Índice
Literatura académica sobre el tema "Apprentissage adverse"
Crea una cita precisa en los estilos APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard y otros
Consulte las listas temáticas de artículos, libros, tesis, actas de conferencias y otras fuentes académicas sobre el tema "Apprentissage adverse".
Junto a cada fuente en la lista de referencias hay un botón "Agregar a la bibliografía". Pulsa este botón, y generaremos automáticamente la referencia bibliográfica para la obra elegida en el estilo de cita que necesites: APA, MLA, Harvard, Vancouver, Chicago, etc.
También puede descargar el texto completo de la publicación académica en formato pdf y leer en línea su resumen siempre que esté disponible en los metadatos.
Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Apprentissage adverse"
Fillières-Riveau, Gauthier, Jean-Marie Favreau, Vincent Barra y Guillaume Touya. "Génération de cartes tactiles photoréalistes pour personnes déficientes visuelles par apprentissage profond". Revue Internationale de Géomatique 30, n.º 1-2 (enero de 2020): 105–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/rig.2020.00104.
Texto completoTesis sobre el tema "Apprentissage adverse"
Viti, Mario. "Automated prediction of major adverse cardiovascular events". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UPASG084.
Texto completoThis research project is expected to be financed by a CIFRE scholarship in collaboration between GE Healthcare and CentraleSupelec. We are seeking to predict Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACE). These are typically embolism and aneurisms in the aorta and the coronary arteries, that give rise respectively to interrupted blood flow to the heart and so a risk of infarctus, or major hemorrhage. Both are life-threatening. When a patient is brought to hospital for an alert (angina, etc), they will undergo an X-ray CAT scan, which can be more or less invasive. A major objective of this research is to utilize as well as possible the available information in the form of 3D images together with patient history and other data, in order to avoid needless, invasive, irradiating or dangerous exams, while simultaneously guaranteeing optimal care and the best possible clinical outcome. The proposed methodologies include image analysis, image processing, computer vision and medical imaging procedures and methods, that will be developed in partnership between GE Healthcare and the CVN lab of CENTRALE SUPELEC
Bellón, Molina Víctor. "Prédiction personalisée des effets secondaires indésirables de médicaments". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLEM023/document.
Texto completoAdverse drug reaction (ADR) is a serious concern that has important health and economical repercussions. Between 1.9%-2.3% of the hospitalized patients suffer from ADR, and the annual cost of ADR have been estimated to be of 400 million euros in Germany alone. Furthermore, ADRs can cause the withdrawal of a drug from the market, which can cause up to millions of dollars of losses to the pharmaceutical industry.Multiple studies suggest that genetic factors may play a role in the response of the patients to their treatment. This covers not only the response in terms of the intended main effect, but also % according toin terms of potential side effects. The complexity of predicting drug response suggests that machine learning could bring new tools and techniques for understanding ADR.In this doctoral thesis, we study different problems related to drug response prediction, based on the genetic characteristics of patients.We frame them through multitask machine learning frameworks, which combine all data available for related problems in order to solve them at the same time.We propose a novel model for multitask linear prediction that uses task descriptors to select relevant features and make predictions with better performance as state-of-the-art algorithms. Finally, we study strategies for increasing the stability of the selected features, in order to improve interpretability for biological applications
Grari, Vincent. "Adversarial mitigation to reduce unwanted biases in machine learning". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUS096.
Texto completoThe past few years have seen a dramatic rise of academic and societal interest in fair machine learning. As a result, significant work has been done to include fairness constraints in the training objective of machine learning algorithms. Its primary purpose is to ensure that model predictions do not depend on any sensitive attribute as gender or race, for example. Although this notion of independence is incontestable in a general context, it can theoretically be defined in many different ways depending on how one sees fairness. As a result, many recent papers tackle this challenge by using their "own" objectives and notions of fairness. Objectives can be categorized in two different families: Individual and Group fairness. This thesis gives an overview of the methodologies applied in these different families in order to encourage good practices. Then, we identify and complete gaps by presenting new metrics and new Fair-ML algorithms that are more appropriate for specific contexts
Bouvard, Matthieu. "3 essais en finance d'entreprise". Toulouse 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOU10032.
Texto completoThe first essay shows that adverse selection on the capital market affects incentives of entrepreneurs to engage in information acquisition through education or experience. The second essay models innovation financing as a sequential investment problem. Adverse selection on the capital market distorts investment timing and creates inertia. Optimal contracts can be implemented through stock options with a vesting period and severance payments. The third essay studies ratings or certification agencies and shows that reputational concerns have an ambiguous effect. When the perceived reliability of ratings is deficient, reputation has a disciplining effect and the precision of reports improves. However, agencies with a good reputation are too lenient
Dahmane, Khouloud. "Analyse d'images par méthode de Deep Learning appliquée au contexte routier en conditions météorologiques dégradées". Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020CLFAC020.
Texto completoNowadays, vision systems are becoming more and more used in the road context. They ensure safety and facilitate mobility. These vision systems are generally affected by the degradation of weather conditions, like heavy fog or strong rain, phenomena limiting the visibility and thus reducing the quality of the images. In order to optimize the performance of the vision systems, it is necessary to have a reliable detection system for these adverse weather conditions.There are meteorological sensors dedicated to physical measurement, but they are expensive. Since cameras are already installed on the road, they can simultaneously perform two functions: image acquisition for surveillance applications and physical measurement of weather conditions instead of dedicated sensors. Following the great success of convolutional neural networks (CNN) in classification and image recognition, we used a deep learning method to study the problem of meteorological classification. The objective of our study is to first seek to develop a classifier of time, which discriminates between "normal" conditions, fog and rain. In a second step, once the class is known, we seek to develop a model for measuring meteorological visibility.The use of CNN requires the use of train and test databases. For this, two databases were used, "Cerema-AWP database" (https://ceremadlcfmds.wixsite.com/cerema-databases), and the "Cerema-AWH database", which has been acquired since 2017 on the Fageole site on the highway A75. Each image of the two bases is labeled automatically thanks to meteorological data collected on the site to characterize various levels of precipitation for rain and fog.The Cerema-AWH base, which was set up as part of our work, contains 5 sub-bases: normal day conditions, heavy fog, light fog, heavy rain and light rain. Rainfall intensities range from 0 mm/h to 70mm/h and fog weather visibilities range from 50m to 1800m. Among the known neural networks that have demonstrated their performance in the field of recognition and classification, we can cite LeNet, ResNet-152, Inception-v4 and DenseNet-121. We have applied these networks in our adverse weather classification system. We start by the study of the use of convolutional neural networks. The nature of the input data and the optimal hyper-parameters that must be used to achieve the best results. An analysis of the different components of a neural network is done by constructing an instrumental neural network architecture. The conclusions drawn from this analysis show that we must use deep neural networks. This type of network is able to classify five meteorological classes of Cerema-AWH base with a classification score of 83% and three meteorological classes with a score of 99%Then, an analysis of the input and output data was made to study the impact of scenes change, the input's data and the meteorological classes number on the classification result.Finally, a database transfer method is developed. We study the portability from one site to another of our adverse weather conditions classification system. A classification score of 63% by making a transfer between a public database and Cerema-AWH database is obtained.After the classification, the second step of our study is to measure the meteorological visibility of the fog. For this, we use a neural network that generates continuous values. Two fog variants were tested: light and heavy fog combined and heavy fog (road fog) only. The evaluation of the result is done using a correlation coefficient R² between the real values and the predicted values. We compare this coefficient with the correlation coefficient between the two sensors used to measure the weather visibility on site. Among the results obtained and more specifically for road fog, the correlation coefficient reaches a value of 0.74 which is close to the physical sensors value (0.76)
Darwaish, Asim. "Adversary-aware machine learning models for malware detection systems". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris Cité, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UNIP7283.
Texto completoThe exhilarating proliferation of smartphones and their indispensability to human life is inevitable. The exponential growth is also triggering widespread malware and stumbling the prosperous mobile ecosystem. Among all handheld devices, Android is the most targeted hive for malware authors due to its popularity, open-source availability, and intrinsic infirmity to access internal resources. Machine learning-based approaches have been successfully deployed to combat evolving and polymorphic malware campaigns. As the classifier becomes popular and widely adopted, the incentive to evade the classifier also increases. Researchers and adversaries are in a never-ending race to strengthen and evade the android malware detection system. To combat malware campaigns and counter adversarial attacks, we propose a robust image-based android malware detection system that has proven its robustness against various adversarial attacks. The proposed platform first constructs the android malware detection system by intelligently transforming the Android Application Packaging (APK) file into a lightweight RGB image and training a convolutional neural network (CNN) for malware detection and family classification. Our novel transformation method generates evident patterns for benign and malware APKs in color images, making the classification easier. The detection system yielded an excellent accuracy of 99.37% with a False Negative Rate (FNR) of 0.8% and a False Positive Rate (FPR) of 0.39% for legacy and new malware variants. In the second phase, we evaluate the robustness of our secured image-based android malware detection system. To validate its hardness and effectiveness against evasion, we have crafted three novel adversarial attack models. Our thorough evaluation reveals that state-of-the-art learning-based malware detection systems are easy to evade, with more than a 50% evasion rate. However, our proposed system builds a secure mechanism against adversarial perturbations using its intrinsic continuous space obtained after the intelligent transformation of Dex and Manifest files which makes the detection system strenuous to bypass
Rodriguez, Colmeiro Ramiro German. "Towards Reduced Dose Positron Emission Tomography Imaging Using Sparse Sampling and Machine Learning". Thesis, Troyes, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021TROY0015.
Texto completoThis thesis explores the reduction of the patient radiation dose in screening Positron Emission Tomography (PET) studies. It analyses three aspects of PET imaging, which can reduce the patient dose: the data acquisition, the image reconstruction and the attenuation map generation. The first part of the thesis is dedicated to the PET scanner technology. Two optimization techniques are developed for a novel low-cost and low-dose scanner, the AR-PET scanner. First a photomultiplier selection and placement strategy is created, improving the energy resolution. The second work focuses on the localization of gamma events on solid scintillation crystals. The method is based on neural networks and a single flood acquisition, resulting in an increased detector’s sensitivity. In the second part, the PET image reconstruction on mesh support is studied. A mesh-based reconstruction algorithm is proposed which uses a series of 2D meshes to describe the 3D radiotracer distribution. It is shown that with this reconstruction strategy the number of sample points can be reduced without loosing accuracy and enabling parallel mesh optimization. Finally the attenuation map generation using deep neural networks is explored. A neural network is trained to learn the mapping from non attenuation corrected FDG PET images to a synthetic Computerized Tomography. With these approaches, this thesis lays a base for a low-cost and low-dose PET screening system, dispensing the need of a computed tomography image in exchange of an artificial attenuation map
Seddik, Mohamed El Amine. "Random Matrix Theory for AI : From Theory to Practice". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASG010.
Texto completoAI nowadays relies largely on using large data and enhanced machine learning methods which consist in developing classification and inference algorithms leveraging large datasets of large sizes. These large dimensions induce many counter-intuitive phenomena, leading generally to a misunderstanding of the behavior of many machine learning algorithms often designed with small data dimension intuitions. By taking advantage of (rather than suffering from) the multidimensional setting, random matrix theory (RMT) is able to predict the performance of many non-linear algorithms as complex as some random neural networks as well as many kernel methods such as Support Vector Machines, semi-supervised classification, principal component analysis or spectral clustering. To characterize the performance of these algorithms theoretically, the underlying data model is often a Gaussian mixture model (GMM) which seems to be a strong assumption given the complex structure of real data (e.g., images). Furthermore, the performance of machine learning algorithms depends on the choice of data representation (or features) on which they are applied. Once again, considering data representations as Gaussian vectors seems to be quite a restrictive assumption. Relying on random matrix theory, this thesis aims at going beyond the simple GMM hypothesis, by studying classical machine learning tools under the hypothesis of Lipschitz-ally transformed Gaussian vectors also called concentrated random vectors, and which are more generic than Gaussian vectors. This hypothesis is particularly motivated by the observation that one can use generative models (e.g., GANs) to design complex and realistic data structures such as images, through Lipschitz-ally transformed Gaussian vectors. This notably suggests that making the aforementioned concentration assumption on data is a suitable model for real data and which is just as mathematically accessible as GMM models. Moreover, in terms of data representation, the concentration framework is compatible with one of the most widely used data representations in practice, namely deep neural nets (DNNs) representations, since they consist in a Lipschitz transformation of the input data (e.g., images). Therefore, we demonstrate through this thesis, leveraging on GANs, the interest of considering the framework of concentrated vectors as a model for real data. In particular, we study the behavior of random Gram matrices which appear at the core of various linear models, kernel matrices which appear in kernel methods and also classification methods which rely on an implicit solution (e.g., Softmax layer in neural networks), with concentrated random inputs. Indeed, these methods are at the heart of many classification, regression and clustering machine learning algorithms. In particular, understanding the behavior of these matrices/methods, for concentrated data, allows us to characterize the performances (on real data if we assimilate them to concentrated vectors) of many machine learning algorithms, such as spectral clustering, SVMs, principal component analysis and transfer learning. Analyzing these methods for concentrated data yields to the surprising result that they have asymptotically the same behavior as for GMM data (with the same first and second order statistics). This result strongly suggest the universality aspect of large machine learning classifiers w.r.t. the underlying data distribution
Libros sobre el tema "Apprentissage adverse"
G, Sawyer Michael, ed. Medications for school-age children: Effects on learning and behavior. New York: Guilford Press, 1998.
Buscar texto completo