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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Behavioural disorders"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 20 de febrero de 2023

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Behavioural disorders"

Kuklińska, Marta, Emilia J. Sitek, Bogna Brockhuis, Anna Barczak, Beata Hintze y Ewa Narożańska. "Behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia – selected diagnostic dilemmas in neuropsychiatry". Aktualności Neurologiczne 20, n.º 2 (30 de octubre de 2020): 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.15557/an.2020.0010.

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Introduction: Differential diagnosis of behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia remains a challenge for neurologists and psychiatrists as some behavioural symptoms of this illness and psychiatric disorders, such as apathy, are not specific. Aim: The paper aims at presenting the differential diagnosis of behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia and primary psychiatric disorders. Discussion: Behavioural symptoms of behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia overlap with symptoms typical for primary psychiatric disorders. Psychotic symptoms, apathy and inappropriate behaviour are prominent in schizophrenia. Repetitive behaviours are typical for obsessive-compulsive disorders. Inattention and impulsivity are common in attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder. Disinhibition is typical of mania in the context of bipolar disorder. Thus, all these psychiatric diagnoses need to be considered in the differential diagnosis of behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia. This condition is associated with language deficits and more widespread executive and social cognition deficits. Also, the presence of neurological symptoms, such as oculomotor dysfunction, upper/lower motor neuron dysfunction or bradykinesia, may facilitate the diagnosis. Functional decline is observed during follow-up in behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia, but not in phenocopy syndrome. Conclusions: Differential diagnosis requires integration of behavioural and neuropsychological data with the results of neurological assessment and neuroimaging work-up. In ambiguous cases, if genetic testing is negative, only longitudinal observation can confirm the diagnosis of behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia or phenocopy syndrome.

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Minnis, Helen, Joanne Reekie, David Young, Tom O'Connor, Angelica Ronald, Alison Gray y Robert Plomin. "Genetic, environmental and gender influences on attachment disorder behaviours". British Journal of Psychiatry 190, n.º 6 (junio de 2007): 490–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.105.019745.

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BackgroundDespite current interest in attachment disorder, there is concern about its discrimination from other disorders and an unproven assumption of an environmental aetiology.AimsTo test whether behaviours suggestive of attachment disorder are distinct from other childhood behavioural and emotional problems and are solely environmentally determined.MethodIn a community sample of 13472 twins, we carried out factor analysis of questionnaire items encompassing behaviours indicative of attachment disorder, conduct problems, hyperactivity and emotional difficulties. We used behavioural genetic model-fitting analysis to explore the contribution of genes and environment.ResultsFactor analysis showed clear discrimination between behaviours suggestive of attachment disorder, conduct problems, hyperactivity and emotional problems. Behavioural genetics analysis suggested a strong genetic influence to attachment disorder behaviour, with males showing higher heritability.ConclusionsBehaviours suggestive of attachment disorder can be differentiated from common childhood emotional and behavioural problems and appear to be strongly genetically influenced, particularly in boys.

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Cooper, Sally-Ann. "Behaviour disorders in adults with learning disabilities: Effect of age and differentiation from other psychiatric disorders". Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine 15, n.º 1 (marzo de 1998): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0790966700004614.

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AbstractObjective: To clarify the effect of age on behaviour disorders in adults with learning disabilities, and the differentiation of behaviour disorders from other psychiatric disorders.Method: Detailed assessments, measuring maladaptive behaviours, psychiatric disorders and demographic factors were completed on 93.7% of all people with learning disabilities aged 65 years and over, living in Leicestershire, UK (n = 134), and also a random sample of adults with learning disabilities aged 20-64 years (n = 73). Behaviour disorders were distinguished from other psychiatric disorders. Descriptive and inferential statistics were calculated.Result: Equal rates (15%) and types of behaviour disorder were found in the two groups. The presence of behaviour disorder was associated with the severity of learning disabilities, but age was not associated, and nor was presence of epilepsy or gender. In many cases, positive scores on the behavioural assessment, which carers attributed to challenging behaviour/ behaviour disorder, were actually symptoms of psychiatric illness.Conclusion: Behaviour disorders persist into old age, and therefore require management from the appropriate services. This need will increase, due to increasing lifespan. The accurate interpretation of behaviour scales requires that a comprehensive psychiatric assessment is also undertaken, particularly in elderly people where rates of psychiatric disorders are higher than for younger adults.

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Purpura, Giulia, Francesco Cerroni, Marco Carotenuto, Renata Nacinovich y Luca Tagliabue. "Behavioural Differences in Sensorimotor Profiles: A Comparison of Preschool-Aged Children with Sensory Processing Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorders". Children 9, n.º 3 (14 de marzo de 2022): 408. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children9030408.

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Sensory Processing Disorders (SPDs) define dysfunctions in modulating, organising, and using information from several sensory channels for regulating motor, behavioural, emotional and attention responses. Although SPD can be identified also as an isolated condition in young children, its presence in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) population is really frequent. The study purpose is to explore the SPD clinical expression and the putative correlation with several behavioural aspects both in children with ASD and in those with isolated SPD. Therefore, 43 preschool-aged children (25 ASD vs. 18 SPD) were recruited, and their parents completed three questionnaires (Developmental Profile-3, Sensory Processing Measure–Preschool, Repetitive Behaviour Scale-Revised) to evaluate behavioural alterations and developmental levels. The main result is that both ASD and SPD groups had significantly sensory-related behavioural symptoms, although ASD children seem to be more impaired in all areas. Several significant correlations were found between sensory processing difficulties and repetitive behaviours, but in the SPD group a specific relationship between Body Awareness and Ritualistic/Sameness Behaviour was found. Conversely, in the ASD group, more diffuse interlinks between sensory processing difficulties and motor behaviours were significant. In conclusion, the present study confirms the key role of sensory–motor skills in early diagnosis and intervention among children at risk for neurodevelopmental disorders.

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Magwai, Thabo y Khethelo Richman Xulu. "Physiological Genomics Plays a Crucial Role in Response to Stressful Life Events, the Development of Aggressive Behaviours, and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)". Genes 13, n.º 2 (4 de febrero de 2022): 300. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13020300.

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Physiological genomics plays a crucial role in responding to stressful life events, such as violence and traumatic stress. This exposure to traumatic stress can trigger several physiological pathways, which are associated with genetic variability. Exposure to traumatic stress can result in the development of behavioural and psychiatric disorders, such as aggressive behaviour and anxiety disorders. Several genes play a crucial role in the neurophysiological response to chronic stress and trauma. These essential genes include monoamine oxidase A (MAOA), solute carrier family 6 member 4 (SLC6A4), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), dopamine receptor 2 and 4 (DRD2 and DRD4), and FK506 binding protein 5 (FKBP5). Genetic variations in several genes have been found to have altered physiological response, which associates with the development of several behavioural traits. Interestingly, previous studies show that there is an interplay between aggressive behaviour and anxiety disorders, which may be associated with physiological genomics structure. The physiological responses are based on genetic architecture and its molecular reaction. Understanding physiological genomics may show underpinnings related to the development of aggressive behaviours and their interaction with anxiety disorders. This review aims to discuss the association between different physiological genes and the development of psychiatric disorders related to aggressive behaviours and anxiety disorders, such as post-traumatic stress disorder.

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Nicholls, Dasha y Caro Grindrod. "Behavioural eating disorders". Paediatrics and Child Health 19, n.º 2 (febrero de 2009): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paed.2008.10.007.

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Nicholls, Dasha y Caro Grindrod. "Behavioural eating disorders". Paediatrics and Child Health 23, n.º 1 (enero de 2013): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paed.2012.10.004.

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Lewis, Ben y Dasha Nicholls. "Behavioural eating disorders". Paediatrics and Child Health 26, n.º 12 (diciembre de 2016): 519–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paed.2016.08.005.

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Wang’ang’a, Annerose W. y Michael M. Ndurumo. "Options to the Use of Suspension and Expulsion in Kenyan Institutions: A Literature Review". East African Journal of Education Studies 5, n.º 2 (24 de agosto de 2022): 351–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/eajes.5.2.804.

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This article compared the effectiveness of punitive strategies such as suspension and expulsion to mitigate behaviour disorders in Kenyan schools. Behaviour disorders witnessed in Kenyan schools include externalising and internalising behaviour disorders. Externalising behaviour disorders include bullying, aggression, disruption, acting out, fighting, violence, destruction of property, cheating, and stealing among others. Internalising behaviour disorders include depression, anxiety, social withdrawal, immaturity, negative talk, substance abuse, loneliness or guilt, sadness, suicidal feelings, nervousness, and irritability among others. Suspension and expulsion are the zero tolerance (ZT) strategies used in our institutions to curb behaviour disorders. Zero tolerance measures are guidelines for providing the harshest retribution possible to every student who goes against the laid down regulations. Corporal punishment is also used as a punitive measure in our institutions despite its prohibition in the Children’s Act 2001. Corporal punishment was recognised to offer minor data on appropriate action to take but only educate the person on the inappropriate behaviours to avoid. This article found that solitary disciplinary practices like suspension and expulsion may further prohibit poor academic performance and dropout. The article further found out the importance of training the heads of learning institutions on how to manage inappropriate behaviour disorders and the incorporation of other strategies such as guidance and counselling and the involvement of parents. Thus, it encourages Kenyan institutions to adopt School-Wide Positive Behavioural Interventions and Supports (SWPBIS), which is a non-condoning approach used in controlling school violence and misbehaviour of students that have shown positive results in an unsystematically controlled trial research to control school violence and misbehaviour of students. This article also found out the need for a Functional Behavioural Assessment (FBA) before intervening for a behaviour disorder. The aim of an FBA is to collect wide and particular data so as to comprehend the exact purpose of the student’s inappropriate behaviours.

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Walshe, David, Mary O'Kelly, Louis Ramsay, Tessa Gibson, Fiona Mulvanney, Ahmed Kara y Edan Corcoran. "The relationship between behaviour disturbance and psychiatric diagnosis in male mentally handicapped adults resident in a long-stay unit". Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine 10, n.º 1 (febrero de 1993): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0790966700013239.

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AbstractObjective: To investigate the relationship between behavioural disturbance and psychiatric diagnosis in male mentally handicapped adults resident in a long stay unit. Method: The case notes of all 144 residents of St. Raphaels were reviewed. Diagnoses were classified according to the International Classification of Diseases Ninth Revision (ICD-9) and grouped into one of four categories Infantile Autism, Functional Psychoses, Personality/Behavioural Disorder and Emotional Disorders. Carers (Senior Nursing Staff) were interviewed using the Adaptive Behaviour Scale Part 2 (ABS Part 2) as a measure of behavioural disturbance in the preceding year for the 144 residents. Results: 56% of residents had significant psychiatric disorder. Those with a psychiatric diagnosis showed increased behavioural disturbance across a wide range of measures (p<0.001) with Hyperactivity, Self Abuse and Violence showing greatest discriminative power. However there was not a relationship between diagnostic category and pattern of scoring on the ABS Part 2. There was a significant relationship between Degree of Mental Handicap and Psychiatric Diagnostic Category (p<0.001). Neither psychiatric morbidity nor behavioural disturbance was associated with epilepsy, age or duration of stay. Conclusions: Mentally handicapped adults in residential care show high rates of psychiatric disturbance. Those with psychiatric diagnoses exhibit a wide range of disturbed behaviours but similar patterns of maladaptive behaviour occur across the spectrum of psychiatric disorders. These findings refer to a male residential population and cannot be generalised to all mentally handicapped.

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Tesis sobre el tema "Behavioural disorders"

Cross, Elaine. "Behavioural phenotypes in the mucopolysaccharide disorders". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.566569.

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This thesis investigated behaviour and behavioural phenotypes in the Mucopolysaccharide (MPS) disorders. The MPS disorders are a group of rare lysosomal storage disorders which are characterised by a period of normal development followed by gradual cognitive and/or physical decline.Paper 1 describes a systematic review of the extant literature on cognitive, motor, social, linguistic and behavioural presentation in all of the MPS disorders. 25 papers were reviewed and the methodology they employed was assessed. Sleep disturbance was found to be part of the behavioural phenotype of MPS III. In MPS I and II fearfulness and sleep problems occurred in most cases. In MPS II participants with the mild form were found to have relatively normal development and few or no behavioural problems, while those with the severe form had behavioural problems, delayed speech, delayed development and limited motor function. High rates of challenging behaviour, most commonly associated with aggression, hyperactivity, orality, unusual affect and temper tantrums were consistently observed in children with MPS III.Paper 2 describes an empirical study investigating the behavioural phenotype of MPS III, Sanfilippo syndrome. Parents of 20 children with MPS III, 5 adults with MPS III and 25 children with Intellectual Disability (ID) completed questionnaires relating to their son/daughter’s behaviour and adaptive skills. The frequency of challenging behaviours displayed by children aged 2-9 years with MPS III and ID were high but not significantly different. Behaviours associated with hyperactivity, orality, body movements and inattention were seen significantly more frequently in 2-9 year olds with MPS III than ID. The frequency of challenging behaviours displayed by children with MPS III and their adaptive skills was found to decrease with age. Children age 10-15 years with MPS III displayed significantly fewer problem behaviours than children of the same age with ID. It is recommended that parents with a child with MPS III aged 2-9 years are offered clinical services to support them with managing challenging behaviour while those with a child of 10 years or over are offered support with managing health concerns and end of life care.The third Paper, provides an evaluation of the strengths and limitations of the literature review and the empirical study. The findings and clinical implications from both studies are discussed. The process of conducting research into rare, life limiting, genetic syndromes is reflected upon and recommendations for replication and further research are made.

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Lindberg, Nina. "Sleep in mental and behavioural disorders". Helsinki : University of Helsinki, 2003. http://ethesis.helsinki.fi/julkaisut/laa/kliin/vk/lindberg2/.

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Burokas, Aurelijus 1982. "New behavioural models to investigate eating disorders". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/126535.

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The rapid increase of obesity has encouraged the study of the aetiology of eating disorders. Besides genetic, social and metabolic factors, obesity is caused by over-eating and has high rate of relapse to abnormal food-taking habits, which is mainly provoked by food-associated cues. High-palatable food intake shares similarities with the consumption of addictive drugs since it engages brain reward systems and produces comparable behavioural adaptations. However, the mechanism of the transition from normal food consumption to pathological over-eating remains obscure. Animal models are crucial to study the underlying mechanisms and are also excellent tools to facilitate the research of new pharmacological targets and to evaluate the benefit/risk ratio of potential novel treatments. We have focussed our research in the study of novel potential targets for eating disorders using new animal models developed in our laboratory. Firstly, we investigated the effects of the chronic blockade of the endocannabinoid system as anti-obesity treatment in a novel model of diet-induced obese rats and the role of the endocannabinoid system on cognitive processes and metabolism in mice using new behavioural devices. Secondly, we validated new sophisticated behavioural models of relapse and frustration in mice to investigate these key elements in the development of overeating.
L’augment de l’obesitat promou l’estudi de l’etiologia dels trastorns alimentaris. A més dels factors genètics, socials i metabòlics, l’obesitat es deu a la ingesta excessiva i hi ha una elevada recaiguda a hàbits alimentaris anormals per factors ambientals associats al menjar. El consum de menjar d’alta pal•latabilitat s’assembla al de substàncies addictives donat que implica els sistemes cerebrals de recompensa produint adaptacions comportamentals comparables. Tanmateix, el mecanisme de transició d’un consum normal de menjar a un consum patològic excessiu es coneix poc. Els models animals són molt importants per conèixer els mecanismes d’aquests processos patològics i eines excel•lents per trobar noves dianes farmacològiques, així com per avaluar el risc/benefici de possibles nous tractaments. Hem centrat el nostre treball en l’estudi de noves dianes per als trastorns alimentaris emprant nous models animals posats a punt en el nostre laboratori. Primer, hem estudiat els efectes del bloqueig crònic del sistema endocannabinoide com un tractament anti-obesitat en un nou model d’obesitat induïda en rates i la implicació del sistema endocannabinoide en els processos cognitius i metabòlics en ratolins emprant nous sistemes comportamentals. Segon, hem validat nous models de recaiguda i frustració en ratolins per estudiar aquests elements claus en el desenvolupament de l’obesitat.

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Allen, Karina. "The development and maintenance of cognitive and behavioural eating disorder symptoms". University of Western Australia. School of Psychology, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2010.0011.

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[Truncated abstract] Eating disorders affect a significant proportion of adolescent and young adult women and a smaller proportion of children, men, and older individuals. They are associated with a range of physical, psychological, and social consequences that can have a profound and lasting impact on affected individuals. Eating disorder symptoms (e.g., marked weight and shape concern, strict dieting, binge eating, purging) are also associated with physiological and psychosocial morbidity, and are reported by up to half of adolescent girls and one-third of adolescent boys. If eating disorders are to be effectively prevented or treated, it is imperative that risk and maintaining factors for the conditions are identified. ... This thesis aimed to identify the variables and models that may best account for the development and maintenance of eating disorder symptoms, through two broad studies and six sub-studies. Study 1 focused on identifying predictors of cognitive (i.e., elevated weight and shape concern) and behavioural (i.e., binge eating) eating disorder symptoms in pre- to early-adolescent children followed over time. Prospective tests of the dual-pathway (Stice, 2001) and cognitive-behavioural (Fairburn, 2002; Fairburn, Cooper, & Shafran, 2003) models of eating pathology were also conducted, and a distinction was made between weight and shape concern and weight and shape over-evaluation. Low selfesteem, perceived media pressure to be thin, weight and shape over-evaluation, and maternal concern about child weight prospectively predicted increases in child weight and shape concern over time (Studies 1b and 1c), and weight and shape concern was the most robust predictor of increases in dietary restraint (Studies 1b and 1d). Dietary restraint and affect-related eating prospectively predicted binge eating onset (Studies 1a and 1d), and the dual-pathway and cognitive-behavioural models were both able to account for the development of binge eating over a two year period (Study 1d). Evidence was also provided for the relative superiority of the most recent, enhanced cognitivebehavioural model (Fairburn et al., 2003) over other available theoretical accounts. Study 2 focused more specifically on the role of mood intolerance in predicting and maintaining eating pathology in adults. In Study 2a, a new measure of mood intolerance was developed, revised, and evaluated. In Study 2b, the role of mood intolerance in cross-sectionally predicting binge eating and purging was examined within the framework of the enhanced cognitive-behavioural model. The importance of mood intolerance in accounting for eating disorder symptoms was confirmed, and additional support for the cognitive-behavioural model was provided. Collectively, the six empirical studies have provided new data regarding the relative importance of different variables in the development and maintenance of different eating disorder symptoms. They also provide initial insight into the relative validity of alternate theoretical models in this area. The results suggest that the most recent, enhanced cognitive-behavioural model may provide the best account of how eating disorder symptoms develop and are maintained, providing that the mood intolerance component of the model is specified.

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Wiggs, Luci. "Sleep problems and daytime behaviour in children with severe learning disabilities". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320113.

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Linardon, Jake. "The cognitive-behavioural theory and treatment for eating disorders and disordered eating: A direct evaluation". Thesis, Australian Catholic University, 2017. https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/download/01759182954e012eb696b66f1c5db409074ad956e0c96f8efd8ade7ec4826add/6897367/Linardon_2017_The_cognitive_behavioural_theory_and_treatment__for.pdf.

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In a series of four studies, the aim of the current research project was to evaluate the cognitive-behavioral theory and treatment (CBT) of eating disorders. The first study (Chapter 5) was a meta-analysis (Linardon, Wade, De la Piedad Garcia, & Brennan, in press) of randomized controlled trials (RCT) testing the efficacy of CBT for eating disorders. Pooling data from 79 RCTs, results showed that therapist-led and guided self-help CBT were efficacious for individuals with bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge eating disorder (BED). There was no evidence to suggest that CBT was more efficacious than other psychological interventions in anorexia nervosa (AN). Having found evidence supporting the efficacy of CBT for certain eating disorder presentations, the second study (Chapter 6), which was a systematic review, focused on identifying the reliable factors that mediate, moderate, or predict outcome during CBT (Linardon, de la Piedad Garcia, & Brennan, 2016b). This review found that mediators and moderators of change have been largely unexplored, and that no reliable predictors of outcome emerged. Therefore, based on existing evidence, it was concluded that it remains unclear how, for whom, and under what conditions, CBT for eating disorders works. To understand the mechanisms through which CBT for eating disorders may work, a cross-sectional evaluation of the cognitive-behavioral model in a large non-clinical sample was employed for the third study (Chapter 8; under review). This study validated the conceptual pathways hypothesized by the cognitive model; it also identified two additional variables that might be important mechanisms of change during CBT, body checking and dichotomous thinking. The inclusion of body checking and dichotomous thinking within the cognitive-behavioral model explained nearly three times the amount of variance in disordered eating symptoms than the model without these variables. The third study offered the necessary statistical support for the cognitive-behavioral model and its hypotheses. The final study (Chapter 10) utilized a single case experimental design (n=8) to test the hypothesized cognitive-behavioral mechanisms of change during a CBT guided self-help program. The potential mechanisms of change examined were shape and weight concerns, dietary restraint, and adherence to regular eating strategies. Preliminary evidence showed that an adherence to regular eating in the second week of CBT was associated with a concurrent decrease in dietary restraint and binge eating. From this study, there was no evidence that other potential mechanisms were operating to reduce binge eating behavior. Based on these four independent research studies, this thesis gathered converging evidence in support for the underling cognitive-behavioral model of eating disorders. Further, these findings suggest that CBT for eating disorders is likely to contain several theory-specific mechanisms that are responsible for this treatments effectiveness. More broadly, the current thesis offers support for the contention that CBT for eating disorders “works” because of the reason outlined by its underlying model and because of its specific therapeutic mechanisms.

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Tobiassen, Linn Graham. "Eating Disorders in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder : Prevalence and Effect on Treatment Outcome". Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Psykologisk institutt, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-25188.

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The aim of the present study was to examine the prevalence of eating disorder symptoms in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Additional aims were to assess whether having comorbid eating disorders could influence the treatment outcome for OCD, and if symptoms of eating disorders were reduced after treatment for OCD. The sample consisted of 93 patients with a primary diagnosis of OCD. The patients underwent assessment with the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, and Eating Disorder Inventory both prior to and after treatment. First, the analysis showed that the sample of OCD patients had higher prevalence of eating disorders than a population of physically active students. Moreover, the women in the sample had significantly more symptoms of eating disorders than the men. Correlational analysis showed that eating disorders did not affect the treatment outcome for OCD; the patients generally had a significant improvement of OCD symptoms. On the other hand, symptoms of eating disorders were not significantly reduced after treatment. Summarized, this study concludes that there is a high prevalence of eating disorder symptoms among patients with OCD. It further shows that comorbid eating disorders does not hinder the effect of treatment for OCD. However, as the symptoms of eating disorders persist after such treatment, an implication of the present study is that these symptoms may need closer attention.

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Kam, Chi-ming. "A study on teacher's attributions and helping behaviours for students with behavioural problems". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1992. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29788948.

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Mehta, Ziyah Minoo. "A dissection of visuospatial disorders : behavioural evidence and theoretical implications". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.346451.

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Bergman, Nordgren Lise. "Individually tailored internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety disorders". Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Psykologi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-100969.

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Fear is an innate emotion and an adaptive response to provide protection from potential harm. When fear is excessive and out of proportion in relation to the confronted situation, it can lead to the development of an anxiety disorder. Many individuals feel anxious at some point, but not all experience clinical anxiety or meet the diagnostic criteria of an anxiety disorder. Still, anxiety disorders are the most prevalent form of psychiatric disorder in the general population. More often than not people suffering from one anxiety disorder also present other psychiatric conditions. As of today, cognitive and behavioural treatments have been tested and found to positively affect anxiety disorders, making them the treatment of choice. Nevertheless, many patients do not seek or receive adequate treatment. One common critique of the research trials from which the recommendations for treatments stem is the use of a single protocol targeting only one diagnosis. This is because many people suffer from comorbidities. Another problem connected to the recommendation that cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) should be the treatment of choice for anxiety disorders is the lack of therapists with adequate training. One possible way of dealing both with the shortcoming of therapists and making CBT more accessible is the use of the Internet. Internet-based CBT (ICBT) has been tested in numerous trials during the last 15 years, showing positive outcomes for a large variety of disorders. Many ICBT trials also make use of a single protocol. Another way of dealing with comorbidities might be to tailor the treatment to let characteristics and preferences of the patient guide the design of the protocol. Little is known about possible effects of tailoring the ICBT, the effects of therapeutic relationships in ICBT, and the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of these treatments. This thesis is based on three studies on two separate randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using the same set of modules accessible for the tailored protocol. Study I was an RCT investigating treatment effects up to two-year after completion, showing favourable outcomes of the treatment in a self-recruited sample at all measure points. Study II was a secondary analysis exploring possible relations between working alliance and treatment outcome for participants in the treatment group recruited for Study I indicating that working alliance predict outcome in this tailored treatment. The second RCT was an effectiveness trial (Study III) analysing treatment effects and cost-effectiveness of the treatment up to one year post treatment in a primary-care population. This study showed positive treatment effects both regarding symptom reduction and cost-effectiveness, and that effects were sustained at one year post treatment. Conclusions drawn from these studies are that individually tailored ICBT seems to be a feasible approach for patients with anxiety disorders regardless of comorbidities, and a responsible choice in terms of societal costs.
Rädsla är en medfödd känsla och en adaptiv respons för att skydda organismen från potentiell skada. När rädslan blir överdriven och oproportionerlig i relation till den konfronterade situationen, kan det leda till utvecklandet av ångestsyndrom. Många personer upplever någon gång ångest, men inte alla upplever klinisk ångest eller uppfyller de diagnostiska kriterierna för något ångestsyndrom. Trots detta är ångest det vanligaste psykiatriska tillståndet i befolkningen i stort och oftast uppfyller personer som lider av ett ångestsyndrom även andra psykiatriska tillstånd. Till dags dato har både kognitiva och beteendeinriktade behandlingar testats och visat sig verksamma vid ångestproblem, vilket gjort dem till de behandlingar som rekommenderas för dessa tillstånd. Trots god effekt av behandling söker många patienter ändå inte hjälp, alternativt erhåller inte adekvat behandling. En vanlig kritik mot den forskning från vilka behandlingsrekommendationerna för ångestsyndrom stammar är att många använt en manual eller ett protokoll som riktar sig mot bara en diagnos. Detta på grund av den stora komorbiditeten. Ett annat problem kopplat till rekommendationerna att kognitiv beteendeterapi (KBT) ska vara förstahandsval vid behandling av ångest är bristen på behandlare med adekvat utbildning. Ett möjligt sätt att göra KBT mer tillgängligt är att använda Internet. Internet- förmedlad KBT (IKBT) har prövats i ett stort antal studier de senaste 15 åren dessa har visat positiva resultat vid ett stort antal psykiatriska tillstånd. Flertalet av dessa studier har dock använt ett enda behandlingsprotokoll. En annan möjlighet att hantera komorbiditet kan vara att skräddarsy behandlingen för att låta patientens egenskaper och preferenser vara med och styra utformningen av behandlingsprotokollet. Möjliga effekter av att skräddarsy IKBT är relativt lite undersökt, likaså effekterna av terapeutiska relationer i IKBT samt klinisk effektivitet och kostnadseffektiviteten för dessa behandlingar. Denna avhandling bygger på tre studier från två randomiserade kontrollerade studier med samma uppsättning av moduler tillgängliga för att skräddarsy behandlingsprotokollen. I Studie I undersöktes behandlingseffekter upp till två år efter avslutad behandling i en självrekryterad grupp patienter. Studie II var en sekundäranalys av behandlingsgruppen från Studie I där eventuella samband mellan arbetsallians och behandlingsresultat undersöktes. Den andra randomiserade kontrollerade studien var en prövning av huruvida denna behandling var effektiv för en klinisk population (Studie III) rekryterad via primärvården. Förutom behandlingseffekter undersöktes även kostnadseffektiviteten upp till ett år efter behandlingsavslut. De slutsatser som dras utifrån dessa studier är att skräddarsydd IKBT verkar vara en framkomlig väg för patienter med ångest oavsett komorbiditet, att arbetsalliansen kan vara en faktor som påverkar utfallet, samt att det är ett ansvarsfullt val vad gäller samhälleliga kostnader.

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Libros sobre el tema "Behavioural disorders"

Michael, Farrell. The effective teacher's guide to behavioural and emotional disorders: Disruptive behaviour disorders, anxiety disorders and depressive disorders and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. 2^a ed. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge, 2011.

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Kendall, Philip C. Anxiety disorders in youth: Cognitive-behavioural interventions. Massachusetts: Allyn and Bacon, 1992.

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A, Kaptein A., ed. Behavioural medicine: Psychological treatment of somatic disorders. Chichester: Wiley, 1990.

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Cognitive behavioural therapy in mental health care. 2^a ed. Los Angeles: SAGE, 2010.

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Janet, Tod, ed. Emotional and behavioural difficulties. London: D. Fulton, 1998.

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Deonna, Thierry. Cognitive and behavioural disorders of epileptic origin in children. London: Mac Keith Press, 2005.

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Kalpakoglou, Thomas. Generalized anxiety and panic disorders: Cognitive-behavioural group therapy. Manchester: University of Manchester, 1993.

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Wilson, Peter H. Cognitive behavioural interviewing for adult disorders: A practical handbook. London: Routledge, 1989.

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Bruch, Michael. The self-schema model of complex behavioural disorders: Clinical and empirical contributions fora cognitive-behavioural psychotherapie. Regensburg: Roderer, 1987.

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I, Hamilton David y Ollendick Thomas H, eds. Children's phobias: A behavioural perspective. Chichester: Wiley, 1988.

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Behavioural disorders"

Lamb, Graeme. "Childhood Behavioural Disorders". En Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 175–79. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119993971.ch28.

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Lamb, Graeme y Ramya Srinivasan. "Childhood Behavioural Disorders". En Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 227–33. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119170235.ch26.

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Waller, Glenn y Helen Kennerley. "Cognitive-Behavioural Treatments". En Handbook of Eating Disorders, 233–51. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470013443.ch14.

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Shafran, Roz y Padmal de Silva. "Cognitive-Behavioural Models". En Handbook of Eating Disorders, 121–38. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470013443.ch7.

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Ács, Nándor, Ferenc Bánhidy y Andrew E. Czeizel. "Mental and Behavioural Disorders". En Congenital Abnormalities and Preterm Birth Related to Maternal Illnesses During Pregnancy, 149–62. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8620-4_6.

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Volicer, Ladislav. "Treatment of Behavioural Disorders". En Pathy's Principles and Practice of Geriatric Medicine, 961–75. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119952930.ch80.

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Corti, Serafino, Roberto Cavagnola, Giovanni Miselli, Francesco Fioriti, Mauro Leoni, Davide Carnevali, Laura Galli, Giovanni Michelini y Giuseppe Chiodelli. "Behavioural Interventions in Challenging Behaviours". En Psychopathology in Adolescents and Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders, 195–204. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26276-1_12.

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Schmidt, Ulrike. "Eating Disorders". En The Therapeutic Relationship in Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, 149–61. 1 Oliver’s Yard, 55 City Road London EC1Y 1SP: SAGE Publications Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781526461568.n11.

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Lavender, Anna y Helen Startup. "Personality Disorders". En The Therapeutic Relationship in Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, 174–88. 1 Oliver’s Yard, 55 City Road London EC1Y 1SP: SAGE Publications Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781526461568.n13.

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Freitag, Christine M., Philip Asherson y Johannes Hebebrand. "Behavioural Genetics of Childhood Disorders". En Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences, 395–428. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/7854_2011_178.

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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Behavioural disorders"

SAMUEL-LAJEUNESSE, BERTRAND y SNEŽANA M. DIVAC. "TREATING EATING DISORDERS WITH COGNITIVE-BEHAVIOURAL PSYCHOTHERAPY". En IX World Congress of Psychiatry. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814440912_0153.

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Lazarus, Theophilus. "Using Luria’s neuropsychological approach to functional brain organization to understanding epilepsy". En 2nd International Neuropsychological Summer School named after A. R. Luria “The World After the Pandemic: Challenges and Prospects for Neuroscience”. Ural University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/b978-5-7996-3073-7.20.

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Seizures and epilepsy comprise disorders of the brain in which there are abnormal discharges of the brain cells (neurons) resulting in various observable behavioural disorders. Whilst the basic underlying neuropa thology of these disorders is the same in all individuals, the manifestations in cognition, intellect, emotion, socialization and behaviour have variations across individuals.

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Erriu, Michela. "Empirical study on parental eating disorders and child development". En 5th icCSBs 2017 The Annual International Conference on Cognitive - Social and Behavioural Sciences. Cognitive-crcs, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2017.01.02.3.

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Dop, D. y C. E. Niculescu. "THU0566 Assessment of behavioural disorders in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis". En Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, EULAR 2018, Amsterdam, 13–16 June 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-eular.4223.

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Maramis, Christos, Christos Diou, Ioannis Ioakeimidis, Irini Lekka, Gabriela Dudnik, Monica Mars, Nikos Maglaveras, Cecilia Bergh y Anastasios Delopoulos. "Preventing Obesity and Eating Disorders through Behavioural Modifications: the SPLENDID Vision". En 4th International Conference on Wireless Mobile Communication and Healthcare - "Transforming healthcare through innovations in mobile and wireless technologies". ICST, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/icst.mobihealth.2014.257511.

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Palchik, Alexander Beinusovich. "FRONTOSTRIATAL SYSTEMS FEATURES IN COGNITIVE AND BEHAVIOURAL DISORDERS DEVELOPMENT IN INFANTS". En Международный педагогический форум "Стратегические ориентиры современного образования". Уральский государственный педагогический университет, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26170/kso-2020-126.

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Shkembi, Fleura, Erika Melonashi y Naim Fanaj. "A brief screening for personality disorders: Clinical and one nonclinical sample". En icCSBs January 2015 The Annual International Conference on Cognitive - Social, and Behavioural Sciences. Cognitive-crcs, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2015.01.13.

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Darie, Cristina, Mihai Terpan, Alexia Balta, Alexandru Paul Baciu, Carmen Gavrila, Ana Fulga y Anamaria Ciubara. "DUAL DIAGNOSIS. ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION ASSOCIATED WITH DEPRESSIVE SPECTRUM DISORDERS". En The European Conference of Psychiatry and Mental Health "Galatia". Archiv Euromedica, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35630/2022/12/psy.ro.20.

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Introduction: According to the studies, a quarter of people who drink alcohol suffer at least one depressive episode in their lifetime. It has also been found that one-third of people who suffer from depression, abusively consume psychoactive substances, such as alcohol, as a form of self-healing. Aim: In this retrospective study, we propose to statistically quantify the relationship between alcohol-related mental and behavioural illnesses and depression spectrum disorders. Method: The retrospective study was conducted on a group of hospitalized patients, between January 1st and June 30th, 2018, at "Elisabeta Doamna" Psychiatric Hospital, in Galati, Romania. For diagnosis we used the ICD-10 (The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioral Disorders. (Clinical description, diagnostic guidelines and psychometric tests, such as HAM-D (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale)), AUDIT (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test). Patients were selected among those who had a combination of mental and behavioural disorders due to alcohol and depressive spectrum disorders. Results: Between January 1st and June 30th, 2018, a quarter of total 6316 hospitalized patients, or 24.79% (1566 patients) were diagnosed with alcohol-related disorders, and 5.4% (341 cases) had a dual diagnosis, with alcohol-related disorders associated with depressive elements. During this 6-month period, of all cases of alcohol-related disorders, it was found that approximately 22% had a dual diagnosis, respectively, the combination of alcohol-related disorders with depressive spectrum disorders or depressive elements. Conclusions: Unfortunately, it is estimated that depression will become a secondary cause of disability worldwide after cardiovascular disease. According to the WHO (World Health Organization), this disease affects more than 320 million people worldwide, and its combination with alcohol abuse is alarming. Therefore, patients with dual diagnosis require a multidisciplinary therapeutic approach to reduce or even neutralize the adverse consequences that may occur in the psycho-social, medical, family, economic, or behavioural context.

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JEERAPATTANATORN, PATTARAWAT. "Behavioural Characteristics of Students with Autistic Spectrum Disorders: Cases in Kasetsart University, Thailand". En Psychology and the realities of the contemporary world. Romanian Society of Experimental Applied Psychology, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.15303/rjeap.2016.si1.a18.

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Lopez-Fierro, Sariah. "Emotional Disorders: “If you pinch him, he will squeak”. A new perspective on how machines can pass the Turing Test". En 2020 7th International Conference on Behavioural and Social Computing (BESC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/besc51023.2020.9348305.

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Informes sobre el tema "Behavioural disorders"

Si, Tianmei, Yunai Su, Qin Xin, Chong Ye, Bin Wang y Miaomiao Jia. Major depressive disorder with suicidal ideation or behaviour in Chinese population: protocol for a scoping review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, marzo de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.3.0173.

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Whelan, Sally, Gabriella Ledis, Alayna Menecola, Madie Schulte, Giavanna Semiao, Arlene Mannion y Geraldine Leader. Exploring the resilience of adults with autism spectrum disorder: A Scoping Review protocol. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, abril de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.4.0049.

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Review question / Objective: This review aims to explore resilience in the context of autistic adults. To fulfil this aim, the review has the following objectives: • To explore how adults with autism experience and perceive their resilience. • To identify how empirical research has defined and measured resilience in populations of adults with autism. • To identify how resilience in autistic adults can be understood in terms of the resilience process. • To identify factors that can support the resilience of adults with autism. Condition being studied: Autism is a lifelong neurodevelopmental condition that has core features of intense interests, affective and social interaction difficulties, and a preference for repetitive behaviours (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Resilience has been defined as an outcome, and/or a process through which people use resources to adapt positively to adversity, stress, or trauma (Windle, 2011).

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Stark, Sasha, Heather Wardle y Isabel Burdett. Examining lottery play and risk among young people in Great Britain. GREO, abril de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33684/2021.002.

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Purpose & Significance: Despite the popularity of lottery and scratchcards and some evidence of gambling problems among players, limited research focuses on the risks of lottery and scratchcard play and predictors of problems, especially among young people. The purpose of this project is to examine whether lottery and scratchcard participation is related to gambling problems among 16-24 year olds in Great Britain and whether general and mental health and gambling behaviours explain this relationship. Methodology: Samples of 16-24 year olds were pooled from the 2012, 2015, and 2016 Gambling in England and Scotland: Combined Data from the Health Survey for England and the Scottish Health Survey (n=3,454). Bivariate analyses and Firth method logistic regression were used to examine the relationship between past-year lottery and scratchcard participation and gambling problems, assessing the attenuating role of mental wellbeing, mental health disorders, self-assessed general health, and playing other games in past year. Results: There is a significant association between scratchcard play and gambling problems. The association somewhat attenuated but remained significant after taking into account wellbeing, mental health disorders, general health, and engagement in other gambling activities. Findings also show that gambling problems are further predicted by age (20-24 years), gender (male), lower wellbeing, and playing any other gambling games. Implications: Results are valuable for informing youth-focused education, decisions around the legal age for National Lottery products, and the development of safer gambling initiatives for high risk groups and behaviours, such as scratchcard play.

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Childhood behaviour patterns linked with romantic partnering in adulthood. ACAMH, marzo de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.13056/acamh.15027.

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The Bridge - November 2020. ACAMH, septiembre de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.13056/acamh.16882.

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Online CBT is ineffective for treating adolescent anxiety. ACAMH, marzo de 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.13056/acamh.11586.

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March 2021. ACAMH, septiembre de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.13056/acamh.16854.

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The Bridge March 2021 contains research digests covering a wide range of developmental, emotional, and behavioural conditions experienced by young people, including a focus on mood disorders in autism.

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November 2020 – The Bridge. ACAMH, noviembre de 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.13056/acamh.13785.

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The research featured in this issue covers a wide range of topics relevant to our work with young people, including neurodevelopmental, emotional, and behavioural disorders, their comorbidity, and their links with functioning and quality of life.

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Priorities for Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research and Services in South Africa webinar. Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/assaf.2022/0010.

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Children and adolescents under the age of 18 years comprise 34% of the population, and child and adolescent Mental, Neurological and Substance Use (MNS) disorders are common and an important cause of disability and distress. Providers at all levels should be competent to screen for and identify common childhood mental disorders, which usually present with developmental delay, emotional and/or behavioural symptoms and/or learning difficulties. Given the burden of disease, the fact that many mental disorders begin in childhood, and that early intervention is most effective in childhood and adolescence, it is essential that effective promotion, prevention, treatment, care and rehabilitation interventions should be provided for children and adolescents. In this webinar, hosted by the Academy of Science of South Africa, leading experts in child and adolescent mental health presented their priorities for child and adolescent mental health services and research in South Africa.

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Proceedings report of webinar on mental health and bullying. Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/assaf.2022/0085.

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Bullying among adolescents has been identified as a significant public health concern. It is a life-changing experience that has drastically affected more than a third of adolescents in schools globally. There are important negative consequences to victims, perpetrators, schools, families and communities at large. Several studies have shown that victims of bullying are at increased odds of adverse outcomes including physical health problems, emotional and behavioural problems, and psychiatric disorders. At the mental health level, evidence has linked being a victim of bullying to higher rates of depression, insomnia, feelings of hopelessness, loneliness, low self-esteem, suicide ideation and suicide attempts8. Due to the potential mental health effects on everyone involved, it’s important to heed the warning signs of bullying and to highlight intervention and prevention strategies. This webinar sought to understand the impact of bullying on mental health, the mental health of those who experience and witness it and to identifying intervention and prevention strategies.

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