Tesis sobre el tema "Automobiles – Industrie et commerce – Russie"
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Vinogradov, Boris. "L’industrie automobile française et la Russie de 1954 à 2014". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2021SORUL115.pdf.
Texto completoThe French automobile industry has been present in Russia for more than a century. French manufacturers have maintained their presence on the Russian market despite the many upheavals that the country experienced in the 20th century. The thesis analyses the activities of French automobile companies in Russia in the years 1954 - 2014. It covers two very distinct periods: the Soviet and the post-Soviet and shows continuity in the strategy of French car manufacturers on the Russian market. The study presents Franco-Russian cooperation in the automobile field under the prism of economic, political and technological relations between the countries. This cooperation is the result of a bilateral will on the part of France and the Soviet Union to widen the scope of their cooperation and to engage in long-term industrial projects. It is thus possible to highlight the importance of the technology transfer carried out within the framework of Franco-Russian automobile projects. Finally, the analysis of the Russian automobile market enables us to measure the role of France in the development of the Soviet and then Russian automobile industry. The example of Renault's presence in the post-Soviet Russia is a good illustration of the Renault- Nissan Group's strategy towards emerging countries. The "Renault Russia" plant in Moscow becomes the Renault Group's 4th largest plant in terms of production volume in 2014
Montenero, Vincent. "Les facteurs clés de la dynamique d’une coopération multiculturelle : les leçons d’un cas d’implantation d’une entreprise étrangère en Russie". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLED024/document.
Texto completoLittle research look at failures of international projects, especially over a period of several years, from the original decision to country departure, after a two years’ presence. Based on analysis of the existing literature on company internationalization and intercultural management, we examine the Russian deployment of a middle-size automotive subcontractor, for whom the project was strategic. Our aim is to identify, understand and evaluate the impact of the different factors, which led to the failure, using interviews of the Western and Russian participants, documents issued during the preparation phase, as well as interviews of managers of automotive companies well established in Russia. We show that despite strong personal investment, the team was not able to respond to the numerous constraints of the Russian market because of a lack of efficient cooperation with their Russian colleagues and partners. We conclude with a certain number of major considerations and advice to face similar projects more efficiently
Zhuang, Ningxia. "L'analyse des stratégies de localisation des équipementiers dans l'industrie automobile". Dijon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006DIJOE010.
Texto completoBergua, Fabien. "Réglementations des émissions et trajectoires de l'industrie automobile". Bordeaux 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR40044.
Texto completoThe thesis aims to examine the government regulations about automobile emission in order to understand innovative activities of car industry. According to environmental economics, manufacturers and suppliers have to cope with emission standards from the sixties'. However, under environmental pressure and facing the critics regarding command and control regulations, the regulatory context had to change their direction and governments turned to more flexible approaches. Car manufacturers and suppliers were encouraged to develop environmental innovations in order to produce low emission vehicles. Moreover, the change of public policy had incited car industry to turn to more efficient engine technologies than internal combustion
Larbaoui, Pascal. "Le rôle des standards et des infrastructures dans la compétition technologique : retour sur l'essor de l'industrie automobile". Paris 13, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA131011.
Texto completoSoetisna, Herman-Rahadian. "Industrie automobile indonésienne : politique industrielle, problèmes et perspectives". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993STR1EC03.
Texto completoDebrosse, Daniel. "La reprise de Dacia par Renault : 1998-2003 histoire d'une aventure humaine, industrielle et commerciale". Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2007. http://www.biblio.univ-evry.fr/theses/2007/interne/2007EVRY0034.pdf.
Texto completoOn september 29th 1999, Renault buys 51% of the capital shares of Dacia, the romanian automobile manufacturer. This study covers this operation over a period of five years, from 1998 up to 2003, after reminding the reader with the long lasting process of convergence between the Renault strategic move towards the so-called "emerging countries" and the romanian privatization politics of its domestic automobile industry. The study concentrates itself on the analysis of the human, industrial and commercial aspects of this operation. The survival of the brand was made possible by the upgrade of two products of the existing range as long as the progressive adjustment of the working force from 28 000 to 16 000. The study gives large details about the Piteşti plant modernization and the complete reshuffling of the network of private dealers for the marketing of Renault Dacia and Nissan brand products. Far from a "long quiet river", the Dacia operation took place in the turmoil of a rapid market evolution, fueled by large volumes of imported european used cars. The cooperation of the Renault panel of suppliers took shape at a slower pace than expected. In spite of these adversed conditions, Dacia maintained its leadership on the domestic market, thus paving the way for Logan, this "modern, dependable and affordable" vehicle
Folliet, Bertrand y Jean-Charles Watiez. "L'entreprise réseau, principe d'organisation et de fonctionnement émergent dans le système automobile : analyse théorique et études pratiques". Paris 9, 1994. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1994PA090053.
Texto completoAzaiez, Kais. "Modularité des produits et des processus : fondements et implications pour l'analyse de la firme : Application aux secteurs de l'automobile et de l'aéronautique". Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010021.
Texto completoSevilla, Ariel. "Travailler dans l'automobile : le rôle de la formation continue en France, en Argentine et au Brésil (1980-2004)". Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2009VERS022S.
Texto completoFrom the case of the automotive industry, more precisely three assembly plants in France, Argentine and Brazil, this research enlightens the modalities of the implementation of training policies and practices and its effects. The stakes of the training of workers emphasize its economic function. They aim at the development of staff skills and performances and its adaptation to technological and organizational transformations. However, training in the company is marked by the workers’ history, the latter having to face a reorganization of work, the time when these transformations occur and the concrete situation of the company. Therefore, training cannot be thought without taking all these contextual elements into account. In an automotive company which is established in several countries, this context is transnational as well as national. This raises the following thesis: Training does not play a role which is a priori defined by the objective it is supposed to respond to, it fulfils other functions. Companies implement training without always being able to determine the economic advantages they get from it. The same goes for technological changes. Working situations which underlie these changes are also training situations and thus are not linked to established trainings. The functions of training vary with the contexts: the national laws which rule a professional training system for employed adults are the base which assures them of benefiting from internships in order to improve their situation
Morvan, Isabelle. "Syndicats et performance financière des entreprises : le cas des équipementiers automobiles français". Lille 1, 2001. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2001/50374-2001-11.pdf.
Texto completoWang, Hua. "Restructuration de l'industrie automobile chinoise : quelle trajectoire dans la mondialisation ?" Grenoble 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002GRE21014.
Texto completoDudouet, Claude. "Une méthode de gestion de production en flux tirés à flexibilités paramétrables : application au cas de l'automobile". Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ECAP0425.
Texto completoPointet, Jean-Marc. "Le paradoxe des comportements : différenciation-mimétisme dans l'industrie automobile européenne". Paris 13, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA131028.
Texto completoThis thesis on industrial organization explores the relation between processes of differentiation and homogenization in automobile production strategies. In opposition to the differentiation strategies, this study establishes the essential forces central to the homogenization dynamic. These include unavoidable constraints, technical norms, improvements in aerodynamics and occupancy space, the use of the same automotive components as well as a tendency to imitate certain features of competing products. This study focuses on the dilemma differentiation mimetism. A leading firm creates an innovative product which is then imitated by followers, but at that point the initiating company has moved on to another new area. Product differentiation and homogenization should no be opposed as a static contradiction but seen as part of a dynamic and continuous process. Differentiation and mimetic behaviors are interpreted as complementary and compatible forces. The automobile industry has entered a logic of industrial de maturation of its life cycle. Today the end of the predominance of mimetic behaviors over differentiation is a possible transition towards an industrial renaissance. This process is analysed in an uncertain and complex environment
Ivanova, Svetlana. "Formation de nanoparticules d'or supportées : De la préparation à la réactivité catalytique". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2004/IVANOVA_Svetlana_2004.pdf.
Texto completoGold is a metal long time considered as versatile in catalysis and unused because of the difficulty to reproduce the method of preparation for an important number of supports. Well dispersed gold nanoparticles are the key to obtain an active gold catalyst. For this reason the preparation method is essential. We have used (Al2O3 and CeO2) the two principal supports in depollution catalysis for the preparation of supported gold catalysts. We have proposed and developed a new method of preparation – anionic exchange. This method allows better control of the preparation parameters, the reproducibility amelioration, and the production of gold particles smaller than 3 nm and utilisation of alumina, usually reported in literature as incapable to support the gold nanoparticles. The development of this method goes through detailed knowledge of the gold particles nature and the interaction metal-support (sizes, shapes, oxidation degrees etc. ). For this reason we have studied all the keys parameters at every stage from the solution through the preparation to the catalytic activity. The obtained catalysts have been employed in different catalytic reactions – total oxidation of CO and light hydrocarbons and selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxide NO by propene. We have obtained a gold catalyst supported on alumina which is more active than those supported on titania reported as the gold catalysts with the best activity. This presents an advantage for the future industrial application for the automotive depollution because of the superior thermal stability of alumina. Moreover, the alumina supported catalysts are stable during the storage time and after ageing procedure up to 900°C
Sachwald, Frédérique. "Ajustement sectoriel et adaptation des entreprises : le cas de l'industrie automobile". Paris, EHESS, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989EHES0054.
Texto completoThis work analyses some important aspects of the structural adjustment in the automobile industry. This case study aims at illustrating the following thesis: the firm being a coordinated pool of ressources, adjustment entails their adaptation and or their reorganization. Therefore adjustment can not be thoroughly analysed by staying at the sector level
Laigle, Lydie. "La coopération inter-firmes : approches théoriques et application au cas des relations constructeurs-fournisseurs dans l'industrie automobile". Paris 13, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA131013.
Texto completoThis research has aimed at analysing the modes of cooperation between firms, with a special focus on the relationships between suppliers and car makers. We have looked at the new forms of cooperation that have emerged following the transfer of component design and development to suppliers, in the context of a changing division of labor between firms and new forms of organization and patterns of competition in the car industry. The main result of this research is the following : associating suppliers closely and comprehensively to the r&d process means increased economic risks at stake for the car industry as a whole. Codevelopment processes require carefully designed models of governance structure that include contractual committments, bilateral guarantees, interactive problem-solving methods, formal rules of risk and cost sharing as well as the sharing of innovation benefits that have been collectively produced. Therefore, economic efficiency appears to be largely dependent upon the relational mode between firms and their technical and organizational learning capabilities
Hatzfeld, Nicolas. "Organiser, produire, éprouver : histoire et présent de l'usine de carrosserie de Peugeot à Sochaux, 1948-1996". Paris, EHESS, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EHES0014.
Texto completoQuetel, Eric. "Modélisation et simulation de contacts lubrifiés dans les systèmes multi-corps". Valenciennes, 2011. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/84b3ed80-36b5-429f-a869-0d38f7165d4a.
Texto completoLifetime predictions and the improvement of the engine effectiveness represent nowadays parts of the most important commercial criteria in the automobile industry in order to response to the new environmental norms and to the constant growth of the market for low-cost components. In the different involved lubricated mecanisms, the ratio of the surface asperity heights to the lubricant film thickness has a decisive influence on the friction forces and thus on the energy dissipation and on the components wear. However, only a few simulation tools are nowadays available for the investigation of such tribological systems constraining the developers to often use their proper know-how or to conduct generally expensive measurements. In order to improve the dimensioning methods, three models are developed for the calculation of non-conforming elastohydrodynamic contacts, particularly for point and line contacts, and are applied to the simulation of cam-roller tappet contacts in high-pressure common-rail pumps and roller-raceway contacts in roller cell pumps. The first model is a one-dimensional representation of the elastohydrodynamic behaviour for heavily loaded contacts. It is based on the assumption that the contact pressure distribution may be approximated from the pressure distribution obtained in dry contacts and evaluate the central lubricant film thickness by means of dimensionless characteristic values. A simplified mixed lubrication model is additionally included. For the second and the third models, a more accurate solution method is adopted in order to consider locally the fluid-structure interaction. A discrete solution of the contact pressure and of the lubricant film thickness is obtained for point and line contacts using the multigrid technique. All three contact models are implemented as general force components or as contact elements in the multi-body system environment ADAMS/View from MSC. Software. Results from the discrete solver conform to those produced with the 1D model, especially for the central lubricant film thickness and confirm the assumption that the contact pressure distribution in heavily loaded elastohydrodynamic contacts approaches that in dry contacts. A robust coupling between the discrete solver for elastohydrodynamic point contacts and the multi-body system environment is achieved. However, instabilities are encountered by applying the solution algorithm to line contact problems due to incompatibilities with the multi-body system environment. Additional investigations are then required before employing the latter to industrial systems and the enhancement capability of the multi-body system environment to such complicated algorithms is questioned. Finally, successful applications of the unidimensional model in a high-pressure pump and in a roller cell pump are presented
Gave, François. "Théorie des coûts de transactions d'Aoki et théories néo-protectionnistes : confrontation et application au cas de la concurrence nippo-américaine dans l'industrie automobile au cours des années 80-90". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993IEPP0006.
Texto completoThe general purpose of this doctoral dissertation is to analyze the fall of the American auto industry due to the Japanese competition in the 80s and 90s, using 2 conflicting models to that end: the Aoki's transaction costs theory and the American neo-protectionist theory. More accurately, this dissertation is an attempt to understand how and why the deep relationships between the Japanese firms inside the keiretsu, and between them and the state, cant'be regarded as an evidence of an unfair competition based on the erection of barriers to entry and on a monopolistic rent exploited by the automakes-which is the neo-protectionist opinion-, but should better be considered as a tool of efficiency-which is Aoki'point of view-. Nevertheless a thorough study of the Japanese organization also shows the limits of the Aoki's model, and the usefulness of the concept of integration to understand the usefulness of the concept organization both from the transaction cost theory and the agency theory
Gabison, Erik. "L'industrie automobile française : analyse de la crise et des évolutions, 1973-1986". Paris 9, 1988. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1988PA090002.
Texto completoFrom 1970, the United-States and the western European countries, provided with a car industry, have been leading to share, their respective parts of the world-wide market of the car industry with a new competitor in this matter, Japan. The two oil "shocks" in 1973 and 1979, more specialy the second, have strongly contributed to the crisis is marked by recession of the productions. It provocates a calling into question of the taylorised output system in force in the french car industry which is characterized by a call to an important direct labour, whose need decreases when the demand of cars diminishes. In this context, important social conflicts arise with for principal claim, the employment defence facing the redudancies become unavoidable in view of the market's recession and the technological transformations appeared in the conception's and production's way up to now used in the french car industry. The "japanese challenge" imposes to the french automobile constructors constraints as for the transformation of their outputs way. This change goes though the expansion of the robotisation and the automation of their production's tool. Peugeot s. A. And the company renault, during this period, are going through a crisis precended in their history. If the recovery of p. S. A. Seems to be completed the one of renault is still expeded. Now, the worldwiding of the car industry and these markets arouses a group of interrogations as for the future of the french automobile industry, the level of its original market as well as the one of the outer market and particulary european. What strategies are the french car constructors in a position to adopt, while we are preparing for a sale european market in 1992? The french state and other intervening's group are concerned by this industry. Its future concerns them all
Hosseinpour, Kashani Saeid. "Analyse économique des coopérations industrielles : une analyse économique de la sous-traitance dans l'industrie automobile". Rennes 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN1G021.
Texto completoNeuville, Jean-Philippe. "Le contrat de confiance : étude des mécanismes de coopération dans le partenariat industriel autour de deux grands constructeurs automobiles européens". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996IEPP0005.
Texto completoThe industrial partnership is one of the possible forms of the organized action between market and hierarchy. With the tools of the sociological analysis of organizations, an empirical comparison of two partnerships is carried out in the automobile manufacturing sector in europe. Results show that this form of industrial cooperation is characterized, first by a common framework : quality ; second; by a specific regulation mecanism : trust ; finally, by a structure of social exchange in which economic exchange is embedded in : interpersonal networks
Abi, Zeid Antoine. "Les mutations géographiques et technologiques de l’industrie automobile : une analyse par l’approche gravitationnelle". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA059.
Texto completoEmerging countries (EC) endowed with dynamic markets became the main automotive production area. Developed countries are still the main exporters. In this thesis, we measure the theoretical value of exports of EC based on the parameters (GDP, trade costs) of an augmented gravity model. The car exports of the majority of EC risk stagnation because of weak knowledge economy & high trade costs in these countries. Iran has an opportunity to increase its automotive exports under the condition of improving its domestic products and/or building export-platforms for global automakers. The exports of Turkey & Mexico risk stagnation unless Mexico increases its exports to Europe & Asia, and Turkey increases the added-value of its industry. Electric vehicles and lithium-ion batteries are the future of the automotive industry. China & the USA are expected to be the main exporters in the field of li-ion batteries. The growth of American batteries exports is highly probable notably to countries with advanced ICT infrastructure
Loubet, Jean-Louis. "Les automobiles Peugeot : histoire d'une entreprise, 1945-1973". Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100080.
Texto completoThe history of Automobiles Peugeot is a striking example of growth and industrial achievement. Three periods illustrate the various stages of the company’s development. Among difficulties the firm had to overcome in the post war years are shortages, the social situation, the competition among car manufacturers who had suffered less from war and growing state intervention. Thanks to a single medium-range model the company managed to curb competition, to reconcile its interests with the wishes of economic planners, preferred profit to volume of production and thus regained its pre-war potential in 1950. The success of the years 1950-65 is based on three factors: a good quality product which was both profitable and cheap to run, efficient manufacturing plants which both ensured quality and cut production costs, a steady demand on the domestic market. This policy which was carried out until 1954 ensured a steady and cautious growth. It suited a company whose managers lived in constant fear of recession. Yet this successful policy which had stemmed from a traditional economic set-up was questioned by the evolution of the market, a slump in sales (1964-65) and the social crisis of the mid’sixties. A new adaptation was necessary. From 1965 to 1973, Peugeot took three major steps. First the different companies of the group were merged to become a holding company P. S. A. Then the specialized car manufacturer introduced a complete range of products in order to increase productivity, find new markets and meet the higher taxation on cars. Lastly, Peugeot took up an international dimension by joining with Renault. On the whole, the firm’s success from 1945 to 1973 was mainly due to its sound management thanks to its directors who foresaw the evolution of the market and adapted the firm to an ever transforming economy
Jammy, Thierry. "L'accord automobile CEE-Japon". Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010025.
Texto completoIn its life cycle, the automobile product on the three major markets (USA, West Europe, Japan) has reached its maturity phase. This fact, linked with both a commercial and an industrial offensive of Japanese car makers on the same markets, has generated a strong thigthening of competitive intensity. Competing in a war state oligopoly, players then favored the emergence of neo-protectionism sampled by volontary restrictions on exports, as witnessed by the EEC-Japan automobile agreement. Negociations between the miti and EEC lasted for more than one year and ended on july 31, 1991 with the signature of the agreement whose main objective is to organize a progressive entry of Japanese cars into the EEC until the end of the century. This agreement, built on no official legal material, except for a memorandum to the GATT, proved itself rather as a compromise between EEC members than between Europe and Japan. Finally, due to a poor thinking process and rather more due to a lack of definition of the reference product in its transplant acceptation, the Japanese car makers will be in a position to easily go around the agreement and to be ready for a massive offensive by the end of the transition period, while still preserving their national market. As a whole, the agreement will imply a worsening of the overcapacity crisis and a strengthening of the price war, wich raises the question of the survival of some European car makers as independant legal entities. Furthermore, the agreement implies a sharing of the markets in opposition with the GATT spirit and the maastricht treaty
Vasseur, Jacqueline. "Typologie d'alliances et maturité d'activité". Jouy-en Josas, HEC, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991EHEC0018.
Texto completoPlatonova, Alexandrina. "Projets d'investissement dans l'industrie pétrolière et gazière russe dans le cadre des mécanismes de flexibilité du protocole de Kyoto". Dijon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005DIJOE001.
Texto completoThis PhD thesis evaluates the perspectives of the oil and gas investment projects in the frame of the Joint Implementation mechanism in Russia. From the energy point of view, the relationships between climate policy and energy systems are described and the main sources of GHG emissions reductions in the Russian oil and gas sector are evaluated. From the environmental point of view, the JI is firstly considered as an economic instrument of the international climate agreements. Secondly, are demonstrated the characteristics of the JI perturbing his efficiency and his capacity to ensure the environmental quality of projects. Based on the specificities of Russian climate policy, two scenarios of its development are proposed to estimate the perspectives of JI in the oil and gas sector in the middle term
Le, Net Elisabeth. "La transformation du système productif russe depuis la Perestroi͏̈ka : le cas du complexe forêt-bois". Nantes, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NANT4004.
Texto completoSince 1992, Russia has supposedly experimented a transition that is to say a shift from a planned economy to a market economy. There was agreement among economists on the reforms to undertake (macroeconomics stabilisation and privatisation) ; the open debate concerned only the pace and the sequencing of reforms. Those approaches offered in fact a limited analysis of the productive system included in a deterministic vision of the changes and in a perspective of a break-up. We propose through a study of the forest-wood sector, a re-reading of measures taken in Russia by using the traditionnal outline of the Industrial Economics. Our aim is to draw the theoretical bases of the transition, the levels of measures and their limits. We offer another analysis in order to investigate the transformation of a productive sub-system, in this case the forest-wood Complex. It comes out that the path way of the forest-wood Complex is rather specific due to wew actors (financial industrial groups, new Russian elite, ministerial spin-offs, associations, etc. ) who keep up unstable networks and react to reforms. This pathway contrasts with those analyzed by studies on other natural resources in the Russian Federation. We conclude that Russa is going neither towards a sustainable forest management, nor that it can get a major position on the world wood market
Juan, Sandrine. "Les modélisations économétriques d'estimation de coût dans l'industrie automobile : l'apport des techniques de bootstrap". Dijon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999DIJOE023.
Texto completoHeim, Stéphane. "La coopération dans un environnement concurrentiel : une comparaison France-Japon". Strasbourg, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011STRA1058.
Texto completoThis thesis analyzes the recent evolutions and roots of cooperation in the automotive sector, the discourses that support these changes and the actors’ practices of activities coordination in automotive supply chains. Since the mid-1980s, several studies converge towards an interpretation of these relationships in terms of industrial partnership, with roots to be found and inherited from Japan. However, a study of interactions at different levels of supply chains on two territories of the global automotive sector, the Great East in France and Germany and the Tokai Region in Japan, shows a remaining and strong tension between cooperation and competition. While it is undeniable that some former suppliers tended to the relational model with their clients because of the complexity of their activities, other suppliers are still struggling with choices between interdependence and autonomy. Cooperation with their clients, suppliers, and competitors appears to be a complex mechanism in which it is important to simultaneously maintain its individual position in a market of organizations and to contribute to the collective effort towards this market reproduction. This thesis puts forward the idea that, beyond the logics and choices between authority, price and trust, one may find the dynamics of participation, often forced, in this mechanism
Kaptouom, Sylvestre. "Compétitivité industrielle et stratégies de croissance de la firme : cas du secteur automobile". Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010004.
Texto completoOur aim is to contribute to the understanding of the very notion of competitiveness, to assess how it can be measured as objectively as possible. Then, we question the strategies firms use or could use in order to reinforce or develop their competitiveness. After reminding the background in which competitiveness first appeared, we have attempted to underline why it now plays such a vital role for enterprises. The data collection then consisted in gatherins facts and figures from 1990 to 1993, related to a panel of eighteen carmakers likely to explain their level competitiveness. The analysis, in terms of "performance" enabled us to rank these carmakers according to their overall level of competitiveness, whereas the analysis of the main trends itself enable us to isolate the variables which have a significant influence on the degree of competitiveness. Even it the japanese carmakers remain more competitive in terms of productivity on the whole, their rank significantly changes after the introduction of other variables in the analysis. Thus, we can assert that the level of competitiveness is positively connected to the variables of productivity, profitability as well as efforts to invest, whereas it is negatively connected to those which measure the market share and or debt ratio. Lastly, as a conclusion to a reflexion on strategic actions which, in an uncertain environment, may contribute to improve competitiveness in a firm, and thus enable it to further develop, enhancing its quality performance (product and process) is really what appears of utmost importance. It can only be the result of steady efforts in terms or technological innovation, personnal training, establishing partnerships with suppliers and subcontractors. It should also cooperate with it competitors in order to reduce certain costs, and most of all, increase its presence (commercial and mainly industrial) worldwide
Favry, Olivier. "Les nouvelles relations entre l'industrie automobile et l'État aux États-unis de 1979 à 1991". Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0033.
Texto completoGallez, Caroline. "Modèles de projection à long terme de la structure du parc et du marché de l'automobile". Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010055.
Texto completoThis thesis aims at formalizing a new approach for long term forecasting of the structure of the private car fleet and the car market. The particular application studied here concerns the french household car fleet and the car market with a time horizon of 2010. The main results center on the following three themes : forecasts of the rate of vehicle per adult, motorizatioin and multi-motorization ; disaggregation of these figures according to factors such as vehicle type, age, and fuel type explaining car use ; calculation of car survival functions differenciated between the same structuring variables (vehicle and fuel type), which permit an assessment of car demand and of the diffusion rate of new vehicles or innovation into the car fleet. We first present a critical revue of thedynamic demand analysis and of the existing models for car fleet forecasting. Next, we introduce our demographic approach, based on the same longitudinal analysis as recent developments with regard to pseudo-panels. This highlights, in particular, the dynamic effects related to diffusion process, demographic factors and income. Two models have been developped : the first is applied to car ownership bahavior of successive generations ; the second concerns the rate of renewal of cohorts of vehicles according to car survival functions
Al, Masri Kamal. "Les impacts de l'E-biseness sur la productivité des entreprises". Grenoble 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE21004.
Texto completoOur research is aimed at studying the impact of e-business on industrial performance. As an indicator of performance, we retain the measure of productivity. Our work suggests that e-business leads to a reorganization of economic activities, which is a factor of productivity. We studied the theoretical foundations of productivity gains obtained by e-business. The main analytical tool used is the theory of transaction costs. To verify the contribution of e-business in the industrial world, we studied two sectors: electricity and vehicle manufacturing. The results of our analyses show that e-business allows for significant productivity gains, particularly because of the improved coordination between the economic agents. To be able to measure exactly the contribution of e-business in terms of productivity gains, we propose a model in the form of a Cobb-Douglas production function. This model is adapted from several works based on the theory of endogenous growth. The main idea is that e-business constitutes an organizational change (similar to technological change) which can act on the production function. The model thus integrates a variable representing this technological change. We replace this variable by an indicator representing the degree of e-business in a particular business unit (the firm). This indicator is built from a certain number of selected criteria, which are supposed to represent the e-business reality of the firm
Garifullin, Renar. "Evolution récente et perspectives d'évolution de l'industrie pétrolière en Fédération de Russie et plus spécialement dans la République du Bachkortostan". Dijon, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001DIJOE003.
Texto completoFenneteau, Hervé. "Organisation industrielle et gestion des relations entre entreprises au sein d'une filière : la stratégie d'achat des constructeurs français d'automobiles". Montpellier 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985MON10014.
Texto completoRouquet, Aurélien. "Les processus inter-organisationnels de standardisation logistique : élaboration par abduction d’un cadre théorique d’analyse et de stratégies d’actions pour une association de standardisation automobile". Aix-Marseille 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX24010.
Texto completoOur PhD thesis originated in a request from GALIA, the standardization body comprising manufacturers and suppliers of the French automotive industry and aims to conceive a modelling of the interorganizational processes of standardization conducted by standardization bodies. It is divided into four parts. The first part demonstrates the utility of inter-firm standardization from a logistical point of view, describes GALIA, the real managerial situation on which our research was based and presents the methodological choices made in order to conceive the modelling. The second part, which takes the form of a critical literature review, shows that it was not possible to create this modelling with the existing theories, although these had originally appeared to be relevant. This was because, first; those frameworks restrict their organizational theories, as is the case with the economy of standardization in network industry and with the actor-network-theory; secondly, the intrication tool-structure theory is, for the moment, valid only when applied to an intra-organizational situation. The third part presents in narrative form, the data collected on one of the two inter-organizational processes of standardization observed in the automotive industry: the one concerning the logistics standard EVALOG. The fourth and last part proposes a modelling of the inter-organizational processes of standardization conducted by standardization bodies by the extension, by abduction, of the intrication tool-structure theory to such a context. It shows that the validity of this theory generated by abduction, though apparently limited for the time being to the context in which our observations were made, nevertheless explains
Jurgetz, Anton. "Mécanismes de photo-oxydation de vernis pour l'industrie automobile". Mulhouse, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MULH0316.
Texto completoYokota, Hiroki. "Capacités dynamiques et diversité des modèles de firmes japonaises : Une étude de cas et une illustration à partir de l’analyse historique de l’industrie automobile". Paris 13, 2013. http://scbd-sto.univ-paris13.fr/secure/ederasme_th_2013_yokota.pdf.
Texto completoRegard to the Régulation theory. We revisit the concept of the representative model. In the theory of the Japanese firm, the diversity of firms emerged during the Japanese economic crisis in 1990s. The literature tends to treat this question as a new economic phenomenon. However, our analyses of the evolutional process of Japanese firms suggest that a long-term heterogeneity of firm models can be observed. We particularly focus on the comparison of two Japanese firms evolved in different ways through the history of the Japanese automobile industry, Toyota and Honda. While being summarized into the concept of the Japanese firm model, these two firms both established their respective sources of long-term growth: the dynamic capabilities to innovate are composed of the core competence to innovate on the one hand, and the dynamic principle of the firm on the other. The dynamic capability of Toyota is characterized by its competence to develop organizational innovations and by the principle of continuous improvement, Kaizen. In contrast, that of Honda is dominated by a combination of technological and market innovations and the principle of flexibility. As a result, this comparative study of dynamic capabilities to innovate in the Japanese car industry shows that the diversity of firm models is not an exception; on the contrary, this diversity of firms has existed and evolved in the same national and sectorial environment for a long period of time
Cherif, Adnen. "Nouvelles technologies et restructurations dans l'industrie automobile : cas de la Corée du sud et du Brésil". Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010027.
Texto completoThe main objective of this study is to assess the impact of new technologies on the automobile industry. After a review of the recent major changes in the industry worldwige, we argued that the increasing integration of the world automobile industry influences the technological developement of some local industries through the exchange of parts, components and technical agreements. The central argument of our study is that the dynamics of the restructuring in the world car industry, together with current conditions of the local industries are the main driving forces for any successeful introduction and application of the new technologies. Partly because of its industrial policy based on: protectionism, never a free competition, a very low priority in the agenda of the governement to the technical cooperation, and really assistance and close links with multinationals, brazil failed to adapt its industry to the new competition. . . But still have capacities to seize other opportunities. Collaborating in the form of equity participation, technical agreement or management contracts (depending on the needs of world and local conditions)
Becuwe, Stéphane. "Analyses théoriques et empiriques du commerce intra-branche : application au commerce extérieur, 1850-1980 et à l'industrie automobile, 1974-1987". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988IEPP0020.
Texto completoLoes, André. "L'introduction du toyotisme dans l'industrie automobile brésilienne : spécificités, déterminants et obstacles". Paris 13, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA131014.
Texto completoBarth, David. "Le recyclage : une nouvelle dimension de gestion de la production : le cas de l'assemblage et du désassemblage automatisé des automobiles". Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1993STR30005.
Texto completoThe technical product and his production system are closely linked. Every modification of the characteristics of the technical product leads to modifications of the characteristics of the production system. The need of recycling products of the cars industry will transform the production system of cars. This is illustrated with the example of the assembly system as conventional production system and with the example of the disassembly system as new recycling system
Aljubayli, Ramia. "Recherche opérationnelle et équilibrage de ligne d'assemblage orienté coût : le cas de la production d'automobiles dans l'usine syrienne de Hmisho". Nice, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NICE0036.
Texto completoHaving a closer look at an automobile manufacturing plant, we find that the assembly line consists of many stations arranged sequentially. A product unit runs through the line in one direction and visits all stations that are interconnected by an automatic conveyor. This unit is subject to a series of operations carried out by operators for a limited time. During this period the operators should carry out all the required operations assigned to this station (less automation). The important issue to be addressed in the workshop is assigning operations along an assembly line in a way that no station is loaded more than the others. This issue is known as: the assembly line balancing problem. The objective of this thesis is to provide an optimal solution to this problem. Our study discusses the case of a manufacturing plant located in Syria. The study tries to solve the assembly line balancing problem with an objective of reducing production costs. Therefore, our key issue deals with determining a configuration associated with the minimum costs including the examination of optimization methods to be used. Two algorithms of operational research are proposed. The first is an exact method based on dynamic programming and the second is a heuristic algorithm based on the “Greedy” algorithm. By applying these algorithms to data of the “Hmisho Syrian plant” we find that the second algorithm gives better results with respect to the minimization of the production costs
Jacopin, Tanguy. "La spécialisation productive en Argentine et au Brésil, du consensus de Washington aux dévaluations du real et du peso : le cas de l'industrie automobile". Paris 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA030042.
Texto completoThe target of this PhD. Is to demonstrate why the reorientation given to the Argentine and Brazilian accumulation regime did not provide a stable growth path in a long-term perspective and did not decrease the external constraint. This last has increased in both countries following the ISI deficiencies, according to specific factors in each economy. The reforms bound to the Washington Consensus did not include these divergences and, thus, could not reduce the external constraint even if they favoured a total deregulation of these markets and the come back of multinational firms. The comparison between Argentina and Brazil has enabled to show that the industrial fabric, strengthened by a competitiveness policy linking multinational and local small and medium firms and by a coherent strategy in the regional integration process, could prevent from the increase of the external constraint. If the lack of alternatives for the capital accumulation in Argentina justified the flight of capital after the peso devaluation, the same phenomenon in Brazil has permitted, on the contrary, the beginning of a growth business cycle thanks to the opportunities given to the investors in the industrial network. The re-activation of the local industrial fabric is a mean to limit the expansion of the external constraint, above all in a context of inflow capital shortage without being the panacea, nonetheless. The study on the car industry focused on the limits of such a strategy
Ismaïlow-Nouals, Caroline. "La distribution automobile et le règlement 1400". Toulouse 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU10065.
Texto completoCar industry is an essential sector in the European economy by the weight of the global builders, subcontractors and repairers. The car is a high sophisticated product, dominated by electronics. The competiveness of the European builders is very important. That is the reason why the Commission has early considerate to enforce the exemption's mechanism because of economical advantages between the production and the distribution. Present rules N° 1400/02/CE of the Commission dated july 31st 2002 intensify the competition on the after-sales service market. They impose to buiders to supply a large access to technical information and diagnosis equipment. The exemption is not linked to the mutual law with the distribution (law N° 2790/1999/CE of th Commission dated december 22nd 1999) but to a special law created for the car distribution. The specificity of the solution is understadable by the specificity of the sector
Dalmasso, Cédric. "Internationalisation des activités d'ingénierie dans l'industrie automobile : les dynamiques d'acteur et de métier dans le processus d'organisation". Centre de gestion scientifique (Paris), 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ENMP0020.
Texto completoDelmer-Lantreibecq, Sylvie. "Le complexe automobile du Nord-Pas-de-Calais : mutations industrielles et recomposition spatiale". Lille 1, 1996. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1996/50377-1996-203.pdf.
Texto completoThis doctoral thesis aims at describing the regional industrial network initiated in the car industry, and at defining the inter-establishment relationships settled at different scales (from local to international scale). Firstly, a reference framework is defined for the present research. Next, the features of the regionalo car "complex" are outlined. Its diverse stages of development are specified. They enabled the car industry to lead the region up to become the third labour pool in the french car industry. The late locations reflect both of the manufacturers and the local actors and authorities recent strategies. What are the impacts of this activity on the regional space ? Are there privileged relationships (trade links, labour commuting) which have been settled within regional sub-spaces ? The organizational changes affecting the car industry allow us to better understand the changes in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais
Pompeigne, Jérôme. "L'organisation de la production automobile dans un contexte international : une approche par les fonctions frontières de coût". Dijon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003DIJOE003.
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