastejados pelo mesmo lote de animais, em sequência, por dois a três dias, até atingir 10 a 15 cm. O trevo-branco não se estabeleceu em ambos os anos. No primeiro ano, a pastagem MFI apresentou maior massa total de forragem do que a pastagem AE no segundo período e na média dos seis períodos. A aveia apresentou a maior contribuição no segundo período e o azevém no terceiro. As pastagens com a MFI apresentaram maiores AF e TMDAF que as pastagens de AE no segundo, quinto e na média dos seis períodos. A PB da forragem na pastagem de capim-aruana exclusivo foi maior em relação à sobre-semeada no terceiro período de pastejo e semelhante nos demais. A PB dos componentes aveia e azevém, no terceiro período, foi menor em relação aos do primeiro e segundo. FDN, FDA e lignina da forragem no tratamento exclusivo foram mais elevados em relação aos do tratamento sobre-semeado, na média dos seis períodos. Aveia e azevém apresentaram FDN mais baixos nos períodos iniciais de crescimento, com aumento no último. A digestibilidade da forragem foi semelhante nos dois tratamentos, em todos os períodos de avaliação. No segundo ano, a massa total de forragem apresentou quantidades semelhantes entre as duas pastagens ao longo dos seis períodos e na sua média. A aveia esteve mais presente no primeiro período e o azevém no terceiro. Não houve diferença entre tipos de pastagem para AF e TMDAF em nenhum dos seis períodos, nem na sua média. Para o componente aruana a porcentagem de lâminas foi semelhante entre os dois tipos de pastagem e para a aveia e azevém, as menores porcentagens ocorreram no período final dos seus ciclos vegetativos, em ambos os anos. O teor de PB da massa total de forragem da pastagem de capim-aruana exclusivo foi maior que o da pastagem sobre-semeada, no quarto período mas semelhante nos demais e na média dos períodos. Os teores de PB da aveia e do azevém decresceram ao longo dos períodos de pastejo. Os teores de FDN, FDA, lignina e DIVMS da forragem foram semelhantes entre as duas pastagens na média e ao longo dos seis períodos, exceto para FDN no segundo período. A aveia e o azevém apresentaram os maiores teores de FDN, FDA e lignina no último período de pastejo. A DIVMS do azevém manteve-se constante nos dois primeiros períodos de pastejo diminuindo no último. Pastos de capim-aruana convenientemente adubados e irrigados, que recebam sobre-semeadura com espécies forrageiras de inverno, produzem mais forragem no período crítico mas com valor nutritivo semelhante em relação a pastos não sobre-semeados, nas condições do Estado de São Paulo. Pastos deste capim, não sobre-semeados, mas que recebam adubação e irrigação também apresentam boa produção e valor nutritivo nesta época.At Instituto de Zootecnia, Nova Odessa, SP, in a pasture of aruanagrass (Panicum maximum Jacq. cv. Aruana), grazed by sheep in an intensive production system (irrigation, fertilization and rotational stocking), it was introduced a three winter forage species: black oat (Avena strigosa Schreb. cv. Common), italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam. cv. Common) and white clover (Trifolium repens L. cv. Zapican) with the objective of increasing the forage supply and its nutritive value during the dry winter period. The mixture was broadcasted sown over the grass on 04-14-00 and 06-07-01 in two years of experiment. From 04-14-00 to 01-18-01 and 06-07-01 to 02-22-02 it was evaluated, in six annual grazing periods, the forage mass, its botanical composition and leaf blades percentage pre grazing, residual mass post grazing, forage accumulation (FA) and mean forage accumulation daily rate (MFADR) in each regrowth period and sward heigth pre and post grazing, the chemical characteristics: crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), lignin and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) in the forage on offer and in its botanical components. The experimental design was a completely randomized block (four) with two replications within the block. The treatments were: 1) grass alone and 2) the grass oversown with the mixture of the winter forages. The blocks were grazed by the same group of sheep in sequence for two or three days until the sward height reached to 10-15 cm. The white clover did not establish. In the first year the oversown treatment presented higher total forage mass than the control in the second periods and in the mean of the six periods. The black oat presented higher contribution in the second period and italian ryegrass in the third. The oversown pastures presented higher FA and MFADR than the single aruanagrass pastures, in the second, fifth and in the mean of the six periods. The CP in the forage from the grass pasture alone was greater than the one of the oversown pasture in the third period, and similar in the others. Oat and ryegrass CP was lower in the third period than the ones of the first and second ones. NDF, ADF and lignin in the forage from the grass pasture alone were greater than the ones of the oversown pasture. Oat and ryegrass NDF was lowest in the initial growth periods, increasing in the final. Forage IVDMD from the two treatments were similar in all evaluation periods. In the second year, the total forage mass was similar in the two pasture treatments in all grazing periods and in their means. The black oat contribution was higher in the first period and the one of italian ryegrass in the third. The FA and the MFADR were similar in the two pasture systems. The leaf blades percentage of aruanagrass was similar in the two pastures in all periods and the ones of black oat and italian ryegrass were lower in the final period compared to the preceeding ones, in the two years. The CP in the forage from the grass pasture alone was greater than the one of the oversown pasture in the fourth period, and similar in the others. Oat and ryegrass CP decreased along the grazing periods. NDF, ADF, lignin and IVDMD of the forage from the two treatments were similar in all evaluation periods. Oat and ryegrass NDF, ADF and lignin were greater in the last grazing period. Ryegrass IVDMD from the first two periods were similar and decreased in the final. For the São Paulo State conditions, adequately fertilized and irrigated aruanagrass pastures, when oversown with winter annual forages, yield more than single aruanagrass ones during the dry winter period but with similar nutritive value. Single aruanagrass pastures when fertilized and irrigated present also good forage yields with good nutritive value during this time.
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Peszlen, Ilona. "Influence of site, clone, age, and growth rate on wood properties of three Populus X Euramericana clones". Diss., Virginia Tech, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40146.
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Gustafsson, Anton. "Cosmological environment study of a black hole : A closer look on the science of Interstellar". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teoretisk fysik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-256920.
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This report looks closer on the physics of black holes and their related phenomena. Particularly, this report studies a certain black hole called Gargantua that is portrayed in the movie Interstellar. By using this as a source of inspiration we look at Gargantua’s effect on time, planetary orbits and tidalforces. The following report showed that the physics studied here corresponded fully to the physics represented in Interstellar, making the movie very credible from a physics point of view. I show that the black hole portrayed in Interstellar needed to spin at a rate of 1.33*10^-14 percent less than its maximum possible to achieve a timedilation of 61320 at the distance where stable planetary orbits are found. At a spin this high, planets can have stable orbits as close as half the Schwarzschild radius which means they are located just outside the event horizon of a maximally rotating black hole. The enormous timedilation at planets orbiting near the event horizon is a result of the planets close proximity to the black hole, its orbital velocity and frame dragging. Frame dragging describes the effects on spacetime on account of the rotation of the black hole. Looking at the tidal forces on objects surrounding the black hole it was found that an increasing mass would actually decrease the tidal forces on objects outside the event horizon. For a sufficiently large mass on the black hole, a planet could avoid being ripped apart but this restricted its size to a radial extension of about 5500 km which corresponds to 0.86 earth radiuses.
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Bickerstaff, Jovonne J. "Together, Close, Resilient: Essays On Emotion Work Among Black Couples". Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:17467493.
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Emotional intimacy and support are deemed vital to most individuals’ sense of relationship quality and satisfaction. Although relationship outcomes are more closely tied with partners’ sense of emotional well-being in their partnerships, most sociological inquiry focuses on how couples navigate instrumental tasks of family work (e.g. household work, childcare, etc.). Examinations of emotional facets of couple relationship remain rare. This dissertation addresses this dearth by presenting an inductively derived analysis of how black heterosexual spouses in enduring relationships (10-40 years) sustain emotional connection. It draws on 75 semi-structured interviews - with relationship professionals (n=12) and 42 black spouses (21 couples) interviewed jointly and individually (n=63) from New York, Cleveland, and Chicago. Using a sociology of emotion lens, it extends Arlie Hochschild’s conceptual framework of emotion management by examining emotion work along four dimensions. First, challenging gender essentialism in extant research, it examines partners’ desires for, perceptions of and approaches to intimacy going beyond a discussion of gender differences to also shed light on overlap between and variation within gender groups. Secondly, it shows how the co-creation of joint emotion strategies to avoid or confront recurrent interpersonal tensions helped couples solidify a shared sense of couple identity marked by different degrees of we-ness. Third, contrary to previous studies suggesting it’s mainly women who do emotion work on themselves to manage dissatisfaction with intimacy, I reveal how both spouses engage in emotion work when connection breaks down. Often, such emotion work often arises due to tensions between the carework of intimacy and pre-existing norms and beliefs around emotional engagement. Finally, probing particularities in black women’s socialization around resilience, I disturb the monolithic portrait of women as intimacy experts in extant research, underlining challenges they face beyond dissatisfaction with male emotionality. By focusing on black couples, the study expands the demographic terrain of qualitative sociological inquiry on emotion work and couple relationships writ large. Finally, by theorizing from the experience of black couples, I disturb trends of taking educated, white, middle class couples as the normative American family, revealing how our conceptualization of emotion work could benefit from better accounting of social positionality.Sociology
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Batta, Aldo, Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz y Chris Fryer. "The Formation of Rapidly Rotating Black Holes in High-mass X-Ray Binaries". IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625738.
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High-mass X-ray binaries (HMXRBs), such as Cygnus X-1, host some of the most rapidly spinning black holes (BHs) known to date, reaching spin parameters a greater than or similar to 0.84. However, there are several effects that can severely limit the maximum BH spin parameter that could be obtained from direct collapse, such as tidal synchronization, magnetic core-envelope coupling, and mass loss. Here, we propose an alternative scenario where the BH is produced by a failed supernova (SN) explosion that is unable to unbind the stellar progenitor. A large amount of fallback material ensues, whose interaction with the secondary naturally increases its overall angular momentum content, and therefore the spin of the BH when accreted. Through SPH hydrodynamic simulations, we studied the unsuccessful explosion of an 8 M-circle dot pre-SN star in a close binary with a 12 M-circle dot companion with an orbital period of approximate to 1.2 days, finding that it is possible to obtain a BH with a high spin parameter a greater than or similar to 0.8 even when the expected spin parameter from direct collapse is a less than or similar to 0.3. This scenario also naturally explains the atmospheric metal pollution observed in HMXRB stellar companions.
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Herring, Jessica A. "Mechanical and electrical characterization of carbon Black-doped closed-cell Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) foam". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/98652.
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Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 2015.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 51-52).
Carbon Black-doped Polydimethylsiloxane (CB-PDMS) can be used as a pressure sensing material due to its piezoresistive properties. The sensitivity of such a sensor is in part dependent on the stiffness of the material. A closed-cell CB-PDMS foam is being explored as a possible flexible, lightweight, and waterproof underwater sensing material for use in unmanned underwater vehicles and other hydrodynamic sensing purposes. The percolation threshold for conduction through the CB-PDMS foam is theorized, and a number of different concentrations based on the theorized threshold are explored in order to determine the optimum weight percent of Carbon Black dopant to achieve a high sensitivity, low stiffness sensing CB-PDMS foam. Sinusoidal mechanical pressure patterns were applied and voltage response measured. An optimum dopant weight percent out of the concentrations tested was found at 5.5 wt% CB-PDMS.
by Jessica A. Herring.
S.B.
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Krawitz, Ronald Michael. "Code Clone Discovery Based on Functional Behavior". NSUWorks, 2012. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/201.
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Code clone Discovery Based on Functional Behavior
by
Ronald M Krawitz
2012
Legacy programs are used for many years and experience many cycles of use-maintenance-use-maintenance-use-etc. Source code or source code functionality is frequently replicated within these programs when it is written, as well as when it is maintained. Over time many different developers with greater or lesser understanding of the source code maintain the source code. Maintenance developers, when they have limited time or lack understanding of the program, frequently resort to short cuts that include cutting and pasting existing code and re-implementing functionality instead of refactoring. This means a specific functionality is often repeated several times, sometimes using different source code. Blocks of replicated source code or source code functionality are called code clones. Removing code clones improves extensibility, maintainability, and reusability of a program in addition to making the program more easily understood.
It is generally accepted that four types of code clones exist. Type-1 and Type-2 code clones are comparatively straightforward to locate and tools exist to locate them. However, Type-3 and Type-4 code clones are very difficult to locate with only a few specialized tools capable of locating them with a lower level of precision.
This dissertation presents a new methodology that discovered code clones by studying the functional behavior of blocks of code. Code Clone Discovery based on Functional Behavior (FCD) located code clone by comparing how the blocks of code reacted to various inputs. FCD stimulated the code blocks with the same input patterns and compared the resulting outputs. When a significant portion of the outputs matched, those blocks were declared to be a code clone candidate. Manual analysis confirmed that those blocks of code were code clones. Since FCD discovered code clones based on their black-box behavior, the actual source code syntax was irrelevant and manual inspection further confirmed FCD located code clones that included Type-3 and Type-4 code clones which are frequently excluded from code clone detection tools. FCD recognized the code clones regardless of whether or not they use identical code, similar code, or totally dissimilar code. This new technique allows for an improvement in software quality and has the potential to significantly reduce the cost of software over its lifetime.
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Kugelberg, Ingrid. "Black-Box Modeling and Attitude Control of a Quadcopter". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Reglerteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-125649.
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In this thesis, black-box models describing the quadcopter system dynamics for attitude control have been estimated using closed-loop data. A quadcopter is a naturally unstable multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system and is therefore an interesting platform to test and evaluate ideas in system identification and control theory on. The estimated attitude models have been shown to explain the output signals well enough during simulations to properly tune a PID controller for outdoor flight purposes. With data collected in closed loop during outdoor flights, knowledge about the controller and IMU measurements, three decoupled models have been estimated for the angles and angular rates in roll, pitch and yaw. The models for roll and pitch have been forced to have the same model structure and orders since this reflects the geometry of the quadcopter. The models have been validated by simulating the closed-loop system where they could explain the output signals well. The estimated models have then been used to design attitude controllers to stabilize the quadcopter around the hovering state. Three PID controllers have been implemented on the quadcopter and evaluated in simulation before being tested during both indoor and outdoor flights. The controllers have been shown to stabilize the quadcopter with good reference tracking. However, the performance of the pitch controller could be improved further as there have been small oscillations present that may indicate a stronger correlation between the roll and pitch channels than assumed.
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Wells, Clive Gene. "The application of differential geometry to classical and quantum gravity". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1999. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/283187.
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Dowell, Ryan. "Biomass production of five populus clones, soil carbon and soil water content in a central Missouri floodplain". Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4549.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file viewed on (February 7, 2007) Includes bibliographical references.
Libros sobre el tema "Black Clover"
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Tabata, Yūki. Black clover: Light. San Francisco, CA: Viz Media, 2017.
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translator, Engel Taylor y HC Language Solutions, eds. Black clover: Despair vs. hope. San Francisco, CA: Viz Media, 2017.
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Calendar, Asta. Black Clover Calendar 2023: Black Clover Calendar 2023 Monthly Planner with Exclusive Black Clover Photoshoots, Monthly Square Celebrity Black Clover Calendar 2023 Black Clover. Independently Published, 2022.
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Calendar, Asta. Black Clover Calendar 2023: Black Clover Calendar 2023 Monthly Planner with Exclusive Black Clover Photoshoots, Monthly Square Celebrity Black Clover Calendar 2023 Black Clover. 11. Independently Published, 2022.
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Calendar, Asta. Black Clover Calendar 2023: Black Clover Calendar 2023 Monthly Planner with Exclusive Black Clover Photoshoots, Monthly Square Celebrity Black Clover Calendar 2023 Black Clover. 3. Independently Published, 2022.
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Calendar, Asta. Black Clover Calendar 2023: Black Clover Calendar 2023 Monthly Planner with Exclusive Black Clover Photoshoots, Monthly Square Celebrity Black Clover Calendar 2023 Black Clover. 5. Independently Published, 2022.
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Calendar, Asta. Black Clover Calendar 2023: Black Clover Calendar 2023 Monthly Planner with Exclusive Black Clover Photoshoots, Monthly Square Celebrity Black Clover Calendar 2023 Black Clover. 1. Independently Published, 2022.
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Calendar, Asta. Black Clover Calendar 2023: Black Clover Calendar 2023 Monthly Planner with Exclusive Black Clover Photoshoots, Monthly Square Celebrity Black Clover Calendar 2023 Black Clover. 4. Independently Published, 2022.
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Tabata, Yuki. Black Clover T25. KAZE, 2020.
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Tabata, Yuuki. Black Clover 1. NORMA EDITORIAL, S.A., 2017.
Buscar texto completoCapítulos de libros sobre el tema "Black Clover"
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Snorton, C. Riley. "Trapped in the Epistemological Closet". En Black Genders and Sexualities, 13–27. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137077950_2.
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Henelius, Andreas, Kai Puolamäki, Isak Karlsson, Jing Zhao, Lars Asker, Henrik Boström y Panagiotis Papapetrou. "GoldenEye++: A Closer Look into the Black Box". En Statistical Learning and Data Sciences, 96–105. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17091-6_5.
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Câmara, António. "The Black-Scholes Legacy: Closed-Form Option Pricing Models". En Financial Derivatives, 387–404. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118266403.ch27.
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Murphet, Julian. "The Crowd in This Moment". En Writing the Global Riot, 153–69. Oxford University PressOxford, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192862594.003.0010.
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Abstract Rioting appears more and more frequently as an affirmative mode of collective happening in contemporary American poetry. Rendered carnivalesque, sexualized, hailed as always politically progressive, and elevated into a fundamental ontological category of the late capitalist world, ‘the riot’ has been ripped out of any historical sequence and transformed into an absolute. In the work of Wendy Trevino, Joshua Clover, and Juliana Spahr, among others, these affirmative accents are issued in a quasi-romantic, quasi-Brechtian idiom of breathless poetic immanence interrupted by imperatives of political incitation. And yet the true history of the race riot in the USA tells a very different story about the invention of the white race out of the blood of Black communities: mob violence, destruction of ghetto housing stock, closed union membership, and an effort to set the value of Black labour-power at zero. Turning to an accelerated history of the ways in which Black American writers have written out this history of race rioting, this chapter seeks to excavate a more ambiguous, haunted history of ‘the riot’ that restores to it its proper quotient of terror, horror, and dread. It asks of the contemporary redemption of ‘the riot’ what the cost might be of neglecting to commemorate the dead who, in the name of white supremacy, have gone down in great numbers to the violence of American race rioting.
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Stout, John C. "Game of Clones:". En Orphan Black, 95–110. Intellect Books, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv36xw63t.9.
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"BLACK QUEENS SPEAK:". En The Generic Closet, 143–82. Indiana University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1d5nm71.8.
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"4. Recovering the Little Black Girl. Incest and Black American Textuality". En Against the Closet, 114–50. Duke University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780822391883-006.
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"Recovering the Little Black Girl". En Against the Closet, 114–50. Duke University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/9780822391883-005.
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"RECOVERING THE LITTLE BLACK GIRL". En Against the Closet, 114–50. Duke University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv11cw4d9.8.
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"CHAPTER 4. Attack of the Clones". En Super Black, 89–125. University of Texas Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.7560/726543-006.
Texto completoActas de conferencias sobre el tema "Black Clover"
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Cablik, Vladimir. "CLOSED-CIRCUIT FLOTATION OF BLACK COAL". En 14th SGEM GeoConference on SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGIES IN GEOLOGY, EXPLORATION AND MINING. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2014/b13/s4.110.
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Fleming, Noah, Stefan Grosser, Toniann Pitassi y Robert Robere. "Black-Box PPP Is Not Turing-Closed". En STOC '24: 56th Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3618260.3649769.
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Adu-Gyamfi, Mary. "Getting Closer to "the Truth": Racial Literacies in Black History Education". En 2023 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/2013173.
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Matalgah, Mustafa M., Mohammed A. Alqodah y Ali A. Al-Sharadqah. "Closed-Form Outage Probability and Ergodic Capacity Expressions for Best Relay Selection Scheme Over Generalized Fading Channels". En 2023 IEEE International Black Sea Conference on Communications and Networking (BlackSeaCom). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/blackseacom58138.2023.10299748.
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Kurchukov, K. V., V. G. Platonov, E. Yu Katunin y A. A. Kuznetsov. "Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Seakeeping Performance for Sea-River Ships With Different Hull Fullness". En ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-24458.
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Commercial vessels under 5000 dwt, specifically sea-river vessels, constitute a substantial part of the world’s merchant fleet. These vessels are as a rule running between sea, estuary and river ports. Mostly these vessels are restricted in operation by areas, seasons, distance from port of refuge, wind and wave conditions. In this connection the operational safety of such vessels, which are mainly engaged in carriage of oil products, is a critical issue. This paper addresses integrated studies on seakeeping of sea-river vessels starting from the early design stage with preliminary CFD estimates and model experiments in wave basin up to the operational sea trials. The wave conditions for analytical and experimental studies are chosen to be as close as possible to the specific ship profile and expected area of operation. Some conclusions regarding the effect of block coefficient on seakeeping performance of sea-river vessels are made, estimations and experimental data are compared for a ship with extremely large block coefficient and wider operation area (beyond coastal waters), as well as seakeeping performance data recorded at sea during operational voyage of the vessel on the Black sea and Mediterranean sea are given.
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Das, Debangana, Shreya Nag, Hemanta Naskar, Ajanto Kumar Hazarika, Runu Banerjee Roy, Santanu Sabhapondit, Bipan Tudu y Rajib Bandyopadhyay. "Discrimination of Various Clones of Black Tea Using NIR Spectroscopy". En 2020 International Conference on Emerging Frontiers in Electrical and Electronic Technologies (ICEFEET). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icefeet49149.2020.9186954.
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Sugawara, Yuji. "D-brane Falling into 2d Black-hole and Closed String Radiation". En PARTICLES, STRINGS, AND COSMOLOGY: 11th International Symposium on Particles, Strings, and Cosmology; PASCOS 2005. AIP, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2149734.
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Zhang, Ziang, Xu Zhu, Yufei Jiang, Jie Cao y Yujie Liu. "Closed-Form AoI Analysis for Dual-Queue Short-Block Transmission with Block Error". En 2021 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wcnc49053.2021.9417272.
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Pawliuk, Peter y Benjamin Jann. "Closed-Loop DPD with Dynamic Resource Block Scheduling". En 2022 IEEE Topical Conference on RF/Microwave Power Amplifiers for Radio and Wireless Applications (PAWR). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pawr53092.2022.9719764.
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Vasiliev, Alexandr y Tatiana Sulesco. "The first pilot study of black fly (Diptera: Simuliidae) breeding sites in Moldova". En International symposium ”Functional ecology of animals” dedicated to the 70th anniversary from the birth of academician Ion Toderas. Institute of Zoology, Republic of Moldova, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.53937/9789975315975.66.
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The data on black fly fauna in Moldova are absent in the old and modern literature. Overall, 45 black fly species from the genera Prosimulium (four species) and Simulium (41 species) are common both for Romania and Ukraine and expected to be present in Moldova. For the first time cross-sectional entomological survey was conducted in 2018 to detect the breeding sites of Simuliidae in Moldova. Productive breeding sites of black flies were identified in the creek close to the Dniester River section located in Vascauti village, Racovat River sections located in Branzeni and Burlanesti villages. Immature stages of black flies also have been found in the small creeks in Chisinau and Duruitoarea Veche.
Informes sobre el tema "Black Clover"
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Yaron, Zvi, Martin P. Schreibman, Abigail Elizur y Yonathan Zohar. Advancing Puberty in the Black Carp (Mylopharyngodon Piceus) and the Striped Bass (Morone Saxatilis). United States Department of Agriculture, agosto de 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568102.bard.
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The black carp (bc)GtH IIb cDNA was amplified and isolated, cloned and sequenced. Comparison of the bcGtH IIb deduced a.a. sequence with that of GtH IIb from other teleosts revealed high homology to cyprinid species and a lower homology to salmonid or perciform fish. The gene coding for the GtH IIb was isolated and sequenced. Three bc recombinant phages which hybridized to the goldfish GtH Ib cDNA probe were isolated and are currently being characterized. The region coding for the mature GtH IIb was expressed in a bacterial expression vector resulting in the production of a recombinant protein. In vitro folding resulted in a protein only 1.3% of which displaced the native common carp GtH II in a RIA. Therefore, the common carp GtH RIA was utilized for the physiological studies at the current phase of the project. Two non-functional sites were identified along the brain-pituitary gonadal axis in the immature black carp. The pituitary is refractory to GnRH stimulation due to a block proximal to the activation of PKA and PKC probably at the level of GnRH receptors. The gonads, although capable of producing steroids, are refractory to gonadotropic stimulation but do respond to cAMP antagonists, indicating a block at the GtH receptor level. Attempts to advance puberty in 2 and 3 y old black carp showed that testosterone (T) stimulates GtH synthesis in the pituitary and increases its sensitivity to GnRh. A 2 month treatment combining T+GnRH increased the circulating GFtH level in 3 y old fish. Addition of domperidone to such a treatment facilitated both the accumulation of GtH in the pituitary and its response to GnRH. The cDNA of striped bass GtH a, Ib and IIb subunits were amplified, isolated, cloned and sequenced, and their deduced a.a. sequences were compared with those of other teleosts. A ribonuclease protection assay was developed for a sensitive and simultaneous determination of all GtH subunits, and of b-actin mRNAs of the striped bass. GnRH stimulated dramatically the expression of the a and GtH IIb subunits but the level of GtH Ib mRNA increased only moderately. These findings suggest that GtH-II, considered in salmonids to be involved only in final stages of gametogenesis, can be induced by GnRH to a higher extent than GtH-I in juvenile striped bass. The native GtH II of the striped bass was isolated and purified, and an ELISA for its determination was developed. The production of all recombinant striped bass GtH subunits is in progress using the insect cell (Sf9) culture and the BAC-TO-BAC baculovirus expression system. A recombinant GtH IIb subunit has been produced already, and its similarity to the native subunit was confirmed. The yield of the recombinant glycoprotein can reach 3.5 mg/ml after 3 days culture. All male striped bass reach puberty after 3 y. However, precocious puberty was discovered in 1 and 2 y old males. Females become vitellogenic during their 4th year. In immature 2 y old females, T treatment elevates the pituitary GtH II content while GnRH only potentiates the effect. However, in males GnRH and not T affects GtH accumulation in the pituitary. Neither GnRH, nor T treatment resulted in gonadal growth in 2 y old striped bass, indicating that either the accumulated GtH II was not released, or if released, the gonads were refractory to GtH stimulation, similar to the situation in the immature black carp. In 3 y old female striped bass, 150 day GnRHa treatment resulted in an increase in GSI, while T treatment, with or without GnRHa, resulted in a decrease in oocyte diameter, similar to the effect seen in the black carp. Further attempts to advance puberty in both fish species should take into account the positive effect of T on pituitary GtH and its negative effect of ovarian growth.
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Gade, Krishna, Jianyong Wang y George Karypis. Efficient Closed Pattern Mining in the Presence of Tough Block Constraints. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, noviembre de 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada439408.
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Kwon, Jaymin, Yushin Ahn y Steve Chung. Spatio-Temporal Analysis of the Roadside Transportation Related Air Quality (STARTRAQ) and Neighborhood Characterization. Mineta Transportation Institute, agosto de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2010.
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To promote active transportation modes (such as bike ride and walking), and to create safer communities for easier access to transit, it is essential to provide consolidated data-driven transportation information to the public. The relevant and timely information from data facilitates the improvement of decision-making processes for the establishment of public policy and urban planning for sustainable growth, and for promoting public health in the region. For the characterization of the spatial variation of transportation-emitted air pollution in the Fresno/Clovis neighborhood in California, various species of particulate matters emitted from traffic sources were measured using real-time monitors and GPS loggers at over 100 neighborhood walking routes within 58 census tracts from the previous research, Children’s Health to Air Pollution Study - San Joaquin Valley (CHAPS-SJV). Roadside air pollution data show that PM2.5, black carbon, and PAHs were significantly elevated in the neighborhood walking air samples compared to indoor air or the ambient monitoring station in the Central Fresno area due to the immediate source proximity. The simultaneous parallel measurements in two neighborhoods which are distinctively different areas (High diesel High poverty vs. Low diesel Low poverty) showed that the higher pollution levels were observed when more frequent vehicular activities were occurring around the neighborhoods. Elevated PM2.5 concentrations near the roadways were evident with a high volume of traffic and in regions with more unpaved areas. Neighborhood walking air samples were influenced by immediate roadway traffic conditions, such as encounters with diesel trucks, approaching in close proximity to freeways and/or busy roadways, passing cigarette smokers, and gardening activity. The elevated black carbon concentrations occur near the highway corridors and regions with high diesel traffic and high industry. This project provides consolidated data-driven transportation information to the public including: 1. Transportation-related particle pollution data 2. Spatial analyses of geocoded vehicle emissions 3. Neighborhood characterization for the built environment such as cities, buildings, roads, parks, walkways, etc.
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Yamada, Youji, Hiroshi Yoshii, Satoshi Mochizuki, Yuuta Bannai, Jun Yaokawa, Koichi Anzai y Katsunari Oikawa. Evaluation of J Factor and Leakage Quality for High Pressure Die Casting Applied to Closed-deck Type Cylinder Block. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, noviembre de 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2011-32-0504.
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Roberts, Ronald. Implementing the Race Equality Action Plan. Wales Centre for Public Policy - Cardiff University, noviembre de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54454/20211115.
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The Welsh Government’s Race Equality Action Plan sets out to tackle structural racial inequalities in Wales in order to make ‘meaningful and measurable changes to the lives of Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic people by tackling racism’ and achieve ‘a Wales that is anti-racist by 2030’. The consultation closed in July and responses are currently being reviewed. Delivering on this ambitious vision will require concerted and carefully thought-through actions. The Welsh Government and public bodies are going to need to establish a very clear set of priorities and metrics to ensure accountability for achieving measurable race equality improvements. Building on the recommendations in WCPP’s evidence reviews on improving race equality in Wales, which informed the development of the Race Equality Action Plan, this commentary highlights some of the steps that might be necessary or helpful to make good on the Plan’s aims.
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Bonvecchi, Alejandro y Carlos Scartascini. The Presidency and the Executive Branch in Latin America: What We Know and What We Need to Know. Inter-American Development Bank, diciembre de 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011375.
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The presidential politics literature depicts presidents either as all-powerful actors or figureheads and seeks to explain outcomes accordingly. The president and the executive branch are nonetheless usually treated as black boxes, particularly in developing countries, even though the presidency has evolved into an extremely complex branch of government. While these developments have been studied in the United States, far less is known in other countries, particularly in Latin America, where presidential systems have been considered the source of all goods and evils. To help close the knowledge gap and explore differences in policymaking characteristics not only between Latin America and the US but also across Latin American countries, this paper summarizes the vast literature on the organization and resources of the Executive Branch in the Americas and sets a research agenda for the study of Latin American presidencies.
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Francini y Zand. PR-218-094510-R01 Procedure for Evaluating the Effects of Blasting on Pipelines - Phase 1 Summary Report. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), junio de 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010024.
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This report contains a state of the art review of current methods for evaluating the effects of close in blasting on pipelines. The report includes a comparison of current methods for determining the stress resulting from blasting with available experimental results. It also covers the subject of block movement as a result of delayed gas pressure, methods to determine the likelihood of ground movement and procedures for evaluating if movement has occurred. More accurate methods to determine blasting stresses are investigated. A procedure to be followed to evaluate the effects of blasting is proposed. Finally, recent developments in blasting technology that are relevant to blasting near pipelines are reviewed.
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Kwon, Jaymin, Yushin Ahn y Steve Chung. Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Roadside Transportation-Related Air Quality (StarTraq 2021): A Characterization of Bike Trails and Highways in the Fresno/Clovis Area. Mineta Transportation Institute, noviembre de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.2128.
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The San Joaquin Valley is identified as an area with a high level of particulate matter (PM) in the air, reaching above the federal and state clean air standards (EPA 2019). Many of the cities in the valley are classified as the most polluted cities in the United States for both particulate matter and ozone pollution (American Lung Association, 2021). To resolve this issue, alternative forms of transportation have been considered in transportation planning. In this study, active transportation mode air quality was monitored on selected Woodward Park and Old Clovis trails and urban bike lanes. Real-time aerosol monitors, and low-cost sensors were carried in a backpack on bicycles during the sampling. Researchers collected GPS data via a portable GPS technology called Tracksticks. Driving transportation mode air quality data was acquired from the roadways within the Fresno/Clovis area, spanning six sampling routes, and during intercity trips between Fresno, Berkeley, and Los Angeles, for a total of five sampling routes. ‘On-Road' (outside vehicle) monitors were installed on the roof of a vehicle while ‘In-Vehicle’ monitors were installed inside the vehicle for comparison with the particulate pollution levels in the two contrasting microenvironments. The results showed the following three main outcomes: (1) clear relationships exist among PMs of different sizes; (2) there were greater variations in air quality of bike trails and On-Road samples than backyard and In-Vehicle samples; (3) we observed significant differences in air quality inside and outside the vehicle while driving local and intercity roadways; and (4) the road trip to the Bay area revealed that San Joaquin Valley has increased ambient PM2.5 and black carbon (BC) levels compared to those in the Bay Area on every trip, regardless of the daily change of the air quality.
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Yaron, Zvi, Abigail Elizur, Martin Schreibman y Yonathan Zohar. Advancing Puberty in the Black Carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus) and the Striped Bass (Morone saxatilis). United States Department of Agriculture, enero de 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7695841.bard.
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Both the genes and cDNA sequences encoding the b-subunits of black carp LH and FSH were isolated, cloned and sequenced. Sequence analysis of the bcFSHb and LHb5'flanking regions revealed that the promoter region of both genes contains canonical TATA sequences, 30 bp and 17 bp upstream of the transcription start site of FSHb and LHb genes, respectively. In addition, they include several sequences of cis-acting motifs, required for inducible and tissue-specific transcriptional regulation: the gonadotropin-specific element (GSE), GnRH responsive element (GRE), half sites of estrogen and androgen response elements, cAMP response element, and AP1. Several methods have been employed by the Israeli team to purify the recombinant b subunits (EtOH precipitation, gel filtration and lentil lectin). While the final objective to produce pure recombinantGtH subunits has not yet been achieved, we have covered much ground towards this goal. The black carp ovary showed a gradual increase in both mass and oocyte diameter. First postvitellogenic oocytes were found in 5 yr old fish. At this age, the testes already contained spermatozoa. The circulating LH levels increased from 0.5 ng/ml in 4 yr old fish to >5ng/ml in 5 yr old fish. In vivo challenge experiments in black carp showed the initial LH response of the pituitary to GnRH in 4 yr old fish. The response was further augmented in 5 yr old fish. The increase in estradiol level in response to gonadotropic stimulation was first noted in 4 yr old fish but this response was much stronger in the following year. In vivo experiments on the FSHb and LHb mRNA levels in response to GnRH were carried out on common carp as a model for synchronom spawning cyprinids. These experiments showed the prevalence of FSHP in maturing fish while LHP mRNA was prevalent in mature fish, especially in females. The gonadal fat-pad was found to originate from the retroperitoneal mesoderm and not from the genital ridge, thus differing from that reported in certain amphibians This tissue possibly serves as the major source of sex steroids in the immature black carp. However, such a function is taken over by the developing gonads in 4 yr old fish. In the striped bass, we described the ontogeny of the neuro-endocrine parameters along the brain-pituitary-gonadal axis during the first four years of life, throughout gonadal development and the onset of puberty. We also described the responsiveness of the reproductive axis to long-term hormonal manipulations at various stages of gonadal development. Most males reached complete sexual maturity during the first year of life. Puberty was initiated during the third year of life in most females, but this first reproductive cycle did not lead to the acquisition of full sexual maturity. This finding indicates that more than one reproductive cycle may be required before adulthood is reached. Out of the three native GnRHs present in striped bass, only sbGnRH and cGnRH II increased concomitantly with the progress of gonadal development and the onset of puberty. This finding, together with data on GtH synthesis and release, suggests that while sbGnRH and cGnRH II may be involved in the regulation of puberty in striped bass, these neuropeptides are not limiting factors to the onset of puberty. Plasma LH levels remained low in all fish, suggesting that LH plays only a minor role in early gonadal development. This hypothesis was further supported by the finding that experimentally elevated plasma LH levels did not result in the induction of complete ovarian and testicular development. The acquisition of complete puberty in 4 yr old females was associated with a rise in the mRNA levels of all GtH subunit genes, including a 218-fold increase in the mRNA levels of bFSH. mRNA levels of the a and PLH subunits increased only 11- and 8-fold, respectively. Although data on plasma FSH levels are unavailable, the dramatic increase in bFSH mRNA suggests a pivotal role for this hormone in regulating the onset and completion of puberty in striped bass. The hormonal regulation of the onset of puberty and of GtH synthesis and release was studied by chronic administration of testosterone (T) and/or an analog of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (G). Sustained administration of T+G increased the mRNA levels of the PLH subunit to the values characteristic of sexually mature fish, and also increased the plasma levels of LH. However, these changes did not result in the acceleration of sexual maturation. The mRNA levels of the bFSH subunit were slightly stimulated, but remained about 1/10 of the values characteristic of sexually mature fish. It is concluded that the stimulation of FSH gene expression and release does not lead to the acceleration of sexual maturity, and that the failure to sufficiently stimulate the bFSH subunit gene expression may underlie the inability of the treatments to advance sexual maturity. Consequently, FSH is suggested to be the key hormone to the initiation and completion of puberty in striped bass. Future efforts to induce precocious puberty in striped bass should focus on understanding the regulation of FSH synthesis and release and on developing technologies to induce these processes. Definite formulation of hormonal manipulation to advance puberty in the striped bass and the black carp seems to be premature at this stage. However, the project has already yielded a great number of experimental tools of DNA technology, slow-release systems and endocrine information on the process of puberty. These systems and certain protocols have been already utilized successfully to advance maturation in other fish (e.g. grey mullet) and will form a base for further study on fish puberty.
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Arpaia, Mary Lu, Sharoni Shafir, Thomas Davenport y Arnon Dag. Enhancement of avocado pollination and productivity - an interdisciplinary approach. United States Department of Agriculture, enero de 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2007.7695882.bard.
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The original objective was to determine the impact of temperature on floral behavior and pollen tube growth and humidity on the proportions of self-, close, and cross-pollinated avocado fruit on trees growing in humid, coastal and dry, inland CA climates. Because self-pollination was demonstrated to be the prevailing mode of pollination in Florida cultivars in warm humid conditions, it was appropriate to determine if similar rates of self-pollination occur in a dry Mediterranean climate present in California. The conclusions of the work were that despite limiting cool temperatures present in Ventura County, where the research was conducted, self-pollination within Stage 2 flowers is the dominant mode of pollination at both the humid and dry sites. Moreover, it was determined that pollen transfer is mediated by wind and bees have a negligible role in pollen transfer. Temperatures that are marginally warm enough to allow somewhat normal floral opening and closing behavior are still insufficient to provide pollen tube growth to the ovule before abscission of the flower. These results provide the basis for understanding why growers utilizing solid block avocado plantings achieve good yields without bees.