Tesis sobre el tema "Banques – Bases de données"
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Soubra, Najwa. "La responsabilité des producteurs de bases et banques de données". Orléans, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ORLE0502.
Texto completoThe documentary basis of a data bank is a set of data made up of primary information. The producer is therefore subject to information law. The data bank service which can be accessed through a computer system implies interactive communication. This telematic service supplied by the producer is part of the communication. The computer and commercial distribution of the data bank service may involve the producer in a series of links. A succession of operators is concerned : the service, the transmitter, the distributor, the broker and the user. The breach of legal and regulatory obligations, as well as the non-fulfillment of contractual agreements, or their poor execution involve the producer's liability is therefore either civil or criminal. In the current state of the positive law, there is no real specific legal system, which has emerged from the supply of on-line information. The data bank, for its formation, must then fit within the legal framework that governs telematic interactive services. As for the contractual relations that develop between the actors for the data bank development and operation, the common law for contracts and civil liability applies and must be applied
Ernst, Christian. "Conception et implantation d'un système de gestion de bases d'objets de structure complexe : application aux images". Nice, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NICE4089.
Texto completoBonato, Lucie. "Recherches pour la constitution de banques de données bibliographiques sur l'antiquité classique". Paris 10, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA100076.
Texto completoThe purpose of this thesis is to study the problems linked to the commuting of bibliography for classical antiquity and more precisely for archeology. In the introduction, in order to understand the context, which is particularly complicated, is reminded some fundamental notions regarding the different categories of bibliographies as well as the great stages of bibliographic computerization in France. An evaluation of the present situation is also given. The 2nd chapter presents a bibliographic data base concerning the Greek mosaic from the origins until the end of the Hellenistic period. The creation of this base allows explaining the method which was followed regarding the two phases of information treatment: the analysis is the extraction of the concepts contained in the documents and the indexation which is the transcription in documentary language of these concepts. In addition to the problems of the determination of the data’s and their links, are studied the parameters which interfere in the analysis of the "content" of a text. These matters are then illustrated by some significant examples. The 3rd chapter exposes the results of the computing experimentation which confirms the reliability of manual indexation. In order to study the information treatment in natural language, is the automatic indexation, two other experimentations have also been realized on the data base. The comparison of the results emphasizes the advantages and disadvantages of each method. The conclusion proposes an extension of the subject, the principle of a common analysis form for all the data bases in classical archeology is studied as well as the problems linked to the creation of a bibliographic network
Mehira, Djamel. "Bases de données images : application à la réutilisation en synthèse d'images". La Rochelle, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LAROS017.
Texto completoBesson, Laurent. "IkoSem, une plate-forme pour l'ingénierie des bases de données images". Dijon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004DIJOS059.
Texto completoDubois, Jean-Christophe. "Vers une interrogation en langage naturel d'une base de données image". Nancy 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NAN10044.
Texto completoNajjar, Ahmed. "Forage de données de bases administratives en santé". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28162.
Texto completoCurrent health systems are increasingly equipped with data collection and storage systems. Therefore, a huge amount of data is stored in medical databases. Databases, designed for administrative or billing purposes, are fed with new data whenever the patient uses the healthcare system. This specificity makes these databases a rich source of information and extremely interesting. These databases can unveil the constraints of reality, capturing elements from a great variety of real medical care situations. So, they could allow the conception and modeling the medical treatment process. However, despite the obvious interest of these administrative databases, they are still underexploited by researchers. In this thesis, we propose a new approach of the mining for administrative data to detect patterns from patient care trajectories. Firstly, we have proposed an algorithm able to cluster complex objects that represent medical services. These objects are characterized by a mixture of numerical, categorical and multivalued categorical variables. We thus propose to extract one projection space for each multivalued variable and to modify the computation of the distance between the objects to consider these projections. Secondly, a two-step mixture model is proposed to cluster these objects. This model uses the Gaussian distribution for the numerical variables, multinomial for the categorical variables and the hidden Markov models (HMM) for the multivalued variables. Finally, we obtain two algorithms able to cluster complex objects characterized by a mixture of variables. Once this stage is reached, an approach for the discovery of patterns of care trajectories is set up. This approach involves the followed steps: 1. preprocessing that allows the building and generation of medical services sets. Thus, three sets of medical services are obtained: one for hospital stays, one for consultations and one for visits. 2. modeling of treatment processes as a succession of labels of medical services. These complex processes require a sophisticated method of clustering. Thus, we propose a clustering algorithm based on the HMM. 3. creating an approach of visualization and analysis of the trajectory patterns to mine the discovered models. All these steps produce the knowledge discovery process from medical administrative databases. We apply this approach to databases for elderly patients over 65 years old who live in the province of Quebec and are suffering from heart failure. The data are extracted from the three databases: the MSSS MED-ÉCHO database, the RAMQ bank and the database containing death certificate data. The obtained results clearly demonstrated the effectiveness of our approach by detecting special patterns that can help healthcare administrators to better manage health treatments.
Chbeir, Richard. "Modélisation de la description d'images : application au domaine médical". Lyon, INSA, 2001. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2001ISAL0065/these.pdf.
Texto completoThe management of images remains a complex task that is currently a cause for several research works. In line with this, we are interested in this work with the problem of image retrieval in medical databases. This problem is mainly related to the complexity of image description or representation. In literature, three paradigms are proposed: 1- The context-oriented paradigm that describes the context of the image without considering its content, 2- The content-oriented paradigm considering the physical characteristics of the image such as colors, textures, shapes, etc. 3- The semantic-oriented paradigm trying to provide an interpretation of the image using keywords, legends, etc. In this thesis, we propose an original model able to describe all image characteristics. This model is structured according to two spaces: 1- External space containing factual information associated to the image such as the patient name, the acquisition date, image type, etc;, 2-Internal space considering the physical characteristics (color, texture, etc. ), the spatial characteristics (form, position), and the semantics (scene, interpretation, etc. ) of the image content. The model is elaborated with several levels of granularity that considers characteristics of the whole image and/or its salient objects. We provide as well a referential module and a rules module that maintains coherence between description spaces. We also propose a meta-model of relations. The purpose of this meta-model is to provide, in a precise way, the several types of relations between two objects in function of common characteristics (shape, color, position, etc. ). This meta-model contributes to define a powerful indexing mechanism. In order to validate our approach, we developed a prototype named MIMS (Medical Image System management) with a user-friendly interface for storage and retrieval of images based on icons and hypermedia. MIMS is web-accessible on http://mims. Myip. Org
Barillot, Marine. "Interactions médicamenteuses : sources d'informations disponibles et étude comparative de banques de données bibliographiques". Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05P179.
Texto completoChardain, Antoine. "Innovation et régulation : cas de l'accès aux données bancaires". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022AIXM0398.
Texto completoThe accelerating pace of innovation and digitalisation is a challenge for those responsible for regulating and supervising the financial sector. The way they approach innovation has impacts far beyond the financial sector, on the daily lives of people, organisations and states. Regulation, by definition, aims to build and maintain balances that innovation, by its nature, upsets. So how can innovation and regulation be reconciled in the context of digital transformation? This thesis proposes to shed light on this issue through a case study, the case of access to banking data by non-banking actors, within the European Union. This unique longitudinal case study, conducted according to a comprehensive methodology, sheds light on the issue from three different angles. The first analysis highlights the roles of European and national regulators and supervisors, which have an impact on the temporalities of an innovation. The second analysis focuses on the way in which information and communication technologies are taken into account in the regulatory process, at EU level. Finally, the third analysis focuses on digital infrastructures which, in the digital age, coordinate the actions and interactions of many actors in innovative ecosystems and digital platforms. An analysis grid of the emergence of an infrastructure, based on the analysis of the state of legitimacy and illegitimacy of the infrastructure in the eyes of the different stakeholders, is proposed
Etchebès, Pascale. "Exploitation automatique d'une base de données d'images à partir des informations textuelles jointes sur des bases cognitives". Besançon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BESA1019.
Texto completoOur project of study is inspired from our profesional experience in the setting up of industrial images databases. We conducted a mission of computerization of a part of the photographic collection of the Chantiers de l'Atlantique in Saint-Nazaire (France). From this professional experience we drawn up our project. The industrial photography shows the limits of the usual approach of description which consists in listing the words as if the word and its written mark were linked up with a stable and constituted referent. Our conception of NLP technologies leads us beyond words, terms and language. Our approach is essentially conceptual. The concept refers to the construction of the reference which goes with the word : the object, the action, the technology, the feeling, and this at a given period (the universe of shipbuilding may have considerably evolved as well as the sense of the words). Our thesis consists in proposing the principles of setting up of an industrial ontology, its areas, its limits, its activities, its agents, its products, taking into account the fact that we are working on a media which is image and which justifies a break with software and information solutions proposed up to now and which only took into account the text. The work is faintly lexicologic or terminologic. It is not that linguistic data processing is dismissed of our process. The problem will be deeply questioned when we will find ourselves in natural language interfaces. Our thesis is composed of five parts. It is illustrated by photographies from the Chantiers de l'Atlantique, which have been chosen for their explicative power
Quellec, Gwenole. "Indexation et fusion multimodale pour la recherche d'informations par le contenu : Application aux bases de données d'images médicales". Télécom Bretagne, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TELB0078.
Texto completoIn this Ph. D thesis, we study methods for information retrieval in databases made of multidimedia documents. Our objective is to select in a database documents similar to a query document. The aimed application is computer aided diagnosis in a medical framework: the database is made up of several images together with clinical contextual information about the patient. We firts try to characterize each image in the patient file individually. We have thus proposed two original indexing methods derived from the wavelet transform of images: 1) a global method, modeling the distribution of wavelet coefficients in the image, 2) a local method, based on the extraction of lesions. Once images are characterized, we try to used all the information in the file to retrieve the closest patient files. In addition to the heterogeneity of the data, with have to cope with missing information in patient files. We propose three new approaches, derived from data mining and information fusion theory. The first approach is based on decision trees, the second one on Bayesian networks and the third one on the Dezert-Smarandache theory (DSmT). The results obtained on two multimodamedical databases are satisfying and superior to existing methods. Thus, the mean precision at five research 81. 78 % on a retinal image database and 92. 90 % on a mammography database
Pinot, Gilbert. "Concepts multimédia et technologies associées : applications : consultation d'une base de données d'images, bornes interactives". Mulhouse, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MULH0281.
Texto completoTouir, Ameur. "Étude d'une structure de données adaptée à la recherche sur le contenu dans une base de données d'images /". Paris : École nationale supérieure des télécommunications, 1993. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb356172801.
Texto completoDecleir, Cyril. "Indexation et interrogation de séquences audiovisuelles". Lyon, INSA, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ISAL0109.
Texto completoA large amount of information is conveyed by video data. There exists nowadays a huge quantity of video information, and the problem which consists in retrieving a specific video data from this set is an important one. This work is devoted to the problem of indexing and querying video data using a database approach. We define a flexible abject oriented data model, which allows building video descriptions accordingly to the user's needs. Querying this model is supported by a rule-based constraint query language. The constraint aspect of this language allows managing easily the temporal aspects of video data. This work is clone in the framework of the Sésame project whose goal is to propose a global solution (hardware, software and theoretical aspects) to the video indexing problem
Faucompré, Pascal. "La mise en correspondance automatique de banques de données bibliographiques scientifiques et techniques à l'aide de la Classification Internationale des Brevets : contribution au rapprochement de la science et de la technologie". Aix-Marseille 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX30128.
Texto completoScientific information and technical information are at the heart of technological success, which brings economic advantage. Technical innovation needs a more active technological awareness than a neutral observation. It is no more sufficient to watch and to analyse the relationship between science and technique: firms and laboratories have to search it to obtain closer links between them. On one hand, multiple paths between scientific databases attempt to establish the most exact concordances. This is incompatible with such dialog. On the other hand, all patent documents are classified with codes of the International Patent Classification (IPC). This classification can offer the opportunity to use a common language for heterogeneous information. In fact, the IPC does not allow a direct link with other indexing languages because of its hierarchical structure and its complexity. However, its keywords index (catchwords) brings a useful compatibility with these documentary tools. In a first stage, a correspondence system has been built using these catchwords. Then scientific bibliographic references have been indexed with IPC codes. This tool brings to end-users new relations between fundamental literature and patent documents. However, the analysis of results shows that automatic established paths never are bi-univocal because they attempt to get a wilder search area and not to close a set of response. In accordance with a wilder perspective than the documentary viewpoint, this new relation could bring strategic elements to technological awareness
Courtois, Sophie. "Création de banques d'ADN de micro-organismes telluriques, sans étape préalable de culture in-vitro". Lyon 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO10059.
Texto completoChbeir, Richard Flory André Amghar Youssef. "Modélisation de la description d'images application au domaine médical /". Villeurbanne : Doc'INSA, 2005. http://docinsa.insa-lyon.fr/these/pont.php?id=chbeir.
Texto completoJouzier, Cécile. "Constitution d'une base de données d'histoire médico-pharmaceutique bordelaise". Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR2P107.
Texto completoLongueville, Véronique. "Modélisation, calcul et évaluation de liens pour la navigation dans les grands ensembles d'images fixes". Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU30149.
Texto completoYang, Xi. "Essais sur la stabilité du secteur bancaire : analyses sur données comptables des banques américaines". Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100169.
Texto completoThe 2007-2009 global financial crisis reveals the fragility of modern banking sector and the flaws in bank regulation. In the wake of the crisis, an important number of reforms are carried out: enhancement of micro-prudential regulation, introduction of macro-prudential instruments and separation of activities. In this context, this thesis, using detailed information on the U.S. banking sector, tries to explain bank vulnerability by their financial characteristics and organizational structure. Then the thesis analyzes the efficiency of some new regulatory instruments. Our findings are the following: 1) Banks adopting an aggressive business model in economic boom and banks funded massively with instable liabilities are more likely to fail. A healthy (well-capitalized and profitable) bank holding company is a source of strength for its bank subsidiaries. These findings support the introduction of the countercyclical capital buffer and of the requirements on liquidity in the Basel III framework. 2) A high degree of diversification across different banking activities is associated with important risk reduction benefits while the expansion in non-traditional activities seems to make banks more vulnerable. This indicates the necessity of structural reform for certain universal banks. 3) The leverage ratios are more efficient in predicting failures of large banks than the risk-weighted capital ratio whereas the two types of capital ratios predict the failures of small banks as well as each other. These findings go in line with the reinforcement of regulation on systemically important banks
Ribero, Bernard. "Gcdata : banque de données et système expert d'estimation de propriétés physico-chimiques et thermodynamiques". Aix-Marseille 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX30083.
Texto completoEtchebès, Pascale Madec Henri. "Exploitation automatique d'une base de données d'images à partir des informations textuelles jointes sur des bases cognitives". (s.l.) : (s.n.), 2003. http://artur.univ-fcomte.fr/SLHS/LING/these/etchebes_ecran2.pdf.
Texto completoLelarge, Françoise. "L'influence des mutations technologiques sur la structure et les strategies des industries de l'information : le cas de l'industrie des banques de donnees". Caen, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992CAEN0546.
Texto completoChaari, Anis. "Nouvelle approche d'identification dans les bases de données biométriques basée sur une classification non supervisée". Phd thesis, Université d'Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00549395.
Texto completoGouy, Manolo. "Origine et fonction de l'utilisation de la dégénérescence du code génétique chez Escherichia coli : structuration en banque de données et analyse statistique des séquences nucléotidiques". Lyon 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LYO10052.
Texto completoLoisant, Erwan. "Browsing a Classification of an Image Collection". Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00465952.
Texto completoPiras, Patrick. "Développement et exploitation d'une base de données moléculaire pour la séparation d'énantiomères par chromatographie liquide". Aix-Marseille 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX30097.
Texto completoSamara, Tarek. "Multiplicité des utilisateurs et pertinence des systèmes d'information multidimensionnels : l'exemple du secteur bancaire". Paris, CNAM, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CNAM0455.
Texto completoThe changes in the environment these last years involved the creation of new functions obliging the accounting system to satisfy a multiplicity of users whose needs are detailed and specific. Our objective consists in showing – with the example of the banking sector - that this multiplicity leads to a reorganization of architecture according to a multidimensional approach. Relying on a theoretical context which combines the theories of event and of the contingency, we carried out two case studies and a quantitative analysis of 52 questionnaires. That showed the relevance of the multidimensional approach - whose application is partial as well as contingent - towards which the accounting model evolves becoming more and more a module within an enterprise resource planning. A typology of situations illustrated the importance of hybrid information systems as an intermediate stage in this evolution
Abbas, Issam. "Optimisation d'un langage fonctionnel de requêtes pour une base de données orienté-objet". Aix-Marseille 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX11003.
Texto completoMargerand, Isabelle. "Le Paléolithique supérieur entre Saône et Rhône : étude des outillages lithiques, constitution d'une banque de données". Paris 10, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA100057.
Texto completoCervantes-Villagomez, Ofélia. "Bases de données et d'objets complexes multimédia pour la recherche sur la parole". Grenoble INPG, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988INPG0003.
Texto completoTighzert, Akli. "Conception d'une base d'informations généralisées dans le secteur bancaire". Lyon 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO10188.
Texto completoTrad, Naama. "Gouvernance bancaire et prise de risque des banques islamiques". Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE2039.
Texto completoCompared to the conventional financial system, which has experienced periods of high volatility in recent years partly due to poor governance, the Islamic financial system has shown signs of robustness and sustainability. Its ability to overcome the unfavorable events has encouraged several stakeholders to propose Islamic finance as a solution to financial deficits and as a potential alternative to the current banking system. The supporters of this finance argued that the recent financial crisis could have been avoided if Islamic finance with good governance and a solid regulatory framework had been introduced instead of conventional finance. For these reasons, the purpose of this thesis is twofold. First, we examine whether Islamic finance could guarantee stability in times of crisis and be a substitute for the traditional financial system. Second, we assess the effect of internal and external mechanisms of banking governance on the risk of Islamic banks compared to their conventional counterparts. To this end, we have developed three chapters with empirical evidence using a sample of 95 Islamic banks and 130 conventional banks (38 banks including 14 Islamic banks are excluded at the last chapter) in 18 MENAP and Southeast Asian countries, during the period 2006-2013. The first chapter analyzes the specificities and the risk of the bank in an Islamic financial system compared to conventional system. The results indicate that the size and capital of the bank as well as the GDP growth are crucial factors for the soundness of the two banking systems of all surveyed countries, especially of the Gulf region. However, other results are not strong enough to answer whether Islamic banks are more or less risky than their conventional counterparts. We therefore conclude that the Islamic banking system cannot replace the traditional system, but is, rather, a financial supplement that has its own limitations. The second chapter examines the effect of internal mechanisms of banking governance, such as the board of directors and the sharia supervisory board as a control organ specific to Islamic banks, on the risk of conventional banks compared to their Islamic counterparts. The findings show no significant difference between the two banking systems, except for the Islamic banks of Gulf countries, which demonstrate greater financial solidity thanks particularly to the skills of the specialists in finance and Islamic law, and the recruitment of foreign directors. In addition, we find especiallyin Gulf countries that the harmful effect of a large board size and dual functions on the risks of conventional banks disappear with the presence of a significant number of independent directors. In investigating the issue of the external dimension of banking governance, the focus is on the probable effect of recent banking reforms relating to conventional and Islamic banks, in light of Basel III and IFSB-12/15, on the risk of the two banking systems. Our findings support that if the regulatory requirements of these two international solvency standards had been applied during our sampling period, they would probably have improved the stability of the two banking systems of the surveyed countries. However, this effect is not uniform for all banks. In particular, conventional banks of Southeast Asian countries seem less stable and more exposed to credit risk than the other ones. All of these results bring a new dimension of governance research from an Islamic perspective, which could be a valuable source ofknowledge for both bankers and regulators in the banking sector
Tifratène, Karim. "La Banque Nationale de Données Alzheimer comme outil épidémiologique : état des lieux et perspectives". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0214/document.
Texto completoThe French Alzheimer database (BNA) is part of the third French plan against Alzheimer’s disease and related disorders. The objective of this database is to collect activity data of all French memory centers in order to help health authorities to organize the care offer and to generate epidemiologic knowledge on dementia. Administrative database have advantages and drawback in terms of medical research. It can gather data related to a large population, reflects the “real life” of patients and medical practices and allows longitudinal follow-up. On this other side some specific problems exists among them validity is a real concern. The objective of this work was to assess the BNA as an epidemiologic tool. We performed quality analyses and external validity studies in this perspective and initiated a research on posterior cortical atrophy to illustrate the potential of the database for the study of rare conditions. Our work shows that quality can be increased by the setup of a more structured quality program. The BNA is currently able to reproduce known published results and is sensitive to the environment. In this work we give some recommendations to increase the value of the BNA for epidemiological research
Pham, Nguyen-Khang. "Analyse factorielle des correspondances pour l'indexation et la recherche d'information dans une grande base de données d'images". Rennes 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009REN1S067.
Texto completoWith the development of the digital world, the number of images stored in databases has significantly increased. Image indexing and information retrieval in image databases are more complicated than in the case of textual documents. Indexing methods already used in textual data analysis are proposed to process images. To transfer the results of the textual data analysis to images, new features are required: visual words and images are considered as documents. We are interested in the problem of indexing and information retrieval in a large database of images using data analysis methods and, more specifically, using Factorial Correspondence Analysis (FCA). First, we propose to use relevant indicators of FCA to speed up the retrieval step after adapting it to images. Next, we study the large scale retrieval with FCA. To this end, we propose an incremental FCA algorithm to deal with large contingency tables, and its parallelization on Graphics Processing Units (GPUs). We also develop a parallel version of our search algorithm using relevant indicators of FCA on GPUs. After that, we combine the use of FCA with other methods such as the Contextual Dissimilarity Measure and random forests in order to improve the retrieval quality. Finally, we present a visualization environment, CAViz, which allows us to display the results
Vilsmaier, Christian. "Contextualized access to distributed and heterogeneous multimedia data sources". Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ISAL0094/document.
Texto completoMaking multimedia data available online becomes less expensive and more convenient on a daily basis. This development promotes web phenomenons such as Facebook, Twitter, and Flickr. These phenomena and their increased acceptance in society in turn leads to a multiplication of the amount of available images online. This vast amount of, frequently public and therefore searchable, images already exceeds the zettabyte bound. Executing a similarity search on the magnitude of images that are publicly available and receiving a top quality result is a challenge that the scientific community has recently attempted to rise to. One approach to cope with this problem assumes the use of distributed heterogeneous Content Based Image Retrieval system (CBIRs). Following from this anticipation, the problems that emerge from a distributed query scenario must be dealt with. For example the involved CBIRs’ usage of distinct metadata formats for describing their content, as well as their unequal technical and structural information. An addition issue is the individual metrics that are used by the CBIRs to calculate the similarity between pictures, as well as their specific way of being combined. Overall, receiving good results in this environment is a very labor intensive task which has been scientifically but not yet comprehensively explored. The problem primarily addressed in this work is the collection of pictures from CBIRs, that are similar to a given picture, as a response to a distributed multimedia query. The main contribution of this thesis is the construction of a network of Content Based Image Retrieval systems that are able to extract and exploit the information about an input image’s semantic concept. This so called semantic CBIRn is mainly composed of CBIRs that are configured by the semantic CBIRn itself. Complementarily, there is a possibility that allows the integration of specialized external sources. The semantic CBIRn is able to collect and merge results of all of these attached CBIRs. In order to be able to integrate external sources that are willing to join the network, but are not willing to disclose their configuration, an algorithm was developed that approximates these configurations. By categorizing existing as well as external CBIRs and analyzing incoming queries, image queries are exclusively forwarded to the most suitable CBIRs. In this way, images that are not of any use for the user can be omitted beforehand. The hereafter returned images are rendered comparable in order to be able to merge them to one single result list of images, that are similar to the input image. The feasibility of the approach and the hereby obtained improvement of the search process is demonstrated by a prototypical implementation. Using this prototypical implementation an augmentation of the number of returned images that are of the same semantic concept as the input images is achieved by a factor of 4.75 with respect to a predefined non-semantic CBIRn
Malanda, Urbain Maxime. "Connaissance et représentation de connaissances en droit interne des contrats et des obligations : de l'analyse conceptuelle à la banque de données juridiques et au recueil, outils de connaissances". Montpellier 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON10038.
Texto completoAlves, do Valle Junior Eduardo. "Local-Descriptor Matching for Image Identification Systems". Cergy-Pontoise, 2008. http://biblioweb.u-cergy.fr/theses/08CERG0351.pdf.
Texto completoImage identification (or copy detection) consists in retrieving the original from which a query image possibly derives, as well as any related metadata, such as titles, authors, copyright information, etc. The task is challenging because of the variety of transformations that the original image may have suffered. Image identification systems based on local descriptors have shown excellent efficacy, but often suffer from efficiency issues, since hundreds, even thousands of descriptors, have to be matched in order to find a single image. The objective of our work is to provide fast methods for descriptor matching, by creating efficient ways to perform the k-nearest neighbours search in high-dimensional spaces. In this way, we can gain the advantages from the use of local descriptors, while minimising the efficiency issues. We propose three new methods for the k-nearest neighbours search: the 3-way trees — an improvement over the KD-trees using redundant, overlapping nodes; the projection KD-forests — a technique which uses multiple moderate dimensional KD-trees; and the multicurves, which is based on multiple moderate dimensional Hilbert space-filling curves. Those techniques try to reduce the amount of random access to the data, in order to be well adapted to the implementation in secondary memory
HORB, MAXIME. "Mieux connaitre les banques de donnees biomedicales pour mieux les utiliser". Strasbourg 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995STR15038.
Texto completoJühling, Frank. "Structure and evolution of animal mitochondrial tRNAs". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAJ012.
Texto completoThe bioinformatic approaches presented in this thesis include the development of databases for classical tRNAs and the mitochondrial tRNAs of metazoans. They are based on new tools for the detection of "bizarre" tRNA genes and sequences, and for the calculation of alignments based on their structural features. The analysis of collected sequences have led to an global overview on the diversity of tRNAs in mitochondrial genomes covering all taxonomic groups of metazoans, but also to a better understanding of genome organization and their evolution. The present study revealed the existence of the smallest known tRNA so far and provides the basis for understanding the three-dimensional folding of mitochondrial tRNA. This work helps to better understand the structure/function relationships of human mitochondrial tRNAs and, in particular, the dysfunctions in mitochondrial pathologies
Gross-Amblard, David. "Tatouage des bases de données". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Bourgogne, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00590970.
Texto completoWaller, Emmanuel. "Méthodes et bases de données". Paris 11, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA112481.
Texto completoVaugelade, Stéphane. "Développement et mise au point d'une banque de données sur les revêtements et la corrosion à haute température". Aix-Marseille 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX30003.
Texto completoWrobel, Frédéric. "Elaboration d'une base de données des particules responsables des dysfonctionnements dans les composants électroniques exposés à des flux de protons ou de neutrons. Application au calcul des taux d'erreurs dans les mémoires sram en environnement radiatif naturel". Montpellier 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON20064.
Texto completoFaugérolas, Laurent. "L'opération internationale d'accés à des banques de données". Bordeaux 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR1D010.
Texto completoThe purpose of the thesis is to study the legal structure of the international acces of a data basis. This structure is mainly bases upon the international contract. The regime of these contracts in connection with the acces is then studied in taking account of public policy laws and the proper law of the contract
Castelltort, Arnaud. "Historisation de données dans les bases de données NoSQLorientées graphes". Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON20076.
Texto completoThis thesis deals with data historization in the context of graphs. Graph data have been dealt with for many years but their exploitation in information systems, especially in NoSQL engines, is recent. The emerging Big Data and 3V contexts (Variety, Volume, Velocity) have revealed the limits of classical relational databases. Historization, on its side, has been considered for a long time as only linked with technical and backups issues, and more recently with decisional reasons (Business Intelligence). However, historization is now taking more and more importance in management applications.In this framework, graph databases that are often used have received little attention regarding historization. Our first contribution consists in studying the impact of historized data in management information systems. This analysis relies on the hypothesis that historization is taking more and more importance. Our second contribution aims at proposing an original model for managing historization in NoSQL graph databases.This proposition consists on the one hand in elaborating a unique and generic system for representing the history and on the other hand in proposing query features.We show that the system can support both simple and complex queries.Our contributions have been implemented and tested over synthetic and real databases
Benchkron, Said Soumia. "Bases de données et logiciels intégrés". Paris 9, 1985. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1985PA090025.
Texto completoMarie-Julie, Jean Michel. "Bases de données d'images- Calculateurs parallèles". Paris 6, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA066593.
Texto completoLai, Hien Phuong. "Vers un système interactif de structuration des index pour une recherche par le contenu dans des grandes bases d'images". Phd thesis, Université de La Rochelle, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00934842.
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