Literatura académica sobre el tema "Antibiorésistants"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Antibiorésistants"
Manus, Jean-Marie. "Pourquoi SARM est antibiorésistant ?" Revue Francophone des Laboratoires 2013, n.º 450 (marzo de 2013): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1773-035x(13)71920-8.
Texto completoD, Y. M. "Ministres contre antibiorésistance". Option/Bio 25, n.º 501 (enero de 2014): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0992-5945(14)71584-3.
Texto completoManus, Jean-Marie. "Antibiorésistance, phénomène inquiétant". Revue Francophone des Laboratoires 2019, n.º 511 (abril de 2019): 18–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1773-035x(19)30215-1.
Texto completoMacrì, Francesco. "Homéopathie et antibiorésistance". La Revue d'Homéopathie 10, n.º 4 (diciembre de 2019): 162–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.revhom.2019.10.018.
Texto completoNau, Jean-Yves. "Procalcitonine contre antibiorésistances ?" Revue Médicale Suisse 6, n.º 235 (2010): 316b—317b. http://dx.doi.org/10.53738/revmed.2010.6.235.316b.
Texto completoM., J. M. "OMS : SOS antibiorésistance mondiale". Revue Francophone des Laboratoires 2018, n.º 501 (abril de 2018): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1773-035x(18)30104-7.
Texto completoM., J. M. "Antibiorésistance : la piste des odilorhabdines". Revue Francophone des Laboratoires 2013, n.º 457 (diciembre de 2013): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1773-035x(13)72245-7.
Texto completoD., Y. M. "Bactéries antibiorésistantes : propositions du Centre d’analyse stratégique". Option/Bio 24, n.º 483 (enero de 2013): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0992-5945(13)71144-9.
Texto completoBerthulom, Chantal. "Antibiorésistance de Campylobacter en filière volaille". Option/Bio 32, n.º 649-650 (abril de 2022): 22–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0992-5945(22)00078-2.
Texto completoColomb-Cotinat, Mélanie y Marie-Neige Cordonnier. "Antibiorésistance : impact en hausse en Europe". Pour la Science N° 495 - janvier, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2019): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/pls.495.0007.
Texto completoTesis sobre el tema "Antibiorésistants"
Filella, Merce Isaac. "Evolution, structure, and inhibition of bacterial secretion systems". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2022SORUS066.pdf.
Texto completoEvolution has shaped a variety of mechanisms employed by pathogens to colonize the host. In bacteria, this colonization is assisted by secretion systems, which are composite machines that translocate virulence factors to the extracellular space or directly into target cells. Regulating these bacterial systems is essential for developing antivirulence therapeutics to respond against antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Computational methods provide rational strategies to decipher the detailed mechanisms governing these systems and guide the design of inhibitors.This thesis explores several aspects of two bacterial systems, the type 6 and the type 2 secretion systems (T6SS and T2SS). The structure, inhibition, and evolution of these two systems were studied by combining sequence analysis and molecular modeling methods. First, based on the accumulated structural information on T6SS, I designed an inhibitor for the complex assembly, which was experimentally validated. Second, I examined a non-canonical T6SS via genes co-occurrence, sequence motif analysis, and protein modeling. Third, I modeled a complete T2SS filament to study its secretion mechanism. Fourth, I analyzed the protein-protein interaction network obtained from entire bacterial cells. Finally, to study the evolution of the secretion systems, I introduced SOMseq, a novel method used to visualize gene evolution in a compact three-dimensional (3D) graph and estimate gene coevolution. In conclusion, these results show how continuous feedback between computational and experimental efforts is essential for understanding the complexity of bacterial systems and efficiently designing therapeutics
Camiade, Mathilde. "Persistance de bactéries entériques antibiorésistantes ou pathogénes sur des végétaux de consommation humaine ( modèle la laitue )". Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMR032/document.
Texto completoIn recent years, foodborne diseases caused by fresh products contaminated, such as lettuce, with enteric pathogenic bacteria (Salmonella, Shigatoxin-producing Escherichia coli-or STEC-) increasingly. The presence of these bacteria in this unusual environment is a major emerging health risk, especially since enteric bacteria, whether pathogenic or not, are frequently resistant to antibiotics. To study the persistence of antibiotic-resistant or pathogenic bacteria on lettuce, the characterization of resistance plasmids carried by E. coli strains from contaminated aquatic environments was carried out in order to study their potential involvement in adhesion of host strains on different varieties of lettuce. The study of the survival and adhesion of environmental and laboratory E. coli strains, transformed with the plasmids of interest, on young lettuce plants allowed to highlight three points: 1) more time contact between bacteria and leaves increases and less bacterial survival is important; 2) there is a difference in survival and adhesion depending on the varieties of lettuce studied; 3) there is a difference in survival and adhesion between laboratory strains and environmental strains, the latter being in better metabolic state and showing greater adhesion during the 11-12 days of experimentation. After the persistence of antibiotic-resistant E. coli strains under controlled conditions, field studies on 4 Normandy vegetable farms, with different technical itineraries, were carried out. The search for enteric pathogens, Salmonella and STEC, was carried out on lettuce and a search for E. coli, a control of fecal contamination, was realized on the lettuce as well as in the irrigation water of one of the sites. The results reveal a satisfactory microbiological quality of the agricultural plots studied (according to the European decree N ° 2073/2005) although E. coli strains were regularly found at the lettuce level, including some antibiotic resistant. Analysis of the irrigation water showed the continued presence of E. coli strains, including strains with common antimicrobial resistance profiles to those found on lettuce, showing that irrigation water is one of the critical sources of plant contamination in the field
Hage, Rima el. "Salmonelles dans l'industrie avicole libanaise : prévalence, antibiorésistance, caractérisation moléculaire et lutte alternative par les Lactobacilles". Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019INPT0062.
Texto completoFoodborne Salmonella continues to be a major threat for public health, especially from poultry origin. In recent years, an increasing trend of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Salmonella sp. was noticed due to the misuse of antimicrobials. To find alternatives to this emerging problem, probiotics, particularly Lactobacilli sp., has been proposed. Since data on Salmonella in the Lebanese poultry industry is scarce, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Salmonella at different stages of the broiler production chain and layer flocks in addition to their antibiotic resistance profile and molecular patterns. In addition, the probiotic activity of native poultry-derived Lactobacillus strains was tested against the most relevant and drug resistant Salmonella sp. Screening of Lactobacillus strains for anti-Salmonella activity, safety such as antibio-resistance and surface probiotic properties was also done. Over a period of 3 years, feces samples were collected by a sock method from local Lebanese farms (n=237), while poultry meat was collected from slaughterhouses (n=134) and retail (n=1907). In parallel, ceca (n=115) and neck skins (n=115) were collected from two major slaughter plants. The results highlighted a high prevalence of Salmonella in poultry. Considering all samples together, a large diversity of serotypes was identified with predominance among Salmonella Infantis (32.9%), Salmonella Enteritidis (28.4%) and Salmonella Kentucky (21.4%) with high AMR and multi-drug resistance (MDR) in all Salmonella isolates. The most prominent resistance was found in nine strains of S. Kentucky CIPR resistant to Extended Spectrum Cephalosporin (ESCs). These strains were genetically characterized by whole genome sequencing (WGS). The results showed, for the first time in Lebanon, a case of detection and dissemination of the emerging highly drug resistant S. Kentucky ST198. Comparing S. Enteritidis strains from poultry and humans using PFGE, the results indicated that one persistent clone of S. Enteritidis (80% of the strains) is common between poultry and humans in Lebanon. Similar genomic profiles and antimicrobial resistance phenotypes were detected between farms, slaughterhouses and retail suggesting the circulation and transmission of identical clones throughout the food chain and layer flocks. Results of screening for potential probiotics, four Lactobacillus species have been identified as: L. reuteri (n= 22, 44 %), L. salivarius (n=20, 40 %), L. fermentum (n= 2, 4 %) and L. crispatus (n=1, 2 %) and two Enterococcus fecalis. Eight Lactobacillus were chosen depending to their cell surface hydrophobicity capacity and auto/co-aggregation ability for further adhesion assay. Attachment of the Lactobacillus strains varied from 0.53 to 10.78 %. L. salivarius A30/i26 and 16/c6 and L. reuteri 1/c24 showing the highest adhesion capacity were assessed for their ability to compete and exclude the pathogen for the adhesion site on the caco-2 cell line. L. salivarius 16/c6 demonstrated to highly exclude the three Salmonella serotypes adhesion at significant levels
Khoder, May. "Epidémiologie, typage et antibiorésistance de Neisseria spp. au Liban par séquençage de nouvelle génération des génomes". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/190926_KHODER_401iv46o801lrsz306pplkvz_TH.pdf.
Texto completoNeisseria spp. are Gram-negative diplococci bacteria belonging to the class of beta-proteobacteria. Some species are commensals of human mucosal epithelia, while two species are pathogens, Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, which can induce inflammation and break mucosal barriers. Although Neisseria spp. are very similar genetically, they differ in their adaptation to different niches and the presentation of the disease. Routine identification is mainly based on biochemical tests, however recently new advanced tools including (MALDI-TOF) and genetic characterization have been used to identify this bacterial genus. Simultaneously, the causes of infertility in men are less known than those responsible for female infertility. Recent studies have confirmed that human infertility problems are caused by N. gonorrhoeae infection. Unfortunately, few data are available concerning the identification of commensal Neisseria species and their correlation with infertility.For these reasons, it seemed interesting to carry out a thesis project articulated around four different axes:Epidemiology, clinical research and antibiotic resistance- Taxonomy of the genus Neisseria- Comparative genomic analysis and Molecular characterization of cephalosporin resistance in Neisseria flavescens. In conclusion, our findings showed that commensal Neisseria species have a significant impact on human health, and are probably associated with infertility in men. On the other hand, the available genomic data regarding Neisseria on NCBI database contains many errors and requires a reclassification of predicted species in order to correct the taxonomy of this genus
Boireau, Clémence. "Antibiorésistance en santé animale en France : caractérisation à des fins d’évaluation et de lutte et mises en perspective dans un contexte One Health". Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1114/document.
Texto completoAntimicrobial resistance is a major and global public health concern. In this context, the research problem was to provide decision support to the risk manager for the implementation and assessment of control measures in animal health. To limit and manage the phenomenon, we must know the dynamic of its evolution: the surveillance is therefore a key element in the fight against antimicrobial resistance. At first, using a population survey and a sociological approach, this research determined to what extent the data collected by the French surveillance network of antimicrobial resistance in diseased animals (RESAPATH) could be used to answer the research problem. Since the representativeness and the coverage of the RESAPATH were considered satisfactory, surveillance data were used to characterize the dynamics of the resistances and generalized additive models were developed. The comparison of resistance trends and control measures underscored the positive impact of changes in practices on the evolution of resistances. Finally, in the context of the ‘One Health’ concept that advocates an integrated and collaborative approach to health, the parallel was drawn between resistances in isolates from animals and humans. Data from the French surveillance network of antimicrobial resistance of bacteria isolated in community (MedQual) were analysed. Resistance dynamics were specific to each species. These results advocate that the efforts to fight antimicrobial resistance must be carried in all sectors and for all species, both in human and veterinary medicine
Eddabra, Rkia. "Évaluation de la contamination bactériologique des eaux usées des stations d’épuration du Grand Agadir : isolement, caractérisation moléculaire et antibiorésistance des espèces du genre Vibrio". Strasbourg, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011STRA6135.
Texto completoIn countries such as Morocco, characterized by scarce rainfall, lack of freshwater resources and high groundwater salinity where agriculture reuse of municipal wastewater is becoming a compulsory choice for water resources management. This study evaluated the efficiency of the three wastewater treatment plants (WTPs) for the removal of physico-chemical and microbiological contaminants. Resistance to antibiotics, pulsed field gel electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry were used to characterize Vibrio isolates. Mean values were used to determine treatment performances of the 3 WTPs, electric conductivity didn’t showed any difference between raw and treated wastewater and the mean values varying from 2900 μS/cm to 3300, the pH varying from 6,66 to 8,6, and the temperature varying between 16°C and 26. 4°C. Removal efficiencies of fecal coliforms, enterococci and spores of sulphite reducing anaerobic bacteria were betwenn 3 and 4 log unit for the 3WTPs. 4 species of Vibrio were identified, among the 58 Vibrio sp. Isolated, 53,44% were identified as V. Cholerae, 29,31% as V. Alginolyticus, 17,78% as V. Fluvialis and 1,74% as V. Metschnikovii. Of the total 58 Vibrio isolates, 53,44% were susceptible to all antibiotics. Of the resistant (46,56%) Vibrio strains, 39,83% were resistant against one to three antibiotics. PFGE with NotI digestion produced patterns with higher level of heterogeneity, and about 31% of Vibrio isolates were untypeable. MALDI-TOF-MS-based fingerprinting of Vibrio isolates has potential as a rapid for identification and finest differences between strains can readily be evaluated by the dendrogram based on percentage identity of MALDI-TOF mass spectra of Vibrio isolates, but requires further development for database of BioTyper
Résumé anglais : idem
Lacotte, Yohann. "Intégrons de multirésistance : coût biologique et dynamique d' évolution du promoteur des cassettes". Thesis, Limoges, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIMO0068/document.
Texto completoResistance integrons are genetic platforms able to catch and express resistance genes embedded within gene cassettes. Capture and reshuffling of gene cassettes are mediated by the integrase whose expression is regulated by the SOS response in E. coli. Gene cassettes are then expressed from the Pc promoter.This work aims to clarify the evolution dynamic of integrons.In a first part, the fitness cost of class 1 integron was assessed in E. coli. Results reveal that integrons are low cost structures and that their cost is reduced by the SOS-mediated repression system. While repressed, the cost of an integron mostly depends on cassettes array expression. The cost of an integron therefore increases with Pc strength and the number of cassettes in the array. Furthermore, different cassettes exhibit different costs.In a second part, the evolution dynamic of Pc promoter was assessed in response to antibiotic pressures. An E. coli strain, carrying a plasmidic integron with a weak Pc promoter, was propagated in chemostat for 200 generations. The deep-sequencing of evolved populations did not reveal any mutations in the promoter region. On the other hand, evolved bacteria presented evidence of chromosomal adaptation. In these conditions, the lack of evolution within the Pc region could reveal either a biological reality or an experimental protocol to optimize
Ory, Jérôme. "Effluents hospitaliers : sources de pollution en antibiotiques et de résistances bacériennes potentiellement transmissibles via un biofilm ? : Microbiologie". Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CLFAC111/document.
Texto completoThe presence of pharmaceutical compounds in waste water favors the emergence and the spreading of antibiotic resistant microorganisms. The hospital effluents could be involved gathering antibiotics and multiresistant bacteria. The aim of this work is to characterize the hospital effluents of a teaching hospital measuring simultaneously the concentrations of antibiotics (fluoroquinolones and imipenem) and the diversity of the bacteria resistant to these antibiotics within hospital effluent biofilms.The antibiotics concentrations were measured by liquid-phase chromatography - mass spectrometry via a passive sampling during 15 days. The measured environmental concentrations were 2.08 ± 0.88μg/L (ciprofloxacin), 101.06 ± 18.47 μg/L (ofloxacine), 6.43 ± 0.56 μg/L (norfloxacine). Imipenem was not detected. Compared with the data of hospital consumption during the same period, the predicted estimated concentrations are 5.84±1.78µg/L(ciprofloxacin), 11.22 ± 1.09µg/L (ofloxacin), 7.68 ± 3.7µg/L, 7.68 ± 3.7μg/L (norfloxacin) and 3.61 ± 0.24ug/L (imipenem). The ecotoxicological risk was confirmed for the ciprofloxacin and the ofloxacin (hazard quotient > 1).In parallel, fluoroquinolones (n=115) and carbapenem (n=38) resistant bacteria were isolated from hospital effluent biofilm. Sixty % of isolates, mainly composed by Gram negative bacilli in particular Aeromona spp and Klebsiella spp, are resistant to several antibiotics among which some are exclusively used at the hospital. The majority of these strains have mobile genetic elements such as conjugative plasmids harboring imipenem or fluoroquinolones resistances.The presences of both antibiotics resistant bacteria harboring mobile genetic elements in connection with these resistances and low antibiotics concentrations make the hospital effluent a convenient place for the transfer of resistance between the hospital and the environment
Schultz-Ascensio, Eliette. "Diffusion d'îlots génomiques de multirésistance aux antibiotiques chez Proteus mirabilis". Thesis, Tours, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOUR3302/document.
Texto completoThe antibiotic resistance is a major treat for public health. These resistances can be hold by different element and genomic islands are one of them. Salmonella Genomic Island 1 (SGI1) and Proteus Genomic Island 1 (PGI1) are important genetic elements for the antibiotic resistance. A few SGI1 and PGI1 variants were already described in P. mirabilis. It is in this context that this thesis project aimed to improve our knowledge about the epidemiological spread of SGI1 and PGI1 in P. mirabilis in humans but also in animals in France (diversity of isolates and SGI1/PGI1 variants). Moreover, another wish was to identify other factors and actors for the acquisition of antibiotic resistance in the Morganellaceae tribe (Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases, AmpC cephalosporinase, Plasmid-mediated Quinolone Resistance…). Finally, this study revealed the first cases of SGI1 and PGI1 in P. mirabilis in animals in France. New SGI1 variants were also described. And for the very first time, SGI1 was found in M. morganii, another entrobacterial species
Jacobs, Matthieu. "Développement de modèles pharmacocinétiques et pharmacodynamiques pour l'optimisation du traitement des infections à bactéries à gram négatif multi-résistantes". Thesis, Poitiers, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015POIT1801/document.
Texto completoAntibiotics are among the most commonly prescribed drugs, however optimal dosages are not yet well defined. The aim of this thesis was to develop pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) models that characterize the course of antimicrobial drug concentrations and effects over time, with an emphasis on the development of resistance. These models were applied to optimize dosing regimens of antimicrobial therapies.A population PK model for colistin and its prodrug, colistin methanesulfonate (CMS) was developed in critically ill patients receiving colistin by nebulization and/or undergoing an intermittent hemodialysis (HD). Results predicted clear benefits of using aerosol delivery of 2MIU CMS dose for the treatment of pulmonary infections. For patients with HD session dosing regimen of CMS should be 1.5 MIU twice daily with an additional dose of 1.5 MIU after each HD session.An assessment of the performances of different PK-PD models by using a simulation approach have shown the importance of longer study designs and of complementary microbiological data to predict accurately bacterial resistance development. A semi-mechanistic PK/PD model that incorporates mutation rate and adaptive resistance development of a bioluminescent strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa against colistin was developed based on in-vitro data. A high, quick and partially reversible resistance was described. These results confirm that the first 24 h of treatment are critical in the management of infections, that colistin alone cannot eradicate completely the mutants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa that were selected during the experiments and that combination therapies seem necessary
Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Antibiorésistants"
Angot, Jean-Luc. "Antibiorésistance animale : santé globale en péril". En Hors collection, 155–71. IRIS éditions, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/iris.abis.2021.01.0157.
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