Tesis sobre el tema "Antiquités – Liban"
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Périssé-Valéro, Ingrid. "Les sanctuaires du territoire libanais (Monts Liban, Anti-Liban et Hermon) à l'époque romaine". Bordeaux 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR30031.
Texto completoThe abundance and the variety of sanctuaries on the Lebanese territory (coastal plain, Mount Lebanon, Beqaa valley, Mounts Anti-Liban and Hermon) in the imperial Roman time constitutes an importante question implying a specific knowledge of the places and the sources available, in order to have a general view of the phenomenon. By taking the archaeological documentation as working base, we established at first an inventory with all the information about the 102 sanctuaries. Then, we tried to determine the historic conditions of this religious establishment and to underline the visible reproduction of sanctuaries during the Roman Time as well as their tremendous influence in rural areas. The distribution of the buildings and their architectural characteristics were studied to recognize relationships, disparities and influences and to propose hypotheses of dating by crossing the data. The variety is important, every sanctuary had its own monumental character which resulted from several factors (geographic, historic and human). Our study is divided in five chapters : the first one presents the geographic distribution of sanctuaries and replaces so monuments in a more general frame. We speak about the report of sanctuaries with the surrounding communities and the notion of "hight place". The second chapter is the architectural analysis of the 102 listed sanctuaries (temenos, temples, altars, enclosures, towers, …) whereas the third chapter is an outline of the cults in Lebanon in the imperial time. In chapter 4, the fundamental question of the chronology of these sanctuaries is treated and the chapter 6, by way of lock, approachs the future of these places of cult at the end of the Antiquity
Hocek, Anne-Rose. "Territoires et religions en contacts : la colonie romaine de Berytus, de sa fondation au IIIe siècle de notre ère". Paris, EPHE, 2012. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01552363.
Texto completoThe Roman colony Berytus, founded by Augustus under the name Colonia Augusta Felix Berytus, took over from a city of the Phoenician coast. This colonial founding, however, was also accompanied by an in-deph modification of the civic territory, which from then on crossed Mount Lebanon. A consequence of this extension was the integration of the heliopolis sanctuary into the public religion of the new colony. Added to the traditional cohabitation between the indigenous population and the colons, in a colony in which Roman veterans were also settled, was the unprecedented coming into contact of the Greco-Phoenician wolrd and the Beqaa valley. My topic bears on these mixed contacts, both human and territorial, by privileging the religious lens. The religions that came into contact here stemmed from different traditions, including those of the colons from Rome and Italy, whose descendents were always more or less 'connected' to the metropole, that of the Hellenized coastal populations who inherited cultural traits specific to phoenician space, and that of the populations of the interior who were at the crossraods of influences. I privilege three places of contact. First, the administrative center, in which the colonial authorities elaborated a new civic ideology; then, the extra-urban sanctuary of Deir el-Qaala, which was the place of a new cohabitation; and lastly, the religious landscape of Beqaa, which revolved around the great sanctuary of Heliopolis. In particular, the aim is to analyze the Heliopolitan cult in its colonial context, both juridical and territorial, and to revisit the question of the 'Heliopolitan triad' as viewed from Berytus
Abou-Abdallah, Marc. "L'histoire du royaume de Byblos à l'âge de Fer (1080-33 av J. C. )". Paris, EPHE, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EPHE4037.
Texto completoIn the early eleventh century B. C. , Byblos enjoyed a period of independence, until the middle ninth century. This is confirmed by several sources like the Egyptian story of Wenamun, an Assyrian text of Tiglath-pileser Iand the royal Byblian inscriptions. During this period, Byblosordered diplomatic relations with Egypt. This period ended when the Assyrian kings arrived in the Levant about the middle of the ninth century B. C. Byblos, like the other Phoenician cities, lost its independence, and its relation with Egypt fade and was obliged to pay tribute in order to retain its local autonomy. In 610 B. C. , the Assyrian power came to an end, but in the other side the Babylonian empire rose. However this one did last less then one century. Unfortunately, we do not know what has happened exactly in Byblos during this period, but the stelae of Nahr al-Kalb and WadiBrissa inform us that the city was completely under the Babylonian power. In 539 B. C. , the Persian took the power and established a vast empire, from Egypt to India. During this period, Byblos benefited from the political and economic situation and knew an economic prosperity. This is well attested in the luxury restoration of the temple of Baalat and the right to mint coins. In addition, Byblos established relations with the Cypriot city of Lapethos. But the Persian power fell in the Levant when Alexander the Great conquers the Middle East in 333 B. C. The new presentation of the sources found herein in will hopefully clarify several points in the history of Byblos during the first millennium B. C
El, Achi El Saadi Rola. "Les rues à colonnades romano-byzantines du Liban : étude d'archéologie, d'architecture et de conservation au travers des exemples de Byblos, Beyrouth et Tyr". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 1, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023PA01H050.
Texto completoWith the integration of Byblos, Beirut and Tyre into the Roman Empire, around 64 BC, these cities underwent an exceptional architectural revival, which lasted for several centuries. During this period, and according to the 20th and 21st centuries excavations that were undertaken on these sites, it seems that the urban fabric in each city was reorganized and endowed with new monuments that met as much as possible the new requirements of standardization and architectural idealization. Among the surviving ruins that tell us about the grandeur of the Roman-Byzantine urban landscape of Byblos, Beirut and Tyre stand their colonnaded streets. The construction of these main arteries, which linked the different sectors in each city, began towards the end of the 1st century. It reached its peak in the 2nd century and then underwent an exceptional development at the end of Antiquity, before disappearing completely during the medieval periods and falling into oblivion. This thesis will therefore be an opportunity to examine the historical, aesthetic and functional evolution of this type of monument. It will enable us to interpret the archaeological data collected on site by adopting a systematic cross-referencing of the various attributes identified, which will help us to grasp the similarities that characterize the colonnaded streets of Lebanon, as well as the differences that distinguish them
Salem, Ghada. "Les enjeux du patrimoine au Liban : Baalbek : quelles échelles pour quels patrimoines ?" Thesis, Lyon 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO20096/document.
Texto completoA country influenced by both the Western and Arab world, Lebanon is a heuristic laboratory to analyze heritage questions. Its confessional political system, community social structures and strategic location in the Middle East contribute to make it an important geopolitical stake. The Lebanese nation-building process appropriated the Orientalist gaze to force a national identity based on several founding myths. It sought to gather the Lebanese around national common values, and so weaken the community identities by promoting the image of a socio-cultural mosaic. The civil war refreshed these identities, and the communities seized their specific religious particularisms, which the regional powers in the Middle East manipulated for their power game. Lebanon witnessed two periods of identity-building: national and community, each of them inventing a particular heritage object. In Baalbek, a city that was familiar to the West thanks to travellers, nation-building process appointed the archaeological site as a national heritage. However, the site is characterized by sedimentation of several cultural layers, each participating in different scales of heritage interpretation: while the Western gaze sees Roman temples, the local gaze sees an Arab Qalaa (citadel). In addition to the Roman and Arab identity of the site, the Lebanese state stressed its Phoenician dimension favourable to its national discourse which affirms that the Lebanese are the descendants of Phoenicians. With the rise of Shiite community power in the city, a new heritage object attracts the local level: the mausoleum of Sit Khawla responds to the aspirations of local population, by its referential identity and its economic dynamics which it has induced in the city, now recomposed on a community basis. As a result, two heritage centres coexist in Baalbek’s space. This bipolarity underlines heritage issues, the actors’ logics and the different significance of the conception of heritage, which this thesis attempts to analyze
Kahwagi-Janho, Hany. "Étude archéologique et architecturale de la zone de l’hippodrome de Tyr". Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040054.
Texto completoThis thesis has for object the survey of the sector of the Roman hippodrome of the archaeological site of el-Bass in Tyre (South Lebanon). Six monuments and archaeological structures are concerned: the ancient road, the monumental arch, the aqueduct, the hippodrome and the two faction baths that are associated to it. A detailed description of the site and its archaeological, geographical and historic setting will be followed by a deepened survey of each of the monuments. This survey will cover their various archaeological, architectural, typological aspects as well as the various overhauls that they underwent. The whole will be accompanied by several comparative approaches with similar contemporary monuments. This survey will be completed by an urban analysis of the site, which will be about the disposition of the monuments as well as by a chronological survey that will present the various phases of its evolution, its development and its abandonment
Yasmine, Jean. "Complexes culturels ruraux d'époque romaine dans la Beqaa (Liban) : le cas de Hosn-Niha : problèmes d'architecture et d'archéologie". Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010505.
Texto completoAliquot, Julien. "La vie religieuse du Liban à l'époque romaine". Tours, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOUR2001.
Texto completoBetween the conquest of the Near East by Rome in the 1st century BC and the christianization of the 4th century AD, a new group of pagan sanctuaries covered Lebanon. Together with the cities and the villages of the area, the sacred places formed a network which resulted from the initiatives of the local communities and from their collaboration with the agents of the imperial power. At the origin of the cults worshipped here, there was a variety of Oriental, Greek and Roman traditions, which survival, selection and development depended on their conformity with the religious practices of the Roman world. The study is conceived as a contribution to the research on the hellenization and the romanization of the Near East. It is completed by the Atlas des lieux saints, and by the collection of the Inscriptions grecques et latines du Mont Hermon, devoted to the epigraphic file of a district where the religious texts are especially abundant
Seif, Assaad. "Les dynamiques spatiales et la céramique du couloir syro-palestinien du Néolithique à l'Âge du Bronze Moyen : la cas du 'Akkār". Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010516.
Texto completoMakaroun-Bou, Assaf Yasmine. "Techniques constructives et organisation architecturale à Byblos au Bronze ancien (Liban)". Paris, EPHE, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EPHE4047.
Texto completoCharaf-Mullins, Hanan. "La céramique de l'âge du bronze récent au Levant nord : (Tell Arqa et le Akkar méridional)". Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010628.
Texto completoAbou, Diwan Georges. "Sidon de l'inauguration du monnayage municipal à la colonie sévérienne : approche historique et monétaire (169/8 av. J.-C. - 235 ap. J.-C". Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010521.
Texto completoApicella, Catherine. "Sidon aux époques héllenistique et romaine : essai d'histoire urbaine". Histoire ancienne, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOUR2017.
Texto completoKhreich, Maroun. "Recherches sur l'histoire de Tyr entre le XIIe et le VIe siècle avant notre ère". Paris, EPHE, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EPHE5004.
Texto completoTyre is considered with its territory as a kingdom, since the beginning of the first millennium that evidence associates with the kingdom of Sidon. In the present work, we propose a new approach, reconsidering Tyre and its territory as a part of the kingdom of Sidon till the seventh century when the Assyrian campaigns reduce the kingdom of Sidon to the small island of Tyre spurred by the Sidonian monarchy
Wissam, Khalil. "Prospection dans le Liban méridional : étude du développement de la zone montagneuse de l'époque hellénistique à la fin de l'époque médiévale, 323 av. J.C.-1516 ap. J.C". Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010574.
Texto completoElias, Nada. "Pratiques funéraires et identités biologiques à Berytus et à Botrys à l'époque romaine (Liban, Ier siècle av. J.-C. - IVème siècle apr. J.-C.)". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0070/document.
Texto completoDuring the first century B.C., with the rise of the Roman Empire, the Levant became the scene of cosmopolitanism where many heteroclite cultures would coexist. The new cosmopolitan society had Rome as its capital (Caput Mundi), and roads drawn up by the army linking the rest of the empire to its capital. Recent rescue excavations (since 2005) in Berytus (Beirut) and Botrys (Batroun) have revealed a considerable amount of unpublished data on populations who lived in the region during the four centuries of the Roman Empire until the early centuries of Christianity. Following an archaeo-anthropological approach, this thesis presents an assessment of eight funerary sites (n= 290) from the cities of Colonia Julia Augusta Felix Berytus and Botrys. Significantly, Botrys, unlike Berytus, did not have the status of a Roman colony. This research seeks to contribute to the history of these two cities. The purpose is to understand the populations of the past through the study of the skeletons, rituals and funerary practices as well as the organisation of funerary spaces. This study primarily reveals a cultural and biological cosmopolitanism illustrated by variability in funerary practices and in biological characteristics. These results suggest that at least two different groups or more coexisted in the Colonia Julia Augusta Felix Berytus. On the contrary, the biocultural data of Botrys skeletons reveal a less cosmopolitan city with less diversity shown on different anthropological and cultural levels. Indeed, the similarity of funerary practices, body treatments, grave goods and the organisation of the funerary space and biological homogeneity are indisputable in Botrys. Comparative analysis between Berytus and Botrys highlighted an existing biological heterogeneity at different scales between individuals of both cities. However, this diversity is contradicted by the homogeneity of the females of both cities during the 2th and the 4th century A. D
أصبح المشرق خلال القرن الاول قبل الميلاد، مع صعود الامبراطورية الرومانية، مسرحاً عالمياً تتفاعل فيه ثقافات مختلفة. ثقافات لطالما ميزت المشرق بسبب الغزوات واختلاط الشعوب منذ العصر الحجري الحديث. النظام العالمي الجديد جعل روما "عاصمة العالم" أو كما يقال باللاتينية Caput Mundi وبذلك رسم الجيش الروماني الطرق الى مختلف أصقاع الامبراطورية لتؤدي الى روما. كشفت الحفريات الوقائية و الإنقاذية الأخيرة في بيروت والبترون عن معطيات جديدة تخص الشعوب التي عاشت في المنطقة خلال القرون الأربعة من الإمبراطورية الرومانية وحتى بدايات المسيحية. تقدم رسالة الدكتوراه هذه دراسة عن الإنسان وعلاقاته مع الموت. وباتباع منهج أثري-أنثروبولوجي ستقدم تقييماً لثمان مواقع مدفنية في كولونيا جوليا أوغوستا فيليكس بيريتوس Colonia Julia Augusta Felix Berytus ومدينة البترون (ع=٢٩٠ ) والتي على عكس بيريتوس )بيروت) لم تحمل صفة مستوطنة رومانية .تقدم هذه الدراسة في المقام الأول الاطار الثقافي والبيولوجي والمشروحين بتعدد الطقوس المدفنية والاختلاف البيولوجي لمجموعتين او اكثر من المجموعات التي تعيش في كولونيا جوليا أوغوستا فيليكس بيريتوس. في المقابل المعطيات البيولوجية الثقافية في البترون تدل على أنها مدينة أقل تنوعاً ولا تحوي تنوعات انثروبولوجية وثقافية كبيرة. لذلك فإن التطابق في طرق الدفن وتحضير الموتى وأمكنة الدفن والتجانس البيولوجي هي مسائل لاجدال فيها بالنسبة للبترون. وبالمقارنة مابين بيروت والبترون من الواضح عدم التجانس البيولوجي الموجود على أكثر من صعيد فيما بين سكان المدينتين.ولكن هذا التباين مابين المدينتين مخترق من قبل تشابه الإناث في كلا المدينتين من القرن الثاني الى القرن الرابع ميلادي
Panayot-Haroun, Nadine. "La présence hellénistique sur la côte syro-phénicienne : de Ras Ibn Hani à Beyrouth". Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010524.
Texto completoBravin, Alessandra. "L'art rupestre de la phase des cavaliers au Maroc : les sites de Foum Chenna (Vallée du Draa) et du Jebel Rat (Haut Atlas) : Analyse iconographique, thématique et proposition de chronologie". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3119.
Texto completoThe first part presents the general characters of the phase known as "Libyco-Berber". After a thorough examination of the literature, the very notion of "Libyco-Berber" is analysed and recognized as being inadequate to define the phase and it is proposed a new denomination i.e. the "phase of the horsemen."Its specific characters are analysed from the point of view of the introduction of the horse in North Africa, in terms of iconography and style, all set in the historical context of Morocco's I millennium BC.The second part relates to the plateau of Tizi 'n Tirghiyst, examined on the basis of publications and through an accurate prospecting work. From this approach emerges the complexity and heterogeneity of the rock art of this area that includes not only the phase of the horsemen but also earlier phases. The methodology includes the analysis of the iconographic typical elements: the horse and harness, his weapons and the themes.The third part is devoted to the study of Foum Chenna, in the Draa Valley. It is immediately detected the homogeneity of the site although an older phase is present. The methodology for the analysis is the detailed study of individual elements that led to the identification of new themes and the discovery of new inscriptions in Lybic letters.The fourth part is devoted to the comparison between the two sites, to highlight similarities and differences, to identify elements for a chronology.The three annexes are respectively the corpus of engravings of the horsemen phase of the Rat, of Foum Chenna and the totality of the Libyan inscriptions of this site