Siga este enlace para ver otros tipos de publicaciones sobre el tema: Association studie.
Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Association studie"
Crea una cita precisa en los estilos APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard y otros
Consulte los 50 mejores artículos de revistas para su investigación sobre el tema "Association studie".
Junto a cada fuente en la lista de referencias hay un botón "Agregar a la bibliografía". Pulsa este botón, y generaremos automáticamente la referencia bibliográfica para la obra elegida en el estilo de cita que necesites: APA, MLA, Harvard, Vancouver, Chicago, etc.
También puede descargar el texto completo de la publicación académica en formato pdf y leer en línea su resumen siempre que esté disponible en los metadatos.
Explore artículos de revistas sobre una amplia variedad de disciplinas y organice su bibliografía correctamente.
1
Badar, Sadaf, Bushra Khubaib, Muhammad Idrees, Abrar Hussain, Zunaira Awan, Sadia Butt, Samia Afzal et al. "Association of Hepatitis C Virus With Insulin Resistance: Evidences From Animal Studies and Clinical Studie". Hepatitis Monthly 12, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2012): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5812/kowsar.1735143x.4295.
Texto completo
2
Badar, Sadaf, Sadaf Badar, Bushra Khubaib, Bushra Khubaib, Muhammad Idrees, Muhammad Idrees, Abrar Hussain et al. "Association of Hepatitis C Virus With Insulin Resistance: Evidences From Animal Studies and Clinical Studie". Hepatitis Monthly 12, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2012): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5812/hepatmon.4295.
Texto completo
3
Müller, Thorsten y Thomas Schulz. "Dual-Phasen-Stahl – der Generalist unter den Mehrphasenstählen im Wandel der Zeit". Konstruktion 71, n.º 06 (2019): IW4—IW7. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/0720-5953-2019-06-64.
Texto completoResumen
Zunächst war es die Vision von World Auto Steel, der Automotive Group der World Steel Association, global verfügbare und einheitliche Stahlsorten am Markt anzubieten. Basierend darauf erhielten Stahlhersteller weltweit zur Jahrtausendwende von den Automobilherstellern die gemeinsame Aufgabe, eine entsprechende Studie zu erstellen, die den Arbeitstitel ULSAB erhielt.
4
Schöllmann, Claudia. "Immunthrombozytopenie". Onkologische Welt 13, n.º 05 (diciembre de 2022): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1938-7577.
Texto completoResumen
In einer Primäranalyse der laufenden Phase-II-Studie TAPER, die auf der Jahrestagung der European Hematology Association (EHA) 2022 präsentiert wurde, erreichte der Thrombopoetin-Rezeptor-Agonist (TPO-RA) Eltrombopag (Revolade®) bei einem relevanten Anteil von Patient*innen mit Immunthrombozytopenie (ITP) ein anhaltendes Ansprechen nach Absetzen.
5
Office, Editorial. "Audit Research Summaries". Maandblad Voor Accountancy en Bedrijfseconomie 90, n.º 5 (10 de mayo de 2016): 214–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/mab.90.31307.
Texto completoResumen
Ook deze maand presenteren wij weer enkele “Audit Research Summaries” uit de database van de American Accounting Association (www.auditingresearchsummaries. org). De eerste samenvatting betreft de studie met de titel “Auditing Related Party Transactions: A Literature Overview and Research Synthesis”. Deze studie verschaft een overzicht van onderzoek naar de controle van Related Party Transactions (RPTs). Een interessante bevinding luidt dat in geval van fraude die een accountant niet heeft weten te ontdekken, vaak de nodige RPTs hebben plaatsgevonden. Ook wordt geconstateerd dat in de gevallen dat RPTs gepaard gaan met een gebrekkige corporate governance, het risico op fraude relatief groot is.
6
Krome, Dr Susanne. "Fortgeschrittenes Harnblasenkarzinom". Onkologische Welt 09, n.º 05 (diciembre de 2018): 227–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1677594.
Texto completoResumen
Leitlinien verschiedener Fachgesellschaften, darunter der European Association of Urology (EAU), empfehlen bei muskelinvasiven Harnblasenkarzinomen vor der Zystektomie eine neoadjuvante Chemotherapie (NAC). Trotz der hohen Evidenz für einen Überlebensvorteil erfolgt sie wegen assoziierter Nebenwirkungen nicht immer. Eine aktuelle Studie belegt die Effektivität der NAC und vergleicht die Ergebnisse verschiedener neoadjuvanter Protokolle.
7
Schulz-Zander, Renate y Annabell Preussler. "Selbstreguliertes und kooperatives Lernen mit digitalen Medien – Ergebnisse der SITE-Studie und der SelMa-Evaluation". MedienPädagogik: Zeitschrift für Theorie und Praxis der Medienbildung 4, Jahrbuch Medienpädagogik (12 de agosto de 2017): 211–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21240/mpaed/retro/2017.08.12.x.
Texto completoResumen
Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt Ergebnisse zum selbstregulierten und kooperativen Lernen aus zwei vom Institut für Schulentwicklungsforschung der Universität Dortmund durchgeführten Studien vor. Es handelt sich um die deutschen Ergebnisse der Second Information Technology in Education Study – Module 2 (SITES M2) der International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA) und der Evaluation des Modellversuchs „Selbstlernen in der gymnasialen Oberstufe – Mathematik (SelMa)“.
8
Kretzschmar, Alexander. "Malignes Melanom". Onkologische Welt 13, n.º 03 (junio de 2022): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1840-2854.
Texto completoResumen
Auf der Jahrestagung der American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) wurden verschiedene Strategien bei Anti-PD-1-therapierefraktären Patienten mit malignem Melanom vorgestellt. Die Daten einer einarmigen Phase-II-Studie SPOTLIGHT-203 mit 42 Studienteilnehmern (57 % Männer, Alter: median 66 Jahre [27–88]) weisen auf die Wirksamkeit einer intratumoralen Injektion der immunogen wirksamen Forschungssubstanz BO-112 zusätzlich zur Therapie mit Pembrolizumab hin.
9
Knibbe, Ronald A., Jan Joosten, M. Choquet, Delphine Morin, M. Derickx, K. Monshouwer y Wilma Vollebergh. "Association of adolescent substance use with peer group and deviancy". SUCHT 52, n.º 4 (enero de 2006): 245–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/2006.04.04.
Texto completoResumen
Die Beziehung zwischen Substanzkonsum, Peergruppe und Devianz im Jugendalter <span class="fett">Fragestellung:</span> Ziel der Studie ist zu untersuchen, inwieweit sich Frankreich und die Niederlande im Zusammenhang zwischen Substanzkonsum der Peergruppe bzw. Devianz und dem eigenen Substanzkonsum im Jugendalter unterscheiden. Angenommen wird, dass die Beziehungen in Frankreich stärker ausgeprägt sind. <span class="fett">Methodik:</span> Daten wurden von französischen (n = 9,649) und niederländischen Jugendlichen (n = 4,930) erhoben. Multilevel-Pobitanalysen wurden durchgeführt. </p><p> <span class="fett">Ergebnisse:</span> In Frankreich geht der Cannabiskonsum der Peergroup mit einer höheren Wahrscheinlichkeit für eigenen Konsum einher als in den Niederlanden (OR: 14,8 vs. 5,7), während hier der illegale Drogenkonsum der Peergroup eigenen Konsum dieser Substanzen stärker prädiziert. Devianz war in Frankreich weniger mit Cannabis- oder illegalem Drogenkonsum assoziiert als in den Niederlanden. </p><p> <span class="fett">Schlussfolgerung:</span> Systematische Unterschiede in der Beziehung zwischen Peergroup
bzw. Devianz und Substanzkonsum liegen zwischen Jugendlichen beider Länder vor.
10
Koscielny, Sven. "Akute Larynxläsionen nach endotrachealer Intubation bei Kindern". Laryngo-Rhino-Otologie 97, n.º 01 (enero de 2018): 6–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-121844.
Texto completoResumen
Manica D et al. Association of endotracheal tube repositioning and acute laryngeal lesions during mechanical ventilation in children. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2017; 274: 2871–2876 Akute Larynxverletzungen zählen zu den Hauptrisikofaktoren der erworbenen subglottischen Stenose (SGS) bei Kindern nach intensivmedizinischer Behandlung. Manica und Kolleginnen/ Kollegen haben nun in einer prospektiven klinischen Studie an 231 Kindern untersucht, welche Faktoren das Risiko akuter Läsionen durch endotracheale Intubation über 24 Stunden beeinflussen können.
11
Górecki, Jan y Kateřina Slaninová. "BUILDING SYNTHETIC SOCIAL NETWORKS USING ASSOCIATION RULES AND CLUSTERING METHODS: CASE STUDY ON GLOBAL TERRORISM DATABASE". Acta academica karviniensia 13, n.º 3 (30 de septiembre de 2013): 56–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.25142/aak.2013.042.
Texto completo
12
Khoshhali, Mehri, Motahar Heidari-Beni, Mostafa Qorbani, Ramin Heshmat, Mohammad Esmaeil Motlagh, Hasan Ziaodini, Razieh Dashti, Majzoubeh Taheri, Fatemeh Mohebpour y Roya Kelishadi. "Association of Clustering of Unhealthy Lifestyle Behaviors with Perceived and Actual Weight Status of Children and Adolescents: the CASPIAN-V Study". Aktuelle Ernährungsmedizin 46, n.º 02 (abril de 2021): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1228-3948.
Texto completoResumen
Zusammenfassung Ziel Diese Studie wurde durchgeführt, um den Zusammenhang zwischen ungesundem Lebensstil und tatsächlichem und wahrgenommenem Gewichtsstatus in einer großen Stichprobe von Kindern und Jugendlichen zu bestimmen. Methoden Diese nationale Studie wurde in städtischen und ländlichen Gebieten in 30 Provinzen im Iran durchgeführt. Die Teilnehmer waren 14 880 Schüler im Alter von 7–18 Jahren. Die latente Klassenanalyse wurde auf der Grundlage von 11 ungesunden Verhaltensweisen in Bezug auf Ernährungs- und Bewegungsgewohnheiten durchgeführt. Ergebnisse Verglichen mit geringen ungesunden Verhaltensweisen war die Wahrscheinlichkeit mäßig ungesunder Verhaltensmuster bei Mädchen, die sich als übergewichtig/adipös empfanden, geringer als bei denen, die sich als normalgewichtig empfanden (OR, 95 %-KI: 0,76 [0,59; 0,97]). Das Risiko mäßig ungesunder Verhaltensweisen war bei Jungen, die sich von ihren Eltern als untergewichtig wahrgenommen wurden, größer als bei denen, die sich von ihren Eltern als normalgewichtig wahrgenommen wurden (OR, 95 %-KI: 1,65 [1,21; 2,24]). Schlussfolgerung Das wahrgenommene Körpergewicht korrelierte eher mit ungesunden Lebensgewohnheiten als mit dem tatsächlichen Gewichtsstatus. Die Korrelation des ungesunden Lebensstilverhaltens mit dem wahrgenommenen Gewicht war stärker als die mit dem tatsächlichen Gewichtsstatus. Eine Häufung ungesunder Lebensgewohnheiten kann zur Entwicklung von Initiativen zur Prävention von Adipositas auf individueller und öffentlicher Gesundheitsebene genutzt werden.
13
Ottenhausen, M., M. Danne y U. Meier. "Klinische Erfahrungen mit dem Sourire Cage bei 113 Patienten mit ventraler Spondylodese der Halswirbelsäule". Zeitschrift für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie 151, n.º 02 (abril de 2013): 163–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1328415.
Texto completoResumen
Die ventrale Spondylodese ist ein Standardeingriff zur operativen Behandlung von degenerativen Erkrankungen der Halswirbelsäule. Um die operative Fusion zweier Wirbelkörper zu erreichen, werden auf dem Markt verschiedene intervertebrodiskale Spacer zur Implantation angeboten. Das Ziel dieser Studie ist es, den klinischen und implantatspezifischen Krankheitsverlauf bei Patienten zu ermitteln, denen ein Sourire Cage implantiert wurde. Im Zeitraum vom 01. 01. 2008 bis zum 26. 08. 2012 operierten wir 113 Patienten aufgrund einer degenerativen Erkrankung der Halswirbelsäule mittels ventraler Spondylodese und Sourire-Cage-Implantation in der Neurochirurgischen Klinik im Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin. Bei allen Patienten fanden Nachuntersuchungen im Rahmen der Qualitätskontrolle nach SGB V nach 6 Wochen, 6 Monaten und 1 Jahr statt. Zur Bewertung der klinischen Symptomatik fand der von der Japanese Orthopedic Association eingeführte JOA-Score Anwendung. Des Weiteren erfolgten Röntgenuntersuchungen. Im Rahmen einer retrospektiven Studie untersuchten wir das Operationsergebnis sowie die Sinterungs- und Dislokationsrate. Die Symptomatik der Patienten verbesserte sich postoperativ zu 89 %. Die Verbesserung zeigte sich in den Nachuntersuchungen konstant. Sinterung des Implantats zeigte sich bei 10 % der Patienten. Eine Dislokation des Spacers ist bei keinem Patienten aufgetreten. Die Studie zeigt, dass die ventrale Fusion mittels Sourire-Cage-Implantation zu exzellenten und guten klinischen Ergebnissen bei niedrigen Komplikationsraten führt.
14
Baumgartner-Hirscher, Natalie y Jörg Zumbach. "Die Auswirkungen medialer Angebote auf das Körperbild von Jugendlichen". Einzelbeiträge 2019 2019, Occasional Papers (15 de octubre de 2019): 37–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21240/mpaed/00/2019.10.15.x.
Texto completoResumen
Der erhöhte Medieneinfluss trägt massgeblich zur Verbreitung eines aktuellen Frauenbildes bei, welches den Rezipientinnen und Rezipienten ein unrealistisches und ungesundes Bild des weiblichen und männlichen Körpers vermittelt (Dolan 1996; Stahr, Barb-Priebe, und Schulz 2003). Dieser soziokulturelle Einfluss ist neben biologischen, familiären und individuellen Faktoren einer der Entstehungsbedingungen für Körperbildstörungen, die ggf. auch zu Essstörungen führen können. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie ist es, die Frage zu beantworten, wie sich bestimmte mediale Angebote auf die Entwicklung des Körperbildes bei Jugendlichen auswirken, da diese als besonders anfällig für die Verinnerlichung und Übertragung von Medieninhalten gelten. Medien übernehmen beim Aufwachsen von Kindern und Jugendlichen zentrale Aufgaben. Sie beeinflussen das Handeln, die Einstellungen und das Wissen der Kinder (Schorb 2005). Die vorliegende Studie untersucht mit Hilfe des Implicit Association Tests (Greenwald, McGhee, und Schwartz 1998) und expliziten standardisierten Fragebögen sowie Körperbildskalen die Reaktion von Schülerinnen und Schüler auf idealisiertes Stimulusmaterial und versucht, den Zusammenhang von häufigem Medienkonsum und Diskrepanzen in der Wahrnehmung des Körperbildes zu ermitteln. Es konnten Auswirkungen des medialen Konsums attraktiver Darstellerinnen und Darsteller auf impliziter Ebene festgestellt werden. Auf expliziter Ebene, sowie bezüglich der Darstellung von Körperidealen, konnten keine Effekte gefunden werden.
15
Massy, Ziad A., Thomas Merkling, Sandra Wagner, Nicolas Girerd, Marie Essig, Christoph Wanner, Bengt C. Fellstrom, Patrick Rossignol y Faiez Zannad. "Association of Serum Phosphate with Efficacy of Statin Therapy in Hemodialysis Patients". Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 17, n.º 4 (2 de marzo de 2022): 546–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2215/cjn.12620921.
Texto completoResumen
Background and objectivesStatins are less efficacious in reducing cardiovascular disease risk in patients on dialysis than in the general population. Recent experimental data showed that phosphate excess promotes cellular de novo cholesterol synthesis through 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase activation. Whether this mechanism might account for the resistance of patients on dialysis to statins has not yet been explored.Design, setting, participants, & measurementsIn this post hoc analysis, we examined the efficacy of statin treatment according to serum phosphate levels in the patients on dialysis who were participants of the A Study to Evaluate the Use of Rosuvastatin in Subjects on Regular Hemodialysis: An Assessment of Survival and Cardiovascular Events (AURORA) trial using serum phosphate levels at baseline and during the trial course. We first classified the patients by groups of similar phosphate trajectories over time and tested whether phosphate as a longitudinal exposure (summarized by the identified trajectory groups) modulated the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events and all-cause death. We replicate the analysis in the Deutsche Diabetes Dialyze Studie (4D) trial.ResultsIn the AURORA trial, using multivariable analysis, we found that the treatment effect of statin on major adverse cardiovascular events and all-cause death was significant and protective effects in patients with low values of serum phosphate gradually faded for higher phosphate levels >5 mg/dl. A similar lack of statin treatment efficacy for both outcomes was observed with high baseline phosphate levels (>5 mg/dl). In the 4D trial, we found a comparable but not significant trend toward losing treatment efficacy in the presence of high serum phosphate levels for both outcomes.ConclusionsOur results demonstrated the limited treatment efficacy of statins in patients on dialysis in the presence of hyperphosphatemia.
16
Mihai, Carina. "Erhöhen Glukokortikoide auch kurzfristig das kardiovaskuläre Risiko? Eine Studie in Glukokortikoid-naiven Patienten mit rheumatoider Arthritis". Kompass Autoimmun 4, n.º 1 (2022): 22–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000521756.
Texto completoResumen
<b>Objectives:</b> Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), along with glucocorticoid use, is associated with cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular safety of glucocorticoids in RA is controversial and may be related to dose and duration of use. We determined if initiating glucocorticoids in steroid-naive RA patients would increase cardiovascular event (CVE) risk in a dose and duration-dependent manner over short-term intervals. <b>Methods:</b> Patients enrolled in CorEvitas (formerly Corrona) RA registry. Cox proportional-hazards models estimated adjusted HRs (aHR) for incident CVE in patients who initiated glucocorticoid treatment, adjusting for RA duration, traditional cardiovascular risk factors and time-varying covariates: Clinical Disease activity Index, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs use and prednisone-equivalent use. Glucocorticoid use assessed current daily dose, cumulative dose and duration of use over rolling intervals of preceding 6 months and 1 year. <b>Results</b>: 19 902 patients met criteria. 1106 CVE occurred (1.66/100 person-years). Increased aHR occurred at current doses of ≥5–9 mg 1.56 (1.18–2.06) and ≥10 mg 1.91 (1.31–2.79), without increased risk at 0–4 mg 1.04 (0.55–1.59). Cumulative dose over preceding 6 months showed increased aHR at 751–1100 mg 1.43 (1.04–1.98) and >1100 mg 2.05 (1.42–2.94), without increased risk at lower doses; duration of use over preceding 6 months exhibited increased aHR for >81 days of use 1.54 (1.08–2.32), without increased risk at shorter durations. One-year analyses were consistent. <b>Conclusions:</b>Over preceding 6-month and 1-year intervals, initiating glucocorticoids in steroid-naïve RA patients is associated with increased risk of CVE at daily doses ≥5 mg and increased cumulative dose and duration of use. No association with risk for CVE was found with daily prednisone of ≤4 mg or shorter cumulative doses and durations.
17
Olsson, Ulf, Astrid Regnell, Rikard Loman, Alfred Sjödin, Katarina Bernhardsson, Anna Nordenstam, Cecilia Alvstad, Mattias Fyhr y Per Erik Ljung. "Recensioner". Tidskrift för litteraturvetenskap 41, n.º 3-4 (1 de enero de 2011): 145–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.54797/tfl.v41i3-4.11803.
Texto completoResumen
Ulf Olsson om Egil TörnqvistStrindbergs dramatiska bildspråk, Amsterdam Contributions to Scandinavian Studies, Volume 7Amsterdam: Scandinavisch Instituut 2011, 251 s.
Astrid Regnell om Anna Westerståhl StenportLocating Strindberg’s Prose: Modernism, Transnationalism, and SettingToronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010, 216 s.
Rikard Loman om Roland Lysell (red.)Ibsens kvinnor – tolkade av scenens kvinnorLund: ellerströms, 2011, 368 s.
Alfred Sjödin om Thomas GötseliusSjälens medium. Skrift och subjekt i Nordeuropa omkring 1500 (Skrifter utgivna av Svenska litteratursällskapet, 48)Göteborg: Glänta, 2010, 469 s. (diss. Stockholm, 2010)
Katarina Bernhardsson om Petra Broomans (red.)From Darwin to Weil: Women as Transmitters of Ideas (Studies on Cultural Transfer & Transmission, 1)Groningen: Barkhuis, 2009, VIII + 185 s.
Anna Nordenstam om Alexandra BorgEn vildmark av sten. Stockholm i litteraturen 1897–1916 Stockholm: Stockholmia förlag, 2011, 372 s. (diss. Uppsala, 2011)
Cecilia Alvstad om Claes-Göran Holmberg & Per Erik Ljung (red.)IASS 2010 Proceedings. Föredrag vid den 28:e studiekonferensen i International Association of Scandinavian Studies (IASS) i Lund 3–7 augusti 2010.Lund University Open Access, http://nile.lub.lu.se/ojs/index.php/IASS2010/
Mattias Fyhr om Anna HöglundVampyrer. En kulturkritisk studie av den västerländska vampyrberättelsen från 1700-talet till2000-talet Växjö: Växjö University Press, 2009, 388 s. (diss. Växjö)
Per Erik Ljung om Margareta Petersson (red.)Världens litteraturer. En gränsöverskridande historiaLund: Studentlitteratur, 2011, 371 s.
18
Spandler, Kilian. "Regionale Integration durch normative Diskurse". Zeitschrift für Internationale Beziehungen 27, n.º 2 (2020): 5–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0946-7165-2020-2-5.
Texto completoResumen
Der Beitrag argumentiert, dass die variierende Erklärungskraft klassischer Theorien regionaler Integration auf normativ eingebettete Diskursdynamiken zurückzuführen ist. Grundlegend für diese These ist ein Modell regionaler Integration, das Anleihen bei Theorien kommunikativen und strategischen Handelns einerseits und der English School andererseits nimmt. Im Gegensatz zu den rationalistischen Frameworks von Intergouvernementalismus und Neofunktionalismus stellt es die diskursive Verfasstheit von Integration in den Vordergrund. Dementsprechend begreife ich konkurrierende Integrationslogiken nicht als objektive Kausalmechanismen, sondern als Diskursmotive. Deren Resonanz in konkreten Aushandlungsprozessen von institutionellem Wandel wird von einem normativen Kontext bedingt, der sich aus regionalen Primärinstitutionen konstituiert. Durch eine vergleichende Studie von Verrechtlichungsprozessen in der Europäischen Union (EU) und der Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) zeigt der Beitrag die variable Bedeutung funktionalistischer frames für institutionellen Wandel in Regionalorganisationen und erweitert so unser Verständnis der ‘scope conditions’ klassischer Theorien. Damit schlägt er eine Brücke zwischen der Europäischen Integrations- und der Vergleichenden Regionalismusforschung.
19
Huang, Wenhui, Pengyuan Wang, Zhen Liu y Liqing Zhang. "Identifying disease associations via genome-wide association studies". BMC Bioinformatics 10, Suppl 1 (2009): S68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-10-s1-s68.
Texto completo
20
Kobayashi, Hayao, Hal Whitehead y Masao Amano. "Long-term associations among male sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus)". PLOS ONE 15, n.º 12 (23 de diciembre de 2020): e0244204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244204.
Texto completoResumen
Little is known about the social structure of male sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) after they leave their natal units. While previous studies found no evidence for preferred associations among males, the observation of mass-strandings consisting exclusively of males, suggest that they have strong social bonds. To investigate the social associations among male sperm whales, we used half weight index of association, permutation tests and standardized lagged association rate models on a large photo-identification database collected between 2006 and 2017 in Nemuro Strait, Japan. Our results suggest that while male sperm whales are not as social as females, they do form long term associations, have preferred companionship, and forage in social proximity to each other. The best-fitting model to the standardized lagged association rate showed that associations among males last for at least 2.7 years and as most males leave the area after 2 years, associations may last for longer. Twenty dyads were observed associating over more than 2 years, for a maximum 5 years. One dyad was observed associating on 19 different days and clustered on 7 different days. Male associations may function to enhance foraging or to fend off predators. Such relationships seem to be adapted to a pelagic habitat with uncertain resource availability and predation pressure.
21
Kostem, Emrah y Eleazar Eskin. "Efficiently Identifying Significant Associations in Genome-wide Association Studies". Journal of Computational Biology 20, n.º 10 (octubre de 2013): 817–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cmb.2013.0087.
Texto completo
22
Merseburger, Axel S., Christoph Rüssel, Hanjo Belz, Philipp Spiegelhalder, Susan Feyerabend, Nguyen Tran, Katrin Kruetzfeldt, Werner Baurecht y Martin Bögemann. "Frühe vs. spätere Therapie mit Abirateron plus Prednison bei chemotherapie-naiven, asymptomatischen bis mild symptomatischen Patienten mit metastasiertem CRPC nach Androgendeprivation". Aktuelle Urologie 51, n.º 06 (8 de abril de 2020): 562–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1121-7593.
Texto completoResumen
Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Abirateronacetat (AA) ist ein Prodrug von Abirateron, einem irreversiblen Inhibitor der 17α-Hydroxylase/C17, 20-lyase. Seit 2011 steht Abirateronacetat in Kombination mit Prednison/Prednisolon (AA + P) zur Therapie des metastasierenden, kastrationsresistenten Prostatakarzinoms (mCRPC) nach Vorbehandlung mit Docetaxel, und seit 2012 zur Behandlung von Chemotherapie-naiven asymptomatischen oder mild symptomatischen mCRPC-Patienten zur Verfügung. Basierend auf einer Überarbeitung der Richtlinien der European Association of Urology aus 2014 mit Neudefinition der Kastrationsresistenz, stellte sich die Frage, wann und mit welchem Erfolg die Therapie eines mCRPC mit Abirateronacetat plus Prednison nach vorheriger Hormonbehandlung eingeleitet werden soll. Dies führte zur Untersuchung der frühen und einer späteren AA + P-Therapiekohorte. Patienten und Methodik Wir konzipierten daher eine kombinierte retro- und prospektive, multizentrische, nicht-interventionelle Zwei-Kohorten-Studie, um Daten zur Wirksamkeit und Sicherheit einer frühen gegenüber einer später einsetzenden AA + P-Therapie bei mCRPC-Patienten in der klinischen Routine zu erhalten. In der frühen Kohorte wurden Patienten beobachtet, die AA + P direkt nach Auftreten der Kastrationsresistenz ohne vorheriges Antiandrogen der ersten Generation wie z. B. Bicalutamid oder Flutamid erhalten hatten. Die späte Kohorte umfasste Patienten, die nach Auftreten der Kastrationsresistenz erst im Anschluss an eine gescheiterte Therapie mit Erstgenerationsantiandrogen mit AA + P begonnen hatten.Es wurden Patienten mit mCRPC dokumentiert, die eine AA + P-Therapie gemäß Arztentscheidung im Behandlungsalltag erhielten. Die Patienten wurden auf der Grundlage ihrer Krankenakten konsekutiv in die Studie einbezogen, wobei die Behandlungsentscheidung unabhängig von und vor der Aufnahme des Patienten in die Studie getroffen worden war. Die Patienten wurden von Beginn der AA + P-Therapie an bis zum Start einer Karzinom-spezifischen systemischen Folgetherapie dokumentiert bzw. verfolgt (retrospektiv, wenn vor oder prospektiv, wenn nach Beginn der Datenerhebung). Wirksamkeitsanalysen wurden für alle Patienten mit mindestens zwei AA + P-Gaben und Sicherheitsanalysen für alle behandelten Patienten durchgeführt. Ergebnisse Von den 159 eingeschlossenen Patienten erhielten 44 Patienten eine frühe Therapie (FTh) und 105 Patienten eine spätere Therapie (STh) mit AA + P. 10 Patienten konnten nicht eindeutig zugeordnet werden und wurden in einer dritten Kohorte (fehlende Therapiezuordnung; FTZ) zusammengefasst. Während 56/159 Patienten (35,2 %) bei Studienbeginn noch lebten, waren 103/159 Patienten (64,8 %) bereits verstorben (31/44, 70,5 % in FTh, 64/105, 61,0 % in STh und 8/10, 80,0 % in FTZ). 24 /159 Patienten (15,1 %) wurden sowohl retro- als auch prospektiv dokumentiert.Die AA + P-Behandlung dauerte im Median 11,3 Monate für FTh-Patienten, 12,0 Monate für STh-Patienten und 8,3 Monate für FTZ-Patienten. Die mediane Zeit bis zur nächsten systemischen Karzinomtherapie oder bis zum Tod betrug 12,3 Monate für FTh- und 12,8 Monate für STh-Patienten (p = 0,2820). Bis zur nächsten systemischen Karzinomtherapie alleine (d. h. ohne Ereignis 'Tod') verging eine mediane Zeit von 22,7 Monaten für FTh- und 23,3 Monaten für STh-Patienten (p = 0,5995). Das mediane Gesamtüberleben (OS) betrug 22,3 Monate für FTh- und 39,2 Monate für STh-Patienten (p = 0,0232).Die Häufigkeit schwerwiegender unerwünschter Ereignisse (SUEs) war gering. SUEs traten bei 3 /44 FTh-Patienten (6,8 %), 4/105 STh-Patienten (3,8 %) und 1/10 FTZ-Patienten (10,0 %) auf. Jeweils ein SUE unter FTh und STh hatte den Tod zur Folge. Schlussfolgerung Entgegen der neuen Definition zur Kastrationsresistenz wurde während des Beobachtungszeitraums der Studie AA + P in der täglichen Praxis weiterhin häufiger bei Patienten angewendet, die nach Auftreten von Kastrationsresistenz zunächst mit Antiandrogenen der ersten Generation behandelt wurden. Eine AA + P-Therapie scheint aber in der klinischen Routine bei mCRPC-Patienten wirksam und gut tolerierbar zu sein. Beim Vergleich der Studienergebnisse mit früheren ‚Real-World‘-Studien sind aber limitierende Faktoren zu berücksichtigen. Der beobachtete Unterschied im Gesamtüberleben könnte auf die Unausgewogenheit der Basis-Charakteristika zwischen beiden Kohorten hinsichtlich Patientenanzahl, zu Dokumentationsbeginn bereits verstorbener Patienten, Patienten mit viszeralen Metastasen und Patienten mit Opioiden zu Beginn der Behandlung mit AA + P zurückzuführen sein. Aus diesen Gründen hatten FTh-Patienten möglicherweise bereits initial eine schlechtere Prognose. Eine prospektive randomisierte und kontrollierte klinische Studie wäre daher notwendig, um einen möglichen Unterschied im Überleben und Ansprechen der Behandlung in Bezug auf den Zeitpunkt des Therapiebeginns zu untersuchen.
23
Schweiter, Martin, Monika Weinhold Zulauf y Michael von Aster. "Die Entwicklung räumlicher Zahlenrepräsentationen und Rechenfertigkeiten bei Kindern". Zeitschrift für Neuropsychologie 16, n.º 2 (enero de 2005): 105–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/1016-264x.16.2.105.
Texto completoResumen
Zusammenfassung: Hintergrund: Die Repräsentation der Größe von Zahlen in einem von links nach rechts orientierten mentalen Zahlenstrahl wurde bei Erwachsenen mit dem SNARC-Effektes dargestellt (Spatial Numerical Association of Response Codes: schnellere Reaktion linke Hand bei kleinen Zahlen und rechte Hand bei großen Zahlen; Dehaene, Bossini & Giraux; 1993 ). Fragestellung: Die Studie untersucht die Frage, ob SNARC-Effekte (SE) schon bei Kindern der 2. Klasse nachweisbar sind und welche Zusammenhänge zu Rechenleistungen bestehen. Methode: Untersucht wurden N = 113 Kinder aus einer repräsentativen Stichprobe aus dem Kanton Zürich. Die Überprüfung von Fertigkeiten der Zahlenverarbeitung erfolgte longitudinal im Kindergarten und in der 2. Klasse. Ebenfalls zum zweiten Testzeitpunkt erfolgte die Durchführung des computergestützten SNARC-Paradigmas. Ergebnisse/Diskussion: Etwa ein Drittel der Kinder zeigten einen SE. Über die gesamte Stichprobe ließ sich kein signifikanter Einfluss des SE auf die Testleistung nachweisen, es besteht jedoch eine signifikante Wechselwirkung mit dem Geschlecht. Bei Knaben korreliert der SE positiv, bei Mädchen negativ mit der Testleistung. Die Ergebnisse werden in Hinblick auf geschlechtsspezifische Aspekte der Entwicklung kognitiver Denkstile diskutiert.
24
Li, Huanhuan. "Research on the Autonomy of Industry Associations". Frontiers in Business, Economics and Management 7, n.º 3 (1 de marzo de 2023): 205–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/fbem.v7i3.5536.
Texto completoResumen
With the continuous advancement of the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity, industry associations, as an important part of social governance, play an increasingly important role in social life, which also poses greater challenges to the autonomy of industry associations. However, due to the complex and changeable industry environment and the influence of the industry association's own characteristics, the industry association has passive autonomy behaviors such as arbitrary fees, overcharging, and organizational monopoly in the actual performance of its responsibilities, which not only damages the reputation and autonomy of the industry association itself, but also seriously affects the healthy development of the industry as a whole. Therefore, this paper studies the problem of poor autonomy of industry associations, in order to provide valuable strategic suggestions for promoting the effective autonomy of industry associations and improving the autonomy level of industry associations.
25
Elkjær, Mette. "Readmission, mortality and quality of life among older adults who are acute admitted and receive homecare". Dansk Tidsskrift for Akutmedicin 5, n.º 2 (5 de septiembre de 2022): 8–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/akut.v5i2.132371.
Texto completoResumen
Ældre patienter har ofte flere kroniske sygdomme, funktionsnedsættelser og kognitive begrænsninger og kan derfor være ekstra udfordrede, når de bliver akut syge. Samtidig har ældre patienter, der modtages på fælles akutmodtagelserne (FAM), en højere risiko for genindlæggelse og mortalitet sammenlignet med yngre patienter. Nogle ældre patienter modtager hjemmehjælp, pga. behov for hjælp til Almindelig Daglig Livsførelse (ADL), forud for indlæggelsen. Behov for hjælp til ADL kan hænge sammen med oplevelsen af livskvaliteten blandt akut indlagte ældre patienter. FAM er specialiseret i hurtig udredning, diagnostik og behandling af akutte tilstande. Ældre patienter, der modtager hjemmehjælp, kan være særligt udfordret i denne kontekst med korte behandlingsforløb og stort flow af patienter. Det overordnede formål med dette projekt var at opnå nuanceret viden om livskvalitet, mortalitet og genindlæggelser blandt ældre mennesker, der modtager hjemmehjælp, og som bliver akut indlagt på en FAM.
I studie 1 undersøgte vi, i et registerbaseret kohortestudie, hvorvidt det at modtage hjemmehjælp var associeret med mortalitet og genindlæggelse indenfor 30 dage efter en akut indlæggelse, som varede mindre end 48 timer, samt hvorvidt omfanget af modtaget hjemmehjælp øgede risikoen for mortalitet og genindlæggelse. Vi inkluderede 80,517 patienter (51% kvinder; median alder 75 år). I alt 15,631 patienter modtog hjemmepleje (64% kvinder, median alder 83 år). Af dem modtog 4,938 patienter hjemmepleje ≤ 30 min., 4,033 modtog > 30 min. og ≤ 120 min. og 6,660 modtog > 120 min. per uge. Risikoen for genindlæggelse og mortalitet steg løbende med antal minutter modtaget hjemmehjælp. Patienter der modtog hjemmehjælp > 120 minutter per uge havde den højeste risiko for genindlæggelse indenfor 30 dage (Odds Ratio: 1.8) og for mortalitet indenfor 30 dage (Odds Ratio: 4.5) sammenlignet med patienter uden hjemmepleje.
I studie 2 undersøgte vi, i et tværsnitstudie udført på tre akutafdelinger i Region Syddanmark, associationen mellem individuel livskvalitet og henholdsvis det at modtage hjemmehjælp samt genindlæggelse indenfor 30 dage. I et semistruktureret interview evaluerede vi livskvalitet ved hjælp af spørgeskemaet ”The Schedule for the Evaluation of Individual Quality of Life—Direct Weighting” (SEIQoL-DW) (0–100). Vi inkluderende 406 patienter (49% kvinder; gennemsnitsalder 78 år (SD 8)), 156 af patienterne modtog hjemmehjælp og 84 blev genindlagt inden 30 dage. Patienterne reporterede en gennemsnits SEIQoL-DW score på 76 (SD 19), og de hyppigst valgte kategorier patienterne relaterede til individuel livskvalitet var ”Familie”, ”Sociale aktiviteter”, ”Helbred”, ”Hverdagslivet” og ”Fritidsaktiviteter”. Studiet fandt en signifikant association mellem at modtage hjemmehjælp og lavere individuel livskvalitet blandt akut indlagte patienter. Der var ingen association mellem genindlæggelse og individuel livskvalitet.
I studie 3 undersøgte vi ældre personers oplevelse af genindlæggelse i relation til livskvalitet i et kvalitativt studie med individuelle semistrukturerede interviews. Vi inkluderede 12 ældre patienter, der modtog hjemmehjælp, fra en akutafdeling. De var imellem 67–95 år, syv var mænd og otte boede alene. Gennem analysen blev udledt fem temaer: 1) Ansvar i hjemmet, 2) Frygt for at miste autonomi og uafhængighed, 3) Forventninger til helbred og død, 4) Familiens, venners og hjemmeplejens rolle og 5) Vigtighed af tillid. De ældre personer oplevede at hospitalet stræbte efter at opnå tidlig udskrivelse, mens de forsat følte sig syge. De var bekymrede og bange for, hvorvidt de kunne klare sig i hjemmet og for at miste deres uafhængighed og autonomi. Aktiv involvering af familie og venner gav de ældre patienter en øget følelse af tryghed. Modsat udtrykte ældre personer, der boede alene, angst og utryghed ved at være i hjemmet. Selv om de ældre personer ikke ønskede at komme på hospitalet, følte de sig usikre i hjemmet pga. utilstrækkelig behandling og en oplevelse af at være alene med ansvaret for deres sygdom.
Fra studierne konkluderes at det at modtage hjemmehjælp er associeret med en øget risiko for genindlæggelse og død efter en akut indlæggelse og yderligere en lavere livskvalitet målt ved indlæggelsen. Det er essentielt at fokusere på akut behandling i hjemmet, støtte fra familie og venner, respekt omkring autonomi og palliativ pleje, i samarbejdet mellem de fælles akutmodtagelser og den primære sundhedstjeneste for ældre personer, og især for gruppen der modtager hjemmehjælp, for at øge kvaliteten i pleje og behandling. Vores fund peger på at sundhedsprofessionelle skal have fokus på kategorierne ’Familie’, ’Sociale aktiviteter’, ’Helbred’, ’Hverdagslivet’ og ’Fritidsaktiviteter’ i behandlings- og plejeforløb for at understøtte de ældres individuelle livskvalitet. De ældre personer følte, at de blev udskrevet før de var klar, samtidig oplevede de at behandlingen i hjemmet var utilstrækkelig og derfor blev genindlæggelsen nødvendig for at kunne håndtere deres sygdom. Genindlæggelsen gav en følelse af tryghed blandt de ældre personer, fordi de kunne overdrage ansvaret for pleje og behandling til de sundhedsprofessionelle på akutmodtagelsen.
26
Hu, Jiayue, Liping Du, Wencheng Su, Shengyun Liu, Jing Deng, Qinfeng Cao, Gangxiang Yuan, Aize Kijlstra y Peizeng Yang. "Case-Control Study and Meta-Analysis Show a Weak Association between ANTXR2 Polymorphisms and Ankylosing Spondylitis in Chinese Han". BioMed Research International 2018 (5 de septiembre de 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8365173.
Texto completoResumen
Previous studies have demonstrated associations of ANTXR2 gene polymorphisms with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). These associations differ depending on the ethnic populations and AS subgroups studied. Purposes of the current study were to evaluate the associations of 4 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the ANTXR2 gene with susceptibility to AS alone or AS in combination with acute anterior uveitis (AAU) in Chinese Han. Therefore, a case-control association study was performed in 880 AS+AAU-, 860 AS+AAU+, and 1700 healthy controls. Genotyping was performed using the iPLEXGold genotyping assay. Our results showed a weak association of rs6534639 AA genotype with AS+AAU+ patients (p=0.042), which was lost after correction for multiple comparisons. No other association was found between SNPs of ANTXR2 and susceptibility of AS+AAU- or AS+AAU+. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the associations of polymorphisms in the ANTXR2 gene with AS. Results showed a weak association of rs4389526 with AS susceptibility in all studies but failed to show an association of rs6534639 with AS in Chinese Han. Taken together, this study shows no association between ANTXR2 polymorphisms and AS susceptibility in a Chinese Han population, but meta-analysis showed that rs4389526 in the ANTXR2 gene was weakly associated with AS susceptibility in both Caucasian and Chinese Han patients.
27
Gao, Shuling, Mark Assink, Tinting Liu, Ko Ling Chan y Patrick Ip. "Associations Between Rejection Sensitivity, Aggression, and Victimization: A Meta-Analytic Review". Trauma, Violence, & Abuse 22, n.º 1 (27 de febrero de 2019): 125–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524838019833005.
Texto completoResumen
Background: Rejection sensitivity (RS) is a personality disposition characterized by oversensitivity to social rejection; individuals who are sensitive to social rejection tend to anxiously or angrily expect, readily perceive, and overreact to it. The associations between (a) RS and aggression and (b) RS and victimization have been studied in recent years. However, the strength of these associations varied considerably between studies. This review aimed to synthesize the primary literature to improve our insight into these associations. Method: A comprehensive literature search yielded 52 studies (with a total of 66,405 participants and producing 203 effect sizes) on the RS-aggression and RS-victimization associations. Three-level meta-analytic models were used to synthesize effect sizes and to examine potential moderators of the RS-aggression association and the RS-victimization association, respectively. Results: There was a small but significant association between RS and aggression (pooled r = .183; p < .001) and a slightly below moderate and significant association between RS and victimization (pooled r = .298; p < .001). The RS-aggression association was stronger for angry RS than for anxious RS and stronger for reactive aggression than for proactive aggression. Similar results were obtained in analyzing the longitudinal associations only. Conclusions: RS is significantly associated with aggression and victimization. The implications of the results for clinical practice as well as directions for future research are discussed.
28
Wilson, Margie H., Anita D. Stuart y H. Gertie Pretorius. "Irritable bowel syndrome: The incidence of concurrent psychopathology". Health SA Gesondheid 4, n.º 1 (22 de octubre de 1999): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/hsag.v4i1.4.
Texto completoResumen
The goal of this study was to improve understanding of the association between physiology and psychology in Functional Gastrointestinal disorders by considering the co-morbidity of lrritable Bowel Syndrome and psychopathology in a sector of the South African population. A comparison was made between the incidence of concurrent psychopathology in a sample of 48 white female patients, aged 25 to 55 years and diagnosed with lrritable Bowel Syndrome and the incidence of psychopathology in a control group that consisted of 39 white women, aged 25 to 55 years, who did not meet the criteria for lrritable Bowel Syndrome.The Personality Assessment Inventory was used to determine the incidence of psychopathological personality traits and symptoms in the lrritable Bowel Syndrome group and the control group. This is a selfadministered, objective measuring instrument of adult personality that was developed to provide information about 18 critical clinical variables. The instrument was developed and standardised for use in the clinical assessment of individuals aged 18 years and older. Earlier studies showed a high incidence of associated psychiatric disorder in patients with lrritable Bowel Syndrome. This study confirmed this trend and it seems as if age and level of education has no influence on the incidence of psychopathology in patients with lrritable Bowel Syndrome.OpsommingDit was die doel van die studie om 'n verbeterde begrip van die assosiasie tussen fisiologie en sielkunde in Funksionele Maagderm Versteurings te bewerkstellig deur die komorbiditeit van Prikkelbare Dermsindroom en psigopatalogie binne 'n sektor van die Suid Afrikaanse populasie te oorweeg. 'n Vergelyking is getref tussen die voorkoms van konkurrente psigopatalogie in 'n steekproef van 48 wit, vroulike pasiente wat wissel in ouderdomme van 25 tot 55 jaar en gediagnoseer is met Prikkelbare Dermsindroom, en die voorkoms van psigopatalogie in 'n kontrolegroep wat bestaan het uit 39 wit vrouens wat nie aan Prikkelbare Dermsindroom ly nie en wie se ouderdomme gewissel het van 25 tot 55 jaar. Die "Personality Assessment Inventory" is gebruik om die voorkoms van psigopatalogiese persoonlikheidtrekke en simptome in die Prikkelbare Dermsindroomgroep en die kontrolegroep te bepaal. Hierdie is 'n self-geadministreerde, objektiewe meetinstrument van volwasse persoonlikheid wat ontwerp is om inligting oor 18 kritiese kliniese veranderlikes te verskaf. Die instrument is ontwikkel en gestandaardiseer vir gebruik in die kliniese taksering van individue vanaf die ouderdom van 18 jaar. Vroesre studies het 'n hoe voorkoms van geassosieerde psigiatriese versteuring in pasiente met Prikkelbare Dermsindroom getoon. Die tendens is bevestig in die studie en dit blyk asof ouderdom of opvoedingsvlak nie 'n invloed het op die voorkoms van psigopatalogie in pasiente met Prikkelbare Dermsindroom nie.
29
Bastaits, Kim, Dimitri Mortelmans y Christine Van Peer. "De opvoeding door gescheiden ouders en het welbevinden van het kind : wat is van tel ?" Relaties en Nieuwe Gezinnen 3, n.º 10 (31 de octubre de 2013): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/reng.v3i10.18244.
Texto completoResumen
Uit voorgaand onderzoek blijkt dat een effectieve opvoeding een positieve invloed heeft op het welbevinden van kinderen, ook na een ouderlijke echtscheiding. In deze studie gaan we ten eerste na of dit verband ook geldt voor kinderen van gescheiden ouders in Vlaanderen. Ten tweede onderzoeken we of zowel het geslacht van de ouder als de verblijfsregeling een verschil maken voor de associatie tussen ouderlijke opvoeding en welbevinden van kinderen na echtscheiding. We analyseren hiervoor een subsample van de dataset “Scheiding in Vlaanderen – SiV”, met informatie over 363 kinderen en hun gescheiden ouders. Uit de resultaten blijkt vooreerst dat voornamelijk ouderlijke steun positief gerelateerd is aan de zelfwaardering en levenstevredenheid van kinderen na een ouderlijke echtscheiding. Daarnaast vinden we ook dat de opvoeding door de vader even belangrijk is voor de zelfwaardering en levenstevredenheid van het kind als de opvoeding door de moeder, zowel voor kinderen in co-ouderschap als voor kinderen met een residentiële moeder en een niet‐residentiële vader.
Abstract :
From previous research, it has become clear that effective parenting has a positive impact on children’s well‐being, even after a parental divorce. In this study, we first investigate whether this association can also be found for children of divorced parents in Flanders. Secondly, we examine whether gender of the divorced parent and custodial arrangements could result in some heterogeneity regarding this association. Therefore, we analyze a subsample of the “Divorce in Flanders – DiF” dataset, which provides information on 363 children and their divorced parents. Results reveal that parental support has a positive impact on children’s self‐esteem and satisfaction with life. Furthermore, the parenting of the father appears to be as important for children’s self‐esteem and satisfaction with life as the parenting of the mother. This holds for children in joint custody as well as for children with a residential mother and a non‐residential father.
30
Hong, Seoung-Jin, Su Kang Kim, Dong Hwan Yun, Jinmann Chon y Hae Jeong Park. "Association between MicroRNA-4669 Polymorphism and Ischemic Stroke in a Korean Population". Disease Markers 2019 (5 de noviembre de 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7238319.
Texto completoResumen
Recent studies have explored the association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in microRNAs (miRNAs) and ischemic stroke (IS). In particular, the associations of rs2910164 (miRNA-146A), rs11614913 (miRNA-196A2), and rs3746444 (miRNA-499A) were intensively studied in IS. In this study, we investigated the associations between SNPs in miRNAs and IS including rs2910164, rs11614913, and rs3746444 in a Korean population. For a pilot study, we selected 19 SNPs in pre-miRNA region (including mature miRNA region) and genotyped in 140 IS patients and 240 control subjects using the Fluidigm Dynamic Array. Our pilot study showed a weak association of rs79402775 in miRNA-933 (p=0.044) and a relatively strong association of rs35196866 in miRNA-4669 (p=0.016) with IS. From the pilot study, we selected rs79402775, rs35196866, and rs7202008 (miRNA-2117; p=0.055) as candidate miRNA SNPs on IS and further genotyped these SNPs in 264 IS patients and 455 control subjects using direct sequencing. In addition, we further analyzed the associations of rs2910164, rs11614913, and rs3746444 that have been intensively studied in previous studies. In the further analysis, we found the significant association between rs35196866 and IS (p=0.0014 in additive model and p=0.00015 in dominant model; p=0.00037 in allele frequency analysis). However, the association between rs2910164, rs11614913, rs3746444, rs79402775, and rs7202008 and IS was not shown. These results suggest that miRNA-4669 may be involved in the susceptibility of IS.
31
Kehm, Rebecca D., Jasmine A. McDonald, Suzanne E. Fenton, Marion Kavanaugh-Lynch, Karling Alice Leung, Katherine E. McKenzie, Jeanne S. Mandelblatt y Mary Beth Terry. "Inflammatory Biomarkers and Breast Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review of the Evidence and Future Potential for Intervention Research". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, n.º 15 (28 de julio de 2020): 5445. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155445.
Texto completoResumen
Measuring systemic chronic inflammatory markers in the blood may be one way of understanding the role of inflammation in breast cancer risk, and might provide an intermediate outcome marker in prevention studies. Here, we present the results of a systematic review of prospective epidemiologic studies that examined associations between systemic inflammatory biomarkers measured in blood and breast cancer risk. From 1 January 2014 to 20 April 2020, we identified 18 unique studies (from 16 publications) that examined the association of systemic inflammatory biomarkers measured in blood with breast cancer risk using prospectively collected epidemiologic data. Only one marker, C-reactive protein, was studied extensively (measured in 13 of the 16 publications), and had some evidence of a positive association with breast cancer risk. Evidence associating other inflammatory biomarkers and more comprehensive panels of markers with the development of breast cancer is limited. Future prospective evidence from expanded panels of systemic blood inflammatory biomarkers is needed to establish strong and independent links with breast cancer risk, along with mechanistic studies to understand inflammatory pathways and demonstrate how breast tissue responds to chronic inflammation. This knowledge could ultimately support the development and evaluation of mechanistically driven interventions to reduce inflammation and prevent breast cancer.
32
Li, Gengxin y Hongjiang Zhu. "Genetic Studies: The Linear Mixed Models in Genome-wide Association Studies". Open Bioinformatics Journal 7, n.º 1 (13 de diciembre de 2013): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1875036201307010027.
Texto completoResumen
With the availability of high-density genomic data containing millions of single nucleotide polymorphisms and tens or hundreds of thousands of individuals, genetic association study is likely to identify the variants contributing to complex traits in a genome-wide scale. However, genome-wide association studies are confounded by some spurious associations due to not properly interpreting sample structure (containing population structure, family structure and cryptic relatedness). The absence of complete genealogy of population in the genome-wide association studies model greatly motivates the development of new methods to correct the inflation of false positive. In this process, linear mixed model based approaches with the advantage of capturing multilevel relatedness have gained large ground. We summarize current literatures dealing with sample structure, and our review focuses on the following four areas: (i) The approaches handling population structure in genome-wide association studies; (ii) The linear mixed model based approaches in genome-wide association studies; (iii) The performance of linear mixed model based approaches in genome-wide association studies and (iv) The unsolved issues and future work of linear mixed model based approaches.
33
Makhmadmurodova, Nodira Abdirasul Qizi. "ANALYSIS OF SYNTACTIC THEORIES OF ASSOCIATION IN LINGUISTICS". CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGICAL SCIENCES 02, n.º 05 (30 de mayo de 2021): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/philological-crjps-02-05-04.
Texto completoResumen
This article discusses the syntactic theories of compounding in world linguistics, examines the views of linguists on compounding, and points out the differences and similarities in these studies. In particular, the theoretical and practical work of Russian, German, Turkish and English linguists on linguistics has been studied and their views have been highlighted. In particular, it was noted that until now, the problem of vocabulary has been one of the most important issues on the agenda of scientific research
34
Lewis, Stephanie N., Elaine Nsoesie, Charles Weeks, Dan Qiao y Liqing Zhang. "Prediction of Disease and Phenotype Associations from Genome-Wide Association Studies". PLoS ONE 6, n.º 11 (4 de noviembre de 2011): e27175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0027175.
Texto completo
35
Cheung, Adam Ka-Lok y Lake Lui. "Hiring Domestic Help in Hong Kong". Journal of Family Issues 38, n.º 1 (10 de julio de 2016): 73–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192513x14565700.
Texto completoResumen
The associating factors of hiring domestic help have not been thoroughly studied in a non-Western context. Using household survey data ( N = 974), this article investigates the interactive role of gender attitude and women’s income on the decision to hire domestic help in Hong Kong. Some previous studies fall short in finding a significant association between respondents’ gender attitudes and the hiring of domestic help, while wives’ income is a consistent factor in the hiring of domestic help across a number of studies. In this study, we found that husbands’ traditional gender attitudes and wives’ high income sharply increase the likelihood of hiring domestic help. However, their associations with the hiring of domestic help are conditional on each other. In addition to women’s socioeconomic status, ideational factors should be taken into account in projecting local demand for domestic help and in understanding the increasing trend of domestic outsourcing.
36
Sazonovs, A. y J. C. Barrett. "Rare-Variant Studies to Complement Genome-Wide Association Studies". Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics 19, n.º 1 (31 de agosto de 2018): 97–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-genom-083117-021641.
Texto completoResumen
Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have revolutionized human disease genetics by discovering tens of thousands of associations between common variants and complex diseases. In parallel, huge technological advances in DNA sequencing have made it possible to measure and analyze rare variation in populations. This review considers these two stories and how they have come together. We first review the history of GWASs and sequencing. We then consider how to understand the biological mechanisms that drive signals of strong association in the absence of rare-variant studies. We describe how rare-variant studies complement these approaches and highlight both data generation and statistical challenges in their interpretation. Finally, we consider how certain special study designs, such as those for families and isolated populations, fit in this paradigm.
37
Qu, Hui-Qi, Matthew Tien y Constantin Polychronakos. "Statistical significance in genetic association studies". Clinical & Investigative Medicine 33, n.º 5 (1 de octubre de 2010): 266. http://dx.doi.org/10.25011/cim.v33i5.14351.
Texto completoResumen
Clinical & Investigative Medicine (CIM) is receiving an increasing number of reports of candidate-based association studies. The track record of such studies in the past has been poor: numerous genetic associations reported from candidate gene studies have not been replicated in later studies. The rise of the genome-wide association study (GWAS) is changing this situation. A well-designed GWAS may identify a number of candidate loci without bias by screening the whole human genome. Validating and fine-mapping the candidate loci from GWAS are required to clarify the genetic mechanisms. Thus, a candidate-based association study has become a well-directed effort, instead of searching for a needle in a haystack. In the post-GWAS era, exponential growth of candidate-based genetic association studies is expected. A pressing issue accompanying this new trend is the assessment of the validity of an association study. In this editorial, we illustrate the major cause of false positive association from random sampling bias by an empirical example, and emphasize the application of the probability theory in assessing the validity of a genetic association study.
38
Bergman, Miika, Solja T. Nyberg, Pentti Huovinen, Pirkko Paakkari y Antti J. Hakanen. "Association between Antimicrobial Consumption and Resistance in Escherichia coli". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 53, n.º 3 (22 de diciembre de 2008): 912–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00856-08.
Texto completoResumen
ABSTRACT During a 9-year study period from 1997 through 2005, the association between antimicrobial resistance rates in Escherichia coli and outpatient antimicrobial consumption was investigated in 20 hospital districts in Finland. A total of 754,293 E. coli isolates, mainly from urine samples, were tested for antimicrobial resistance in 26 clinical microbiology laboratories. The following antimicrobials were studied: ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, trimethoprim, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, pivmecillinam, and nitrofurantoin. We applied a protocol used in earlier studies in which the level of antimicrobial consumption over 1 year was compared with the level of resistance in the next year. Statistically significant associations were found for nitrofurantoin use versus nitrofurantoin resistance (P < 0.0001), cephalosporin use versus nitrofurantoin resistance (P = 0.0293), amoxicillin use versus fluoroquinolone resistance (P = 0.0031), and fluoroquinolone use versus ampicillin resistance (P = 0.0046). Interestingly, we found only a few associations between resistance and antimicrobial consumption. The majority of the associations studied were not significant, including the association between fluoroquinolone use and fluoroquinolone resistance.
39
Darvishzadeh, Reza. "Detection of ISSR markers linked to seed oil biochemical characteristics in castor (Ricinus communis L.) through association analysis". Genetika 48, n.º 3 (2016): 807–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gensr1603807d.
Texto completoResumen
In major crops, panels of germplasm accessions have been assembled for allele mining at targeted candidate genes and for whole-genome association mapping studies. A germplasm collection of 60 genotypes belong to 12 castor accessions from six different provinces of Iran were evaluated for seven biochemical traits as important seed oil components and tested for significant association with the allelic profile of 16 ISSR primers. Study of population structure as a prerequisite for association analysis showed that there is six possible subgroups (K=6) in the studied population that also barplot results confirmed it. Mixed linear model (MLM) were used to discover marker/trait associations. As a result, 37 marker-trait significant associations (P?0.05) were identified and a maximum number of marker-trait associations (27.03%) were identified for Stearic acid. The identified and associated markers are expected to be useful in marker-aided breeding of high oil content genotypes in castor.
40
Bastaits, Kim, Dimitri Mortelmans y Inge Pasteels. "Sporen van ouderverstoting in het SiV‐onderzoek". Relaties en Nieuwe Gezinnen 6, n.º 3 (30 de septiembre de 2016): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/reng.v6i3.18261.
Texto completoResumen
Inzicht in ouders en kinderen die geen contact meer hebben na scheiding blijft onderbelicht in het huidige familieonderzoek. Een erg specifieke vorm van een gebrek aan contact is ouderverstoting. Hoewel enkele studies dit thema al belicht hebben, blijft dit onderzoek schaars en kent het methodologisch beperkingen. Met deze studie willen we dan ook bijdragen aan onderzoek naar ouderverstoting en vertrekken we vanuit de grootschalige multi‐actorstudie ‘Scheiding in Vlaanderen – SiV’. Twee onderzoeksvragen worden beantwoord: (1) “Wat is de prevalentie van het vermoeden van ouderverstoting na scheiding in Vlaanderen?” en (2) “Hangt het vermoeden van ouderverstoting samen met een specifiek scheidingsproces?”.Daartoe analyseren we gegevens van zowel ouders (n = 1172) als kinderen (n = 499). Als eerste worden bivariate analyses uitgevoerd om de prevalentie van een vermoeden van ouderverstoting na te gaan bij zowel ouders als kinderen. Daarna wordt een multiple correspondentie‐analyse gebruikt om inzicht te verwerven in de eventuele samenhang van een vermoeden van ouderverstoting met het scheidingsproces. Hoewel een vermoeden van ouderverstoting niet vaak voorkomt, rapporteren zowel ouders als kinderen dat dit vaker voorkomt bij vaders dan bij moeders. Kinderen rapporteren wel hogere percentages dan ouders. Daarnaast blijkt ook dat een vermoeden van ouderverstoting vaker voorkomt bij een problematisch scheidingsproces.
Abstract :
Previous research on parent‐child relationships after divorce mainly concentrated on parents and children who still have contact. Nevertheless, few studies have focused on the non‐contact between parents (mostly fathers) and children after divorce. A very specific form of non‐contact is parental alienation, on which research is very scarce and limited to small samples. So, with this study, we will investigate parental alienation after divorce for a large, multi‐actor sample from the “Divorce in Flanders”‐project. Two research questions will be answered: (1) “What is the prevalence of parental alienation towards mothers as well as towards fathers after divorce?” & (2) “How are characteristics of the divorce process related to parental alienation?”. We integrate two perspectives in this paper by analyzing a parent‐dataset (n = 1172) as well as a child‐dataset (n= 499). First, we establish the prevalence of parental alienation with bivariate analyses. Second, multiple correspondence analyses are used to gain insight in the association between the divorce process and parental alienation. Results indicate that parental alienation affects a small group of families and father alienation is more common than mother alienation. Moreover child reports are higher than parent reports. Regarding the association between parental alienation and the divorce process, it is found that parental alienation is more common amongst problematic divorce processes.
41
Wuttke, Matthias, Franz Schaefer, Craig S. Wong y Anna Köttgen. "Genome-Wide Association Studies in Nephrology: Using Known Associations for Data Checks". American Journal of Kidney Diseases 65, n.º 2 (febrero de 2015): 217–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2014.09.019.
Texto completo
42
Wan, Xiang, Can Yang, Qiang Yang, Hong Xue, Nelson L. S. Tang y Weichuan Yu. "Detecting two-locus associations allowing for interactions in genome-wide association studies". Bioinformatics 26, n.º 20 (24 de agosto de 2010): 2517–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btq486.
Texto completo
43
Lee, Keum Hwa, Hyo Jin Seong, Gaeun Kim, Gwang Hun Jeong, Jong Yeob Kim, Hyunbong Park, Eunyoung Jung et al. "Consumption of Fish and ω-3 Fatty Acids and Cancer Risk: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses of Observational Studies". Advances in Nutrition 11, n.º 5 (3 de junio de 2020): 1134–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmaa055.
Texto completoResumen
ABSTRACT Multiple studies have suggested that ω-3 fatty acid intake may have a protective effect on cancer risk; however, its true association with cancer risk remains controversial. We performed an umbrella review of meta-analyses to summarize and evaluate the evidence for the association between ω-3 fatty acid intake and cancer outcomes. We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from inception to December 1, 2018. We included meta-analyses of observational studies that examined associations between intake of fish or ω-3 fatty acid and cancer risk (gastrointestinal, liver, breast, gynecologic, prostate, brain, lung, and skin) and determined the level of evidence of associations. In addition, we appraised the quality of the evidence of significant meta-analyses by using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system. We initially screened 598 articles, and 15 articles, including 57 meta-analyses, were eligible. Among 57 meta-analyses, 15 reported statistically significant results. We found that 12 meta-analyses showed weak evidence of an association between ω-3 fatty acid intake and risk of the following types of cancer: liver cancer (n = 4 of 6), breast cancer (n = 3 of 14), prostate cancer (n = 3 of 11), and brain tumor (n = 2 of 2). In the other 3 meta-analyses, studies of endometrial cancer and skin cancer, there were no assessable data for determining the evidence levels. No meta-analysis showed convincing, highly suggestive, or suggestive evidence of an association. In the sensitivity analysis of meta-analyses by study design, we found weak associations between ω-3 fatty acid intake and breast cancer risk in cohort studies, but no statistically significant association in case-control studies. However, the opposite results were found in case of brain tumor risk. Although ω-3 fatty acids have been studied in several meta-analyses with regard to a wide range of cancer outcomes, only weak associations were identified in some cancer types, with several limitations. Considering the nonsignificant or weak evidence level, clinicians and researchers should cautiously interpret reported associations between ω-3 fatty acid consumption and cancer risks.
44
Nisha, Shaidaton. "A Review on Association Between Diabetes Mellitus and Cataract Formation". Clinical Research Notes 3, n.º 2 (15 de marzo de 2022): 01–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2690-8816/054.
Texto completoResumen
Major cause of blindness among diabetic patients is cataract both in developed and developing countries. Diabetic ocular complications are most common in both type-1 and type-2 diabetes, considering the fifth most common cause of legal blindness. This review aims to systematically evaluate the studies on occurrence of cataract formation among diabetic patients, types of cataract and its mechanisms of pathogenesis. According to WHO, cataract is 33% of all type of visual impairment. Prevalence of cataract increased with increasing age in both younger and older onset diabetic persons. Females had higher rates than males. The pathogenesis of diabetic cataract development is still not fully understood. Population-based studies have greatly increased our knowledge concerning the association between diabetes and cataract formation and have defined risk factors for the development of cataract. Simply diabetic cataracts are characterized by cortical or posterior sub-capsular opacities. Aldose reductase and polyol are responsible for diabetes ocular complications. Mechanisms of diabetic cataractogenesis have been studied in less detail than those of other diabetic complications. Both animal and human studies support important contribution of increased aldose reductase activity. Several clinical studies investigated the role of phacoemulsification surgery and its post-surgery complications. Researchers are trying to develop aldose reductase inhibitors and antioxidants, may be effective treatment to prevent or cure diabetes cataract.
45
Damigou, Evangelia, Rena I. Kosti y Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos. "White Meat Consumption and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Review of Recent Prospective Cohort Studies". Nutrients 14, n.º 24 (7 de diciembre de 2022): 5213. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14245213.
Texto completoResumen
Although the association between meat consumption and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) has been extensively investigated, studies focusing specifically on the relationship between white meat consumption and CVD risk factors are fewer with controversial findings. The aim was to evaluate the relationship between white meat consumption and the incidence of cardiometabolic risk factors. A comprehensive literature search of PubMed articles was conducted from 2010 to 2022 (1 November), according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Thirteen prospective cohort studies were selected studying mainly poultry, with the exception of one study that also analyzed rabbit meat. From the seven studies on the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, four studies found no association, two studies found positive associations, and two studies found inverse associations when comparing poultry to other meats. Of the two studies on the risk of hypertension, one observed no association and one a positive association. Of the two studies on weight management, one observed a positive association with weight gain, the other study observed the same relationship only for chicken with skin, while for chicken without skin a positive relationship with relative weight loss was found. As for metabolic syndrome and its components, two studies revealed inverse associations with white meat intake. Only fresh lean white meat consumption seems to have potential beneficial effects on cardiometabolic risk factors. Future research should scrutinize consumption habits related to white meat intake when investigating its association with cardiometabolic risk factors.
46
Kendy, Shang y He Jingni. "Transcriptome-wide association study: Opportunity and challenges for cancer studies". Insights in Biology and Medicine 6, n.º 1 (2022): 017–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.29328/journal.ibm.1001023.
Texto completoResumen
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have uncovered thousands of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci that are associated with complex traits. However, the majority of GWAS discoveries are located in non-coding regions and the biological mechanisms behind these associations are not well understood. Transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) have gained popularity in recent years by generating biological interpretable discoveries and facilitating the identification of novel associations that have been missed by GWAS. TWAS has identified more than hundreds of susceptibility genes for many complex diseases and traits, including cancers. Here, in this review, we first summarize TWAS methods, then discuss the opportunities for cancer studies and finally review current challenges and future directions for this method.
47
Tierney, Braden T., Yingxuan Tan, Zhen Yang, Bing Shui, Michaela J. Walker, Benjamin M. Kent, Aleksandar D. Kostic y Chirag J. Patel. "Systematically assessing microbiome–disease associations identifies drivers of inconsistency in metagenomic research". PLOS Biology 20, n.º 3 (2 de marzo de 2022): e3001556. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001556.
Texto completoResumen
Evaluating the relationship between the human gut microbiome and disease requires computing reliable statistical associations. Here, using millions of different association modeling strategies, we evaluated the consistency—or robustness—of microbiome-based disease indicators for 6 prevalent and well-studied phenotypes (across 15 public cohorts and 2,343 individuals). We were able to discriminate between analytically robust versus nonrobust results. In many cases, different models yielded contradictory associations for the same taxon–disease pairing, some showing positive correlations and others negative. When querying a subset of 581 microbe–disease associations that have been previously reported in the literature, 1 out of 3 taxa demonstrated substantial inconsistency in association sign. Notably, >90% of published findings for type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) were particularly nonrobust in this regard. We additionally quantified how potential confounders—sequencing depth, glucose levels, cholesterol, and body mass index, for example—influenced associations, analyzing how these variables affect the ostensible correlation between Faecalibacterium prausnitzii abundance and a healthy gut. Overall, we propose our approach as a method to maximize confidence when prioritizing findings that emerge from microbiome association studies.
48
Sotomayor, Camilo G., Isidor Minović, Manfred L. Eggersdorfer, Ineke J. Riphagen, Martin H. de Borst, Louise H. Dekker, Ilja M. Nolte et al. "Duality of Tocopherol Isoforms and Novel Associations with Vitamins Involved in One-Carbon Metabolism: Results from an Elderly Sample of the LifeLines Cohort Study". Nutrients 12, n.º 2 (23 de febrero de 2020): 580. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12020580.
Texto completoResumen
Whether the affinity of serum vitamin E with total lipids hampers the appropriate assessment of its association with age-related risk factors has not been investigated in epidemiological studies. We aimed to compare linear regression-derived coefficients of the association of non-indexed and total lipids-indexed vitamin E isoforms with clinical and laboratory characteristics pertaining to the lipid, metabolic syndrome, and one-carbon metabolism biological domains. We studied 1429 elderly subjects (non-vitamin supplement users, 60–75 years old, with low and high socioeconomic status) from the population-based LifeLines Cohort and Biobank Study. We found that the associations of tocopherol isoforms with lipids were inverted in total lipids-indexed analyses, which may be indicative of overcorrection. Irrespective of the methods of standardization, we consistently found positive associations of α-tocopherol with vitamins of the one-carbon metabolism pathway and inverse associations with characteristics related to glucose metabolism. The associations of γ-tocopherol were often opposite to those of α-tocopherol. These data suggest that tocopherol isoforms and one-carbon metabolism are related, with beneficial and adverse associations for α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol, respectively. Whether tocopherol isoforms, or their interplay, truly affect the one-carbon metabolism pathway remains to be further studied.
49
Anbar, Rayan, Salahaden R. Sultan, Lamia Al Saikhan, Mohammed Alkharaiji, Nishi Chaturvedi, Rebecca Hardy, Marcus Richards y Alun Hughes. "Is carotid artery atherosclerosis associated with poor cognitive function assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination? A systematic review and meta-analysis". BMJ Open 12, n.º 4 (abril de 2022): e055131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055131.
Texto completoResumen
ObjectivesTo determine associations between carotid atherosclerosis assessed by ultrasound and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), a measure of global cognitive function.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.MethodsMEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched up to 1 May 2020 to identify studies assessed the associations between asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis and the MMSE. Studies reporting OR for associations between carotid plaque or intima-media thickness (cIMT) and dichotomised MMSE were meta-analysed. Publication bias of included studies was assessed.ResultsA total of 31 of 378 reviewed articles met the inclusion criteria; together they included 27 738 participants (age 35–95 years). Fifteen studies reported some evidence of a positive association between measures of atherosclerosis and poorer cognitive performance in either cross-sectional or longitudinal studies. The remaining 16 studies found no evidence of an association. Seven cross-sectional studies provided data suitable for meta-analysis. Meta-analysis of three studies that assessed carotid plaque (n=3549) showed an association between the presence of plaque and impaired MMSE with pooled estimate for the OR (95% CI) being 2.72 (0.85 to 4.59). An association between cIMT and impaired MMSE was reported in six studies (n=4443) with a pooled estimate for the OR (95% CI) being 1.13 (1.04 to 1.22). Heterogeneity across studies was moderate to small (carotid plaque with MMSE, I2=40.9%; cIMT with MMSE, I2=4.9%). There was evidence of publication bias for carotid plaque studies (p=0.02), but not cIMT studies (p=0.2).ConclusionsThere is some, limited cross-sectional evidence indicating an association between cIMT and poorer global cognitive function assessed with MMSE. Estimates of the association between plaques and poor cognition are too imprecise to draw firm conclusions and evidence from studies of longitudinal associations between carotid atherosclerosis and MMSE is limited.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021240077.
50
Vilander, Laura M., Suvi T. Vaara, Mari A. Kaunisto y Ville Pettilä. "Common Inflammation-Related Candidate Gene Variants and Acute Kidney Injury in 2647 Critically Ill Finnish Patients". Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, n.º 3 (11 de marzo de 2019): 342. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8030342.
Texto completoResumen
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a syndrome with high incidence among the critically ill. Because the clinical variables and currently used biomarkers have failed to predict the individual susceptibility to AKI, candidate gene variants for the trait have been studied. Studies about genetic predisposition to AKI have been mainly underpowered and of moderate quality. We report the association study of 27 genetic variants in a cohort of Finnish critically ill patients, focusing on the replication of associations detected with variants in genes related to inflammation, cell survival, or circulation. In this prospective, observational Finnish Acute Kidney Injury (FINNAKI) study, 2647 patients without chronic kidney disease were genotyped. We defined AKI according to Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria. We compared severe AKI (Stages 2 and 3, n = 625) to controls (Stage 0, n = 1582). For genotyping we used iPLEXTM Assay (Agena Bioscience). We performed the association analyses with PLINK software, using an additive genetic model in logistic regression. Despite the numerous, although contradictory, studies about association between polymorphisms rs1800629 in TNFA and rs1800896 in IL10 and AKI, we found no association (odds ratios 1.06 (95% CI 0.89–1.28, p = 0.51) and 0.92 (95% CI 0.80–1.05, p = 0.20), respectively). Adjusting for confounders did not change the results. To conclude, we could not confirm the associations reported in previous studies in a cohort of critically ill patients.