Artículos de revistas: "Antigen-antibody reactions"

1

Armstrong, B. "Antigen–antibody reactions". ISBT Science Series 3, n.º 2 (junio de 2008): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-2824.2008.00185.x.

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Armstrong, Beryl. "Antigen‐antibody reactions". ISBT Science Series 15, S1 (diciembre de 2020): 68–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/voxs.12590.

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3

Harada, Masataka, Masahiko Sisido, Junzo Hirose y Mamoru Nakanishi. "Photoreversible antigen-antibody reactions". FEBS Letters 286, n.º 1-2 (29 de julio de 1991): 6–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0014-5793(91)80928-v.

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4

Jasin, Hugo E. "Intra-Articular Antigen-Antibody Reactions". Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America 13, n.º 2 (agosto de 1987): 179–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0889-857x(21)00841-3.

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5

Ouchterlony, Orjan. "Antigen - Antibody Reactions In Gels". Acta Pathologica Microbiologica Scandinavica 26, n.º 4 (18 de agosto de 2009): 507–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1699-0463.1949.tb00751.x.

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Ouchterlony, Örjan. "ANTIGEN-ANTIBODY REACTIONS IN GELS". Acta Pathologica Microbiologica Scandinavica 32, n.º 2 (18 de agosto de 2009): 231–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1699-0463.1953.tb00247.x.

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7

Littt, Mortimer. "EOSINOPHILS AND ANTIGEN-ANTIBODY REACTIONS*". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 116, n.º 3 (16 de diciembre de 2006): 964–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1964.tb52562.x.

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8

OEDING, PER. "STAPHYLOCOCCAL ANTIGEN-ANTIBODY REACTIONS IN AGAR". Acta Pathologica Microbiologica Scandinavica 47, n.º 1 (17 de agosto de 2009): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1699-0463.1959.tb03421.x.

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9

Chamritski, Irina, Mark Clarkson, Jeff Franklin y Shi Wei Li. "Real-Time Detection of Antigen–Antibody Reactions by Imaging Ellipsometry". Australian Journal of Chemistry 60, n.º 9 (2007): 667. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch07115.

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In the field of proteomics the quantification of the affinity of an antibody to its partners and the evaluation of its specific binding is an important issue. With an imaging ellipsometer the interaction of an antibody with immobilized antigens on a model microarray is observed in a time-resolved and label-free manner. Imaging ellipsometry was developed for real-time monitoring of the biomolecule interaction between an antigen in solution and an antibody immobilized on a silicon surface. Proteins were immobilized by the formation of carboxy-alkyl monolayers on silicon substrates, where a biotin-labelled antibody was immobilized by a biotin–streptavidin linkage. Anti-human IgG bound specifically to human antibody and protein A, similarly anti-goat IgG bound to goat antibody. No binding was observed between anti-rabbit IgG and goat antibody. All stages of the formation of the antigen–antibody complex were imaged by imaging ellipsometry. By monitoring changes in y, the mole fraction θ of the antigen–antibody binding was determined. Immunological reactions of two different antigen–antibody combinations were fitted by the Langmuir adsorption equation, and affinity constants for two reactions were calculated.

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10

Pfeil, Tamás y Blanka Herbály. "A linear model for polyclonal antibody–antigen reactions". Mathematics and Computers in Simulation 198 (agosto de 2022): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matcom.2022.02.004.

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Bongini, Lorenzo, Duccio Fanelli, Francesco Piazza, Paolo De Los Rios, Michel Sanner y Ulf Skoglund. "A dynamical study of antibody–antigen encounter reactions". Physical Biology 4, n.º 3 (2 de octubre de 2007): 172–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1478-3975/4/3/004.

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12

Rabbany, Sina Y., Ronald Piervincenzi, Linda Judd, Anne W. Kusterbeck, Reinhard Bredehorst, Kristen Hakansson y Frances S. Ligler. "Assessment Of Heterogeneity in Antibody−Antigen Displacement Reactions". Analytical Chemistry 69, n.º 2 (enero de 1997): 175–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac960680h.

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13

Cowan, Richard y P. Anne Underwood. "Steric effects in antibody reactions with polyvalent antigen". Journal of Theoretical Biology 132, n.º 3 (junio de 1988): 319–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5193(88)80218-2.

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Roux, C., J. Livage, K. Farhati y L. Monjour. "Antibody-antigen reactions in porous sol-gel matrices". Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology 8, n.º 1-3 (febrero de 1997): 663–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02436919.

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15

Wajer, S. D. y H. K. Charles. "A SEM analysis of thin indium films for immunoassay applications". Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 45 (agosto de 1987): 938–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100128973.

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Indium metal films have been used as host substrate materials for biological immunoassays. Indium film immunoassays involve the optical detection of specific antibody-antigen reactions using either transmitted or reflected white light. In the immunoassay process, drops of a purified antibody solution are placed on 5 to 25 nm thick indium films supported on a glass substrate (i.e., indium slide). After incubation, the antibody solution is washed off, leaving visible spots of reactive antibody. The slide is then coated with an unrelated protein which covers any non-antibody areas thus making the whole slide appear optically uniform. Placing the indium slide in an appropriate antigen solution will cause a visible response, since the antibody-antigen reaction complex will contain two layers of protein and will be darker than the surrounding background. In addition to the biological reaction sensitivities, the indium film immunoassay response is critically dependent on the bulk and surface properties of the indium film.

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16

Han, Shuang, Guanyu Wang, Naijin Xu y Hui Liu. "Quantitative Assessment of the Effects of Oxidants on Antigen-Antibody BindingIn Vitro". Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1480463.

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Objective.We quantitatively assessed the influence of oxidants on antigen-antibody-binding activity.Methods.We used several immunological detection methods, including precipitation reactions, agglutination reactions, and enzyme immunoassays, to determine antibody activity. The oxidation-reduction potential was measured in order to determine total serum antioxidant capacity.Results.Certain concentrations of oxidants resulted in significant inhibition of antibody activity but had little influence on total serum antioxidant capacity.Conclusions.Oxidants had a significant influence on interactions between antigen and antibody, but minimal effect on the peptide of the antibody molecule.

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17

Delaage, M., P. Prince, H. Brailly, J. M. Doussal, A. Morel y J. Barbet. "Antigen-antibody reactions on surfaces. Orientation and environmental effects". Immuno-analyse & Biologie Spécialisée 5, n.º 6 (diciembre de 1990): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0923-2532(05)80303-5.

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18

Stenberg, Manne y Håkan Nygren. "Kinetics of antigen-antibody reactions at solid-liquid interfaces". Journal of Immunological Methods 113, n.º 1 (octubre de 1988): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-1759(88)90376-6.

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19

Weetall, Howard H. y A. K. Gaigalas. "Studies on Antigen-Antibody Reactions Using Light Scattering from Antigen Coated Colloidal Particles". Analytical Letters 25, n.º 6 (junio de 1992): 1039–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00032719208020057.

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20

Nemeth, Peter. "Do Water Molecules Displaced by Hydrophobic Interactions Stabilize Antigen-Antibody Binding?" Southeastern European medical journal 6, n.º 2 (28 de noviembre de 2022): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.26332/seemedj.v6i2.257.

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Background: Antigen-antibody reactions are a special field of molecular interactions. The physicochemical nature of antigen-antibody binding and ligand-induced changes in the fine molecular structures of antigens during immunocomplex formation are less studied. However, these changes in the molecular appearance are extremely important for further molecular recognition. The major aim of this study is to clarify the physico-chemical modification of the antigen/hapten during immunobinding using model experiments. Methods: An appropriate model system was designed for our investigations: fluorescein-isothiocyanate (FITC, isomer I) was used as the antigen (hapten), and its interactions with a specific antibody (monoclonal anti-FITC IgG1) were analyzed using spectrophotometry, different spectrofluorimetric methods and fluorescence polarization, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopic methods. Results: Fluorescent polarization and infrared spectroscopic measurements detected a local decrease in the hydration degree in the submolecular area of the specific ligand between the small antigen (hapten) molecule and the hypervariable region of the specific IgG1, causing “rigidization” of molecular movements. Changes in hydration modified the molecular microenvironment, allowing them to influence further functions of both immunoglobulins and the antigen. Conclusion: Hydrophobic interactions with exclusion of water molecules around the binding sites seem to be thermodynamically strong enough for stable molecular binding without a covalent chemical interaction between the antigen and the antibody. The results of this study, together with data obtained in previous research, help understand the molecular dynamics of the antigen-antibody reaction better.

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21

NAKAMURA, Kenji, Shinji SATOMURA, Takumi TANAKA y Shuji MATSUURA. "Analysis of Antigen-Antibody Reactions by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography." Analytical Sciences 8, n.º 2 (1992): 157–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2116/analsci.8.157.

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22

Sargent, A. y O. A. Sadik. "Pulsed electrochemical technique for monitoring antibody–antigen reactions at interfaces". Analytica Chimica Acta 376, n.º 1 (diciembre de 1998): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-2670(98)00450-4.

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23

Kholidin, Edy Barkat, Dafzel Day, Taukhid, Ena Sutisna y Angela Mariana Lusiastuti. "Development of a polyclonal antibody Edwardsiella ictaluri serum for diagnosis of Enteric Septicemia of Catfish (ESC) in Patin Catfish (Pangasianodon hypopthalmus)". E3S Web of Conferences 442 (2023): 02012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202344202012.

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Enteric Septicemia of Catfish (ESC), caused by Edwarsiella ictaluri, has been considered a major bacterial disease in catfish, including Patin (Pangasionodon hypophthalmus), causing economic losses. Monitoring activities and identification of bacterial disease are performed using a series of biochemical tests, including Gram stain, Ryu, motility, and glucose; the test is at a certain temperature, requires specific conditions and facilities, and takes a long time. We developed a method based on antigen-antibody reactions to diagnose the disease, which provides more specific/accurate results in a shorter time to be used as a more flexible and rapid "diagnosis tool" as an anticipatory step in disease control. The development of antibody-serum is based on the specific character (specificity) of bacteria for antigen and performed according to standard methods using rabbits as test animals. The process starts with a mass culture of E. ictaluri, antigen in-activation, priming and booster injection, bleeding, and deriving polyclonal antibody serum. This diagnostic tool is expected to identify the target bacteria within 24 h, indicated by agglutination in the antigen-antibody reaction called the serum antibodies method. In this research, we produced serum, and ready to use, a 0.05-0.1 mL of serum-containing antibody is reacted with the bacterial isolate suspension.

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24

Hong, Lisa P. T., Judith A. Scoble, Larissa Doughty, Gregory Coia y Charlotte C. Williams. "Cancer-targeting Antibody–Drug Conjugates: Site-specific Conjugation of Doxorubicin to Anti-EGFR 528 Fab' through a Polyethylene Glycol Linker". Australian Journal of Chemistry 64, n.º 6 (2011): 779. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch11071.

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Antibody–drug conjugates have been prepared to examine the effect that attaching small-molecule drugs to an antibody fragment has on antibody activity. The anticancer drug doxorubicin was covalently attached through a polyethylene glycol linker to a cancer-targeting, anti-epidermal growth factor receptor antibody fragment (Fab′). The reactivity of maleimide was compared with a substituted maleimide derivative (citraconimide) in conjugation reactions with cysteine residues on a Fab′. Introduction of polyethylene glycol increased aqueous solubility of the cytotoxic drug, which led to an improvement in overall yield of the conjugation reaction with the antibody fragment. Antibody–drug conjugates prepared retained activity of the parent antibody, as determined by antigen binding experiments measured by surface plasmon resonance.

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25

Kang, Dong Hee, Na Kyong Kim, Sang-Woo Park y Hyun Wook Kang. "VEGF Detection via Simplified FLISA Using a 3D Microfluidic Disk Platform". Biosensors 11, n.º 8 (11 de agosto de 2021): 270. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios11080270.

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Fluorescence-linked immunosorbent assay (FLISA) is a commonly used, quantitative technique for detecting biochemical changes based on antigen–antibody binding reactions using a well-plate platform. As the manufacturing technology of microfluidic system evolves, FLISA can be implemented onto microfluidic disk platforms which allows the detection of trace biochemical reactions with high resolutions. Herein, we propose a novel microfluidic system comprising a disk with a three-dimensional incubation chamber, which can reduce the amount of the reagents to 1/10 and the required time for the entire process to less than an hour. The incubation process achieves an antigen–antibody binding reaction as well as the binding of fluorogenic substrates to target proteins. The FLISA protocol in the 3D incubation chamber necessitates performing the antibody-conjugated microbeads’ movement during each step in order to ensure sufficient binding reactions. Vascular endothelial growth factor as concentration with ng mL−1 is detected sequentially using a benchtop process employing this 3D microfluidic disk. The 3D microfluidic disk works without requiring manual intervention or additional procedures for liquid control. During the incubation process, microbead movement is controlled by centrifugal force from the rotating disk and the sedimentation by gravitational force at the tilted floor of the chamber.

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Mallon, Francine M., M. Elizabeth Graichen, Bruce R. Conway, Margaret S. Landi y Howard C. Hughes. "Comparison of antibody response by use of synthetic adjuvant system and Freund complete adjuvant in rabbits". American Journal of Veterinary Research 52, n.º 9 (1 de septiembre de 1991): 1503–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1991.52.09.1503.

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Summary Two commercially available synthetic adjuvant systems, trehalose dimycolate (tdm) and tdm + monophosphoryl lipid A (mpl), were compared with Freund complete adjuvant (fca) for the ability to stimulate antibody production in New Zealand White rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). In addition, each animal was evaluated for adverse reactions. The antigen, rat liver microsomal epoxide hydrolase, was administered sc emulsified with fca, tdm, or tdm + mpl. Serum antibody titers were stimulated with all 3 adjuvant-antigen combinations. The highest titer was produced by use of fca; tdm + mpl produced an intermediate response, and tdm produced the lowest titer. All of the rabbits immunized with fca developed sterile subcutaneous abscesses. Rabbits immunized with tdm or tdm + mpl developed no abscesses, and only slight reactions at the injection sites. The synthetic adjuvant system tdm + mpl is recommended for use in rabbits, considering its adequate stimulation of antibody production with minimal adverse reactions.

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27

Konishi, Eiji, Yoko Kitai y Takashi Kondo. "Utilization of Complement-Dependent Cytotoxicity To Measure Low Levels of Antibodies: Application to Nonstructural Protein 1 in a Model of Japanese Encephalitis Virus". Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 15, n.º 1 (21 de noviembre de 2007): 88–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00347-07.

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ABSTRACT Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and related assays are representative of methods currently used for antibody tests. However, they occasionally produce nonspecific reactions, thus making it difficult to reliably measure low levels of specific antibodies. To find a test method that minimizes nonspecific reactions, we introduced the principle of antibody-mediated complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) into an antibody assay. The procedure has three steps: (i) the mixing of test samples with a suspension of cells expressing the antigen of interest on their surfaces, (ii) the addition of rabbit complement, and (iii) the measurement of lactose dehydrogenase (LDH) activities by adding a chromogenic substrate to the reaction mixture. When the specific antibodies exist in the sample, complement activation triggered by antibody binding on the surface of the antigen-expressing cells may lyse the cells, releasing LDH into the medium. Mouse and rabbit sera hyperimmune to nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) lysed NS1-expressing cells in a dose-dependent manner. Evaluations using sera from horses naturally infected with JEV showed that the CDC assay had quantitative correlation and qualitative agreement with previously established NS1 antibody-detecting immunostaining and ELISA methods. The assay method also detected NS1 antibodies in sera of mice 2 days after experimental infection with JEV; specific, but not natural, immunoglobulin M antibodies were detected. Since almost all sera examined in this study showed no nonspecific reactions, the CDC assay was shown to be a reliable method for measuring low levels of specific antibodies.

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28

Weg, V. B., T. J. Williams, R. R. Lobb y S. Nourshargh. "A monoclonal antibody recognizing very late activation antigen-4 inhibits eosinophil accumulation in vivo." Journal of Experimental Medicine 177, n.º 2 (1 de febrero de 1993): 561–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.177.2.561.

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Using an in vivo test system, the role of the beta 1 integrin very late activation antigen-4 (VLA-4) in eosinophil accumulation in allergic and nonallergic inflammatory reactions was investigated. Eosinophil infiltration and edema formation were measured as the local accumulation of intravenously injected 111In-labeled eosinophils and 125I-human serum albumin. The inflammatory reactions investigated were a passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) reaction and responses elicited by intradermal soluble inflammatory mediators (platelet-activating factor, leukotriene B4, C5a des Arg), arachidonic acid, and zymosan particles. The in vitro pretreatment of 111In-eosinophils with the anti-VLA-4 monoclonal antibody (mAb) HP1/2, which crossreacts with guinea pig eosinophils, suppressed eosinophil accumulation in all the inflammatory reactions investigated. Eosinophil accumulation was inhibited to the same extent when mAb HP1/2 was administered intravenously. It is interesting that HP1/2 had no effect on stimulated edema formation. These results suggest a role for VLA-4 in eosinophil accumulation in vivo and indicate a dissociation between the inflammatory events of eosinophil accumulation and edema formation.

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29

He, Lan, Wangpeng Gu, Meng Wang, Xiaoyan Chang, Xiaoyu Sun, Yuan Zhang, Xuan Lin et al. "Extracellular matrix protein 1 promotes follicular helper T cell differentiation and antibody production". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, n.º 34 (7 de agosto de 2018): 8621–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1801196115.

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T-follicular helper (TFH) cells are a subset of CD4+ helper T cells that help germinal center (GC) B-cell differentiation and high-affinity antibody production during germinal center reactions. Whether important extracellular molecules control TFH differentiation is not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate that a secreted protein extracellular matrix protein 1 (ECM1) is critical for TFH differentiation and antibody response. A lack of ECM1 inhibited TFH cell development and impaired GC B-cell reactions and antigen-specific antibody production in an antigen-immunized mouse model. ECM1 was induced by IL-6 and IL-21 in TFH cells, promoting TFH differentiation by down-regulating the level of STAT5 phosphorylation and up-regulating Bcl6 expression. Furthermore, injection of recombinant ECM1 protein into mice infected with PR8 influenza virus promoted protective immune responses effectively, by enhancing TFH differentiation and neutralizing antibody production. Collectively, our data identify ECM1 as a soluble protein to promote TFH cell differentiation and antibody production.

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30

Wang, Meijia, Lianying Wang, Gang Wang, Xiaohui Ji, Yubai Bai, Tiejin Li, Shaoyun Gong y Jinghong Li. "Application of impedance spectroscopy for monitoring colloid Au-enhanced antibody immobilization and antibody–antigen reactions". Biosensors and Bioelectronics 19, n.º 6 (enero de 2004): 575–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0956-5663(03)00252-5.

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31

ARITA, Naofumi, Yusaku SUENAGA y Masao IWAMORI. "Syntheses and Antibody-Antigen Reactions of Polystyrene Particles Containing Dinitrophenyl Groups". KOBUNSHI RONBUNSHU 68, n.º 11 (2011): 759–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1295/koron.68.759.

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32

Yuasa, Hiroo, Toshimitsu Uede, Takuro Wada, Akira Yamaguchi, Toshiya Murakami, Hisao Osawa, Tibor Diamantstein y Kokichi Kikuchi. "Regulation ofin vivoImmunological Reactions by Monoclonal Antibody against Lymphocyte Activation Antigen". Microbiology and Immunology 32, n.º 4 (abril de 1988): 397–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1348-0421.1988.tb01399.x.

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33

Jackola, Duaine R., Chavon Blackburn, Mara Sveum y Andreas Rosenberg. "Entropy-favored human antibody binding reactions with a non-infectious antigen". Molecular Immunology 45, n.º 5 (marzo de 2008): 1494–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molimm.2007.08.023.

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Sadik, O. A., H. Xu, E. Gheorghiu, D. Andreescu, C. Balut, M. Gheorghiu y D. Bratu. "Differential Impedance Spectroscopy for Monitoring Protein Immobilization and Antibody−Antigen Reactions". Analytical Chemistry 74, n.º 13 (julio de 2002): 3142–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac0156722.

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35

Braden, Bradford C., William Dall'Acqua, Edward Eisenstein, Barry A. Fields, Fernando A. Goldbaum, Emilio L. Malchiodi, Roy A. Mariuzza, Frederick P. Schwarz, Xavier Ysern y Roberto J. Poljak. "Protein motion and lock and key complementarity in antigen-antibody reactions". Pharmaceutica Acta Helvetiae 69, n.º 4 (marzo de 1995): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-6865(94)00046-x.

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36

Dr.E.N.Ganesh. "Analysis and Detection of Antigen – Antibody Interactions using CMOS Image Sensor". Pacific International Journal 1, n.º 3 (30 de septiembre de 2018): 135–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.55014/pij.v1i3.61.

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Different types of immunoassay methods commonly used for antigen-antibody reactions. The Presented work focused on in-vitro diagnostic methods based on the biological sensor. The competence of a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) using an indium nanoparticle (InP) substrate for the high sensitivity diagnosis of antigen/antibody interactions at low concentrations under normal light. This study supported with the help of metal surface, normally metal surface affinity to the biological molecules. The research report says metals like Ta, Ni Au, In Si monolayer surfaces increase protein adsorption on their surface also they can bind with their specific antibody The experimental results show the valuable impact of the CMOS image sensor and InN P substrates for the detection of antigen/antibody interactions. The occasional shaking method also gives sensitive results.

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Yamasaki, Hiroshi, Kunioki Araki, Patricia Kim Chooi Lim, Ngah Zasmy, Joon Wah Mak, Radzan Taib y Takashi Aoki. "Development of a Highly Specific RecombinantToxocara canis Second-Stage Larva Excretory-Secretory Antigen for Immunodiagnosis of Human Toxocariasis". Journal of Clinical Microbiology 38, n.º 4 (2000): 1409–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.38.4.1409-1413.2000.

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The specificity of the recombinant Toxocara canisantigen developed for the immunodiagnosis of human toxocariasis was compared with that of the excretory-secretory antigen from T. canis second-stage larvae (TES) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A total of 153 human serum samples from patients infected with 20 different helminths, including 11 cases of toxocariasis, were examined. No false-negative reactions were observed for the toxocariasis cases. When the TES was used at concentrations of 0.5 and 0.125 μg/ml, cross-reactions were observed in 79 (55.6%) and 61 (43.0%) of 142 cases, respectively. In contrast, when the recombinant antigen was tested at a concentration of 0.5 μg/ml, cross-reactions were observed in 19 (13.4%) of 142 cases. At a concentration of 0.125 μg/ml, however, the cross-reaction rate decreased sharply to only 2.1%, corresponding to 3 of 142 cases. The cross-reactions occurred with one case each of gnathostomiasis, paragonimiasis withParagonimus miyazakii, and spirometriasis, in which high antibody titers were detected. In addition, the recombinant antigen showed negative reactions with serum samples from patients infected with Ascaris and hookworms, which are the most common parasites in the world. These findings are also supported by experiments with animals infected with Ascaris and hookworm. From these results, the recombinant antigen is highly specific for toxocariasis and may provide more reliable diagnostic results than other methods.

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Kireev, M. N., T. A. Polunina, N. P. Guseva, N. A. Podboronova, Ya M. Krasnov y T. M. Taranenko. "Studying the Immunogenic Properties of Plague Microbe Capsule Antigen F1 Conjugated with Nanoparticles of Colloid Gold and Silver". Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections, n.º 2(96) (20 de abril de 2008): 43–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21055/0370-1069-2008-2(96)-43-45.

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Influence of nanoparticles of colloid gold (CG) and silver (CS) on immunobiological properties of antigens and possibility of their application as adjuvants for antibody formation stimulation were studied. It was shown that F1 capsule antigen of plague microbe conjugated with nanoparticles of CG and CS possesses more strongly expressed immunogenic properties than original F1 antigen independently of the way of injection. Gold and silver sols with antigens are stable, capable to stimulate specific antibody generation subject to less antigen burden, comfortable for use, do not cause general and local reactions. All these facts give the opportunity to use them in immunologic practice as adjuvants when engineering immunobiological preparations.

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Gagne, G. D., P. Lyter, K. Mollison, W. Mandecki y M. F. Miller. "Use of an Artificial Test Substrate For Evaluation of Immunocytochemical Labelling at the EM Level". Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 43 (agosto de 1985): 440–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100119028.

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Immunocytochemical labelling by the protein A-gold (PAG) method is affected by many factors, including fixation and embedding procedures, concentrations of the antibody and PAG conjugate, incubation times, etc. Optimization of these parameters for the demonstration of an antigen in tissue sections can be difficult and time consuming, particularly when the antigen is sparsely distributed or is not contained within a well defined cellular compartment. Recently an artificial substrate system for the LM evaluation of immunoper-oxidase reactions was reported. We reasoned that a similar method could be employed to appraise PAG labelling at the EM level and selected a C5a (human complement factor) antigen/antibody system to test our hypothesis.

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Eddahri, Fouad, Sébastien Denanglaire, Oberdan Leo y Fabienne Andris. "CD4+ T cells promoting humoral responses in mice (88.22)". Journal of Immunology 178, n.º 1_Supplement (1 de abril de 2007): S142—S143. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.178.supp.88.22.

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Abstract Following antigen inoculation in naïve transgenic mice, we identified an antigen-specific CD4+ T cell subset expressing high level of both CD62L and CD44 that differ from the well characterized inflammatory cytokine producer CD62Llo CD44hi T cells. Antigen-primed CD62LhiCD44hi T cells induced extensive antibody secretion in B cell cooperation tests despite defective IL-4 and IFN-γ production, while CD62Llo CD44hi T cells secreted high amount of IL-4 and IFN-γ but did not induce optimal IgG secretion by cocultured B cells, suggesting that T cell-dependent antibody secretion by B lymphocytes (Th-B function) could be dissociated from elevated Th1 and Th2 cytokine production. We therefore studied the stimulation requirements leading to humoral and inflammatory immune responses following a dendritic cell-based immunisation protocol. The data obtained suggested that injection of antigen-pulsed mature DC primed naïve T cells for IFN-γ secretion in vivo whereas injection of antigen-pulsed immature DC did not. However, immature DC were fully capable of promoting antigen specific antibody secretion, suggesting that activation protocols described as “suboptimal” for Th cell cytokine secretion induced optimal Th-B capacities. Together, these studies should help in the development of novel vaccination strategies inducing optimal antibody responses while minimizing local inflammatory reactions.

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Vancutsem, E., F. Echahidi, K. Van Geel, G. Muyldermans, O. Soetens y A. Naessens. "Production of Recombinant Antigens of Ureaplasma parvum Serotypes 3 and 6 for Development of a Serological Assay". Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 15, n.º 3 (19 de diciembre de 2007): 447–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00379-07.

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ABSTRACT Recombinant antigens of Ureaplasma parvum serotypes 3 and 6 were produced in order to develop a serological assay for Ureaplasma antibody detection. The genes of the multiple banded antigen (MBA) were amplified by PCR and cloned in a pTrcHis TOPO plasmid. Purified recombinant proteins were evaluated in Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with monoclonal antibodies and human sera. Our approach was successful in the production of the recombinant MBAs (rMBAs) for serotypes 3 and 6. The antigens tested positive with serotype-specific monoclonal antibodies in Western blotting and in ELISA. Prominent reactions were detected with the rMBAs and their homologous monoclonal antibodies. Strong cross-reactions were visible in ELISA between rMBA 3 and the monoclonal antibodies from the other U. parvum serotypes. A weak cross-reaction was seen with rMBA 3 and the monoclonal antibody from serotype 4. rMBA 6 showed cross-reaction only with the monoclonal antibody from U. parvum serotype 1. Fifty-one percent of the sera obtained from culture-positive women reacted with one or both rMBAs. Only three (15%) of the sera from culture-negative women reacted with the rMBA. The positive reactions were observed only with rMBA 6. These preliminary tests showed the potential usefulness of the rMBAs produced for detecting an antibody response against Ureaplasma antigens.

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42

Lind, Inga, Alice Reyn y Aksel Birch-Andersen. "ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF STAPHYLOCOCCAL PROTEIN A REACTIVITY AND SPECIFIC ANTIGEN-ANTIBODY REACTIONS". Acta Pathologica Microbiologica Scandinavica Section B Microbiology and Immunology 80B, n.º 2 (15 de agosto de 2009): 281–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1699-0463.1972.tb00161.x.

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Schiøtt, Carsten Rindom. "PRELIMINARY STUDIES ON ANTIGEN-ANTIBODY REACTIONS IN GELS ACCORDING TO OUCHTERLONY'S METHOD1". Acta Pathologica Microbiologica Scandinavica 32, n.º 2 (18 de agosto de 2009): 251–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1699-0463.1953.tb00250.x.

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Moulds, John J. "The Galvanic Immunosensor Assay: A New Method to Detect Antigen—Antibody Reactions". Laboratory Medicine 25, n.º 2 (1 de febrero de 1994): 86–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/labmed/25.2.86.

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Quesada, M., J. Puig, J. M. Delgado y R. Hidalgo-Álvarez. "Modelling the kinetics of antigen-antibody reactions at particle enhanced optical immunoassays". Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition 9, n.º 9 (enero de 1998): 961–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156856298x00271.

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Nance, Sandra J. y George Garratty. "Polyethylene Glycol: A New Potentiator of Red Blood Cell Antigen–Antibody Reactions". American Journal of Clinical Pathology 87, n.º 5 (1 de mayo de 1987): 633–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/87.5.633.

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Sargent, Anita y Omowunmi A. Sadik. "Monitoring antibody–antigen reactions at conducting polymer-based immunosensors using impedance spectroscopy". Electrochimica Acta 44, n.º 26 (septiembre de 1999): 4667–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0013-4686(99)00265-0.

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Ye, Zhixiang y Zongqing Huang. "Study of antigen and antibody reaction in electrochemical reactions with ellipsometric spectroscopy". Chinese Science Bulletin 42, n.º 2 (enero de 1997): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03182799.

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Bettelheim, Karl A. y William J. Maskill. "Investigation by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay of Salmonella H Antigen-Antibody Reactions". Journal of Clinical Microbiology 21, n.º 5 (1985): 772–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.21.5.772-774.1985.

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Miao, Yu‐Qing y Jian‐Guo Guan. "Probing of Antibody–Antigen Reactions at Electropolymerized Polyaniline Immunosensors Using Impedance Spectroscopy". Analytical Letters 37, n.º 6 (28 de diciembre de 2004): 1053–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/al-120034052.

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