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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Barley leaf scald disease"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 25 de enero de 2023

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1

Teferi, Teklay A., and Muruts L. Wubshet. "Prevalence and Intensity of Barley Diseases in South Tigray, Ethiopia." International Journal of Phytopathology 6, no. 3 (December 30, 2017): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.33687/phytopath.006.03.2386.

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Barley is attacked by many diseases and hence, the study was conducted to quantify and profile barley affecting diseases for management options. The survey was based on the assessment of barley fields at 5 km interval. Results indicated that powdery mildew, leaf rust, stem rust, leaf scald, and smuts were among the important diseases in south Tigray. The prevalence of the former diseases was 60, 60, 40, 47.8, and 40%, respectively. The incidence of powdery mildew, scaled, leaf rust and stem rust was 100% in considerable fields and cultivars. The incidence of smuts was ranged from 5% to 30%. Si

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2

Vahamidis, Petros, Angeliki Stefopoulou, Christina S. Lagogianni, Garyfalia Economou, Nicholas Dercas, Vassilis Kotoulas, Dionissios Kalivas, and Dimitrios I. Tsitsigiannis. "Pyrenophora teres and Rhynchosporium secalis Establishment in a Mediterranean Malt Barley Field: Assessing Spatial, Temporal and Management Effects." Agriculture 10, no. 11 (November 18, 2020): 553. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10110553.

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Malt barley is one of the promising crops in Greece, mainly due to high yields and contract farming, which have led to an increase in malt barley acreage. Net form net blotch (NFNB), caused by Pyrenophora teres f. teres, and barley leaf scald, caused by Rhynchosporium secalis, are among the most important barley diseases worldwide and particularly in Greece. Their occurrence in malt barley can exert a significant negative effect on malt barley grain yield and quality. An experimental trial across two growing seasons was implemented in Greece in order (i) to estimate the epidemiology of NFNB an

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3

Karjalainen, Reijo. "Yield reduction of spring barley in relation to disease development caused by Rhynchosporium secalis." Agricultural and Food Science 62, no. 3 (July 1, 1990): 245–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.23986/afsci.72931.

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Effects of barley scald caused by Rhynchosporium secalis on grain yield were studied in three spring barley cultivars under field conditions using artificial inoculation over three years. The disease strongly reduced the green-leaf area duration compared with fungicide-treated leaves. At low infection level, R. secalis reduced the grain yield of barley by 3—5 %. Moderate and severe infection reduced the grain yields of susceptible cultivars by 10—12 %. Single-tiller analysis of yield components indicated that grain weight and ear weight were most affected, but the number of grains was only ins

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4

Cheong, Judy, Kevin Williams, and Hugh Wallwork. "The identification of QTLs for adult plant resistance to leaf scald in barley." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 57, no. 9 (2006): 961. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar05389.

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Barley leaf scald disease, caused by the fungal pathogen Rhynchosporium secalis, can be economically damaging, causing both yield losses and lower quality from reduced grain size. Most genetic studies of scald resistance have concentrated on seedling reactions either because of a lack of access to field screening resources or else because of the more definitive phenotype obtained at the seedling stage. However, understanding the genetics of adult plant resistance (APR) to leaf scald could help to produce more durable resistance to this disease. APR to leaf scald in a Chebec/Harrington populati

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5

Daba, Sintayehu D., Richard Horsley, Robert Brueggeman, Shiaoman Chao, and Mohsen Mohammadi. "Genome-wide Association Studies and Candidate Gene Identification for Leaf Scald and Net Blotch in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)." Plant Disease 103, no. 5 (May 2019): 880–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-07-18-1190-re.

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We report genomic regions that significantly control resistance to scald, net form (NFNB) and spot form net blotch (SFNB) in barley. Barley genotypes from Ethiopia, ICARDA, and the United States were evaluated in Ethiopia and North Dakota State University (NDSU). Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were conducted using 23,549 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers for disease resistance in five environments in Ethiopia. For NFNB and SFNB, we assessed seedling resistance in a glasshouse at NDSU. A large proportion of the Ethiopian landraces and breeding genotypes were resistant to scal

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6

Legge, W. G., D. R. Metcalfe, A. W. Chiko, J. W. Martens, and A. Tekauz. "Reaction of Turkish barley accessions to Canadian barley pathogens." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 76, no. 4 (October 1, 1996): 927–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps96-155.

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Recent changes in the virulence patterns of Canadian barley pathogens have necessitated the search for new sources of genetic resistance in barley. Evaluation of 176 Turkish barley accessions for disease reaction to barley pathogens prevalent in Canada indicated that this germplasm is a good source of resistance to Septoria passerinii, Rhynchosporium secalis and the spot-form of Pyrenophora teres, but not to Cochliobolus sativus (spot blotch phase), Puccinia graminis tritici, Ustilago nuda or barley stripe mosaic virus. A small number of accessions with resistance to the net-form of P. teres w

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7

Jalli, Marja, Janne Kaseva, Björn Andersson, Andrea Ficke, Lise Nistrup-Jørgensen, Antanas Ronis, Timo Kaukoranta, Jens-Erik Ørum, and Annika Djurle. "Yield increases due to fungicide control of leaf blotch diseases in wheat and barley as a basis for IPM decision-making in the Nordic-Baltic region." European Journal of Plant Pathology 158, no. 2 (July 28, 2020): 315–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10658-020-02075-w.

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Abstract Fungal plant diseases driven by weather factors are common in European wheat and barley crops. Among these, septoria tritici blotch (Zymoseptoria tritici), tan spot (Pyrenophora tritici-repentis), and stagonospora nodorum blotch (Parastagonospora nodorum) are common in the Nordic-Baltic region at variable incidence and severity both in spring and winter wheat fields. In spring barley, net blotch (Pyrenophora teres), scald (Rhynchosporium graminicola, syn. Rhynchosporium commune) and ramularia leaf spot (Ramularia collo-cygni) are common yield limiting foliar diseases. We analysed data

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8

Çelik Oğuz, Arzu, and Aziz Karakaya. "Genetic Diversity of Barley Foliar Fungal Pathogens." Agronomy 11, no. 3 (February 27, 2021): 434. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11030434.

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Powdery mildew, net blotch, scald, spot blotch, barley stripe, and leaf rust are important foliar fungal pathogens of barley. Fungal leaf pathogens negatively affect the yield and quality in barley plant. Virulence changes, which can occur in various ways, may render resistant plants to susceptible ones. Factors such as mutation, population size and random genetic drift, gene and genotype flow, reproduction and mating systems, selection imposed by major gene resistance, and quantitative resistance can affect the genetic diversity of the pathogenic fungi. The use of fungicide or disease-resista

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9

Abbott, DC, JJ Burdon, AM Jarosz, AHD Brown, WJ Muller, and BJ Read. "The relationship between seedling infection types and field reactions to leaf scald in Clipper barley backcross lines." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 42, no. 5 (1991): 801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9910801.

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Eighty-four third backcross (BC) lines of barley with different chromosomal segments of Hordeum spontaneum in a H. vulgare (cv. Clipper) background, were tested for resistance to a mixture of isolates of Rhynchosporium secalis using a seedling assay. Twelve of the lines were classed as resistant, including two which segregated for resistance. Plants tested using the seedling assay were subsequently planted in the field in Canberra and levels of disease monitored through to plant maturity. Seedling assay scores and field disease levels were closely correlated (r = 0.72, P < 0.001). Furthermo

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10

Cromey, M. G., R. C. Butler, C. A. Munro, and S. E. Ebdon. "Effects of disease resistance and fungicide treatments on scald and yield in four barley cultivars." New Zealand Plant Protection 53 (August 1, 2000): 93–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2000.53.3619.

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New Zealand barley cultivars differ in resistance to leaf scald caused by Rhynchosporium secalis Four cultivars (one highly resistant two moderately resistant and one susceptible) were selected for evaluation in a field trial under differing fungicide regimes Fungicide applications were used to encourage no epidemic (early late fungicide applications) an early epidemic (late applications only) a late epidemic (early applications only) or a full epidemic (no applications) Disease severity was assessed six times The resistant cultivar Dash was virtually free of scald at all assessment dates Dise

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11

Khan, TN, and KJ Young. "Effects of fungicide seed dressings and fungicide-treated fertiliser on the severity of leaf diseases and yield of barley in Western Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 29, no. 4 (1989): 565. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9890565.

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Standard and increased rates of seed dressings with triadimenol, flutriafol and experimental formulations of flutriafol, and triadimefon and flutriafol coated on double superphosphate and drilled at sowing were assessed for control of leaf diseases of barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Stirling). Scald, (Rhynchosporium secalis (Oud.) Davis), powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis f. sp. hordei March.) and Drechslera verticillata (O'Gara) Shoem. appeared in various experiments. Fungicide-coated fertilisers provided the most disease control for the longest duration, triadimefon coated fertiliser increasi

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12

Khan, TN. "Effects of stubble-borne fungal inoculum on incidence of leaf diseases and yields of barley in Western Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 28, no. 4 (1988): 529. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9880529.

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Effect of stubble residues on leaf diseases and yield of barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Dampier) were studied by adding small quantities of infested stubble to test plots grown on land where a non-barley crop or pasture had been grown in the previous year. Experiments conducted at 5 locations in 198 1 and 1982 showed that stubble residues increased leaf disease. The severity of leaf disease varied with location and year. High levels of scald (Rhynchosporium secalis) were recorded at all locations, but substantial levels of net blotch (Drechslera teres) occurred only at northern locations. Halo

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13

Read, B. J., H. Raman, G. McMichael, K. J. Chalmers, G. A. Ablett, G. J. Platz, R. Raman, et al. "Mapping and QTL analysis of the barley population Sloop × Halcyon." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 54, no. 12 (2003): 1145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar03037.

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A genetic linkage map of Hordeum vulgare L. 1280 cM in length, composed of 257 AFLP, RFLP, SNP, and microsatellite markers, has been constructed. The map was based on a doubled haploid population made from the cross Sloop (spring type) × Halcyon (winter type). The genetic map was used to identify qualitative major genes and quantitative trait loci (QTLs) affecting traits related to growth and flowering, grain colour, and disease resistance. Nine QTLs associated with grain colour (brightness, redness, yellowness, blue aleurone colour), plant height, 'intrinsic lateness', awn emergence, response

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14

Jefferies, S. P., A. R. Barr, C. Hunt, and R. D. Wheeler. "Agronomic and breeding value of genes for resistance to leaf scald (Rhynchosporium secalis) in barley (Hordeum vulgare)." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 51, no. 8 (2000): 955. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar00038.

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Scald (Rhynchosporium secalis) is one of the most damaging leaf and stem diseases of barley grown in southern Australia. The development of resistant cultivars is the most effective means of controlling scald. However, the highly variable nature of the scald pathogen has often resulted in resistance conferred by single major genes being rendered ineffective. Breeding and selection for non-race specific, durable resistance, or the adoption of major gene deployment strategies such as gene pyramiding, could largely overcome this problem. Four cultivars of barley (Guardian, Halcyon, Sultan, Wavene

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15

Kavak, Hamit. "Effects of different sowing times on leaf scald and yield components of spring barley under dryland conditions." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 55, no. 2 (2004): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar02058.

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The effect of sowing date on severity of scald and yield components of barley was studied over 2 years, using 15-day intervals between sowing dates under dryland conditions in Turkey. Disease severity was greatest at the first sowing time, and it decreased linearly at subsequent sowing times in both years. Disease did not develop on flag and second leaves for the third sowing date, and was not observed on any leaf after the fourth and fifth dates of sowing in 2000 and 2001, respectively. After the third sowing date, a decrease in total grain yield and yield components, number of ears per plant

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16

Loughman, R., and TN Khan. "Effect of fungicide seed dressings on leaf stripe of barley caused by Pyrenophora graminea S. Ito Kuribay." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 33, no. 4 (1993): 465. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9930465.

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Eight fungicide seed dressings were evaluated in the southern cereal belt of Western Australia for control of barley leaf stripe caused by Pyrenophora graminea. Flutriafol (100 �g/g seed) and triadimenol plus imazalil (225 + 75 �g/g seed) were most effective. Control of leaf stripe with other fungicides depended on location. Imazalil appeared to be the ingredient most active against leaf stripe. Flutriafol and triadimenol plus imazalil offer effective control of leaf stripe and other endemic diseases (loose smut, powdery mildew, and scald) in the southern cereal belt.

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17

Ríos, Melina Ocampo, Paula Fernández, and Marcelo Carmona. "Detection of Rhynchosporium secalis in barley seeds from Argentina through polymerase chain reaction technique." Fitopatologia Brasileira 32, no. 5 (October 2007): 415–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-41582007000500007.

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Leaf scald of barley caused by Rhynchosporium secalis is an important disease in Argentina. The fungus is a necrotrophic pathogen which survives in stubble, seeds and weeds. Isolation of R. secalis from seeds on artificial media usually has not been successful due to the slow growth rate of the pathogen and strong inhibition by contaminants. The objective in this work was to detect R. secalis in different genotypes of barley seeds in Argentina using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based diagnostic assay. Four barley genotypes were tested in 2004: Quilmes Ayelén, Quilmes Alfa, Barke and Mal

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18

Germán S, E. "Breeding Malting Barley under Stress Conditions in South America." Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 40, No. 4 (November 23, 2011): 140–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3713-cjgpb.

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The annual average area sown with barley (Hordeum vulgare) in South America during 1999&ndash;2003 was 795 000 ha. In Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Uruguay, two-rowed spring cultivars are used mostly for malt production. Research has been developed in private malting companies and official institutions supported by the industry. In Argentina, tolerance to drought and heat stress during grain filling are important in drier areas. Yield and malt extract had been improved in cultivars released from 1940 to 1998. In Brazil, progress in grain yield, grain size, malting quality, early maturity, a

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19

Willsmore, Kerrie L., Paul Eckermann, Rajeev K. Varshney, Andreas Graner, Peter Langridge, Margaret Pallotta, Judy Cheong, and Kevin J. Williams. "New eSSR and gSSR markers added to Australian barley maps." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 57, no. 9 (2006): 953. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar05384.

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To enhance genetic maps of barley previously developed in Australia for identifying markers useable in molecular breeding, a new set of simple sequence repeat (SSR) and indel markers was added to the maps. These markers were developed through (i) database mining of barley expressed sequence tag (EST) sequences, (ii) comparative barley-rice genome analysis, and (iii) screening of a genomic library with SSR probes. The primer set selected for this study comprised 216 EST-SSR (eSSR) and 25 genomic SSR (gSSR) markers, which were screened for polymorphism on 4 doubled haploid (DH) or recombinant in

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20

Gamba, F., and A. Tekauz. "First Report of a Leaf Spot of Barley Caused by Drechslera gigantea in Uruguay." Plant Disease 87, no. 1 (January 2003): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2003.87.1.99b.

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Barley (Hordeum vulgare), an important crop in Uruguay, is vulnerable to several foliar diseases. In early November 2001, leaves displaying unusual lesions were observed in a commercial barley crop and research plots in the Paysandu District of western Uruguay. Lesions were small, elliptical, tan-colored to necrotic, approximately 4 × 1 mm, and had a narrow, dark brown margin. Older lesions occasionally were surrounded by a narrow (0.5 mm wide) chlorotic halo and some lesions had a white dot in the center. Sections of affected leaf tissue were placed in a moist chamber at 20°C with a 12 h ligh

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21

Cope, Jonathan E., Gareth J. Norton, Timothy S. George, and Adrian C. Newton. "Identifying potential novel resistance to the foliar disease ‘Scald’ (Rhynchosporium commune) in a population of Scottish Bere barley landrace (Hordeum vulgare L.)." Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection 128, no. 4 (May 27, 2021): 999–1012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41348-021-00470-x.

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AbstractBarley ‘Scald’ is an economically damaging fungal disease that is a global problem, causing significant yield and economical losses in the UK barley feed and malting industries. Presently, a limited number of Rhynchosporium resistance genes exist, but selective pressures on the fungi cause the demand for new sources of resistance. Landraces, such as the Scottish Bere barley, hold potential sources of resistance that can be utilised, with farmers providing anecdotal evidence of resistance in field populations of Bere. This study analysed 131 heritage cultivars and landrace lines, includ

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22

Rouse, M. N., C. A. Griffey, and W. S. Brooks. "First Detection of Puccinia hordei Virulence to Barley Leaf Rust Resistance Gene Rph3 and Combination with Virulence to Rph7 in North America." Plant Disease 97, no. 6 (June 2013): 838. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-08-12-0785-pdn.

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Barley leaf rust, caused by Puccinia hordei Otth., has been problematic in United States barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) production in the Mid-Atlantic coast region and California. During the early 1990s, P. hordei pathotypes with virulence to resistance gene Rph7 caused average yield losses from 6 to 16% (3). ‘Doyce’ barley was released in 2003 and was described as being resistant to leaf rust (2). Initially in April 2010 and subsequently in spring 2011 and 2012, high severities and infection responses were observed on experimental plots of ‘Doyce’ in Warsaw and Blacksburg, Virginia. Three single

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Fetch, T. G., B. J. Steffenson, and E. Nevo. "Diversity and Sources of Multiple Disease Resistance in Hordeum spontaneum." Plant Disease 87, no. 12 (December 2003): 1439–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2003.87.12.1439.

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Hordeum spontaneum, the progenitor of cultivated barley, is known to be a rich source of disease resistance genes. The objective of this study was to assess the diversity of H. spontaneum accessions from Israel and Jordan for their reaction to six fungal pathogens of importance to cultivated barley in the United States and Canada. Overall, a high level of macro-scale (across collection sites) and micro-scale (within a collection site) diversity for disease reaction was found in the 116 accessions of H. spontaneum evaluated at the seedling stage. Additionally, genetic heterozygosity for resista

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Laidig, F., T. Feike, B. Klocke, J. Macholdt, T. Miedaner, D. Rentel, and H. P. Piepho. "Long-term breeding progress of yield, yield-related, and disease resistance traits in five cereal crops of German variety trials." Theoretical and Applied Genetics 134, no. 12 (October 15, 2021): 3805–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00122-021-03929-5.

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Abstract Key message Considerable breeding progress in cereal and disease resistances, but not in stem stability was found. Ageing effects decreased yield and increased disease susceptibility indicating that new varieties are constantly needed. Abstract Plant breeding and improved crop management generated considerable progress in cereal performance over the last decades. Climate change, as well as the political and social demand for more environmentally friendly production, require ongoing breeding progress. This study quantified long-term trends for breeding progress and ageing effects of yi

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Zhou, Hao, and Brian J. Steffenson. "Association Mapping of Septoria Speckled Leaf Blotch Resistance in U.S. Barley Breeding Germplasm." Phytopathology® 103, no. 6 (June 2013): 600–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-10-12-0271-r.

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Septoria speckled leaf blotch (SSLB) is a sporadic but important disease of barley (Hordeum vulgare) in the Upper Midwest region of the United States and Prairie Provinces of Canada that is caused primarily by Septoria passerinii. Most of the widely grown cultivars in the region are susceptible to the disease. To identify and map SSLB resistance loci in U.S. barley breeding germplasm, we employed an association mapping approach using 3,840 breeding lines and cultivars and nearly 3,000 single-nucleotide polymorphism markers previously mapped to the seven barley chromosomes. SSLB infection respo

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Xi, K., X. M. Chen, F. Capettini, E. Falconi, R. C. Yang, J. H. Helm, M. D. Holtz, et al. "Multivariate analysis of stripe rust assessment and reactions of barley in multi-location nurseries." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 93, no. 2 (March 2013): 209–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps2012-051.

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Xi, K., Chen, X. M., Capettini, F., Falconi, E., Yang, R. C., Helm, J. H., Holtz, M. D., Juskiw, P., Kumar, K., Nyachiro, J. and Turkington, T. K. 2013. Multivariate analysis of stripe rust assessment and reactions of barley in multi-location nurseries. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 209–219. A total of 1357 entries, mainly consisting of hulled two-row, hulled six-row and hulless barley, were evaluated in stripe rust nurseries at Toluca, Mexico during 2007, Quito, Ecuador during 2007 and 2008, and Pullman and Mt. Vernon, USA [Pacific Northwest (PNW)] during 2007–2009. Disease screening data for barley

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Mykhailenko, S., and T. Shevchenko. "Effect of modern fungicides on severity of diseases of spring barley." Interdepartmental Thematic Scientific Collection of Plant Protection and Quarantine, no. 65 (December 20, 2019): 124–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.36495/1606-9773.2019.65.124-132.

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Goal. To carry out monitoring of spring barley diseases and determine the technical efficiency of modern fungicides during the vegetation period. Methods. The observations of disease severity were performed according to conventional methods. The technical efficiency of fungicides was studied in the Kyiv region, Belotserkovsky district, EB Alexandria in 2017—2018 under the conditions of natural infection on the cv. Commander. The size of the plots — 10 m2 in 4 replicates, the placement of plots — randomized. Agrotechnics are common for the growing area. Before the first application, an ob

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Vega, Jorge, Sandra M. M. Scagliusi, and Eugênio C. Ulian. "Sugarcane Yellow Leaf Disease in Brazil: Evidence of Association with a Luteovirus." Plant Disease 81, no. 1 (January 1997): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1997.81.1.21.

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Evidence of the viral etiology of sugarcane yellow leaf disease (SCYLD), occurring in southeast Brazil, was obtained by light and electron microscopy combined with serology. Light microscopy using epifluorescence illumination showed an abnormal yellow-green fluorescing material in the phloem of SCYLD-affected plants that was rarely observed in control plants. Immunolocalization in tissue-printed (or -blotted) nitrocellulose membranes, using barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) serotype PAV antiserum, showed a weak but clearly positive reaction in the phloem. Isometric viruslike particles of 24 to

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Wolfe, R. I., D. G. Faris, J. G. N. Davidson, and P. J. Clarke. "AC Stacey barley." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 75, no. 2 (April 1, 1995): 461–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps95-078.

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AC Stacey is an early maturing, six-row feed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) with excellent barley leaf scald resistance. It was developed at the Northern Agriculture Research Centre, Beaverlodge, Alberta from the cross Otal/Melvin. It is moderately strong strawed, and adapted to barley leaf scald prone areas in Alberta, and the Peace River region of British Columbia. Key words:Hordeum vulgare, barley, early maturity, cultivar description, Rhynchosporium secalis, scald

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Dracatos, Peter M., Michael Ayliffe, Mehar S. Khatkar, Tom Fetch, Davinder Singh, and Robert F. Park. "Inheritance of Prehaustorial Resistance to Puccinia graminis f. sp. avenae in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 27, no. 11 (November 2014): 1253–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-05-14-0140-r.

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Rust pathogens within the genus Puccinia cause some of the most economically significant diseases of crops. Different formae speciales of P. graminis have co-evolved to mainly infect specific grass hosts; however, some genotypes of other closely related cereals can also be infected. This study investigated the inheritance of resistance to three diverse pathotypes of the oat stem rust pathogen (P. graminis f. sp. avenae) in the ‘Yerong’ ✕ ‘Franklin’ (Y/F) barley doubled haploid (DH) population, a host with which it is not normally associated. Both parents, ‘Yerong’ and ‘Franklin’, were immune t

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Falk, D. E., G. Meatherall, and B. G. Rossnagel. "Codac barley." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 76, no. 4 (October 1, 1996): 799–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps96-134.

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Codac is a six-rowed spring feed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) bred at the Crop Development Centre, University of Saskatchewan and registered by the Crop Science Department, University of Guelph for Eastern Canada. It was produced from a cross of Diamond/Duke and has shown adaptation to Eastern Canada. It has been high yielding, early maturing and has medium height straw. It has good resistance to scald, leaf rust, stem rust and the smuts, but is susceptible to powdery mildew. Key words: Six-rowed barley (spring), Hordeum vulgare L., feed barley, high yield, early maturity, smut resistance, scal

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Jiao, Yujie, and Ling Yuan. "Positive effects of increasing crop diversity in land use on soil microbial biomass, enzyme activity and bacterial community composition." Soil Research 57, no. 7 (2019): 779. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr18240.

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A rotation of summer tobacco–winter barley–next summer maize (T-B-M) has been suggested by Chinese government programs as an alternative land use practice to replace the conventional tobacco–fallow monoculture (T) and tobacco–barley succession (T-B) management systems. Crop yield in each crop system was recorded from 2010 to 2016 and routine and 454 pyrosequencing approaches were used to evaluate the effects of these cropping systems on organic matter, enzyme activity, and bacterial biomass and community composition within the same soil type. Tobacco leaf yields, barley grains, organic matter,

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33

COUTURE, LUC, and DANIEL ISFAN. "EFFET DE LA FERTILISATION AZOTEE SUR LE DEVELOPPEMENT DE LA RHYNCHOSPORIOSE DE L’ORGE." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 66, no. 3 (July 1, 1986): 795–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps86-098.

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The effect of nitrogen fertilizers applied as urea or ammonium nitrate at doses of 0, 40, 80, 120, and 160 kg ha−1 on scald in spring barley (Hordeum vulgare) grown on two different soils was examined during 2 yr. A strong significant positive correlation was found between nitrogen dose and severity of scald during the 2 yr. Nitrogen influenced disease severity the same way in both soils although the absolute level of disease was higher in plots set up in sandy loam than in clay soil. Disease severity was approximately the same in barley fertilized with urea or ammonium nitrate.Key words: Nitr

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34

Gabardo, Gislaine, Clandio Medeiros da Silva, Henrique Luis da Silva, Iohann Metzger Iauchrowitz, Flávio Corrêa Carvalho, and Rui Pereira Leite Junior. "Selection of plum genotypes for resistance to leaf scald." Summa Phytopathologica 46, no. 4 (December 2020): 305–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-5405/238868.

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ABSTRACT Plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.) cultivation is seriously compromised in Brazil due to the occurrence of leaf scald, a disease caused by the bacterium Xylella fastidiosa subsp. multiplex. The objective of this study was to evaluate plum genotypes agronomically promising for resistance to leaf scald, under natural conditions of occurrence of the disease. Ten out of 50 plum genotypes belonging to the germplasm bank of “Instituto Agronômico do Paraná (IAPAR)” were selected. Five evaluations of leaf scald severity were carried out from January to February (2017 and 2018). Polymerase chain re

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35

Korhoň, Radim, Petr Svačina, Dana Komoňová, and Monika Škopová. "Spring barley variety Laudis 550." Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 55, No. 3 (June 17, 2019): 128–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/41/2018-cjgpb.

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Laudis 550 is a mid-late malting spring barley variety, medium resistant to lodging and medium resistant to stem brackling. It is resistant to powdery mildew, medium resistant to brown rust, leaf blotch complex and scald. The variety reached 7.2 points of the malting quality index (to the registration date) and it is recommended by the Research Institute of Brewing and Malting, Plc for production of beer with the protected geographical indication České pivo (Czech beer).

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36

Yitbarek, S., L. Berhane, A. Fikadu, J. A. G. van Leur, S. Grando, and S. Ceccarelli. "Variation in Ethiopian barley landrace populations for resistance to barley leaf scald and netblotch." Plant Breeding 117, no. 5 (November 1998): 419–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1998.tb01966.x.

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37

Abbott, D. C., J. J. Burdon, A. H. D. Brown, B. J. Read, and D. Bittisnich. "The incidence of barley scald in cultivar mixtures." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 51, no. 3 (2000): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar99087.

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A field trial incorporating resistant and susceptible plants in mixed plots, where the proportion of resistant plants was 0%, 50%, or 100%, indicated that cultivar mixtures were not particularly effective for the control of barley scald disease. Combining 2 scald resistance genes into a single line was more effective in controlling disease than deploying the same genes singly in different lines in a mixture. The lack of benefit from mixtures in this experiment differed from the findings of 2 previous studies investigating scald resistance in mixtures. Although the study included only one growi

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38

Brown, JS. "Definition of infection period for field infection of scald in Victoria." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 42, no. 5 (1991): 811. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9910811.

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Conditions suitable for infection of barley with Rhynchosporium secalis were determined by exposing seedlings to inoculum from scald-infected barley plants growing in the field. Maximum infection occurred when the duration of leaf surface wetness was c. 12 h and the average temperature during those periods was c. 6�C. On this basis potential infection periods were defined as periods of leaf surface wetness of >12 h duration with an average temperature of >6�C during the period. Meterological records indicated that during the 1983-89 growing seasons there was an average of 91 periods of l

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39

Daugrois, Jean Heinrich, Rosiane Boisne-Noc, and Philippe Rott. "Leaf Surface Colonization of Sugarcane by Xanthomonas albilineans and Subsequent Disease Progress Vary According to the Host Cultivar." Plant Disease 98, no. 2 (February 2014): 191–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-02-13-0195-re.

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Spread of leaf scald in modern sugarcane cultivars in Guadeloupe occurs through aerial dissemination of Xanthomonas albilineans. However, the importance of host genotype on the foliar spread of leaf scald has never been investigated. To explore this, we followed two trials used to screen sugarcane cultivars for resistance to leaf scald under natural inoculum pressure. Leaf scald epidemic characteristics were studied by measuring epiphytic populations of X. albilineans, leaf symptom incidence and severity, and the number of infected stalks. In both trials, epiphytic X. albilineans populations a

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40

Khan, TN, and MF D'Antuono. "Relationship between scald (Rhynchosporium secalis) and losses in grain yield of barley in Western Australia." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 36, no. 5 (1985): 655. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9850655.

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The three commonly used techniques, viz. critical point model, area under the curve and multiple linear regression, were applied to study the relationship between scald infection and grain yield in field experiments conducted during 1979-1983 in Western Australia. In the preliminary analysis leaf three from the top and the mean of the top three leaves were found to be best correlated with yield. The three models did not dilfer greatly, presumably owing to the high correlations between scald at the milky ripe stage and at the earlier growth stages. The critical point model was chosen because of

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41

Khan, TN. "Effects of fungicide treatments on scald (Rhynchosporium secalis (Oud.) J. Davis) infection and yield of barley in Western Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 26, no. 2 (1986): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9860231.

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Application of fungicides (benomyl and triadimefon) to early sown barley (cv. Clipper) in 1979 and 1980 reduced the incidence of scald and greatly increased grain yield. Fungicide applied to the young crop 4-6 weeks after sowing was ineffective but applications at 10 and 12 weeks indicated that economic returns from the use of fungicides could be obtained. In subsequent experiments on cv. Stirling, an application at the 6-7 leaf stage gave the most consistent grain yield increase, ranging from 15 to 48% (225-937 kg/ha). Triadimefon was found to be more effective in reducing scald than was beno

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42

Genger, R. K., K. J. Williams, H. Raman, B. J. Read, H. Wallwork, J. J. Burdon, and A. H. D. Brown. "Leaf scald resistance genes in Hordeum vulgare and Hordeum vulgare ssp. spontaneum: parallels between cultivated and wild barley." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 54, no. 12 (2003): 1335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar02230.

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The prerequisite for breeding barley varieties with durable scald resistance is a diversity of genes each with molecular markers for their manipulation in crosses. Here we compare the outcomes of genetic analysis of scald resistance in 5 doubled haploid mapping populations of cultivated barley with 9 third-backcross families that derive from a set of diverse wild barley populations. In all cases, resistance was assessed as seedling infection type responses, but the Sloop/Halcyon population was also tested for adult plant resistance in field trials at two sites. In the latter case, the major qu

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43

Champoiseau, P., P. Rott, and J. H. Daugrois. "Epiphytic Populations of Xanthomonas albilineans and Subsequent Sugarcane Stalk Infection Are Linked to Rainfall in Guadeloupe." Plant Disease 93, no. 4 (April 2009): 339–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-93-4-0339.

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Three separate field trials were established in Guadeloupe under different agronomic and rainfall conditions to study phyllosphere contamination and infection of sugarcane plants by Xanthomonas albilineans, the causal agent of sugarcane leaf scald. Disease-free and leaf scald susceptible cv. B69566 was planted and monitored during three 1-year crop cycles. Presence of leaf scald contaminated sugarcane fields in the proximity of the disease-free trials appeared critical in early contamination of the sugarcane phyllosphere. Later on, particular meteorological events, such as tropical storms, wer

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44

Zhang, Ming-Yang, Ding-Kai Hong, Yao-Hui Chen, San-Ji Gao, Hua-Ying Fu, Hua-Kun Zheng, Yong Fang, and Jin-Da Wang. "Synergistic Effects of Organosilicon and Cu(OH)2 in Controlling Sugarcane Leaf Scald Disease." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 21 (November 4, 2022): 13532. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232113532.

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Sugarcane leaf scald is a systemic disease caused by Xanthomonas albilineans that limits sugarcane yield and quality. Previous research has shown that exogenous application of copper hydroxide to plants is effective in controlling this disease. However, long-term bactericide use causes serious “3R” problems: resistance, resurgence, and residue. It is therefore urgent to discover new methods for the improvement of bactericide efficiency and efficacy. In the present study, disease index values for leaf scald were measured in sugarcane seedlings over time to determine the effects of different con

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45

Karjalainen, R., and K. Jokinen. "Influence of Barley Scald Disease on Yield and Competition in Barley-Oat Mixtures." Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 171, no. 5 (December 1993): 314–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-037x.1993.tb00146.x.

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46

Singh, A. K., B. G. Rossnagel, G. J. Scoles, and R. A. Pickering. "Inheritance of scald resistance from barley lines 4176/10/n/3/2/6 and 145L2." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 83, no. 2 (April 1, 2003): 417–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p02-063.

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Scald incited by Rhynchosporium secalis (Oud.) J.J. Davis is an important fungal foliar disease of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) that can cause significant yield and quality losses. While application of fungicides and/or cultural practices are possible control methods, the use of genetic resistance is a very desirable control strategy. Two New Zealand barley lines, 4176/10/n/3/2/6 and 145L2, derived from interspecific crosses, were evaluated in scald nurseries at Lacombe and Edmonton, AB, in 1998 and exhibited a high level of resistance. The objectives of this study were to further evaluate the

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47

Singh, A. K., G. J. Scoles, R. A. Pickering, and B. G. Rossnagel. "Allelic studies of new sources of scald (Rhynchosporium secalis Davis) resistance in barley." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 83, no. 4 (October 1, 2003): 709–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p02-103.

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The use of genetic resistance is a desirable disease management strategy for controlling scald (Rhynchosporium secalis Davis) in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.); thus, it is essential to screen for new sources of resistance. The objectives of this study were to test the novelty of scald resistance in two barley lines from New Zealand, 145L2 and 4176/10/n/3/2/6, relative to a number of resistance sources available to western Canadian breeding programs, and to determine the source of this resistance. 145L2 and 4176/10/n/3/2/6 were resistant in New Zealand and in scald screening nurseries in Alberta,

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Singh, A. K., B. G. Rossnagel, G. J. Scoles, and R. A. Pickering. "Identification of a quantitatively inherited source of Hordeum bulbosum derived scald resistance from barley line 926K2/11/1/5/1." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 84, no. 3 (July 1, 2004): 935–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p02-181.

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Scald resistance breeding requires identification and incorporation of novel resistance sources into local breeding populations. A New Zealand barley Hordeum vulgare L.) line (926K2/11/1/5/1) was evaluated in scald [Rhynchosporium secalis (Oud.) J.J. Davis] nurseries at Lacombe and Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, as a potential source of scald resistance derived from H. bulbosum. Primary objectives were to evaluate the level of resistance in 926K2/11/1/5/1 under Canadian conditions and determine its mode of inheritance. In western Canadian nurseries, 926K2/11/1/5/1 exhibited moderate resistance. 92

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., H. Kavak, and Z. Katircioglu . "Effects of Different Sowing Frequencies on Barley Leaf Scald and Some Yield Components." Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 8, no. 4 (March 15, 2005): 662–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2005.662.664.

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50

Xue, G., and R. Hall. "Effects of surface wetness duration, temperature, and inoculum concentration on infection of winter barley by Rhynchosporium secalis." Phytoprotection 73, no. 2 (April 12, 2005): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/706020ar.

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The effects of surface wetness duration, temperature, and inoculum concentration on development of scald in winter barley (Hordeum vulgare) inoculated with race SOI of Rhynchosporium secalisfrom southern Ontario, Canada were examined. On barley line 'GW8614' sprayed with a spore suspension (2 x 105 conidia ml-1), wet periods of 2-48 h and constant temperatures of 10-25°C during the wet and dry periods, 10-25°C during the wet period and 20°C during the dry period, or 20°C during the wet period and 10-30°C during the dry period allowed scald to develop 8.3-11.5 d after inoculation. The disease d

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