Literatura académica sobre el tema "B. Pavyer"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "B. Pavyer"
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Contreras-Llanes, Manuel, Manuel Jesús Gázquez y Maximina Romero. "Eco-Friendly Pavements Manufactured from Mixed Recycled Aggregates Obtained from Construction and Demolition Waste: An Industrial-Scale Validation". Materials 16, n.º 24 (7 de diciembre de 2023): 7544. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16247544.
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This study aimed to validate that laboratory-scale results could be commercially replicated when manufacturing marketable precast concrete. Construction and demolition waste (CDW) was separated into two (fine and coarse) recycled aggregates (RAs). Precast paver and kerb units were fabricated by partial or total substitution of natural aggregates (NAs) by RAs. The study involved the comprehensive characterisation of raw materials, including particle size distribution, mineral composition, and elemental composition. Paver blocks and kerbs manufactured with up to 50% RAs showed mechanical resistance (T = 3.7 ± 0.2 and B = 5.3 ± 0.6 MPa, respectively), water absorption between 5.3–5.7%, and abrasion resistance (approximately 20.2 mm), which met the standard requirements (UNE-EN 1340:2004 and UNE-EN 1338:2004). Furthermore, industrial-scale precast pavement units demonstrated strength and durability suitable for heavy traffic areas. A reduction of 13% in cement content could maintain the requirements with a partial RA substitution of 25%, offering economic and environmental benefits. Therefore, it is feasible at an industrial level to replace NAs with RAs, promoting durability and technological properties with a positive environmental impact and considerably reducing CO2 emissions by up to 65%. Overall, pavers with RAs manufactured at the laboratory scale met mechanical standards, and the kerb stones showed improvements in abrasion resistance. On an industrial scale, kerb stones and precast blocks with specific substitutions can meet strength, water absorption, and abrasion requirements, allowing a reduction in cement content.
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Knight, Athelia. "He Paved the Way for T. O. B. A." Black Perspective in Music 15, n.º 2 (1987): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1214675.
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Lončarić, Mijo. "Buzetski dijalekt i kajkavština ". Kaj 54, n.º 3-4 (15 de diciembre de 2021): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.32004/k.54.3-4.3.
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Buzetski je dijalekt jedan je od šest čakavskih dijalekata, kako uzimamo od Brozovićeve klasifikacije čakavskoga narječja 1970. Danas se upotrebljavaju i nazivi gornjomiranski (Pliško) te buzetsko-gornjomiranski dijalekt. Dobro je istražen i poznat. Uvodno se osvrćem na povijest istraživanja, kada se i zašto govorilo o buzetskoj kajkavštini (Aleksandar Belić, Mieczysław Małecki,. Fran Ramovš i Tine Logar, Josip Ribarić, Mate Hraste, Pavle Ivić, Dalibor Brozović, Božidar Finka, Petar Šimunović, Silvana Vranić i dr.). Prvi je termin 'buzetski dijalekt' u značenju u kojem se i u suvremenoj literaturi percipira upotrijebio Dalibor Brozović (1970.). Ranije su buzetski govori tretirani kao spoj čakavskoga narječja i slovenskoga jezika, kajkavskoga i čakavskoga narječja ili kao dio ekavskoga čakavskoga dijalekta. Razlikuju se dva poddijalekta, sjevernoistočni većinski i jugozapadni manjinski. Na sjeveru je veći utjecaj slovenskoga jezika, više je slovenskih značajki, a na jugu je više čakavskih karakteristika. U glavnom dijelu priloga analiziraju se osobine posebno u odnosu na kajkavsko narječje.
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Ball, Philip. "In search of sentience The Sentient Cell: The Cellular Foundations of Consciousness Arthur S. Reber, František Baluška, William B. Miller Jr. Oxford University Press, 2024. 288 pp." Science 383, n.º 6688 (15 de marzo de 2024): 1186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.ado0065.
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Merola, Nicole M. ""for terror of the deadness beyond": Arctic Environments and Inhuman Ecologies in Michelle Paver’s Dark Matter // "por terror a lo inerte más allá": Entornos árticos y ecologías inhumanas en La materia oscura de Michelle Paver". Ecozon@: European Journal of Literature, Culture and Environment 5, n.º 2 (28 de agosto de 2014): 23–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37536/ecozona.2014.5.2.611.
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In this essay I examine Michelle Paver’s 2010 novel Dark Matter, a ghost story, for how her use of the gothic and horror contributes to undermining pastoral and romantic fantasies about the Arctic. Drawing on the history of whale, walrus, and seal hunting in Svalbard, the site of the novel’s 1937 scientific expedition, and my own experience there, I look at the tension Paver creates between the beauty of the Svalbard environment and its long history as a location for human violence against nonhuman animals. I suggest that, through the figure of the gengånger, or “one who walks again,” and the built environment and relics in Svalbard, Paver works to transmit both the violence of harvesting marine mammals and the violence men perpetrate against each other in the name of resource extraction. In this essay I engage in dialogue with recent environmental humanities work on ecophobia, dark ecologies, and the ecocritical uses of fear, and argue for the consideration of the ghost story, a genre little studied by ecocritics. Through highlighting the novel’s focus on violence linked to extractive practices, I suggest, finally, that Dark Matter performs two important functions: it records past inhuman ecologies and it opens out onto a reading of contemporary Arctic geopolitics. Resumen Este ensayo analiza cómo el uso de narrativas góticas y de terror en la novela de Michelle Paver Dark Matter (La materia oscura, 2010), un cuento de fantasmas, debilita las fantasías bucólicas y románticas del Ártico. Recurriendo a la historia de la caza de ballenas, morsas y focas en Svalbard, el emplazamiento de la expedición científica de 1937 de la novela, así como mi propia experiencia allí, analizo la tensión creada por Paver entre la belleza del medio ambiente de Svalbard y su larga historia como lugar de violencia humana contra animales no-humano. Sugiero que, a través de la figura del gengänger, o “el que anda otra vez,” las reliquias y el medio ambiente construido de Svalbard, Paver intenta transmitir tanto la violencia de la cosecha y comercio de mamíferos marinos como la que perpetúan los hombres contra sí mismos en nombre de la extracción de recursos. En este ensayo entro en dialogo con el trabajo reciente de las humanidades medioambientales sobre la ecofobia, las ecologías oscuras, y el uso del miedo en la ecocrítica, y propongo el estudio del cuento de fantasmas, un género que ha recibido poca atención de los ecocríticos. Al destacar el foco de la novela sobre la violencia relacionada con las prácticas de extracción, sugiero, finalmente, que Dark Matter, tiene dos funciones importantes: graba ecologías inhumanas del pasado y abre una lectura de la geopolítica del Ártico contemporánea.
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Caan, Woody. "Bush plans to screen whole US population for mental illness: Is road of initiative paved with good intentions?" BMJ 329, n.º 7460 (29 de julio de 2004): 292.3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.329.7460.292-b.
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Steinbach, Alexander y Peter Rott. "Paving Low-Temperature Asphalt on the B 169 Highway Near Heyda". ACC JOURNAL 30, n.º 1 (1 de marzo de 2024): 7–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acc-2024-0001.
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Abstract Research into lowering the temperature during the production and installation of hot asphalt has been going on for a long time. In addition to developing appropriate recipes, it is important to gain experience, particularly in asphalt paving technology, since in addition to the behavior of the different asphalt mixtures during their compaction, external factors such as the location of the project and weather conditions also play an important role. The testing of the low-temperature asphalt on the federal highway B 169 was carried out successfully. Due to the high pre-compaction by the paver screed, the required compaction values were achieved on the binder course with 4 rolling passes and on the surface course with 3 rolling passes. The viscosity-changing additives and the selected rolling technology had a positive influence on the results. However, precise measurement results for compaction could not be achieved using the PQI probe.
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Barannikov, Aleksandr Grigor’evich y Sergey Sergeevich Potapov. "Pavel Ivanovich Kutyukhin (1899–1962) and former kutyukhinite (now kumtyubeite)". NEWS of the Ural State Mining University, n.º 2 (15 de junio de 2023): 180–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.21440/2307-2091-2023-2-180-186.
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Pavel Ivanovich Kutyukhin, a prominent specialist in geology and mineralogy of gold, rare metal and tungsten deposits of the Urals. For about 15 years he headed the departments of exploration and geology of ore deposits of the Geological Exploration Faculty at the Sverdlovsk Mining Institute. In honor of Pavel Ivanovich, a new mineral was named – kutyukhinite, calcium fluorosilicate, which was discovered by B. V. Chesnokov in the burnt dumps of the Chelyabinsk coal basin. The International Mineralogical Association did not approve it as a new mineral species, and recently a natural analogue, kumtyubeite, was found in the North Caucasus.
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Peshkov, Igor. "BAKHTIN QUESTION. THE SECOND ARTICLE: PAVEL NIKOLAEVICH MEDVEDEV". Literaturovedcheskii Zhurnal, n.º 2 (2022): 89–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.31249/litzhur/2022.56.06.
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In the article a short biography of Pavel Nikolaevich Medvedev is demonstrated from the standpoint of his participation in Bakhtin’s circle and his publications under his own name a number of Bakhtin’s works, begun by the methodological article “Scientific Salierism” (1925), continued with reviews of the books of V. Shklovsky and B. Tomashevsky, a detailed replica “Sociologism without sociology” on the occasion of P.N. Sakulin’s monograph “Sociological method in literary criticism” (1925) and brought to great methodological clarity by the book “The Formal Method in Literary Criticism. A Critical Introduction to Sociological Poetics” (1928). The Medvedev’s management has been emphasized in the publication of these works, as well as the books “Freudianism. A Critical Sketch” (1927), “Marxism and the Philosophy of Language. Fundamental Problems of the Sociological Method in the Science of Language” (1929) and the several articles and reviews published under the title authorship of Voloshinov, and the book under the clear authorship of Bakhtin “Problems of Dostoevsky’s Creation” (1929). The mediating role of Medvedev between the authorities and the intelligentsia in Vitebsk and Leningrad in the 1920 s - 1930 s is presented.
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Sujiartono, Ari y Sri Wiwoho Mudjanarko. "Characteristics Analysis of Modification Asbuton Granular B 50/30 With Asphalt Pen 60/70". SPIRIT OF SOCIETY JOURNAL 6, n.º 1 (30 de septiembre de 2022): 62–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.29138/scj.v6i1.1732.
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In the framework of handling the bending pavement road, natural materials in the form of asphalt as a binding material in a hot paved blend are needed. One of the abundant natural asphaltic that has not been used to its fullest is Asbuton. The government through the Ministry of Public Works which is currently transformed into the Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing has issued Public Works Regulation No. 35 of 2006 on Increasing the Utilization of Buton Asphalt for Road Maintenance and Development. Because various things that cause permission to use 100% Asbuton in hot paved blends can not be issued, the use of Asbuton is still limited to improving the quality of asphalt Pen 60/70. This research aims to obtain an optimal composition in the use of Asbuton using the type of Asbuton Grain B 50/30. It is hoped that the results of the research can be an additional reference for Asbuton producers as well as a new insight for civil engineering students who explore the path of bending pavement. The results showed that Asbuton Granular B 50/30 can be used in improving the quality of Asphalt Pen 60/70 with an optimal composition of 25% Asbuton Granular B 50/30 and 75% Asphalt Pen 60/70.
Tesis sobre el tema "B. Pavyer"
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Adam, Christian [Verfasser], Ralph [Gutachter] Neuhäuser, Ernst [Gutachter] Paunzen y Pavel [Gutachter] Kroupa. "The multiplicity of intermediate and high-mass B-type stars in the near infrared = Die Multiplizität mittelschwerer und massereicher B-Sterne im Nahen Infrarot / Christian Adam ; Gutachter: Ralph Neuhäuser, Ernst Paunzen, Pavel Kroupa". Jena : Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1177598426/34.
Texto completoLibros sobre el tema "B. Pavyer"
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Ascher, Abraham. Pavel Axelrod and the Development of Menshevism. Harvard University Press, 2013.
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Russkiĭ Gamlet (S. A. Poroshin. A. B. Kurakin. Velikiĭ kni︠a︡zʹ Pavel Petrovich). Moskva: Fond Sergei︠a︡ Dubova. Rita-Print, 2004.
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Kristjánsson, Kristján. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198809678.003.0001.
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Chapter 1 paves the way for the discussion of the nature and moral salience of individual virtuous emotions in subsequent chapters by (a) explaining and defending an Aristotelian componential view of what an emotion is; (b) addressing the distinction between ‘virtuous emotions’ and ‘emotion(al) virtues’; and (c) explaining the salience, in an Aristotelian system, of emotion education. The author explains the debates that rage on these issues and takes a stand on them. Most importantly, Aristotelian emotions have a cognitive core. It is this cognitive core that underlies the assumption of responsibility for emotions, for we can typically be held accountable for, and evaluated morally with respect to, the content of our cognitions—unless those are the results of indoctrination or brainwashing. In general, this chapter paves the way for the discussion of the moral epistemology of virtuous emotions in Chapter 2, and the analysis of specific emotions to follow, by setting the discussion in the context of a general Aristotelian position on what emotions are correctly understood to be, psychologically and conceptually.
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Mallet, Christophe y Alain Eschalier. The rediscovery of paracetamol. Editado por Paul Farquhar-Smith, Pierre Beaulieu y Sian Jagger. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198834359.003.0004.
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The chapter describes experiments performed by Bernard B. Brodie and Julius Axelrod in an article published in 1948 and entitled ‘The fate of acetanilide in man’. This was an important breakthrough in the history of paracetamol (acetaminophen), which was synthesized in 1878 but only clinically used in 1955. We highlight how this article historically catalysed the rehabilitation (also called ‘the rediscovery’) of this popular over-the-counter painkiller. Demonstrating that paracetamol was the key active metabolite of acetanilide (an antipyretic/analgesic used at that time), and discarding the false idea that paracetamol causes methaemoglobinaemia, Brodie and Axelrod paved the way for this molecule to become nowadays the most sold analgesic worldwide, one which is still the subject of scientific publications.
Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "B. Pavyer"
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Vigna, Benedetto, Fabio Pasolini, Roberto de Nuccio, Macro Capovilla, Luciano Prandi y Fabio Biganzoli. "Low Cost Silicon Coriolis’ Gyroscope Paves the Way to Consumer IMU". En NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B: Physics and Biophysics, 67–74. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3807-4_5.
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"A Migrant in the Common European House: Pavel Baev". En Evidence-Based Approaches to Peace and Conflict Studies, 433–54. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4717-8_21.
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Abstract“The beginning of the Brezhnev era was full of hope, full of expectations.” The adult life story of Pavel Baev (b. 1959) began with a privileged education in 1980s Moscow. In this interview, he recounts his experience with Mikael Gorbachev’s reforms, the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 and the dissolution of the Soviet Union. His research for Gorbachev’s “European House” brought him to Oslo, where he became PRIO’s main expert on Russia.
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"127 Non-REM-Parasomnien: Somnambulismus, Pavor nocturnus, verwirrtes Erwachen". En Referenz Psychische Störungen, editado por Michael Bauer, Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg, Falk Kiefer y Alexandra Philipsen. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/b-0041-181972.
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Hohlfeld, Reinhard y Hartmut Wekerle. "The immunopathogenesis of Myasthenia gravis". En Myasthenia gravis And myasthenic disorders, 87–110. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195129700.003.0004.
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Abstract The discovery of the autoimmune origin of myasthenia gravis (MG) in the 1970s and the realization that the disease represents an autoimmune response to a well-characterized autoantigen, the acetylcholine receptor (AChR), had two major consequences. First, it paved the way for dissecting the mechanism of the autoimmune response in MG, and second, it es-tablished MG as a disease of humans in which the general principles of autoimmunity can be investigated. Central to the autoimmune response in MG are the roles played by the thymus gland and by B cells and T cells.
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Vanditha, Mohan, Sonu Das y Mathew John. "Lipid Metabolism and Associated Molecular Signaling Events in Autoimmune Disease". En Fatty Acids - Recent Advances [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.105746.
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Lipid metabolism, when dysregulated paves the way to many autoimmune disease conditions. One such recently explored mechanism was that of Liver X receptor (LXR) signaling which acts as a molecular link between lipid metabolism and inflammation. LXR plays a critical role in coupling immune cell lipid homeostasis with systemic immune responses. In this chapter, we will discuss how an altered lipid metabolite environment causes inflammation signaling via LXR-mediated molecular events which could lead to autoimmune disease. In a hyperlipidemic environment, Interferon regulatory factor 3(IRF3) mediated downregulation of LXR signaling in innate immune cells leading to an inflammatory auto-immune response. Meanwhile, dendritic cell-mediated cytokine generation amidst LXR downregulation leads to the differentiation of autoreactive T cells and B cells, conferring an autoimmune response. Recent advances in the therapeutic management of autoimmune diseases target specific metabolic events as a strategy to limit inflammation and the autoimmune outcome. Novel treatment regimes in autoimmune diseases featuring lipid metabolic pathways are also discussed.
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Petrova, Alina, John Armour y Thomas Lukasiewicz. "Extracting Outcomes from Appellate Decisions in US State Courts". En Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications. IOS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/faia200857.
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Predicting the outcome of a legal process has recently gained considerable research attention. Numerous attempts have been made to predict the exact outcome, judgment, charge, and fines of a case given the textual description of its facts and metadata. However, most of the effort has been focused on Chinese and European law, for which there exist annotated datasets. In this paper, we introduce CASELAW4 — a new dataset of 350k common law judicial decisions from the U.S. Caselaw Access Project, of which 250k have been automatically annotated with binary outcome labels of AFFIRM or REVERSE by our hybrid learning system. To our knowledge, it is the first attempt to perform outcome extraction (a) on such a large volume of English-language judicial opinions, (b) on the Caselaw Access Project data, and (c) on US State Courts of Appeal cases, and it paves the way to large-scale outcome prediction and advanced legal analytics using U.S. Case Law. We set up baseline results for the outcome extraction task on the new dataset, achieving an F-measure of 82.32%.
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Brevard, Lisa Pertillar. "The Gospel According to Madame E. Azalia Smith Hackley". En Activism in the Name of God, 138–63. University Press of Mississippi, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496845672.003.0006.
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This chapter traces Madame E. Azalia Hackley’s faith and reliance upon Biblical scripture and Jesus’ teachings as the engine propelling her activities as a singer and social activist. A self-described “race musical missionary,” her goal was to uplift fellow African Americans by creating temporary community choirs to dignify and preserve the traditional Black spiritual, which had become largely ridiculed in American popular culture. A classically trained pianist and soprano and member of W. E. B. Du Bois’s Talented Tenth, who believed that the most desperate classes of African Americans exhibited the most natural musical talents worthy of development, Madame Hackley nevertheless “cast down her bucket” wherever her travels by train and steamship took her. The singer’s articulation of faith, combined with everyday strategies for success, enabled her to reach primarily Baptist African American communities; inspire her contemporaries; and pave the way for the next generation of African American classical musicians.
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Bakke, Nils Arne, Jens Barland y Arild Fetveit. "Business Model Transformation of Legacy Newspapers in The Age of The Digital Attention Economy". En Ledelse av mennesker i det nye arbeidslivet, 19–52. Cappelen Damm Akademisk/NOASP, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23865/noasp.118.ch1.
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This chapter explores ways in which legacy newspapers may transform their business and operational models to ensure profitability and protect journalistic ideals. This transformation is explored through the lens of Norwegian media company Amedia, an early innovator. Our analysis sheds light on the ways in which the industry has come to understand the digital attention economy as defined through key innovations initiated by Google and Facebook. At Amedia, these innovations paved the way for a major corporate turnaround in which data harvesting and AI play major roles. The turnaround is still ongoing after seven years, but preliminary conclusions can be drawn. Within an ecological view of organizational adaption, this chapter proposes six theses about design requirements and transformation for legacy newspapers and concludes with four key findings: a) survivability will be difficult without the implementation of a new AI-operational model and business model built on software, b) a space is emerging that supports profitable quality journalism with strong commitments to veracity and fairness, c) most outlets still need advertising revenue to achieve profitability, and d) roles and skill-sets of top managers and journalists are undergoing major changes.
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Winford, Brandon K. "Urban Renewal and the Prospects of a Free and Open Society". En John Hervey Wheeler, Black Banking, and the Economic Struggle for Civil Rights, 202–43. University Press of Kentucky, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5810/kentucky/9780813178257.003.0007.
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Chapter 6 demonstrates the limitations of “black business activism” during the 1960s while focusing on urban renewal in Durham, North Carolina. Durham’s urban renewal program began in 1958, as a consequence of the Housing Act of 1954 and the state’s fledgling Research Triangle Park (RTP) initiative. The urban renewal program paved the way for an infrastructure that ultimately provided linkages in the physical landscape between RTP, the University of North Carolina, Duke University, North Carolina Central University, and North Carolina State University. Wheeler became the lone black member on the Durham Redevelopment Commission, the group responsible for administering the Bull City’s urban renewal program. I argue that, in part, Wheeler’s support for the federally funded urban redevelopment program fit within his own framework of how best to implement the gains already being won by the civil rights movement. The chapter also examines the “War on Poverty” in North Carolina in the context of Lyndon B. Johnson’s Great Society. It does so through trying to better understand Wheeler’s involvement with the North Carolina Fund (NC Fund), an antipoverty agency created by Governor Terry Sanford in 1963. The Fund became the model for President Johnson’s national reform agenda.
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Oliver Mnisi, Bhila, Evans Moseti Benecha y Meriam Malebo Tibane. "Computational Study of A15 Ru-Based Alloys for High-Temperature Structural Applications". En Ruthenium - An Element Loved by Researchers. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96578.
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The structural, magnetic, electronic and elastic properties of A15 X3Ru (X = Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn) binary alloys are investigated using first-principles density functional theory (DFT) methods. Ru-based alloys have attracted remarkable research interest due to their unique properties, which make them suitable for high-temperature structural applications. In this chapter, the properties of several A15 Ru-based alloys are investigated in order to select the best suitable alloy/s for aerospace application. Heats of formation are calculated to determine the thermodynamic stability of the materials. Knowledge of the values of elastic constants is essential for understanding the mechanical properties of the materials. From our calculated elastic constants, the bulk modulus, shear modulus, Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio, melting temperature, anisotropic factor and the ratio B/G are determined. The electronic density of states are calculated and discussed. Lastly, the magnetic properties of A15 X3Ru alloys are studied. Thermodynamically stable Mn3Ru possesses high-magnetic moment compared to other X3Ru alloys, these results could pave way to experimental realization (synthesis) of Mn3Ru material.
Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "B. Pavyer"
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Cederbladh, Mathilda, August Dahlberg, Stavros Vouros, Konstantinos Kyprianidis, Costanza Saletti y Mirko Morini. "Optimal indoor temperature flexibility for thermal peak shaving in buildings connected to the district heating network". En 64th International Conference of Scandinavian Simulation Society, SIMS 2023 Västerås, Sweden, September 25-28, 2023. Linköping University Electronic Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/ecp200014.
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Buildings are currently non optimally controlled, using a weather compensation controller that depends only on external temperature. A rich amount of real-time data is available and can be used for better control. This work is focused on developing a general and dynamic model for utilizing the building as an energy storage for a peak-shaving control strategy.A dynamic grey-box model is developed using industry standard operators’ data from a multifamily building, Building A, located in Västerås, Sweden. The training period is set to 408 hours, and the prediction horizon to 48 hours. The model is verified in 4 steps: prediction ability on the historic data, parametric verification on the time constant, simulation of heat supply separated from the historic data and model generality by implementing the model on a second multifamily building, Building B. The modelling errors over a two-month simulated period are 8% for Building A and 9% for Building B. To demonstrate the utilization possibilities, an optimizer is constructed to evaluate a peak shaving control strategy. Different flexibilities for the indoor temperature have been examined yielding heat load peak shaving between 30 to 45%. Flexibility paves the way for improvement in pricing models for the heating sector. This work demonstrates the potential for utilizing building heat storage capacity to reduce peak consumption and costs.
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McCandless, Max, Frank Julia Wise y Sheila Russo. "A Soft Continuum Robot with Multi-Modal Shape and Contact Force Sensing for Minimally Invasive Surgery". En THE HAMLYN SYMPOSIUM ON MEDICAL ROBOTICS. The Hamlyn Centre, Imperial College London London, UK, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31256/hsmr2023.46.
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Minimally invasive surgery (MIS), e.g., interventional endoscopy and single-incision laparoscopy, has paved the way toward increased patient safety, fewer postop- erative complications, and shorter recovery times [1]. The inherent compliant nature of soft robots makes them suitable for addressing current limitations in MIS, such as the lack of dexterity of rigid robotic devices; however, soft robots often lack adequate shape and contact sensing which makes them difficult to control [2], [3]. The future of laparoscopic surgical tools is moving toward flexible and soft robotic solutions for safer interaction with hu- man tissue [4]. However, newly developed technologies lack effective embedded sensing [5]. This work presents a fully soft robot combining i) a soft optical sensorized multi-modal gripper for tip tracking and contact force sensing with ii) a multi-directional bending module with integrated 3D shape sensing (Fig. 1, a-b). The gripper embeds two soft pneumatic actuators to deploy the jaws, two soft pneumatic actuators to control grasping, and two fully soft optical waveguide sensors (WG) (one in each jaw) with tuned roughness to monitor both actuator tip positions and subsequent contact force on an object.
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Dutta, Shammo y Sree Kalyan Patiballa. "Design Optimization Framework for Uniform Stress Distribution of Mechanical Metamaterials". En ASME 2023 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2023-112793.
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Abstract Mechanical metamaterials have gained considerable interest because of their enhanced mechanical properties, such as being lightweight, having high energy absorption, and having high resistance to fracture and indentation. The macroscopic elastic properties of mechanical materials are governed by their microstructural geometry. Despite their advantages, attaining microstructures with evenly distributed stresses for improved load-bearing ability remains a challenge. Furthermore, employing stress constraints in tandem with numerical homogenization in structural optimization schemes has been time-intensive and complex. This paper presents a design optimization framework for metamaterial designs with uniformly distributed stresses using a bioinspired maximum material utilization (MMU) metric. The material microstructures can be size optimized by maximizing the MMU metric to attain designs with uniform stress distributions. The proposed design optimization involves two sequential steps. The first step involves the conceptual design, using a load flow technique and insights from the strain energy-based homogenization method to design material microstructures. Once we obtain a conceptual solution, we perform size optimization on the material microstructures to maximize the MMU metric. We test our optimization method on two planar auxetic metamaterials — (a) negative Poisson’s ratio microstructures with low shear (NPLS) and (b) negative Poisson’s ratio microstructures with high shear (NPHS). The optimized designs attained uniformly distributed stress levels throughout their topology at the microstructural and material levels. We showcase the efficacy of the proposed design methodology with numerical simulations and experiments. This study paves the way for computationally inexpensive, insightful, stress-based design optimization of metamaterials.
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de Oliveira, Jose Olavo de Andrada Ignacio, Pedro Lemos Tavares, Victor Costa da Silva, Ivan Noville Rocha Correa Lima, João Francisco Fleck Heck Britto, Thierry Hernalsteens y Marcio Kahn. "Buzios: The Largest Ultra-Deepwater Oilfield to Date". En Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/31154-ms.
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Abstract The purpose of this paper is to present a general overview of the Buzios field development plan, projects’ features, and main achievements so far. The development plan adopted a strategy to pursue the balance between acceleration and cash flow optimization, to maximize the return on the huge investment on the block acquisition, and the risk management related to developing several Greenfield Projects simultaneously. To reduce reservoir uncertainties, a comprehensive data acquisition plan was crafted and implemented considering: (a) seismic acquisition, (b) drilling, logging and testing several exploratory and appraisal wells, (c) massive rock and fluid data sampling along the reservoirs, (d) execution of one Extended Well Test and three Early Production Systems. Additionally, the basic design of wells, subsea systems and Floating Production Storage and Offloading ("FPSO") provided flexibility to cover remaining uncertainties yet present in the Transfer of Rights ("ToR") scope, which allows up to 3,150 billion barrels of oil equivalent ("boe") to be produced. This led to technological challenges that needed to be addressed during project planning. We believe that the innovative solutions applied enhanced currently available technologies and delivered an important legacy to the offshore oil and gas industry. Finally, the results obtained so far, with the ramp-up of Buzios projects 1, 2, 3, and 4 provide evidence of the successful adopted strategy and reinforce the decision of deployment of a fifth FPSO under the scope of the ToR contract. The strong results of the asset led to the acquisition of 90% of the Transfer of Rights Surplus ("ToR+"), together with CNOOC Petroleum Brasil Ltda. (5%) and CNODC Brasil Petróleo e Gás Ltda. (5%), which now paves the way for a second wave of development, including the deployment of up to seven additional FPSOs.
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Hassan, Tarik, Sourav Sarkar, Achintya Mukhopadhyay y Swarnendu Sen. "Characterization of Burner Stabilized Premixed and Non-Premixed Flame Using Digital Image Processing". En ASME 2019 Gas Turbine India Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gtindia2019-2558.
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Abstract The present goal of combustion research is to enhance the burning efficiency resulting in minimal emission which is in fact, paves the way for a sustainable future. Researchers are investigating different parameters and factors associated with combustion to control the combustion process. Image processing is one of the most useful and safe tool for this job as it is nonintrusive and do not interfere with the combustion zone during experiment. Present work focuses on the digital image processing of the premixed and diffusion flame which has been utilized as a tool to characterize burner stabilized premixed and non-premixed Flame. The experiment is performed on a burner stabilized LPG-air flame. For premixed flame, several sets of experiments are done keeping the camera setting and image quality identical which resulted in an almost linearly increasing average RGB value with respect to equivalence ratio. Taking the relation of an experiment as standard, equivalence ratio is calculated for other experiments just by observing the average RGB value(R+G+B/3) of that image. It is found that almost in all cases the error values are lying between −10% to +10% of the actual value calculated from the flow rates of air and fuel. Diffusion flame is examined by passing fuel through the central channel of co-flow burner and air through the outer cylindrical channel. Air is used to stabilize the flame and for giving it a steady shape. Experiment is done keeping air flow constant while the fuel flow is varied and the image is captured. For diffusion flame, as the change in colour of flame is not much differentiable with the change in fuel, analysis is done to find the relation between fuel flow rate and flame area by counting the number of pixels. Finally, a direct relation of fuel amount and the image area is obtained.
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Xia, Yutong y Kon-Well Wang. "Dynamics Analysis of the Deployment of Miura-Origami Sheets". En ASME 2019 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97136.
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Abstract Origami has emerged as a promising tool for the design of mechanical structures that can be folded into small volume and expanded to large structures, which enables the desirable features of compact storage and effective deployment. Most attention to date on origami deployment has been on its geometry, kinematics, and quasi-static mechanics, while the dynamics of deployment has not been systematically studied. On the other hand, deployment dynamics could be important in many applications, especially in high speed operation and low damping conditions. This research investigates the dynamic characteristics of the deploying process of origami structures through investigating a Miura-Ori sheet (Fig. 1(b, c)). In this study, we have utilized the stored energy in pre-deformed spring elements to actuate the deployment. We theoretically model and numerically analyze the deploying process of the origami sheet. Specifically, the sheet is modeled by bar-and-hinge blocks, in which the facet and crease stiffnesses are modeled to be related to the bar axial deformation and torsional motion at the creases. On the other hand, the structural inertia is modelled as mass points assigned at hinges. Numerical simulations show that, apart from axial contraction and expansion, the origami structure can exhibit transverse motion during the deploying process. Further investigation reveals that the transverse motion has close relationship with the controlled deploying rate. This research will pave the way for further analysis and applications of the dynamics of origami-based structures.
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Lujan, Carlos, Cesar Elpuente y Oriol Flix. "New assessment and testing methodology for vehicle type approval". En EuroBrake 2022. FISITA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46720/eb2022-ibc-003.
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"Technological innovations in the field of Connected and Automated Driving have a strong impact in different areas in the automotive industry. Among those areas, the effect on vehicle homologation procedures is game changing, in a way that requires a brand-new approach. Traditionally, the homologation process based on the UNECE Regulatory framework has been a single step at the end of the development phase, where regulations normally defined a series of repeatable scenarios to be evaluated, where the effect of the driver is typically suppressed by means of the measurement of the inputs on the vehicle commands or by means of the use of driving robots. This approach was initially challenged by the introduction of assisted systems, such as Advance Emergency Brake. Those systems are commanded by Electronic Control Systems which, in some circumstances, may control certain vehicle functions, such as braking or steering. The introduction of such functions required a different approach to the vehicle type approval, to evaluate possible failures associated to the Electronic Control Systems. In such context, concepts such as Functional Safety (FuSa) or Safety Of The Intended Functionality (SOTIF) were introduce as part of the type approval process. This new approach turned the technical evaluation of the compliance from a testing activity in selected scenarios into a combination of testing and assessment of the manufacturer safety concept. However, the introduction of the first SAE L3 functions into the market add a new layer of complexity into the type approval. Such technologies replace the human driver during certain dynamic driving tasks, within an unlimited number of scenarios. This circumstance does not allow the classic strategy of removing the human effect from the test scenarios and required a second loop in the modification of the type approval processes, so as to move from an evaluation of the performance to an evaluation of the behaviour of the vehicle. As a result, UNECE WP.29 published the “Framework Document on Automated/Autonomous Vehicles”, a document whose purpose was: a) To provide guidance to WP.29 subsidiary Working Parties (GRs) by identifying key principles for the safety and security of automated/autonomous vehicles of levels 3 and higher. b) To define the work priorities for WP.29 and indicate the deliverables, timelines and working arrangements for those certain work products related to those priorities. Consequently, several actions took place which have paved the road into a new type approval approach, currently under development, but with a series of principles widely accepted by the rulemaking community. Examples of such actions include: a) New working group structure within UNECE WP.29 b) Development of a series of New Assessment and Testing Methods (NATM) which combine the classic test on the proving ground with new tools, such as the assessment of the manufacturer safety concept, the use of simulation or the real-world testing. "
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Martin, Maurice, Stefan Winkler y Frederik Belien. "Towards New V&V in AOCS/GNC for Industrial Efficiency". En ESA 12th International Conference on Guidance Navigation and Control and 9th International Conference on Astrodynamics Tools and Techniques. ESA, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5270/esa-gnc-icatt-2023-171.
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Current and future space missions require increasingly more complex AOCS/GNC designs. Multiple drivers can be identified for this trend, such as larger deployable structures and the extended operational range due to more autonomous spacecraft. For each of these control problems, tailored solutions have to be developed with stringent performance requirements, while staying within time and cost constraints. The drivers highlight the need for efficient analysis tools that can support the Verification and Validation (V&V) process of AOCS/GNC systems. As pointed out in [1], the design phase of a project roughly takes about 20% of the total time, while the remaining 80% are used for planning and executing V&V activities. The increasing system complexity will only make this V&V gap worse. Thus, reducing the V&V effort through enhanced methods is a promising field for improved industrial efficiency. This paper presents the continued work on this topic building on the Airbus contribution to the multi-agency workshop & seminar series [2], [3]. A systematic and detailed framework to assess the robust stability and performance of uncertain systems is proposed, which aims to reduce the V&V engineering effort. Common V&V approaches often rely on large-scale simulation campaigns to cover the various system uncertainties in form of probabilistic Monte Carlo analyses. This process is very time consuming for complex simulations, does not give insights into the uncertainties that drive the stability and performance requirements, and might fail to identify critical scenarios. An alternative is to focus on worst-cases through analytical robustness analysis. Although techniques, such as the μ-analysis, have been available for decades, they have not been integrated into standard industrial processes. To facilitate the use of robustness analysis techniques, a step-by-step approach has been developed that results in an enhanced V&V framework. This framework combines various V&V techniques including worst-case analysis, sensitivity analysis, and optimization within both the time and frequency domain. It consists of 1) modelling the uncertainties through the Linear Fractional Transform (LFT) framework and forming the models from the LFT for stability and performance metrics, 2) defining the robustness metrics under analysis 3) identifying system driving uncertainties through a sensitivity analysis, 4) computing the worst-case degradation of the stability and performance metrics, and 5) performing analysis on the nonlinear simulator. The steps 1) - 4) are all performed within the frequency domain, whereas the last step is computed in the time domain. If the current control design fails the requirements, the obtained worst-cases can be used to synthesize a robust controller. To illustrate the steps in the enhanced V&V framework, an analysis on the robust attitude performance based on MetOp-SG (SAT-B) is presented. The uncertain multi-body dynamics are modelled according to the modular concept in [4] resulting in a compact LFT form. This model is used to analyse the degradation of stability metrics, such as gain, phase, and modulus margin, and performance metrics, such as pointing metrics defined in [5]. Additionally, the uncertainties that are driving these degradations are identified. This information is useful to further improve the control design and can be used as a model reduction technique for the LFT. Finally, the resulting worst-cases from the frequency domain are compared with nonlinear simulations in the time domain. Lastly, conclusions will be drawn how the enhanced V&V framework can potentially improve the current industrial standards. This comparison identifies future work that is necessary to pave the way for increased industrial efficiency in the future. [1] Dennehy, C., Bennani, S., Shankar, U., Vandersteen, J., and VanZwieten, T., “Verification and Validation (V&V) of Guidance & Control Systems: Restults From The First Inter-Agency Workshop [2] Winkler, S., Chapman, P., Juanpere, X. M., Ott, T., “AOCS/GNC Challenges, Solutions and Beyond: Engineering Passion versus for Industrial Efficiency”, Multi-Agency Workshop & Seminar Series, 2021. [3] Martin, M., Belien, F., Winkler, S., „Towards Increased AOCS/GNC Industrial Efficiency: Robust Performance Analysis Considering Real Mission Constraints”, Multi-Agency Workshop & Seminar Series, 2021. [4] Alazard, D., Sanfedino, F., “Satellite dynamics toolbox for preliminary design phase” In : 43rd Annual AAS Guidance and Control Conference, 2020. [5] ESSB-HB-E-003 Working Group, “ESA pointing error engineering handbook ESSB-HB-E-003,” Tech. rep., ESA, 2011.
Informes sobre el tema "B. Pavyer"
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Alarcón, Enzo. Clase Magistral de Intercambio. Taller Teórico-Práctico de Procesos Fonéticos-Fonológicos. Universidad Santa Paula-Universidad Autónoma de Chile. Universidad Autónoma de Chile, junio de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32457/video20211.
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La fonología y la fonética son dos ramas de lingüística o niveles del lenguaje que se encargan de estudiar los sonidos de una determinada lengua. Por una parte, la fonología analiza la representación mental y abstracta de los sonidos desde la perspectiva funcional (fonemas) y, por otra parte, la fonética se enfoca en las características articulatorias, acústicas, perceptuales y físicas de los sonidos cuando este es producido (fonos - alófonos). En esta clase se explican algunas variaciones fonéticas entre el español de Chile y Costa Rica, así como también el desarrollo y la exploración de la fonética y fonología infantil desde la perspectiva de Hodson B. (Evaluación de Procesos Fonológicos "APP-S") utilizada en Costa Rica y la perspectiva de Pavez, Maggiolo y Coloma (Test para Evaluar Procesos de Simplificación Fonológica "TEPROSIF-R"), utilizada en Chile.
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Alarcón, Enzo. Clase Magistral de Intercambio. Taller Teórico-Práctico de Procesos Fonéticos-Fonológicos. Universidad Santa Paula-Universidad Autónoma de Chile. Universidad Autónoma de Chile, junio de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32457/20211.
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La fonología y la fonética son dos ramas de lingüística o niveles del lenguaje que se encargan de estudiar los sonidos de una determinada lengua. Por una parte, la fonología analiza la representación mental y abstracta de los sonidos desde la perspectiva funcional (fonemas) y, por otra parte, la fonética se enfoca en las características articulatorias, acústicas, perceptuales y físicas de los sonidos cuando este es producido (fonos - alófonos). En esta clase se explican algunas variaciones fonéticas entre el español de Chile y Costa Rica, así como también el desarrollo y la exploración de la fonética y fonología infantil desde la perspectiva de Hodson B. (Evaluación de Procesos Fonológicos "APP-S") utilizada en Costa Rica y la perspectiva de Pavez, Maggiolo y Coloma (Test para Evaluar Procesos de Simplificación Fonológica "TEPROSIF-R"), utilizada en Chile.
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Halevy, Orna, Zipora Yablonka-Reuveni y Israel Rozenboim. Enhancement of meat production by monochromatic light stimuli during embryogenesis: effect on muscle development and post-hatch growth. United States Department of Agriculture, junio de 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7586471.bard.
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The original objectives were: A. To determine the critical embryonic age for monochromatic green light stimulation. B. To follow the ontogeny of embryos exposed to monochromatic green light vs. darkness. C. To investigate the effects of monochromatic green light illumination on myoblast and fiber development in the embryo. D. To investigate the stimulatory effect of light combinations during embryo and post-hatch periods on growth and meat production. E. To evaluate the direct effect of monochromatic green light on cultured embryonic and adult myoblasts. The overall purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of monochromatic light stimuli during incubation period of broilers on muscle development and satellite cell myogenesis. Based on previous studies (Halevy et al., 1998; Rozenboim et al., 1999) that demonstrated the positive effects of green-light illumination on body and muscle growth, we hypothesized that monochromatic light illumination accelerates embryo and muscle development and subsequently enhances muscle growth and meat production. Thus, further decreases management costs. Under the cooperation of the laboratories at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and University of Washington we have conducted the following: 1. We have established the critical stage for exposure to green monochromatic light which has the maximal effect on body and muscle growth (Objective A). We report that embryonic day 5 is optimal for starting illumination. The optimal regime of lighting that will eliminate possible heat effects was evaluated by monitoring egg core temperature at various illumination periods. We found that intermitted lighting (15 min. on; 15 min. off) is optimal to avoid heat effects. 2. We have evaluated in detail gross changes in embryo development profile associated to green light stimuli vs. darkness. In addition, we have investigated the stimulatory effect of light combinations during embryo and post-hatch periods on body and muscle growth (Objective B,D). 3. We have studied the expression profile of muscle regulatory proteins during chicken muscle cell differentiation in cultures using newly developed antibodies. This study paved the way for analyzing the expression of these proteins in our photo stimulation experiments (Objective C). 4. We have studied the pattern ofPax7 expression during myogenesis in the posthatch chicken. Experimental chick pectoralis muscles as well adult myoblast cultures were used in this study and the results led us to propose a novel model for satellite cell differentiation and renewal. 5. The effects of monochromatic green light illumination during embryogenesis have been studied. These studies focused on fetal myoblast and satellite cell proliferation and differentiation at pre- and posthatch periods and on the effects on the expression of muscle regulatory proteins which are involved in these processes. In addition, we have analyzed the effect of photo stimulation in the embryo on myofiber development at early posthatch (Objective C). 6. In follow the reviewers' comments we have not conducted Objective E. The information gathered from these studies is of utmost importance both, for understanding the molecular basis of muscle development in the posthatch chicks and for applied approach for future broiler management. Therefore, the information could be beneficial to agriculture in the short term on the one hand and to future studies on chick muscle development in the embryo and posthatch on the other hand.
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Hefetz, Abraham y Gene Robinson. Hormonal and Pheromonal Regulation of Reproduction in the Bumble Bee Bombus terrestris. United States Department of Agriculture, julio de 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7568775.bard.
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Bombus terrestris constitute important pollinators of greenhouse crops. In Israel the species utilized is, whose colonies are reared commercially. This is a primitively social species with a particular colony development. It encompasses two social phases: a eusocial phase in which the queen dominates reproduction, and a competition phase in which workers compete with the queen for the parentage of males. These workers are distinguished by accelerated ovarian development, high production of JH, and elevated levels of dopamine in the brain. Queen-worker conflict is also manifested in overt aggression among all members of the nest. High aggression is correlated with dominance status of the bees and is also correlated with octopamine levels in the brain. After verifying that JH III is the only JH produced by the bees and validating the assay for its measurements (RCA & RIA), we used JH as an indicator of worker reproduction. Queens taken from colonies both before and after the competition phase were equally effective in inhibiting worker reproduction. Moreover, there is only a narrow window, around the competition point, in which workers may have the opportunity to initiate reproduction. Before that point they are inhibited by the dominant queen, while after that point both the queen and those workers with accelerated ovarian development exert strong inhibition on worker nest mates. Thus, "queen dominance deterioration" is not the primary cause in eliciting the queen-worker conflict. Queens convey their presence by means of a chemical signal that is extractable in organic solvent and that is normally spread on the cuticle. Total body extract and body washes, applied on dead virgin queens, were able to inhibit the release of JHin vitro in queenless workers. However, none of the prominent exocrine gland investigated mimicked this function. It is possible that the source of the putative pheromone is an unknown gland, or that it emanates from an assembly of glands. Chemical analyses of the prominent glands revealed a plethora of compounds the function of which should be further investigated. Understanding the social behavior of B. terrestris paves the way to facilitate colony manipulation and to adjust the colonies for specific pollination requirements.
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Naim, Michael, Andrew Spielman, Shlomo Nir y Ann Noble. Bitter Taste Transduction: Cellular Pathways, Inhibition and Implications for Human Acceptance of Agricultural Food Products. United States Department of Agriculture, febrero de 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7695839.bard.
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Historically, the aversive response of humans and other mammals to bitter-taste substances has been useful for survival, since many toxic constituents taste bitter. Today, the range of foods available is more diverse. Many bitter foods are not only safe for consumption but contain bitter constituents that provide nutritional benefits. Despite this, these foods are often eliminated from our current diets because of their unacceptable bitterness. Extensive technology has been developed to remove or mask bitterness in foods, but a lack of understanding of the mechanisms of bitterness perception at the taste receptor level has prevented the development of inhibitors or efficient methods for reducing bitterness. In our original application we proposed to: (a) investigate the time course and effect of selected bitter tastants relevant to agricultural products on the formation of intracellular signal molecules (cAMP, IP3, Ca2+) in intact taste cells, in model cells and in membranes derived therefrom; (b) study the effect of specific bitter taste inhibitors on messenger formation and identify G-proteins that may be involved in tastant-induced bitter sensation; (c) investigate interactions and self-aggregation of bitter tastants within membranes; (d) study human sensory responses over time to these bitter-taste stimuli and inhibitors in order to validate the biochemical data. Quench-flow module (QFM) and fast pipetting system (FPS) allowed us to monitor fast release of the aforementioned signal molecules (cGMP, as a putative initial signal was substituted for Ca2+ ions) - using taste membranes and intact taste cells in a time range below 500 ms (real time of taste sensation) - in response to bitter-taste stimulation. Limonin (citrus) and catechin (wine) were found to reduce cellular cAMP and increase IP3 contents. Naringin (citrus) stimulated an IP3 increase whereas the cheese-derived bitter peptide cyclo(leu-Trp) reduced IP3 but significantly increased cAMP levels. Thus, specific transduction pathways were identified, the results support the notion of multiple transduction pathways for bitter taste and cross-talk between a few of those transduction pathways. Furthermore, amphipathic tastants permeate rapidly (within seconds) into liposomes and taste cells suggesting their availability for direct activation of signal transduction components by means of receptor-independent mechanisms within the time course of taste sensation. The activation of pigment movement and transduction pathways in frog melanophores by these tastants supports such mechanisms. Some bitter tastants, due to their amphipathic properties, permeated (or interacted with) into a bitter tastant inhibitor (specific phospholipid mixture) which apparently forms micelles. Thus, a mechanism via which this bitter taste inhibitor acts is proposed. Human sensory evaluation experiments humans performed according to their 6-n-propyl thiouracil (PROP) status (non-tasters, tasters, super-tasters), indicated differential perception of bitterness threshold and intensity of these bitter compounds by different individuals independent of PROP status. This suggests that natural products containing bitter compounds (e.g., naringin and limonin in citrus), are perceived very differently, and are in line with multiple transduction pathways suggested in the biochemical experiments. This project provides the first comprehensive effort to explore the molecular basis of bitter taste at the taste-cell level induced by economically important and agriculturally relevant food products. The findings, proposing a mechanism for bitter-taste inhibition by a bitter taste inhibitor (made up of food components) pave the way for the development of new, and perhaps more potent bitter-taste inhibitors which may eventually become economically relevant.