Tesis sobre el tema "Arôme naturel"
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Held, Julia. "Récupération d'un arôme naturel volatil, l'éthyle valérate, par absorption dans l'éthanol". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1996. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1016.
Texto completoHeld, Julia. "Récupération d'un arôme naturel volatil, l'éthyle valérate, par absorption dans de l'éthanol". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ26578.pdf.
Texto completoFáklya, Bernadett. "Development of an industrial process for the production of aroma molecules by biocatalysis". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021AIXM0197.
Texto completo6-pentyl-alpha-pyrone (6PAP) is a specialized fungal metabolite first isolated in the 1970s from cultures of the fungus Trichoderma viride. In addition to its numerous biological properties (antifungal agent, phytohormone-like effect, inducer of plant defense mechanisms, etc.), it has organoleptic properties similar to those of massoia lactone and delta-decalactone, of which it is also a potential precursor. Its pleasant smell and taste of coconut, with a hint of nutty and tonka bean, makes it an aroma of interest on its own, already used as an additive in some food products and beverages. To date, 6PAP has been produced on industrial scale only by chemical synthesis. Its biotechnological production from bio-based materials is non-existent despite the extensive research efforts encouraged by a growing consumer demand for molecules of natural origin. In this work, we have therefore developed a fermentation process from inexpensive agricultural raw materials, under mild conditions, with a fungal strain of Trichoderma that has not undergone any genetic modification. Based initially on design of experiments (DOE) studies, we finally obtained up to 1 g/L of 6PAP, both in flask and in bioreactors, by a biphasic liquid-liquid fermentation process
Hecquet, Laurence. "Synthese enzymatique d'analogues de sucres en vue de la production d'un arome a statut naturel". Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992CLF21367.
Texto completoBouges, Hélène. "Modifications enzymatiques de la composition de mélanges naturels complexes utilisés en parfumerie". Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AZUR4024.
Texto completoIn the field of flavor and fragrance industry, the optimization of natural flavoring essential oils and extracts’ properties by biocatalysis is really interesting. In a context of sustainable chemistry, this research project is dedicated to the development of pure compounds, extracts and essential oils by enzymatic modifications. In this way, a bibliographic study has been carried out on the composition of the natural raw materials, their properties and the main biosynthetic pathways of the compounds present in the natural complex substances and some regulation elements. In the first place, according to a process of sustainable chemistry, the goal is to make healthier natural products while keeping their properties and their "naturalness". The detoxification in atranol and chloroatranol of the oak moss extract was carried out with the oak moss absolute by biocatalysis preserving their olfactory quality. Through an academic /industrial collaboration, protocols for monitoring biocatalytic transformations were established and implemented. In a third part, sustainable chemistry methodologies were used to propose new ingredients through the use of biotechnological processes based on the circular economy principle. The natural character has been preserved and the method allowed targeted transformations to develop interesting olfactory facets
Santos, Luísa Ferreira dos. "Metabolic engineering of actinobacteria for the production of flavours". Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UPASL034.
Texto completoThis thesis was carried out in collaboration with ENNOLYS, a French biotechnology company specialised in the production of biomass, enzymes, and natural aromatic molecules. In this context, the main objective of this thesis project is the metabolic engineering of actinobacteria, including those of the genus Amycolatopsis, for the development and improvement of bioproduction processes for natural aromatic molecules, including vanillin, the most used flavouring agent in the world. To this end, we sequenced the genome of the industrial strain Amycolatopsis ZYL926 in order to better understand the potential of this bacterium in the production of specialised metabolites and in the biosynthesis of vanillin. Furthermore, we were able to identify genes involved in the degradation of vanillin (or of its biosynthetic intermediates) by sequence comparison analysis. Secondly, we have identified genetic tools (including vectors and promotors) for the stable insertion and efficient expression of heterologous genes in Amycolatopsis. In addition, we have developed tools for marker-free deletion of genes or large genomic regions in these bacteria. These genetic tools are versatile and could be used in many species of the genus Amycolatopsis. Finally, in order to implement a vanillin biosynthetic pathway from a low-cost substrate, we selected and studied a few candidate enzymes for each new biosynthetic step. These studies enabled us to identify among the candidate enzymes those which are active in Amycolatopsis under the bioconversion conditions used industrially. In addition, we were able to study a limiting step and suggest ways to improve the efficiency of the studied biosynthetic pathway
Estrada, Alvarado Maria Isabel. "Biotransformation fongique des acides cinnamiques en arômes et antioxydants naturels : caractérisation d'une nouvelle chlorogénate hydrolase". Aix-Marseille 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX11003.
Texto completoSaint-Lary, Laure. "Évaluation de l’approche métabolomique pour l’authentification des extraits naturels utilisés dans le secteur arômes et parfums". Thesis, Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE4025/document.
Texto completoSome natural extracts are very scarce and expensive. The temptation is therefore very high for producers or brokers to resort to adulterations. Mixing of extracts from related botanical origins, from different geographical origins, addition of synthetic compounds with natural occurrence in the extract, or addition of another vegetal extract, use of phytosanitary products, non-standardized extraction processes, are some examples. The quality differences are more and more difficult to detect. The objective of this PhD study was to develop a fast, efficient and non-targeted methodology. Metabolomics approach in UHPLC-HRMS was developped to identify defects or fraudulent practices in absolutes used in flavour and fragrances. These identifications are realized by the detection of chemical markers. Absolutes are a great challenge: between 50 and 95 % of the extracts consist of non-volatile compounds; moreover these products are seldom described in literature. The quest for validation for authenticity is then much more complex than in cases of volatile extracts such as essential oils, whose composition can be more easily determined by robust analytical instruments and numerous databases. Two symbolic plants used in perfumery were studied: viola (Viola odorata) and rose (Rosa damascena and Rosa centifolia). Markers of French origin were identified for viola, and markers of R. centifolia were identified for rose. Their characterizations were nevertheless the fundamental limit for this technique being at trace level in the extract. This work demonstrated the performance and limitation of the non-targeted metabolomics approach on absolutes, which are specialties of perfumery
Roule-Woiry, Karine. "Biocatalyse solide-gaz : application à la synthèse d'esters à label naturel". La Rochelle, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LAROS102.
Texto completoAs a biotechnological process, gas/solid biocatalysis is a valuable way to produce natural aromas at a lower cost than natural extracts. Technological and economical feasibility studies related to the production of natural esters at an industrial scale have been carried out. Lipase B from Candida antarctica has been used to catalyse alkyl propionate synthesis in gas/solid fixed bed reactors, both at laboratory and industrial scales. In both cases, ethyl propionate synthesis has been chosen as a model reaction. At the laboratory scale, the gas/solid reactor has been shown to obeys a piston like model. At the thermodynamic equilibrium, more than 70% of the reactor catalytic activity is due to the 2/5th of the catalyst, located at the reactor entry. In fact, the loss of catalytic activity is faster at the reactor entry. Pression (0. 25 to 0. 75 atm) or vector gas (air or nitrogen) do not seem to affect the catalyst stability whereas some substrates do. For the synthesis of seven esters, thermodynamic results and best productivity conditions were determined at the laboratory scale and used to fix production parameters at the pilot scale. A preindustrial plant has been set up and tested through the production of five alkyl propionates. In most cases, a minimal productivity of 2 kg/h was reached. Reprocessing of a failed batch and recycling of an aqueous phase containing non transformed substrates were also shown to be possible. The conversion rate is still lower at that scale than at the laboratory one due to effects of the scale-up. In particular, the packing down of the catalyst bed and its overheating, which is a consequence of the exothermic character of the reaction, are up to now the main limits to the process performances
Tascone, Oriane. "Le suivi des xénobiotiques dans les extraits naturels destinés aux industries de la cosmétique, des parfums et des arômes alimentaires". Thesis, Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE4010.
Texto completoNatural extracts in form of essential oils, concretes, resinoids, as well as absolutes used in perfume, aroma, and cosmetic industries are produced from natural raw materials. The cultivation of natural raw materials is often based on monoculture and involves the use of pesticides. Legal regulations for raw materials intended for these industries become increasingly stricter in terms of the allowed residual levels of chemicals used for treatment because of their impact on public health and on the environment. In this manuscript, a review showing pesticide analysis problems in natural extracts and works dedicated to this study, is presented. Next, a method for multi-residue pesticides analysis was developed in roses and extracts (concrete and absolute) from roses. The sample preparation is based on the QuEChERS approach using extraction and purification by SPE-dispersive. The samples were then analyzed by GC-MS / MS. Thus the developed methods were used to study pesticides behavior during the extraction process of the roses. In a first time, the work was done on roses from organic field and spiked with 57 pesticides. Each transformation intermediate, except waxes, was analyzed showing the distribution of pesticides. It showed that pesticides which were present in rose flowers were coextracted during extraction process and concentrated by factor between 100 and 300 in absolute. This study was then performed on roses and extracts from fields with pesticide "classic" phytosanitary treatments. The trend observed for these samples was the same as for the model: pesticides were concentrated in the absolute reaching concentrations of several milligrams per kilogram
Cutzach-Billard, Isabelle. "Etude sur l'arôme des vins doux naturels non muscatés au cours de leur élevage et de leur vieillissement". Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR28645.
Texto completoJacopini, Sabrina. "Utilisation de la 13-Hydroperoxyde lyase recombinante d’olive dans des procédés biocatalytiques de production de composés à note verte". Thesis, Corte, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CORT0016/document.
Texto completoThe hydroperoxide lyase (HPL) derives from a metabolic pathway named lipoxygenase pathway widely represented in plants and involved in the production of flavoring compounds (hexanal, 3Z-hexenal and 2E-hexenal). These volatile compounds are responsible for the fresh odor of cut grass known as "green note" and have a particularly interest for flavor and food industries. Their biosynthesis results from the oxygenation of linoleic and linolenic acids by lipoxygenase action to form fatty acid hydroperoxides, then of their cleavage by hydroperoxide lyase action. The processes of production currently used are highly polluting or lead to a low yield. To overcome these drawbacks, the use of recombinant enzymes in such processes constitutes an attractive alternative because they would allow producing these molecules in a more effective way, while benefiting from the "natural" label.A cDNA encoding for HPL (HPLwt) from black olive fruit was isolated, and in order to improve the enzyme solubility, the HPL deleted of its chloroplast transit peptide (HPLdel) was then produced. Both enzymes were expressed into E. coli (M15), purified by affinity chromatography, and characterized. They act exclusively on 13-hydroperoxide (13-HPL) and display an optimum pH at 7.5 and an optimum temperature at 25 °C. The bioconversion of 13-hydroperoxides of linoleic and linolenic acids in hexanal and 3Z-hexenal respectively, using HPLwt or HPLdel was studied. Conversion yields reach a maximum of 93 % and 68 % for hexanal production, and 73 % and 45 % for 3Z-hexenal when reactions were performed by HPLwt and HPLdel respectively.The enzyme stability was then studied. Conservations tests using 10 % glycerol (v/v) allows the maintenance of the entire activity of HPLwt and HPLdel during five weeks of storage at -80°C. Furthermore, the addition of chemical compounds such as KCl, NaCl, Na2SO4, glycine, and glycerol can increase the efficiency of both enzymes and improve the synthesis of hexanal and 3Z-hexenal by decreasing the amount of enzyme required to produce them
Le, Grand Flore. "Le signal de référence ERETIC pour la mesure par RMN du deutérium en abondance naturelle : application aux arômes". Nantes, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NANT2041.
Texto completoIn the present dissertation we developed a methods for a thermodynamical analysis and control of a synthesis of new materials in a solid state. We based it on the abilities of the irreversible processes thermodynamics and on the experimental analysis techniques (such as DSC-TG, XRD, SEM, etc. ). We applied that methods to two kinds of problems with a practical application: i) the LiCoPO4 synthesis; and ii) the PdSe2, PdTe2 and PtTe2 phase transitions under high pressure. Thanks to our study we prepared a pure LiCoPO4 with average particle size of 0. 5µm. Moreover, we got the ability to prognosticate its particle size, obtained in a random thermal regime. Concerning the second problem we found the phase transition order under high pressure of the PdSe2, the PdTe2 and the PtTe2: first order one and no phase transition respectively. We also explored the phases stabilities in respect of pressure and temperature
Pessoa, Edson Frota. "Soldagem de revestimento com ligas de nÃquel empregando o processo MIG/MAG com duplo arame para aplicaÃÃes em componentes do setor de petrÃleo e gÃs natural". Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2014. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=13746.
Texto completoEste trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as caracterÃsticas operacionais (geometria da solda e diluiÃÃo) e metalÃrgicas (microestrutura, composiÃÃo quÃmica, microdureza e resistÃncia à corrosÃo) de revestimentos compostos pela mistura das ligas de nÃquel Inconel 625 e Hastelloy C-276 depositadas simultaneamente pelo processo MIG/MAG duplo arame sobre chapas de aÃo ASTM 516 Gr 60. Inicialmente foi realizado um estudo preliminar para conhecer os parÃmetros iniciais de soldagem e os limites operacionais do processo. Em seguida, foram realizados ensaios em simples deposiÃÃo atravÃs da aplicaÃÃo do MÃtodo Taguchi com intuito de selecionar os melhores parÃmetros de cada fator de controle avaliado em um nÃmero reduzido de experimentos. Posteriormente, foram realizados revestimentos iniciais a partir dos parÃmetros selecionados. Em seguida foram realizados revestimentos definitivos nos quais foram feitas anÃlises das caracterÃsticas geomÃtricas e diluiÃÃo, alÃm de uma caracterizaÃÃo metalÃrgica com uso de microscopia Ãtica, microscopia eletrÃnica de varredura e anÃlise de composiÃÃo quÃmica. Ainda foram realizadas anÃlises do perfil de microdureza dos revestimentos, bem como anÃlise de resistÃncia à corrosÃo. Os resultados mostraram que os nÃveis de diluiÃÃo global mÃnimos alcanÃados nos ensaios definitivos foram de aproximadamente 22%. A microestrutura dos revestimentos soldados com a mistura das ligas Inconel 625 e Hastelloy C-276 foi constituÃda de uma maneira geral por uma matriz gama com precipitaÃÃo de fases secundÃrias ricas em niÃbio, molibdÃnio e titÃnio. A anÃlise de composiÃÃo quÃmica revelou que o percentual de Fe na solda à crescente com o aumento da diluiÃÃo. O aumento de Mo, W e reduÃÃo do Fe no metal de solda contribuiu para a formaÃÃo de fases secundÃrias. Em relaÃÃo à microdureza, nÃo houve diferenÃas significativas entre o primeiro e o Ãltimo cordÃo de solda e os valores obtidos foram adequados para revestimento. Jà para a resistÃncia à corrosÃo, algumas amostras atingiram temperatura crÃtica de pite (TCP) de 80ÂC e houve uma relaÃÃo entre os fatores de controle os principais elementos de liga presentes nos revestimentos.
The aim of this work was to evaluate the operational (weld geometry and dilution) and metallurgical characteristcs (microstructure, chemical composition, microhardness and corrosion resistance) of Inconel 625 and Hastelloy C-276 nickel-based alloys weld overlay deposited simultaneously by GMAW Double Wire process on steel plate ASTM 516 Gr 60. Initially a previous study was carried out in order to know the early welding parameters and the operational limits of process. Next, single passes welding trials was conducted by applying Taguchi method aiming to select the best parameters of each control factor studied in a reduced numbers of experiments. After, weld overlays were made based on selected parameters. Next, the definitive weld overlays were deposited on steel plates and thus were analysed the geometric features, dilution and metallurgical characterization using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, also a chemical composition analysis was carried out. The profile of microhardness were also performed, as well as analysis of corrosion resistance. The results showed that the minimal global dilution levels measured on definitive weld overlays were 22% approximately. The microstructure of the weld overlays deposited by mixing Inconel 625 and Hastelloy C-276 was constituted generally by a gamma matrix and secondaries phases enriched in niobium, molybdenum and titanium. The chemical composition analysis revealed that the the percentage of Fe on weld increases when dilution levels rises. The increase in Mo, W and reduction in Fe content on the weld metal contributed to the formation of secondaries phases. Regarding the microhardness, no significative differences between first and last weld bead and the microhardness values obtained were appropriate for weld overlays. For corrosion resistance, some of the samples supported Critical Pitting Temperature (CPT) of 80 ÂC and there were a relation between the controled factors and principals alloy elements presents in the weld overlays.
Pessoa, Edson Frota. "Soldagem de revestimento com ligas de níquel empregando o processo MIG/MAG com duplo arame para aplicações em componentes do setor de petróleo e gás natural". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2014. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/11071.
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The aim of this work was to evaluate the operational (weld geometry and dilution) and metallurgical characteristcs (microstructure, chemical composition, microhardness and corrosion resistance) of Inconel 625 and Hastelloy C-276 nickel-based alloys weld overlay deposited simultaneously by GMAW Double Wire process on steel plate ASTM 516 Gr 60. Initially a previous study was carried out in order to know the early welding parameters and the operational limits of process. Next, single passes welding trials was conducted by applying Taguchi method aiming to select the best parameters of each control factor studied in a reduced numbers of experiments. After, weld overlays were made based on selected parameters. Next, the definitive weld overlays were deposited on steel plates and thus were analysed the geometric features, dilution and metallurgical characterization using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, also a chemical composition analysis was carried out. The profile of microhardness were also performed, as well as analysis of corrosion resistance. The results showed that the minimal global dilution levels measured on definitive weld overlays were 22% approximately. The microstructure of the weld overlays deposited by mixing Inconel 625 and Hastelloy C-276 was constituted generally by a gamma matrix and secondaries phases enriched in niobium, molybdenum and titanium. The chemical composition analysis revealed that the the percentage of Fe on weld increases when dilution levels rises. The increase in Mo, W and reduction in Fe content on the weld metal contributed to the formation of secondaries phases. Regarding the microhardness, no significative differences between first and last weld bead and the microhardness values obtained were appropriate for weld overlays. For corrosion resistance, some of the samples supported Critical Pitting Temperature (CPT) of 80 °C and there were a relation between the controled factors and principals alloy elements presents in the weld overlays
Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as características operacionais (geometria da solda e diluição) e metalúrgicas (microestrutura, composição química, microdureza e resistência à corrosão) de revestimentos compostos pela mistura das ligas de níquel Inconel 625 e Hastelloy C-276 depositadas simultaneamente pelo processo MIG/MAG duplo arame sobre chapas de aço ASTM 516 Gr 60. Inicialmente foi realizado um estudo preliminar para conhecer os parâmetros iniciais de soldagem e os limites operacionais do processo. Em seguida, foram realizados ensaios em simples deposição através da aplicação do Método Taguchi com intuito de selecionar os melhores parâmetros de cada fator de controle avaliado em um número reduzido de experimentos. Posteriormente, foram realizados revestimentos iniciais a partir dos parâmetros selecionados. Em seguida foram realizados revestimentos definitivos nos quais foram feitas análises das características geométricas e diluição, além de uma caracterização metalúrgica com uso de microscopia ótica, microscopia eletrônica de varredura e análise de composição química. Ainda foram realizadas análises do perfil de microdureza dos revestimentos, bem como análise de resistência à corrosão. Os resultados mostraram que os níveis de diluição global mínimos alcançados nos ensaios definitivos foram de aproximadamente 22%. A microestrutura dos revestimentos soldados com a mistura das ligas Inconel 625 e Hastelloy C-276 foi constituída de uma maneira geral por uma matriz gama com precipitação de fases secundárias ricas em nióbio, molibdênio e titânio. A análise de composição química revelou que o percentual de Fe na solda é crescente com o aumento da diluição. O aumento de Mo, W e redução do Fe no metal de solda contribuiu para a formação de fases secundárias. Em relação à microdureza, não houve diferenças significativas entre o primeiro e o último cordão de solda e os valores obtidos foram adequados para revestimento. Já para a resistência à corrosão, algumas amostras atingiram temperatura crítica de pite (TCP) de 80°C e houve uma relação entre os fatores de controle os principais elementos de liga presentes nos revestimentos
Tan, Mélissa. "Caractérisation et valorisation de la production d’arômes par la levure non-conventionnelle Saprochaete suaveolens : analyse métabolique de souches sauvages et mutantes et application biotechnologique dans le domaine brassicole". Thesis, La Réunion, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LARE0032.
Texto completoThe huge diversity of natural aroma compounds produced by yeast is described as an option particularly interesting because of the various metabolisms occurring in these microorganisms and their ability of producing a large panel of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Among the non-Saccharomyces yeast cited in the literature, the yeast Saprochaete suaveolens (former known as Geotrichum fragrans) is distinguishable from the others aromatic yeasts for its high productivity in VOCs both from a quantitative and qualitative point of view. S. suaveolens is notably very promising for its production in high valuable α-unsaturated esters such as ethyl tiglate, which are rarely refund in the aromatic bouquet of yeast strains and which are industrially produced by synthetical way for the aroma market. Aromatic metabolism of S. suaveolens could therefore be seen as a modele for VOCs production by yeast. This study aimed at better characterizing and valorizing the aroma production by a wild strain of S. suaveolens by three approaches. First approach is based on the use of the knowledges on aromatic metabolism of S. suaveolens to develop a screening method allowing the selection of natural VOCs producing wild strains, notably under form of α-unsaturated esters. The second approach consisted in optimizing the aroma production by S. suaveolens while generating and selecting mutants overproducing unsaturated esters via UV mutagenesis. The last approach allowed evaluating the aromatization power of S. suaveolens in brewery fermentation condition. Globally, results of these works have shown that our model based on S. suaveolens metabolism allowed isolating news α-unsaturated esters producing strains from samples taken from dejections of wild animals in South-Africa. Moreover, the mutagenic approach allowed demonstrating the possibility of very significantly increasing the overall VOCs production of S. suaveolens thank to the inactivation of a key-enzyme of its aromatic metabolism, namely the enoyl-CoA hydratase. Finally, beer making trials clearly showed that S. suaveolens posseses an aromatizing power particularly appreciable in the context of mixed fermentation of musts carried out in industrial conditions in the presence of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae