Artículos de revistas: "Bf 408"

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Livano Prez, Mayra Alondra, Blanca del Rio, Jaime Mariano del Río-Chivardí, Juan Valente Merida Palacios, Sergio de Jesus Romero Tapia, Francisco Javier Linares Zapien, Alberto Escalante Dominguez et al. "408 Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated to Symptoms of Rhinoconjunctivitis in Mexican School Children. A Multicenter Study". World Allergy Organization Journal 5 (febrero de 2012): S130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.wox.0000412171.15972.bf.

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Santika, Fiar Tri, Hery Suyanto, Ni Luh Putu Trisnawati y I. Putu Tedy Indrayana. "Determination of the Optical Band gap Energy from the Extraction and Evaporation of Anthocyanin Compound Sea Lettuce (Ulva Lactuca L.) Using Tauc Plot Method". BULETIN FISIKA 25, n.º 1 (19 de julio de 2022): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/bf.2024.v25.i01.p02.

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The optical energy gap of anthocyanin compounds from sea lettuce extract (Ulva lactuca L.) has been calculated using the Tauc plot method. Sea lettuce plants taken at Sanur Beach Bali. The sea lettuce was dried then mashed and extracted for 24 hours, the last being macerated through three cycles. The extraction results are then evaporated to obtain a thick extract solution. Extracted and evaporated-extraction samples were characterized by UV-Vis in the wavelength range of 200-800 nm. From the characterization results, it was found that the absorption of anthocyanin compounds for the extracted samples was at a wavelength of 268 and 412 nm. Meanwhile, for the extraction-evaporation sample, the absorption is at a wavelength of 286.5 and 408 nm. By using the Tauc plot method, the optical energy gap values ??for the extracted and extraction-evaporated samples were 2.69 and 2.54 eV, respectively. Therefore, anthocyanin compounds from both extracted and evaporation-extracted samples qualify as dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC) for TiO2 semiconductors.

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Pilipović-Spasojević, Olivera, Nenad Ponorac y Mira Spremo. "Body composition as indicator of eating disorders in female students". Биомедицинска истраживања 11, n.º 2 (2020): 143–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/bii2002143p.

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Introduction. The transition to university education as a stressful period and the need to be likeable where physical appearance is concerned can be a trigger for a change in attitudes towards eating patterns. Body composition is an essential component of nutritional status and the most common parameter used as an indicator of physical appearance. An unobtrusive onset of eating disorder can easily lead to a preoccupation with eating and body weight. The aim of the paper is to determine whether the parameters of body composition can qualitatively detect respondents with eating disorders. Methods. The epidemiological observational and analytical study included a representative sample comprised of 408 healthy female students, aged 19-22 years. A short socio-demographic questionnaire, a standardized questionnaire for assessment of eating disorders-Eating Attitudes Test-26 were used in the study while Omron BF 510 was used for anthropometric measurements of body weight and BMI. Results. The sample consisted of female students: agedmean = 20.5 years, with average height 168.65 cm (SD = 6.01), body weight 63.09 kg (SD = 9.9) and BMI 22.1 (SD = 3.2). According to EAT-26 (Mean = 13.24 and SD = 7.97), 16.7% of respondents with risk factors for eating disorders were detected. Conclusion. The maximum value of the Youden index of 0.24 ROC analysis confirms that the body composition parameters are not reliable indicators of eating disorders and EAT-26 is not reliable and acceptable as an independent test for assessing risk factors by means of considering different attitudes and deviant eating behaviors. Therefore, in order to achieve detection, monitoring, and perform preventive action, it is necessary to conduct regular systematic examinations among the student population.

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Tabla-Hernandez, J., P. F. Rodriguez-Espinosa, J. A. Mendoza-Pérez, E. Sánchez-Ortíz, E. Martinez-Tavera y A. G. Hernandez-Ramirez. "Assessment of Potential Toxic Metals in a Ramsar Wetland, Central Mexico and its Self-Depuration through Eichhornia crassipes". Water 11, n.º 6 (14 de junio de 2019): 1248. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11061248.

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The Valsequillo reservoir is a Ramsar wetland due to its importance as a point of convergence of migratory waterfowl. It is located in Central Mexico and is currently endangered by the constant spill of municipal and industrial discharges from Puebla city. On this context, we evaluated thirteen potential toxic metals (PTMs) in water, Water hyacinth (E. crassipes) plants and sediments at this site. A combined number of 31 samples were collected from the study area. The degree/extent of metal contamination in sediments was assessed through different geochemical indexes, namely: Geoaccumulation index (Igeo), Enrichment Factor (EF) and Potential Ecological Risk Index (PERI). The ability of Water hyacinth plants residues as a phytodepurator in the Ramsar site was tested in terms of the bioaccumulation factor (BF) and the translocation factor (TF). The results concerning sediments showed that Pb, Cu and Hg pose a threat to the aquatic environment since Igeo and EF indicate sediments ranging from moderately contaminated to contaminated. Moreover, PERI pointed out Hg as the main contributor to the ecological risk in sediments, especially in the part of the reservoir covered by E. crassipes. Water hyacinth plants displayed good capacity to absorb PTMs from the water, since the content of Co, Zn, As, Ni, Cu, Pb, Ti, Cr, Ba, Mo and V in the total plant was (all values in mg/kg of dry weight) 21 ± 9, 408 ± 300, 12 ± 6, 93 ± 21, 93 ± 69, 53 ± 29, 1067 ± 643, 78 ± 55, 362 ± 39, 14 ± 0.6 and 96 ± 35, respectively. Metal content in sediments resembles to that of E. crassipes; especially in the roots, suggesting a constant deposition of plants at the bottom of the reservoir, which contributes to the eutrophication of the water. The present work encourages the need for a sustainable management of Water hyacinth plants in the Ramsar site, since they represent a plague and a natural phyto-depurator at the same time.

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KHAN, IHSAN ULLAH, WEIMIN SUN y ELFED LEWIS. "Radiological Impact on Public Health from Radioactive Content in Wheat Flour Available in Pakistani Markets". Journal of Food Protection 83, n.º 2 (23 de enero de 2020): 377–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-19-403.

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ABSTRACT Wheat flour is a dietary staple of Pakistani population. This study is mainly focused on the measurement of radioactivity concentration due to naturally occurring radioactive nuclides, uranium-238, thorium-232, potassium-40, and the corresponding hazardous radiological parameters, radium equivalent dose (Raeq), annual effective dose, internal hazard index (Hint), and ingestion effective activity $\def\upalpha{\unicode[Times]{x3B1}}$$\def\upbeta{\unicode[Times]{x3B2}}$$\def\upgamma{\unicode[Times]{x3B3}}$$\def\updelta{\unicode[Times]{x3B4}}$$\def\upvarepsilon{\unicode[Times]{x3B5}}$$\def\upzeta{\unicode[Times]{x3B6}}$$\def\upeta{\unicode[Times]{x3B7}}$$\def\uptheta{\unicode[Times]{x3B8}}$$\def\upiota{\unicode[Times]{x3B9}}$$\def\upkappa{\unicode[Times]{x3BA}}$$\def\uplambda{\unicode[Times]{x3BB}}$$\def\upmu{\unicode[Times]{x3BC}}$$\def\upnu{\unicode[Times]{x3BD}}$$\def\upxi{\unicode[Times]{x3BE}}$$\def\upomicron{\unicode[Times]{x3BF}}$$\def\uppi{\unicode[Times]{x3C0}}$$\def\uprho{\unicode[Times]{x3C1}}$$\def\upsigma{\unicode[Times]{x3C3}}$$\def\uptau{\unicode[Times]{x3C4}}$$\def\upupsilon{\unicode[Times]{x3C5}}$$\def\upphi{\unicode[Times]{x3C6}}$$\def\upchi{\unicode[Times]{x3C7}}$$\def\uppsy{\unicode[Times]{x3C8}}$$\def\upomega{\unicode[Times]{x3C9}}$$\def\bialpha{\boldsymbol{\alpha}}$$\def\bibeta{\boldsymbol{\beta}}$$\def\bigamma{\boldsymbol{\gamma}}$$\def\bidelta{\boldsymbol{\delta}}$$\def\bivarepsilon{\boldsymbol{\varepsilon}}$$\def\bizeta{\boldsymbol{\zeta}}$$\def\bieta{\boldsymbol{\eta}}$$\def\bitheta{\boldsymbol{\theta}}$$\def\biiota{\\boldsymbol{\iota}}$$\def\bikappa{\boldsymbol{\kappa}}$$\def\bilambda{\boldsymbol{\lambda}}$$\def\\bimu{\boldsymbol{\mu}}$$\def\binu{\boldsymbol{\nu}}$$\def\bixi{\boldsymbol{\xi}}$$\def\biomicron{\boldsymbol{\micron}}$$\def\bipi{\boldsymbol{\pi}}$$\def\birho{\boldsymbol{\rho}}$$\def\bisigma{\boldsymbol{\sigma}}$$\def\bitau{\boldsymbol{\\tau}}$$\def\biupsilon{\boldsymbol{\upsilon}}$$\def\biphi{\boldsymbol{\phi}}$$\def\bichi{\boldsymbol{\chi}}$$\def\bipsy{\boldsymbol{\psy}}$$\def\biomega{\boldsymbol{\omega}}$$\def\bupalpha{\bf{\alpha}}$$\def\bupbeta{\bf{\beta}}$$\def\bupgamma{\bf{\gamma}}$$\def\bupdelta{\bf{\delta}}$$\def\bupvarepsilon{\bf{\varepsilon}}$$\def\bupzeta{\bf{\zeta}}$$\def\bupeta{\bf{\eta}}$$\def\buptheta{\bf{\theta}}$$\def\bupiota{\bf{\iota}}$$\def\bupkappa{\bf{\kappa}}$$\def\\buplambda{\bf{\lambda}}$$\def\bupmu{\bf{\mu}}$$\def\bupnu{\bf{\nu}}$$\def\bupxi{\bf{\xi}}$$\def\bupomicron{\bf{\micron}}$$\def\buppi{\bf{\pi}}$$\def\buprho{\bf{\rho}}$$\def\bupsigma{\bf{\sigma}}$$\def\buptau{\bf{\tau}}$$\def\bupupsilon{\bf{\upsilon}}$$\def\bupphi{\bf{\phi}}$$\def\bupchi{\bf{\chi}}$$\def\buppsy{\bf{\psy}}$$\def\bupomega{\bf{\omega}}$$\def\bGamma{\bf{\Gamma}}$$\def\bDelta{\bf{\Delta}}$$\def\bTheta{\bf{\Theta}}$$\def\bLambda{\bf{\Lambda}}$$\def\bXi{\bf{\Xi}}$$\def\bPi{\bf{\Pi}}$$\def\bSigma{\bf{\Sigma}}$$\def\bPhi{\bf{\Phi}}$$\def\bPsi{\bf{\Psi}}$$\def\bOmega{\bf{\Omega}}$$\left( {{I_{o,x}}} \right)$ in 12 local brands of wheat flour retailed throughout Pakistan. The radiometric assessment was performed by using a high-purity germanium detector. The specific activities (means ± standard deviations) of uranium-238, thorium-232, and potassium-40 were found to be 5.7 ± 0.41, 1.9 ± 0.02, and 132.4 ± 0.82 Bq/kg, respectively. The mean values of the corresponding radiometric variables, Raeq, Hint, and Io,x (sum), were also found to be 18.651 Bq/kg, 0.313 mSv/year, and 0.213 mSv/year, respectively. The total mean annual effective dose due to the presence of the aforementioned radionuclides in the collected samples was found to be 213.1 μSv/year, which is less than 1.00 mSv/year that is recommended by the World Health Organization and International Atomic Energy Agency. Thus, the natural radioactivity mass concentrations and the corresponding radiological variables were found to be below the recommended specific values and have no health risks for consumers. HIGHLIGHTS

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Alam, Shanon Iffat, Hadeel Hammoda, Faiza Khan, Reem Al Enazi y Ipek Goktepe. "Electrical Conductivity, pH, Organic Matter and Texture of Selected Soils Around the Qatar University Campus". Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries 7, n.º 3 (31 de diciembre de 2020): 403–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v7i3.51359.

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Assessment of soil quality by soil analysis is a valuable tool for a farm as it determines the inputs required for efficient and economical production. A proper soil test helps ensure the application of sufficient fertilizers to meet the requirements of the crop while taking advantage of the nutrients and conditions already present in the soil. Though soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter and texture are important features that determine the fertility of the soil, quantitative information on these properties are limited. The objective of the present study was to assess the pH, EC, organic matters and texture of four selected locations around the Qatar University campus including Biology Field (BF), Science Garden (SG), Greenhouse Inside (GHI) and Greenhouse Outside (GHO). We observed significant differences in the pH, EC and organic matter contents among the four locations. The highest pH was observed in SG and lowest in GHI whereas highest EC was observed in GHI and lowest in BF. Highest organic matter was found in GHI and lowest in BF. The soil texture of the BF and SG was sandy clay while that of GHI and GHO was loamy sand. Considering all four parameters analyzed in the present study, the GHI soil was found more suitable for plant growth. Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.7(3): 403-409, December 2020

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Ye, Le, Zhi-Xin Gong, Chao Shi, Jia-Jun Ma, Hao Liang, Fang-Wei Qi, Dian-Yu E, Chang-Feng Wang, Yi Zhang y Heng-Yun Ye. "(H2dabco)[Na(BF4)3]: an ABX3-type inorganic–organic hybrid perovskite compound exhibiting dielectric switching above room-temperature". CrystEngComm 21, n.º 46 (2019): 7043–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ce01454c.

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The (H₂dabco)[Na(BF₄)₃] undergoes a static-to-dynamic phase transition at 403/386 K. Crystal structure analysis reveals that H₂dabco²⁺ and/or BF₄⁻ undergo disordering.

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Almutairi, Sattam M., Raghad S. Aljutaily, Raghad S. Alshuwayman, Marzouq Almutairi y Yousef M. Alshehre. "Breastfeeding Education and the Role of Physical Therapy: A Cross-sectional Survey". International Journal of Women's Health and Reproduction Sciences 11, n.º 4 (13 de agosto de 2023): 160–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.15296/ijwhr.2023.8002.

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Objectives: This study aimed to assess the level of breastfeeding (BF) knowledge and the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders associated with BF among mothers. Materials and Methods: The participants were given a questionnaire containing 20 questions regarding their knowledge of BF practices and the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders. The responses were reported as mean, standard deviation (SD), number (n), frequencies (f), and percentages (%). Results: The study included 941 participants aged 18 to 49, with a median age of 31-35. Nearly half (47.9%; n = 451) of participants had no knowledge of the health advantages of BF. Furthermore, 82.6% (n = 777) of participants did not receive educational courses or information about childbirth during pregnancy or postnatal. Moreover, 42.7% (n = 402) reported BF-related musculoskeletal pain. The results showed that the least common information provided by doctors or other healthcare providers to mothers was that BF could reduce the risk of some types of cancer (13.6%; n = 128) and asthma and shortness of breath in children (14.1%; n = 133). The most common information was that breastfed children are at a lower risk of getting sick than formula-fed children (41.7%; n = 392). Conclusions: The study showed a lack of knowledge regarding the benefits of BF and a high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among BF mothers in Saudi Arabia. We strongly recommend increasing the number of educational courses that provide knowledge and skills related to BF practices and appropriate positioning during BF.

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HUUSKONEN, A., H. KHALILI y E. JOKI-TOKOLA. "Effects of replacing different proportions of barley grain by barley fibre on performance of dairy bulls". Agricultural and Food Science 16, n.º 3 (4 de diciembre de 2008): 232. http://dx.doi.org/10.2137/145960607783328227.

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The objective of the present experiment was to study the effects of partial replacement of barley grain with barley fibre (BF) on animal performance, carcass traits and diet digestibility of growing dairy bulls. The feeding experiment comprised 20 Finnish Ayrshire bulls and 12 Holstein-Friesian bulls, and four treatments (8 bulls per treatment). There were four diets with two offered at stage 1 (from the initiation of the study to 450 kg live weight) and four at stage 2 (from 450 kg live weight to slaughter). The control diet (BF0) included grass silage (460 g kg1 dry matter) and barley grain (540), BF25 diet included grass silage (460), barley grain (405) and BF (135), BF50 diet included grass silage (460), barley grain (270) and BF (270), and BF75 diet included grass silage (460), barley grain (135) and BF (405). At stage 1 there were only two treatments (BF0 and BF50) and at stage 2, all four treatments were included. All bulls were fed total mixed ration ad libitum. The mean initial live weight of the bulls was 261 kg and the mean final live weight 650 kg. At stage 1 there were no significant treatment differences in dry matter, energy or protein intakes or in live weight gain. At stage 2, replacing barley grain with BF led to a linear decrease of daily live weight gain (P < 0.05) and a linearly reduced feed conversion (kg dry matter kg1 live weight gain) (P < 0.05). The apparent digestibility of the organic matter and neutral detergent fibre decreased linearly with increasing BF supplementation (P < 0.001). The dressing proportion and the carcass fat score decreased linearly (P < 0.05) with partial replacement of barley grain with BF. On carcass conformation, treatment had a significant (P < 0.05) quadratic effect: the BF25 and BF50 diets were classified highest. The results indicate that 50% of barley starch can be replaced with BF without affecting growth, but feed efficiency factors may decrease when barley starch is replaced with BF. At 75% replacement, feed intake was reduced, which resulted in a lower energy intake and reduced level of performance.;

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Chen, Cheng Ming, Hui Wang, Yong Tang y Xun Zhang. "Visual Fatigue Caused by Tablet PC Based on Critical Fusion Frequency and Eye Blink Frequency". Applied Mechanics and Materials 401-403 (septiembre de 2013): 544–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.401-403.544.

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The objective of the study is to evaluate visual fatigue induced by different tablet PCs (LCD/OLED) by measuring CFF (critical fusion frequency), BF (eye blink frequency) and (SR) subjective rating. Twelve healthy subjects (10 males and 2 females) participated in the study in a controlled simulated living environment with a 18-23°C temperature, 30-45% relative humidity and 150lx illuminance. The experiment was carried out about 50 minutes, including: 30 minutes watching task (EOG test) and 20 minutes test (including subjective questionnaire and CFF test before and after the experiment). The experiment design included dependent variables: CFF, BF and subjective rating (SR); and two independent variables: Tablet PC types, watching times. As a result, after the experiment, the decline range of CFF of LCD was lower significant than that of OLED (p<0.001); the decline range of BF of LCD was higher than that of OLED (p<0.01). Also, subjective rating indicated a consistent result that higher visual fatigue was founded after watching LCD. As a whole, watching LCD tablet PC caused higher visual fatigue than watching OLED tablet PC in general.

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Kaku, Vikram J., Michel C. Boufadel y Albert D. Venosa. "EVALUATION OF TURBULENCE PARAMETERS IN LABORATORY FLASKS USED FOR DISPERSANT EFFECTIVENESS TESTING". International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2005, n.º 1 (1 de mayo de 2005): 395–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2005-1-395.

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ABSTRACT The effectiveness of dispersants used as countermeasures for oil spills is commonly evaluated by conducting tests in laboratory flasks. The success of the test relies on the replication of sea conditions in the flasks. We used a Hot-wire Anemometer (HWA) to characterize the hydraulics in the Swirling Flask (SF) and the Baffled Flask (BF) at orbital shaker speeds of 150 and 200 rpm's. We used these measurements to compute velocity gradient, G, turbulence microscale, η, and energy dissipation rate per unit mass, ɛ. The flask average energy dissipation rates in the SF were about two orders of magnitude smaller than those in the BF. The sizes of the microscales in the SF were found to be much smaller than that in the SF. Also, in the BF, the sizes of the microscales approached the size of oil droplets observed at sea (50 to 400 micron), which means that the hydraulics in the BF closely resembles the hydraulics occurring in the top few cm of a breaking wave. Hence, the BF is preferable for dispersant effectiveness testing in the laboratory.

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Bariweni, Moses W. y Raymond I. Ozolua. "Neuropharmacological effects of the aqueous leaf extract and fractions of Pavetta crassipes (K. Schum) Rubiaceae in mice". Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacognosy Research 5, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2017): 278–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.56499/jppres17.224_5.5.278.

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Context: In Northern Nigeria, Pavetta crassipes (K. Schum) Rubiaceae leaf extracts are used in the treatment of convulsion, pain and mental illness; however, there is paucity of information on its neuropharmacological effects. Aims: To evaluate the neuropharmacological effects of the aqueous leaf extract and fractions of Pavetta crassipes. Methods: Pavetta crassipes leaves were harvested, dried and powdered using an electric mill. Hot aqueous extraction was done with 250 g powdered leaf in 1000 mL distilled water. The dry extract was partitioned in various solvents with only the aqueous fraction (AF), and butanol fraction (BF) giving significant yields. Neuropharmacological effects including anticonvulsant, behavioural, antipsychotic, muscle relaxant and sedative effects were evaluated in the extract and fractions at doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, using standard methods. Results: The onset of strychnine induced convulsions was significantly (p<0.01) delayed by doses of AE and BF. Pentylenetetrazol induced convulsions were significantly (p<0.01) delayed by doses of AF and BF while AE at 400 mg/kg offered 100% protection. The duration of maximum electroshock induced tonic hind limb extension was reduced significantly (p<0.01) by AE, AF and BF. There were also significant reductions in motor coordination (p<0.01), rearing (p<0.05), locomotor activity (p<0.01), grooming (p<0.01), time of sleep onset (p<0.01), and an increase in sleeping time (p<0.01) by doses of AE, AF and BF. Conclusions: The extract and fractions of P. crassipes possess anxiolytic, sedative, anticonvulsant, antipsychotic and muscle relaxant effects to varying degrees.

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Hanafusa, Hiroaki, Shinya Abe, Shohei Ohyama, Yuki Kyono, Takumi Kido, Ruka Nakasone, Mariko Ashina, Kenji Tanimura, Kandai Nozu y Kazumichi Fujioka. "Influence of UGT1A1 Genetic Variants on Free Bilirubin Levels in Japanese Newborns: A Preliminary Study". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, n.º 20 (12 de octubre de 2022): 13090. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013090.

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Background: Free bilirubin (Bf) is a better marker than total serum bilirubin (TSB) for predicting bilirubin encephalopathy (BE). To date, two UGT1A1 genetic variants (rs4148323 and rs3064744) have been associated with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia; however, the direct association between UGT1A1 variants and Bf levels in newborns has not been elucidated. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 484 infants, including the genotype data of two UGT1A1 genetic variants. We divided the infants into a high Bf group (Bf ≥ 1.0 µg/dL, n = 77) and a non-high Bf group (Bf < 1.0 µg/dL, n = 407), based on the peak Bf values. Logistic regression analysis was performed to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) for each variant allele compared to wild-type alleles. Results: The frequencies of the A allele in rs4148323 and (TA)7 allele in rs3064744 in the high Bf group (29% and 4%, respectively) were significantly different from those in the non-high Bf group (16% and 12%, respectively). In logistic regression analysis, for rs4148323, the A allele was significantly associated with an increased risk of hyper-free bilirubinemia over the G allele (adjusted OR: 1.80, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.19–2.72, p < 0.01). However, for rs3064744, the (TA)7 allele was significantly associated with a decreased risk of hyper-free bilirubinemia over the (TA)6 allele (adjusted OR: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.18–0.95, p = 0.04). Conclusions: This study is the first to show that the A allele in rs4148323 is a risk factor and that the (TA)7 allele in rs3064744 is a protective factor for developing hyper-free bilirubinemia in Japanese newborns.

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López-Taylor, Juan R., Roberto G. González-Mendoza, Alejandro Gaytán-González, Juan Antonio Jiménez-Alvarado, Marisol Villegas-Balcázar, Edtna E. Jáuregui-Ulloa y Francisco Torres-Naranjo. "Accuracy of Anthropometric Equations for Estimating Body Fat in Professional Male Soccer Players Compared with DXA". Journal of Sports Medicine 2018 (2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6843792.

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Background. There are several published anthropometric equations to estimate body fat percentage (BF%), and this may prompt uncertainty about their application. Purpose. To analyze the accuracy of several anthropometric equations (developed in athletic [AT] and nonathletic [NAT] populations) that estimate BF% comparing them with DXA. Methods. We evaluated 131 professional male soccer players (body mass: 73.2±8.0 kg; height: 177.5±5.8 cm; DXA BF% [median, 25th–75th percentile]: 14.0, 11.9–16.4%) aged 18 to 37 years. All subjects were evaluated with anthropometric measurements and a whole body DXA scan. BF% was estimated through 14 AT and 17 NAT anthropometric equations and compared with the measured DXA BF%. Mean differences and 95% limits of agreement were calculated for those anthropometric equations without significant differences with DXA. Results. Five AT and seven NAT anthropometric equations did not differ significantly with DXA. From these, Oliver’s and Civar’s (AT) and Ball’s and Wilmore’s (NAT) equations showed the highest agreement with DXA. Their 95% limits of agreement ranged from −3.9 to 2.3%, −4.8 to 1.8%, −3.4 to 3.1%, and −3.9 to 3.0%, respectively. Conclusion. Oliver’s, Ball’s, Civar’s, and Wilmore’s equations were the best to estimate BF% accurately compared with DXA in professional male soccer players.

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Tucker, Larry A., Amy J. Cook, Neil R. Nokes y Troy B. Adams. "Telephone-Based Diet and Exercise Coaching and a Weight-Loss Supplement Result in Weight and Fat Loss in 120 Men and Women". American Journal of Health Promotion 23, n.º 2 (noviembre de 2008): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4278/ajhp.07051646.

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Purpose. Determine the effects of telephone-based coaching and a weight-loss supplement on the weight and body fat (BF) of overweight adults. Design. Randomized, placebo-controlled experiment with assessments at baseline, 2 months, and 4 months. Setting. Community. Subjects. Sixty overweight or obese men and 60 overweight or obese women, 25 to 60 years old. Intervention. Eleven 30-minute telephone coaching sessions were spaced throughout the study; the initial conversation lasted 60 to 90 minutes. Supplement or placebo capsules were taken daily over the 17 weeks. Measures. Weight was measured using an electronic scale, and BF was assessed using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Results. Subjects taking the placebo lost 1.8 + 3.3 kg of weight and 0.7 + 2.2 kg of BF, whereas supplement users lost more: 3.1 + 3.7 kg of weight (F = 4.1, P = .045) and 1.7 + 2.6 kg of BF (F = 4.4, p = .039). Participants receiving no coaching lost 1.8 + 3.3 kg of weight and 0.7 + 2.2 kg of BF, whereas adults receiving coaching lost more: 3.2 + 3.6 kg of weight (F = 4.8, p = .032) and 1.6 + 2.5 kg of BF (F = 4.2, p = .044). Adults receiving both the supplement and coaching had the greatest losses of weight and BF, suggesting an additive effect (F = 3.2, p = .026; F = 2.9, p = .039, respectively). Conclusions. Both treatments, coaching and the supplement, viewed separately and in combination, worked to help subjects lose weight and BF. Adults can be educated and motivated via telephone to change behaviors leading to weight loss, and a weight-loss supplement can be included to increase success.

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Bai, Guifeng, Changjiang Yu, Chi Cheng, Erhong Hao, Yun Wei, Xiaolong Mu y Lijuan Jiao. "Syntheses and photophysical properties of BF2 complexes of curcumin analogues". Org. Biomol. Chem. 12, n.º 10 (2014): 1618–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ob42201a.

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Blackburn, C. C. y M. B. Sachs. "Effects of OFF-BF tones on responses of chopper units in ventral cochlear nucleus. I. Regularity and temporal adaptation patterns". Journal of Neurophysiology 68, n.º 1 (1 de julio de 1992): 124–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1992.68.1.124.

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1. We have recorded the responses of neurons in the anteroventral cochlear nucleus (AVCN) of barbiturate-anesthetized cats to pure tones [either at the unit's best frequency (BF) or at another frequency (OFF-BF)] and to two-tone combination stimuli. 2. The effects of OFF-BF input (either alone or presented simultaneously with a BF tone in a two-tone stimulus) on the response patterns of choppers may include not only rate inhibition but changes in the discharge regularity and the temporal adaptation properties of the spike trains. 3. In the majority of cases we studied (119 of 146 frequencies examined in 45 units), the discharge regularity of a response to an OFF-BF or two-tone stimulus is comparable with that of a ,rate-matched- BF tone response. In a minority of cases (27 of 146 frequencies examined), however, OFF-BF input (either alone or in a two-tone stimulus format) changed the regularity compared with that of a rate-matched BF tone response. 4. In the majority of cases studied (139 of 171 frequencies examined in 53 units), the initial pattern of rate adaptation [“temporal adaptation pattern” (TAP)] was the same in response to a short tone burst at BF, to an OFF-BF tone burst, or to a pair of tones. The TAP can, however, be significantly altered by OFF-BF input, although this is a comparatively infrequent occurrence in our data sample (32 of 171 frequencies examined), from the response to BF tone to the response to the two-tone or OFF-BF stimulus, are as follows: sustained to slowly adapting; slowly adapting to transiently adapting, and transiently adapting to slowly adapting. Changes in the TAPs of chopper unit responses have been recorded from both regular and irregular choppers and cannot be accounted for on the basis of changes in sustained firing rate. These changes in the discharge regularity and TAP in the small minority of cases suggest that (at least in these cases) the inhibitory effect of OFF-BF input is not simply the result of two-tone suppression at the level of the auditory nerve fiber input. 5. We have observed that regular choppers may be transformed into irregular choppers by OFF-BF (rate inhibitory) input.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

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Aneja, Sanjay, James B. Yu y Peter Glazer. "Genomic predictors of biochemical failure following radical prostatectomy." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, n.º 2_suppl (10 de enero de 2016): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.2_suppl.114.

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114 Background: Although clinical correlates can help predict biochemical failure (BF), genomic correlates have yet to be identified. We hypothesized there would exist genomic profiles in patients who experience BF after radical prostatectomy (RP), for whom aggressive regional therapy may be more appropriate. Methods: Genes of interest were identified using the 25 most commonly mutated genes from the COSMIC dataset. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was used to study normalized microarray gene expression data for patients who underwent RP for treatment of Gleason 7-10, T1/T2 N0 prostate adenocarcinoma. BF was considered PSA > 0.1 following prostatectomy. Clinical data of interest included age, pre-treatment PSA, Gleason score, pathologic T stage, and country of origin. A multi-level hierarchical logistic regression model clustered with random effects by pathologic T stage and country of origin was built to identify predictors of BF. Variances were used to estimate how genomic differences explained differences in BF. Results: We identified 296 patients with T1/T2 N0 prostate adenocarcinoma who underwent RP. Median age was 60 with a median follow up of 2.3 years. 59% (n = 177) had Gleason 7 disease and 54% (n = 154) had T1 disease. 40.8% (n = 121) of patients had BF following RP. After adjusting for clinical covariates, 4 genes were associated with differences in BF. Specifically, increased RNA expression of E2F3 (OR 1.11 p < .001), CTNNB1 (OR 1.49, p = .002), and AR (OR 1.21, p < .001) were seen in patients who experienced BF. Expression of TP53 (OR 0.75, p < .001) and Gleason 7 disease (OR 0.62 vs. Gleason 8-10, p < .001) were associated with decreased likelihood of BF. Clustering by pathologic T stage accounted for 10% of variance in BF indicating that the 4 genes augment clinical patient characteristics. Conclusions: Genomic data augments pre-treatment clinical data in the stratification of patients undergoing RP. RNA expression of E2F3, CTNNB1, AR and TP53 is associated with differences in BF following RP. Clinically, these genes could aid in identifying patients who may benefit from more aggressive therapy. Further studies of the relationship between these genes and the development of prostate cancer could aid in future targeted therapies.

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Schneider, Patrick L., David R. Bassett, Dixie L. Thompson y Scott E. Crouter. "Bioelectrical Impedance for Accuracy Detecting Body Composition Changes during an Activity Intervention". Translational Journal of the American College of Sports Medicine 2, n.º 19 (1 de octubre de 2017): 122–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/tjx.0000000000000041.

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ABSTRACT Body composition is an important component of an individual's health and fitness profile. The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) in detecting percent body fat (%BF) changes throughout a physical activity intervention in previously sedentary, overweight men and women. Fourteen men (mean ± SD; 46 ± 7 yr) and 22 women (47 ± 5 yr) with a body mass index of ≥25 kg·m−2 participated in an intervention of 10,000 steps per day for 36 wk. %BF was measured by air displacement plethysmography (ADP; criterion measure) and BIA at baseline, 20 wk, and 36 wk. During the 36-wk intervention, the women lost 1.6 ± 4.8 kg and the men lost 3.9 ± 4.2 kg. There was a significant three-way interaction for %BF across time points, device, and sex (P = 0.019). Among women, ADP and BIA detected %BF changes of −1.9% ± 2.0% and 0.5% ± 1.8%, respectively, from baseline to 20 wk, and −1.5% ± 2.3% and 0.3% ± 2.5%, respectively, from baseline to 36 wk. Among men, ADP and BIA detected %BF changes of −1.9% ± 1.8% and −1.5% ± 1.9%, respectively, from baseline to 20 wk, and −2.8% ± 3.7% and −2.3% ± 2.6%, respectively, from baseline to 36 wk. There was a significant difference in the accuracy of BIA in detecting %BF changes compared with ADP in women but not men on a group level. However, on an individual level, there was greater variation in BIA's accuracy in tracking %BF changes in both sexes. Compared with ADP, BIA is a suitable method for detecting %BF changes in a group of overweight men, but not women. However, caution should be exercised when using BIA to track body composition changes in either sex on an individual level.

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Ruangkit, Chayatat, Nawapat Prachakittikul, Nutthida Hemprachitchai, Oraporn Dumrongwongsiri y Sasivimon Soonsawad. "Association of Infant Feeding Practices with Iron Status and Hematologic Parameters in 6-Month-Old Infants". Children 8, n.º 12 (8 de diciembre de 2021): 1159. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children8121159.

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Background: Infants’ feeding practices in the first 6 months of life and their association with iron status and hematologic parameters has not been well studied. We aim to evaluate this association. Methods: In a retrospective chart review, we identified 403 infants who received laboratory screening for anemia at 6-month visits. Infants were categorized into four groups according to feeding practices. Hematologic parameters and incidence of anemia, iron deficiency (ID), and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) were compared. Results: In total, 105 infants were breastfed (BF), 78 were breastfed with iron supplementation starting at 4 months (BI), 109 were mixed-fed (breast milk and formula) with or without iron supplementation (MF), and 111 were formula-fed (FF). The BF group had the highest incidence of anemia (38.1%), ID (28.6%), and IDA (17.1%) when compared with the other groups (p < 0.001). In multivariate logistic regression, BI, MF, and FF infants had 90.4%, 97.5%, and 96.9% decreased risk of IDA, respectively, with BF infants as a reference group. Conclusion: The incidence of anemia, ID, and IDA at age 6 months was higher in BF than FF or MF infants. However, iron supplements in BF infants starting at 4 months significantly reduced their ID and IDA incidence.

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Mao, Meng, Lan Zhang, John Ge, Jian Yan, Robert Northington, Manjiang Yao, Joyce Nowacki y Nicholas P. Hays. "Infant Feeding Regimens and Gastrointestinal Tolerance: A Multicenter, Prospective, Observational Cohort Study in China". Global Pediatric Health 5 (1 de enero de 2018): 2333794X1775027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2333794x17750271.

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To study feeding tolerance in infants fed formula with increased sn-2 palmitate and oligofructose ( sn-2+OF) in a real-world setting, healthy Chinese infants were enrolled in this 48-day observational study on their current feeding regimens: exclusively breastfed (BF; n = 147), exclusively sn-2+OF formula-fed (FF; n = 150), or mixed-fed with breast milk and sn-2+OF formula (MF; n = 163). Throughout the study, incidence (90% confidence interval) of hard stools was ≤2.1% (0.0-5.3) in FF and 0.8% (0.0-3.5) in MF, with no hard stools in BF. Incidence of watery stools was ≤5.0% (1.0-9.2) in FF and ≥5.1% (2.4-9.3) in MF and BF. Gastrointestinal tolerance scores, although low in all groups (lower scores indicating better tolerance), were slightly higher ( P ≥ .03) in FF (17.5 ± 4.8) and MF (18.2 ± 5.0) versus BF (16.3 ± 3.2) at mid-study; this difference disappeared at study end. Overall, low incidences of hard and watery stools and good feeding tolerance were observed in infants fed sn-2+OF formula.

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Herman, Amy, Holly Hull, Debra Sullivan, Laura Castro de Santiago y Sarah Horton. "Infant Feeding Method and Body Composition Differences at 6 Months". Current Developments in Nutrition 6, Supplement_1 (junio de 2022): 661. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac061.045.

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Abstract Objectives Explore how feeding method is related to distribution of fat and fat free mass in infants at 6 months of age. Methods This is a secondary data analysis of an RCT assessing prenatal DHA supplementation on infant growth. At 6 months of age, DXA measured infant body composition and distribution. Total body less head (TBLH) was used. Feeding method was collected by questionnaire. Infants were split into groups of breastfeeding (BF; n = 56), combo (C; n = 14), or formula feeding (F; n = 44). A 24-hour dietary recall was performed and NDSR was used to determine nutrient totals. Nutrients in breastmilk were homogenously estimated using the human milk option in NDSR, and a standard intake volume was assumed for those feeding directly from the breast. One-way ANOVA determined differences between the groups. Results BF infants consumed the lowest calories (BF: 557 ± 108; C: 785 ± 173; F: 753 ± 169; P < 0.01) and weighed less than F fed infants (7.73kg ± 0.87 vs 8.06kg ± 1.10 respectively; P < 0.05). However, BF infants consumed the highest percentage of calories from fat at 51.8% ± 3.7 (compared to C: 47.2% ± 4.7; F: 46.3% ± 3.8; P < 0.01) and had higher percentage body fat (%fat; BF: 38.5% ± 4.7 C: 32.8% ± 4.3; F: 35.9% ± 3.4) and central %fat (BF: 27.3% ± 4.8; C: 23.3% ± 4.3; F: 24.0% ± 3.9; all pairwise P < 0.01). BF infants had 0.14kg higher central and 0.32kg higher peripheral fat mass than combo (P < 0.05) but not formula feeders, although central fat mass between BF and F approached significance (mean difference 0.07kg; p = 0.054). Central fat-free mass was different between the BF and F groups only, with BF having 0.22kg lower fat-free mass (P < 0.01). There were no significant differences between the groups in peripheral fat-free mass. Conclusions Feeding method at 6 months of age is related to body composition and distribution. Although breastfeeding infants weighed less and consumed less calories, they had higher total and central %fat. Funding Sources This project was supported by an NIH NIDDK R01 grant.

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Winter, I. M. y A. R. Palmer. "Level dependence of cochlear nucleus onset unit responses and facilitation by second tones or broadband noise". Journal of Neurophysiology 73, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1995): 141–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1995.73.1.141.

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1. The responses of onset units in the cochlear nucleus of the anesthetized guinea pig have been measured to single tones, two-tone complexes, and broadband noise (BBN; 20-kHz bandwidth). The onset units were subdivided into three groups, onset-I (OnI), onset-L (OnL), and onset-C (OnC), on the basis of a decision tree using their peristimulus time histogram (PSTH) shape and discharge rate in response to suprathreshold best-frequency (BF) tone bursts. 2. PSTHs were constructed from responses either to single tones at a unit's BF or to BBN as a function of level. When sufficient sustained activity could be elicited from the unit, arbitrarily defined as > 100 spikes/s, a coefficient of variation (CV) was calculated; the majority were characterized by a CV that was similar to transient chopper units (0.35 < CV < 0.5). First spike latency decreased monotonically with increasing sound level. For the majority of onset units, the first spike timing was very precise. 3. BF rate-level functions recorded from OnL and OnC units did not show any signs of discharge rate saturation at the highest sound levels we have used (100-115 dB SPL). No systematic relationship was observed between the threshold at BF and the shape of the rate-level function. BBN rate-level functions were typically characterized by higher discharge rates than in response to BF tones. However, for OnI units and a minority of other onset units, there was little difference in the shape of their rate-level functions in response to BF tones or BBN. 4. The threshold of most onset units to BBN was similar to the threshold to a BF tone that had similar overall root-mean-square (RMS) energy. The BBN threshold was, on average, 5.5 dB greater than the BF threshold. This result contrasts with that found in auditory-nerve fibers recorded in the same species, with the use of an identical sound system, where the threshold to BBN was, on average, 19.4 dB higher. The mean threshold difference between BBN and BF tones for a population of chopper units recorded in the same series of experiments was 17.7 dB. The relative thresholds to BBN and BF tones indicated that the bandwidths near the onset units' BF threshold were broader than could be estimated with the use of single tones. Ten units were characterized by bimodal response areas.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

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Leahy, Siobhan, Cian O'Neill, Rhoda Sohun, Clodagh Toomey y Philip Jakeman. "Generalised equations for the prediction of percentage body fat by anthropometry in adult men and women aged 18–81 years". British Journal of Nutrition 109, n.º 4 (29 de mayo de 2012): 678–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114512001870.

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Anthropometric data indicate that the human phenotype is changing. Today's adult is greater in stature, body mass and fat mass. Accurate measurement of body composition is necessary to maintain surveillance of obesity within the population and to evaluate associated interventions. The aim of the present study was to construct and validate generalised equations for percentage body fat (%BF) prediction from anthropometry in 1136 adult men and women. Reference values for %BF were obtained using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Skinfold thickness (SF) at ten sites and girth (G) at seven sites were measured on 736 men and women aged 18–81 years (%BF 5·1–56·8 %). Quantile regression was employed to construct prediction equations from age and log-transformed SF and G measures. These equations were then cross-validated on a cohort of 400 subjects of similar age and fatness. The following generalised equations were found to most accurately predict %BF:$Men:\,(age\times 0\cdot 1) + (logtricepsSF\times 7\cdot 6) + (logmidaxillaSF\times 8\cdot 8) + (logsuprspinaleSF\times 11\cdot 9) - 11\cdot 3$(standard error of the estimate: 2·5 %, 95 % limits of agreement: − 4·8, +4·9)$Women:\,(age\times 0\cdot 1) + (logabdominalG\times 39\cdot 4) + (logmidaxillaSF\times 4\cdot 9) + (logbicepsSF\times 11\cdot 0) + (logmedialcalfSF\times 9\cdot 1) - 73\cdot 5$(standard error of the estimate: 3·0 %, 95 % limits of agreement: − 5·7, + 5·9) These generalised anthropometric equations accurately predict %BF and are suitable for the measurement of %BF in adult men and women of varying levels of fatness across the lifespan.

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Pérez-Báez, Anna Judith, Martin Valenzuela-Melendres, Juan Pedro Camou, Gustavo González-Aguilar y Manuel Viuda-Martos. "Effects of Roselle Extract, Potato Peel Flour, and Beef Fat on the Formation of HCA of Beef Patties Studied by Response Surface Methodology". Proceedings 70, n.º 1 (9 de noviembre de 2020): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods_2020-07656.

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Heterocyclic amines (HCA) are compounds formed by heating meat at a high temperature. Formation of HCA in meat products should be minimized by applying different approaches. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of roselle extract (RE, 0%–1%), potato peel flour (PP, 0%–2%), and beef fat (BF, 0%–15%) on the formation of HCA in beef patties using response surface methodology. IQx, IQ, MeIQx, MeIQ, 4,8-DiMeIQx, and PhIP were identified and quantified by HPLC. Values from 0 to 18.09 ng IQx, 0.20 to 11.66 ng IQ, 0.29 to 3.93 ng MeIQx, 0.19 to 11.51 ng MeIQ, 0.65 to 1.72 ng 4,8-DiMeIQx, and 1.87 to 14.7 ng PhIP per gram of sample were obtained. All models were significant (p < 0.05), with no lack of fit (p > 0.05) and showed a determination coefficient >0.70. Roselle extract had a negative linear effect on the formation of the total HCA, while PP and BF had a positive quadratic effect. The optimal formula that minimizes the formation of HCA included 0.80% RE, 0.85% PP, and 7.54% BF. Roselle extract and potato peel are foods that can be used as ingredients to minimize the formation of HCA in beef patties.

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Gao, Ji-Xing, Xiu-Ni Hua, Xiao-Gang Chen y Wei-Qiang Liao. "A high temperature optic-electric duple switching organic ionic compound: 1,4,7-triazoniacyclononane tetrafluoroborate dichloride". Journal of Materials Chemistry C 7, n.º 18 (2019): 5348–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9tc01661a.

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[9-tacn-3]³⁺[BF₄]⁻2[Cl]⁻ (9-tacn-3 = 1,4,7-triazoniacyclononane) is a second-order nonlinear and dielectric switch with a phase transition temperature as high as 400 K.

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Ito, S., S. Sakai, Y. Kurosawa, D. Kobayashi, R. Okabayashi, A. Abe, H. Otani et al. "AB0297 THE LONG-TERM OBSERVATION OF PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS WHO ACHIEVED A BIO-FREE CONDITION WITH ADALIMUMAB." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (junio de 2020): 1447.1–1448. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.2406.

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Background:Biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) caused a paradigm shift in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, their high cost is a burden for patients and the national medical economy.Objectives:To analyze the long-term outcomes of patients with RA who achieved a bio-free condition (BF) with adalimumab (ADA).Methods:We followed 25 patients (male 6, female 19) who discontinued ADA with clinical remission (CR), and one female with a low disease activity (LDA), over 19.4 ±7.8 months of ADA treatment1). At the introduction of ADA, the average age was 51.2 ± 11.9 years old, and the average disease duration was 45.1 ± 48.4 months. The disease activity measured by disease activity score based on C-reactive protein (DAS28-CRP) was defined as follows: CR, <2.3; LDA, 2.3 - 2.7; moderate DA, 2.7 -4.1; and high DA, > 4.1, since the DAS28-CRP tends to be lower than the DAS28-based on the erythrocyte sedimentation rate in Japanese patients2).Results:We lost one patient with a transfer to another hospital. Four patients re-started ADA due to flare (DAS28-CRP>2.7) but achieved CR (in BF) again with the intensification of the treatment (dose increase or initiation of prednisolone [PSL] and/or conventional synthetic [cs] DMARDs such as tacrolimus or iguratimode). The DAS28-CRP significantly decreased from 3.45 ± 1.32 at base line (BL) to 1.55 ± 0.41 (p<0.0001) at BF. It remained 1.59 ± 0.59 (n=25) at 24 months after BF, 1.56 ± 0.39 (n= 20) at 48 months, 1.8 ± 0.7 (n=11) at 60 months. At the last observation, every patient remained in CR up to 84 months (n=2, Figure 1). The modified health assessment questionnaire score significantly decreased from 0.42 ± 0.46 (BL, n=19) to 0.02 ± 0.05 (p<0.002) at BF. It remained 0.03 ± 0.07 (n=19) at 24 months and 0.06 ± 0.14 (n=14) at 48 months, 0.04 ± 0.08 at 60 months (n=9). The PSL dose (mg/day) decreased from 3.2 ± 3.3 (BL) to 2.2 ± 2.8 at BF and 2.04 ± 2.13 (n=25) at 24 months, 1.73 ± 1.9 (n=20) at 48 months, and 1.6 ± 2.3 (n=11) at 60 months, but there were no significant changes. The methotrexate (MTX) dose (mg/week) increased from 10.1 ± 2.9 (BL) to 10.6 ± 2.6 (p< 0.78) at BF, 10.4 ± 3.3 (n=25) at 24 months, 10.7 ± 3.4 (n=20) at 48 months, 10.4 ± 3.1 at 60 months (not significant). The number of csDMARDs significantly increased from 0.8 ± 0.6 (BL) to 1.3 ± 0.9 (p<0.001, at BF), 2.56 ± 0.94 (n=25) at 24 months, 1.6 ± 1.01 (n=20) at 48 mnths, and 1.6 ± 2.3 at 60 months (n=11, Figure 2).Conclusion:BF can be sustained with an adequate dose of MTX and combination of csDMARDs.References:[1]Ito S, et al. An analysis of the biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drug-free condition of adalimumab-treated rheumatoid arthritis patients. Intern Med 58: 511-519, 2019[2]Inoue E, et al. Comparison of Disease Activity Score (DAS)28-erythrocyte sedimentation rate and DAS28- C-reactive protein threshold values. Ann Rheum Dis. 66:407-409, 2007.Disclosure of Interests:Satoshi Ito Speakers bureau: Abbvie,Eisai, Shunsuke sakai: None declared, Yoichi Kurosawa: None declared, Daisuke Kobayashi: None declared, Ryo Okabayashi: None declared, Asami Abe: None declared, Hiroshi Otani: None declared, Kiyoshi Nakazono: None declared, Akira Murasawa: None declared, Ichiei Narita: None declared, Hajime Ishikawa: None declared

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Aristizabal, Juan C., Alejandro Estrada Restrepo y Argenis Giraldo García. "Development and validation of anthropometric equations to estimate body composition in adult women". Colombia Médica 49, n.º 2 (1 de enero de 2018): 154–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.25100/cm.v49i2.3643.

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Objective: To develop anthropometric equations to predict body fat percentage (BF%) in adult women. Methods: In 151 women (aged 18-59) BF% was obtained by hydrodensitometry with simultaneous measurement of lung volumes. Body weight, height, eight- skinfold thickness (STs) and six- circumference (CIs) measurements were obtained from all participants. Subjects data were randomly divided in two groups, equation-building group (n=106) and validation group (n=45). The equation-building group was used to run multiple linear regression models using anthropometric measurements as predictors to find the best prediction equations of the BF%. The validation group was used to compare the performance of the new equations with those of Durnin-Womersley, Jackson-Pollock and Ramirez-Torun. Results: There were two preferred equations: Equation 1 = 11.76 + (0.324 x tricipital ST) + (0.133 x calf ST) + (0.347 x abdomen CI) + (0.068 x age) - (0.135 x height) and Equation 2 = 11.37 + (0.404 x tricipital ST) + (0.153 x axilar ST) + (0.264 x abdomen CI) + (0.069 x age) - (0.099 x height). There were no significant differences in BF% obtained by hydrodensitometry (31.5±5.3) and Equation 1 (31.0±4.0) and Equation 2 (31.2±4.0). The BF% estimated by Durning-Womersley (35.8±4.0), Jackson-Pollock (26.5±5.4) and Ramirez-Torun (32.6±4.8) differed from hydrodensitometry (p<0.05). The interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was high between hydrodensitometry and Equation 1 (ICC=0.77), Equation 2 (ICC=0.76), and Ramirez-Torun equation (ICC=0.75). The ICC was low between hydrodensitometry and Durnin-Womersley (ICC=0.51) and Jackson-Pollock (ICC=0.53) equations. Conclusion: The new Equations-1 and 2, performed better than the commonly used anthropometric equations to predict BF% in adult women.

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Yorio, Neil C., Gregory D. Goins, Hollie R. Kagie, Raymond M. Wheeler y John C. Sager. "Improving Spinach, Radish, and Lettuce Growth under Red Light-emitting Diodes (LEDs) with Blue Light Supplementation". HortScience 36, n.º 2 (abril de 2001): 380–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.36.2.380.

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Radish (Raphanus sativus L. cv. Cherriette), lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. cv. Waldmann's Green), and spinach (Spinacea oleracea L. cv. Nordic IV) plants were grown under 660-nm red light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and were compared at equal photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) with either plants grown under cool-white fluorescent lamps (CWF) or red LEDs supplemented with 10% (30 μmol·m-2·s-1) blue light (400-500 nm) from blue fluorescent (BF) lamps. At 21 days after planting (DAP), leaf photosynthetic rates and stomatal conductance were greater for plants grown under CWF light than for those grown under red LEDs, with or without supplemental blue light. At harvest (21 DAP), total dry-weight accumulation was significantly lower for all species tested when grown under red LEDs alone than when grown under CWF light or red LEDs + 10% BF light. Moreover, total dry weight for radish and spinach was significantly lower under red LEDs + 10% BF than under CWF light, suggesting that addition of blue light to the red LEDs was still insufficient for achieving maximal growth for these crops.

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Seo, Heesong, Hyejeong Song, Changjoon Park, Jehyung Yoon, Inyoung Choi y Bumman Kim. "Blocker filtering low-noise amplifier for SAW-less Bluetooth receiver system". International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 1, n.º 5 (octubre de 2009): 447–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078709990699.

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A 2.4 GHz CMOS blocker filtering low-noise amplifier (BF-LNA) suitable for Bluetooth™ application is presented. The circuit employs a differential amplifier topology with a current mirror active load and a notch filter. Each path amplifies differentially with the common mode input signal, but there is a notch filter rejecting only the wanted signal at one path. By subtracting the two signals from each path, the large interferers are rejected and only the wanted signal is amplified. Therefore, it becomes a narrow-band amplifier with blocker filtering capability, realizing a receiver system without need of the off-chip SAW filter. The BF-LNA is designed using a 0.13-μm CMOS process. The measured performances are a gain of 11.4 dB, and a noise figure of 1.85 dB. Attenuation levels at 400 MHz apart from the target frequency are −13 and −29 dBc at each sideband. The P1dB,in and IIP3 are −8.2 and 1.46 dBm, respectively. The proposed BF-LNA can reject large interferers at the front-end of the receiver system with a good noise figure.

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Chen, Wen-Shing, Wen-Tien Tsai, Yu-Quan Lin, Chi-Hung Tsai y Yao-Tsung Chang. "Production of Highly Porous Biochar Materials from Spent Mushroom Composts". Horticulturae 8, n.º 1 (4 de enero de 2022): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8010046.

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The edible mushroom industry has grown significantly in recent years due to the dietary change and the demand for heathy food. However, the spent mushroom compost (SMC) will be produced in large quantities after the harvest, thus forming an agricultural waste requiring proper management other than dumping or burning. In this work, two types of SMCs with the cultivation of shiitake fungus (SF) and black fungus (BF) were converted into porous biochar products (a series of SMC-SF-BC and SMC-BF-BC) at higher pyrolysis temperatures (i.e., 400, 600 and 800 °C) based on their thermochemical characteristics, using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The pore and chemical properties of the resulting products, including surface area, pore volume, average pore size, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), were studied to correlate them with the most important process parameter. The results showed that the pore properties of the biochar products indicated a significant increase with the increase in the pyrolysis temperature from 400 to 600 °C. The data on the maximal Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area for the biochar products produced at 800 °C (i.e., SMC-SF-BC-800 and SMC-BF-BC-800) were found to be 312.5 and 280.9 m2/g, respectively. Based on the EDS and FTIR, plenty of oxygen-containing functional groups were found on the surface of the resulting biochar products.

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Zdravković, Vladimir, Đorđe Stevanović, Neda Ćićarić, Nemanja Zdravković, Ivan Čekerevac, Mina Poskurica, Ivan Simić et al. "Anthropometric Measurements and Admission Parameters as Predictors of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients". Biomedicines 11, n.º 4 (18 de abril de 2023): 1199. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11041199.

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Aim: We aimed to single out admission predictors of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in hospitalized COVID-19 patients and investigate the role of bioelectrical impedance (BIA) measurements in ARDS development. Method: An observational, prospective cohort study was conducted on 407 consecutive COVID-19 patients hospitalized at the University Clinical Center Kragujevac between September 2021 and March 2022. Patients were followed during the hospitalization, and ARDS was observed as a primary endpoint. Body composition was assessed using the BMI, body fat percentage (BF%), and visceral fat (VF) via BIA. Within 24 h of admission, patients were sampled for blood gas and laboratory analysis. Results: Patients with BMI above 30 kg/m2, very high BF%, and/or very high VF levels were at a significantly higher risk of developing ARDS compared to nonobese patients (OR: 4.568, 8.892, and 2.448, respectively). In addition, after performing multiple regression analysis, six admission predictors of ARDS were singled out: (1) very high BF (aOR 8.059), (2) SaO2 < 87.5 (aOR 5.120), (3) IL-6 > 59.75 (aOR 4.089), (4) low lymphocyte count (aOR 2.880), (5) female sex (aOR 2.290), and (6) age < 68.5 (aOR 1.976). Conclusion: Obesity is an important risk factor for the clinical deterioration of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. BF%, assessed through BIA measuring, was the strongest independent predictor of ARDS in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

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Wang, X. y M. B. Sachs. "Neural encoding of single-formant stimuli in the cat. I. Responses of auditory nerve fibers". Journal of Neurophysiology 70, n.º 3 (1 de septiembre de 1993): 1054–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1993.70.3.1054.

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1. We have studied auditory responses to a set of speech-related narrowband sounds, single-formant stimuli (SFSs), in populations of auditory nerve fibers (ANFs). An analytic method was developed to extract the envelope of temporal discharge patterns of the ANF responses to nonsinusoidally modulated stimuli, whose spectra have multiple clusters of components. Such responses are often encountered in the auditory system when complex stimuli are used and have traditionally been studied by analyzing the fundamental component of the responses. 2. The envelope modulation in the SFSs is shown to be represented by the response patterns of ANFs. When the whole ANF population is considered, the information on modulation in stimulus envelope does not disappear at the highest sound level tested at all best frequencies (BFs) we studied (1-10 kHz). The representation is the best at medium sound levels and degrades at high sound levels. Low/medium-spontaneous rate (SR) ANFs showed greater envelope modulation in their responses at high sound levels than do high-SR ANFs. The quality of the representation at high sound levels is, on average, proportional to BF threshold of an ANF. On the basis of populations of ANFs with all SRs, the envelope modulation in the SFSs is represented over a wide range of sound levels. 3. We found that low-BF ANFs differ from high-BF ANFs in representing envelope modulation in the SFSs. For ANFs with BFs less than approximately 6 kHz, information on stimulus envelope is not only contained in spectral components near direct current but also in components at the vicinities of frequencies equal to BF and its multiples. In fact, for ANFs with BFs < 3 kHz, the contribution from spectral components centered at BF to overall response modulation is greater than that from spectral components near direct current. These findings indicate that, by using measures solely based on the fundamental component, the amount of modulation in the responses to narrowband stimuli is underestimated for low-BF ANFs. 4. Off-BF stimulation of ANFs with SFSs was found to result in increased envelope modulation in responses at high sound levels. The further away the stimulus is centered relative to unit BF, the greater the modulation it induces, provided that the stimulus is capable of exciting the unit. An SFS centered as close as 15% off unit BF can produce a significant increase in the modulation of responses at very high sound levels.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

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Yousif, Hayder A., Abdul Rahim Norasmadi, Ahmad Faizal Bin Salleh, Zakaria Ammar y Khudhur A. Alfarhan. "Assessment of Muscles Fatigue during 400-Meters Running Strategies Based on the Surface EMG Signals". Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering 42 (julio de 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jbbbe.42.1.

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The aim of this research work is to assess the muscles fatigue of the male runner during 400 meters (m) running with three types of running strategies. The Electromyography (EMG) signals from the Rectus Femoris (RF), Biceps Femoris (BF), Gluteus Maximus (GM), Gastrocnemius Lateralis (GL), and Gastrocnemius Medialis (GMS) were collected by using bipolar electrodes from the right lower extremity’s muscles. EMG signals were collected during the run on the tartan athletic track. Five subjects (non-athletes) had run 400m with three various types of running strategies. The first type: the first 200m running 85-93% of full speed and the last 200m sprinting (full speed), second type: the first 300m running 85-93% of sprinting and the last 100m sprinting, and third type: running 85-93% of sprinting for 400m. The EMG signals were transformed to the time-frequency domain using Short Time Fourier Transform to calculate the instantaneous mean frequency (IMNF) and instantaneous median frequency (IMDF). The less index fatigues were during 1st strategy, while the RF, BF, GM, and GL muscles got recovered with IMNF and IMDF with the three strategies, and the GMS muscle has less negative regression slope value with IMNF with 1st strategy during the 4th 100m of the 400m running event. From the results, it can be concluded the running with the 1st strategy get less fatigues compared with the 2nd and 3rd strategy based on the results of time-frequency domain features (IMNF and IMDF).

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Rafiei, Pouya, Hoofar Shokravi, Seyed Esmaeil Mohammadyan-Yasouj, Seyed Saeid Rahimian Koloor y Michal Petrů. "Temperature Impact on Engineered Cementitious Composite Containing Basalt Fibers". Applied Sciences 11, n.º 15 (26 de julio de 2021): 6848. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11156848.

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Engineered cementitious composite (ECC) is a new generation of fiber-reinforced concrete with high ductility and exceptional crack control capabilities. However, ECC can suffer a substantial reduction in ductility when exposed to elevated temperatures resulting in a loss of crack-bridging ability. In this study, the effect of adding basalt fiber (BF), which is an inorganic fiber with high-temperature resistance for the production of ECC, was studied. Moreover, the change in the mechanical properties of ECC, including compressive, tensile, and flexural strength, was experimentally investigated under elevated temperatures up to 400 °C. The results showed that the addition of BF to reinforced ECC improved the tensile and flexural strength of concrete effectively, but compressive strength marginally decreased. A significant decrease was observed in the range from 300 to 400 °C, while it increased smoothly when heated up to 300 °C. The compressive and flexural strength diminished after a slight strain gained when heated up to 100 °C. This work paves the way for future investigations focusing on the development of high-temperature resistance ECC.

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Nikolaev, Valery. "EFFECTIVENESS OF PERIODIZATION OF THE ANNUAL MACROCYCLE IN POWER TRAINING FOR GIRLS". SCIENCE AND SPORT: current trends 8, n.º 2 (1 de junio de 2020): 32–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.36028/2308-8826-2020-8-2-32-44.

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Goal. To study the effectiveness of periodization of the annual macrocycle in power training for girls based on their individual characteristics of metabolism and changes in the metabolic process occurring in the human body with regard to the seasonal biological patterns. Research methods and organization. The determination of the basal metabolism (BM), specific basal metabolism (SBM), and body mass composition of the students was carried out with the use of the ABC-01 Medass bio-impedance analyzer. The study involved 8 students from Mari State University and 8 students from fitness clubs in Yoshkar-Ola. Research results. We have provided the research material of fitness training process with periodiza-tion of the annual macrocycle: the rate of musculoskeletal (MS) growth (September-February), the rate of body fat (BF) loss (March-June), and the stabilization period – maintenance of the achieved body state (July-August). The study revealed the increased rate of MS growth by 1.24 kg (6.48%) (P <0.05) in September-February and continuously increased rate of MS growth up to 1.86 kg (9, 73%) (P <0.05) in March-June, which indicates muscle hypertrophy. The research revealed the growing BF of girls by 1.50 kg (10.58%) (P <0.05) in September-February, and the BF loss by -3.12 kg (-22.01%) (P <0.05) compared to the initial September level in March-June. Growing BF of girls is explained by seasonal changes in metabolism and excessive energy intake from 400 to 600 kcal relative to the daily energy expenditure in September-February. Girls, creating a deficit in energy intake by 200-300 kcal per day, deliberately achieved BF loss in March-June. Conclusion. Periodization of the training process in the power training macrocycle of girls and the control of correlation of energy intake and expenditure based on seasonal metabolic changes con-tributed to a statistically significant MS growth, BF loss and an increase in maximum strength.

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Abdou Nourou, Kouré Abdoul Aziz, Ousseini Mahaman Malam Mouctari, Hamani Marichatou y Verla Nsahlai Ignatius. "Smallholder farmers practices of crops livestock integration in the district of Aguié (Niger): Agricultural production and livestock feed". GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 22, n.º 1 (30 de enero de 2023): 064–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2023.22.1.0492.

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Crop production and livestock are main economic activities of most populations in Maradi region. The objective of this work is to study agricultural production and livestock feeding in terms of farming practices of crops livestock integration in 4 villages of Aguié. The results of surveys randomly conducted on a sample of 78 farmers showed that farmers were categorized into two groups, which are farmers (67%) and agro-pastoralists (33%). However, the multivariate analysis of data highlighted existence of three categories of agro-pastoralist farmers, distinct in terms of their means of existence and levels of integration. It was counted 21% of population who have plows and seeders, while 51% have carts. According to distribution of oxen in farms, a proportion of 51% were small farms have no draft oxen, while 45% of farms have a draft oxen, 3 % of farms have a pair of oxen and 1 % of farms has five (5) draft oxen. Cereal production in Kg is 862 ± 419 for Small Farms (SF); 1008 ± 132.7 for Medium Farms (MF) and 5748 ± 4068 for Big Farms (BF). As for production (Kg) of legumes; SF produce on average 293 ±139.3, MF 452 ± 123.7 and the BF 991 ± 208.5. With regard to sales and self-consumption of cereals and legumes, BF carry out these practices in large quantities. In MF, for a millet production of 4,155.99 ± 613.49 kg, the millet stovers are 2,068.85 ± 305.39 kg. Cowpea production in BF is 359.08 ±135.25 kg for 65.64 ± 24.72 kg of cowpea haulms. The sorghum stovers for BF, MF and SF is respectively 566.2; 276.8 and 125.2 kg with land capital in Ha of 8.1 (BF), 3 (MF) and 1.8 (SF). Despite fodder available which is 2,227.5 kg for 0.58 TLU in the SF; 2,441.1 kg for 1.63 TLU at the MF level and 4,414.5 kg for 3.03 TLU, fodder balance is in deficit in all farms according to fodder requirement (Kg/270 days).

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Goins, G. D., N. C. Yorio, H. R. Kagie y R. M. Wheeler. "Performance of Three Species of Salad-type Plants Grown under Narrow-spectrum Light-emitting Diodes (LEDs) in a Controlled Environment". HortScience 33, n.º 3 (junio de 1998): 488c—488. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.33.3.488c.

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Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are a promising light source for growing crop plants in spaceflight systems because of their superior safety, durability, small mass and volume, wavelength specificity, and long life. To address the usefulness of LEDs as a plant lighting source, radish (Raphanus sativus L. cv. Cherriette), lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. cv. Waldmann's Green), and spinach (Spinacea oleracea L. cv. Nordic IV) were grown using nutrient film technique hydroponics under cool-white fluorescent (CWF) lamps, red LEDs (peak emission 660 nm), and red LEDs + 30 μmol·m–2·s–1 supplemental blue fluorescent (BF) light (400–500 nm). Each lighting treatment was maintained in a separate controlled-environment chamber with total photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) maintained near 300 μmol·m–2·s–1 and a photoperiod of 18-h light/06-h dark. Results showed significant reductions in total dry mass (TDM) accumulation for radish plants grown under red LEDs + 30 μmol·m–2·s–1 BF or red LEDs only as compared to CWF-grown plants. Although TDM tended to decrease with decreasing BF for lettuce, treatment differences were not significant. TDM for spinach plants was significantly less under red LEDs compared to CWF or red LEDs + 30 μmol·m–2·s–1 BF. Interestingly, single-leaf photosynthesis and leaf conductance were not significantly different for any treatment, regardless of species. The data suggest a species-specific response for the amount of blue necessary for normal plant growth.

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Zhou, Lixia, Shenglei Fu, Mingmao Ding, Zhigang Yi y Weimin Yi. "Soil CO2 concentration and efflux from three forests in subtropical China". Soil Research 50, n.º 4 (2012): 328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr12109.

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Measurements of soil CO2 efflux and soil CO2 concentration concurrently are important for understanding the mechanism and regulation of CO2 in the soil. We have analysed CO2 concentration in a soil profile and soil CO2 efflux in three typical forests in subtropical China: monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest (BF, 400 years old), pine and broad-leaved mixed forest (MF, 80 years old), and pine forest (PF, 70 years old). A portable soil CO2 sampler of simple sample operation was designed and used. The seasonal patterns of soil surface CO2 efflux and soil CO2 concentration were observed, and were positively correlated with rainfall, soil temperature, and moisture. The mean values of soil CO2 concentrations at the 15, 30, 45, and 60 cm soil depth were higher in BF (3368–9243 μL L–1) than in MF (1495–7662 μL L–1) and PF (1566–5730 μL L–1), while the mean values of soil surface CO2 efflux (Rsurface) were 0.55 ± 0.11 g m–2 h–1 in BF, 0.52 ± 0.10 g m–2 h–1 in MF, and 0.45 ± 0.07 g m–2 h–1 in PF. Soil CO2 concentration and Rsurface increased gradually with the age of the forests, but the incremental increase in soil CO2 concentration will be greater than that of Rsurface in MF and PF compared with BF. The data suggested that, although older forests have more C, younger forests probably will sequester C as CO2 faster than older forests.

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Miranda, Valter Paulo Neves, Paulo Roberto dos Santos Amorim, Ronaldo Rocha Bastos, Karina Lúcia Ribeiro Canabrava, Márcio Vidigal Miranda Júnior, Fernanda Rocha Faria, Sylvia do Carmo Castro Franceschini, Maria do Carmo Gouveia Peluzio y Silvia Eloiza Priore. "Association of Lifestyle and Body Composition on Risk Factors of Cardiometabolic Diseases and Biomarkers in Female Adolescents". Mediators of Inflammation 2020 (9 de julio de 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9170640.

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Background. Female adolescents are considered a risk group for cardiometabolic disease due to their lifestyle (LS). Objective. To evaluate the association between LS classes and body composition groups with cardiometabolic disease risk factors and pro- and anti-inflammatory biomarkers in female adolescents. Methods. This cross-sectional study was carried out with female adolescents aged 14 to 19 years, from Viçosa-MG, Brazil. Latent class analysis assessed LS classes. Kinanthropometric measurements were taken together with the body fat percentage (BF%), being analyzed by the Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) equipment. Blood pressure and biochemical parameters were analyzed in the Health Division of the Federal University of Viçosa. The pro- and anti-inflammatory biomarkers were analyzed using Luminex technology. Associations with biomarkers were estimated by multiple linear regression. Results. 405 female adolescents were evaluated. The majority, 82.57%, 72.90%, and 65.31%, were classified as inactive by the number of steps, with high screen and cell phone time, respectively. Furthermore, 41.55% did meet the minimum of 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and 54.69% had high values of BF% (DEXA). The “Sedentary & Inactive LS” class together with the high levels of weight and BF% were associated with increased levels of blood pressure, lipid profile, and uric acid. It was also found that “Inactive & Sedentary LS”, high BF%, insulin resistance, and ultra-sensitive C-reactive protein were associated with the concentrations of proinflammatory biomarkers of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and leptin. Conclusion. We concluded that female adolescents with overweight/obese and high BF% presented higher values of anthropometric indicators, levels of blood pressure, concentration of uric acid and hs-CRP, and lower concentration of HDL. Inactive and Sedentary lifestyle of these girls, along with excess body fat, insulin resistance, and higher concentrations of hs-CRP were associated with the higher concentration proinflammatory markers.

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Xu, Peng, Min Hong Jiang y Xin Yu Liu. "Effects of Low Concentration BiFeO₃ Additions on Microstructure and Piezoelectric Properties of (K_0.5Na_0.5)NbO₃ Ceramics". Advanced Materials Research 335-336 (septiembre de 2011): 968–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.335-336.968.

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(1- x) K0.5Na0.5NbO3 – x BiFeO3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics were prepared by the conventional ceramic processing. The compositional dependence of the phase structure and the electrical properties of the ceramics were studied. A morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) between the orthorhombic and tetragonal phases was identified in the composition range of x = 0.01. The ceramics exhibit a strong compositional dependence and enhanced piezoelectric properties. The ceramics with 0.6 mol.% BF exhibit good electrical properties (d33 ～146 pC/N, kp ～51%, Tc ～405°C, To-t ～185 °C, εr ～432, and tan θ～ 4.60 %. The related mechanism of the enhanced electrical properties of the ceramics was also discussed. These results show that the air-sintered (1−x) KNN− x BF (0.006 < x < 0.01) ceramic is a promising lead-free piezoelectric material.

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42

Xue, Yahui, Shen Liu, Weining Li, Ruihan Mao, Yue Zhuo, Wenkai Xing, Jian Liu et al. "Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals Additive and Non-Additive Effects on Growth Traits in Duroc Pigs". Genes 13, n.º 8 (16 de agosto de 2022): 1454. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13081454.

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Growth rate plays a critical role in the pig industry and is related to quantitative traits controlled by many genes. Here, we aimed to identify causative mutations and candidate genes responsible for pig growth traits. In this study, 2360 Duroc pigs were used to detect significant additive, dominance, and epistatic effects associated with growth traits. As a result, a total number of 32 significant SNPs for additive or dominance effects were found to be associated with various factors, including adjusted age at a specified weight (AGE), average daily gain (ADG), backfat thickness (BF), and loin muscle depth (LMD). In addition, the detected additive significant SNPs explained 2.49%, 3.02%, 3.18%, and 1.96% of the deregressed estimated breeding value (DEBV) variance for AGE, ADG, BF, and LMD, respectively, while significant dominance SNPs could explain 2.24%, 13.26%, and 4.08% of AGE, BF, and LMD, respectively. Meanwhile, a total of 805 significant epistatic effects SNPs were associated with one of ADG, AGE, and LMD, from which 11 sub-networks were constructed. In total, 46 potential genes involved in muscle development, fat deposition, and regulation of cell growth were considered as candidates for growth traits, including CD55 and NRIP1 for AGE and ADG, TRIP11 and MIS2 for BF, and VRTN and ZEB2 for LMD, respectively. Generally, in this study, we detected both new and reported variants and potential candidate genes for growth traits of Duroc pigs, which might to be taken into account in future molecular breeding programs to improve the growth performance of pigs.

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Cambri, Lucieli Teresa, Rodrigo Augusto Dalia, Carla Ribeiro y Maria Alice Rostom de Mello. "Aerobic capacity of rats recovered from fetal malnutrition with a fructose-rich diet". Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 35, n.º 4 (junio de 2010): 490–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h10-034.

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The objective of this study was to analyze the aerobic capacity, through the maximal lactate steady-state (MLSS) protocol, of rats subjected to fetal protein malnutrition and recovered with a fructose-rich diet. Pregnant adult Wistar rats that were fed a balanced (17% protein) diet or a low-protein (6% protein) diet were used. After birth, the offspring were distributed into groups according to diet until 60 days of age: balanced (B), balanced diet during the whole experimental period; balanced–fructose (BF), balanced diet until birth and fructose-rich diet (60% fructose) until 60 days; low protein–balanced (LB), low-protein diet until birth and balanced diet until 60 days; and low protein–fructose (LF), low protein diet until birth and fructose-rich diet until 60 days. It was verified that the fructose-rich diet reduced body growth, mainly in the BF group. There was no difference among the groups in the load corresponding to the MLSS (B, 7.5 ± 0.5%; BF, 7.4 ± 0.6%; LB, 7.7 ± 0.4%; and LF, 7.7 ± 0.6% relative to body weight). However, the BF group presented higher blood lactate concentrations (4.8 ± 0.9 mmol·L–1) at 25 min in the load corresponding to the MLSS (B, 3.2 ± 0.9 mmol·L–1; LB, 3.4 ± 0.9 mmol·L–1; and LF, 3.2 ± 1.0 mmol·L–1). Taken together, these results indicate that the ability of young rats to perform exercise was not altered by intrauterine malnutrition or a fructose-rich diet, although the high fructose intake after the balanced diet in utero increased blood lactate during swimming exercises in rats.

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Semple, M. N. y L. M. Kitzes. "Single-unit responses in the inferior colliculus: different consequences of contralateral and ipsilateral auditory stimulation". Journal of Neurophysiology 53, n.º 6 (1 de junio de 1985): 1467–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1985.53.6.1467.

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Monaural excitatory responses of 181 single units in the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus of 15 anesthetized gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) were examined quantitatively. Pure-tone stimuli were presented monaurally through sealed, calibrated sound-delivery systems. Most units were excited only by contralateral stimulation (EO); 23% were bilaterally excitable (EE). The threshold frequency tuning curves for contralateral stimulation of EE units were significantly broader than those produced by ipsilateral stimulation of EE units and those produced by contralateral stimulation of EO units. The frequency at which threshold was lowest (best frequency), or BF) was very similar for ipsilateral and contralateral stimulation of individual EE units; however, ipsilateral BFs were slightly but significantly lower than contralateral BFs. For EE units, ipsilateral BF thresholds (mean: 29.2 dB SPL) were significantly higher than contralateral BF thresholds (mean: 14.9 dB SPL). Monotonic and nonmonotonic relationships between discharge rate and stimulus intensity at BF were observed in responses evoked both by contralateral and ipsilateral stimulation. Interestingly, for individual EE units it was not uncommon for the rate/intensity function for one monaural condition to be monotonic although the relationship for stimulation of the other ear was markedly nonmonotonic. There was no qualitative difference between rate/intensity functions evoked by contralateral stimulation in EO and EE units. Ipsilateral discharge rates were characteristically much lower than contralateral rates for a given stimulus intensity. For 50 BF tones of 100 ms duration, the median peak numbers of discharges for contralateral stimulation of EO and EE units were 361 and 339, respectively; the median for ipsilateral stimulation of EE units was 102. The dynamic range of each rate/intensity function was calculated by measuring the intensity range associated with an increase in spike count from 10 to 90% of the peak rate. No differences were detected between the distributions of dynamic range for contralateral stimulation in EO or EE units, or between contralateral and ipsilateral dynamic ranges within individual EE units. For all response types the distributions of dynamic range were approximately normal, with means near 20 dB. The minimum mean latency to the first spike at BF was generally longer for ipsilateral than for contralateral responses.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

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Österborg, Anders, Martin J. S. Dyer, Jiri Mayer, Georg Hess, Peter Hillmen, Johannes Schetelig, Anna Schuh et al. "Ofatumumab retreatment and maintenance in patients with fludarabine-refractory CLL." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, n.º 15_suppl (20 de mayo de 2012): 6584. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.6584.

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6584 Background: In Study 406, the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody ofatumumab (ofa), given as monotherapy over 6 months, showed 47% overall response rate (ORR) in patients (pts) with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) refractory to fludarabine and alemtuzumab (FA-ref), or to fludarabine with bulky (>5cm) lymphadenopathy (BF-ref). The effects of ofa retreatment (retx) and maintenance (mt) are unknown. Methods: Pts who responded to ofa and then progressed or had stable disease (SD) in Study 406, were offered retx in Study 416 (NCT00802737; GSK/Genmab) with ofa 1 x 300 mg + 7 x 2000 mg weekly followed by mt with ofa 2000 mg monthly for up to 2 years (if SD or better). Primary endpoint was ORR (1996 NCI-WG). Safety and time to event outcomes were also assessed. Results: Of 29 pts enrolled, 7 had SD and 22 had partial response (PR) and progressed in Study 406. Pts were defined per Study 406: 17 FA-ref, 11 BF-ref, 1 “other”. Pretreatment characteristics were similar between groups. Pts received a median of 12 doses (range 3-32); 86% had 8 doses, 3% received all 32 doses. 72% of pts had infusion-related adverse events (AEs), 41% at 1st infusion, mostly grade 1-2. The most common grade >3 AE occurring up to 60 days after last tx was infection (38%); the most common was pneumonia (17%). 3 pts (10%) had fatal infections, all bronchopneumonia. Clinical efficacy is shown in Table. Comparative analysis to Study 406 is ongoing. Conclusions: The response to ofatumumab (ofa) as induction retreatment and progression-free survival in this limited number of pts was similar to 1st treatment (Study 406). Ofa maintenance had some clinical benefit for pts with advanced CLL. Ofa was well-tolerated with no unexpected toxicities. [Table: see text]

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Ciornei, Laurențiu. "Conferința Europeană privind sistemele de energie regenerabilă (ECRES 2020), Istanbul, Turcia, 24 - 25 August 2020". Bucovina Forestiera 20, n.º 2 (9 de diciembre de 2020): 181–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4316/bf.2020.021.

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În perioada 24-25 august 2020, la Istanbul, Turcia, a avut loc cea de-a 8-a Conferință europeană privind sistemele de energie regenerabilă (ECRES 2020). Începând cu 2012, conferința este organizată, în fiecare an. Din punct de vedere istoric, prima, a doua, a treia, a patra, a cincea, a șasea și a șaptea conferință au fost finalizate cu succes în Alanya / Antalya (2012), Antalya (2013), Kemer / Antalya (2015), Istanbul (2016), Sarajevo (2017), Istanbul (2018) și Madrid (2019). Mai multe universități și centre de cercetare din întreaga lume susțin evenimentul, din punct de vedere tehnic. ECRES este unul dintre cele mai mari evenimente, care reunește cercetători, doctoranzi, ingineri, oameni de știință și cadre universitare din întreaga lume, interesați de progresul tuturor ramurilor sistemelor de energie regenerabilă: eolian, solar, hidro, geotermal, biomasă etc. Anul acesta, Universitatea Altînbaș din Istanbul a fost onorată să găzduiască această importantă întâlnire științifică. La conferință au participat peste 400 de participanți din peste 50 de țări de pe diferite continente. Au fost abordate diferite subiecte organizate în mai multe categorii de sesiuni: (i) Energie-mediu și politici, (ii) inginerie mecanică, (iii) sisteme de alimentare, (iv) materiale și caracterizare, (v) control, (vi) energie solară , (vii) Energie eoliană, (viii) Biomasă-biodiesel și hidrogen, (ix) Control și recoltare de energie, (x) Simulări ale sistemelor energetice și, (xi) Energie mixtă. ECRES 2020 a fost o bună oportunitate de a face schimb de idei și de a construi parteneriate care să contribuie la îmbunătățirea metodelor și rezultatelor cercetării științifice.

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Amuthan, Arul, Vasudha Devi, Chandrashekara Shastry Shreedhara, Venkata Rao, Kunal Puri y Shiny Jasphin. "VERNONIA CINEREA (NEICHITTI KEERAI) REGENERATES PROXIMAL TUBULES IN CISPLATININDUCED RENAL DAMAGE IN MICE". Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 12, n.º 1 (7 de enero de 2019): 332. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v12i1.27464.

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Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate whether Vernonia cinerea (VC) regenerates the proximal renal tubular cells in cisplatin-induced necrosis in male Swiss albino mice.Methods: The crude aqueous extract (CAE) of VC was fractionated from non-polar to polar using different solvents. Mice were injected a single dose of cisplatin (15 mg/kg) on day 1, which took 5 days to cause maximal renal damage. From day 6, CAE and all fractions were orally administered (200, 300, and 400 mg/kg) for 5 continuous days. On day 11, blood was collected to estimate urea and creatinine. Kidney was collected for histology and grading was done.Results: Cisplatin induced proximal renal tubular damage (grade 5) in corticomedullary junction, characterized by necrosis, proximal tubular dilatation, inflammation and vasodilation. Aqueous fraction (AF) did not show any regeneration; whereas, 400 mg/kg dose of CAE and butanol fraction (BF) showed a significant reduction (p<0.001) in proximal tubular damage (Grade 3) and 50–75% regeneration of proximal tubular epithelial cells.Conclusion: This is the first study to demonstrate the regenerative potential of Neichitti kashayam (CAE of VC) and its BF in cisplatin-induced proximal tubular damage in kidney. Further study is warranted to find out the dose regimen for complete regeneration, lead compounds, and molecular mechanism.

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Amuthan, Arul, Vasudha Devi, Chandrashekara Shastry Shreedhara, Venkata Rao, Kunal Puri y Shiny Jasphin. "VERNONIA CINEREA (NEICHITTI KEERAI) REGENERATES PROXIMAL TUBULES IN CISPLATININDUCED RENAL DAMAGE IN MICE". Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 12, n.º 1 (7 de enero de 2019): 332. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2019.v12i1.27464.

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Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate whether Vernonia cinerea (VC) regenerates the proximal renal tubular cells in cisplatin-induced necrosis in male Swiss albino mice.Methods: The crude aqueous extract (CAE) of VC was fractionated from non-polar to polar using different solvents. Mice were injected a single dose of cisplatin (15 mg/kg) on day 1, which took 5 days to cause maximal renal damage. From day 6, CAE and all fractions were orally administered (200, 300, and 400 mg/kg) for 5 continuous days. On day 11, blood was collected to estimate urea and creatinine. Kidney was collected for histology and grading was done.Results: Cisplatin induced proximal renal tubular damage (grade 5) in corticomedullary junction, characterized by necrosis, proximal tubular dilatation, inflammation and vasodilation. Aqueous fraction (AF) did not show any regeneration; whereas, 400 mg/kg dose of CAE and butanol fraction (BF) showed a significant reduction (p<0.001) in proximal tubular damage (Grade 3) and 50–75% regeneration of proximal tubular epithelial cells.Conclusion: This is the first study to demonstrate the regenerative potential of Neichitti kashayam (CAE of VC) and its BF in cisplatin-induced proximal tubular damage in kidney. Further study is warranted to find out the dose regimen for complete regeneration, lead compounds, and molecular mechanism.

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49

Rodrigues, G., K. Bae, M. Roach, C. Lawton, B. Donnelly, D. Grignon, G. Hanks, A. Porter, H. Lepor y H. Sandler. "Impact of ultrahigh baseline PSA levels on biochemical and clinical outcomes in two Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) prostate clinical trials". Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, n.º 15_suppl (20 de mayo de 2009): 5123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.5123.

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5123 Background: Controversy exists regarding the outcomes of prostate cancer patients (PCP) presenting with ultra-high (UH; defined as PSA ≥ 50 ng/ml) PSA levels. The objectives of this study were to assess the outcome of this patient population compared to other high-risk patients and to identify predictors associated with biochemical/clinical outcomes. Methods: PCP from two phase III RTOG PC clinical trials (9202 and 9413) were divided into two groups; high-risk patients with and without UH baseline PSA level. Predictive variables included age, Gleason score, T stage, KPS, and treatment arm. Outcomes included overall survival (OS), distant metastasis (DM), and biochemical failure (BF) by Phoenix definition. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used for OS, and Fine and Gray's regression model was used for DM and BF to test the hypotheses that a difference in each outcome exists between the two groups. Results: There are 401 PCP in the UH PSA and 1792 in the non-UH PSA cohort. Median age was 70 years and PCP were evenly distributed across the Gleason groups (2–6, 7, 8–10) for the non-UH (median PSA 22.4 ng/ml) and the UH PSA (median PSA 72.8ng/ml) cohort. The UH PSA cohort had a larger proportion of T1-T2 disease (p = 0.01) and a smaller proportion of Gleason 8 disease (p = 0.04) than the non-UH group. PCP with UH PSA was found to have inferior OS (HR 1.19, 95% CI 1.02–1.39), DM rate (HR 1.51, 95% CI 1.19–1.92), and BF rate (HR 1.50, 95% CI 1.29–1.73) when compared to other high-risk PCP in multivariable modeling. In the UH cohort, PSA level was found to model risk of DM (HR 1.01, 95% CI 1.001–1.02) but not OS and BF. Gleason grade 8–10 was found to consistently predict for poor OS, DM, and BF outcomes (with HR estimates ranging from 1.41 to 2.36) in both the overall and UH cohort multivariable analyses. Conclusions: UH PSA levels at diagnosis are related with detrimental changes in OS, DM, and BF. All three outcomes assessed in this investigation can be modeled by various combinations all predictive variables tested. Supported by RTOG U10 CA21661, CCOP U10 CA37422, and Stat U10 CA32115 grants from the NCI. This abstract's contents are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NCI. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Porto, Luiz Guilherme Grossi, Edgard M. K. V. K. Soares, Sushant M. Ranadive, Adriana Lofrano-Porto y Denise L. Smith. "Association of Endogenous Testosterone with Physical Fitness Measures during Firefighter Occupational Health Evaluations". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 21, n.º 3 (27 de febrero de 2024): 274. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21030274.

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Firefighting is a physically demanding profession associated with unacceptably high on-duty cardiovascular mortality. Low endogenous total testosterone (TT) is an emerging cardiometabolic (CM) risk factor in men, but limited data exists on its interactions with physical fitness (PF). Data from occupational health and fitness assessments of 301 male career firefighters (FFs) were analyzed. TT was categorized as low (<264 ng/dL), borderline (264–399 ng/dL), and reference (400–916 ng/dL). PF tests included cardiorespiratory fitness (submaximal treadmill), body fat percentage (BF%), push-ups, plank, and handgrip strength assessments. In the crude analyses, FFs in the low TT group had worse muscular and cardiorespiratory fitness measures compared to the referent group. However, after adjusting for age and BF%, none of the PF differences remained statistically significant. Similarly, the odds of less-fit FFs (PF performance below median values) having low TT were higher compared to the fitter ones only before adjusting for age and BF%. Therefore, in the final adjusted model, there was no significant association between TT and PF. Our data suggest that age and body fat confound the association between PF and TT. Low TT and poor PF are important components of FFs’ CM risk profile, and there is potential benefit to considering TT screening as part of a comprehensive occupational health program that manages performing medical evaluations and provides education and preventative programming.

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