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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Béton – Environnement"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Béton – Environnement"
Augereau, Claire. "De l’opportunité du balcon dans Siloé (1941) de Paul Gadenne et Un Balcon en forêt (1958) de Julien Gracq". RELIEF - Revue électronique de littérature française 16, n.º 1 (8 de julio de 2022): 87–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.51777/relief12345.
Texto completoGUEGUEN MINERBE, M., I. NOUR y T. CHAUSSADENT. "Devenir des structures en béton en présence d’H2S – Vers une évolution des classes d’exposition". Techniques Sciences Méthodes, n.º 10 (20 de octubre de 2020): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.36904/tsm/202010045.
Texto completoBouhamou, N., N. Belas, H. Mesbah, A. Mebrouki y Y. Ammar. "Étude du comportement à l’état frais des bétons autoplaçants à base de matériaux locaux". Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 35, n.º 7 (julio de 2008): 653–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l07-134.
Texto completoDeby, Fabrice, Myriam Carcasses y Alain sellier. "Approche performantielle probabilisée pour la durabilité des bétons d'ouvrages en environnement marin". Revue européenne de génie civil 13, n.º 1 (31 de enero de 2009): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/ejece.13.9-19.
Texto completoSouche, Jean-Claude, Gwenn Le Saout, Marie Salgues y Sylvain Pioch. "Effets de bétons bio-actifs sur la colonisation marine en environnement méditerranéen". Matériaux & Techniques 104, n.º 5 (2016): 504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/mattech/2016033.
Texto completoDeby, Fabrice, Myriam Carcasses y Alain Sellier. "Approche performantielle probabilisée pour la durabilité des bétons d'ouvrages en environnement marin". European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering 13, n.º 1 (enero de 2009): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19648189.2009.9693082.
Texto completoBoukli Hacène, Mohammed El Amine, Nasr Eddine Chabane Sari, Boumediene Benyoucef y Sofiane Amara. "L’impact environnemental d’une habitation écologique". Journal of Renewable Energies 13, n.º 4 (25 de octubre de 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.54966/jreen.v13i4.220.
Texto completoTesis sobre el tema "Béton – Environnement"
Bouharoun, Samir. "Comportement tribologique des huiles de décoffrage à l'interface béton/coffrage : influence de la formulation du béton". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Artois, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ARTO0209.
Texto completoIn a context where sustainable development has become a major priority, the companies in the building field must face to new requirements in terms of respect of the environment. In particular, during the concrete pouring, a mineral release agent, poorly biodegradable is currently used as separating layer non-stick. The nature of this oil creates significant risks of environmental pollution. New formulations of release agent of vegetable origin were developed.The appearance of this new product range requires a sufficient knowledge of their behavior at the interface concrete/release agent/formwork. This report contributes to the study the effect of the concrete composition on the tribological behavior at the interface concrete/formwork with two release agents of different nature (vegetable release agent and mineral release agent). The zone of concrete near the formwork was studied without release agents. First, the evolution of the density of the concrete at the approach of a wall was evaluated as a function of the contact pressure and the past volume. Then, a comprehensive analysis of this fresh layer was carried out to estimate the W/B ratio and the amount of paste mobilized close to the formwork. A physicochemical study was performed by reconstituting the interstitial medium of the interface concrete/release agent/formwork containing a different dosage of oil and superplasticizer. Several adapted techniques to these complex medium were used to evaluate the formation of soaps and to determine the stability of the obtained emulsions. This thesis ends with a study of the friction of fresh concrete against the formwork with and without release agent using a plan/plan tribometer. Many formulations of concrete are studied. The results were allowed to understand the mechanism of action of the fines element and the dosage of superplasticizer at the interfaces concrete/formwork and concrete/release agent/formwork. In the case of vegetable release agent, the soap formed from the esters and fatty acids contributes to reduce the friction by stabilizing the emulsion and organizing the interface. However, the presence of the superplasticizer is necessary to obtain a high performance for the mineral release agent
Petitpain, Marjorie. "Bétons à faible impact environnemental pour l’industrie du béton : accélération du durcissement de bétons à base de liants ternaires". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL10160.
Texto completoThis study is part of the action program of the french concrete industry; it aims finding innovative solutions of concrete with low environmental impact, which allow to get technical and economic performances at least equivalent to those of the traditional concretes. To answer this issue, the study of ternary binders, made of Portland cement CEM I, blast furnace slag and limestone addition, was realized by optimizing the means that are available in precast industry to accelerate their hardening: use of a thermal treatment, use of chemical activators and optimization of the mixture’s compactness. Thermal treatment proves to be the most powerful lever of action. The developed solutions (material and process) obtain a much better economic-environmental balance compared to a control concrete whose binder is composed of Portland cement CEM I
Deby, Fabrice. "Approche probabiliste de la durée des bétons en environnement marin". Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/370/.
Texto completoA probabilistic approach to prediction of concrete's durability in marine environment is proposed in this thesis. The aim of this work is to develop a methodology linked with the performance-based approaches using the concept of durability indicators. The probabilistic FORM algorithm and the coupled deterministic model are developed to estimate the reliability index of the material. The probability distributions of the random variables are built. A multiplicative error is introduced in order to integrate information from different concretes into a single database and a Bayesian network is presented to update these results by further experiments. A practical example is proposed for a reinforced concrete immersed in sea water. A semi-probabilistic design for engineering based on characteristic values and partial safety factors is developed to achieve the same reliability
Youssef, Alice. "Prise en compte des apports mécaniques du béton de chanvre pour le calcul de structure bois/béton de chanvre et métal/béton de chanvre". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lorient, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORIS431.
Texto completoLime and hemp concrete (LHC) is nowadays the most developed bio-based aggregate building material in Europe. It consists of hemp shiv and mineral binder mixing with water. Generally, bio-based materials like LHC are used for their thermal insulation properties in building. Most blocks of Lime Hemp Concrete which have been studied, show a brittle behavior and a very low mechanical strength. The formulations are generally rich in binder and slightly compacted. Up to now, this material is then not considered as a load bearing material and is mainly used as filler insulation, combined with structure components made of wood, concrete or masonry. A study has tested other formulations, with higher contents of aggregates thanks to a compaction process, in order to improve both the rigidity and the strength of the hardened mixtures. In these formulations, shiv which has higher amount is definitely lighter and more porous than lime, which prevents a significant increase in thermal conductivity. The present work of my PhD is an experimental study of the compressive and shearing behavior of hemp concrete, in order to study the load-bearing capacity and bracing of this bio based material, while maintaining good qualities of thermal insulation in building. Two compacted formulations were tested M1 & M4, as well as samples obtained from trade-blocks Chanvribloc®. Two series of tests were performed. The first one is a uniaxial compression test in each direction for characterizing the mechanical anisotropy of the material. This anisotropy is induced by the compacting process. The second one permits to characterize the shearing behavior of the different mix-designs. In this study, an original shear device was developed, specifically designed for this kind of material, which allows shearing under controlled normal stress. An image processing performed was carried out, using a camera and ARAMIS image processing software during shear tests, to evaluate the fields of deformations and to study the behavior of the specimen during the shear test. The compressive experiments results have shown that this material is anisotropic, even when it is industrially molded by vibrations. The material has a transverse isotropic behavior. The behavior in the longitudinal direction is characterized by very high ductility, while the transverse behavior is very brittle, with a highly variable and unsteady behavior. The experimental results in shear show a high ductility of this material. These results are very promising, an interesting behavior of LHC walls in term of potential bracing. Numerical modeling and applications have been carried out to illustrate the use of hemp concrete blocks for bracing buildings. The formulation M4 exhibits a better behavior under moderate and average seismic actions, compared to the formulation M1, while the Chanvribloc walls in the present state do not allowthe buildings to be braced in moderate or medium seismic zones
Matoiri, Chaibati Nadare. "Méthode probabiliste générique de qualification de la durabilité / fiabilité du béton dans son environnement". Thesis, Angers, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ANGE0021.
Texto completoThe evolution of construction techniques, innovation and the environmental consideration standards are driving construction players to offer efficient and innovative materials for the construction of buildings and various infrastructures around the world. The material remains the most widely used in the construction industry today.Concrete standardization is generally based on prescriptive rules that take into account the Water/Cement ratio, the minimum resistance class, the minimum cement content, minimum air content, etc. This prescriptive method remains satisfactory but must be supplemented by another alternative to take into account the use of concrete composition not mentioned in the standard. Thus, the performance-based approach to concrete durability has been proposed. The aimis to allow the manufacture of concrete with a different formula than the standard while showing that it is as efficient as that of the standard. This performance demonstration involves the use of durability indicators and performance tests.The results of the tests carried out on the new concrete formulation will show whether its performance is equal to or above that of the standard. The problem arises in the number of tests to be carried out in order to guarantee the performance of the concrete. In this thesis, a generic method of qualifying the durability/Reliability of concrete with an optimized test plan is proposed for different types of environments. This method allows to estimate the durability/reliability of concrete in its environment with a given guarantee and a statistic of the tests to be carried out. The Wiener process is used to model degradation processes in concrete.An application of the method is carried out for the case of a concrete subject to carbonation
Marquet, Clément. "Binaire béton : Quand les infrastructures numériques aménagent la ville". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLT036.
Texto completoHow is the city developed by and with digital technologies? To answer this question, the thesis analyses in a single movement the urban consequences of the information and physical infrastructures of digital technology. To this end, it mobilizes the methodological and analytical frameworks of Infrastructure Studies, the sociology of techniques and innovation and the sociology of public problems. From an empirical point of view, it proposes to take a step back from the major mediatized experiments of the "smart city" to study more diffuse, everyday transformations generated by digital technologies. It consists of two case studies: on the one hand, it follows a programme to develop connected services to improve the accessibility of a Paris Region transport network for people with reduced mobility, and on the other hand, it analyses the discreet establishment of numerous data centres in Plaine Commune, in the north of the Parisian metropolitan area, and the resulting local unrest. The fieldwork includes several participating observations, about 40 interviews, a press review and the analysis of internal documents of the organizations. The thesis shows how the logic of immediacy, of "real time", generally at the centre of the promises associated with the digital city, requires an increased availability of workers, data and servers. Thus, in the transport company, projects to improve passenger service via smartphones confront station agents with the dual imperative of the face-to-face relationship and the alerts of the connected device. The cartographic data on which connected services are based, often taken for granted, require organizations to invent new collaborations to ensure their production and maintenance. The servers necessary for the functioning of the digital society are accumulated, protected and maintained in data centres, imposing buildings that are geographically concentrated, disrupt the environments in which they are located, disconcert elected officials and disturb residents. The logic of real time thus weighs on the social and spatial organization of cities, and invites us to rethink the urban development of digital infrastructures in terms of work, maintenance and the environment - unlike those, more commonly mobilized, of socio-technical imaginaries, promises of optimization and urban models
Aubert, Jean-Emmanuel. "Valorisation d'une cendre d'incinérateur d'ordures ménagères traitée par le procédé Revasol R dans des bétons hydrauliques". Toulouse 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU30203.
Texto completoDang, Vu Hiep. "Phases d'initiation et de propagation de la corrosion des armatures du béton armé fissuré en environnement carbonique ou salin". Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ISAT0039/document.
Texto completoThis thesis aims to study the reinforcement corrosion embedded in reinforced concrete structures on both initiation and propagation of corrosion and its long-term consequences on the service life of structures. Firstly, a long-term study on the conditions for the initiation and propagation of corrosion in saline environment is presented and the first results confirm the early initiation of corrosion, but shows that the influence of pre-cracks on the propagation of corrosion depends on their conditions of exposure and concrete cover thickness. A study was conducted in carbon dioxide condition with presence of cracks to examine its impact on the initiation and propagation of corrosion. The results showed that whatever the mechanical crack opening, the crack edge and the steel-concrete interface were carbonated. Carbonation of the steel-concrete interface is likely to be due to mechanical damage induced by loading and stress transfer from the steel to mortar when creating cracks. This damage is also caused by the presence of internal micro-cracks around the steel bar. Following exposure to wetting-drying cycles, corrosion develops throughout the reinforcement but with a greater thickness of rust layer on the underside of the reinforcement where the quality of the interface is weaker. The results showed that the corrosion cracking induced by the development of rust layer arises from internal micro-cracks due to mechanical damage. This result is consistent with the development of corrosion cracks observed previously in saline environment. Another part of the thesis is to study the residual mechanical properties of corroded reinforced concrete beams of 26-28 years exposed to a saline environment under bending load. The behavior of single tensile steel corroded extracted from these corroded beams is studied. It is very difficult to know the true stress of tensile steels corroded "naturally" in concrete contaminated by exposure to chlorides. Indeed, the corrosion induced by chlorides leads to create corrosion pits with various geometries that make it difficult to determine accurately the residual steel cross-section. However, it appears that the true yield stress is unaffected, the true ultimate stress is slightly increased by corrosion but the total elongation at failure is drastically reduced by the presence of pitting corrosion. The effect of reinforcement corrosion on flexural behavior is then studied. The corrosion resulted in a change in failure mode, from concrete crushing in compression after yielding of tensile steel to brittle failure of tension reinforcement. The decrease of the load bearing capacity is proportional to the loss of steel section in the mid-span section. The loss of ductility or decrease in deflection at failure of reinforced concrete beams is very important and could be the limiting factor for the service life of corroded RC structures. It appears that the change in ductility of corroded reinforced concrete beam is correlated with the change in ductility of the steel due to corrosion. The effect of corrosion on the shear behavior is then studied. To make this, the short-shear span beams (deep beams) were tested under three point bending until failure. The results showed that corrosion can lead to changes in mechanical behavior but load bearing capacity of deep beams is generally unaffected by corrosion of longitudinal reinforcement and stirrups. These results can be explained by a coupled behavior between arch action and beam action leading to change in load transfer mechanism and failure mode. In addition, the capacity of straight end anchorage of corroded reinforcement appears to be very much higher than expected despite the presence of corrosion cracks. Concrete confinement effect due to the end support reaction and the “natural” corrosion condition which do not lead to a homogeneous damage all around perimeter of re-bars may explain these surprising results
Schiopu, Nicoleta. "Caractérisation des émissions dans l'eau des produits de construction pendant leur vie en oeuvre". Lyon, INSA, 2007. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2007ISAL0076/these.pdf.
Texto completoThe various French and European regulatory or voluntary actions push more and more the construction products manufacturers to an environmental assessment policy. A « horizontal » approach (i. E. , applicable to one or several families of products used in a certain scenario) is considered the best route for the assessment. Moreover, it is required by the Mandate M/366 addressed to CEN. The aim of this research is to contribute to the development of this kind of approach, in order to assess the substances emission from construction products into water, during their service life. Three products were tested: concrete slabs, wood duckboards and zinc gutters. The experiments were carried out at two scales: laboratory scale (controlled conditions) and pilot scale (outdoor / not-controlled conditions, with meteorological monitoring). At pilot scale the products were exposed to meteoric water, during one year. A release model (chemical and transport modelling) was developed for the case of the concrete slabs. PHREEQC software was adapted and used. The main results show that in order to assess the substances emission from construction products into water, in a « horizontal » approach framework, the following steps are required and must take into account the product and the exposure conditions specificities: - physicochemical characterisation of the product, which could be more or less complex, depending on the product and on the knowledge already available ; - characterisation of leaching behaviour, under static (equilibrium) and dynamic conditions, which must take into account especially the use and the evolution of the product during its service life. The Continuous Monolithic Leaching Test (CMLT) seems more suitable for release dynamic assessment ; - modelling of the products behaviour in a specific exposure scenario. The laboratory data cannot be directly transferred to service conditions but they are essential for the modelling of environmental behaviour
Poyet, Stéphane. "Étude de la dégradation des ouvrages en béton atteints par la réaction alcali-silice : approche expérimentale et modélisation numérique multi-échelles des dégradations dans un environnement hydro-chemo-mécanique variable". Marne-la-Vallée, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MARN0193.
Texto completo