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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Batteries lithium-ion – Détérioration"
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Tesis sobre el tema "Batteries lithium-ion – Détérioration"
Chaouachi, Oumaima. "Up-scaling methodology for lithium-ion battery modelling". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021GRALI011.
Texto completoLi-ion battery technology has a great success and is widely used in various portable technologies and for transport. However, giving the diversity of battery chemistry and the numerous aging phenomena, it remains critical for battery pack designers to resort to simulation of battery performance and aging in order to optimize the module design. Li-ion batteries are multiscale systems where modifications at microscopic length scales have a large impact on global cell characteristics. Mathematical models of these systems must therefore be able to link the global cell characteristics to the description of the physical phenomena at microscopic scales. The aim of the thesis is to develop an up-scaling methodology able to connect the microscopic multi-physic models to the simplified equivalent electrical circuit models used by battery module's designers. This up-scaling methodology will be implemented based on physical model at the electrode scale and validated with experimental measurements in the beginning of life of the battery and during its lifetime
Coron, Eddy. "Diagnostic d'état de santé des batteries au lithium utilisées dans les véhicules électriques et destinées à des applications en seconde vie". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021GRALI017.
Texto completoRecent improvements in the properties of lithium-ion batteries, including their cyclability and specific capacity, have enabled the electrification of the vehicle fleet to begin. With few years, this development generates a large stock of used batteries. Along with their recycling, their reuse in a second life is of economic interest and can participate in the integration of intermittent energies into the electrical network. In this thesis work, the influence of the first life on the viability of the second life of Li-ion batteries is studied. Distinct degradation mechanisms are deliberately generated, by imposing different aging protocols on two types of 18650 cells. At the end of this first artificial life, various non-destructive diagnostic tools (impedance spectroscopy, resistance measurements, differential voltage analysis) are subjected to electrochemical characterisations of the electrodes in order to evaluate their accuracy. Some of these cells are then subjected to a second life, a reduced rate cycling protocol in the case of this study. Regardless of the first life, we observe that the generation of lithium plating affects the batteries during their second life. However, depending on the degradation caused in the first life, the kinetics of the appearance of plating are modified. The measurement of the internal resistance of batteries appears to be a first tool, easy-to-implement, for the prognosis of their second life. Depending on the type of cell used and the second life application chosen, the charging rate and the maximum voltage limit must be in line with the internal resistance measurement of the used cells. The importance of the state of health of cells, that is to say their residual capacity, also appears important and tools for rapid estimation of this are proposed, from capacity measurements on fractions of the cell voltage curve. Finally, after the issue of second life longevity, that of the safety of these batteries is assessed, revealing the deleterious impact of lithium plating and pointing out the need for effective thermal management
Mohajer, Sara. "Stratégies de charge rapide de batteries lithium-ion prenant en compte un modèle de vieillissement". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0027.
Texto completoA physics-based battery model is developed for an accurate state-detection of batteries in the automotive industry. In order to use the model for the purpose of fast charging control an aging observer is designed and integrated to the battery model. In a subsequent step a robust fast charging control is introduced to design a controller able to deal with large parametric uncertainties of the battery model while achieving the fast charging target. Finally some simplifications in the battery model structure, in the optimization technique and in the definition of fast charging profiles are proposed and evaluated to make the whole model applicable for an onboard battery management system
Ugalde, Juan Miguel. "Modélisation semi-empirique du comportement électro-thermique des batteries lithium-ion et de leur vieillissement". Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASF013.
Texto completoThe automotive industry has been undergoing rapid changes for several years. Indeed, the global warming and its collective awareness give rhythm to these evolutions via increasingly restrictive regulations. To meet these new requirements, manufacturers are investing in low carbon emission technologies and in particular the electrification of powertrains. This necessarily involves improving energy storage systems, particularly lithium batteries, at all levels (autonomy, durability, safety and cost).To achieve these improvements, it is necessary to master the upstream design and the downstream optimal management of the batteries with the help of robust modeling. The latter is complex because the behavior of batteries is highly non-linear, it includes coupled multiphysics concepts such as electrochemistry, thermal and aging. It is therefore essential to take into account these phenomena and their interactions in order to better predict the loss of energy and accessible power throughout the service life of the vehicle. This knowledge then enables manufacturers to adequately size battery systems, thus improving benefits by reducing warranty risks. As part of this work, a semi-empirical approach is proposed to predict the ageing of high-energy lithium-ion batteries. The development of ageing laws was carried out following a campaign of accelerated ageing tests. It has been shown during this campaign that temperature is a key factor in ageing. Therefore, an electro-thermal model was designed to estimate the internal temperature of the batteries in order to be as representative as possible during usage. These two models were then coupled in a simulation environment to model and validate the loss of capacity under different operating conditions representative of the automotive use. The second part of the thesis concerns the study of internal temperature and battery ageing using characterization and diagnostic methods based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and measurement of entropy variation. Indeed, entropy profiles are measured during ageing to better quantify heat generation in order to improve thermal modeling. The latter has been estimated in a non-intrusive way using a transfer function developed from impedance spectra
Ben, Hassine Mohamed. "Contribution de la microscopie électronique à la compréhension des mécanismes de vieillissement des matériaux de batteries lithium-ion associées aux énergies renouvelables". Thesis, Amiens, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AMIE0006.
Texto completoThe work presented in this thesis is part of the ANR project VISION (fine Study of the Aging mechanisms Battery Li-ION associated with renewable energy). An arsenal of electron microscopy techniques allowing to do observations from the micrometer scale (SEM) to the atomic scale (HRTEM, HR-HAADF) coupled with spectroscopic techniques (X microanalysis and electron energy loss) has been implemented to identify the aging processes occurring in long cycled Li-ion batteries. The so-studied Li-ion batteries are using Li[Ni1-x-yMnxCoy]O2 (NMC) and graphitic carbon as positive and negative electrode materials, respectively. These studies allowed us, not only, to visualize and obtain a better understanding in the degradation modes in SAFT stationary batteries but also to perform innovative microscopy techniques (such HR-HAADF or FIB tomography) in order to reveal the texture and the structure of the active materials. In the same way, a fundamental study on model materials (Li2Ru1-ySnyO3…), having structural and electrochemical properties similar materials used in commercial batteries, has been achieved. Through this study, superstructures were observed, by TEM, during the cycling and the role of oxygen in redox processes, which are behind the high capacity delivered by the lithium-rich composites (such as: Li2MnO3-LiMO2, M = Ni, Co…), has been discussed
Meunier, Valentin. "Unraveling Degradation Patterns in Li-ion Batteries through Electrochemical Analysis Procedures". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS354.
Texto completoFor the past twenty years, the chemistry of positive electrodes in Li-ion batteries has predominantly focused on a group of layered oxides composed of nickel, manganese, and cobalt, commonly referred to as NMC phases. The primary goal of research has been to enhance the energy density of these materials by increasing their nickel content and operating voltage. However, once the nickel content surpasses 80% and the voltage reaches 4.2 V, the NMC phases become susceptible to a range of physicochemical degradations involving both the material itself and its interaction with the electrolyte. Structural degradation, electrolyte oxidation, and the dissolution of transition metals exemplify the various mechanisms at play. Furthermore, these deteriorations can trigger additional ones, ultimately affecting the entire battery cell and causing a sudden decline in battery capacity referred to as “rollover”. The unpredictable and abrupt nature of rollover poses challenges for conventional performance indicators like discharge capacity (QD) or coulombic efficiency in explaining them. The objective of this thesis is to develop analysis protocols that combine electrochemical techniques to comprehensively elucidate the chemistry underlying these deteriorations. This includes understanding the nature of the deterioration, its localization within the battery, and most importantly, quantifying its impact. These techniques primarily rely on observing the capacity slippages, as well as analyzing the derivatives dV/dQ and dQ/dV. To implement these techniques, the initial step involved ensuring the accuracy of the electrochemical measurements by standardizing the assembly and testing methods. Once reliable and high-quality data were obtained, the protocols facilitated the examination of the effects of nickel dissolution on the graphite electrode, revealing unforeseen deteriorations that occurred when using a highly concentrated electrolyte, despite its recognized high stability. Consequently, adjustments to the electrolyte compositions could be made to mitigate deteriorations and extend the battery's lifespan. In summary, these protocols significantly contribute to our understanding of deteriorations and enable the optimization of operating conditions for Li-ion batteries. This advancement allows for stabilizing interfaces and materials, as well as fostering the development of novel chemical approaches in battery technology
Tranchot, Alix. "Etude par émission acoustique et dilatométrie d'électrodes à base de silicium pour batteries Li-ion". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEI101/document.
Texto completoTo increase the energy density of Li-ion batteries, especially for the electric vehicle market, the development of new electrode materials is required. Silicon is a particularly interesting material, thanks to its high specific capacity (3579mAh/g, ten times higher than the capacity of graphite). Nevertheless, upon lithiation, silicon undergoes an important expansion (300% vs 10% for graphite). This leads to the cracking of the Si particles and fracturing of the electrode film. These induces electrical disconnections upon cycling, resulting in a poor cycle life. To improve the cyclability of the Si based electrodes, it is important to better understand/quantify their mechanical degradation. Conventional post mortem analyses are insufficient for that purpose. The objective of this work is to develop and use in operando analyses techniques. Therefore, we established protocols to characterize composite electrodes by electrochemical measurements coupled with either acoustic emission (AE) or dilatometry measurements. The evolution of the acoustic activity upon cycling showed that the cracking of the micrometric Si particles and of the composite film mainly occurs during the first cycle and is initiated in the early stage of the lithiation. Very few AE signals are detected in the following cycles. The signal analysis leads to the identification of three types of signals depending to their peak frequency. High frequency signals were associated with surface micro-cracking of the Si particles at the beginning of lithiation. Medium and low frequency signals were respectively attributed to the fracturing of the electrode film and bulk macro-cracking of the Si particles at the end of lithiation. An electrode thickness expansion of 170% was measured by electrochemical dilatometry for our electrodes prepared at pH3 versus 300% for electrodes prepared at pH7. The different mechanical behavior is explained by the formation of covalent bonds between the CMC binder and Si particles at pH3, which increases the mechanical stability of electrodes. This was confirmed by the measurement of their hardness and Young’s modulus. Therefore, pH3 electrodes display a higher capacity retention. It was also demonstrated that a decrease of the Si particle size does not necessarily lead to an improvement of the electrode cycle life. Indeed, we observed a significant decrease of the electrode cycle life when the Si particle size is decreased from 230 to 85 nm. This can be explained by a lack of CMC binder in relation with the higher surface area of the smaller Si particles, leading to a lower mechanical resistance of the electrode film. Within the first cycles, Si 85 nm based electrodes suffer from important cracking and exfoliation. This was confirmed by in operando dilatometry and acoustic measurements, and post mortem SEM observations
Baghdadi, Issam. "Prise en compte des modes de vieillissement dans la modélisation des performances de batteries lithium-ion pour l’évaluation de leur durée de vie en usage automobile". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0633/document.
Texto completoLithium batteries are key solutions as power storage systems for several applications including portable devices, aviation, space, and electrified vehicles. Their success is principally due to their high power and energy density. Therefore, several researchers are attempting to develop more powerful, cheaper, longer-lived and more secure batteries. One drawback of lithium batteries is their durability: lithium batteries’ energy and power capability decrease over time. The degradation rate is sensitive to operating conditions. A crucial step towards the large-scale introduction of electrified vehicles in the market is to reduce the cost of their energy storage devices.The aim of this study is to develop a simulation tool at the pack level able to reproduce its electro-thermal-aging behavior overtime. Thanks to an accelerated aging tests and experimental approach the models are calibrated and coupled with a usage scenario simulator at the vehicle level. The behavior of the pack is thus studied under different conditions and simulations were compared and discussed. Strategies of usage and charging were then proposed and validated by simulation
Boniface, Maxime. "Suivi à l'échelle nanométrique de l'évolution d'une électrode de silicium dans un accumulateur Li-ion par STEM-EELS". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAY051/document.
Texto completoOver the last 25 years, the performance increase of lithium-ion batteries has been largely driven by the optimization of inactive components. With today’s environmental concerns, the pressure for more cost-effective and energy-dense batteries is enormous and new active materials should be developed to meet those challenges. Silicon’s great theoretical capacity makes it a promising candidate to replace graphite in negative electrodes in the mid-term. So far, Si-based electrodes have however suffered from the colossal volume changes silicon undergoes through its alloying reaction with Li. Si particles will be disconnected from the electrode’s percolating network and the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) continuously grows, causing poor capacity retention. A thorough understanding of both these phenomena, down to the scale of a single silicon nanoparticle (SiNP), is critical to the rational engineering of efficient Si-based electrodes. To this effect, we have developed STEM-EELS into a powerful and versatile toolbox for the study of sensitive materials and heterogeneous systems. Using the low-loss part of the EEL spectrum allows us to overcome the classical limitations of the technique.This is put to use to elucidate the first lithiation mechanism of crystalline SiNPs, revealing Li1.5Si @ Si core-shells which greatly differs from that of microparticles, and propose a comprehensive model to explain this size effect. The implications of that model regarding the stress that develops in the crystalline core of SiNPs are then challenged via stress measurements at the particle scale (nanobeam precession electron diffraction) for the first time, and reveal enormous compressions in excess of 4±2 GPa. Regarding the SEI, the phase-mapping capabilities of STEM-EELS are leveraged to outline the morphology of inorganic and organic components. We show that the latter contracts during electrode discharge in what is referred to as SEI breathing. As electrodes age, disconnection causes a diminishing number of SiNPs to bear the full capacity of the electrode. Overlithiated particles will in turn suffer from larger volumes changes and cause further disconnection in a self-reinforcing detrimental effect. Under extreme conditions, we show that SiNPs even spontaneously turn into a network of thin silicon filaments. Thus an increased active surface will compound the reduction of the electrolyte and the accumulation of the SEI. This can be quantified by summing and averaging STEM-EELS data on 1104 particles. In half-cells, the SEI volume is shown to increase 4-fold after 100 cycles without significant changes in its composition, whereas in full cells the limited lithiation performance understandably leads to a mere 2-fold growth. In addition, as the operating potential of the silicon electrodes increases in full cells – potential slippage – organic products in the SEI switch from being carbonate-rich to oligomer-rich. Finally, we regroup these findings into an extensive aging model of our own, based on both local STEM-EELS analyses and the macro-scale gradients we derived from them as a whole
Eddahech, Akram. "Modélisation du vieillissement et détermination de l’état de santé de batteries lithium-ion pour application véhicule électrique et hybride". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR14992/document.
Texto completoIn this thesis, we focus on the reliability of lithium batteries used for automotive applications. For this purpose, electric and thermal characterization methodologies as well as aging tests under several modes (calendar, power cycling, calendar/power cycling) are carried out.In a first part of the work, battery modeling and battery state estimation (state-of-charge and state-of-health) are considered.Then, based on periodic characterization from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, calendar aging is investigated. Next, we proposed an original process for precise battery state-of-health determination that exploits a full recharge and mainly constant-voltage charge step which allows easily its integration within a battery management system. Our experimental results, up to two years real-life data, confirm effectiveness of our technique.Finally, we study the capacity recovery phenomenon occurring due to combined battery aging (calendar/power cycling). This final part is almost dedicated to introduce strategies for battery use presenting at the same time a thermal behavior study