Tesis sobre el tema "Bimodalità"
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Assaker, Carine. "Synthèse et caractérisation de titanates mésoporeux organisés". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0094/document.
Texto completoIn this work we will study in detail the properties of the mesoporous TiO2 materials, for which the preparation was developed previously via a method combining Liquid Crystal Templating (LCT) and EISA mechanisms, using P123 as template. We have tested, in the first time, extraction and thermal methods efficiency to eliminate surfactant in order to optimize the P123 elimination step. Removal of P123 using water followed by washing with acetone is effective, easy and promotes the formation of the anatase phase of TiO2. Otherwise, the photocatalytic properties of the obtained TiO2 are not important and can be improved after calcination. Combining extraction using water and calcination give rise to mesoporous TiO2 with better photocatalytic activity than that of commercial anatase. The incorporation of zinc and tungsten in the mesoporous well-ordered TiO2 has been investigated in the third time, in order to improve their photocatalytic activity. The introduction of small amounts of zinc (<10 mol%) increases the surface area; beyond this amount the mesostructure is lost. The incorporation of tungsten in the mesoporous TiO2 does not affect the mesopores organization, and orthorhombic WO3 aggregates are formed beside the mesoporous network of anatase TiO2. Although, the presence of zinc or tungsten oxides in the matrix decreases the bandgap of mesoporous TiO2, the photocatalytic activity is not improved. In the third time, the synthesis of bimodal porosity materials, using a mixed surfactant systems hydrogenated/fluorinated, CTABr/RF8(EO)9 and P123/RF8(EO)9, was explored. Based on the phase diagrams of these two systems in water, micellar solutions and liquid crystals have been investigated to prepare mesoporous silicas using two mechanisms CTM and LCT. When CTABr is present, pores of one size in the mesoporous range are observed, however, it is possible that bimodal type micro-mesopores exist. The use of the hexagonal liquid crystal phase of P123/RF8(EO)9 provides two separate pore sizes materials in the mesoporous range
Forsman, Erika. "Delaktighet i det bimodalt tvåspråkiga klassrummet : Delaktighet i det bimodalt tvåspråkiga klassrummet". Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-45904.
Texto completoMercier, D. "Bimodalité en collisions périphériques et centrales : systématiques et comparaisons". Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00354154.
Texto completoMercier, Damien. "Bimodalité en collisions périphériques et centrales : systématiques et comparaisons". Caen, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008CAEN2043.
Texto completoDuring the last few years, bimodality in heavy ions collisions has been observed for different systems, on large energy scale (from 35 MeV/u up to 1 GeV/u). In this thesis, the bimodal behaviour of the largest fragment distribution (Zmax) is studied for different INDRA data sets. For peripheral collisions (Au+Au from 60 to 150 MeV/u, Xe+Sn 80-100 MeV/u), the influence of sorting and selections on bimodality is tested. Then, two different approaches based on models are considered. In the first one (ELIE), bimodality would reflect mainly the collision geometry and the Fermi motion of the nucleon. In the second one (SMM), bimodality would reflect a phase transition of nuclear matter. The data are in favour of the second model. Zmax can then be considered as an order parameter of the transition. A reweighting procedure producing a flat excitation energy distribution is used to achieve comparisons between various bombarding energies and theoretical predictions based on a canonical approach. A latent heat of the transition is extracted. For central collisions (Ni+Ni from 32 to 74 MeV/u and Xe+Sn from 25 to 50 MeV/u) single source events are isolated by a Discriminant Factor Analysis. Bimodality is then looked for, in cumulating the different incident energies and in applying the reweighting procedure of the corresponding excitation energy as done for peripheral collisions. The bimodality behaviour is less evidence for central collisions than for peripheral ones. The possible reasons of this difference are discussed
Lee, Dana K. "Evidence of gulf stream bimodality on a several month timescale". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/25951.
Texto completoMaltais, Martin. "La politique de bimodalité de l'UQÀM de 2000 à 2011". Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29100/29100.pdf.
Texto completoAubrey, Andrew James. "Exploiting the bimodality of speech in the cocktail party problem". Thesis, Cardiff University, 2008. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/54719/.
Texto completoHarris, William E., Stephanie M. Ciccone, Gwendolyn M. Eadie, Oleg Y. Gnedin, Douglas Geisler, Barry Rothberg y Jeremy Bailin. "GLOBULAR CLUSTER SYSTEMS IN BRIGHTEST CLUSTER GALAXIES. III. BEYOND BIMODALITY". IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622870.
Texto completoParker, Marine. "Ethologie et rythmes biologiques du chat". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAJ126/document.
Texto completoBiological rhythms are of importance for living organisms as they help to schedule most behavioural processes within the most suitable temporal window. Literature on daily rhythmicity is scarce and conflicting regarding domestic cats. To sharpen our knowledge on the subject, we used advanced telemetry technologies to record and characterise the daily rhythms of locomotor activity and feeding in cats according to the seasons and housing conditions. The cats were sensitive to photoperiod and to human presence. Along 24-hour periodicity, they displayed bimodality in their daily patterns, with mid-day and mid-night troughs of locomotor activity and food consumption. The two main activity/eating periods corresponded to dawn and dusk at each season, regardless of the twilight timings, confirming the crepuscular intrinsic nature of the species. The feeding rhythm of the cats was more variable daily than their locomotor activity one, recalling the opportunistic character of this predator. Cats displayed plasticity in their behaviour, such as weaker daily rhythms and more nocturnal exploratory behaviour outdoors, compared to indoors where they were more prone to routine. Our results open new avenues for developing nutritional and housing guidelines fitted to the rhythms of the cats according to their way of life
Rivet, Bertrand. "La bimodalité de la parole au secours de la séparation de sources". Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00200871.
Texto completoSandoval, Rich A. "Gesture-speech bimodalism in Arapaho grammar| An interactional approach". Thesis, University of Colorado at Boulder, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10151086.
Texto completoArapaho is an Algonquian language with few remaining speakers, but it is well represented in the literature (e.g. Salzmann 1961). The Arapaho dialect of Plains Indian Sign Language has also received a considerable amount of attention (e.g. West 1960). However, there is scant attention to an easily observable property of Arapaho: The manual gestures used by Arapaho speakers are cross-linguistically atypical. The configurations and precision of the gestures, as well as how they are integrated with speech, are much more conventional than what has been reported for other spoken languages. In this dissertation, I take a first step in describing the relationship between gesture and speech in Arapaho, and I use the term 'bimodalism' to underscore the linguistic nature of this relationship.
I also address the problem of how to approach a description of bimodalism. The classic approach to language description has framed researcher interests, methodologies, and documentational techniques in a way that does not motivate an analysis of the linguistic potential that gesture might have together with speech. I therefore use an interactional approach, which has a methodology and theoretical framework that is more sensitive to bimodalism (e.g. Fox 1987; Hanks 1990; Goodwin 1996; Enfield 2003; Blythe 2010).
I build on previous work on Arapaho grammar (notably Cowell and Moss Sr. 2008) by using the interactional approach to examine linguistic reference within Arapaho speakers' spontaneous narratives. I argue that hand pointing and spoken demonstratives are complementary resources that Arapaho storytellers use to signal discourse relevance, which involves the relational statuses and spatial arrangements of the characters in their narratives. I show the depth of the relationship between pointing and demonstratives in Arapaho by examining a bimodal construction that I call the “viewpoint anchoring construction”.
Peureux, Charles. "Observation et modélisation des propriétés directionnelles des ondes de gravité courtes". Thesis, Brest, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BRES0091/document.
Texto completoShort surface gravity waves are ubiquitous at the ocean surface, with lengths from a few tens of meters to a meter typically.Knowing their propagation directions at sea is important in several respects, especially for the understanding of sea-state dynamics, airsea interactions and particles surface drift.Their directional distributions are here investigated in the light of the recent progress made in instrumentation techniques. The analysis of ocean bottom seismo-acoustic noise records allows for the extraction of a quasi-universal behavior which indirectly depends on this distribution through the socalled overlap integral. It is coherent with direct observations of the wave field obtained from tri-dimensional reconstructions of the ocean surface elevation field. While the propagation direction of long waves aligns with the wind direction, short waves progressively detach from it towards small scales (bimodality).Comparing those measurements with the predictions of a spectral numerical wave model, based on WAVEWATCH®III environment, allows to realize that they provide qualitatively correct but quantitatively incorrect predictions. One of the possibilities here explored to correct for it, is by accounting for the sources of energy at ±90° to the wind direction, which could be associated with the breaking of long waves. This source term on its own does not explain the shapes of the observed directional distributions. Other mechanisms could come into play that future investigations will help clarify
Al, Watban Abdullatif Sulaiman. "A novel method for integrative biological studies". Thesis, University of Exeter, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/23208.
Texto completoPichon, Matthieu. "Bimodalité et autres signatures possibles de la transition de phase liquide-gaz de la matière nucléaire". Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007451.
Texto completoSpyckerelle, Olivier. "Etude par diffusion des neutrons aux petits angles de l'influence de la bimodalité sur l'auto-renforcement de réseaux élastomères modèles". Mulhouse, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MULH0742.
Texto completoSeveral hydroxytelechelic poly(dimethylsiloxane) chains were crosslinked through a condensation reaction to obtain mono- and bimodal model networks. Mechanical tests highlighted a clear improvement of the ultimate mechanical properties for bimodal networks containing 20 to 30% by weight of short chains and when the size ratio of the chains is high. Analysis of the swollen networks by small angle neutron scattering evidenced the occurrence of a structure (scale 10Å) similar to the thermal fluctuations observed in semi-diluted solutions. Bimodal networks exhibit a second structure (scale 100Å) corresponding to the existence of concentration fluctuations. When the short chain content increases, the size of this structure only slightly changes while scattering intensity goes through a maximum. The origin of this structure and its effects on self-reinforcement are discussed and lead to the proposition of a model
Zhai, Zengqiang. "Molecular dynamics simulation of uni and bi-modal semicrystalline polymers : Nucleation, chain topology and microstructure". Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEI069.
Texto completoSemicrystalline polymers (such as polyethylene, polylactic acid, polyamide, etc.) are used in a wide range of application (such as automotive, pipes, gearing, etc.) due to promoted mechanical properties. There is strong link between the mechanical properties and microstructure of semicrystalline polymer, such as bimodality, molecular topology (the way polymer chains pass through crystalline and amorphous phases), chain entanglements, lamellar thickness, temperature, and so on. However, these microstructure cannot be access quantitatively in experiment. There exists some molecular dynamics investigations, but the homogeneous crystallization is very difficult to achieve and not extensively discussed. Thus, the crystallization mechanism of polymers and the dependence of microstructure remain relatively unclear and controversy. In this thesis, we have performed the homogeneous crystallization of polymers using a coarse-grained molecular dynamics (CG-MD) model published in our previous article 1, which favors chain alignment and crystallization. The main objective of this thesis is to use CG-MD simulation technique to provide more insights of the homogeneous nucleation and crystal growth behavior of bimodal and unimodal MWD polymers, the influence of bimodality on the molecular topology (loop, tie, cilia) and entanglement concentration, the chain disentanglement process and its influence on lamellar thickening as well the temperature dependence
Maras, Emile. "Du nanofil bimétallique isolé à la distribution de nanofils codéposés : une vision d'ensemble(s)". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00765965.
Texto completoRydén, Sofia. "Bimodal tvåspråkighet hos elever med hörselnedsättning : En multimodal samtalsanalytisk studie av klassrumsinteraktion i två hörselklasser". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Svenska/Nordiska språk, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-126466.
Texto completoBimodal bilingualism among people with hearing loss is an area of research with limited extent. This study aims to highlight how bimodal bilingualism can work in a class of hard-of hearing students. Through partaking observation, video recordings of interaction in the classrooms have been made, which later have been transcribed with a multimodal conversation analysis approach. The multimodal conversation analysis comprises both the spoken and the signed interaction. Based on the questions of how and in what way signs and the sign language are used in classroom interaction, the results show that code-blending, i.e. simultaneous use of speech and signs, was common among both teachers and students. Another common phenomenon that emerged in the classroom observations is code-switching, which occurs when pupils change their language for specific purposes, e.g. to whisper to each other during the ongoing lesson. Another feature code-switching demonstrated was the ability to conduct schismings during an ongoing activity.
Buchin, Anatoly. "Modeling of single cell and network phenomena of the nervous system : ion dynamics during epileptic oscillations and inverse stochastic resonance". Thesis, Paris, Ecole normale supérieure, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENSU0041/document.
Texto completoIn this thesis we used dynamical systems methods and numericalsimulations to study the mechanisms of epileptic oscillations associated with ionconcentration changes and cerebellar Purkinje cell bimodal behavior. The general issue in this work is the interplay between single neuron intrinsicproperties and synaptic input structure controlling the neuronal excitability. In the first part of this thesis we focused on the role of the cellular intrinsicproperties, their control over the cellular excitability and their response to thesynaptic inputs. Specifically we asked the question how the cellular changes ininhibitory synaptic function might lead to the pathological neural activity. We developed a model of seizure initiation in temporal lobe epilepsy. Specifically we focused on the role of KCC2 cotransporter that is responsible for maintaining the baseline extracellular potassium and intracellular chloride levels in neurons. Recent experimental data has shown that this cotransporter is absent in the significant group of pyramidal cells in epileptic patients suggesting its epileptogenic role. We found that addition of the critical amount of KCC2-deficient pyramidal cells to the realistic subiculum network can switch the neural activity from normal to epileptic oscillations qualitatively reproducing the activity recorded in human epileptogenic brain slices. In the second part of this thesis we studied how synaptic noise might control the Purkinje cell excitability. We investigated the effect of spike inhibition caused by noise current injection, so-called inverse stochastic resonance (ISR). This effect has been previously found in single neuron models while we provided its first experimental evidence. We found that Purkinje cells in brain slices could be efficiently inhibited by current noise injections. This effect is well reproduced by the phenomenological model fitted for different cells. Using methods of information theory we showed that ISR supports an efficient information transmission of single Purkinje cells suggesting its role for cerebellar computations
Prats, i. Fernández Miquel Àngel. "La incorporació de les TIC a l'ensenyament universitari presencial. Descripció, anàlisi i avaluació d'una experiència d'introducció de les TIC en un model d'ensenyament universitari presencial a partir del cas a la FPCEE Blanquerna". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Ramon Llull, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/9235.
Texto completoAtesa la naturalesa del que es volia investigar, doncs, hem volgut aproximar-nos metodològicament a un enfocament científic emergent o multiparadigmàtic.
Per tant, aquesta recerca se centra en l'avaluació, en la descripció i en l'anàlisi de la mostra observada, alhora que ens apropa en un nou escenari didàctic dins l'ensenyament superior basat en la bimodalitat presencial. Una bimodalitat presencial entesa a partir de les sinergies entre una varietat multimetodològica d'activitats i dinàmiques presencials a l'aula i una extensió de la mateixa presència, a partir del complement i del suport de les TIC.
El objetivo central de nuestro trabajo ha sido, en primer lugar, describir y analizar lo que sucede cuando se incorporan las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) en un modelo formativo presencial de enseñanza superior; en segundo lugar, observar el proceso de interacción didáctica durante la progresiva incorporación de las TIC en la enseñanza superior; en tercer lugar, explicar el proceso de construcción de una plataforma telemática y, consecuentemente, ser motores de cambio y mejora desde la misma práctica educativa del proceso didáctico mediante el soporte de las TIC en la enseñanza superior presencial.
Dada la naturaleza de lo que se quería investigar, nos hemos aproximado metodológicamente a un enfoque emergente o multiparadigmático.
Esta investigación se centra en la evaluación, descripción y análisis de la muestra observada y se aproxima a un nuevo escenario didáctico en la enseñanza superior basado en la Bimodalidad presencial.
Bimodalidad presencial que se entiende a partir de las interacciones entre una diversidad multimetodológica de actividades y dinámicas presenciales en clase y de una extensión de la misma presencia, a partir del complemento y soporte de las TIC.
The central objective of my thesis has been, in the first place, to describe and to analyse what happens when ICT is incorporated into a formative presence model of higher education; secondly, to observe the didactic interaction process during the progressive incorporation of the ICT into higher education; thirdly, to explain the process of construction of a web learning platform, consequently, to be the motor of change and improvement from the practice of the didactic process with the support of the ICT into higher education.
Given the nature of this kind of research, we have come closer, methodologically, to emergent or multiparadigmatic approach.
This research is based in the evaluation, description and analysis of the observed sample and it deepens into a new didactic scene in higher education based on the "Bimodalidad presencial". By this term, we mean a set of interactions between a multimethodologic diversity of dynamic activities in the class-room plus an extension of distance learning, through the use of the ICT.
Ricciardelli, Elena. "Semi-analytical models of galaxy formation and comparison with observations". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3426002.
Texto completoBonnet, Eric. "Multifragmentation de systèmes lourds : partitions et signaux de transition de phases". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00121736.
Texto completoAligerová, Zuzana. "Molekulární signatura jako optimální multi-objektivní funkce s aplikací v predikci v onkogenomice". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-220727.
Texto completoBenhouria, Maher. "Stabilisation de la chaîne d'acquisition analogique du scanner LabPET[indice supérieur TM] II". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/10157.
Texto completoFernandes, Sebastião Grave Caldeira. "Avaliação de eficiência de ordenha e do seu impacto na exploração leiteira em efetivos da região Sul de Portugal". Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/21039.
Texto completoPara maximizar o retorno do capital investido na sala de ordenha, devem ser ordenhadas de forma suave e completa o maior número de vacas no menor intervalo de tempo possível. A ordenha bimodal e a sobreordenha, representam os principais eventos, que influem negativamente na eficiência do processo de remoção do leite e na saúde do teto. Com os objetivos de investigar a prevalência de bimodalidade da ordenha e sobreordenha, na região sul de Portugal, determinar quais as variáveis individuais e da exploração associadas com estas ocorrências, e avaliar o impacto da sobreordenha e da ordenha bimodal no fluxo médio de leite durante a ordenha e na produção de leite por ordenha, 21 explorações na região sul de Portugal, foram visitadas uma vez, durante o período de estudo. Foi cronometrada a rotina de ordenha, avaliada a condição dos tetos e feita avaliação dinâmica do vácuo de ordenha. Foram obtidos 607 registos gráficos de vácuo, em média a 29 ± 3 registos por exploração, de forma a avaliar de forma indireta o fluxo de leite e assim determinar a ocorrência de ordenha bimodal e o tempo em sobreordenha. A percentagem média de bimodalidade por exploração foi 41.7%. O tempo mediano em sobreordenha dos 607 animais avaliados foi 59 segundos, e em média 78.3% das vacas, de cada exploração, estiveram pelos menos 30 segundos em sobreordenha. Foi encontrada uma associação entre a ocorrência de ordenha bimodal e o número de dias em leite (P=0.0004), o tempo total de estimulação (P=0.0331) e o tempo de latência (P=0.001). O incremento do tempo total de estimulação médio (P=0.02) e do número de passagens durante a preparação (P=0.0289) foi associado a uma diminuição da proporção de bimodalidade. A paridade (P<0.0001), a recolocação da unidade de ordenha (P=0.0091) e a ordenha em modo manual (P<0.0001) foram associados ao aumento do tempo em sobreordenha de uma vaca. Já a presença de coletores obstruídos (P=0.0387) e a redução do fluxo de retirada (P=0.0056) estão associadas ao aumento do tempo mediano em sobreordenha na exploração. O fluxo médio de leite diminuiu com o aumento do tempo em sobreordenha (P<0.0001) e em ordenhas bimodais (P=0.0002). Registou-se uma associação entre a bimodalidade (P<0.0001) e a redução do leite ordenhado. Estes resultados são demonstrativos do impacto da bimodalidade e da sobreordenha na eficiência de ordenha, e reforçam a importância da ação dos ordenhadores e do funcionamento da sala de ordenha para sua prevenção.
ABSTRACT - Evaluation of milking efficiency and its impact on dairy farming in herds in southern Portugal - To maximize the return on capital invested in the milking parlor, the largest number of cows should be milked gently and completely in the shortest possible time. Bimodal milk flow and overmilking are the main events, which negatively influence the efficiency of the milk removal process and the teat health. With the objective of investigating the prevalence of bimodal milk flow and overmilking, in the south of Portugal, determine which individual and farm-related variables are associated with these occurrences, determining the impact of overmilking and bimodal milk flow on the average milk flow and milk yield by milking session, 21 farms in the south of Portugal were visited once during the study period. The milking routine was timed, the teat condition was assessed, and dynamic evaluation of the milking vacuum was performed. A total of 607 vacuum graphic records were obtained, with an average of 29 ± 3 records per farm, in order to indirectly evaluate the milk flow and thus determine the occurrence of bimodal milking and the time in overmilking. The average percentage of bimodality per farm was 41.7%. The median overmilking time of the 607 evaluated cows was 59 seconds, and on average 78.3% of the cows, in a herd, were overmilked for more than 30 seconds. An association was found between the occurrence of bimodal milking and the number of days in milk (P=0.0004), the total stimulation time (P=0.0331) and the latency time (P=0.001). The increase in the mean total stimulation time (P=0.02) and the number of passes during preparation (P=0.0289) was associated with a decrease in the proportion of bimodality. Parity (P<0.0001), reattachment of the milking unit (P=0.0091) and milking in manual mode (P<0.0001) were associated with an increase in the overmilking time of an individual cow. The presence of clogged air bleed hole in the claw (P=0.0387) and the reduction of the take-off flow (P=0.0056) were associated with an increase in the herd’s median overmilking time. The average milk flow decreased with the increase of overmilking time (P<0.0001) and with the occurrence of bimodal milk flow (P=0.0002). An association was also found between the occurrence of bimodal milk flow (P<0.0001) and decreased milk yield. These results demonstrate the impact of bimodality and overmilking on milking efficiency and reinforce the importance of the milkers’ actions and the functioning of the milking parlour for its prevention.
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Kim, Hang Joon. "The Generalized Multiset Sampler: Theory and Its Application". The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1338332071.
Texto completoGuzman, Cardozo Gustavo A. Guzman. "Bimodal Amphiphilic Polymer Conetworks: Structure-Property Characterization, Processing and Applications". University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1471428782.
Texto completoMusner, Tommaso. "Transport Processes and Optimization Strategies in Wetland Design". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3423098.
Texto completoLe zone di transizione tra entroterra e mare costituiscono una porzione di territorio molto importante dal punto di vista ambientale e naturalistico. Esse rappresentano un naturale filtro per tutte quelle specie chimiche che sono prodotte da fonti di inquinamento diffuse (dilavamento di suoli agricoli) o occulte (scarichi non collettati o irregolari) che possono creare, se non opportunamente trattate, problemi di eutrofizzazione e di qualità delle acque lungo le coste. I tradizionali metodi di depurazione si rivelano poco efficaci nel trattare questo tipo di effluenti, per le grandi portate da gestire e per le relativamente basse concentrazioni di inquinanti. Risulta importante quindi, nell'impossibilità di impiegare i tradizionali impianti di depurazione, comprendere le dinamiche di trasporto negli ambienti naturali (fiumi e aree umide) e i meccanismi di rimozione degli inquinanti in tali zone, in modo da poterle utilizzare per riassorbire, in modo sostenibile e naturale, il carico di inquinanti che altrimenti raggiungerebbe direttamente le coste. A questo scopo è necessario focalizzare l'attenzione sui processi di ritenzione e sulla formulazione di appropriati strumenti modellistici che consentano ai tecnici e ai modellisti una comprensione sufficientemente ampia dei fenomeni e forniscano loro degli strumenti pratici che aiutino nella gestione e riprogettazione di queste aree tampone. Nel Capitolo 1 viene analizzato il ruolo di differenti processi di trasporto focalizzando l'attenzione su diverse scale spaziali e temporali di analisi e descrivendo i principali approcci modellistici utilizzati per trattare ciascun fenomeno. E' evidenziato il contributo di ciascun termine al bilancio di massa e sono prese in considerazione le chiusure modellistiche più classiche oggi adottate. Nel Capitolo 2 si analizzano le caratteristiche dei processi di ritenzione in tre diversi corsi d'acqua mettendo in relazione le diverse chiusure modellistiche adottate in funzione delle caratteristiche planimetriche degli alvei, della loro composizione vegetazionale e delle caratteristiche di permeabilità del fondo. L'analisi \'e eseguita utilizzando il modello di trasporto monodimensionale STIR (Solute Transport In Rivers) che si presta a descrivere le curve di concentrazione implementando una vasta gamma di fenomeni di ritenzione a diverse scale temporali, descritte da specifiche distribuzioni dei tempi di residenza del soluto in ciascun comparto di ritenzione. L'accordo dei dati sperimentali con le curve di concentrazione mostra come si possa, tramite analisi inversa, caratterizzare un fiume dal punto di vista della ritenzione. Il Capitolo 3 prende in considerazione un'area umida bidimensionale di cui si risolvono, con un approccio modellistico alle acque basse, l'idrodinamica e il trasporto di massa. Una opportuna procedura di analisi dei risultati numerici è utilizzata per determinare le distribuzioni dei tempi di residenza dell'area umida in funzione di una particolare distribuzione di vegetazione che riproduce un canale principale delimitato da due zone laterali a maggiore densità di vegetazione. A diversi rapporti di densità corrisponde una specifica forma della distribuzione che presenta, al di sotto di uno specifico valore di soglia, una evidente bimodalità. Per rappresentare opportunamente tale fenomeno, comune negli ambienti naturali, con un approccio modellistico mono-dimensionale di più semplice utilizzo, è proposta in questo capitolo, una nuova versione del modello STIR denominata STIR-DTD. Il Capitolo 4 presenta un approccio innovativo di ottimizzazione alla progettazione di un'area umida. La risoluzione numerica di un modello bidimensionale alle acque basse tramite il modello TELEMAC2D è integrata infatti con un algoritmo evolutivo di ottimizzazione. Allo stadio iniziale dell'evoluzione, è definita, in modo casuale, una popolazione di individui (ciascun individuo rappresenta una specifica distribuzione di zone vegetate) di cui il modello valuta l'efficienza depurativa. A partire dal livello di efficienza depurativa dimostrata da ciascuna distribuzione, l'algoritmo evolutivo, tramite specifici operatori genetici che mimano i processi di selezione naturali, evolve la popolazione verso la distribuzione di vegetazione che massimizza l'abbattimento di inquinanti. I test effettuati mostrano come la distribuzione ottimale evolva verso configurazioni che tendono a coprire tutta l'area vegetata disponibile o, qualora questa sia fissata, a prolungare il più possibile i percorsi di flusso all'interno delle aree vegetate. Il Capitolo 5 riporta i risultati di una prima analisi eseguita su campi random di vegetazione, descritti da una opportuna funzione densità di probabilità spaziale (Gaussiana). La risoluzione tramite un modello bidimensionale accoppiato ad uno di trasporto e decadimento mostra come l'efficienza depurativa e la portata siano correlabili con i parametri (densità media, varianza e lunghezza di correlazione) che caratterizzano la particolare distribuzione statistica di vegetazione adottata.
Lescure, Robin. "Développement d’azaBODIPYs fonctionnalisables pour la conception de sondes d’imagerie bimodale et d’agents théranostiques". Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2020. https://nuxeo.u-bourgogne.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/21e2771a-9c75-46d7-9377-50e8f2536c32.
Texto completoThe in vivo use of optical imaging is still limited by the lack of near infrared emitting probes. This thesis work focuses on the optimization and valorization of a water-soluble fluorescent platform whose optical properties enable an in vivo use. Two distinct applications were investigated for this WazaBY (Water-soluble azaBODIPY) platform: use as a PET (or SPECT) / optical bimodal probe, and as a theranostic agent. Concerning the first project, we were able to develop a targetted SPECT/optical bimodal probe, which was radiometallated with indium 111. Using xenografted murine models, we were able to show a clear accumulation of the probe in the tumor 24 hours after injection. Moreover, the probe was validated as a contrast agent for fluorescence guided surgery experiment. The second project of this thesis began by the synthesis of a first generation of gold based theranostic agents. The goal was to develop a new therapeutic complex, which can be tracked in vitro and in vivo thanks to optical imaging. In vitro preliminary results showed that the theranostics displayed a cytotoxicity comparable to auranofin on the tested cell lines (4T1, MDA MB 231, CT26 and SW480). A second part of this project focused on the develoment of « smart » probes for a theranostic use. Those probes are designed to undergo photophysical properties changes, when their metallic centre, responsible for the therapeutic role, is released. Two molecules were synthesized, both displaying an on/off behavior
Larcher, Anthony. "Modèles acoustiques à structure temporelle renforcée pour la vérification du locuteur embarquée". Phd thesis, Université d'Avignon, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00453645.
Texto completoRakotomanga, Prisca. "Inversion de modèle et séparation de signaux de spectroscopie optique pour la caractérisation in vivo de tissus cutanés". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0329.
Texto completoThe detection of pre-cancerous biological tissues during clinical diagnosis is made possible by the development of optical spectroscopic methods, also known as optical biopsy. These methods make it possible to identify changes in the metabolism and structure of biological tissues. In this thesis, optical measurements are performed on skin tissues using an optical device that integrates two modalities: spatially resolved diffuse reflectance and autofluorescence. Spectra exploitation involves solving a non-linear inverse problem to estimate the optical properties using a light-tissue interaction model. From these optical properties, it is possible to characterize the condition of the tissue, healthy or abnormal. The first contribution of the thesis is to propose an inversion method that integrates a fast Monte Carlo model and a cost function managing two spectral modalities in order to improve the accuracy of the estimation of optical properties, regardless of the geometry of the probe. The second contribution is to study the kinetics of fluorophores present in tissues by a source separation approach, which does not require the use of a Monte Carlo model. In this approach, a collection of spectra acquired over time is analyzed together, with few a priori assumptions about the shape of the source signals. The sensitivity of this approach is validated by the use of optical clearing that increase tissue transparency by decreasing photon diffusion and absorption in tissues, thus providing access to more accurate in-depth information
Cameron, Ewan. "Galaxi bimodality & evolution from high to low redshift". Phd thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/150167.
Texto completoVoříšek, Jan. "Stochastický model katastrof cusp". Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-368485.
Texto completoNair, Preethi. "The Morphology of Local Galaxies and the Basis of the Hubble Sequence". Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/17806.
Texto completoGomes, Diana Margarida Pereira. "Síntese de Ligandos Nitrogenados e Complexos Metálicos com Potencialidade para Imagiologia Médica". Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/87962.
Texto completoO trabalho apresentado nesta dissertação centrou-se na síntese de ligandos nitrogenados, mais concretamente de derivados de cicleno, derivados fluorados de porfirinas, salens e respetivos complexos metálicos, para potencial aplicação como agentes de contraste em imagiologia médica. Salienta-se ainda a síntese de duas novas díades, TDFPP-COOH-DO3A-benz e Zn(II)Salen-DO3A-benz, baseadas nos ligandos previamente sintetizados, para o desenvolvimento de moléculas com potencialidade de sondas bimodais.No capítulo 1 encontra-se descrita uma revisão bibliográfica dos métodos de síntese dos diferentes compostos nitrogenados assim como das suas diversas aplicações como agentes de contraste para imagiologia médica. No capítulo 2 apresenta-se e discute-se os resultados da síntese de todos os ligandos nitrogenados e respetivos complexos metálicos e as caracterizações estruturais selecionadas. Iniciou-se o presente trabalho com a síntese de um ligando derivado do cicleno. Após a realização de várias etapas de síntese obteve-se o composto tribenzil-2,2',2''-(10-(2-amino-3-metoxi-3-oxopropil)-1,4,7,10-tetraaza-ciclododecano-1,4,7-triil)triacetato (DO3A-benz), com um rendimento de 83%. Seguidamente, procedeu-se à síntese de três porfirinas: 5-(4-carboxifenil)-10,15,20-tris(2,6-difluorofenil)porfirina (TDFPP-COOH), 5,10,15,20-tetraquis(2-fluorofenil)porfirina (TFPP) e 5,10,15,20-tetraquis(4-trifluorometilfenil)porfirina (TPP-p-CF3), e respetivos complexos metálicos. Sintetizaram-se ainda dois complexos de salen: N,N-bis((-2-hidroxibenzilideno)amino)benzoato de zinco(II) (Zn(II)Salen) e N,N-bis((4-fluoro-2-hidroxibenzilideno)amino)benzoato de zinco(II) (Zn(II)Salen-F) com rendimentos de 71% e 97%, respetivamente. O trabalho culminou com a síntese de duas díades resultantes da ligação covalente do DO3A-benz com a porfirina TDFPP-COOH e com o complexo de salen Zn(II)Salen para as quais se obteve um rendimento de produtos isolados de 16% e 15%, respetivamente. No capítulo 3 apresentam-se detalhadamente os procedimentos experimentais de todas as sínteses apresentadas no capítulo 2 bem como a caracterização química completa de todos os compostos sintetizados no decorrer do trabalho (1H-RMN, 19F-RMN, espectrometria de massa e absorção UV-Vis).
The work presented in this dissertation aimed to develop the synthesis of nitrogen ligands, in particular, of cyclen derivatives, fluorinated derivatives of porphyrins and salens, along with their corresponding metal complexes for potential application as contrast agents in medical imaging. Moreover, we investigated the synthesis of the two new dyads TDFPP-COOH-DO3A-benz and Zn(II)Salen-DO3A-benz, based on the ligands previously synthesized, for the development of potential bimodal probes. In chapter 1, we describe a literature review about the synthesis method of different nitrogen compounds as our applications as contrast agent in medical imaging.The chapter 2 presents and discusses the synthetic results of all nitrogen ligands and corresponding metal complexes and structural characterizations selected. The present work started with the cyclen derivative synthesis. After several steps we obtained the tribenzyl 2,2',2''-(10-(2-amino-3-methoxy-3-oxopropyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7-triyl)triacetate (DO3A-benz) in 83% yields. Then, we proceeded with the synthesis of three porphyrins: 5-(4-carboxyphenyl)-10,15,20-tris(2,6-difluorophenyl)porphyrin (TDFPP-COOH), 5,10,15,20-tetraquis(2-fluorophenyl)porphyrin (TFPP) and 5,10,15,20-tetraquis(4-trifluorometylphenyl)porphyrin (TPP-p-CF3), and their corresponding metal complexes. We further synthetized two more salen complexes: N,N-bis((-2-hidroxybenzylidene)amino)benzoate zinc(II) (Zn(II)Salen) and N,N-bis((4-fluoro-2-hidroxybenzylidene)amino)benzoate zinc(II) (Zn(II)Salen-F) in 71% and 97% yields, respectively. The woks culminated with the synthesis of two dyads, resulting of the covalent linking of DO3A-benz with porphyrin TDFPP-COOH and with salen complex Zn(II)Salen, which were obtained in isolated yields of 16% e 15%, respectively. In chapter 3, we thoroughly presented the experimental procedures of all synthesis described in chapter 2 as well as all the chemical characterization of synthesized compounds (1H-RMN, 19F-RMN, mass spectroscopy and UV-Vis absorption).
Koteas, George Christopher. "Analysis of the gouldsboro pluton and the fehr granite: Understanding the scales of magmatic processes and partial melt generation from the deep to shallow crust". 2010. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3427548.
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