Literatura académica sobre el tema "Assainissement et démantèlement nucléaire"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Assainissement et démantèlement nucléaire"
Leclercq, Jacques. "Le point sur les activités de Démantèlement-Assainissement- Déchets (D.A.D.) en Europe et dans le monde". Revue Générale Nucléaire, n.º 6 (diciembre de 2003): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/rgn/20036047.
Texto completoDesjardins, Bruno. "Entre l'arbre américain et l'écorce asiatique : le Japon et sa politique institutionnelle de sécurité". Études internationales 30, n.º 2 (12 de abril de 2005): 349–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/704032ar.
Texto completoTadjeddine, Abderrahmane. "La transition Lure-Soleil et le démantèlement des accélérateurs de l’Installation nucléaire de base (INB) 106". Histoire de la recherche contemporaine, Tome III - N°1 (8 de agosto de 2014): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/hrc.501.
Texto completo"Le démantèlement en 6 points". Revue Générale Nucléaire, n.º 4 (julio de 2019): 14–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/rgn/20194014.
Texto completo"Étapes de démantèlement d’une cellule blindée". Revue Générale Nucléaire, n.º 4 (julio de 2019): 32–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/rgn/20194032.
Texto completo"Démantèlement, la stratégie d’EDF". Revue Générale Nucléaire, n.º 4 (julio de 2019): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/rgn/20194022.
Texto completo"L’industrie nucléaire accélère sur la transition numérique". Revue Générale Nucléaire, n.º 6 (noviembre de 2021): 22–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/rgn/20216022.
Texto completo"Les démantèlements complexes du CEA". Revue Générale Nucléaire, n.º 4 (julio de 2019): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/rgn/20194026.
Texto completoTesis sobre el tema "Assainissement et démantèlement nucléaire"
Achigar, Sophie. "Vitrification de déchets nucléaires de démantèlement riches en Mo, P et Zr. Etude structurale et microstructurale de leur incorporation dans un verre aluminoborosilicaté". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPSLC019.
Texto completoThis work belongs to the DEM’N’MELT project, which is dedicated to the vitrification of intermediate or high level radioactive wastes coming from the dismantling of nuclear facilities. The waste compositions of this study, rich in P2O5, MoO3 et ZrO2 which activity is mainly due to 137Cs are close to the ones of the shutdown UP1 facility (Marcoule). Their main feature is the variability of their composition. This work objective is to study the incorporation of these wastes in an aluminoborosilicate glass rich in alkali oxides at 1100 °C.The first part of the study will be dedicated to a system close to the industrial one (11 oxides). It highlights that MoO3 and P2O5 are the main waste constituents responsible for phase separation or crystallization. Moreover, molybdate crystalline phases can contain Cs. ZrO2 is incorporated in the glassy matrix without leading to heterogeneities.Then, a simplified system (6-7 oxides) is studied along with the structural and microstructural incorporation mecanisms of P2O5 and MoO3. These oxides are first considered alone and then added simultaneously. This second study highlights that P et Mo mainly lead to the formation of entities isolated from the glassy network and that their simultaneous addition increases the crystallization tendency
Marchal, Pierre. "Caractérisation et impact des particules incandescentes dans les réseaux de ventilation lors d’opérations de démantèlement". Thesis, Rouen, INSA, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ISAM0021/document.
Texto completoFire hazards while metal cutting on dismantling operations led IRSN to focus a study on incandescent particles emitted by these cutting tools and their impact on air filter. An experimentalsystem was designed, representative of dismantling operations with instrumentations adapted for inflight particles measurement, such as size, velocity and temperature. The particles are characterized from the emission source (automated cut-off grinder) and all along their path into the ventilation duct to their impact on a filter. The temperature of the particles, greater than 430 °C damages the filter medium, and may reduce the filter thickness or perforate it, which leads to a decrease of its filtration efficiency determined according to the French standard. Comparison between the characteristics of the particles and the filtration efficiency has permitted to establish empirical correlations in order to predict the loss of filtration efficiency versus the cutting parameters
Lafon, Maxence. "Méthode basée sur une approche systémique pour l’organisation et le suivi des chantiers d’Assainissement et de Démantèlement d'installations nucléaires". Thesis, IMT Mines Alès, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EMAL0006.
Texto completoAt the end of their life, nuclear facilities are subject to complex dismantling and decommissioning (D&D) operations, which require the collaboration of a large number of stakeholders from various businesses. These operations are carried out in a constrained regulatory and economic context, involving numerous requirements. This requires demonstrations and justifications before and during the execution of operations, in order to attest and ensure their efficiency and the safety of both people and facilities. Nowadays, some issues remain problematic to reach a global vision of a project when it is in preparation and then in execution, taking into account at the same time the numerous requirements, the severe constraints, and the very long time scales. Two have been particularly considered. Firstly, the reproducibility currently limited of D&D projects elements, uses and practices, despite the presence of many references, standards, and valued feedback. This is essential to head for a more industrial vision of D&D. Secondly, interoperability is a major issue at the organizational level as well as at the process or data, information and knowledge levels. The models do not always enable to provide, regarding the needs of all the stakeholders, a sufficient, global and transversal representation of the projects. Their federation or their composition remains difficult to give at each moment a coherent holistic view, and to justify with a high level of traceability the D&D operations.This thesis proposes an equipped and operational method, for the description, the analysis and the management support of D&D projects. Its final purpose is the development of enterprise software supporting this method. Two important notions have guided this work. During its design and its execution, a D&D project is seen and must therefore be modeled as a system of systems, in order to take into account its various complexity factors. During its execution, managers must pilot the project and the inherent uncertainties and hazards that may affect its planning and its organization. The notion of adaptive workflow appears relevant to help this project management, which shall remain fully controlled, justified, and traced. This shall also be a source of feedback to ensure future reproducibility. This work involved developing and testing the desired method in situ, combining the principles of systemics, model-based systems engineering, project engineering, and enterprise modeling. This method first proposes a formalization of the D&D concepts, then a logical, open and interoperable set of modeling languages, and finally an operating procedure that must be followed to establish a global and holistic vision of D&D projects. A demonstrator tool has been developed and tested on a CEA project to verify the relevance, completeness, efficiency and transposability of the developed method. This tool is based on a generic and structuring model for D&D projects, proposed by this work. It enables to reuse models by adapting the concept of design pattern to the modeling of D&D
D'Amico, Miriam. "Étude expérimentale et modélisation des explosions hybrides solides/solides : application au cas des mélanges de poussières graphite/métaux". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0256/document.
Texto completoDuring the decommissioning operations of the UNGG (Natural Uranium Graphite Gas) nuclear plants, the occurrence of undesirable phenomena, such as dust ignition and explosion, cannot be systematically neglected. In particular, graphite powders, pure or mixed with metals impurities present on the sites, such as magnesium or iron, can represent a potential risk that needs to be further evaluated. This work falls within this context and has two main objectives: the experimental evaluation of the explosion severity and its modeling. 1. The experimental evaluation of the explosivity of such a powders has been carried out both in terms of ignition sensitivity, of dust layer and cloud, and explosion severity. Actually, explosive characteristics of a dust or of a mixture are strongly influenced by several parameters. They depend on the one side on the operating conditions, such as turbulence, temperature and energy of the ignition source, and on the other side, of course, on the materials physicochemical properties and composition. This study focuses on pure micronized powders of graphite, magnesium, and iron and on their mixtures, in a concentration range of industrial interest. It has been demonstrated that the introduction of metals can change, first of all, the rate limiting step of the graphite combustion. Therefore, the kinetic phenomena controlling the graphite oxidation have been distinguished from those of metals (oxygen diffusion or metal vaporization). Secondly, the flame can be thickened by the presence of the radiation during the metal combustion, while this phenomenon is negligible for pure graphite. Finally, the initial turbulence of the dust cloud can be modified by adding a second powder because of the different granulometric characteristics and density. A parametric study was conducted to evaluate the mixtures explosivity taking into account the effects of the relative humidity, the particle size distribution of the powders, the power of the ignition source, the initial turbulence and the composition of the mixture. In order to do this, we used both conventional devices and technologies, such as 20-liters explosion sphere, the particles image velocimetry and the thermogravimetry, but also new facilities dedicated to the characterization of the transient turbulent flow during the dispersion of the powders in the explosion sphere and to study the propagation of a semi-confined flame. It was clearly demonstrated that the addition of metals influences the ability to ignite the dust cloud. The minimum ignition energy and temperature greatly decrease when magnesium powder is added to graphite dust; this phenomenon is less remarkable for iron particles. In addition, the severity of the explosion increases with such an addition. This promotion effect is particularly significant on the combustion kinetics. 2. The modeling of the explosive phenomenon has been performed using numerical simulations in order to estimate a laminar flame propagation velocity and to study the effects induced by specific factors of industrial interest, such as the particle size or the powder concentration. The interest in determining a laminar flame velocity is its pseudo-intrinsic character. Once known the turbulent characteristics of a complex industrial environment, this parameter gives the opportunity to obtain a turbulent flame propagation velocity in a real environment and, therefore, to estimate the effects of a potential explosion. Experimental results were used to validate the numerical model developed during this work
Pelleterat, de Borde Melchior. "Contribution à la maîtrise du changement organisationnel et de son impact sur la sûreté : le cas de la transition d’une installation nucléaire du fonctionnement vers le démantèlement". Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENMP0089.
Texto completoThe thesis seeks to establish a bridge between the issue of organizational change and safety, through the study of a complex phase of the life cycle of a nuclear facility: the transition from operation to decommissioning. Decommissioning closes an operating dynamics and inherits habits, communication channels and decision, but is accompanied by an organizational change plant operatives must understand and take possession of. The thesis therefore examines the dynamics of organizational transformation by taking into account a broader movement of evolution of a system over time. We seek to understand how the organization does or does not meet the needs of the facility and its actors. We show that the transition follows in its own temporality and that the consequences and their understanding are not homogeneous. The transition is accompanied by a deferred appropriation by the plant operatives of the new decision circuits, and a radical recomposition of operatives networks. This reconstruction reveals a trend towards a temporary bypass of legitimate organizational structures, as well as a gradual synthesis of the old and new referential universes for the plant operators
Galy, Nicolas. "Comportement du 14C dans le graphite nucléaire : effets de l'irradiation et décontamination par vaporéformage". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1297/document.
Texto completoThe decommissioning of French gas cooled nuclear reactors (UNGG) will generate around 23000 tons of irradiated graphite waste containing radionuclides such as 14C, 36Cl. Both might be dose determining at the outlet, 14C as major contributor to the radioactive dose and 36Cl due to its mobility in the clay repository. The reference management for this Low-Level Long-Lived Waste (LLW-LL) is disposal but its partial decontamination has also been foreseen. Therefore, information on inventory, location and speciation of the radionuclides in the irradiated graphite are mandatory for optimizing the decontamination process and to get reliable insights on the behavior of the radionuclides in the repository. This thesis supported by EDF aims in a first part at studying the impact of temperature, graphite irradiation and radiolytic corrosion on the behavior of 14C and following structure modification. Then, the acquired data are used to support the second part devoted to study 14C decontamination by steam reforming. 13C implantation is used to simulate the presence of 14C. The experiments are carried out on different reference samples such as virgin nuclear graphite, a model and ordered lamellar HOPG graphite and a nanoporous graphite SLX 50 that allow simulating the different structural states of a neutron irradiated graphite. The first part investigates the coupled and decoupled effects of ion irradiation (used to simulate neutron irradiation) on 13C migration. The results show that, at reactor temperatures of 200 - 500 °C, 13C remains stable whatever the graphite structural disorder level. Irradiation and temperature have antagonist effects: irradiation disorders graphite whereas temperature has an annealing effect leading to a reordering of the graphite structure at a level depending on its initial one. Thus, according to graphite position in the moderator this will lead to structure contrasts depending on whether it has been irradiated at high neutron flux and high temperature or low neutron flux and colder temperature. However, 14C is stabilized in the graphite structure in all cases. The second part is devoted the study of 14C steam reforming using a thermogravimetric analyzer coupled to a steam generator. The reference samples were analyzed at temperatures of 700 °C and 900 °C and relative humidities of 50 % and 90 % at a constant humid gas rate of 50 mL/min. 18O labelled water was used to follow the migration of the oxidizing species into graphite. Accordingly, the tests put in evidence the preferential gasification of nanoporous graphite that should also be the richest in 14C. Moreover, the addition of Ni to graphite before steam reforming proved to be very efficient but the gasification was very important and needs adjusting Ni impregnation
Gomez, Yannick. "Le rôle et les motivations d’une firme leader dans l’essai de transformation de son écosystème d’affaires en écosystème de l’innovation : le cas du site de Marcoule et du démantèlement nucléaire". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE3037.
Texto completoThe American James MOORE was the first to discuss the concept of business ecosystem in an article from 1993 and in a book published in 1996. Several theoretical questions seemingly need to be completed:- The place and role of a leading firm within a business ecosystem - The question of the life cycle of a business - The emergence of the term "ecosystem of innovation" and its positioning in relation to the concept of business ecosystem.In order to study those different research questions, we have observed for a long time the evolution of the nuclear platform of Marcoule. In 2013, the CEA Marcoule launched the Industrial Sites Valorisation Pole initiative, which aims to promote the upgrading of the ecosystem. The objective of the leading firm is therefore to transform its business ecosystem into an ecosystem of innovation. In the first part of the case study, we studied the motivations of the leading firm for transforming its business ecosystem into an innovation ecosystem.Nuclear dismantling leads to seven major paradoxes (human, contractual, waste, safety, financial, territorial, technological). The case of Marcoule demonstrates that if the paradoxes are major, the company may not find, internally, by its own forces, the means to respond. Some paradoxes impose innovations of exploration on the conceptual, managerial and technological levels. The second part of the case study was devoted to the study of the role of the CEA Marcoule, leader of the territorial business ecosystem in order to transform it. Then we observed and described three concrete enrolment actions of the actors,- The translation on the market of the ecosystem upgrading- The creation of a frontier object around ecosystem labelling- The opening of the innovation This phase of observation of the enrolment actions initiated by the leader of the ecosystem took place during the period from 2013 to mid 2017. We were able to observe the promising start of the PVIS initiative and the successful enrolment of the actors around the first projects that were launched. The observation of the Marcoule research field through the prism of our conceptual framework, the sociology of translation, makes it possible to highlight two important results.First, the study of the Marcoule case allows us to complete the theoretical approach on the life cycle of a business ecosystem, in particular on the notion of intentionality. Phase changes - from birth to expansion, from expansion to authority and from authority to decline - do not result from the foreseeable actions of actors determined by biology, but are the result of the strategic intentions of intelligent actors who continually calculate the gains and losses they can derive from their participation in the business ecosystem.We suggest replacing the traditional life cycle of a business ecosystem proposed by James MOORE (Birth Expansion Authority Renewal Decline and Death) by the following sequence (Birth Expansion Transformation in ecosystem of innovation Decline and Death).Secondly, the observation of the Marcoule case and the leading firm of its territorial business ecosystem completes the academic work that exists on the articulation of different forms of ambidexterity. The CEA/Marcoule case shows us that all the implemented ambidextrous actions were legitimised by highlighting the problems needing to be solved, linked to the paradoxes of nuclear dismantling. purchasing needs to achieve a competition respecting all the rules of the public procurement
Rouy, Emmanuel. "FORMULATION D'UN GEL OXYDANT À MATRICE ORGANIQUE APPLICABLE À LA DÉCONTAMINATION NUCLÉAIRE : PROPRIÉTÉS RHÉOLOGIQUES, ACIDO-BASIQUES ET OZONOLYSE DE LA MATRICE". Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006793.
Texto completoLe, Guillou Maël. "Migration du deutérium dans le graphite nucléaire : conséquences sur le comportement du tritium en réacteur UNGG et sur la décontamination des graphites irradiés". Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10227/document.
Texto completoIn France, 23 000 t of irradiated graphite that will be generated by the decommissioning of the first generation Uranium Naturel-Graphite-Gaz (UNGG) nuclear reactors are waiting for a long term management solution. This work focuses on the behavior of tritium, which is one of the main contributors to the radiological inventory of graphite waste after reactor shutdown. In order to anticipate tritium release during dismantling or waste management, it is mandatory to collect data on its migration, location and inventory. Our study is based on the simulation of tritium by implantation of approximately 3 at. % of deuterium up to around 3 μm in a virgin nuclear graphite. This material was then annealed up to 300 h and 1300 °C in inert atmosphere, UNGG coolant gas and humid gas, aiming to reproduce thermal conditions close to those encountered in reactor and during waste management operations. The deuterium profiles and spatial distribution were analyzed using the nuclear reaction 2H(3He,p)4He. The main results evidence a thermal release of implanted deuterium occurring essentially through three regimes controlled by the detrapping of atomic deuterium located in superficial or interstitial sites. The extrapolation of our data to tritium suggests that its purely thermal release during reactor operations may have been lower than 30 % and would be located close to the graphite free surfaces. Consequently, most of the tritium inventory after reactor shutdown could be trapped deeply within the irradiated graphite structure. Decontamination of graphite waste should then require temperatures higher than 1300°C, and would be more efficient in dry inert gas than in humid gas
Silbermann, Gwennaelle. "Effets de la température et de l'irradiation sur le comportement du 14C et de son précurseur 14N dans le graphite nucléaire. Étude de la décontamination thermique du graphite en présence de vapeur d'eau". Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10168.
Texto completoThe dismantling of UNGG reactors in France will generate about 23 000 tons of radioactive graphite wastes. To manage these wastes, the radiological inventory and data on radionuclides (RN) location and speciation should be determined. 14C was identified as an important RN for disposal due to its high initial activity and the risk of release of a mobile organic fraction in environment, after water ingress into the disposal. Hence, the objective of this thesis, carried out in partnership with EDF, is to implement experimental studies to simulate and evaluate the impact of temperature, irradiation and graphite radiolytic corrosion on the in reactor behavior of 14C and its precursor, 14N. The obtained data are then used to study the thermal decontamination of graphite in presence of water vapor. The experimental approach aims at simulating the presence of 14C and 14N by the respective ion implantation of 13C and 14N or 15N in virgin graphite. This study shows that, in the temperature range reached during reactor operation, (100-500°C) and without radiolytic corrosion, 13C is thermally stable whatever the initial graphite structure. Moreover, irradiation experiments were performed on heated graphite (500°C) put in contact with a gas representative of the radiolysed coolant gas. They show the synergistic role played by the oxidative species and the graphite structure disorder on the enhancement of 13C mobility resulting in the gasification of the graphite surface and/or the selective oxidation of 13C more weakly bound than 12C. Concerning the pristine nitrogen, we showed first that the surface concentration reaches several hundred ppm (<500 ppm at) and decreases at deeper depths to about 160 ppm at.. Unlike implanted 13C, implanted nitrogen migrates at 500 ° C when the graphite is highly disordered (about 8 dpa) while remaining stable for a lower disorder rate (0.14 dpa). Experiments also show the synergistic role by electronic excitations and temperature that accelerate the transport of nitrogen to the surface of the graphite. Nitrogen seems to migrate in the form of molecular species (CN, C = N or C N). After eight hours of irradiation these species are, however, little or not released and blocked at the surface. The study of the thermal decontamination of graphite in presence of water vapor was performed with a thermogravimetric device coupled to a steam water generator device. The influence of temperature (700 ° C and 900 ° C) and of the relative humidity (50% RH and 90% RH) was tested with a wet gas fixed flow rate of 50 ml/min. Under these conditions, the selective oxidation of implanted carbon was confirmed
Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Assainissement et démantèlement nucléaire"
DEVEZEAUX DE LAVERGNE, Jean-Guy y Nicolas THIOLLIÈRE. "Les coûts du nucléaire : aspects méthodologiques". En Économie de l’énergie nucléaire 1, 59–100. ISTE Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9094.ch2.
Texto completoURSAT, Xavier. "Les enjeux industriels du nucléaire". En Économie de l’énergie nucléaire 2, 115–33. ISTE Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9095.ch3.
Texto completoActas de conferencias sobre el tema "Assainissement et démantèlement nucléaire"
Cere, Arnaud y Pierre-Yves Lochet. "Section numérique PVSI - Assainissement et démantèlement". En Le nucléaire accélère sa transformation numérique. Les Ulis, France: EDP Sciences, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jtsfen/2017len6.1.
Texto completoRobic, Nadine. "Démantèlement et assainissement final : exemple d’un chantier CEA". En Evolutions réglementaires et techniques dans le démantèlement : impact et conséquences. Les Ulis, France: EDP Sciences, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jtsfen/2016evo05.
Texto completoAsou Pothet, Marielle. "Modélisation et simulation en démantèlement (cas test) - CEA". En Le nucléaire accélère sa transformation numérique. Les Ulis, France: EDP Sciences, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jtsfen/2017len6.2a.
Texto completoArdellier, Luc. "Modélisation et simulation en démantèlement (cas test) - OREKA". En Le nucléaire accélère sa transformation numérique. Les Ulis, France: EDP Sciences, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jtsfen/2017len6.2b.
Texto completoKassiotis, Christophe y Suzelle Lalaut. "PNGMDR et débat CPDP". En Assainissement/Démantèlement/Gestion des déchets : concertation et enjeux socio-économiques. Les Ulis, France: EDP Sciences, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jtsfen/2019ass01.
Texto completoDe Rubercy, Guillaume. "Aspects juridiques: Problèmes rencontrés et axes d’amélioration". En Assainissement démantèlement du cahier des charges à la réalisation. Les Ulis, France: EDP Sciences, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jtsfen/2012ass05.
Texto completoGeorges, Christine. "InfoDem : un espace d’information pour comprendre les enjeux et mieux en connaître les concepts et les étapes". En Assainissement/Démantèlement/Gestion des déchets : concertation et enjeux socio-économiques. Les Ulis, France: EDP Sciences, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jtsfen/2019ass08.
Texto completoDesaleux, Th, F. Bonoron, R. Grenier y F. Dufresne. "Les différents types de marchés : les avantages et les inconvénients". En Assainissement démantèlement du cahier des charges à la réalisation. Les Ulis, France: EDP Sciences, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jtsfen/2012ass02.
Texto completoLouis, Aurélien. "Assainissement & démantèlement, enjeux financiers et insertion dans une politique de gestion durable des déchets". En Evolutions réglementaires et techniques dans le démantèlement : impact et conséquences. Les Ulis, France: EDP Sciences, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jtsfen/2016evo01.
Texto completo"La réalisation par les industriels, les problèmes rencontrés et les solutions apportées". En Assainissement démantèlement du cahier des charges à la réalisation. Les Ulis, France: EDP Sciences, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jtsfen/2012ass04.
Texto completo