Tesis sobre el tema "Biting midges"
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Krosch, Matthew Neil. "Evolutionary biology of Gondwanan non-biting midges (Diptera: Chironomidae)". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2010. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/41749/1/Matthew_Krosch_Thesis.pdf.
Texto completoWittmann, Emma Jane. "Temperature and the transmission of arboviruses by Culicoides biting midges". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/8e2879e9-8ad4-439e-9f6d-4e36a6a8afea.
Texto completoMarsh, Peter Michael. "Ecological studies on Culicoides impunctatus (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) with reference to its control in the Highlands of Scotland". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/15275.
Texto completoFu, Haiyan. "Mechanisms controlling the infection of Culicoides biting midges with bluetongue virus". Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/14153.
Texto completoLabuschagne, K., LJ Gerber, I. Espie y S. Carpenter. "Culicoides biting midges at the National Zoological Gardens of South Africa". Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 2007. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1001257.
Texto completoO'Connell, Lelia. "Entomological aspects of the transmission of arboviral diseases by Culidoides biting midges". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.247899.
Texto completoStrandberg, Jonas. "Taking a Bite out of Diversity - Taxonomy and systematics of biting midges". Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Zoologiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-127144.
Texto completoAt the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 2: Manuscript. Paper 3: Manuscript. Paper 4: Manuscript.
Page, Patrick Collin. "Investigation of methods for protection of horses in jet stalls against Culicoides biting midges". Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/53307.
Texto completoThesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2015.
tm2016
Companion Animal Clinical Studies
PhD
Lamb, Cho. "The influence of temperature and metaphyton on non-biting midges (Diptera: Chironomidae) at Lake Joondalup". Thesis, Lamb, Cho (2001) The influence of temperature and metaphyton on non-biting midges (Diptera: Chironomidae) at Lake Joondalup. Honours thesis, Murdoch University, 2001. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/40787/.
Texto completoRiegler, Lutz. "Variation in African horse sickness virus and its effect on the vector competence of culicoides biting midges". Thesis, University of Surrey, 2002. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/843/.
Texto completoChitra, Eric y n/a. "Bionomics of Culicoides molestus (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae): a pest biting midge in Gold Coast canal estates". Griffith University. School of Environmental and Applied Science, 2004. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20041119.101151.
Texto completoChitra, Eric. "Bionomics of Culicoides molestus (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae): a pest biting midge in Gold Coast canal estates". Thesis, Griffith University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367178.
Texto completoThesis (Masters)
Master of Philosophy (MPhil)
School of Environmental and Applied Science
Full Text
Breidenbaugh, Mark. "Testing Effects of Aerial Spray Technologies on Biting Flies and Nontarget Insects at the Parris Island Marine Corps Recruit Depot, South Carolina, USA". Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1228223589.
Texto completoTemmam, Sarah. "Caractérisation des communautés virales de vecteurs & réservoirs de zoonoses : exemples des culicoïdes et de la viande de brousse". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM5004/document.
Texto completoZoonoses are responsible of more than two thirds of human viral infections. The development of high-throughput sequencing tools and their application in metagenomics allow inventorying the viral communities of various reservoirs in order to detect the emergence of viruses before their infection to humans. In this context, I characterized the viral communities of simian bushmeat illegally imported into France and of Culicoides biting midges, recognized vectors of several viruses of human and veterinary medicine importance. I have first developed a protocol for the purification of RNA viromes which allowed maintaining the infectivity of viral particles. This protocol was subsequently applied to characterize viral communities of bloodsucking arthropods and wildlife samples. In a second part I realized the inventory of viral communities of smoked simian bushmeat illegally imported into France and confiscated by the French customs. This study revealed the presence of a wide diversity of bacteriophages, in which some of them could infect bacteria potentially pathogenic for humans.Finally I characterized the viral communities of Culicoides biting midges collected in Senegal, which revealed the presence of sequences related to several giant DNA viruses infecting amoeba. Sequencing of the RNA virome revealed the presence of several arboviruses that could constitute a risk of emergence of zoonoses for humans.The prediction of future emerging zoonotic viruses is very difficult, if not impossible. However the characterization of viral communities present in the different actors of zoonotic transmission cycle is a first step to evaluate potential risks of transmission to humans
Carpenter, Simon. "Colonisation and dispersal studies of the Scottish biting midge, Culicoides impunctatus Goetghebuer". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2001. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=237733.
Texto completoMills, Mary Katherine. "Vector-pathogen interactions within the vector, Culicoides sonorensis". Diss., Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/38154.
Texto completoDivision of Biology
Kristin Michel
The biting midge, Culicoides sonorensis, vectors orbiviruses of economic importance, such as epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV). Due to the limitations in available molecular tools, critical Culicoides-orbivirus interactions underlying vector competence remain unclear. To provide a foundation for the study of midge-EHDV interactions, RNA interference (RNAi) was developed as a reverse genetic tool, and EHDV-2 infection dynamics were determined within C. sonorensis. To develop RNAi, exogenous double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) was injected into C. sonorensis adults specific to the C. sonorensis inhibitor of apoptosis protein 1 (CsIAP1) ortholog (dsCsIAP1). A significant decrease in CsIAP1 transcripts was observed in whole midges, with highest reduction in the midgut. In addition, dsCsIAP1-injected midges had increased mortality, a loss of midgut tissue integrity, and increased caspase activity. The longevity and midgut phenotypes were partially reversed by the co-injection of dsRNA specific to the C. sonorensis initiator caspase Dronc ortholog and CsIAP1. These results demonstrated that RNAi can be achieved in the midge midgut through injection of target dsRNAs into the hemolymph. Furthermore, the time course of EHDV-2 infection within C. sonorensis was characterized. EHDV-2 infection was observed in the midgut and secondary tissues, including the salivary glands, by 5 days post-feeding (dpf). These data are consistent with dissemination of EHDV-2 to secondary susceptible tissues throughout the midge via the hemolymph and indicate that virus transmission by C. sonorensis may occur as early as 5 dpf. This work provides a foundation for the future study of Culicoides-orbivirus interactions, including the antiviral role of RNAi at the midgut barrier.
Dinwiddie, April. "The structure and function of a unique wing organ in an extinct biting midge, Eohelea (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) /". Connect to online version, 2008. http://ada.mtholyoke.edu/setr/websrc/pdfs/www/2008/.pdf.
Texto completoRigot, Thibaud. "The space-time distribution of Palearctic Culicoides spp. vectors of Bluetongue disease in Europe". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209835.
Texto completoRésumé :La fièvre catarrhale ovine (FCO), encore appelée maladie de la langue bleue, est une maladie infectieuse des ruminants transmise par la piqûre d’un vecteur de type moucheron appartenant au genre Culicoides (Diptera :Ceratopogonidae). L’ubiquité de ses vecteurs peut expliquer son succès d’installation à l’échelle globale. Par ailleurs, sa rapide expansion a été grandement facilitée par l’importante activité anthropique (élevage, transport, modification de l’habitat) et peut-être même par les changements climatiques globaux. La FCO a été récemment qualifiée de maladie infectieuse émergente en Europe du fait de (i) son récent établissement dans la région, bien au delà de son aire de répartition traditionnelle, (ii) de sa forte capacité de dispersion affectant chaque jour un nombre plus important d’hôtes et enfin (iii) de sa forte virulence. Après avoir détaillé les caractéristiques majeures des deux principaux foyers de FCO rencontrés en Europe depuis 1998, la présente thèse s’est plus particulièrement intéressée à l’étude de la distribution spatio-temporelle de ses principaux vecteurs dans le sud (partie 1) puis dans le nord (partie 2) de l’Europe, à différentes échelles. Dans la première partie, un modèle discret, spatialement et temporellement explicite, a été développé afin de mesurer l’influence de différents facteurs éco-climatiques sur la distribution de Culicoides imicola, principal vecteur de la FCO dans le Bassin Méditerranéen. Les profils mensuels de distribution rencontrés en Sardaigne durant 6 années consécutives ont ainsi pu être reconstitués, principalement sur base de la température. Une cartographie de l’abondance de C. imicola sur le territoire a permis de mettre à jour le manque d’information sur sa distribution en dehors des exploitations agricoles. Dans la deuxième partie du travail, nous nous sommes penchés sur la distribution spatiale des Culicoides tels qu’on peut les rencontrer au sein de différents paysages agro-écologiques de Belgique. Nous avons ainsi pu décrire la structure adoptée par les populations de Culicoides au voisinage des fermes ainsi que quantifier l’importante population présente dans les forêts avoisinantes. Nous avons par ailleurs montré l’influence de différentes catégories d’utilisation du sol sur l’abondance et la composition en espèces. Enfin, nous avons présenté une méthode permettant de quantifier l’interférence entre des pièges lumineux utilisés dans un même paysage pour échantillonner les populations, et l’avons utilisé afin de mesurer leur rayon d’attractivité sur les espèces vectrices les plus communément rencontrées dans le nord de l’Europe. En guise de conclusion générale et conjointement aux récentes découvertes de cas de FCO au sein de la faune sauvage européenne, nous appelons à réaliser un plus grand nombre d’études éco-épidémiologiques à l’interface entre exploitations agricoles et zones (semi-) naturelles avoisinantes. En outres, les résultats présentés dans la seconde partie ont été mis en relation avec le mode de fonctionnement journalier de nos exploitations agricoles. Nous avons ainsi pu déduire le rôle dramatique joué par les pratiques agricoles intensives dans le maintien du virus de la FCO au sein de nos paysages agro-écologiques, ainsi que dans sa circulation d’un paysage à l’autre. Un cadre de modélisation complexe permettant une analyse simultanée de l’activité nycthémérale des hôtes de la FCO et de ses vecteurs Culicoides en fonction de la configuration des paysages agro-écologiques est néanmoins requis afin de quantifier l’amplitude du risque de transmission de la FCO lié aux pratiques agricoles intensives.
Doctorat en Sciences agronomiques et ingénierie biologique
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Logan, James G. "Differential responses of the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, and the Scottish biting midge, Culicoides impunctatus to human host odours". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.430401.
Texto completoMcKinnell, Stephen Arthur. "The use of non-biting midge species Chironomus riparius Meigen (Diptera: Chironomidae) as a toxicity test species with particular reference to surfactants". Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261342.
Texto completoTuffnail, William. "A 1H NMR metabolomic study of the metabolic effects of pesticides on the non-target invertebrates the blue mussel Mytilus edulis and the non-biting midge larvae Chironomus riparius". Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2010. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/a-1h-nmr-metabolomic-study-of-the-metabolic-effects-of-pesticides-on-the-nontarget-invertebrates-the-blue-mussel-mytilus-edulis-and-the-nonbiting-midge-larvae-chironomus-riparius(d1a98b08-2fc6-4302-95a4-0f616556441d).html.
Texto completoTeng, Hsuan Sheng y 鄧勝軒. "The Study of Biting Midges,Forcipomyia taiwana on Slopeland Community". Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/74766543459445874565.
Texto completo國立中興大學
水土保持學系
93
The life stage of Forcipomyia taiwana concerned was the period of biting and bloodsucking of human body due to it o.k. the time for Forcipomyia taiwana interfered with human activities. The coincidence between habitat conditions and community circumstances was seeked. Once this coincidence was existed, any reformation on the circumstance means the ruin of the habitat. In this paper, washing the leaves and barks of trees and grasses removed the food resources of habitats of Forcipomyia taiwana. The adults Forcipomyia taiwana had significantly escaped from the interfered habitats.
Rádrová, Jana. "Mosquitoes and biting midges as vectors in the Czech Republic". Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-350053.
Texto completoChiu, Teng-I. y 邱騰逸. "Occurrence of the biting midges, Culicoides spp. (Diptera: Ceratopogoidae) in animal farms". Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57054496358341476417.
Texto completo國立中興大學
昆蟲學系所
98
Culiciodes spp. are the major vectors of bovine ephemeral fever. These investigations showed that the population density of Culicoides spp. was low in Winter, and increased in Spring, then the highest population density were found in Summer and Autumn. The results of Culicoides circadian rhythm showed that both Culicoides oxytoma and Culicoides nipponensis occurred in dairy. These investigations showed Culicoides spp. active in all day, and the low population of Culicoides spp. was active at noon, and then the highest population was active at dusk and dawn. By using the correlation analysis, the relative humidity were most correlative with activity of Culicoides population, whereae the temperature was not correlative with it. The numbers of outdoor and indoor were significantly different. However Culicoides were occurred mostly indoor. The numbers of females and males were significantly different. Female was more easily caught by light trap than male. The numbers of bloodfed and non-bloodfed midges were significantly different. The non-bloodfed midges were more than the bloodfed ones. In view of Culicoides control, the light trap could catch non-bloodfed female and do not turn off the trap could get most effective in control. The survey of Culicoides spp. in different animal farms showed that Culicoides oxytoma were the major species in many animal farms, while Culicoides arakawae was the major one in poultry farms. We found that find Culicides spp. was mainly active inside dairy, and the in numbers declined greatly at a distance 30m away from farm houses. Six different insecticides of pyrethroids exhibited that cyphenothrin was the most effective pyrethoid against female adults of Culicoides among three pyrethroids tested, and that cyphenothrin in combination with tetramethrin was more effective than without combination. Pyrethroide are lower toxic in mammal, so it can use in emergency control.
Gadawski, Piotr. "Species diversity and origin of non-biting midges (Chironomidae) from a geologically young lake and its old spring system". Phd diss., 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11089/32135.
Texto completoHuang, Shing-Ying y 黃杏英. "1.The Morphological Study Of The Biting Midge, Forcipomyia (Lasiohelea) Taiwana (Shiraki) 2.Serological Epidemiology Of The Biting Midge, Forcipomyia (Lasiohelea) Taiwana (Shiraki)". Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03405759495746518223.
Texto completo中山醫學院
生物化學研究所
88
Part I Forcipomyia (Lesiohelea) taiwana (Shiraki) was discovered and designated in 1913. This species is also called by many other names. The distribution of Shiraki was restricited, however, in recent years it was spread out rapidly and covered almost the whole Taiwan. In this local area (Taichung), this mosquito has been found and become an annoyance to local people. The Environment Protection Authority (EPA) and related departments have conducted the studies about larva breeding, ecology, and control of Forcipomyia (Lesiohelea) taiwana (Shiraki). The result showed that the efficacy of chemical control to larva is not as good as that to the mature mosquito. Since the classification of Forcipomyia spp based on the morphology of mature mosquito is difficult, the study on the morphology of other stages would be of great help in the classification. Therefore, the analysis for morphological characters in all stages are also important to the classification of a bloodsucking midge, Forcipomyia (Lasiohelea) taiwana (Shiraki). The materials in this study are collected from Ta-Ken area in Taichung by human baitting method. The ultra-structure of the midge was studied by means of scanning electron microscopy and analyzed for all stages. The data from this study will be helpful in the classification and chemical control for Forcipomia taiwana. Part II Abstract The major pourpose of the study is to analyze the relationship between the specific IgE of the Forcipomyia taiwana bited voluteers to mosquito allergen and serological epidemiology study. Based on this study, we hope to conduct the studies about Forcipomyia taiwana mosquito allergen locally and provide informations for the futural study. In this study, Western blot and ELISA technique were used to analyze the IgE antibody specific to the whole body extract components of Forcipomyia taiwana from 32 volunteers with common reactions belonging to stage 2 to 5. The result showed that the IgE level is higher in subjects with distinct skin reaction than that with faint skin reaction (P<0.05). Furthermore, it was noticed that the serum IgE level of people lived in Forcipomyia taiwana distributed area is lower than that in non-distributed area. A closed relationship between specific IgE and the skin reaction after exposured to mosquito bite has been observed in this study and so does the frequency of biting. These results revealed the importance of mosquito specific IgE antibodies in pathogenesis of mosquito-bite wheal. This finding is important in potential application for clinical diagnosis.
Guo, Ping-Hui y 郭蘋慧. "Distribution and Risk Analysis of the Biting Midge, Forcipomyia taiwana". Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/gz47kp.
Texto completo國立中興大學
應用經濟學系所
99
Forcipomyia taiwana, often mistaken for mosquitoes, is a tiny human-biting midge. Now it has endemically become a major nuisance pest in Taiwan. The nuisance due to biting and skin irritation threatens people''s quality of life and leisure activities. This study analyzes the effect of weather-related factors and local tourist numbers on the density of F. taiwana. We use regression methods to analyze the monthly collected data of F. taiwana in seven counties of Taiwan during the period of July 2008 to October 2010. The regression results show that temperature, relative humidity, rainy days, and number of tourists are positively correlated with midge density, while wind velocity and sunshine hours present negative correlation. Moreover, the population in spring and summer is much higher than in winter. Thus, pest control of the biting midge should start from winter before the outbreak in spring and summer. In addition, this study analyzes the global spatial autocorrelation and the local spatial autocorrelation to understand the spatial distribution of F. taiwana at the township level in Taiwan. The results demonstrate that the distribution of F. taiwana exhibits certain degree of spatial clustering and the spatially correlated hotspots are located in Taichung County, Taichung City, Nantou County, Tainan County, and Hualien County. Furthermore, we use the buffer analysis and overlay analysis of geographic information system to calculate how many residents and tourists are under the nuisance risk of F. taiwana for the high density midge areas. This preliminary risk analysis could provide the government with information for the pest management of F. taiwana.
Chen, Chi-Rong y 陳祈融. "The study of non-chemical managements on biting midge, Forcipomyia taiwana". Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/55574553414434278003.
Texto completo臺灣大學
昆蟲學研究所
98
Biting midge, Forcipomyia taiwana, is one of the most annoying blood-sucking pest in Taiwan. This study aimed on the non-chemical control strategy. There are three strategies proposed: 1. to inhibit the growth of blue green algae, 2. to investigate the repellent of the biting midge and 3. to investigate the oviposition attractant substrate for the biting midge. 1. Previous study suggested that the blue green algae were the best diet to larvae, therefore, inhibiting the algae growth represented the strategy for F. taiwana control. Current studies showed that three kinds of plant ash refined from corn stalk, rice stalk and herbage stalk dose-dependently inhibited the growth of Chlorella sp. The growth of Chlorella was inhibited up to 90% in the presence of 0.04 % ash, indicating that plant ashes are potential agents for Chlorella algae control. 2. The extract of djulis (Chenopodium formosanum) and two human-derived odors (geranylacetone (GA), 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one (6MHO) ) were investigated for their repellent effect on F. taiwana. The results showed that methanol extract of djulis leaf and seed, GA and GA+6MHO exhibit 100% repellency to F. taiwana at 1% concentration. The repellency of GA and GA+6MHO could even reach 80% at the lowest concentration 0.0016%. The repellent effect could last around 2.5 hr and 3 hr. at the concentration of 1% djulis extract and GA + 6MHO, respectively. 3. To assess the ovipositional attractants, the vapor odors of blue-green algae were identified by using solid phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that methylnathlene which was identified from Oscillatoria sp. was the most effective attractants for F. taiwana oviposition (attraction rate 64.0%).
Chang, po-hsi y 張伯熙. "Studies on the insecticides screen and attraction of biting midge, Forcipomyia taiwana". Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/95203647010254470228.
Texto completo國立中興大學
昆蟲學系
85
Various chemicals were adopted for chemical control of eggs, larvae and pupae of the Forcipomyia taiwana in laboratory including Organophosphate (Chlorpyrifos, Fenitrothion, Malathion, Primiphos-methyl), Pyrethrin (permethrin) and IGR (Pyriproxyfen and Diflubenzuron). Their LC50 to the eggs was 0.04874, 0.00076, 0.21142, 0.01733, 0.22468, 0.08719 and 0.06333 (% concentration=mg A.I./ml); The LC50 to the larvae was 0.00369, 0.03411, 0.01019, 0.01479, 0.02624, 0.16725 and 0.00636; the LC50 to the pupae was 0.00379, 0.01708, 0.01599, 0.00023, 0.11486, 1.23957 and 0.47191 respectively. Furthermore, the LC50 of Propoxur to the larvae was 0.03644, and that of the Esbiothrin of Pyrethrin was 0.07315. The LC50 to the female adults of the various chemicals related to pyrethrin including α-Cypermethrin, Bioallethrin, Cypermethrin, Cyphenothrin, d-Allethrin,δ-Tetramethrin, Deltamethrin, Esbiothrin, Dadethrin, Permethrin, Phenothrin and S- Bioallethrinf was 0.00024, 0.00006, 0.00179, 0.00339, 0.02384, 0.00060, 0.00367, 0.00185, 0.03158, 0.00018, 0.00028 and 0.00013, respectively. The results showed that the tested chemicals were very effective in controlling eggs, larvae and pupae at laboratory.By making use of the preference of F. taiwana, they could be trapped by physical control with a artificial blood membrane added by human blood and lactic acid, black flannelette spread by human perspiration all of which were placed 100 cm above the ground at 39 ℃ water bath . The midge would also approach to CO2 mixed with human breath and dry ice. Based on these observations, an auto trap for F. taiwana was invented. When comparing the effectiveness of different sources of CO2 that the trap adopted, CO2 discharged from a steel tube was better than that from other resources. Heater did not influence the trapping effect of CO2. As for colors of background of the sucker, black, yellow, blue and green were more effective in attracting the midge than brown, red, dark red and white. Regarding the proper distance of the trap from the ground, it could attracted more adults at 40-70 cm above the ground but not at all beyond 230 cm. The best CO2 discharged rate was 200 and 500 ml/min especially when the discharge exit was placed at 15-20 cm from the fan blades. When the wind blowing rate was higher than 2.2 m/s, no midge could be caught. However, when it was under 0.5 m/s, the numbers greatly increased. When three sets of traps were placed in areas with high density of the midge for a long time, the mean numbers of the midge they caught were 346.7, 422.7 and 327. The investigation of the density of daily population presence by the trap found that the peak appeared from 16:00 to 17:00, the result being similar to that of the study by the human body.
Yi-Hsing, Chen MD y 陳怡行. "Clinical characterization, immune mechanisms, allergen cloning and identification of Forcipomyia taiwana (biting midge) allergy". Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/20205915067839350762.
Texto completo東海大學
生命科學系
97
Forcipomyia taiwana is a tiny (1-1.5 mm) blood-sucking midge that is distributed island-wide in urban and suburban Taiwan as well as in southern China. Our study aimed to elucidate the clinical characteristics and immune mechanisms of F. taiwana allergy in addition to identify and clone the major F. taiwana allergens. Our study revealed that about 60% of the subjects develop hypersensitivity reactions to Forcipomyia taiwana bites. There are two types of reactions after bites: 1) immediate reaction: large local swelling develops within one hour of bites 2) delayed reaction: intense itching papules and vesicles occur 12 to 24 hours after bites and may last for weeks or even months. We found that the immediate large local reaction is IgE-mediated and the 22-, 24-, 35/36- and 64-kDa proteins are major F. taiwana allergens. However, IgE is not the major molecule mediated delayed reactions to F. taiwana bites. We found that PBMC from patients with solely delayed reactions markedly proliferated and secreted more interferon-gamma, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha than the non-allergic subjects suggested that a Th1 type inflammation may be involved in delayed reactions. Protease- activated pathway may also involve in F. taiwana allergy. We constructed a ZAPII cDNA library using F. taiwana mRNA and then screened by plaque immunoassay with pooled patients’ sera or rabbit anti-For t 2 antibody. The cDNA insert of IgE-reactive and anti-For t 2-reactive clones were sequenced and subcloned into the expression vectors, pET30 or pQE30. A 24 kDa recombinant fusion protein (rFor t 1.0101) and a 36kDa (rFor t 2.0101) nonfusion recombinant protein were obtained and purified by His-tag affinity column. The recombinant For t 1.0101 reacted with 67.8% of the patient IgE by ELISA and shows 65.3% sequence homology to serine/threonine protein kinase of Aedes aegypti (mosquito). The recombinant For t 2.0101 reacted with 75% of the patient IgE by ELISA and shows 77.9% identity to eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit of Aedes aegypti (mosquito). We cloned two major F. taiwana allergens, rFor t 1.0101 and rFor t 2.0101. The recombinant F. taiwana allergens will become a useful source for future development of standard diagnostic tool and immunotherapy vaccine for biting midge allergy.
Wang, Huei-Peng y 王惠鵬. "The chemical control of the Biting Midge,Forcipomyia(Lasiohelea)taiwana(Shiraki)(Diptera:ceratopoonidae at Nantou area)". Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36268533205363579816.
Texto completo國立中興大學
昆蟲學系
85
The biting midge, Forcipomyia (Lasiohelea) taiwana (Shiraki), spreads all over Taiwan, except Keelung, Miauli, Pintong and Taitong, causing affliction in areas such as Taipei county, I-lan county, Taoyuan county, Hsinchu county, Changhua county, Yunlin county, Nantou county, Taichung county, Chiayi county, Tainan county, Hualien county and Koushiung county. For the chemical control of adult in the laboratory, pyrethrin was found to be more efficient than organophosphate in its knock-down effect. For the larva control, because all of the chemicals tested in the laboratory could contact the larvae so they all proved to be effective in killing. As for the egg and pupa control, the chemicals containing Chlorpyrifos or Primiphos-methyl had more lethal effect. In the winter, the administration of chemical control in field could delay the population growth of F. taiwana in the following spring and thus inhibited the outbreak of the population during June, July and August. In Nantou areas where such administration were undertaken included Chungliao community, Chungliao junior high school, Swangwen village, Shijoutzy in Chunshan country, Fuhjou alley, Leryuan in Chichi country, Ailiao community, Ailiao elementary school. However, the chemical control was less successful in Rueytian elementary school because the chemicals were not able to cover the whole intended area due to the existence of tea farms. At Shioufeng village, the outbreak of F. taiwana occurred after July because IGR was not effective in larvae control. As for the effectiveness of different administration methods of chemical control in the winter, IGR to larvae was less efficient than other organophosphate chemicals. Fog and ULV application to control adults are effective. If the breeding sites of F. taiwana could be located and sprayed with effective chemicals, a more effective control could be achieved.
Chun, Chieh Tseng y 曾俊傑. "The Relationship between Sites with Engineering Measures in Slopeland and the habitats of the Biting Midge, Forcipomyia taiwana". Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94686848253371366321.
Texto completo國立中興大學
水土保持學系
92
The habitats for Forcipomyia taiwana are abundant in Bryophytes and Anabaena. The Anabaena and Bryophytes also grow well in the faults of structure. This study, therefore, try to investigate the correlation between the structure faults and the habitats of F.taiwana. According to numbers of F.taiwana captured at three sites formed 200m distance as triangular area within 4.2 ha campus of Ai-lan Primary School. Drainage ditch of dead water under the big trees had more F.taiwana than other two sites .The latter sites were the clear ditch under retarding wall and ditch of dead water near asphalt pavement. The first comer of F.taiwana appeared after 2-3 minutes. While last comer came after 25 minutes. No F.taiwana had ever appeared for ditches without dead water located on foot of Futo San. It is believed that the quantity of F.taiwana is more in the ditch of dead water than that of the clear ditch; shade, than the sunshine; the naked ground, than the concrete or the asphalt; the concrete with Bryophytes, than the nothing.
Chuang, Yi-yuan y 莊益源. "The life cycle of the biting midge, Forcipomyia (Lasiohelea) taiwana (Shiraki) (Diptera:Ceratopogonidae) and their seasonal occurrence at Nontou area". Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/83672550084806395078.
Texto completo國立中興大學
昆蟲學系
83
The biting midge, Forcipomyia (Lasiohelea) taiwanara: Ceratopogonidae) is a blood sucking insect. At 25 C, it oviposited eggs 3.5 dayspost blood meal on the moisture surface of media, the average numbers of the oviposited eggs were 29.0 and the hatch rate 56.3%. After the eggs hatched, they were fed on seven combinations of the three different diets, namely yeast, pork liverpowder and algae. It was found that when fed in group on 4 different mixtures of algae, the developmental duration of the larva was the shortest, the pupation rate highest and the adult longevity longest. However, when fed on these diets, the larval stage lasted 12 day, the pupal stage 3.9 days and pupation rate reached 71.4%, emergence rate 82.2%. After emergence, the average longevity of the female was 38.3 days, and that of the male was 22.6 days. When F. taiwana was reared individually, the developmental duration for each stage increased as the temperature declined. The adult longevity also increased as the temperature decreased. The sources of the light and the size of thecage are two influential factors on the mating of the F. taiwana. To easult in successful matting, the cage was found to be minimally 30X30X30 cm with nature sunlight. Under this condition, the insemination rate of the female was 19.8%. The rate reached 43.7% when the cage expanded to be 60X60X60 cm. The population of F. taiwana are distributed at eleven counties in Taiwan. From 1990 to the present time, by the human body as the bait, the study of the seasonal succession has been conducted in Nantou county, including Shioufeng Village and Ailiau community. It has been discovered that the population density reached its lowest point during November to March, gradually climbed up from late March on early April, arrived at the peak during June and July, and then declined again.
Hsieh, Po-Yueh y 謝伯岳. "Studies on the oviposition, population dynamics and the susceptibility to insect growth regulators of biting midge, Forcipomyia taiwana (Shiraki)(Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)". Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92375188100751558223.
Texto completo中興大學
昆蟲學系所
95
The gonotrophic cycle of the blood-feeding females of Forcipomyia taiwana (Shiraki) were complete at 15℃, 20℃, 25℃, 30℃, and 35℃. Egg developmental rate in the gravid female is increase with temperature rising, and the oviposition rate of gravid female is significantly high at 25℃ and 30℃. Normally, there are circadian rhythm phenomenon in the ovipositiion of gravid female under 25℃, the higher peak of eggs laid are located at 12:00 to 18:00. The oviposition of gravid female F. taiwana is effected by the temperature, light, and the food of larva, and the light factor is most important that affects the oviposition. Pyriproxyfen is the effectiveness insect growth regulator (IGR) on the susceptibility of 2nd and 4th larva of F. taiwana among the three tested IGRs, Pyriproxyfen, Flufenoxuron, and Chlorofluazuron. There are 125 village or towns in 13 counties occurs F. taiwana under the distribution investigation during August to October, 2006. A highest collected record is at the 900 meters high upper sea in Nantou area. Seasonal dynamic of the population of F. taiwana was surveyed at two countries area, Shioufeng in Lugu village and Hsiolin in Jhushan township during May, 2005 to May 2007. These investigations show the low population density of F. taiwana in winter and early Spring seasons, and the density were increasing with temperature higher, than the highest population density was located at Summer seasons, in July and August. The dynamic of F. taiwana population density were affected by climate fluctuation. By using the correlation and multiple regression analysis, the temperature, relative humidity, and raining period are the most correlation meteorological factors with population density of F. taiwana, especially two weeks before the midge collected.