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Gustavsson, Fredrik y Anton Rinaldo. ""Get a better attitude!" : An analysis of media use and support/hesitancy attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccine". Thesis, Karlstads universitet, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-85224.
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This study examines the relationship between media use and support/hesitancy towards the COVID-19 vaccine. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between social media and traditional media use and support/hesitancy attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccine. We want to analyse how social and traditional media use as a news source is related to support and hesitancy attitudes. Furthermore, we want to see if media use as a news source has any relation to the trade-off attitude towards the COVID-19 vaccine. We have found a research gap in the COVID-19 pandemic and connection between social and traditional media use as a news source and support, hesitancy, and trade-off attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccine. RQ 1: What is the relationship between social media use as a news source and support/hesitancy towards the COVID-19 vaccine? RQ 2: What is the relationship between traditional media use as a news source and support/hesitancy towards the COVID-19 vaccine? The method of this study is a quantitative survey regarding media use before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and support, hesitancy, and trade-off attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccine. The population size is 201 Swedish citizens between the ages of 18-65. The sample was collected through a snowball sample. The study provides a theoretical framework consisting of crisis communication, misinformation, echo chambers, public opinion, and social amplification of risk. Furthermore, the study presents previous research which is similar to the study. The previous research presents some key findings such as social media use tends to increase during crises, how echo chambers can be increased by the feeling of fear, and research on attitudes towards vaccines. Previous research also presents how misinformation is being spread on social media and how the anti-vaccination movement takes advantage of the postmodern health paradigm which makes people turn to the internet with their medical problems. The study concludes that in some instances traditional media can have a positive relation to supportive attitudes and social media connects to some of the hesitant opinions towards COVID-19.Denna studie undersöker förhållandet mellan medieanvändning och förespråkande/tveksamhet mot COVID-19-vaccinet. Syftet med denna studie är att analysera förhållandet mellan sociala medier och traditionell medieanvändning och attityder till förespråkande/tveksamhet gentemot COVID-19-vaccinet. Vi vill analysera hur de sociala och traditionella medierna som nyhetskälla är relaterade till förespråkande och tveksamhet. Vidare vill vi se om medieanvändning som nyhetskälla har något samband med avvägningsinställningen till COVID-19. Vi har hittat ett forsknings hål i COVID-19-pandemin och sambandet mellan social och traditionell medieanvändning som nyhetskälla och förespråkande, tveksamhet och avvägningsattityder till COVID-19-vaccinet. RQ 1: Vad är förhållandet mellan användning av sociala medier som nyhetskälla och förespråkande/tveksamhet mot COVID-19-vaccinet? RQ 2: Vad är förhållandet mellan traditionell medieanvändning som nyhetskälla och förespråkande/tveksamhet mot COVID-19-vaccinet? Metoden för denna studie är en kvantitativ undersökning om medieanvändning före och under COVID-19-pandemin och förespråkande, tveksamhet och avvägning av attityder till COVID-19-vaccinet. Befolkningsstorleken är 201 svenska medborgare i åldrarna 18-65. Urvalet samlades in genom ett snowball sample. Studien har ett teoretiskt ramverk som består av kriskommunikation, misinformation, ekokammare, attityder och social förstärkning av risk. Dessutom presenterar studien tidigare forskning som liknar studien. Den tidigare forskningen presenterar några viktiga resultat, såsom användningen av sociala medier tenderar att öka under kriser, hur ekokammare kan ökas av känslan av rädsla och forskning om attityder till vacciner. Tidigare forskning presenterar också hur misinformation sprids på sociala medier och hur antivaccinationsrörelsen utnyttjar det postmodern health paradigm som får människor att vända sig till internet med sina medicinska problem. Studien drar slutsatsen att traditionella medier i vissa fall kan ha en positiv relation till stödjande attityder och att sociala medier ansluter till några av de tveksamma åsikterna mot COVID-19.
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Pedersen, Johanna y Lukas Hansson. "Consumers' attitude towards locally produced food products : a study on how the Covid-19 pandemic might have affected consumers attitudes". Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Fakulteten för ekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-22175.
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Kladias, Angela. "Parent-Child Relationships and Student Outcomes in Children: A Comparison Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic". Otterbein University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=otbnhonors1620458607619877.
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Hasselhuhn, Linnea. "Unga konsumenter och digitala betalningsmedel : Unga vuxnas attityder och acceptans till digitala betalningsmedel". Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik, konst och samhälle, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-85204.
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Abstract Purpose The purpose of the study was to investigate young Swedish consumers attitudes towards electronic payments. To answer this purpose, two research questions were formulated: What factors influence young adults' attitudes towards electronic payment? How can young adults' attitudes towards electronic payment be described? Method As for the quantitative part, questionnaires have been used to collect data which have then been analyzed by using regression analyzes. For the qualitative part, in-depth interviews have been used to describe young adults' attitudes and acceptance of electronic payment. Result The results of the study showed that there were various factors that had an impact on young adults' attitudes and acceptance of using electronic payment. The factors that were correlated to age were Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, risk, safety. Young adults' attitudes towards electronic payment were very positive and the respondents had a great acceptance of new forms of electronic payments. What the study has also concluded is that other people's influence had a small effect on other individual's attitude towards the usage of electronic payment. Factors that had a major impact on young adults' attitudes towards electronic payments was safety, speed, and ease of use.Sammanfattning Syfte Studiens syfte har varit att undersöka unga svenska konsumenters attityder till digitala betalningsmedel. För att besvara syftet upprättades två forskningsfrågor: Hur kan faktorer som påverkar unga vuxnas attityder till digitala betalningsmedel beskrivas? Hur kan unga vuxnas attityder till digitala betalningsmedel beskrivas? Metod Både en kvalitativ metod och kvalitativ metod har använts, en så kallad triangulering. Vad gäller den kvantitativa delen så har enkäter använts för att samla in data som sedan har analyserats med hjälp av regressionsanalyser. För den kvalitativa delen användes djupintervjuer för att beskriva unga vuxnas attityder och acceptans till digitala betalningsmedel. Resultat Studiens resultat visade att det fanns olika faktorer som hade en påverkan på unga vuxnas attityder och acceptans till att använda digitala betalningsmedel. De faktorer som hade ett samband med ålder var upplevd användarvänlighet, upplevd enkelhet att använda, risk- samt säkerhetsaspekter. Unga vuxnas attityder till digitala betalningsmedel var mycket positiva och respondenterna hade en stor acceptans till nya digitala betalningsmedel. Vad studien även har kommit fram till är att andra människors inflytande hade en liten inverkan på individens attityd till att använda digitala betalningsmedel. Faktorer som hade en stor påverkan på unga vuxnas attityder och användande var säkerhet, snabbhet och användarvänlighet.
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Holmgren, Brännström Ulrika y Ulrika Malmlöf. "KBT under den globala pandemin Covid-19 : Psykoterapeuters föreställningar om, och upplevelser av, terapeutisk allians vid övergången till psykoterapi via videolänk". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-179633.
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Under pandemin COVID-19 har hälsovården tvingats till hastiga anpassningar i form av användning av vård via videolänk för kontinuitet, vilket berör även psykoterapi. Trots omfattande evidens för effektiviteten av terapi via videolänk finns fortfarande myter hos kliniker att den terapeutiska alliansen äventyras i det digitala forumet, vilket kan försvåra implementeringen. Studiens syfte var att utforska psykoterapeuters upplevelser av psykoterapi via videolänk, med särskilt fokus på den terapeutiska alliansen (TA). Genom semi-strukturerade intervjuer undersöktes psykoterapeuters föreställningar, anpassningar samt erfarenheter av denna omställning. Data analyserades utifrån kvalitativ innehållsanalys och resulterade i tre kategorier; Kommunikation, Den bärande relationen samt KBT-interventionerna. Huvudresultatet indikerar att klinikerna har behövt anpassa behandlingen kontextuellt, kommunikativt samt innehållsmässigt för att främja alliansen, och att TA går att utveckla över videolänk. Detta sammanfaller med tidigare internationella studiers resultat. Utvecklingsområden som framkommit är aspekter självexponering som nytt fenomen och förändringar i maktstrukturen inom terapin. Omställningen har gått över förväntan positivt och delvis förändrat respondenternas inställning till videolänkterapi. Inom begränsningarna för denna studie beskrivs konsekvenserna och framtida forskningsriktningar.During the pandemic COVID-19 the health care has suddenly been forced to adjust their work and start using video conference to keep the continuity, which also impacts psychotherapy. Despite extensive evidence of the efficiency of video conference psychotherapy there are still myths among clinicians that the therapeutic alliance can be endangered by the digital format, which can complicate the implementations. The aim of this study is to examine the psychotherapists' experiences of psychotherapy via video conference, with particular focus on the therapeutic alliance (TA). Through semi-structured interviews we examined the psychotherapists conceptions, adaptations and the experiences of this readjustment. Data were analyzed based on qualitative content analysis; Communication, The solid relation and the CBT-interventions. The main results indicated that the clinicians needed to adapt the treatment contextually, communicatively and in terms of content to frame TA, and that TA can be developed via video conference. This coincides with previous international research. Areas of development is the new phenomenon self-exposure and transformation/change of equalization of power. The conversion has positively exceeded the expectations and has partly changed the respondents attitudes to therapy via video conference. Within the limitations of this study, implications and further directions for research are described.
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Lindén, Josefine y Josefine Östman. "Från Corona till flygstol : En kvalitativ studie om resebeteenden efter en pandemi". Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Turismvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-40989.
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Globalisation is increasing and mobility between countries is also increasing. One effect of this is that tourism is one of the fastest growing industries and international travel is gradually increasing. At the end of 2019, a new coronavirus occurred in Wuhan, China. The virus, named covid-19, coronavirus disease 2019, can be likened to a flu that causes respiratory problems. On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organisation (WHO) reported the new coronavirus as a pandemic. Covid-19 has been shown to have a devastating negative effect on the world economy and most industries, not least the hospitality industry. There is currently a dissuasion in Sweden from non-essential travel until 15 July 2020. Different attitudes may be created for this phenomenon. The purpose of the study is to investigate how swedish tourists' international travel behaviors may be affected after a pandemic. Two theories have been used to deal with behaviors and attitudes. Theory of reasoned action which is the main theory that describes the process of a chosen behavior, the complementary theory are push and pull factors. The study has a qualitative approach. The data collection was carried out using semi-structured interviews. The selection is of the content 18 individual interviews. An interview guide was designed based on eight themes from the chosen theories. The study has given insight that there is a continued interest in travel, while the study also clearly shows that there is a change in travel behaviour in travellers. This behaviour is based on a change in attitudes towards travel that will affect what future travel will look like, which is something that should be taken into account for future crises that may affect the hospitality industry. What may be noticed after covid-19 is that travelers take more account of hygiene and the importance of protecting the environment when traveling.Globaliseringen ökar och rörligheten mellan länder likaså. En effekt av det är att turismen är en av de snabbast växande branscherna och det internationella resandet ökar successivt. I slutet av år 2019 uppstod ett nytt coronavirus i Wuhan, Kina. Viruset som fått namnet covid19, coronavirus disease 2019, kan liknas vid en influensa som ställer till problem för luftvägarna. Den 11 mars 2020 rapporterade Världshälsoorganisationen (WHO) det nya coronaviruset som en pandemi. Covid-19 har visat sig ha en förödande negativ effekt på världsekonomin och de flesta branscherna, inte minst besöksnäringen. För närvarande finns en avrådan i Sverige från icke-nödvändiga resor fram till den 15 juli 2020. Till detta fenomen kan det komma att skapas olika attityder. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur svenska turisters internationella resebeteenden kan komma att påverkas efter en pandemi. Två teorier har använts som behandlar beteenden och attityder. Theory of reasoned action som är huvudteorin som beskriver processen för ett valt beteende, den kompletterande teorin är push- och pullfaktorer. Studien har en kvalitativ ansats. Datainsamlingen genomfördes med hjälp av semistrukturerade intervjuer. Urvalet är baserat på 18 individuella intervjuer. En intervjuguide utformades utifrån åtta teman från de valda teorierna. Studien har gett insikt om att det finns ett fortsatt intresse av resande, samtidigt som studien också visar tydligt att det finns ett förändrat resebeteende hos resenärer. Detta beteende grundar sig i en förändring av attityder kring resande som påverkar hur det framtida resandet kommer se ut, vilket är något som bör tas i beaktning för framtida kriser som kan påverka besöksnäringen. Det som kan komma att uppmärksammas efter covid-19 är att resenärer tar mer hänsyn till hygien och vikten av att värna om miljön när de reser.
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Dedeic, Emina y Angelina Sten. "Could IT be a matter of life or death? : - En studie om hur det digitala vårdmötet påverkar patienten och organisationen". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informatik och media, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-414727.
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Studies show that individuals over 65 years are underrepresented by those who utilizes digital health meetings. Since this is a relatively new research area there is not much previous research on how individuals’ attitudes towards digital health meetings in Sweden differ depending on age, and why. By conducting one study group with six respondents aged between 25-30, semi structured interviews with five older respondents aged between 63-75, and one semi structured interview with a Usability Specialist at Kry, this study aims to investigate how the attitudes differs between younger and older individuals, and how these attitudes are managed by digital healthcare actors. The results show that the younger respondents had a more positive attitude towards digital health meetings, mostly because of previous experience of the service. The physical contact proved to be more important to the older respondents in relation to trust. The younger respondents also experienced a normalized view of digital health meetings. To make older individuals experience a more normalized view of digital health meetings, they need more knowledge about the service. As the study was done during the 2020 Covid-19 pandemic, the virus is assumed to affect this, and hurry the normalization process of these services.
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Dueñas, Carolina y Shahla Aliyeva. "Resebeteenden under COVID-19 : En kvalitativ studie om COVID-19 påverkan på svenska konsumenters resebeteenden". Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Turismvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-41315.
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This study is about Swedish consumers' travel behavior and how they approach travel during the ongoing pandemic COVID-19. The study examines how COVID-19 has affected Swedish consumers thoughts about travel, what factors affect Swedish consumers travel behavior during a pandemic and what attitudes Swedish consumers have to travel during COVID-19. In order to get answers to the present purpose and question, this study has been based on a qualitative method where semi-structured interviews have been conducted with 12 respondents who have some kind of connection to travel. The theoretical framework of the study is based on the Theory of planned behavior and concepts as crises and risks, risk perception, the role of the media in crises. The results showed that swedish consumers follow authorities recommendations and restrictions to avoid risks that may arise in connection with COVID-19. The results also show that swedish consumers perceive risk as something negative and that COVID-19 is more or less is perceived as a risk. Consumers feel that media and news updates causes concern through scary headlines. But at the same time, they have helped consumers to form their own perceptions. The swedish consumers travel behavior has changed as the results also show that swedish consumers follow the travel advice of the authorities.Denna studie handlar om svenska konsumenters resebeteenden och hur de ställer sig till resande under den pågående pandemin COVID-19. Studien undersöker bland annat hur COVID-19 har påverkat svenska konsumenters tankar kring resande, vilka faktorer det är som påverkar svenska konsumenters resebeteenden vid en pandemi och vilka attityder svenska konsumenter har till resande under COVID-19. För att få svar på föreliggande syfte och frågeställningar har denna studie utgått från en kvalitativ metod där semistrukturerade intervjuer har genomförts med 11 respondenter som reser regelbundet. Studien tar avstamp i det teoretiska ramverket teorin om planerat beteende samt begreppen risker, riskuppfattning och massmedia. I resultatet framkom det att konsumenterna följer myndigheternas rekommendationer och restriktioner för att undvika risker som kan uppstå i samband med COVID-19. Resultaten visar även att svenska konsumenter uppfattar begreppet risk som något negativt och att COVID-19 mer eller mindre utgör en risk för de. Konsumenter upplever att medier och nyhetsuppdateringar har skapat en oro genom skrämmande rubriker, men att de på samma gång har hjälpt konsumenterna att bilda sin egna uppfattning. Svenska konsumenters resebeteenden har förändrats då resultaten även visar på att svenska konsumenter följer myndigheternas reseavrådan.
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Asplund, Henrietta y Malin Berg. "Sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att vårda patienter med Covid-19 : en litteraturöversikt". Thesis, Ersta Sköndal Bräcke högskola, Institutionen för vårdvetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-8981.
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Background: Infectious diseases due to viruses often originate from infected humans and animals and have for a long time been a major threat to humans and society. In December 2019, a new coronavirus was discovered which has been named SARS-CoV-2 and causes the disease Covid-19. This leads to a pandemic and quickly puts great pressure on healthcare globally. Being a nurse during a pandemic has proven to be challenging but also rewarding. Aim: The aim was to examine the experiences of registered nurses caring for COVID-19 patients. Method: The method is a literature review based on 7 qualitative, 2 quantitative and one mixed article. The articles were obtained in the databases CINAHL Complete and PubMed, published in the last 2 years with the keywords Nurses, Experience, Attitude, Nursing, Nursing care and Covid-19. The analysis method used was Friberg's and Henderson's nursing theory was used as a model.Results:The analysis identified three themes. To work under threat of infection, to perform nursing in challenging circumstances and changed view of the nursing profession. Conclusion: Nurses who worked with care of Covid-19 patients experienced that lack of experience led to clinical nursing suffering. The fear of becoming infected affects them both mentally and physically. It was an ethical dilemma to perform care of infectious patients without adequate protective equipment. The support from society and patients has strengthened nurses' profession.Keywords:Attitude, Covid-19, Experience, Nurses, Nursing, and Nursing care.Bakgrund: Smittsamma sjukdomar på grund av virus härstammar ofta från sjuka människor och djur och har länge varit ett stort hot mot människan och samhället. I december 2019 upptäcktes ett nytt coronavirus som får namnet SARS-CoV-2 och orsakar sjukdomen Covid-19. Det leder till en pandemi och sätter snabbt stor press på sjukvården världen över. Att vara sjuksköterska under en pandemi har visat sig vara utmanande men även givande. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att vårda patienter med Covid-19. Metod: Metoden är en litteraturöversikt baserad på 7 kvalitativa, 2 kvantitativa och en mixad artikel. Artiklarna hittades i databaserna CINAHL Complete och PubMed och var publicerade de senaste två åren. Sökord som användes var Nurses, Experience, Attitude, Nursing, Nursing care och Covid-19. Analysmetoden som användes var enligt Friberg och Hendersons teori användes som teoretisk utgångspunkt.Resultat:Analysen identifierade tre teman. Att arbeta under hot om smitta, Att utföra omvårdnad under utmanande omständigheter samt Förändrad syn på sjuksköterskeyrket. Slutsats: Sjuksköterskor som arbetat med vård av patienter med Covid-19 har upplevt att bristande erfarenheter lett till att den kliniska omvårdnaden blir lidande. Rädslan av att bli smittad påverkade dem psykiskt och fysiskt. Det var ett etiskt dilemma att utföra vård av smittsamma patienter utan adekvat skyddsutrustning. Stöd från samhället och patienter har stärkt sjuksköterskornas profession.
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Cavar, Ivan y Malin Jansert. "Being forced to work from home : A focus on how having to work from home followingthe covid-19 pandemic has affected the employee’s performance and social work-life". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-178023.
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Title: Being forced to work from home – A focus on how having to work from home following the covid-19 pandemic has affected the employee’s performance and social work life Authors: Ivan Cavar and Malin Jansert Supervisor: Aliaksei Kazlou Background: Because of the recent Covid-19 pandemic many employers had to make the decision to recommend or even force employees to work from home. For some it was an easy transition, for others a real challenge not only by the means of whether one can actually perform their work at home, but also concerning what happens to us when we remove all the necessary social interactions we experience everyday with colleagues and other people connected to the workplace. Aim: The purpose of our research is to understand how the forced shift in working remotely has affected the employees’ attitude towards the professional and social aspects of the workplace. It aims to determine crucial personal and external factors influencing the attitude of said employees, and why (and if) their opinion about their workplace has changed.This paper aims to contribute to the field of external shock in organizations and sudden organizational change. Having waited with the theoretical framework until we had good overview of what the results looked like, we have found the research by Lee and Mitchell (1994) about employee turnover to be relevant to our findings. Although most research about employee turnover concerns itself with turnover per se, we still find the theories discussed relevant as the prerequisite to turnover is attitude changes among employees which is exactly what we want to look at and contribute to. The main contribution of this paper will be to look at how the changes in working routines have affected the specific employee, and how this in turn has affected the employee’s opinion about their workplace. We hope to give a glimpse of how these specific workplaces have been affected and find reasons as to why this might have happened to better understand what factors influence the opinion about the workplace.Completion: To gather information about the perceived changes by employees, a qualitative study has been conducted through 13 interviews among two companies with jobs being based in government administration and academia. The different types of work give us good insight in how the same process has affected professions differently.Conclusion: The professors were affected by the change to a larger extent than the administration employees. Different employees were affected in different ways, but what affected everybody was a loss of social interactions as well as a new outlook on how to perform work.
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Högklint, Rasmus y Tim Lindholm. "Från fest till coronatest : En kvantitativ studie om hur studenters inställning ser ut till resandet under en pandemi". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för organisation och entreprenörskap (OE), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-100103.
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The corona virus evolved into a worldwide pandemic and is still going on upuntil the start of year 2021. The corona pandemic has changed a lot ofpeoples opinion and their attitudes towards travelling. In our research a lot ofstudents had travelled nationally during the pandemic at the same time theytended to not feel safe while doing so. The opinion towards the vaccine thatcame out late December 2020 and early January 2021 has had differentperceptions person to person. No signals for a fast recovery for the tourismindustry looks curtain. The purpose of this study is to investigate how Swedish students attitudetowards travelling looks during a pandemic - more specified towards theongoing corona pandemic. Focusing on different kind of factors in thetourism industry that does have a large impact, but also on how students tendto act with connection to travelling. What kind of factors students take intoconsideration and why, during the ongoing pandemic. The study has given insight that there is still a big interest from students totravel, even though there is a fear and disturbance within the society. Thestudy also shows that there has been a change in travel behaviour based onthe pandemic during 2020. The change in travel behaviour may affect thefuture of travelling and the tourism industry as a whole.
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Johansson, Tobias y Tobias Jonsson. "Risk, tillit och vaccinering -En kvalitativ studie om unga vuxnas resonemang kring vaccinationen av Covid-19 i en svensk kontext". Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-92441.
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The first case of Covid-19 in Sweden was confirmed at the end of January 2020. At the time of conducting this study the society has begun vaccination against the virus. Although a majority of the population seem positive towards vaccination, the question remains which factors are influencing this attitude. The aim of this study is to create an understanding of how young adults in Sweden reason about Covid-19 and the vaccination thereof. The aim of this study is answered with the following question statements, how do young adults in Sweden reason about the risk of Covid-19 and the vaccination thereof and how do young adults in Sweden reason about the vaccination formed by their natural attitude and trust towards expert systems. Previous research shows that risk and trust towards expert systems are influential factors on individuals' inclination towards vaccines, regarding child vaccines or previous influenza vaccines. Antecedent quantitative studies show differences in vaccination attitudes between age categories and that young adults were most likely to have a negative attitude towards vaccines. This qualitative interview study, focusing on individuals in the age category of young adults, shows how risk and trust towards expert systems can influence their reasoning regarding Covid-19 and the vaccine against the virus, furthermore it shows how their natural attitudes can be affected by the pandemic. The result of this study shows that the studied young adults tend to see more risks with Covid-19 towards other people than themselves, which can be a contributing factor to the attitude towards vaccination of that age category. This study also shows that a high trust in expert systems can enable a positive reasoning regarding the vaccine and that the subjects of this study’s natural attitudes are changed by the pandemic.Det första fallet av Covid-19 bekräftades i Sverige i slutet på januari 2020. Vid studiens genomförande har samhället påbörjat vaccineringen mot viruset. Även om majoriteten av befolkningen verkar positivt inställda till vaccinet återstår frågan om vilka faktorer som påverkar detta. Syftet med denna studie är att skapa en förståelse för hur unga vuxna i Sverige resonerar kring Covid-19 viruset och vaccinationen mot det. Syftet besvaras med följande frågeställningar, hur resonerar unga vuxna i Sverige kring risker med Covid-19 viruset och vaccinationen mot det och hur formas unga vuxna i Sveriges resonemang kring vaccinering av den naturliga inställningen och deras förhållningssätt till expertsystem. Tidigare forskning visar att risk och tillit till expertsystem kan vara påverkande faktorer på individers vaccinationsbenägenhet, åtminstone när det gäller barnvaccin eller tidigare influensavaccinationer. Tidigare kvantitativ forskning har även visat på skillnader i vaccinationsbenägenhet mellan åldersgrupper, där unga vuxna var mest troliga att vara negativt inställda. Denna kvalitativa intervjustudie med individer i åldersgruppen unga vuxna visar hur risk och tillit till expertsystem kan influera deras resonemang kring Covid-19 viruset och vaccineringen mot det samt hur deras naturliga inställning kan påverkas av pandemin. Resultatet av studien visar att respondenterna tenderar att se allvarligare på risker med Covid-19 gentemot andra än sig själva, något som kan vara en bidragande faktor till den åldersgruppens inställning till vaccinering. Studien visar även att en hög tillit till expertsystem möjliggör ett positivt resonemang kring vaccineringen och att den naturliga inställningen i pandemins samhälle är förändrad hos respondenterna.
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Sandell, Moa. "Den saken är klar, vad som än sker så kommer samhället aldrig vara sig likt efter det här : Människors erfarenheter av coronapandemin". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-448479.
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Bakgrund: Tidigare pandemier har haft negativa konsekvenser för både människan och samhället. Pandemihanteringen behöver anpassas till den lokala kontexten och åtgärderna kräver förändringar av människornas beteenden. För att dessa ska kunna implementeras på ett fördelaktigt sätt krävs det information om människors upplevelser och uppfattningar i en pandemikontext. Syfte: Att studera erfarenheter gällande coronapandemin och dess konsekvenser hos människor som lever i en ö-värld. Metod: Studiens deltagare (n=21) rekryterades från Ålands Covidkohort (ÅCK). Datainsamlingen skedde genom fyra fokusgruppintervjuer och dessa analyserades med hjälp av systematisk textkondensering. Resultat: Tre kategorier identifierades genom analysen. Den första kategorin handlar om både positiva och negativa förändringar gällande arbete, studier, vardag och det sociala livet. I den andra kategorin tar deltagarna upp oron för både framtiden och anhöriga, samt den psykiska påverkan som pandemin har lett till. Den sista kategorin handlar om erfarenheter kring pandemihanteringen, förvirring och frustration kopplat till denna, tilliten till myndigheter samt en gemensam strävan att stoppa pandemin. Slutsats: Ålands egenskap av ö-värld har påverkat människornas erfarenheter av pandemin. Ön är positionerad mellan två länder och pandemin har påverkat förhållandet till dessa.Litenheten har bidragit till ett socialt tryck och en ansvarskänsla. Det är viktigt att ta hänsyn till den lokala kontexten samt vilken fas pandemin befinner sig i vid framtida studier.Background: Previous pandemics have had negative effects on both people and society. Pandemic management needs to be adapted to the local context and the measures require a behavioral change. To implement these measures in a beneficial way, information about people's experiences and perceptions in a pandemic context are required. Aim: To study experiences regarding the corona pandemic and its consequences on people living on an island. Method: The study was conducted on Åland and participants (n = 21) were recruited from Åland's Covid cohort (ÅCK). Data were collected through four focus groups interviews, and these were analyzed using systematic text condensation. Results: Three categories were identified through the analysis. The first category deals with both positive and negative changes regarding occupation, everyday life and social life. In the second category, the participants address their worry, both for the future and their relatives, as well as the psychological impact due to the pandemic. The last category deals with experiences of pandemic management, the confusion and frustration associated with it, trust in authorities and a joint effort to stop the pandemic. Conclusion: The fact that Åland is an island has affected people's experiences of the pandemic. The island is situated between two countries its relationship to these has been affected due to the pandemic. The littleness has contributed to social pressure and a sense of responsibility. It is important to consider the local context and the phase of the pandemic when conducting future studies.
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Hussein, Aida. "Inställning till vaccination mot covid- 19 i Rinkeby och Tensta, Sverige : Om vaccinationsvilja och tveksamhet i ett socioekonomiskt utsatt område i Sverige". Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-20031.
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Inledning: Vaccinationstveksamhet är ett fenomen som är viktigt att studera eftersom bekämpningen mot covid-19 och andra sjukdomar är beroende av att befolkningen vaccinerar sig. Området Rinkeby-Tensta har tidigare haft låg vaccinationstäckning på grund av oro över biverkningar. Syftet är att ta reda på inställningen för vaccination mot covid-19 i Rinkeby-Tensta. Metod: En tvärsnittsstudie utfördes med bekvämlighetsurval. Resultat: Resultatet visar att 72 respondenter besvarade enkäten varav 78 procent av respondenterna svarade att de antingen inte vill eller inte vet om de vill vaccinera sig. Diskussion: Utbildningsnivå är inte associerat med vaccinationsviljan. Att senarelägga vaccinacceptansen uppfattas som en fördel. Bekymmer över vaccinets biverkningar är en faktor i vaccinationsbeslutet.Introduction: Vaccine hesitancy is a phenomenon that is important to study when the fight against covid-19 and other diseases is dependent on the population being vaccinated. Rinkeby-Tensta previously had low vaccination coverage due to concerns about side effects. The aim is to measure the attitude toward vaccination against covid -19 in Rinkeby-Tensta Method: A cross-sectional study was performed with convenience sample. Results: Results show that 72 respondents answered the survey, of which 78 percent of the respondents answered that they either do not want or do not know if they want to get vaccinated. Discussion: Level of education is not associated with willingness to get vaccinated. To postpone vaccinations is perceived as a benefit. Concerns about the side effects of vaccine is a factor in the vaccination decision.
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Johansson, Linnea y Elisabeth Reszling. "Development of Activity-Based Workplaces and Working from Home : An investigation of how the COVID-19 experience have impacted employees’ attitude towards activity-based workplaces post-pandemic". Thesis, Jönköping University, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-54062.
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Activity-Based Working and Working from home are two ways of working that have been implemented by many organizations during the past years. However, the strike of the COVID-19 pandemic has caused firms to work from home until restriction of the ongoing pandemic have alleviated. Previous research has investigated the impact on employees when working activity-based respectively working from home during the pandemic with both positive and negative outcomes regarding communication and effectivity among other aspects. The purpose of the thesis is to investigate how the COVID-19 experience have impacted employee’s attitudes toward activity-based workspace post-pandemic. The study was following a qualitative research approach by conducting a case study. Data was gathered through semi-structured interviews and analysed to identify themes to gain a more in-depth knowledge of the findings. The findings confirms that the post-pandemic way of working is a mixture of activity-based working and increased desire of working from home. This depends on the matter of task and individual’s needs, much like the activity-based theory. What has changed is the perception of working from home that has showed employees benefits of increased focus and effectivity. The activity-based office will also provide effectivity, but with the link to socializing and physical communication advantages that working from home cannot offer. Organisations can use these findings to be better prepared when implementing activity-based workplaces and/or adapting to the challenges that the “new” working way may cause in the post-pandemic era.
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Huiskes, Pamela. "Prevalence of and attitudes towards technology-facilitated sexual violence during the COVID-19 pandemic". Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/10307.
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Despite the emerging body of literature concerning Technology-Facilitated Sexual Violence (TFSV) experienced by adults, it still is an underexplored topic. This study aimed to explore the scarce, but emerging literature, and to approach this phenomenon in the context of the current COVID-19 pandemic. One of the key findings from the literature review (article 1), is that there seems to be inconsistency whether there are significant differences between the prevalence of male and female victimization of TFSV. Previous studies showed, however, significant differences in types of TFSV victimization experienced by men and women. The available empirical data regarding adult victimization is difficult to compare because terminology, definitions and measures being used to define TFSV remain inconsistent. To fill the gap within empirical research on online sexual victimization experienced by adults, a literature review has been carried out, followed by an empirical study on the prevalence of, and attitudes towards TFSV during the COVID-19 pandemic. To create some degree of standardization within this field of study, the TFSV Victimization Scale developed by Powell & Henry (2016) has been used to explore the topic in the theoretical framework (article 1). After this, the victimization scale has also been applied to a sample of 289 adults aged between 18 and 56 years old in the empirical study (article 2). In this sample, women were significantly more likely than men to report several forms of sexual harassment victimization. Non-heterosexual respondents were significantly more likely than heterosexual respondents to report 11 behaviors from the 21-item scale, spread over all four dimensions of TFSV. During the current COVID-19 pandemic, many types of violence against women and the LGBT+ community have intensified, and TFSV seems to be no exception. With almost half of the participants reporting that they ignored the behavior as a response to TFSV victimization, future research could focus on motives behind the underreporting of this type of violence. Additionally, more research should be conducted on sexuality- and gender-diverse persons, to better assess the scope and nature of TFSV experiences within this group.Apesar de alguma emergente literatura sobre a Violência Sexual Facilitada pela Tecnologia (TFSV) experimentada por adultos, continua a ser um tema subexplorado. Esta dissertação visa explorar a literatura escassa, mas emergente, e abordar este fenómeno no contexto da atual pandemia da COVID-19. Uma das principais conclusões da revisão da literatura (artigo 1), é que parece haver inconsistência acerca das diferenças significativas entre a prevalência de vitimização masculina e feminina de TFSV. Estudos anteriores mostraram, contudo, diferenças significativas nos tipos de vitimização de TFSV em função do género. Os dados empíricos disponíveis relativos à vitimização de adultos são difíceis de comparar porque a terminologia, definições e medidas utilizadas para definir a TFSV continuam a ser inconsistentes. Para preencher a lacuna dentro da investigação empírica sobre vitimização sexual em linha sofrida por adultos, procedeu-se a uma revisão da literatura, seguida de um estudo empírico sobre a prevalência e as atitudes em relação ao TFSV durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Para criar algum grau de padronização dentro deste campo de estudo, a Escala de Vitimização de TFSV desenvolvida por Powell & Henry (2016) foi utilizada para explorar o tema no quadro teórico (artigo 1) e foi também administrada a uma amostra de 289 adultos entre os 18 e os 56 anos de idade no estudo empírico (artigo 2). Nesta amostra, as mulheres apresentaram uma probabilidade significativamente maior do que os homens de denunciar várias formas de vitimização de assédio sexual. Os adultos não heterossexuais eram significativamente mais prováveis do que os heterossexuais dos inquiridos a denunciar 11 comportamentos da escala de 21 itens, repartidos pelas quatro dimensões da TFSV. Durante a atual pandemia de COVID-19, muitos tipos de violência contra as mulheres e a comunidade LGBT+ intensificaram-se, e a TFSV parece não ser exceção. Os resultados indicaram padrões de género na vitimização sexual, bem como na natureza da TFSV. Com quase metade dos participantes a relatar que ignoraram o comportamento como resposta à vitimização da TFSV, a investigação futura poderia concentrar-se nos motivos por detrás da subnotificação deste tipo de violência. Além disso, deveria ser conduzida mais investigação sobre pessoas com diversidade sexual e de género, para melhor avaliar o âmbito e a natureza das experiências de TFSV dentro deste grupo.
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Довгунь, Дмитро Олегович y Dmytro Dovhun. "Дослідження засобів текстової аналітики для опрацювання даних про COVID-19". Bachelor's thesis, 2021. http://elartu.tntu.edu.ua/handle/lib/35785.
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Кваліфікаційна робота присвячена дослідженню методів та засобів текстової аналітики для опрацювання даних про COVID-19. Метою роботи є підвищення рівня поінформованості наукової спільноти та дослідників щодо опіблікованих в предметній області COVID-19 статей.
В першому розділі кваліфікаційної роботи освітнього рівня «Бакалавр» подано розлогий аналіз предметної області опрацювання текстів в галузі COVID-19. Описано основи корпусів для видобування тексту щодо COVID-19. Виявлено та проаналізовано ресурси для моделювання текстового майнінгу для COVID-19.
В другому розділі кваліфікаційної роботи освітнього рівня «Бакалавр» описано системи опрацювання текстів щодо COVID-19. Досліджено пошукові текстові системи для публікацій щодо COVID-19. Проаналізовано системи опрацювання текстів щодо COVID-19 з функціями розвідки. Описано системи опрацювання текстів щодо COVID-19 спрямовані на дослідження та контроль якості джерел. Розглянуто системи узагальнення текстів щодо COVID-19. Досліджено системні огляди наукових джерел щодо COVID-19.Qualification work is devoted to the study of methods and tools of text analytics for data processing on COVID-19. The aim of the work is to raise the level of awareness of the scientific community and researchers about the articles published in the subject area of COVID-19. The first section of the qualification work of the educational level "Bachelor" presents an extensive analysis of the subject area of word processing in the field of COVID-19. The basics of text extraction enclosures for COVID-19 are described. Resources for text mining modeling for COVID-19 have been identified and analyzed. The second section of the qualification work of the educational level "Bachelor" describes the word processing systems for COVID-19. Text search engines for publications on COVID-19 have been studied. COVID-19 word processing systems with intelligence functions are analyzed. The word processing systems for COVID-19 aimed at research and quality control of sources are described. Systems of generalization of texts concerning COVID-19 are considered. Systematic reviews of scientific sources on COVID-19 have been studied.
ВСТУП 7 1 АНАЛІЗ ТЕКСТІВ У ГАЛУЗІ COVID-19. СТАН ДОСЛІДЖЕНЬ, КОРПУСИ ТА РЕСУРСИ 9 1.1 Аналіз предметної області 9 1.2 Корпуси видобування тексту щодо COVID-19 11 1.3 Ресурси для моделювання текстового майнінгу для COVID-19 13 1.4 Висновок до першого розділу 19 2 ЗАСОБИ ТЕКСТОВОЇ АНАЛІТИКИ ДЛЯ ОПРАЦЮВАННЯ ДАНИХ ПРО COVID-19 20 2.1 Системи опрацювання текстів щодо COVID-19 20 2.2 Пошукові текстові системи для публікацій щодо COVID-19 21 2.3 Системи опрацювання текстів щодо COVID-19 з функціями розвідки 23 2.4 Системи опрацювання текстів щодо COVID-19 спрямовані на дослідження та контроль якості джерел 24 2.5 Системи узагальнення текстів щодо COVID-19 26 2.6 Системні огляди наукових джерел щодо COVID-19 28 2.7 Узагальнення результатів проведених наукових розвідок щодо COVID-19 31 2.8 Висновок до другого розділу 34 3 БЕЗПЕКА ЖИТТЄДІЯЛЬНОСТІ, ОСНОВИ ХОРОНИ ПРАЦІ 35 3.1 Долікарська допомога при вивихах 35 3.2 Правила техніки безпеки при експлуатації обладнання 37 3.3 Висновок до третього розділу 39 ВИСНОВКИ 40 ПЕРЕЛІК ДЖЕРЕЛ 41 ДОДАТКИ
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Simões, Patrícia Sofia Francisco. "Intenção de vacinação contra a COVID-19 em Portugal : preditores sociodemográficos e psicossociais". Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/37013.
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A vacinação apresenta-se como uma das respostas fundamentais no controlo da pandemia por COVID-19, pelo que é importante compreender os preditores de intenção de vacinação por parte dos indivíduos, para assim promover a sua adesão. O presente estudo teve por finalidade avaliar a intenção de vacinação numa amostra de indivíduos da população portuguesa, bem como explorar um conjunto de variáveis sociodemográficas e psicossociais, baseadas em três modelos preditivos (i.e., Modelo de Crenças da Saúde, Teoria do Comportamento Planeado e Modelo dos 3 “C’s”), enquanto preditores dessa intenção. Adicionalmente, pretendeu-se perceber se as notícias sobre reações adversas e suspensão do programa da vacinação com uma das marcas de vacinas em circulação poderá ter tido impacto na confiança nas vacinas e nas intenções de vacinação.
O estudo realizado foi transversal, quantitativo, com dados recolhidos através de um questionário online. A amostra era constituída por 383 participantes, residentes em Portugal e que, à data não tinham ainda sido vacinadas contra a COVID-19. Os resultados evidenciaram que a intenção de vacinação era mais elevada entre pessoas com outra nacionalidade que não a portuguesa, entre profissionais de saúde, e entre aqueles que residiam com pessoas acima dos 65 anos. Os determinantes psicossociais que evidenciaram estar associados à intenção de vacinação foram o ceticismo, com uma relação negativa, benefícios percebidos, norma social e perceção de risco (suscetibilidade), todos com relações positivas relativamente à intenção de vacinação. Após as notícias que surgiram nos media acerca dos efeitos adversos potencialmente associados à vacina da AstraZeneca, verificou-se uma diminuição na intenção de vacinação e confiança em todas as vacinas, em especial na vacina da AstraZeneca. Estes resultados contribuem para a identificação de grupos-alvo de intervenção prioritária, bem como de um conjunto de crenças e preditores potencialmente modificáveis que poderão ser utilizados para promover a adesão à vacinação.Vaccination is one of the fundamental measures taken to control the pandemic due to COVID-19, which makes it important to comprehend the predictors of the intention of getting vaccinated, in order to promote its adherence. This study had the goal to evaluate the intention to get vaccinated in a sample of Portuguese individuals, as well as explore an ensemble of sociodemographic and psychosocial variables, based on three predictive models (i.e., Health Belief Model, Theory of Planned Behavior, and the 3 C’s Model), as predictors of said intention. Additionally, it was intended to understand if the news about adverse reactions and suspension of the vaccination program with one of the vaccine brands might have had impact on the trust on vaccines and intentions to get vaccinated. This study was transversal, quantitative, with data collected through an online questionnaire. The sample consisted of 383 participants, living in Portugal that, until the date, were not vaccinated against COVID-19. The results showed that the intention to get vaccinated was higher in people with other nationality non-Portuguese, in between health professionals, that lived with people above 65 years old. The psychosocial determinants that were associated with the intention to get vaccinated were skepticism, with a negative relation, understood benefits, social norm, and risk perception (susceptibility), all with positive relations considering intention to get vaccinated. After the emerging news on the media about the possible adverse effects associated to AstraZeneca, it was observed a decrease in the intention to get vaccinated and trust towards all vaccines, especially AstraZeneca. These results contribute to the identification of target groups that should be prioritized when intervening, as well as what beliefs and predictors potentially modified can be used to promote adherence to vaccination.
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Silva, Maria João Mortágua e. "The impact of Health Literacy on Knowledge and Attitudes towards preventive strategies against COVID- 19: a cross-sectional study". Master's thesis, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/134363.
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Introdução: Com a pandemia da COVID-19 introduziram-se um conjunto de medidas de mitigação baseadas no comportamento e nas atitudes pessoais. Na ausência de uma vacinação ou de um tratamento específico, a adesão a estas medidas é fundamental para diminuir a transmissão da infeção. A literacia em saúde é a base para a mudança dos comportamentos.
Objetivo: Caracterizar o impacto da literacia no conhecimento e atitudes face às estratégias de prevenção contra a COVID-19.
Metodologia: Este estudo transversal envolveu um questionário online aplicado a estudantes da Universidade do Porto, Portugal, englobando um conjunto de questões sobre conhecimentos e atitudes face à COVID-19, baseadas nas orientações europeias. A literacia em saúde foi avaliada pelo Newest Vital Sign (NVS). Aplicámos a regressão logística para estimar a relação entre ambos e os potenciais confundidores.
Resultados: Obtivemos 871 respostas (76,3% do sexo feminino), com uma mediana de idade de 22 anos. Encontrámos uma literacia adequada em 92% (IC95%: 90,2-93,8%), sem diferenças entre sexo e idade. Na análise global, 78,6% dos participantes (IC95%: 77,2-80,0%) apresentaram conhecimentos adequados e 90,4% (IC95%: 89,4-91,4%) apresentaram atitudes adequadas. Uma melhor literacia está associada a melhores atitudes (OR=1,212; IC95%: 1,002-1,467; p=0,048) mas não a melhor conhecimento (OR=1,141; IC95%: 0,981-1,326; p=0,086). Num modelo ajustado para sexo, idade e formação na área da saúde, o sexo feminino e a formação na área da saúde associam-se a melhores conhecimentos e atitudes.
Conclusão: Uma melhor literacia em saúde associa-se a melhores atitudes face à COVID-19, mesmo sem impacto significativo nos conhecimentos, constituindo um fator decisivo na implementação das medidas preventivas e na eficácia do combate à pandemia.Introduction: COVID-19 pandemic introduced a set of mitigation measures based on personal behavior and attitudes. In the absence of vaccination or specific treatment, it became essential to comply to these measures in order to reduce infection transmission. Health literacy is the basis for changing behaviors. Objective: To characterize the impact of literacy on knowledge and attitudes towards preventive strategies against COVID-19. Methodology: This cross-sectional study involved an online questionnaire applied to students of the University of Porto, Portugal, containing various questions concerning knowledge and attitudes towards COVID-19, based on European guidelines. Health literacy was assessed through the Newest Vital Sign (NVS). We applied logistic regression in order to estimate the relation between knowledge attitudes as well as potential confounders. Results: We collected 871 answers (76.3% female), with a median age of 22 years old. We found adequate literacy in 92% (95%CI: 90.2-93.8%), irrespective of gender and age. In the global analysis, 78.6% of the participants (95%CI: 77.2-80.0%) had adequate knowledge, and 90.4% (95%CI: 89.4-91.4%) had adequate attitudes. Better literacy was associated with better attitudes (OR=1.212; 95%CI: 1.002-1.467; p=0.048) but not with better knowledge (OR=1.141; 95%CI: 0.981-1.326; p=0.086). In a model adjusted for gender, age, and formation in health, female gender and formation in health were associated with better knowledge and attitudes. Conclusion: Better health literacy is associated with better attitudes towards COVID-19, even without significant impact on knowledge, it constitutes a decisive factor in the implementation of preventive strategies and in the effectiveness of the pandemic combat.
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Silva, Maria João Mortágua e. "The impact of Health Literacy on Knowledge and Attitudes towards preventive strategies against COVID- 19: a cross-sectional study". Dissertação, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/134363.
Texto completoResumen
Introdução: Com a pandemia da COVID-19 introduziram-se um conjunto de medidas de mitigação baseadas no comportamento e nas atitudes pessoais. Na ausência de uma vacinação ou de um tratamento específico, a adesão a estas medidas é fundamental para diminuir a transmissão da infeção. A literacia em saúde é a base para a mudança dos comportamentos.
Objetivo: Caracterizar o impacto da literacia no conhecimento e atitudes face às estratégias de prevenção contra a COVID-19.
Metodologia: Este estudo transversal envolveu um questionário online aplicado a estudantes da Universidade do Porto, Portugal, englobando um conjunto de questões sobre conhecimentos e atitudes face à COVID-19, baseadas nas orientações europeias. A literacia em saúde foi avaliada pelo Newest Vital Sign (NVS). Aplicámos a regressão logística para estimar a relação entre ambos e os potenciais confundidores.
Resultados: Obtivemos 871 respostas (76,3% do sexo feminino), com uma mediana de idade de 22 anos. Encontrámos uma literacia adequada em 92% (IC95%: 90,2-93,8%), sem diferenças entre sexo e idade. Na análise global, 78,6% dos participantes (IC95%: 77,2-80,0%) apresentaram conhecimentos adequados e 90,4% (IC95%: 89,4-91,4%) apresentaram atitudes adequadas. Uma melhor literacia está associada a melhores atitudes (OR=1,212; IC95%: 1,002-1,467; p=0,048) mas não a melhor conhecimento (OR=1,141; IC95%: 0,981-1,326; p=0,086). Num modelo ajustado para sexo, idade e formação na área da saúde, o sexo feminino e a formação na área da saúde associam-se a melhores conhecimentos e atitudes.
Conclusão: Uma melhor literacia em saúde associa-se a melhores atitudes face à COVID-19, mesmo sem impacto significativo nos conhecimentos, constituindo um fator decisivo na implementação das medidas preventivas e na eficácia do combate à pandemia.Introduction: COVID-19 pandemic introduced a set of mitigation measures based on personal behavior and attitudes. In the absence of vaccination or specific treatment, it became essential to comply to these measures in order to reduce infection transmission. Health literacy is the basis for changing behaviors. Objective: To characterize the impact of literacy on knowledge and attitudes towards preventive strategies against COVID-19. Methodology: This cross-sectional study involved an online questionnaire applied to students of the University of Porto, Portugal, containing various questions concerning knowledge and attitudes towards COVID-19, based on European guidelines. Health literacy was assessed through the Newest Vital Sign (NVS). We applied logistic regression in order to estimate the relation between knowledge attitudes as well as potential confounders. Results: We collected 871 answers (76.3% female), with a median age of 22 years old. We found adequate literacy in 92% (95%CI: 90.2-93.8%), irrespective of gender and age. In the global analysis, 78.6% of the participants (95%CI: 77.2-80.0%) had adequate knowledge, and 90.4% (95%CI: 89.4-91.4%) had adequate attitudes. Better literacy was associated with better attitudes (OR=1.212; 95%CI: 1.002-1.467; p=0.048) but not with better knowledge (OR=1.141; 95%CI: 0.981-1.326; p=0.086). In a model adjusted for gender, age, and formation in health, female gender and formation in health were associated with better knowledge and attitudes. Conclusion: Better health literacy is associated with better attitudes towards COVID-19, even without significant impact on knowledge, it constitutes a decisive factor in the implementation of preventive strategies and in the effectiveness of the pandemic combat.
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Pimentel, Bruna Viana Leão. "Telemedicine in pediatrics : perceptions, attitudes and preferences of parents and clinicians during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Portugal". Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/51624.
Texto completoResumen
Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2021Contexto: A Telemedicina (TM) é uma área em crescimento, cuja adoção tem sido lenta apesar das suas aplicações em Pediatria. Na pandemia COVID-19 houve uma implementação generalizada de TM como forma de resposta a esta crise. Objetivos: Caracterizar as experiências, perceções, atitudes e preferências de pediatras e pais/cuidadores de crianças, relativamente à utilização de TM em Pediatria, no contexto da pandemia COVID-19 em Portugal. Métodos: Estudo observacional exploratório com base em questionários dirigidos a pediatras selecionados a partir da Sociedade Portuguesa de Pediatria, e amostra de conveniência de pais/cuidadores de crianças até aos 16 anos, seguidos no Departamento de Pediatria do CHULN. Os dados foram colhidos através de dois questionários anónimos, em português, desenvolvidos com base em revisão da literatura e experiência dos autores, um para cada grupo – médicos e pais; consistindo em 5 e 6 secções respetivamente. Ambos questionam contacto prévio com TM; perceção de vantagens, desvantagens e riscos da TM; preferências, perceção de barreiras e recetividade relativamente à utilização de TM; caracterização sociodemográfica. Os participantes foram contactados via email, contendo o link para a página do questionário na plataforma LimeSurvey®. Estudo aprovado pela Comissão de Ética do CHULN e CAML. Ambos os questionários foram submetidos a teste piloto para aferir a aceitabilidade e exequibilidade. Resultados: Incluem 103 respostas do grupo de pediatras. A maioria dos participantes é do género feminino e exerce em hospitais públicos. Perceções de vantagens de TM incluem facilitação do acesso a cuidados de saúde, proteção contra infeções e redução do uso inadequado do Serviço de Urgência; barreiras percecionadas incluem preocupação em não avaliar o doente corretamente, questões acerca de responsabilidade médico-legal e regulamentação. Verificou-se recetividade para consultas de follow-up remotas. Conclusão: A conclusão deste estudo e estudos futuros são necessários para avaliar de que forma a TM pode melhorar a prática geral em Pediatria.
Context: Telemedicine (TM) is a growing field of healthcare. Its adoption has been slow despite its broad application in pediatrics. The COVID-19 pandemic has brought a widespread use of TM and as a much-needed response to an unprecedented crisis. Objectives: To characterize experiences, perceptions, preferences and attitudes among pediatricians and parents/caregivers of children aged 0-16 years, regarding the use of TM in Pediatrics, during the COVID-19 pandemic in Portugal. Methods: Cross-sectional exploratory survey study carried among pediatricians selected from the “Pediatric Portuguese Society” database and a convenience sample of parents of children, aged 0-16 years, who are patients at a Tertiary Care and Academic Hospital Center in Lisbon, Portugal. Data was collected using two versions of self-administered anonymous questionnaires, written in Portuguese, developed after a wide literature review and the panel’s expertise, one for each of the two groups - clinicians and parents. The questionnaires consisted of 5 and 6 sections, respectively. Both enquired about perceived benefits, disadvantages, and risks anticipated using telemedicine in pediatrics; previous contact with telemedicine; preferences, receptivity and perceived barriers; and sociodemographic data. Participants were contacted via email containing the link to the survey, based on the LimeSurvey® platform. The study was approved by the medical Ethics Committee. Both instruments were pilot tested for acceptability and feasibility. Results: Preliminary results include 103 questionnaires. Most of respondents were women and work in public hospitals. Perceived advantages of the use of TM include facilitators to accessibility, protection from infections and reduction of misuse of emergent medical care; barriers are mostly related to concerns of not correctly evaluating the patient, medicolegal and regulation matters. Participants are receptive to using TM for follow-up visits. Conclusion: The conclusion of this and further studies are required to better assess how TM can improve general practice in Pediatrics.
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Freitas, Pedro Miguel Monteiro. "Atitudes face à terapia online durante a pandemia COVID-19:dois estudos com clientes e terapeutas". Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/8414.
Texto completoResumen
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto
Universitário para obtenção de grau de
Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia
Clínica.INTRODUÇÃO: As atitudes face à terapia online são importantes preditores de adesão a esta. Com o início da pandemia COVID-19, a terapia online ganhou prominência, tornando-se essencial entender o papel atual e futuro desta modalidade. ESTUDO 1. Atitudes dos clientes portugueses face à terapia online. Objetivos: estudar as atitudes de clientes face à terapia online e a relação com caraterísticas sociodemográficas, clínicas e do processo terapêutico. Método: estudo comparativo com uma amostra de 80 clientes, recolhida em dois momentos da pandemia. As atitudes face à terapia online foram avaliadas pelo Online Counseling Attitudes Scale (OCAS). Resultados e Discussão: clientes demonstraram atitudes positivas face à terapia online e que a passagem teve um impacto neutro a ligeiramente negativo no processo terapêutico. Não se verificaram diferenças significativas nas atitudes para as variáveis sociodemográficas à exceção da idade, e observou-se uma associação positiva das atitudes com o tempo de acompanhamento online. ESTUDO 2. Atitudes dos terapeutas portugueses face à terapia online. Objetivos: estudar as atitudes de terapeutas face à terapia online, avaliando como se relacionam com caraterísticas sociodemográficas e profissionais, e as mudanças na prática terapêutica. Método: estudo comparativo com uma amostra de 542 terapeutas. As atitudes face à terapia online foram avaliadas pela escala OCAS (versão adaptada). Resultados e discussão: Os terapeutas clínicos evidenciaram atitudes razoavelmente positivas face à terapia online e mostraram-se no geral, satisfeitos com o aumento do trabalho à distância. As atitudes variaram significativamente, de acordo com o género, idade, facilidade de uso das tecnologias, formação em psicoterapia, orientação teórica e percentagem de clientes em terapia online. CONCLUSÃO: O meio online mostrou-se uma opção válida e segura para estabelecer terapia e tanto clientes como terapeutas, mostram-se abertos em continuar a utilizar a terapia online no futuro.
INTRODUCTION: Attitudes towards online therapy are important predictors of its adherence. With the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, online therapy gained prominence, becoming essential to understand the current and future role of this therapy modality. STUDY 1. Portuguese client’s attitudes towards online therapy. Objectives: evaluate client’s attitudes towards online therapy and its relationship with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, as well regarding the therapeutic process. Method: comparative study with a sample of 80 clients, collected in two periods of the pandemic. Attitudes towards online therapy were measured by the Online Counseling Attitudes Scale (OCAS). Results and discussion: clients displayed positive attitudes towards online therapy and stated that the transition to this modality had a neutral to slightly negative impact on the therapeutic process. No significant differences were found in the relationship between attitudes and sociodemographic variables except for age, but a positive association was found between attitudes and the amount of experience with online therapy. STUDY 2. Portuguese therapist’s attitudes towards online therapy. Objectives: investigate therapist’s attitudes towards online therapy and how they relate to sociodemographic and professional characteristics, accessing also changes in the therapeutic practice. Method: comparative study with a sample of 542 therapists. Attitudes towards online therapy were measured by the OCAS scale (adapted version). Results and discussion: therapists showed reasonably positive attitudes towards online therapy and were in general, satisfied with the increase in remote work. Attitudes significantly varied according to gender, age, ease of technological use, psychotherapy training, theoretical orientation and percentage of clients receiving online therapy. CONCLUSION: the online environment proved to be a valid and secure option to establish therapy and both clients and therapists, seem open to continue using online therapy in the future.
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Qian, Chengzhi. "A Quantitative Study Investigating the Attitudes toward Protective Behaviors against Outdoor PM2.5 Air Pollution Among Adults Living in Nanjing City, China". Thesis, 2021. https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-tgyz-4739.
Texto completoResumen
High PM2.5-related mortality and morbidity has become a public health concern in China. To date, there have been few studies investigating individual implementation and use of protective behaviors to counter outdoor PM2.5 air pollution levels in China. This study, therefore, aimed to investigate adults’ attitudes toward evidence-based protective behaviors against outdoor PM2.5 air pollution, the results of which might inform health educators and health promotion specialists about what they should emphasize when educating communities about protective behaviors in the PM2.5 air pollution days. Utilizing the purposing sampling method, a WeChat-based survey was conducted among 300 adult participants living in B residential area in Yuhuatai district of Nanjing, which is a representative city of high urbanization level and PM2.5 air pollution in China. The survey included total 16 items assessing participants’ background information, attitudes toward four evidence-based protective behaviors against PM2.5 air pollution, and knowledge regarding possibly effective protective approaches specifically related to Chinese medicine in the PM2.5 air pollution.
The results showed that the importance adults in Nanjing attached to wearing N95 respirator when walking outside, putting air filter (HEPA) at home, and avoiding unprotected outdoor sports activities in the PM2.5 air pollution was greater than closing all the doors, windows, and many openings in the PM2.5 air pollution. Regarding comparison of attitudes between pre- and post-controlled COVID-19 periods, the value adults gave to closing all the doors, windows, and many openings in the PM2.5 air pollution was higher during pre-COVID-19 period, whereas the opposite of circumstance took place when referring to other three protective behaviors. Regarding comparison of attitudes between biographic variables, adults aged 18-50 (including 50) attached greater importance to all the four protective behaviors than those aged 50+. In addition, adults having the habit of checking daily AQI ranked the behaviors of avoiding outdoor sports activities and wearing N95 respirator when walking outside in the PM2.5 air pollution in a higher position than those not. Implications for future research and practice are discussed, based on a critique of the present work.
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Horgan, Jacqueline. "“I’m Ready for Scientifical Duty!” Young Museum Program Alumnus’ Orientations Towards Science". Thesis, 2021. https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-t30k-g824.
Texto completoResumen
Science education has maintained a longstanding goal of enhancing societal interest, values, and understandings of science. Despite a series of public education reforms and efforts by scientific researchers, scientific literacy and passion remain sparse across the American public. In fact, many students demonstrate a lack of interest in the sciences as early as first grade, with major drop-offs occurring by the age of 14. This is further exacerbated for youth of color, as science is deeply rooted in pervasive and institutionalized racism. When accessible, out-of-school science experiences are uniquely positioned to promote youth agency, leverage students’ current values, and challenge structural inequities. Therefore, this work sought to highlight the narratives of three young science learners who identify as youth of color and graduated from an eight-year-long museum science program. A narrative inquiry was implemented, guided by Critical Race Theory and Cultural Learning Pathways as frameworks. Data from semi-structured interviews, questionnaires, and drawings provided insight into the students’ orientations towards science and the development of those orientations. The study took place during the Covid-19 outbreak. Implications of the pandemic on the study are discussed. Findings from the study suggest that students positively identify with science and feel at home in The Museum. It was also noticed, however, that the students maintained ideologies consistent with Western perspectives. Recommendations include creating homeplaces, making out-of-school learning more easily accessible, and creating justice-centered curricula.
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Costa, Cláudia Maria da Silva. "Adesão e atitudes dos psicólogos face à prática baseada em evidência em Portugal: validação da EAPBE-36". Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/75077.
Texto completoResumen
Dissertação de mestrado integrado em PsicologiaAs atitudes face à prática baseada na evidência (PBE) já há muito são exploradas, mas pouco se sabe sobre estas em Portugal. A literatura indica que há ainda uma grande parte de profissionais de saúde mental que tem uma atitude negativa face à PBE. Este estudo tem como objetivos 1) avaliar as atitudes dos psicólogos e estudantes de psicologia em relação à PBE, 2) identificar aspetos que possam contribuir para atitudes negativas face à PBE, 3) explorar o impacto do aumento da carga de trabalho na área da saúde mental, consequente da pandemia COVID-19, no uso da PBE e, por fim, 4) testar as propriedades psicométricas da Escala de Atitudes face à Prática Baseada em Evidência (EAPBE-36) em Portugal. Para esses efeitos foram recrutados 155 participantes (73 psicólogos e 82 estudantes de psicologia), que responderam a um questionário sociodemográfico, à EAPBE-36, à Escala de Fé na Intuição e à Escala de Necessidade de Cognição. As atitudes dos psicólogos e estudantes de psicologia portugueses face à PBE revelam-se positivas. A experiência, o modelo teórico de referência utilizado e um estilo de pensamento intuitivo parecem influenciar as atitudes face à PBE. A EAPBE-36 demonstrou boas propriedades psicométricas em Portugal.
Attitudes towards evidence-based practice (EBP) have long been explored, but little is known about them in Portugal. The literature indicates that there is still a large proportion of mental health professionals who have a negative attitude towards EBP. This study aims to 1) assess the attitudes of psychologists and psychology students towards EBP, 2) identify aspects that may contribute to negative attitudes towards EBP, 3) explore the impact of the increased mental health workload, resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, on the use of EBP, and finally, 4) test the psychometric properties of the Evidence-based Practice Attitude Scale (EBPAS-36) in Portugal. For these purposes, 155 participants (73 psychologists and 82 psychology students) were recruited, and answered a sociodemographic questionnaire, the EBPAS-36, the Faith in Intuition Scale, and the Need for Cognition Scale. The attitudes of portuguese psychologists and psychology students towards EBP are positive. Experience, the theoretical reference model used and an intuitive thinking style seem to influence attitudes towards EBP. The EBPAS-36 showed good psychometric properties in Portugal.
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Zhou, Yeqing. "Supply Chain and Service Operations with Demand-Side Flexibility". Thesis, 2021. https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-z46m-b217.
Texto completoResumen
In this thesis, we consider improving supply chain and service systems through demand-side management. In Chapters 1 and 2, we focus on a new notion of flexibility that has emerged in e-commerce called consumer flexibility. Motivated by the fact that some customers may willingly provide flexibility on which product or service they receive in exchange for a reward, firms can design flexible options to leverage this consumer flexibility for significant benefit in their operations.
In Chapter 1, we consider the context of online retailing where consumer flexibility can be realized through opaque selling, where some specific attributes of the products are not revealed to the customer until after purchase. In Chapter 2, we focus on the context of online booking systems for scheduled services where consumer flexibility can be realized through large time windows. The main findings are on the power of limited flexibility using simple flexible options with just a small fraction of customers willing to be flexible.
In Chapter 3, we study the issue of congested elevator queuing systems due to the requirement of social distancing during a pandemic. We propose simple interventions for safely managing the elevator queues, which require no programming of the elevator system and only manage passenger behaviors. The key idea is to explicitly or implicitly group passengers going to the same or nearby floor into the same elevator as much as possible. Simulations and stability analysis show that our proposed interventions significantly reduce queue length and wait time.
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Ribeirinho, Beatriz Pinheiro de Almeida. "The impact of COVID-19 on organic and conventional food consumption : examining the moderating effect of sustainable-self-esteem on the relationship between mortality salience and consumers´ choice and evaluations of organic versus conventional food". Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/35146.
Texto completoResumen
This study aims to build a deeper understanding of how the consumer choices, attitudes, purchase intention and willingness to pay change in face of the pandemic. This research examines this phenomenon within the food industry, since it is one of the most impacted industries during the pandemic, with a singular focus on organic versus conventional food consumption and self-esteem as a moderator.
Results indicate that the COVID-19 context has increased mortality salience, the awareness that death is inevitable. Yet, mortality salience is not impactful on consumers' evaluations and choice of food, except for the purchase intention for conventional products that seem to decrease in the COVID-19 context for consumers with lower self-esteem coming from sustainable behaviours. Nevertheless, the COVID-19 context shows to lead to more positive attitudes towards the consumption of organic food for consumers who have sustainability behaviours as their source of self-esteem.
This study suggests that retailers can influence consumers positively in the COVID-19 context, by making these products easily available to attract consumers to buy organic food. Also, to take advantage of the positive attitudes by consumers towards this type of products that seem to emerge during the pandemic.
This study provides valuable insight into consumer behaviour regarding organic and conventional food by examining the factors that influence consumers’ purchase intentions, willingness to pay, attitudes and choices towards food during a pandemic.Este estudo tem como objetivo compreender mais profundamente como as escolhas, atitudes, intenção de compra e vontade de pagar dos consumidores mudam, face à pandemia. Esta pesquisa examina este fenómeno dentro da indústria alimentar, por ser uma das mais impactadas durante a pandemia, com um foco singular consumo de alimentos orgânicos versus convencionais, utilizando e autoestima como moderadora. Os resultados indicam que no contexto do COVID-19 houve um aumento da saliência da mortalidade, a consciência de que a morte é inevitável. Todavia a saliência da mortalidade não impactou as avaliações dos consumidores e a escolha dos alimentos, com exceção da intenção de compra de produtos convencionais que parece diminuir no contexto do COVID-19 para consumidores com menos autoestima proveniente de comportamentos sustentáveis. No entanto, o contexto do COVID-19 parece conduzir a atitudes mais positivas em relação aos alimentos orgânicos para pessoas que têm comportamentos de sustentabilidade como fonte de autoestima. Este estudo sugere que os revendedores podem influenciar os consumidores positivamente no contexto COVID-19, disponibilizando facilmente esses produtos para atrair consumidores para a compra de alimentos orgânicos e aproveitar as atitudes positivas que parecem emergir em relação a este tipo de productos durante a pandemia. Este estudo fornece informações valiosas sobre o comportamento do consumidor em relação aos alimentos orgânicos e convencionais, examina os fatores que influenciam a intenção de compra, a vontade te pagar, as atitudes e as escolhas de alimentos durante a pandemia.
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Ribeiro, Rodrigo Amaral. "Impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on cause-related marketing". Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/24972.
Texto completoResumen
The COVID-19 pandemic sprouted a surge of borderless societal modifications. As
individuals felt their lifestyles suddenly arriving to a halt, businesses did as well.
However, consequential of corporations’ involvement in socially responsible practices
growth, individuals have sprinkled these with added responsibility to take action in
easing the effects of the pandemic.
This research addresses the socially responsible corporate practice of Cause-Related
Marketing and seeks to fill the gaps in the literature by uncovering if or how a cause’s
temporal orientation (immediate vs ongoing) sways consumers’ behaviours, taking into
consideration the involving society’s current pandemic standpoint.
In order to study the detected gaps, two distinct causes: Banco Alimentar Contra a Fome
(immediate cause) and Liga Portuguesa Contra o Cancro (ongoing cause); are assessed.
Relying on the use of partial least squares structural equation modelling and a total of
300 consumers’ answers, a myriad of deductions are extracted.
Results show that there will be an impact on Cause-Related Marketing, since
consumers’ behaviour are set to change as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Additionally, it is found a contrast in consumers’ responses to a Cause-Related
Marketing campaign depending on the temporal orientation of the cause. For instance,
in an ongoing cause the higher the brand-cause fit the higher the attitudes toward the
Cause-Related Marketing campaign will be, and the higher the cognitive flexibility of
their consumers the higher the impact on purchase intentions.A pandemia de COVID-19 gerou uma onda de modificações sociais sem fronteiras. À medida que os indivíduos sentiam que o seu estilo de vida abrandava repentinamente, as empresas também o sentiram. No entanto, como consequência do crescente envolvimento das corporações nas práticas socialmente responsáveis, os indivíduos pressionaram-nas para tomarem medidas de modo a aliviar os efeitos da pandemia. Esta pesquisa aborda a prática corporativa de Marketing de Causas e procura preencher as lacunas encontradas na literatura propondo a descoberta de como, ou se, a orientação temporal de uma causa (imediata vs contínua) influencia o comportamento dos consumidores; tendo em consideração a pandemia em que a sociedade se encontra envolvida, atualmente. De modo a estudar as lacunas detectadas, duas causas distintas: Banco Alimentar Contra a Fome (causa imediata) e a Liga Portuguesa Contra o Cancro (causa contínua); são analisadas. Tendo por base o uso de modelagem de equação estrutural partial least squares e um total de 300 respostas de consumidores, várias deduções são extraídas. Os resultados demonstram que haverá um impacto da pandemia no Marketing de Causas, uma vez que o comportamento dos consumidores se alterou. Além disso, é encontrado um contraste nas respostas dos consumidores a uma campanha de Marketing de Causas, dependendo da orientação temporal da causa. Por exemplo, numa causa contínua, quanto maior o fit entre a marca e a causa, maiores serão as atitudes em relação à campanha de Marketing de Causas, e quanto maior a flexibilidade cognitiva dos consumidores, maior será o impacto nas intenções de compra.
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Filipe, Inês Ferreira de Sousa. "Idadismo no contexto da COVID 19: Representação das pessoas mais velhas nos jornais digitais Portugueses". Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/22805.
Texto completoResumen
A discriminação contra as pessoas mais velhas, designada por idadismo, é um problema enraizado na sociedade em que vivemos. No presente trabalho, procurou-se ficar a conhecer a representação das pessoas idosas em Portugal durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Para tal, foi feita uma análise temática indutiva com base em 347 publicações dos principais jornais portugueses em formato digital, recolhidas no período entre 2 de março – data do primeiro caso de COVID-19 em Portugal - e 4 de maio – data do final do Estado de Emergência. Os resultados mostram que a representação das pessoas idosas é idadista, ainda que haja notícias em que este grupo etário é valorizado e é reforçada a importância do combate a esta forma de discriminação. Algumas pessoas idosas entrevistadas consideram que, durante a pandemia, foram abandonadas pelos familiares, mas que são também um exemplo para os mais jovens, frequentemente contrariando o estereótipo que lhes está associado. Quanto ao cumprimento das orientações, os mais velhos foram também retratados como desobedientes. Finalmente, os resultados evidenciam que as atitudes idadistas, no que toca ao estereótipo, ao preconceito e à discriminação, são maioritariamente expressas de forma negativa.Discrimination against older people, called ageism, is a problem rooted in the society in which we live. In this work, we tried to get to know the representation of older people in Portugal during the pandemic of COVID-19. To this end, an inductive thematic analysis was carried out based on 347 publications of the main four Portuguese newspapers in digital format, collected in the period between 2 March - date of the first case of COVID-19 in Portugal - and 4 May - date of the end of the Emergency state. The results show that the representation of older people is ageist, even though there are news in which this age group is valued and the importance of fighting this type of discrimination is reinforced. Some older people interviewed consider that, during the pandemic, they were abandoned by family members, but that they are also an example for the youngest, often contradicting the stereotype associated with them. Regarding compliance with the guidelines, older people were also portrayed as disobedient. Finally, the results show that old age attitudes, considering the stereotypes, prejudice and discriminatory behaviors, are mostly expressed in a negative way.
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Shah, Nidhi Narendrakumar. "Comparison among factors - Autonomy, Attitude, and managerial support for job satisfaction in IT organization teleworking environment during COVID 19 – Research in India". Master's thesis, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/134284.
Texto completoResumen
Dissertation presented as the partial requirement for obtaining a Master's degree in Information Management, specialization in Information Systems and Technologies ManagementTeleworking offers a range of benefits to organizations and personnel. For one, it helps to reduce administrative and/or operational costs and improve work-life balance for employees. However, in the face of COVID-19 pandemic, the major challenge is continuity of business with teleworking environment. As organizations close their physical office space to curtail the spread of the viral infection. These disruptive tendencies placed huge demand on the management and employees in various organizations as some were not even used to teleworking environment beforehand. Beyond the technological inputs that make teleworking possible, there are other ends to ensuring its workability as the teleworking environment is even composed of both the social and technical subsystem. It is against this backdrop that this study was put forth to evaluate the drivers of job satisfaction of employees while utilizing teleworking support systems to carry out their work functions – which would have normally been done within the walls of a physical (traditional) office environment. Attitude, autonomy, and managerial support are three variables that can significantly impact the job satisfaction level of employees in a new/unfamiliar work terrain as presented by teleworking environment hence it is crucial to compare these three variables to examine the one that has the greater impact. A quantitative research method, involving 154 teleworkers from Indian organizations, was adopted in this study as the researcher aims to evaluate the impact of independent variables [such as autonomy, attitude, task allocation, managerial support, and perceived usefulness] on job satisfaction, the dependent variable. The mediating and moderating effects of certain variables on the relationship between specific independent variables and job satisfaction was also analysed. The SmartPLS 3.0 software was used in running partial least squares structural equation modelling analyses. From the findings, it was observed that attitude and autonomy of employee in teleworking support system had significant positive relationship with job satisfaction. The significance of combining a socio-technical model with a technology acceptance model is brough to light.