Tesis sobre el tema "Architecture – URSS – 20e siècle"
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Bellat, Fabien. "France-URSS : regards sur l'architecture (1931-1958)". Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100034.
Texto completoThe soviet architecture had aroused the interest of French architects, even during the Stalinist era. Despite the discredit of constructivism in 1931 and the appearance of neo-academism, in a polemic context, the French architects never ceased to look on buildings of SSSR – meanwhile the soviet propaganda try to continue the bonds with the French like Auguste Perret, André Lurçat… Tree parts structured that thesis. A first part study the 1930’s, with the testimony of writers as Gide, Duhamel. The competition of the Palace of Soviets had a large echo in France, not only with Le Corbusier. The travels of French architects in SSSR are based on unpublished materials of the RGALI of Moscow. The travels of soviet architects in France are also evocated, like the one organised by Emile Maigrot in 1935. The second part, the 1940’s study the echo of the soviet Reconstruction in the French architectural press, the contacts between France and SSSR, around Perret, his pupils, Jacques Carlu… So the cold war haven’t stop the touchs connecting the two worlds. The third part, the 1950’s, treats on the blame of neo-academism, particularly criticized by the French architects during Moscow Congress of 1958. In fact, the soviet architecture has always been seen by the French architects, that looked on it with fascination and confusion
Essaïan, Elisabeth. "Le plan général de reconstruction de Moscou de 1935 : la ville, l'architecte et le politique : héritages culturels et pragmatisme économique". Paris 8, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA083318.
Texto completoThis thesis deals with the General Reconstruction Plan for Moscow of 1935. This plan is analysed in terms of Russian cultural traditions from before the Soviet period which survived due to the continuity of personnel. The genesis of the plan is studied in terms of the interaction between architects and political leaders. Particular attention is paid to economic factors, despite the symbolic dimension of the operation. Finally, the thesis demonstrates the gap between the proposed plan and its ultimate realisation and analyses the means by which the plan was adapted to the existing city
Gaessler, Stéphane. "Les grandes transformations de l'architecture et de l'urbanisme en URSS 1953 -1965. Renouvellement de la théorie et de la pratique dans l'architecture et l'urbanisme". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2024SORUL050.pdf.
Texto completoThe in-depth study of architectural life in the USSR after the death of Joseph Stalin in March 1953 has so far only been the subject of fragmentary studies. This work attempts to fill this historiographical gap by approaching architecture, urban planning, and territorial development as inseparable domains, intersecting with the history of ideas and techniques. Our research in Russian, French, and American archives has enabled us to reconstruct a map of technical delegations and professional missions sent by the USSR to various countries in the Western and Southern worlds from 1955 onwards. Through this fairly systematic compilation, we aim to reveal which countries, which models, which objects, and techniques have had the most influence to and from the USSR, and to reconstruct the national and international roots of the late Soviet landscape. We will revisit the activities of the Soviets within various international organizations and associations, and the USSR's policy in favor of socialist standardization within the Communist Bloc and beyond in the Southern countries. Through the processing of unpublished archival funds located in Moscow, notably within the State Archives of the Economy of Russia (RGAE), the State Archives of Literature and Art (RGALI), the A.V. Shchusev National Museum of Architecture, and the Museum of the Moscow Architectural Institute (MArchI), as well as numerous professional Soviet periodicals and those of other countries, we have valuable sources to attempt to better understand the mechanisms of architectural creation and the technical and social evolution of the profession, between the end of the Second World War and the late 1960s. The aim is to study these developments through often unpublished objects, models, and drawings, buildings, urban ensembles, and landscapes, which, beyond their economic and social, political, and symbolic meanings, also touch on issues of aesthetics and art history
Nérard, François-Xavier. "Protestation et dénonciations dans l'URSS stalinienne, 1928-1941 : étude d'une pratique sociale et politique". Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010503.
Texto completoDeschepper, Julie. "Entre trace et monument. Le patrimoine soviétique en Russie : acteurs, discours et usages (1917-2017)". Thesis, Paris, INALCO, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019INAL0028.
Texto completoWhy, how and by whom have the material remains of the Soviet past been preserved – or not – in Russia? In the last fifteen years, this question has aroused an increasing interest. While scholars have mostly interrogated the multiple stakes raised by Soviet-Era monuments in Post-Socialist contexts, this work contributes to explain the current situation analyzing monumental productions through the prism of heritage and with a long-term perspective. Indeed, most of the Soviet-Era sculptures and buildings were already inscribed and designated as cultural heritage during the Soviet period. This study then scrutinizes the various heritagization processes of Soviet monuments, shedding light on the variety of actors they implicated and examining the evolution of uses, roles and functions of transforming Soviet monumental productions into heritage. The making of a heritage proper to Soviet Russia was indeed consubstantial with the establishment of the Socialist regime, especially because it allowed to create and control over its historical memory. Moreover, this analysis contributes to a broader debate on the relation between heritage as a concept and the understanding of space and time in the USSR. The last part of my dissertation explores the new uses of Soviet monuments since the 2000s, revealing the continuity in terms of uses and actors with the USSR, as well as the ambiguities dealing with the Soviet past. Overall, this dissertation intends to contribute to the writing of a cultural history of Russia, to offer new perspectives on the concept of heritage in Soviet context and to give some keys of understanding of Socialist-Era monument’s treatments in Post-Socialist contexts
Montlibert, Catherine de. "FACTEURS endogènes DE TRANSFORMATION DE LA société STALINIENNE : LE CAS PARTICULIER DE L'héroïsme (1929-1953)". Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991STR20027.
Texto completoThe different ranks related to heroism in ussr generated an administrative system which gradually became institutionalized as the post revolutionary state expanded. Henceforth, heroes of soviet union are symbolic representatives of the soviet state according to the analysis make with the m mauss and h hubert's works, they are heroes of the state. They could not exist without the state. They forme the military elite either as field officiers or as general of moreover, they have the opportunity to make a career in government service or in politics. Heroes play an important social role within the soviet society. They take part in the process of politic legitimacy. Thet set an example for the education of the ideal homo sovieticus. The heroes'social position evidences the equality of opportunity extolled by communism. Through, social promotion, working class people are able to get high positions. "podvig", the russian equivalent for act of heroism, is the basis of social differentiation and promotion. A growing state is likely to need charismatic figures. That is why soviet heroes come into conflict with orthodox martyrs. Martyrs and saints are both "founders"
Madhoun, Mimoun. "Le développement des relations sino-japonaises depuis la rupture sino-soviétique jusqu'à la signature du traité de paix sino-japonais (1960-1978)". Paris, INALCO, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INAL0003.
Texto completoMonnier, Gérard. "Architecture et culture en France de 1918 à1950". Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010564.
Texto completoMarangé, Céline. "Trajectoire historique du communisme vietnamien : transfert et appropriation des modèles soviétique et chinois (1919-1991)". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010IEPP0023.
Texto completoThis thesis deals with the socio-historical formation of a socialist single-party state in a formerly colonized country: Vietnam. In order to grasp the specificity of Vietnamese communism, we study the agents of the communist ideology diffusion, the impact of anti-colonialism and war, the various forms of influence exercised by the Soviet and the Chinese communists between 1919 and 1991, as well as the processes of appropriation and resistance caused by this new form of domination. Our inquiry relies on various Russian, Chinese, American and French archival documents, and on a large array of printed sources in Vietnamese. It shows that, no matter the state of their relations with Moscow and Beijing, the Vietnamese communists continuously drew their inspiration from the Soviet and Chinese models. Though the observed transfers were born out of constraint at two founding moments, they resulted mostly from a permanent inclination to mimic. The Vietnamese party-state differs little from the Soviet and the Chinese models in its organization and its modes of governance. Its resemblance is mainly due to the Vietnamese communists’ fidelity to the Leninist model, as well as to the doctrinal rigidity and practical nature of the communist ideology. However, there is one domain in which the Vietnamese communists asserted specificity: the nation-building process. If their policies of ethnic homogenization and territorial administration are reminiscent of the Soviet and Chinese practices, their willingness to create a supra-national state and to recast the historical discourse also signals the persistence of some domination schemes and forms of racism, inherited from the colonial period
Dorlin, Sabrina. "Histoire culturelle des Allemands au Kazakhstan de la Seconde Guerre mondiale à nos jours : des efforts d'enracinement aux perspectives de retour". Lyon 2, 2003. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2003/dorlin_s.
Texto completoOur study consists of an analysis of the German community in Kazakhstan and the elements which make it considered an ethnic group. It aims to answer the following question : can we speak about a German community in Kazakhstan ?ʺ Indeed, even if the Germans in Kazakhstan have not found any autonomous political structure since 1941, they have however maintained their cultural identity. We chose several angles of reflection : initially the research of the origins of the Germans in Russia and Kazakhstan and their history since the 1940s; then the analysis of the place granted to the German language and its evolution; finally, the study of the German cultural revival. By presenting fields such as media, literature, theatre, arts, religious confessions and traditions supported by robust statistics, examples and testimonies, this work offers an empirical and theoretical study of social and cultural phenomena
Tzamou, Ekaterini. "Arts plastiques et architecture en France depuis 1950 : le sculpteur Philolaos". Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010567.
Texto completoMiloradovich, von Croy Alexandra. "Les dissidents soviétiques en Allemagne". Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040119.
Texto completoIn the 70's some dissenters to the communist regime in the Soviet Union were exiled or forced to leave their country. A considerable number of them established themselves in the Federal Republic of Germany. By "dissenters" we mean those people who have already openly proclaimed their opposition while still the Soviet Union and who accepted the consequences emanating from their non-conformism with the communist regime. Thanks to a questionnaire sent to some twenty outstanding dissidents, this study attempts to understand their specific path as dissidents, to find out why they chose to live in Germany and whether they wanted or managed to get integrated in Germany society and how they endure their exile. With the fall of communism, the various changes taking place in their country, they were faced with the possibility of deciding whether to stay in Germany or eventually return back and play, an active role in their country. Even if it is unfortunately true that they have not found real recognition, the role of the dissenters is a historical fact
Fritsch-Bournazel, Renata. "Le rôle de l'Allemagne dans le monde européen au XXe siècle : [thèse soutenue sur un ensemble de travaux] : présentation de travaux". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985IEPP0014.
Texto completoEvdoxia, Katla. "Modèles culturels de l'habitat grec contemporain". Paris 7, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA070004.
Texto completoAn effort to discover the cultural models of the contemporary Greek habitat. Analysis of forty non-directional interviews realized in Athens, Lamia (provincial town), Aspra Spitia (private workers' town of Pechiney)and Larymna (workers'town of Larko), in flats and individual dwellings. The first part is dedicated to the conditions of housing in Greece (economic and demographic evolution during the 20th century, present situation, architectural evolution in individual houses and multiple dwellings. In the second part, we proceed to a comparison of individual houses and multiple dwellings, examining: a) the appropriation of space and the property (space personal marks, maintenance and house keeping - clean and unclean - interior lay out and private corners). B) the living spaces (front and back, kitchen and dining room, reception spaces bedrooms, verandas, yards and garden). C) Home and social relations (being at home, neighborhood relations). Finally, we examine the aspirations related to habitat. In the conclusions, we are regrouping our previous observations based on the analysis of our interviews
Curien, Émeline. "L'architecture suisse alémanique 1979-2007 : pensées constructives". Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010503.
Texto completoStavrinaki, Maria. "Les idéologies de l'œuvre d'art totale : les problématiques de l'union de l'art et de la vie selon quelques architectes allemands et ceux de la Glaeserne Kette en particulier". Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010655.
Texto completoVolait, Mercedes. "Architectes et architectures de l'Egypte moderne (1820-1960) : émergence et constitution d'une expertise technique locale". Aix-Marseille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX10009.
Texto completoThe architectural forms and urban schemes produced in egypt since the mid-19th century were not only conceived by european professionals but also by local talent of high calibre - if generally unknownthe growth and evolution of this expertise, whose capacity to assimilate modern european technique and know-how was remarkable, seem mainly due to the substantial development of state programs and public policies in the field of architecture and urbanism during the period covered by the study
Obeisi, Charif. "Tradition et modernité des courants architecturaux contemporains dans les pays arabes : recherches et propositions". Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010628.
Texto completoNowadays, one notice that arabic architects focus their creative efforts of the use of modern technology and architecture without taking into account the real needs of the man with the expansion of local architectural heritage. The expression of a real creative identity originates from the architectural surroundings. It's because any architectural work must be in harmony with this environment. Anyway, the architectural space is actually inspired by a subtil cross-references between the various constituents of nature and culture, of the individual and society, variatious every time renewed and which by their authenticity qualify this space characterizing it from others
Marbehant, Sylvain. "Concevoir le contexte de l'architecture: réalité habitée et réalité projetée dans trois doctrines du 20e siècle". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209176.
Texto completoLe contexte d'une œuvre rassemble l'ensemble des conditions matérielles, sociocognitives et culturelles qui contribuent à sa signification. Cependant l'interprétation d'un contexte est souvent faite de manière équivoque tant les sources du sens sont multiples et variées pour l'architecture.
Un examen rapide de l'évolution de la culture architecturale dans le courant du 20e siècle permet de situer la grande popularité de la question du contexte dans la seconde moitié de ce siècle. L'importance du contexte y apparaissait comme une force effective pour endiguer la crise du sens que connaissait l'architecture. Une sensibilité commune émergea au sein de trois courants architecturaux – appelés dans cette étude la Team 10, les Italiens et les Américains. Tous fondaient leurs interprétations sur l'idée que les conditions matérielles et historiques d'une situation donnée participent à la signification que prend l'œuvre architecturale chez ses habitants. Ils en déduisirent une série de notions originales qui constituent l'objet de cette étude.
Au moment du repli théorique amorcé au moment du postmodernisme, ces interprétations furent formalisées au sein de trois doctrines :le structuralisme, le rationalisme et le contextualisme. Dans ce cadre doctrinal, à chaque situation donnée pouvaient correspondre plusieurs contextes élaborés a priori et conditionnant sans détour l'œuvre architecturale qui y prenait place. Ainsi, alors que la signification d'un contexte est liée à sa spécificité, ces interprétations formalisées encourageaient la reproduction de stratégies d'interventions architecturales abstraites de toute contingence.
La critique du postmodernisme expliqua ces pratiques caricaturales par l'oubli du rôle actif des auteurs architectes dans le travail d'interprétation du contexte d'une œuvre. Un contexte ne doit pas être interprété seulement en tant que réalité habitée – trouvant son sens chez les habitants de l'œuvre – mais aussi en tant que réalité projetée. – trouvant son sens dans la conception de l'œuvre.
La première hypothèse de cette recherche avance qu'au sein des trois courants à l'origine des doctrines du structuralisme, du rationalisme et du contextualisme s'exprimait consciemment cette différence entre réalité habitée et réalité projetée. Si les formalisations doctrinales écartèrent l'importance de l'engagement créatif des architectes dans l'interprétation d'un contexte n'avait pas été oubliée chez les principaux auteurs de ces trois courants. La seconde hypothèse de cette recherche avance que l'interprétation d'un contexte en tant que réalité projetée est nécessaire pour renouveler le sens de l'œuvre qui y est associée. Par l'engagement de l'auteur architecte, peut naître une relation spécifique entre l'œuvre architecturale et son contexte, spécificité garante de la signification.
Ces deux hypothèses s'appuient sur deux développements. D'abord un double inventaire des principales notions relatives à la compréhension du contexte de l'œuvre architecturale en tant que réalité habitée et en tant que réalité projetée. Ces inventaires sont illustrés par quelques projets exemplaires traduisant l'impact de ces interprétations sur l'architecture construite. Ensuite par une réflexion théorique plus générale développant la relation possible entre la connaissance architecturale et l'œuvre au sein d'une réalité projetée. A la suite de ce second développement de nature épistémologique, nous avançons que par la nature intermédiaire que prennent les connaissances dans le cadre d'une réalité projetée, il s'instaure une relation de réciprocité – et non pas d'autorité - entre le théorique et le pratique.
Doctorat en Art de bâtir et urbanisme
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Moulin, Laure-Estelle. "L'architecture judiciaire en France sous la Vème République". Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010662.
Texto completoGarbe, Edouard. "La Chute de l'URSS et les transformations de la société russe à travers la littérature et la presse russes". Reims, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REIML009.
Texto completoSumpf, Alexandre. "Le visage vers la campagne : les bolcheviks et l'éducation politique de la paysannerie dans les années 1920". Toulouse 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU20101.
Texto completoResearch is about the early development of Soviet “totalitarian project”, based on educational and political control of adult population, peasantry in particular. The thesis is a social history of politics, playing on various scales from the decisional center to the local achievement, from institutions to the individuals. First part draws the history of Main Direction for Political Education, in charge of propaganda for communism. Founded in 1920 as the State counterpart of Central Comity’s Agit-prop Department, Glavpolitprosvet was a secondary wheel in State-Party system, but was a central institution of the new “Propaganda State”. Second part studies the network of political education’s administration and institutions from the provincial scale to the village. Everywhere it hardly functioned, results were mediocre; moreover, Bolshevik representations about rural world totally denied its realities. Third part analyses the contradictory recruitment and the quite theoretical training of political educators for the villages. Deprived from a corporative identity to adhere to, their involvement in the Soviet system could be seen as the affirmation of a real individual and personal choice
Peters, Christian. "Hauptstadtsymbolik und Architektur : eine Untersuchung zu den Formen politischer Selbstdarstellung in der Berliner Republik und im Paris der Ära Mitterand". Paris, EPHE, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EPHE4024.
Texto completoLengereau, Éric. "La Vème République et la politique de l'architecture, 1958-1981 : les hommes, les idées, les dispositifs". Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010686.
Texto completoPortefaix, Valérie. "Architecture et territoire : outils et stratégies du projet à grande échelle dans l'oeuvre de Le Corbusier". Grenoble 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001GRE21027.
Texto completoBridoux-Michel, Séverine-Alice. "Architecture et musique : croisements de pensées après 1950 : la collaboration de l'architecte et du musicien, de la conception à l'œuvre". Lille 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LIL30020.
Texto completoAfter 1950, the western artistic world is becoming the scene of profound mutations. By rejecting academic traditions or by attracting the phenomena of modernisation, artists and creators allow the frontiers of the different disciplines to become more permeable, thus multiplying poly-artistic experiences. Studying the new problems resulting from inter-disciplines constitutes our first approach to this phenomena. From this approach, we present multiple manifestations of the architectural musical relationship and we try to work out, through this, a typology of the forms of relation. Three "monuments" distinguish themselves and later become the object of more in-depth analysis : the first, "The Philips Pavilion" at the Brussels International Exhibition 1958, for which architects and musicians together, Le Corbusier, E. Varèse and I. Xenakis, collaborate in a project, whereby the idea of "diathesis" seems to emanate from the confrontation of independent creation. From our second subject, it is the reflexion led by K. Stockhausen on the notion of "music in space" which dominates. This results in the realisation of the "Spherical Auditorium" at the German Pavilion of the Universal Exhibition in Osaka in 1970, in collaboration with the architect F. Bornemann. Finally, conception and work carried out for Prometeo by L. Nono and for its associated spatial structure, work of R. Piano, solidifies a third major collaboration. These three examples share a similar purpose in renewing the space of traditional scenic representation. By studying such projects we are trying to show how the encounter between the architect and the musician can in this way witness a new conception of the world
Abas, Françoise. "Le zaum dans la poésie russe du XXème siècle". Paris, INALCO, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989INAL0008.
Texto completoJungers, Solange. "L' architecture des hypermarchés en région parisienne, 1961-2000". Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010560.
Texto completoMachaalany, Rabih. "L'architecture religieuse au Liban (XIXe et XXe siècles)". Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040034.
Texto completoThe religious architecture in Lebanon from the XIX th. & XX th. Centuries presents religious monuments dating from this period. Other Christian monuments dating from the XVII th. & XVIII th. Centuries are also included because of the restorations & renovations done during the XIX th. & XX th. Centuries. This study presents the history of Lebanon, his religious community system, the Patriarch Elias Hoayek & 3 saints of the XIX th. Century. The rocky hermitages, the village chapels (single or double naves) & the large cathedrals of the crusaders period are the roots of the XIX th. & XX th. Century's churches. The religious monuments studied are divided between the capital Beirut, Mount Lebanon, North Lebanon, South Lebanon & the Bekaa. A huge resemblance is observed between traditional civil architecture & religious one, especially when using red roofing tiles & rock-cut stones (white, brown, grey, or yellow). The general plan of a monastery is always a classic rectangular one around an interior courtyard including gardens & a basin. Most of the Lebanese convents are nearly built the same way, but it varies in the surface, between 2 & 5 stories, & according to their regions & requirements. Churches are composed of one large nave & sometimes surrounded by 2 side aisles. It ends with a semicircular apse where the altar is placed. The nave is covered with different kinds of vaults. The principal entrance may be preceded with a narthex or stairs or even without both of them. The influence of religious architecture varies between Byzantine, Crusader, Italian, French & American styles
Lipsky, Florence. "Le campus comme territoire spécifique et milieu de vie au 21e siècle : étude de cas japonais (19-20e siècle)". Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014VERS016S.
Texto completoWithin the field of Architecture and Environmental Design, and by applying Foucault’s “heterotopia” concept, this work examines the campus as a space that is different from other spaces. According to its defining principles, the American campus is a reference for highlighting major themes: community engagement, questions of Town and Gown, and nature’s role in university life. This reflection, nourished by personal experiences and many years of professional practice in France, leads to the hypothesis that living on a campus is a spatial experience that contributes to an individual’s education, and therefore, must be fully understood on a human scale. The research develops a vision of university space design in the 21st century, based on the notion of environmental surroundings and beginning with territorial dynamics. An analysis of the Japanese campus helps support this reflection. History serves as a privileged tool for understanding how places were shaped at the time of Heian (794-1185), Meiji (1868-1912), and Heisei (1989-)
Nicolini, Isabelle. "La population d'origine russe en France : approche ethnobiographique des regroupements à Nice, Paris et Bussy-en-Othe : mémoires, rites et identités". Nice, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NICE2001.
Texto completoThis thesis deals with the Russian emigration in France from 1917 to 1991. Using an ethnobiographic approach, it analyses the stakes of the transmission through the generations and the identity of the Russian settlement in Nice, Paris and Bussy-en-Othe. The aim of this work is to describe the basics particular to all of the three waves of Russian emigration and its own characteristics. This research concentrates on the sociological portrait of those three migratory groups, through their cultural roots, which has determined their community integration across the space and temporal changes. It points out the own transmission systems of these groups whose arrival at different decades induced a distinct behaviour in the ritualized practices and the process of the social transmission
Kunth, Anouche. "Du Caucase à Paris : un autre exil arménien : expériences migratoires et ancrages en dispora : de 1920 à l'implosion de l'Union Soviétique". Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0055.
Texto completoRather than approaching the Armenian Great Diaspora from the perspective of its Ottoman origins, this research is devoted to the lesser-known itineraries of Armenian subjects of the Tsarist Empire, mainly from the Transcaucasus province, during and after the 1917 Revolution. As a social elite, they escaped the wave of repression targeting opponents of Bolshevism and fled into exile, with France as a favorite destination, trading along the way their former citizenship for the newly status of refugee created under the aegis of the League of Nations. From a social and even political point of view, they shared very little with the Armenians of the former Ottoman Empire, numerously exiled in France. Cultural component of the Russian community, the « Caucasians » tended to despise the rural and uncouth « Turkish » Armenians, so challenging any assumptions about the prominence of the ethnic factor in the coalescence of a Diasporic group. Yet, their political education and social clout predisposed them to a leading role in the organization of the Great Diaspora. The relation between these Armenian groups took unexpected paths, difficulties stemming from the deeply contrasted nature of their recent ordeal: ethnic genocide against social and political persecutions. Examining the Armenian Diaspora from the angle of its initial heterogeneity, this research offers an in-depth analysis on the long-run (1920s-1990s). It highlights the main mechanisms, both official and unofficial, responsible for the amalgamation of human groups marked by very diverse experiences into a still homogeneous community, slowly convinced it was born from a single original Big Bang-like traumatic event
Telese, Raffaella. "Il restauro dell'architettura del XX secolo : il caso francese". Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004VERS029S.
Texto completoSebbene indagato da ricercatori e tecnici da almeno un ventennio, il tema del restauro dell'architettura moderna e contemporanea conserva a tutt'oggi immutata la sua attualità in ambito internazionale. Molto eterogene et sono infatti le posizioni teoriche ed ideologiche rispetto al patrimonio ed all'architettura moderna in ambito internazionale. Spesso contraddette da una pratica operativa troppo frettolosamente orientata verso soluzioni di ripristino dello stato originario, esse oscillano fra la linea dell' unita di metodo, per l'intervento tanto sia sul patrimonio antico che sul moderno, e quella della diversificazione specialistica, giustificata da una serie di caratteristiche e di fattori peculiari di volta attribuiti all'architettura del Novecento. In questo variegato panorama internazionale particolarmente interessante ci è sembrata la posizione francese, caratterizzata da un lungo processo di maturazione attraverso il quale è stata infine predisposta una precisa strategia di tutela e di valorizzazione dell'architettura del XX secolo. L'analisi della pratica del restauro dell'architettura del XX secolo in Francia, nel suo aspetto tecnico e metodologico, constituisce infatti il contributo centrale e originale di questo lavoro, concepito come una dettagliata indagine sul terreno attraverso l'esperienza concreta e attuale di undici cantieri di restauro condotti, fra la line degli anni Novanta e l'anno corrente. L'obiettivo di questo contributo è di fornire il supporto di conoscenze e di elementi indispensabili alla formulazione di considerazioni critiche sulla pratica francese del restauro del patrimonio recente
Korganow, Alexis. "L'équipement socio-culturel, trajectoire architecturale d'un type contrarié d'édifice public à l'ère des loisirs (1936-1975)". Paris 8, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA082235.
Texto completoThe mutation of the worker's free time beginning with the Front Populaire brought about a change in the goals and the practices developped by the institutions responsable for worker education. Descending from the typology known as the " maison du peuple ", Socio-cultural facilities will become the generic title of a new family of public buildings resulting from this change. In the context of an increasingly apparent governement interventionism, this research proposes to analyse, in chronological order, the differents experimental situations that engendered the architecture of socio-cultural facilities. This investigation clarifies the contribution of actors other than the State upon the political agendas fostered through the institution of the socio-cultural facility. It demonstrates the persistence of certain spatial problematics and the predilection of modern architecture for certain traditional themes
Du, Mesnil du Buisson Etienne. "L'oeuvre attestée de Gustave Serrurier (1858-1910) (Serrurier-Bovy)". Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006VERS008S.
Texto completoThis study presents an exhaustive grouping of the recognised art works of Gustave Serrurier (Liège 1858-1910), iconography and commentary, contemporary of the artist. It also presents abundant recent photos of buildings and decorations which have been preserved as plenty of newly found furniture corresponding to the old iconography. All and all : 884 pictures and graphics. This study has allowed to clearly differentiate the pieces of work created with a research purpose which respect three fundamental principles (rationality, art for all, and attachment to symbolism) from the pieces created with a commercial purpose. The manner of the research art works progresses consistently all along to the future principles of design and modernism. Then the artist is revealed to be seen that which it wanted to be, that is to say an actor of the future
Bigot, du Mesnil du Buisson Françoise. "Gustave Serrurier, 1858-1910 (Serrurier-Bovy) : parcours d'un architecte à l'aube du XXème siècle : rationalisme, art social, symbolisation". Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004VERS019S.
Texto completoThis work followed three research orientations: a study of the biography of Gustave Serrurier (Liège, 1858 - Liège, 1910) and of his socio-political and cultural environment, a study of its writings (publications and manuscripts) and its personal library, a thinking about some of its major works (architectur, decoration and furniture). The analysis and the crossing of the biographical facts, the writings and works made it possible to renew the vision which one had of the artist like that of the theoretical bases of his work. Thus they clarify the combined action of three theoretical forces in creations of this architect-designer : its moral vision of an intimist and simple way of life in a more egalitarian world, its constructive rationalism inspired by his mentor guide Viollet-le-Duc, his attachment to expres! sion symbolic system. From this analysis also another face of Gustave Serrurier is revealed. He was not only the designer whom one knows but a philosophical man and an impassioned militant who explodes within the narrow limits inside which one generally studies him, i. E. Those of the art nouveau. He raised actual questions about the role of art in life and about the optimum conditions for everyone’s everyday life. He really sought to put his life and his work in coherence with his conclusions. In spite of his modest position as a factor of pieces of furniture and interior architect, he seems an actual thinker who influenced the future
Wierre, Florence. "Euralille (1988-1995). Les modalités d'une opération d'aménagement contemporaine : organiser, communiquer, archiver". Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010673.
Texto completoOudoire, Jean-Marie. "Ferdinand Dutert, 1845-1906 : une architecture de plain-pied avec le vingtième siècle". Lille 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LIL3A001.
Texto completoSegaud, Marion. "Esquisse d'une sociologie du goût en architecte". Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100122.
Texto completoKim, Soon-Wung. "André Le Donné (1899 - 1983) architecte et urbaniste : une architecture de la banalité et de la pauvreté". Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040010.
Texto completoAndré Le Donné (1899 - 1983) is one of the notable architects who represent the continuity of religious architecture in years 50-60 in France. In 1945, Le Donné was chief architect in charge of Le Havre´s reconstruction. This huge urban plan, which was marked by anonymity and uniformity, comes from the concept of banality of August Perret. Le Donné integrates such a theory of banality in his architectural universe by the realization of groups of buildings that are an innovation in the Parisian 50-60´s type of accomodation. As he was one of the main architects of the underground Basilic of Lourdes, he was also the author of the other seven important churches of our epoch thanks to the architectural rigour and adaptability of the liturgical installations. The architect himself calls them « houses of prayer », and some of them constitute true modern transpositions of the « church-house » of the first centuries of Christianity. By demonstrating his philosophical and cultural extend in magazines such as “Art Sacré”, “Art Chrétien”, the architect tried to clear all the plastic possibilities of structure and materials. He did it with a sense which comes closer to the truth and which provides access to the evangelic ideal of poverty. In this way he institutes a dialogue with the spiritual and material poverty of the epoch, opening the path to a contemporary religious architecture
Loriette, Nicolas. "Les édifices de stockage des céréales dans les grands départements céréaliers français : 1929 - 1969". Rennes 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008REN20065.
Texto completoChoosing to separate this study in four chronologic parts, it is showing the grain storage device evolution in six major French counties between 1929 and 1969. It tries to reveal how and why there are such a wide variety of shapes in the process of grain storage buildings. Therefore, this study considers an inventory of 460 selected sites. Based on both methods of history and history of art, it deals with a systematic analysis of grain evelator and their storage bins in order to establish a rational typology, and how those industrial buildings accomodate the 20th century architectural currents. Besides of the architectural aspect, economical facts, industrial revolution, institutional structures put in light the roles of a bunch of close but distinct corporations such as : farmers, cooperators, builders, counselors, engineers and architects. This very work explain the constraints on the evolution of the different constructive elements according to the different periods. It casts a new light on surprisingly rich fields of the 20th century agricultural patrimony completly forgotten by the historical sciences in order to attract the attention of the reader as to its future
Rouyer, Rémi. "Architecture et procès techniques : les figures de l'imaginaire". Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010580.
Texto completoMartinon, Jean-Pierre. "La profession d'architecte en France au XIX et XXE siècle : éducations et carrières d'architectes Grands Prix de Rome et primés à ce concours". Paris 5, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA05H020.
Texto completoThis work is based on a study of the careers 492 architects who won prizes in the grand prix de Rome competition from 1797 to 1966. The formula "influence, imprint, rule" could be applied to the analysis of the career structure which developed from this competition, ritualised in its iconic forms and its production of knowledge. This study examines in depth the academic structures of teaching and architectural theory in France and reviews briefly the slow evolution of the French architectural profession in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. During this period, these academic structures were enshrined in the forms of architecture approved by the grand prix de rome, as practised in the architectural studios (both internal and external) of the ecole des beaux-arts. These studios produced and reproduced the traditional structures and teaching which were a breedingground for successive generations of architects. The specific nature of this academic, even authoritative, method of teaching architecture, allows the use, with discretion, of the terms "reproduction" and "legitimacy" of knowledge: - transmitting, learning, describing and making - enclosed in a self-referential professional culture and supported by teaching practices. The result was the creation of a symbolic "ethnos"; architects were thus placed within a socially organised framework, with a stable foundation, which defined the image of the profession. One of the aims of this work is to describe and analyse some of the groups of architects; they believed in their authority as "legislators" of architectural excellence, wielding and manipulating power. The author reviews the formal training in the studios, the hierarchy of honours and the web of affiliations, opportunities, alliances, breakups and reconciliations usualy ostentations in this environment
Dauss, Markus. "Die architektonische Symbolisierung politischer, sozialer und kultureller Institutionen in Berlin und Paris (1871-1918) : Studien zur politischen Ikonologie öffentlicher Architekturen im deutschen Kaiserreich und der dritten Republik". Paris, EPHE, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EPHE4029.
Texto completoOur study tries to examine the role of public buildings in the capitals of the German Empire (Berlin) and the third French Republic (Paris) from 1871 to 1918. The urban space is therefore being considered as a crystallization of the national community and its construction of identity. Political history has since some time focussed on the study of collective identity and its symbolization. The approach we have adopted for our study is a crossing of this current of political history and of a more classical kind of history of architecture. It could be called political iconology of architecture in Paris and Berlin. Our study which tries to close this gap hopes to find its readers in both countries. It treats the following building types: Basilique of the Holy Heart, parliamentary assemblies, government and post offices, town halls, museums, churches and Synagogues
Levatois, Marc. "Liturgie et organisation intérieure de l’espace des églises catholiques : contribution à une géographie du sacré et de ses mutations". Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040159.
Texto completoThe very notion of sacredness is most relevant in the geographical approach to religions. From that perspective, a sacred space can be found in the inner space organisation of Catholic churches. This liturgical sacred space is no doubt exemplified by the medieval church. Then, with the advent of modernity, church inner space lost some of its sacred features, especially in the aftermath of the Second Vatican Council liturgical reform. The traditionalists’ opposition to the reform actually has to do with the reorganisation of church space, and can thus be related to the contemporary debate over sacredness and sacred space in Roman Catholic liturgy
Sabatier, Benjamin. "Urbanisme et architecture à Rennes dans la première moitié du XXe siècle : de Jean Janvier à François Chateau, maires (1908-1944)". Rennes 2, 2009. http://www.bu.univ-rennes2.fr/system/files/theses/theseSabatier.pdf.
Texto completoFrench cities experience deep changes during the first half of the 20th century, over the urban spreading through residential areas. Taking Rennes specifically into account, this thesis focuses on urban planning, as well as public and private architecture programs achieved in this city. The offices of two mayors and building contractors Jean Janvier (1908-1923) and François Chateau (1935-1944) are used as chronological limits. In order to understand the requirements at stakes, this work focuses on various protagonists (mayors, institutions, architects and building contractors), public contractor services and local authorities of social housing agencies. In parallel, the turn of the century has been marked by new reflections on urbanism. Lots of residential areas are built and play a predominant role in urban planning. At that time, the French urban planning known as the Cornudet law - established on 14 March 1919 - and imposed upon lots of cities, is adopted by the city of Rennes. In order to achieve urban planning, many public buildings (schools, swimming-pools, sport stadiums, day-care centres, public baths) are set up in suburban areas. Through the research on building permits, many kinds of constructions are therefore approached (apartment buildings, houses, stores and manufactures, parking lots) and adopt a regionalist, Art deco or modern style. Finally, this period is also marked by a social housing emergence. Local authority agencies and private businesses will therefore suggest ways to make up for the housing crisis
Putz, Dominique. "La figure architecturale : le projet comme dispositif". Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENH028/document.
Texto completoL'auteur n'a pas fourni de résumé en anglais
Blanc, Nathalie. "La nature dans la cité". Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010509.
Texto completoThis research concerns the place allocated to nature in the citi today. We try to understand if the unsignificant role nature has in urban geography today extends to the thinking of the city. Besides we tempt to reintroduce nature in the geographical analysis through the study of the relation man animal
Jung, Inha. "Architecte Robert Camelot (1903-1992)". Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010733.
Texto completoThrough the life of french architect. Robert Camelot (1903-1992). We try to throw light on two historic facts which have appeared in the history of architecture after the second world war : the change of architectural practices provoked by urbanization, and the emergence of new construction techniques and their applications to the new architectural programme. Robert Camelot was un architect to be considered from this point of view. His activity is associated to the main projects of that time, and to the public mechanism which determines the direction of town planning. This represent also the archicte's adaptation to the new architectural conditions in fifties an sixtes, and the alteration which results in the confrontation of architectural practice with reality
Legay, Yves. "L' architecture des écoles élémentaires publiques en Gironde, XIXeme et XXeme siècle : de la maison d'école à une architecture scolaire : histoire d'un accomplissement". Bordeaux 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR30028.
Texto completoThis thesis explores the elementary school's architecture of State education, in the 19th and 20th centuries, in the division of local governement called "department of the Gironde". The phrase : "the construction of school buildings" applies here to the building of nursery and elementary schools of the State education. This sudy analyzes French school building policies and its practice in the Gironde. But does the school deserve to be analyzed as an architectural place ? This sudy looks at different aspects of the school : the institution, the pedagogy and the education. The real-estate packaging of the education is little approached. Many designers of school buildings have been forgotten. Few images (photos, planes, drawings) of these buildings and thier evolution have been kept. Paradoxically, the French Ministry of Education used to note everything concerning the working of the school : workforce, reports of inspection, regulations, and official texts. In the same way, the school construction is normalized by various codified texts. Various hypotheses arise concerning the real authenticity of a school architectural norm and the durability of a standard way of building. Is the school's architecture evolving as those of other buildings ? The anaysis of these school's buildings approaches the following points : is it really representative of the main various architectural currents of the period of it's own elaboration ? what is the part of modernity, traditionalism, regionalism in these buildings ? Schools are the object of a modernization. We are deeply interested in the architect's observations on these builidings. Does this modernization integrate the existing way of building ? Is this school architecture responding to the needs of the contemporary life ?