Tesis sobre el tema "Bandes interdites de vibrations"
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Zouari, Sahar. "Bandes interdites d’ondes de flexion dans une méta-plaque composite : effet de finitude de la structure et des dispersions de fabrication". Thesis, Le Mans, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LEMA1034/document.
Texto completoThe vibration attenuation characteristics of a metamaterial plate were investigated theoretically and experimentally with a 2-dimensional periodic array of resonators (mass-beam) attached to a thin homogeneous plate.The sensitivity analysis of the band gap frequency range took into account the uncertainties of all the design parameters of the metamaterial plate. The theoretical approach used the finite element method (FEM) to compare the predicted band gaps with those derived from infinite and finite models of the metamaterial.An original automatic method is proposed to detect the frequency ranges of band gaps in finite metamaterial based on the behavior of the corresponding bare plate. Directional plane wave excitation and point force excitation were applied to evaluate the efficiency of the detection method. The results of these analyses were compared with experimental measurements. Frequency ranges of experimental vibration attenuation are in good agreement with the theoretically predicted complete and directional band gaps.These theoretical and experimental methods are then applied to SMC (Sheet Molding Compound) composite plates with periodic perforations. Tests with unidirectional excitation and point force excitation are performed. The influence of each type of excitation on the vibratory response of the plates is analyzed in order to demonstrate the detectability of the bands gaps.Finally, the robustness of the band gap to the variations of the periodic lattice is validated following an integration of perturbations: addition of local mass on half of the unit cells according to a periodic or random positions
Zhang, Runze. "Modeling of coupled vibration systems with fluid-structure interaction". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPAST136.
Texto completoThis thesis addresses two key aspects of the vibrational dynamics of structures with fluid-structure interaction (FSI): the control of vibrations in structures immersed in a fluid and the conversion of fluid-induced vibrations into electrical energy. This dissertation presents our contributions to these two domains. To this end, the study first proposes an unit cell-based finite element model to predict vibration bandgaps in periodic composite plates under FSI conditions. By introducing a novel fluid-added mass matrix integrating Bloch boundary conditions, the fluid's inertial effects are incorporated into the bandgap analysis, enabling designing for vibration control in periodic plates submerged in liquids, achieving passive control.Based on this foundation, the research further explores the potential for actively tuning the vibration bandgaps of periodic composite plates submerged in liquids, which integrate connected piezoelectric sensors and actuators with feedback control. Therefore, an unit cell-based vibration bandgap tuning model with inertial fluid is developed, which integrates Bloch boundary conditions for both fluid and piezoelectric coupled solid domains. Then, the study reveals that in liquid environments, the fluid-added mass effect significantly impacts the bandgap characteristics of thin-walled structures, reducing the effectiveness of control strategy. Increasing the structure's self inertia or optimizing the arrangement of piezoelectric patches can mitigate this effect.On the other hand, the rivers and oceans are in constant motion, containing substantial kinetic energy. When fluid flows over a structural surface, the induced structural vibrations can be viewed as a potential source of clean and renewable energy. By utilizing the direct piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric materials, the kinetic energy of the fluid can be converted into usable electrical energy, enabling fluid energy harvesting. However, in such energy harvesting systems, significant FSI and electro-mechanical coupling effects are often accompanied by complex nonlinear dynamic behavior. The presence of these coupling effects complicates numerical simulations in this field, making it challenging, especially when considering practical applications where a deep understanding of these nonlinear behaviors and their impact on system performance is essential. Therefore, this thesis develops a full-scale finite element model to capture the strong local FSI behavior of complex thin-walled piezoelectric fluid energy harvesters (PFEH) involving microstructured transducers and non-uniform cantilevers, which are often ignored by simplified models. The research analyzes different energy harvester designs through numerical simulations, examining the influence of substrate cross-sectional shape, piezoelectric patch arrangement, and microstructure on the system's dynamic response and energy output efficiency.Finally, the study further enhance the power output of PFEHs using synergistic vortex generators composed of upstream double plates and downstream cylinder with a small spacing in dynamic water environments. With the synergistic effects of multi vortex generators, it is possible to achieve higher frequency and stable larger amplitude vibrations for the piezoelectric flag, thereby obtaining higher energy harvesting efficiency. Overall, the multi-physics coupling modeling for different FSI conditions proposed in this study not only effectively predict and control structural vibrations in fluid environments but also provide a theoretical foundation and technical support for the development of efficient piezoelectric energy harvesting systems
Pyskir, Adrien. "Application de métamatériaux aux problématiques vibroacoustiques automobiles". Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEC011.
Texto completoMetamaterials are architectured materials exhibiting exotic properties due to their internal stucture rather than their constitutive material. They have now been studied for two decades, but have yet to make their mark outside laboratories, especially for industrial applications. This thesis focuses on elastic metamaterials that can contribute to fix vibration issues in the automotive field. Better isolation of the main vibration sources would increase both the vibroacoustic comfort in the vehicles and the safety of mechanical parts. Through computations and experimentations, it is shown that metamaterials can be designed to meet different criteria usually contradictory and as such, are strong candidates for innovative breakthroughs in industry. As this kind of solutions differs radically from existing ones, the first chapter is a state-of-the-art review, both to grasp the main mechanims behind the multitude of metamaterials designs that can be found in the literature, as well as the methods used to modelize them. The second chapter tackles the characterization of the materials used along this thesis. The mechanical tests and results presented allow to determine the material models then inserted in the computations. Through preliminary computations, the third chapter attempts to understand and select the most promising mechanisms to satisfy the expected specifications. The chosen design properties are further investigated in the fourth chapter, through static and dynamic computations, as well as parametric studies. A hybrid metamaterial with enhanced isolation properties is proposed. To finally assess the numerical results obtained and reach better undestanding of the underlying mechanisms, the fifth chapter deals with the performed experimental tests, their analysis, and their comparison with previous results
Aklouche, Omar. "Réduction des niveaux vibratoires d'un panneau au moyen de trous noirs acoustiques structurés en réseau périodique : conception d'une méta-plaque". Thesis, Le Mans, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LEMA1030/document.
Texto completoThe "Acoustic Black Hole" (ABH) is a passive device of reducing vibrations of structures without increasing their mass. It consists in a local thinning of the structure, coated with a thin layer of viscoelastic material. The ABH effect results from the local increase in vibratory magnitude, which strongly solicits the coating, giving rise to local significant damping. A detailed analysis of the mechanisms of dissipation of the ABH is carried out : the scattering of bending waves by an ABH is studied when the latter is inserted in an infinite thin plate. It is shown that the coating induces a significant local damping, allowing to significantly increase the global damping. The ABH is especially effective at high frequencies(HF), it is periodized on a plate to take advantage of the band gaps effect at low frequencies (LF). Two lattices (square and triangular) are studied numerically by the PWE method and experimentally by measuring vibratory mobilities. The results show that the plate is damped at the same time in LF by the lattice effect and in HF by the ABH effect
Cassagne, David. "Matériaux à bandes interdites photoniques". Montpellier 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON20053.
Texto completoJacquin, Olivier. "Étude de structures a bandes interdites photoniques unidimensionnelles". Grenoble INPG, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPG0142.
Texto completoBadr, El Din El Shaarawy Heba. "Structures électromagnétiques à bandes interdites pour des applications de filtre". Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00446721.
Texto completoBadr, El-Din Abdo El-Shaarawy Heba. "Structures électromagnétiques à bandes interdites pour des applications de filtres". Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/711/.
Texto completoThe increasing development of wireless applications turns out to new requirements for transceiver architectures that have to feature excellent microwave performances (linearity, spurious rejection, noise figure and bandwidth) and enhanced integration density that is achieved through the miniaturization of the modules as well as the introduction of multi standard functionalities. All these requirements translate to the need of filter circuits as miniaturized as possible and featuring the highest performance in term of insertion loss and rejection. Since the late 1980's, electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structures and defected ground structures (DGS) have attracted the interest of many researchers, due to their interesting properties in terms of size miniaturization, suppression of surface waves and arbitrary stopbands. Since then, they have been used in many applications like lowpass filters, bandpass filters, antennas, waveguides and others. Based on the interesting features proposed by EBG and DGSs, the main aim of this thesis is to achieve miniaturized reconfigurable filters that may serve in wireless communication systems. EBG structures are periodic structures which allow the propagation of electromagnetic waves in certain frequency bands and forbid them in other bands known as the "bandgap". The first step taken towards achieving the goal is to study the state of the art of bandgaps structures, their advantages, disadvantages, applications, and the most important achievements using such structures. Also, a one-dimensional multi-layer periodic structure is studied with two different analytical techniques, the Coupled-Wave Theory and the Bloch-Wave Formalism. Due to the many design parameters of EBG structures, and the difficulty in their modeling, DGS attracted the interest of many researchers as they have the main advantages proposed by EBG structures but by using only one or two cells, in addition, they are easier to model. So the next step in this thesis is to study the different modeling techniques of DGSs. The dumbbell shape DGS is modeled using the parallel LC, parallel RLC, the pi-equivalent circuit and others where a comparison between the different models is presented and a conclusion of which is the best suitable to be used in more complex designs. .
Hsiao, Fu-Li. "Propriétés acoustiques et optiques des structures périodiques à bandes interdites". Besançon, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BESA2026.
Texto completoThis thesis focuses on study of. . Acoustical and Optical proprieties of band gap of periodic structures". Concerning the optical properties of the band gap materials, we have demonstrated an enhancement of the reflectance of the artificial opal by coating Ag nanoparticles on the polymethymethacrylate microspheres to form a metallodielectric artificial opal. We studied the angle-resolved reflection spectra of the metallodielectric opals. By a suitable coating of Ag nanoparticles on the microspheres, the reflectance of opals is enhanced without changing the reflection wavelength. For the acoustical wave propagations, The complete band gaps and deaf bands of triangular and honeycomb water-steel ultrasonic crystals are investigated theoretically and experimentally. The measured transmission spectra reveal the existence of complete band gaps but also of deaf bands. Band gaps and deaf bands are identified by comparing band structure computations, with transmission simulations. The appearance of flat band bands and the polarization of the associated eigenmodes are analysed. Ln the last part devoted to waveguiding inside the complete band. The propagation of acoustic waves in a square-lattice phononic crystal slab consisting of a single layer of spherical steel beads in a solid epoxy matrix is studied experimentally. Waves are characterized on the slab surface by laser interferometry. A complete band gap band is found around 300 KHz, in good agreement with theoretical predictions. A line-defect waveguide was realized, and the weIl confined acoustic wave propagation inside a line-defect waveguide observed experimentally
Chevriaux, D. "Supratransmission et bistabilité nonlinéaire dansles milieux à bandes interdites photoniques et électroniques". Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00180987.
Texto completoGralak, Boris. "Etude théorique et numérique des propriétés des structures à bandes interdites photoniques". Aix-Marseille 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX30032.
Texto completoThis work is centered on the theoretical and numerical study of the photonic crystals properties. We consider, in an increasing order of complexity, the cases of 1D, 2D and 3D structures. We pay a detailed attention on the dispersion relations of the Bloch modes of the crystal. This relation indeed contains a great number of informations, not only in the field in the crystal (on the energy propagation for example), but it also makes it possible to understand and predict how is carried out the coupling, at the borders of a limited crystal, between the interior field and the exterior field. The exploitation of these properties enable us to predict, then to simulate numerically, some situations in which the photonic crystals behave like mediums of optical index lower than that of the vacuum (ultra-refraction), even of negative optical index. It is shown for example that it is possible to design micro-lenses whose dimensions and focal distance are a few tens of wavelengths. We worked out a numerical method partcularly adapted to the woodpile photonic crystals
Ourir, Abdelwaheb. "Applications de matériaux à bandes interdites photoniques et de métamatériaux en télécommunications". Paris 11, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA112249.
Texto completoChevriaux, Dominique. "Supratransmission et bistabilité nonlinéaire dans les milieux à bandes interdites photoniques et électroniques". Montpellier 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON20039.
Texto completoBrillat, Thierry. "Définition, réalisation et caractérisation de matériaux à bandes photoniques interdites reconfigurables en micro-ondes". Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100180.
Texto completoPureur, Vincent. "Modélisation et caractérisation de fibres à guidage par bandes interdites photoniques à coeur solide". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10003.
Texto completoThis thesis focuses both on theoretical and experimental studies of a new class of micro-structured optical fibers, called Solid Core Photonic BandGap Fibers (SC-PBGFs), for which PBGs originate from the 2D periodical arrangement of weak refractive index contrast inclusions in the cladding. After giving these fibers advantages, we work on the identification and the understanding of confinement losses mechanisms in such micro-structures in the case of straight and bent fibers. These investigations allow us to establish simple evolution trends ofthese losses versus their different opto-geometrical parameters, and underline a compromise to find between the losses of the straight and bent fiber. Moreover and for the first time, impact of transversal defects appearing during the fabrication process will be evaluated and discussed. This study shows notably that such defects can lead to a minimum confinement loss lower than the ideal structure, which leads us to define a new class of SC-PBGFs, called hybrid. A new double clad PBG structure is also proposed, for which an extra holey ring reduces the confinement losses of both the straight and bent fiber. This thesis lays out moreover an application of such all-solid fibers, thanks to the conception and characterization of an Ytterbium doped PBGF with a transverse single-mode laser emission around 977 nm. Finally, we present the experimental and theoretical studies of several birefringent solid-core photonic bandgap fibers
Pureur, Vincent. "Modélisation et caractérisation de fibres à guidage par bandes interdites photoniques à coeur solide". Thesis, Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10003/document.
Texto completoThis thesis focuses both on theoretical and experimental studies of a new class of micro-structured optical fibers, called Solid Core Photonic BandGap Fibers (SC-PBGFs), for which PBGs originate from the 2D periodical arrangement of weak refractive index contrast inclusions in the cladding. After giving these fibers advantages, we work on the identification and the understanding of confinement losses mechanisms in such micro-structures in the case of straight and bent fibers. These investigations allow us to establish simple evolution trends ofthese losses versus their different opto-geometrical parameters, and underline a compromise to find between the losses of the straight and bent fiber. Moreover and for the first time, impact of transversal defects appearing during the fabrication process will be evaluated and discussed. This study shows notably that such defects can lead to a minimum confinement loss lower than the ideal structure, which leads us to define a new class of SC-PBGFs, called hybrid. A new double clad PBG structure is also proposed, for which an extra holey ring reduces the confinement losses of both the straight and bent fiber. This thesis lays out moreover an application of such all-solid fibers, thanks to the conception and characterization of an Ytterbium doped PBGF with a transverse single-mode laser emission around 977 nm. Finally, we present the experimental and theoretical studies of several birefringent solid-core photonic bandgap fibers
Degraeve, Sébastien. "Cristaux phononiques accordables". Thesis, Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL10187/document.
Texto completoPhononic crystals allow obtaining unusual propagation properties of elastic waves and especially can exhibit absolute band gaps where waves are evanescent. Despite numerous potential applications, these structures suffer from a lack of adaptability which limits their functionalities. This PhD thesis deals with the integration of piezoelectric materials in phononic crystals in order to electrically tune band gaps after manufacture. The first proposed geometry consists of alternating layers of elastic and piezoelectric materials which are individually connected to an electrical capacitance. Analytical and numerical dispersion curves as well as experiments clearly show band gaps tuning by setting the value of the electrical capacitance. The control is however partial because only one of the two boundaries is affected. Exclusively piezoelectric phononic crystals allow the independent control of the two band gaps boundaries using two electrical capacitances. Analytical models have been verified numerically and experimentally. When piezoelectric layers are identical, one can note that this geometry presents band gaps due to periodic electrical condition, which is consequently a periodic discontinuity of the electric displacement. They are called “electric charge band gaps” and are subject to a Thales/CNRS patent
GADOT, FREDERIQUE. "Modelisation et caracterisation experimentale de materiaux a bandes interdites photoniques (bips) dans le domaine micro-ondes". Paris 11, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA112023.
Texto completoMassaoudi, Soumia. "Etude théorique et expérimentale des matériaux à bandes interdites photoniques bidimensionnels en micro-onde : application à l'ultraréfraction". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00178075.
Texto completoFilloux, Pascal. "Etude et réalisation de structures bidimensionnelles à bandes photoniques interdites pour le domaine optique et proche infrarouge". Paris 11, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA112254.
Texto completoA photonic crystal is a composite structure with periodically arranged materials at the wavelength scale. The periodicity allows the opening of photonic band gaps i. E. Frequency ranges for which light can not propagate in the structure, whatever its polarization or propagation direction. Two types of components, implementing two-dimensional photonic crystals, have been studied, for the optical telecommunication wavelengths between 1. 3 and 1. 55mM. Their modeling is carried out using the mathematical Rigorous Coupled-Wave Analysis (RCWA) method. The first component, for guided optics, is based on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrate. The two-dimensional photonic crystal is etched in the silicon film; diffraction gratings allow in and out coupling of light. Several substrates have been considered for which we have studied the propagation of guided waves. Then we have dimensioned the couplers and photonic crystal. To model these crystals, in integrated optics, we have used an approximate calculation based on the RCWA method which enables the determination of their optical properties with a good approximation. A second component has been studied and realized for diffractive optics. It is obtained by etching grooves through one or several layers of a one-dimensional stack. As all the layers are etched, the structures, having two directions of periodicity and being made out of three different materials, constitute non-classical 2D photonic crystals. We have shown the possibility to realize, with those structures, mirrors and filters, dispersive or not, polarizing or not. We have shown the feasibility of etching multilayer (silicon /silicon nitride) structures on membranes using a focused ion beam etching
Vanvincq, Olivier. "Etude théorique des propriétés optiques linéaires et non-linéaires des fibres à bandes interdites photoniques à coeur solide". Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00880192.
Texto completoROWSON, SEBASTIAN. "Materiaux a bandes photoniques interdites pour l'optique et les terahertz. Realisation a base de silicium, etude et caracterisation". Paris 11, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA112041.
Texto completoVanvincq, Olivier. "Étude théorique des propriétés optiques linéaires et non-linéaires des fibres à bandes interdites photoniques à coeur solide". Thesis, Lille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL10036/document.
Texto completoThis thesis concerns the linear properties of solid-core photonic bandgap fibers and the use of their specific properties for guided non-linear optics.Part I focuses on optical properties of the core mode whose guidance mechanism is related to the photonic bandgaps of the microstructured cladding. A numerical tool is developed for bandgap calculation using the plane wave expansion method with the dispersion taken into account. This tool was used for the design of a fiber which allows the photo-writing of a Bragg grating. Then, the stationary perturbation method is applied to the determination of the effective index of the allowed modes at long wavelengths and to the identification of linearly polarized modes towards which they evolve.In part II, the generalized non-linear Schrödinger equation is established. In the case of a tapered fiber, an extra-term appears in the equation allowing the exact conservation of the photons number. Then, the principles of the soliton red-shift and supercontinuum generation are recalled. The usual analytical expression of soliton self-frequency shift rate is extended to the case of short-duration solitons which play an important part in the dynamics of supercontinuum generation.Part III focuses on results obtained in nonlinear regime in solid-core photonic bandgap fibers. We show that the strong value of the third order dispersion term is the cause of the soliton self-frequency shift suppression near the bandgap edge without significant energy loss. Then, this suppression was used to tailor the spectral extent of the supercontinuum and to reduce pulse-to-pulse fluctuations
Lebihen, Thierry. "Proprietes optiques et magneto-optiques d'heterostructures a base de semi-conducteurs ii-vi semi-magnetiques a grandes bandes interdites". Paris 6, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA066647.
Texto completoMassaoudi, Soumia. "Etude théorique et expérimentale des matériaux à bandes interdites photoniques bidimensionnels (BIP 2D) en micro-ondes : application à l'ultraréfraction". Paris 11, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA112033.
Texto completoWe study the properties of two-dimensional dielectric and metallic photonic band gap materials at microwaves frequencies. We examine the ultrarefractivity and super prism effects between 6 GHz and 16 GHz. The numerical study is concentrated on finite and infinite two-dimensional structures. In the case of the finite structures we used a finite element software. For the infinite structures we used the the plane wave method. The experimental study are concentrated on the verification of the numerical predictions. We show that a dielectric photonic band gap material behaves like a homogeneous and isotropic medium in the first allowed frequencies band. At the edge of the forbidden band, we obtain the ultrarefractive effect. Then we study the effect of distribution of defects on the ultrarefraction properties in the dielectric structure, and we will show that the surface defects change the trajectory of the electromagnetic wave and allow the excitation of new electromagnetic modes. These properties may lead to an improvement of the antennas output and of the wavelength multiplexers. In the case of a metallic photonic band gap, we show numerically and by experiments that it behaves like a homogeneous medium whose effective index lies between 0 and 1 in its first allowed band. In its forbidden frequency band, we prove that the defects created on surface of metallic structures change the trajectory of electromagnetic wave and allow the excitation of new electromagnetic modes
Baz, Assaad. "Modélisation et réalisation de fibres à bandes interdites photoniques pour la génération et le transport des faisceaux laser puissants". Thesis, Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL10100/document.
Texto completoThese works concern the design and realization of micro-structured optical fibers, in particular, large mode area, active and passive, photonic bandgap fibers for high power laser beams generation and delivery. The first part of the work focused on the study of a new geometry of micro-structured fiber - so called "pixilated Bragg fiber" - in order to obtain a large, practically singlemode, core. For that geometry, the fiber is made singlemoded by optimizing the distances between the high index rings (Half wave stack condition). A first realization allowed to report a mode field diameter of 26μm measured at 1400nm wavelength in a passive fiber. The second aspect of this work included theoretical and experimental studies, of photonic bandgap fibers having a hetero-structured cladding. Specially designed resonators are added to the cladding of these fibers in order to eliminate higher order modes. Thus, 19μm to 65μm mode field diameters have been obtained in a singlemode regime at 1050nm wavelength for several passive fibers used in different bandgaps. An active fiber with hetero-structured cladding was also presented: the core was made of pure silica, ytterbium doped, synthesized using the Sol-Gel technique. The realized fiber allowed the observation of a laser emission with an efficiency of 62.5% and a mode field diameter of 36μm
Baz, Assaad. "Modélisation et réalisation de fibres à bandes interdites photoniques pour la génération et le transport des faisceaux laser puissants". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL10100.
Texto completoThese works concern the design and realization of micro-structured optical fibers, in particular, large mode area, active and passive, photonic bandgap fibers for high power laser beams generation and delivery. The first part of the work focused on the study of a new geometry of micro-structured fiber - so called "pixilated Bragg fiber" - in order to obtain a large, practically singlemode, core. For that geometry, the fiber is made singlemoded by optimizing the distances between the high index rings (Half wave stack condition). A first realization allowed to report a mode field diameter of 26μm measured at 1400nm wavelength in a passive fiber. The second aspect of this work included theoretical and experimental studies, of photonic bandgap fibers having a hetero-structured cladding. Specially designed resonators are added to the cladding of these fibers in order to eliminate higher order modes. Thus, 19μm to 65μm mode field diameters have been obtained in a singlemode regime at 1050nm wavelength for several passive fibers used in different bandgaps. An active fiber with hetero-structured cladding was also presented: the core was made of pure silica, ytterbium doped, synthesized using the Sol-Gel technique. The realized fiber allowed the observation of a laser emission with an efficiency of 62.5% and a mode field diameter of 36μm
Qasri, Bouayad Mfaddal. "Etude des intensités et du moment dipolaire effectif des bandes upsilon (2) et upsilon (4) du méthane". Dijon, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985DIJOS032.
Texto completoDu, Yu. "Etude et développement de matériaux micro/nano structurés pour l’ingénierie des bandes interdites dans les dispositifs électro-acoustiques à ondes de surface". Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ECLI0020/document.
Texto completoThis work concerns the study of micro/nano structured materials for the engineering of band structures in the field of elastic waves. We were interested in particular to the integration of these materials in electro-acoustic devices and the study of the interaction with the surface acoustic waves.The approach is to carry out the simulation using the finite element method to calculate the band structures and the transmission spectra. We studied the effect of geometrical and elastic parameters of micro-pillars on acoustic branches representing surface modes. Then we discussed the effect of the symmetry of the arrangement on the polarization of the surface modes. We also investigated the effect of the symmetry on the sensitivity of surface modes with the variation of temperature.Experimentally, we have developed interdigital transducers on a piezoelectric substrate of LiNbO3. We have fabricated various phononic crystals composed of nickel micro-pillars, obtained by electrodeposition. The transmission spectra were measured by a network analyzer and compared with the theoretical results.Besides the phononic crystals based on nickel pillars, some other periodic micro/nano structures were also involved in this work, such as two dimensional materials based on self-assembled magnetic nanoparticles and nickel nanowires electroplated through nano-porous alumina membranes
Bétourné, Aurélie. "Conception et caractérisation de nouvelles fibres optiques à cristal photonique dites hybrides et applications à l'optique non linéaire". Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL10170/document.
Texto completoThis thesis focuses both on theoretical and experimental studies of a recent class of Photonic Crystal Fibers (PCF): the solid-core PCF which guide light thanks to a Photonic BandGap (PBG) effect. The main goal of this work is then to better understand their propagation mechanisms (in order to improve their transmission properties) as well as to explore their potentials for non linear purposes. The study of these fibers (dispersion diagrams interpretation, emphasis of a scaling law and also of a light level of bend losses restrictive for their practical uses) leads us to develop a new kind of PCF for which wave guidance is a combination of PBG effect and more common Total Internal Reflexion (TIR). These fibers, called hybrid PCF, are made here by adding air holes in the all-solid structures previously studied. Particularly, two hybrid structures are proposed and fabricated, exhibiting a huge reduction of confinement and bend losses. Finally, we show that their unique disoersive properties enable to obtain a phase index matching between two fundamental modes (one is guided by PBG and the other by TIR) for second or third harmonic generation, and to effectively generate a supercontinuum for which the spectral broadening can be controlled by the opto-geometrical properties of the structure
Zong, Kun. "Etude de cristaux phononiques bidimensionnels à gradient de propriété. Application à la déviation de faisceaux acoustiques". Phd thesis, Université du Havre, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00858085.
Texto completoTalleb, Hakeim. "Contribution à l'étude de la modélisation électromagnétique des matériaux BIE chargés par des éléments localisés non linéraires actifs pour des applications de filtrages et de conceptions d'antennes". Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066414.
Texto completoBellanca, Gaetano. "Modelling and characterization of guiding micro-structured devices for integrated optics". Grenoble INPG, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPG0016.
Texto completoLn this thesis we show several modelling tools which are used to study nonlinear photonic band-gap structures and microcavities. First of aIl a nonlinear CMT and BPM were implemented to test the propagation of spatial solitons in a periodic device, composed by an array of parallel straight waveguides. Ln addition to noteworthy theoretical considerations, active functionalities are possible by exploiting these nonlinear regimes. Another algorithm was developed for the three-dimensional modelling of photonic cavities with cylindrical symmetry, such as microdisks. This method is validated by comparison with FDTD. We aIse show the opportunity to confine a field in a region of low refractive index lying in the centre of a silicon microdisk. High Q-factor and small mode volumes are achieved. Finally the characterization ofmicrodisks in SOI with Q-factor larger than 50000 is presented
Yehouessi, Jean-Paul. "Modélisation et caractérisation de fibres de Bragg pixélisées pour application aux lasers intenses". Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL10196/document.
Texto completoThis work concern the design and the realization of large mode area fiber applied to high power laser. The goal of these fibers are the carrying and the generation of powerful beam laser. Based on special laser family called : "Pixaleted Bragg Fiber" we introduced the innovative concept of double half wave stack conditions applied to the higher order mode to increase the losses of LP11, LP21, LP02 modes. The principle of heterostructuration has been applied in order to increase losses of high order modes using the sieve effect. We succeeded in realizing a fiber with a core diameter of 48 µm, allowing mode field diameter of 40 µm at the wavelength 1050 nm. In the second time, cladding’s geometry has been simplified. This new generation of fiber gives us access to mode field diameter from 47 µm to 69 µm in the case of all solid bandgap fiber. This last result is up to now the highest mode field diameter produced for all solid bandgap fibers
Timorian, Safiullah. "Investigation for the analysis of the vibrations of quasi-periodic structures". Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UBFCD002.
Texto completoIn this thesis, the definition and effects of quasi-periodicity in periodic structure are investigated. More importantly, the presence of irregularity in periodic structures and its significant impact in vibroacoustic responses of elastic systems are analyzed. In the extant literature, it has already shown that a sandwich panel, optimized for vibroacoustic performance with added random properties of the core, can exhibit stop band characteristics in some frequency ranges. Therefore, an additional target can exist in framing the abovementioned property under the Wave Finite Element Method (WFEM) for resulting in some design guideline. In this paper, (1) the numerical stud- ies of the vibrational analysis of 1D finite, periodic, and quasi-periodic beams are presented. The paper's content deals with the finite element models of beams focusing on spectral analysis and the damped forced responses. The quasi-periodicity is defined by invoking the Fibonacci sequence for building the assigned variations (geometry and material) along the span of the finite element model in one direction. Similarly, the same span is used as a super unit cell with WFEM for analyzing the infinite periodic systems. (2) The method of variation with a developed algorithm is also considered to find the most efficient geometrical impedance mismatch behavior of unit cells for vibration control. (3) Numerical studies and experimental measurements on 2D periodic and quasi-periodic lattices are thus performed. Experimental validations are performed by comparing the quasi-periodic lattice simulated by using WFEM modelling, with a prototype manufactured by laser machin- ing. Based on the major findings, and considering both longitudinal and flexural elastic waves in 1D beams, the frequency ranges corresponding to band gaps are investigated. In the 2D structures, the wave characteristics in the quasi-periodic lattice introduce the possibility of designing wider fre- quency stop bands in low frequency ranges, and presents some elements of novelty; moreover, they can be considered for designing structural filters and controlling the properties of elastic waves. The results obtained in this study show that the beam with Fibonacci characteristics and panels with Thue- Morse characteristics can improve performances in terms of attenuation level without weight penalty, which can be an asset for metamaterials
Kremer, David. "Sur des transitions Raman faiblement permises dans l’hexafluorure de soufre : spectroscopie de haute sensibilité de bandes harmoniques et induites". Angers, 2014. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01112199.
Texto completoOf all greenhouse gases (GHGs), carbon dioxide is definitely the most notorious to the wide public. Yet, there are GHGs present in much more tiny amounts in the Earth’s atmosphere, whose destructive power is substantial albeit less widely publicized. SF6 is a GHG considered as a dangerous pollutant of our atmosphere for that its global warming potential (GWP) amounts to about 24 000 times the GWP of CO2. Of anthropogenic origin, primarily owing to the industry of electrical insulators, the emissions of that gas are presently being increased at the alarming rate of 8% per year. These observations fully justify why sulfur hexafluoride currently tends to become a serious competitor of carbon dioxide and why its emissions are targeted in the Kyoto protocol. Here we present a study, both experimental and theoretical, of certain weakly-allowed Raman-scattering transitions related to gaseous SF6. These are either transitions in the isolated molecules or collision-induced transitions within pairs of molecules. Specifically, the overtones 2ν3 and 2ν5 of SF6 were studied, which both are Raman-active because of electrical or mechanical anharmonicity in the isolated molecule. This choice was prompted by the fact that ν3 and ν5 are the molecule’s most representative stretching and bending vibrations, respectively. It follows an experimental study of the collision-induced SF6−SF6 transition at the position of the ν3 vibration, as well as other transitions related to the isolated molecule. The high-sensitivity Raman equipment we have used and the stiff protocol we have followed regarding detection, acquisition, processing and analysis of spectra are part of a long experience and knowhow within a research group recognized for its capacity to capture and analyze extremely weak light signals
Pichard, Hélène. "Étude théorique d'ondes de volume, localisées et de surface dans les cristaux phononiques granulaires". Thesis, Le Mans, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LEMA1031/document.
Texto completoThis work is devoted to the analysis of propagating and surface acoustic waves in granular phononic crystals in thelinear regime. First, the propagation and localization of transversal-rotational waves in a two-dimensional granularchain of equal masses are analyzed. By considering the semi-infinite chain with a boundary condition applied at itsbeginning, the analytical study demonstrates the existence of localized modes, each mode composed of two evanescentmodes. Secondly, the phononic properties of a two-dimensional discrete phononic crystal, made of circular cross-section, infinitely long contacting elastic cylinders arranged on a simple cubic lattice, are described analytically. The theoretical analysis provides a clear physical explanation for the existence of a zero-group velocity point of the lowest-energy acoustic mode in particular directions of the phononic crystal and demonstrates the birefraction phenomenon. Finally, the existence of surfaces elastic waves at mechanically free surface of granular phononic crystals is presented. Depending on the degrees of freedom of the particles, different types of surface waves exist in the structure. First, Rayleigh type surface waves aredemonstrated in a granular phononic crystal with particles possessing two translational and one rotational degrees offreedom; and secondly, shear-horizontal surface waves are studied in a granular phononic crystal with particlespossessing two rotational and one translational degrees of freedom. A comparison with surface waves predicted by theCosserat theories is made in order to establish the limitations of the Cosserat theories
Renversez, G. "Contribution à l'étude des fibres optiques microstructurées : méthodes numériques et résultats physiques". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00471207.
Texto completoAl, lethawe Mohammed abdulridha. "Band gaps and waveguiding of surface acoustic waves in pillars-based phononics crystals". Thesis, Besançon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BESA2057.
Texto completo[...] We present the features of the interaction between surface acoustic wave and locally resonant pillar on the top of demi infinite medium. We shown that the photonic crystal we proposed possess an acoustic metamaterial feature for surface acoustic waves in the manner that pillars on the top of the surface introduce new guide modes in the non radiative region of the substrate outside sound cone. We also demonstrate the these guided modes are resonant modes that have frequencies greatly lower than those expected from the Bragg mechanism. […]
Nautet, Vincent. "Etude des méthodes de calcul du rayonnement acoustique des structures à partir des données vibratoires : Application aux antennes des sous-marins". Compiègne, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998COMP1104.
Texto completoSaint-Jalm, Sarah. "Sources optiques fibrées solitoniques pour la spectroscopie et la microscopie non linéaires". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM4353/document.
Texto completoOne of the issues that has to be overcome to realize a nonlinear endoscope for biomedical applications is the propagation of ultra-short pulses in an optical fiber. Nonlinear processes require high peak powers in the focal volume in order to generate observable signals, so the pulses should be as short as possible. This makes them sensitive to the dispersion and nonlinearities of the fibers. Most of the existing techniques of ultra-short pulses fiber-delivery rely on complex pre-compensation systems to counteract these effects. In this work, we explore the possibilities offered by the generation of high-energy solitons in a custom-built solid-core photonic bandgap fiber, for nonlinear microscopy and spectroscopy. Optical solitons preserve their shape when they propagate in a fiber, and their duration remains close to the minimum value physically allowed by their bandwidth, without the need of any pre-compensation. Moreover, the wavelength and delay of the soliton can be tuned by changing the power at the input of the fiber. Several soliton-based light sources were designed and realized, generating contrast in the most prevalent nonlinear microscopy modalities. TPEF and SHG images of biological samples were first realized by taking advantage of the short duration of the solitons. By controlling the delay of the soliton, transient absorption measurements were then realized in a pump-probe configuration. Finally, the wavelength tunability of the soliton was used to generate the Stokes beam in a CRS setup based on the spectral focusing technique. The capabilities of this scheme were demonstrated by performing CRS microspectroscopy to monitor a chemical equilibrium
Pernot, Gilles. "Identification de propriétés thermiques et spectroscopie térahertz de nanostructures par thermoréflectance pompe-sonde asynchrone : application à l'étude du transport des phonons dans les super-réseaux". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR13997/document.
Texto completoThe work presented in this thesis deals with identification and control of the thermal and acoustic properties of high thermoelectric potential nanostructures called “superlattices”. This thesis is divided in three parts: The first part gives a theoretical description of thermal diffusion in insulating and semiconducting materials. We first broach the atomic description then the macroscopic view using the Thermal Quadrupole model. The end of this chapter deals with acoustic and thermal properties specific to superlattices. The second part describes and compares synchronous and asynchronous thermoreflectance techniques used to extract thermal properties of thin films and superlattices. We find that for the synchronous case signals are subject to artifacts which confound parameter estimations. For the asynchronous case, we find that lack of a mechanical translation stage removes these artifacts. We then investigate the sensitivity functions, and finally validate our identification method by estimation of the thermal conductivity of a SiO2 thin film. The third part presents the results of thermal parameter identification in SiGe superlattices. We show that thermal interfaces play a major role to in the overall thermal conductivity. We also study superlattices with Ge nanodots and show that for such structures we are able to obtain thermal conductivity values near the amorphous values. Moreover, the linear behavior of the thermal conductivity with period thickness shows that it is possible to control this value. Finally, we use Thermoreflectance to perform THz coherent phonon spectroscopy of superlattices, revealing the spectral selectivity of these nanostructures
Duro, Vincent. "Caractérisation acoustique d'un sillage engendré par un navire de surface : propagation d'une onde acoustique dans un mélange eau/bulles d'air". Le Havre, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LEHA0019.
Texto completoThis work is devoted to the acoustical characterization of ship wake. In a laboratory, wake reduces to bubbly water medium. The influence of bubbles on the propagation of a transmitted acoustical wave is studied. Sound attenuation and phase speed measurements permit to determine the bubble radius and the bubble density. Thanks to the theoretical studies of acoustical scattering by a single air bubble in water, a relationship between bubble radius and their resonance at low frequency is established. Next, from the Foldy relationship giving an effective wavenumber characterizing the acoustical propagation in bubbly water, attenuation change and phase speed change are observed around bubble resonance frequency. The values of these changes increase with the bubble density increasing. Additionally, an optical measurement method investigated simultaneously provides results in good agreement with the ones due to the method of acoustical measurements. This work achieves by the presentation of results obtained during prospective experiments. In fact, this section shows the results of non-linear acoustical propagation and gap-band effects in relation with bubbly water
Zheng, Tianyu. "Periodic SIW lines with degenerate band edge for the excitation of giant resonances". Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2020. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=http://theses-intra.upmc.fr/modules/resources/download/theses/2020SORUS087.pdf.
Texto completoIn this thesis, we describe the synthesis of periodic substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) supporting degenerate band edge (DBE) points. The DBE point is a special fourth-order degenerate point encountered at the edge of the stopband in a periodic structure, which leads to field enhancement and high-Q resonances. The choice of SIW technology can lead to the use of the DBE concept in microwave and mm-wave integrated circuits, given the easy fabrication, low profile and low-cost features of this technology. Applications of this concept will be oscillators having low threshold currents and being robust to external loading, and sensors with high directivity and sensitivity. Conditions for the design of a unit cell providing a DBE point are given after an analysis of several kinds of unit cells. Based on these guidelines, several SIWs-DBE designs are presented. The influence of losses, of geometrical perturbations, and of truncation are considered. Typical DBE characteristics, such as field enhancement and a steep increase of Q factor and group delay vs. the number of cells in a truncated resonator are observed in lossless and lossy situations. Feeding transitions are designed to feed the SIWs-DBE lines and to perform measurements which fully validate the theoretical analyses. Finally, the design procedure is also applied to a multilayer integrated waveguide, particularly suitable for integrated millimeter-wave applications, showing the versatility of the proposed methodology
Wang, TingTing. "Acoustic / elastic wave propagation in coupled-resonator waveguides". Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UBFCD061.
Texto completoWhen a defect is introduced into a phononic crystal, states localized at the defect appear in the band gaps. They decay rapidly far away from the defect. Therefore, it is possible to localize and guide wave propagation by designing defects in the perfect phononic crystal. Coupled-resonator waveguides based on the coupling effect between a sequence of defect cavities have simultaneously strong wave confinement and low group velocity, and can be used to design rather arbitrary circuits. Furthermore, the propagation of elastic waves in a solid matrix can be controlled through changing fluid fillings based on fluid-solid interaction. Thus, they have essential applications in vibration reduction and noise isolation. In this thesis, the acoustic and elastic waves propagating in both periodic and aperiodic coupled-resonator waveguides are investigated. The fluid-solid interaction in fluid/solid phononic crystals is studied. The work is conducted by combining numerical simulations, theoretical model analysis and experimental investigations
Blanche, Antoine. "Effets dissipatifs en fatigue à grand et très grand nombre de cycles". Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00784772.
Texto completoManneville, Sebastien. "Etude locale de fluides complexes hors d'équilibre". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00526293.
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