Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Animaux des dunes"
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1
Guillaumet, Alban y Guillaume Leotard. "Annoying neighbors: Multi-scale distribution determinants of two sympatric sibling species of birds". Current Zoology 61, n.º 1 (1 de febrero de 2015): 10–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/czoolo/61.1.10.
Resumen
Abstract We tested the role of interspecific competition in driving species distribution at multiple spatial scales using two sibling species of Galerida larks (G. cristata and G. theklae) in Morocco (sympatry), Balearic islands (G. theklae only) and Israel (G. cristata only). We first investigated regional-scale determinants by contrasting allopatric versus sympatric patterns in five distinct habitat types. We next focused on a single habitat used by both species, the coastal sand dunes. Dune quadrats were established along the Moroccan coast and completed by a quadrat in the nearest distinct landscape habitat. Poisson regressions were used to model Galerida counts together with ecological predictors as concerns the climate, topography, vegetation structure and soil gra-nulometry. At the local scale, both species preferred grey dunes over white sand dunes, and both were negatively affected by the abundance of the congeneric species in the dune. However, we found that G. theklae tended to replace G. cristata in more arid sand dunes, even if the transition was not strictly clinal. Instead, the transition occurred when the surrounding landscape changed from coastal wetlands to bathas (grasslands with shrubs), highlighting the importance of habitat composition at the landscape scale. The fact that G. cristata used bathas in allopatry, but not in sympatry, suggested that the competitive environment contributed to determine sand dune occupancy. We suggest that landscape-level effects may be pivotal in explaining species distribution not only at the local scale, by affecting the pool of potential immigrants, but also at the regional scale, by contributing to species’ range limit.
2
Woch, Marcin W., Paweł Kapusta, Małgorzata Stanek, Katarzyna Możdżeń, Irena M. Grześ, Elżbieta Rożej-Pabijan y Anna M. Stefanowicz. "Effects of invasive Rosa rugosa on Baltic coastal dune communities depend on dune age". NeoBiota 82 (2 de marzo de 2023): 163–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.82.97275.
Resumen
Rosa rugosa Thunb. (Japanese Rose) is one of the most invasive species in Europe. It spreads spontaneously in coastal areas of western, central and northern Europe, posing a threat to dune habitats, including those indicated in the EU Habitats Directive as particularly valuable. R. rugosa has already been reported to displace native plants and alter soil properties. However, little is known about how these effects are mediated by the habitat context or the invader condition (health, ontogenetic stage). This study addressed that gap by examining vegetation and soil in 22 R. rugosa-invaded sites, half of which were in yellow dunes and the other half in grey dunes, i.e. two habitats representing the earlier and later stages of dune succession. The study was conducted on the Hel Peninsula (Poland’s Baltic coast). R. rugosa had a significant impact on dune vegetation, but the impact was strongly dependent on the habitat type. In the yellow dune sites, R. rugosa outcompeted most resident plant species, which translated into a strong decline in their total cover and richness. The invasion was almost not accompanied by changes in soil properties, suggesting that it affected the resident vegetation directly (through space takeover and shading). In the grey dunes, R. rugosa caused a shift in species composition, from that characteristic of open communities to that typical of forests. In this habitat, a significant increase in the soil organic layer thickness under R. rugosa was also observed, which means that both direct and indirect effects of the invasion on the vegetation should be assumed. Finally, a negative relationship was found between the total chlorophyll content in R. rugosa leaves and the parameters of resident plant communities, showing that the invasion effects can vary not only across habitats, but also with the condition of the invader. The results may have practical implications for managing R. rugosa invasions in coastal sand dune systems. Since R. rugosa accelerates grey dune succession, protecting this habitat may be more urgent and, at the same time, more complicated than protecting dunes at the earlier stages of development.
3
Malloch, A. J. C. "Plant communities of the British sand dunes". Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 96 (1989): 53–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026972700001085x.
Resumen
SynopsisThe National Vegetation Classification has details of some 2000 samples of sand dune vegetation collected nationally. Analysis of these data has resulted in the recognition of about thirteen plant communities of the sand dune system. Details of these communities are presented, elaborating on their species composition, variability, ecological relationships and distribution. As might be expected, the major direction of variation is from strandline, through the vegetation of active dunes, to the fixed dune grasslands, heath and scrub. The precise pattern is affected by the calcium status of the dune and by its geographic location. The vegetation of dune slacks is also dependent on the calcium status of the sand, as well as the amount and persistence of standing water. Superimposed on this natural pattern of variation is the use of dune systems by the grazing of domestic animals as seen on the machair of the Hebrides in particular.
4
Wilson, BA, NM White, A. Hanley y DL Tidey. "Population fluctuations of the New Holland mouse Pseudomys novaehollandiae at Wilson?s Promontory National Park, Victoria." Australian Mammalogy 27, n.º 1 (2005): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am05049.
Resumen
The New Holland mouse (Pseudomys novaehollandiae) was first recorded at Wilson?s Promontory in 1972 in heathland vegetation, but has not been located in this habitat subsequently. The species was not trapped again until 1993 when it was found in calcarenite dune woodland on the Yanakie Isthmus. The aims of this study were to assess the population dynamics and habitat use of the species in this dune habitat. Mark-recapture trapping was conducted at three sites from 1999 to 2002. One site was located on low (0 - 5 m), flat sand dunes and open swales, another on medium (5 ? 10 m) vegetated dunes, and the third on high (20 m) steep vegetated dunes. The three sites had not been burnt for 30 to 50 years. The abundance of P. novaehollandiae was related to understorey vegetation density and differences in population densities on the sites are likely to be related to the primary succession stages on the sand dunes, rather than fire history. The maximum density (24 ha-1) recorded at one site was very high compared to other Victorian populations, however this was followed by a substantial decline in numbers within the year. At another site a small population declined to extinction. Populations on the isthmus are thus capable of achieving high densities but may decline quickly. Rainfall patterns may have affected the population fluctuations, but further research is required to elucidate fully the factors involved in the long-term dynamics of this species.
5
Ruiz-Cuenca, Alba N. y Joaquín Abolafia. "Prevalence and Distribution of Nematodes from Coastal Sand Dunes in the Iberian Peninsula". Coasts 3, n.º 3 (10 de septiembre de 2023): 263–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coasts3030016.
Resumen
Nematodes are a large and diversified zoological group with a wide global distribution, being able even to be present in habitats with extreme conditions. Although coastal dunes can be considered as an adverse environment for these animals, numerous species are discovered there. In general, these small animals present some morphological characteristics, which provide them a high adaptability to these habitats and the ability to reach a wide distribution. In this study, a total of 222 sample sites of coastal sand dunes have been studied in order to know the nematofauna of these habitats. Thus, 42 coastal dunes from three geographical areas of the Iberian Peninsula coast (Atlantic coast, southern Mediterranean coast, and northern Mediterranean coast) were examined. A total of 120 species of nematodes were found, belonging to eight orders. The results showed the higher prevalence of the species belonging to the order Rhabditida, which were present in 84.2% of the sand dunes studied, most of them belonging to the family Cephalobidae with 42 species, while the order with lower prevalence was the order Enoplida appearing only in one dune (0.9%). The classification of nematofauna by trophic groups showed that bacterial feeders, omnivores, hyphal feeders, and plant feeders shared a high prevalence (83.3%, 40.5%, 34.2%, and 32.8%, respectively), while predators, unicellular eukaryote feeders, and substrate ingesters account for less than 11%. A list of the found species, prevalence, and trophic groups is included.
6
Crombé, Philippe, Mark van Strydonck, Mathieu Boudin, Tess van den Brande, Cilia Derese, Dimitri A. G. Vandenberghe, Peter van den Haute et al. "Absolute Dating (14C and OSL) of the Formation of Coversand Ridges Occupied by Prehistoric Hunter-Gatherers in NW Belgium". Radiocarbon 54, n.º 3-4 (2012): 715–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200047378.
Resumen
Based on radiocarbon and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) results obtained in the last 5 yr, this paper discusses the absolute chronology of the formation of one of the largest sand dunes within NW Belgium, the Great Ridge of Maldegem-Stekene. Multiproxy analysis of 6 sedimentary sequences points to a complex formation history covering the entire Late Glacial. Dry phases, characterized by eolian deflation and sedimentation, alternated with wet phases in which numerous mostly shallow dune slacks were filled with freshwater. The latter reached their highest water level during the first half of the Allerød, attracting both animals (e.g. European elk) and humans (Federmesser hunter-gatherers). Near the end of the Allerød, all dune slacks finally disappeared as they were filled in with windblown sand ("coversand"), likely forcing prehistoric hunter-gatherers to leave the area.
7
Predavec, M. y CR Dickman. "Population dynamics and habitat use of the long-haired rat (Rattus villosissimus) in south-western Queensland". Wildlife Research 21, n.º 1 (1994): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9940001.
Resumen
A population of Rattus villosissimus was studied during an 18-month period in a sand-dune habitat in south-western Queensland. The population numbers fluctuated dramatically during this time. Increases in population numbers were due primarily to immigration, with reproduction playing a secondary role. Rain-induced increases in food availability are the most likely stimuli for these increases. The cause of population decline is not clear from this study, but predation and disease may be important factors. Radio-tracking showed that the spatial activity of the animals was concentrated on the sides of the dunes, and around burrows. Temporal activity is influenced by moonlight, with animals remaining in burrows for long periods of time on bright nights.
8
Amin, Rajan, Tim Wacher, Tom Bruce y Chris Barichievy. "The status and ecology of the sand cat in the Uruq Bani Ma’arid Protected Area, Empty Quarter of Saudi Arabia". Mammalia 85, n.º 3 (11 de enero de 2021): 220–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mammalia-2020-0031.
Resumen
Abstract The sand cat is one of the world’s least studied small cats. Our camera-trap survey, one of the largest undertaken in a desert system, generated over 1500 images of the species across 100 camera-traps distributed systematically over the 2400 km2 core area of the Uruq Bani Ma’arid Protected Area of the Empty Quarter, Saudi Arabia. The study revealed a much more significant and widespread sand cat population in the ecosystem than previously understood. Sand cats were detected across one-third of the core area in all major habitats, comprising escarpment plateau, sand dunes and interdunal gravel valleys. The species showed a marginal preference for the interior parallel dune system with interspersed gravel valleys where they also preferred sand dunes over the gravel valley in the hot season. There was no evidence of strong spatial interactions with other predators. The ecosystem’s larger predators (Arabian red fox and honey badger, and all records of wild and feral cats) were primarily associated with the escarpment plateau. The smaller Rueppell’s fox was the only other carnivore more consistently present in the main dune system. Sand cats were strictly nocturnal and 14% more active in the hot season than the cool season.
9
DAWWRUENG, PATTARAWICH, NONN PANITVONG, KANIN MOOLTHAM, PONGPIPAT MEEBENJAMART y WEEYAWAT JAITRONG. "First record of the family Schizodactylidae (Orthoptera: Ensifera) from Thailand, with the description of a new species". Zootaxa 4472, n.º 1 (7 de septiembre de 2018): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4472.1.2.
Resumen
A new species of dune cricket in the family Schizodactylidae, Schizodactylus salweenensis sp. nov. is described from Salween River, Mae Hong Son Province, northwestern Thailand based on both males and females. The Schizodactylidae is recorded for the first time in Thailand. The new species is most similar to Schizodactylus tuberculatus Ander, 1938 and Schizodactylus burmanus Uvarov, 1935 in the morphology of male subgenital plate, but mainly differs in the shape of subgenital plate apex, and the spurs of hind tibiae. The type series was collected from sand dunes along the river. This cricket reaches adulthood during the rainy season.
10
Van De Walle, Ruben, François Massol, Martijn L. Vandegehuchte y Dries Bonte. "The distribution and impact of an invasive plant species (Senecio inaequidens) on a dune building engineer (Calamagrostis arenaria)". NeoBiota 72 (4 de marzo de 2022): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.72.78511.
Resumen
Disturbance is thought to enhance the probability of invasive species establishment, a prerequisite for naturalisation. Coastal dunes are characterised by disturbance in the form of sand dynamics. We studied the effect of this disturbance on the establishment and spread of an invasive plant species (Senecio inaequidens) in European coastal dunes. Local sand dynamics dictate the spatial configuration of marram grass (Calamagrostis arenaria). Therefore, marram grass configuration was used as a reliable proxy for disturbance. Since marram grass plays a crucial role in natural dune formation, we evaluated the possible effects S. inaequidens could have on this process, if it is able to naturalise in European coastal dunes. We expected the highest probability of S. inaequidens establishment at intermediate marram grass cover because too low cover would increase sand burial, whereas high cover would increase competition. However, our results indicate that S. inaequidens is quite capable of handling higher levels of sand burial. Thus, the probability of S. inaequidens establishment was high under low marram cover but slightly lowered when marram cover was high, hinting at the importance of competition. We expected a negative impact of Senecio-altered soils on marram grass growth mediated by soil biota. However, marram grass grew better in sand gathered underneath Senecio plants due to abiotic soil modifications. This enhanced growth may be caused by Senecio leaf litter elevating nutrient concentrations in an otherwise nutrient-poor substrate. If such increased plant growth is a general phenomenon, further expansion of S. inaequidens could accelerate natural succession in European coastal dunes.
11
Willis, A. J. "Coastal sand dunes as biological systems". Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 96 (1989): 17–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269727000010836.
Resumen
SynopsisWith the gradation of intensities of environmental factors from the strand-line to stable inland areas, coastal dunes show many ecological phenomena especially clearly. These are reviewed broadly, with some emphasis on topics on which important advances are being made. The nutrient status of dune soil and changes with time are shown with reference to several dune systems. Changes in major nutrients are given for Braunton Burrows, north Devon, where the influence of nitrogen fixation by Lotus corniculatus is illustrated. The effects of sand burial on plants are considered, and details given of the root systems of vigorous and relict marram; factors which may affect its decline in vigour are reviewed. Also discussed is the likely significance of nematodes in the decline of Hippophaë rhamnoides. Reasons for the richness of the dune flora are considered and also some autecological studies. At the physiological level, reference is made to the water relations of plants and at the biochemical level to the occurrence and possible ecological importance of stress metabolites. Life strategies, phenology, survivorship, competition and the population ecology of dune plants are reviewed and also the interaction of ragwort (Senecio jacobaea) and cinnabar moth (Tyria jacobaeae). The population genetics of dune plants is illustrated by reference to Festuca rubra and Ammophila arenaria and of animals to Cepaea nemoralis.The abundance and ecological relationships of the invertebrate fauna are exemplified by surveys at Spurn Point, extensive investigations on spiders and the influence of marram on arthropod communities. The ecology of the natterjack load is considered in relation to conservation and the effects of large animal grazers in relation to the diversity of vegetation.
12
Aaser, Magnus Fjord, Søren Krabbe Staahltoft, Martin Andersen, Aage Kristian Olsen Alstrup, Christian Sonne, Dan Bruhn, John Frikke y Cino Pertoldi. "Using Activity Measures and GNSS Data from a Virtual Fencing System to Assess Habitat Preference and Habitat Utilisation Patterns in Cattle". Animals 14, n.º 10 (19 de mayo de 2024): 1506. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani14101506.
Resumen
There has been an increased focus on new technologies to monitor habitat use and behaviour of cattle to develop a more sustainable livestock grazing system without compromising animal welfare. One of the currently used methods for monitoring cattle behaviour is tri-axial accelerometer data from systems such as virtual fencing technology or bespoke monitoring technology. Collection and transmission of high-frequency accelerometer and GNSS data is a major energy cost, and quickly drains the battery in contemporary virtual fencing systems, making it unsuitable for long-term monitoring. In this paper, we explore the possibility of determining habitat preference and habitat utilisation patterns in cattle using low-frequency activity and location data. We achieve this by (1) calculating habitat selection ratios, (2) determining daily activity patterns, and (3) based on those, inferring grazing and resting sites in a group of cattle wearing virtual fencing collars in a coastal setting with grey, wooded, and decalcified dunes, humid dune slacks, and salt meadows. We found that GNSS data, and a measure of activity, combined with accurate mapping of habitats can be an effective tool in assessing habitat preference. The animals preferred salt meadows over the other habitats, with wooded dunes and humid dune slacks being the least preferred. We were able to identify daily patterns in activity. By comparing general trends in activity levels to the existing literature, and using a Gaussian mixture model, it was possible to infer resting and grazing behaviour in the different habitats. According to our inference of behaviour the herd predominantly used the salt meadows for resting and ruminating. The approach used in this study allowed us to use GNSS location data and activity data and combine it with accurate habitat mapping to assess habitat preference and habitat utilisation patterns, which can be an important tool for guiding management decisions.
13
Loula, Angelo C., Leandro N. de Castro, Antônio L. Apolinário, Pedro L. B. da Rocha, Maria da Conceição L. Carneiro, Vanessa Perpétua G. S. Reis, Ricardo F. Machado, Claudia Sepulveda y Charbel N. El-Hani. "Modeling a Virtual World for the Educational Game Calangos". International Journal of Computer Games Technology 2014 (2014): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/382396.
Resumen
Ecology plays a central role in biology and deserves special attention in scientific education. Nonetheless, the teaching and learning of ecology face a number of difficulties. In order to tackle these difficulties, electronic games have recently been used to mediate ecology learning. This paper presents an electronic game that fulfills these gaps in order to make the students’ work with ecological concepts more concrete, active, and systematic. The paper presents the computational model of the ecological system included in the game, based on a real ecological case, a sand dune ecosystem located in the semiarid Caatinga biome, namely, the sand dunes of the middle São Francisco River, in the state of Bahia, Brazil. It includes various ecological relationships between endemic lizards and the physical environment, preys, predators, cospecifics, and plants. The engine of the game simulates the physical conditions of the ecosystem (dune topography and climate conditions with their circadian and circannual cycles), its biota (plant species and animal species), and ecological relationships (predator-prey encounters, cospecific relationships). We also present results from one classroom study of a teaching sequence structured around Calangos, which showed positive outcomes regarding high school students’ understanding of thermal regulation in ectothermic animals.
14
Boorman, Laurence A. "The grazing of British sand dune vegetation". Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 96 (1989): 75–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269727000010861.
Resumen
SynopsisThe herbaceous vegetation of sand dunes is quite strongly influenced by a number of different grazing animals, principally vertebrates. Between 1985 and 1987 forty-eight dune sites were visited and studied, information being recorded on the vegetation and grazing status of 777 quadrats.The results of the survey confirm that the dominant grazing animal in British sand dunes is the rabbit. Over 70% of the quadrats are regarded as being rabbit-grazed directly and over 98% of the dune sites sampled appeared to be affected by rabbit grazing to some extent. Just over a third of the sites were grazed by cattle and a similar proportion by sheep; generally it was either cattle or sheep although five sites were grazed by both. There was only one site significantly grazed by ponies although a number of other sites were grazed occasionally by passing ponies.The intensity of grazing was very variable. Out of the forty-eight sites, three were regarded as being ungrazed and a further ten only lightly grazed, while nine sites were considered to be heavily grazed. However the remaining twenty-six sites were recognised as being intermediate only to the extent of not being obviously overgrazed or undergrazed. It was further recognised that the present state of the vegetation tended to reflect the grazing management in the recent past rather than current practice. A change in the grazing management often took many years to effect a permanent change in the vegetation.The grazing requirements to promote species diversity are very different for the different habitat types. In the yellow dunes the plant community is open with bare ground for colonisation and plant competition is not intense. There is thus little need for the control of plant growth by grazing.Dune grassland, in the narrow sense, needs to be grazed to maintain plant species diversity. The purpose of grazing is to remove prolific growth from the most vigorously growing plants to reduce competition. Lower grazing intensities are needed for all the year round grazing than when grazing is first applied to an area or is a permanent measure for limited periods of the year only.Dune slacks are generally best grazed by cattle and, with the higher soil moisture, grazing intensities can be higher than those applied to dune grassland. Excessive grazing is likely to cause serious damage to both the soil and the vegetation, especially in the wetter areas.Dune heath vegetation has a low productivity and its own special management problems. It needs to be grazed (or cut or burnt) to maintain the internal mosaic by the successful regeneration of the main species, but too much grazing will lead to conversion to a species-poor acid grassland.
15
Taučer-Kapteijn, Maja, Wim Hoogenboezem, Remco Hoogenboezem, Sander de Haas y Gertjan Medema. "Source tracking of Enterococcus moraviensis and E. haemoperoxidus". Journal of Water and Health 15, n.º 1 (25 de noviembre de 2016): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2016.209.
Resumen
Enterococci were detected occasionally in 100 L samples of water abstracted from a shallow aquifer in a natural dune infiltration area for drinking water production. Enterococcus moraviensis was the species most frequently identified in these samples. Because there are no existing reports of faecal sources of E. moraviensis and the closely related E. hemoperoxidus, this study aimed to find such sources of these two species in the dunes. Faecal samples from various animal species living in the vicinity of abstraction wells, were analysed for enterococci on Slanetz and Bartley Agar. From these samples, enterococci isolates (1,386 in total) were subsequently identified using matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. E. moraviensis was found in the faeces of geese, foxes and rabbits. Also, E. haemoperoxidus was isolated from goose faeces. Using hierarchical clustering, the species composition of Enterococcus spp. isolated from abstracted water formed one cluster with the species composition found in geese droppings. A sanitary survey supported the indication that feral geese may provide a substantial faecal load in particular parts of this dune infiltration area, close to the water abstraction system. This study confirms the faecal origin of E. moraviensis and E. haemoperoxidus from specific animals, which strengthens their significance as faecal indicators.
16
Adriaens, Tim, Pieter Verschelde, Emma Cartuyvels, Bram D'hondt, Edward Vercruysse, Wouter van Gompel, Evy Dewulf y Sam Provoost. "A preliminary field trial to compare control techniques for invasive Berberis aquifolium in Belgian coastal dunes". NeoBiota 53 (11 de diciembre de 2019): 41–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.53.38183.
Resumen
Non-native Berberis aquifolium is an invasive species in Belgian coastal dunes. With its strong clonal growth through suckers, this evergreen shrub outcompetes native species and affects dune succession. To prevent further secondary spread and mitigate its impact, there was an urgent need for knowledge on the effectiveness of control measures, both at the plant and habitat level. Here, we report on a first control experiment. Individual B. aquifolium clones were subjected to one of four treatments (manual uprooting, foliar herbicide application, stem cutting followed by herbicide or salt application), with regrowth being measured up to one year after treatment. We analyzed the relationship between kill rate, treatment, dune area, plant volume and number of plant stems using a generalized linear model. Berberis aquifolium plants proved most susceptible to foliar herbicide application (5% glyphosate solution), resulting in 88% (64%–97%) of the clones dying after treatment. The predicted kill rate decreased with an increasing number of stems under all treatments. We discuss the limitations of our experiment and the potential for actual field application of the different treatments. We present some guidelines for future control that may become further refined as experience builds up and we provide some recommendations for tackling invasive alien species in Atlantic dune ecosystems.
17
Stanner, Michael y Heinrich Mendelssohn. "Sex Ratio, Population Density and Home Range of the Desert Monitor (Varanus griseus) in the Southern Coastal Plain of Israel". Amphibia-Reptilia 8, n.º 2 (1987): 153–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853887x00414.
Resumen
AbstractDuring a two-year study of the desert monitor (Varanus griseus) in a sand dune area south of the greater Tel Aviv area 21 adult monitors (8 males and 13 females) were captured and marked. Nine of the above monitors were equipped with radio transmitters, and were followed telemetrically for one year. The telemetered monitors maintained definite home ranges: 0.984 ± 0.165 km2, n = 4 for males and 0.319 ± 0.18 km2, n = 5 for females. The home range areas increased with the number of locations, reaching maxima after 30-70 locations. A considerable overlap of home ranges, between and within sexes, indicated that the species is not territorial. Varanus griseus forages over distances of 2 km or more. These forays often take the lizard through several habitats: unstabilized dunes, dense vegetation, construction areas, ruderal areas and a municipal garbage dump. A sex ratio of 1:1.6 (males:females) differs from that found in many previous Varanus studies.
18
Ohm, M., A. G. Toxopeus y J. W. Arntzen. "Reproductive biology of the parsley frog, Pelodytes punctatus, at the northernmost part of its range". Amphibia-Reptilia 14, n.º 2 (1993): 131–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853893x00309.
Resumen
AbstractThe reproductive biology and population dynamics of Pelodytes punctatus were studied at the breeding season over a three year period in a coastal dune system located at the extreme northwestern border of the species' range. Adult population size estimates ranged from about 100 in the first year to 60 in the third year. Males were remarkably sedentary near the pond under artificially provided shelters. Many were observed during the most of the breeding season which lasted from mid-March or the end of March to the end of April or mid-May. Most spawning took place in the second half of March or early April. In two years out of three a second period of spawning involving fewer animals was observed in the first half of May. Both periods of spawning coincided with, or shortly followed, periods of rising median air temperature. Egg-clutches were deposited in the deepest parts of pond, mainly on submerged vegetation not reaching the surface. An average sized clutch contained approximately 360 eggs. Development of the embryos until hatching took from 4 to 14 days, depending on the ambient temperature. Larval development and growth were fast. Recently metamorphosed froglets at a size of around 18 mm were found from the end of May onwards. Juveniles may reach adult size in the autumn of the year that they were born. Adult frogs did not show a strong fidelity to the breeding pond between years. In the study area the population structure of Pelodytes punctatus seems to be best described by a source - sink model in which flourishing populations in the dunes give rise to short lived satellite populations outside the dunes.
19
Heath, Trevor. "Dukes' Physiology of Domestic Animals". Australian Veterinary Journal 71, n.º 6 (junio de 1994): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1994.tb03389.x.
20
Shillito, Anthony P. y Neil S. Davies. "The Silurian inception of inland desert ecosystems: trace fossil evidence from the Mereenie Sandstone, Northern Territory, Australia". Journal of the Geological Society 178, n.º 4 (19 de febrero de 2021): jgs2020–243. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/jgs2020-243.
Resumen
The Silurian was an interval of profound change in terrestrial ecosystems as the earliest non-marine animal communities began to become established on the continents. Whilst much is known about the transition of pioneering animals from shallow-marine to coastal and alluvial habitats, evidence for animal activity in contemporaneous aeolian strata is rare. Here, we present trace fossil evidence that closes this knowledge gap, indicating that Silurian desert environments, dominated by aeolian processes, were occupied by resident invertebrate communities. The evidence comes from the Mereenie Sandstone, Northern Territory, Australia, which is demonstrated to have been deposited in a wet inland aeolian system, typified by small crescentic sand dunes and extensive interdune flats. The invertebrate trace fossil associations from the Mereenie Sandstone (Arenicolites isp., ‘burrow entrance with radial feeding traces', Didymaulichnus lyelli, Diplichnites gouldi, Helminthopsis isp., Laevicyclus isp., Palaeophycus isp., Polarichnus garnierensis, Skolithos isp.) are restricted to damp interdune deposits, whereas dune strata are barren. The ichnofauna are described and compared to those from other Palaeozoic aeolian systems, in order to re-evaluate the timing of the early stages of arthropod terrestrialization.
21
Gueth, Mareike, Gerhard Wiegleb y Walter Durka. "Colonisation of secondary habitats in mining sites by Labidura riparia (Dermaptera: Labiduridae) from multiple natural source populations". Journal of Insect Conservation 25, n.º 2 (24 de marzo de 2021): 349–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10841-021-00305-y.
Resumen
AbstractBackgroundOpen cast lignite mines, sand pits and military training areas represent human-made, secondary habitats for specialized xerothermophilous and psammophilous species. Rare species, including the earwigLabidurariparia,are found in high population densities in such sites. However, it is unknown from which sources colonisation took place and how genetic variation compares to that of ancient populations on natural sites.MethodsUsing nine microsatellite markers, we analysed genetic variation and population structure ofL. ripariain 21 populations in NE Germany both from secondary habitats such as lignite-mining sites, military training areas and a potassium mining heap, and rare primary habitats, such as coastal and inland dunes.ResultsGenetic variation was higher in populations from post-mining sites and former military training areas than in populations from coastal or inland dune sites. Overall population differentiation was substantial (FST = 0.08;FʹST = 0.253), with stronger differentiation among primary (FST = 0.196;FʹST = 0.473) than among secondary habitats (FST = 0.043;FʹST = 0.147). Differentiation followed a pattern of isolation by distance. Bayesian structure analysis revealed three gene pools representing primary habitats on a coastal dune and two different inland dunes. All populations from secondary habitats were mixtures of the two inland dune gene pools, suggesting multiple colonization of post-mining areas from different source populations and hybridisation among source populations.DiscussionPopulations ofL. ripariafrom primary habitats deserve special conservation, because they harbour differentiated gene pools. The majority of theL. ripariapopulations, however, thrive in secondary habitats, highlighting their role for conservation.Implications for insect conservationA dual strategy should be followed of conserving both remaining natural habitat harbouring particular intraspecific gene pools and secondary habitat inhabited by large admixed and genetically highly variable populations.
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Vega, Laura E., Patricio J. Bellagamba y Lee A. Fitzgerald. "Long-term effects of anthropogenic habitat disturbance on a lizard assemblage inhabiting coastal dunes in Argentina". Canadian Journal of Zoology 78, n.º 9 (1 de septiembre de 2000): 1653–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z00-095.
Resumen
We studied abundance and habitat use in two species of Liolaemus (Squamata: Tropiduridae) at a coastal dune site in eastern Argentina before and 7 years after a road was built at the site. Before disturbance, lizards exhibited similar abundances and a wide segregation in microhabitat use. Liolaemus multimaculatus used flat dunes scarcely covered by Spartina ciliata, while Liolaemus gracilis used the grass Panicum racemosum as cover. After disturbance, the mean number of L. multimaculatus detected by month was significantly less than that observed in the predisturbance period, owing to a drastic reduction in S. ciliata microhabitat patches. The mean number of L. gracilis was similar to that seen during the first period. These differences were clearly linked to habitat loss at the site. We concluded that human impact on the habitat structure of foredunes induced changes in the structure of the lizard assemblage, including shifts in the relative abundance of species and the proportional use of their preferred microhabitats.
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Masseck Fall, Mouhamadou, Khadime Dieng, Mamadou Lamine Lo, Capitaine Falilou Sarr y El Hadji Bamba Diaw. "IMPACT DES EFFLUENTS DES FOSSES SEPTIQUES SUR LA QUALITE DES EAUX SOUTERRAINES DES NAPPES SUPERFICIELLES DANS LA VILLE DE THIES, SENEGAL". International Journal of Advanced Research 8, n.º 9 (30 de septiembre de 2020): 1150–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/11770.
Resumen
La forte tendance des populations citadines du Senegal en general, et de la ville de Thies en particulier, a recourir au fonçage de puits domestiques pour leur approvisionnement en eau potable les expose a des dangers dinfections dues a des risques de pollution des eaux souterraines dorigines chimiques, accidentelles, domestiques et bacteriologiques. Ces polluants qui ont pour origine la surface du sol du fait de la proximite des puits avec les ouvrages dassainissement autonomes comme les fosses septiques, peuvent atteindre la nappe phreatique suivant un mecanisme de transfert et devolution a travers les couches sus-jacentes de la nappe phreatique. Dans cette etude nous avons procede par le prelevement dechantillons deaux au niveau treize (13) puits qui captent la nappe peu profonde et dissemines dans les trois (03) communes darrondissement de la ville de Thies. Les analyses physico-chimiques et microbiologiques effectuees sur les ces echantillons, montrent une pollution sous forme de phosphates, de nitrates, dune mineralisation tres elevee et de par les coliformes fecaux, attestant ainsi leur contamination par les dechets humains et animaux issus des fosses septiques.
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Young, Megan E., Wade A. Ryberg, Lee A. Fitzgerald y Toby J. Hibbitts. "Fragmentation alters home range and movements of the Dunes Sagebrush Lizard (Sceloporus arenicolus)". Canadian Journal of Zoology 96, n.º 8 (agosto de 2018): 905–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2017-0048.
Resumen
Habitat fragmentation is a major driver of biodiversity loss and among reptiles has been attributed as a cause of species decline. The negative effect of habitat fragmentation has also been shown to be worse for species that are habitat specialists. The Dunes Sagebrush Lizard (Sceloporus arenicolus Degenhardt and Jones, 1972) is a species that specializes on the shinnery oak (Quercus havardii Rydb.) sand-dune landform of the Mescalero–Monahans Sandhills ecosystem in western Texas and eastern New Mexico, USA. This landform has been fragmented by roads and well pads used for the extraction of oil and gas resources. The effects of fragmentation on the home range and movements of this species can lead to the effective isolation of populations and increased risk of localized extirpations. We showed that home-range size was larger in an unfragmented area and that the mean distance of movements was greater. We also observed that roads in the fragmented areas restricted movements of S. arenicolus. We concluded that roads can be barriers to movements even though only narrow strips of habitat are altered.
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Ramiro, Carolina Nisa, Renato Sousa Recoder y Miguel Trefaut Rodrigues. "Geographic variation in the morphology of the sand-dwelling lizard Nothobachia ablephara (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae)". Phyllomedusa: Journal of Herpetology 18, n.º 2 (17 de diciembre de 2019): 195–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v18i2p195-207.
Resumen
Geographic variation in the morphology of the sand-dwelling lizard Nothobachia ablephara (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae). Nothobachia ablephara is a small microteiid lizard with an elongated body and reduced limbs; it occurs in isolated dune felds in the state of Bahia (Xique-Xique and Alagoado) and small sandy patches in northeastern Brazil. A previous molecular study found a marked mtDNA divergence between populations of N. ablephara from Alagoado and Xique-Xique dunes, suggesting that the two populations diverged from one another between 3 and 4 million years ago. Given this isolation, it is interesting to explore whether morphological traits of the lizards refect the reported genetic divergence of the populations. Scale counts of the sexes and the populations differ signifcantly, but there is considerable overlap of values. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed signifcant morphometric variation between sexes and populations; however, this is mostly explained by size differences. Females are larger than males in all characters that are sexually dimorphic, and individuals from Xique-Xique are larger than those from Alagoado in all characters that vary geographically. The sample from Alagoado has more sexually dimorphic characters than the one from Xique-Xique. Although N. ablephara displays some geographical variation, the two populations could not be unequivocally distinguished by scale counts and morphometric data.
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Green, David M. y Katharine T. Yagi. "Ready for bed: pre-hibernation movements and habitat use by Fowler’s Toads (Anaxyrus fowleri)". Canadian Field-Naturalist 132, n.º 1 (28 de agosto de 2018): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v132i1.2023.
Resumen
We used radio-tracking to investigate movement patterns and habitat use of Fowler’s Toads (Anaxyrus fowleri) during late summer and early fall in a relatively undisturbed lakeshore dune and beach habitat at Long Point, Ontario. Small radio transmitters were fitted to 11 adult toads with an external harness made from fine surgical plastic tubing wrapped around the body behind the front limbs. We located radio-tagged toads morning and evening, for a maximum of 9 days, recording their locations using Global Positioning System units. Initially, the toads were located on the upper beach or in the fore-dunes during the day, either dug in under the sand or hiding beneath debris; in the evening, they were generally active on the lower beach close to the water line. After a storm and the onset of cooler autumn weather, the toads tended to move further from the water line. They also curtailed their nightly activity and retreated deeper into the sand. As this sort of behaviour was not observed during the summer, we interpret it as pre-hibernation movement to more stable sites away from the beach where the animals can burrow deeply into the sand to lie dormant during the winter.
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Phillips, Veronica F., Brian K. Chambers y Roberta Bencini. "Habitats modified for tourism affect the movement patterns of an endemic marsupial, the Rottnest Island quokka (Setonix brachyurus)". Australian Mammalogy 42, n.º 1 (2020): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am17063.
Resumen
The quokka (Setonix brachyurus), an iconic marsupial endemic to Western Australia, is listed as vulnerable. It is found at its greatest abundance on Rottnest Island, where little is known about its home range and movement patterns. We estimated the home ranges of 22 male and 23 female quokkas within each season in four habitat types on Rottnest Island: coastal dune, grass/heath, woodland and settlement areas developed for tourism. We also tested for factors affecting home range and space use. The mean seasonal home-range size of quokkas was 1.91 ± 0.23 ha, and there was no effect of sex or weight, habitat type or wet or dry periods on the size of the home ranges. Home-range overlap during both night and day was significantly lower in the settlement (25.9%), compared with costal dunes (78.5%), woodlands (70.3%) and grass/heath (66.6%). This was due to feeding and resting sites being spatially separated, with quokkas resting outside of the settled areas during the day and travelling back to these areas to feed at night. This research demonstrates how tourism development can impact on the behaviour and movement patterns of local species and will inform future management of the quokka on Rottnest Island.
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Chaves, Lianne Pollianne Fernandes Araújo, Raimunda Alves Silva, Yuri Teixeira Amaral, Mayanna Karlla Lima Costa y Glécio Machado Siqueira. "BIOGEOGRAPHICAL DIVERSITY OF NORTH MESOREGION OF THE MARANHÃO STATE (BRAZIL)". Journal of Geospatial Modelling 1, n.º 1 (15 de diciembre de 2016): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22615/jgm-1.1-5811.
Resumen
AbstractMaranhão North Mesoregion has the highest demographic density of the state because where is located the capital, São Luís. The climate is humid or sub-humid tropical with rainfall rates around 1,000 mm / year, and suffering, this way, the mass influence of air. The coastal plain of Maranhão is subdivided into four geomorphological sectors: to the west-northwest coast, which is marked by State recesses, specifically maranhense Golfão; the east coast where dominate the fields of movable or fixed dunes; and the eltaic plain of the Parnaíba River. This study aimed to present a panorama of the North region of Maranhão State emographic density focus, economic sectors, and biological diversity. With regard to the economic sector, the northern region, one of the highlights are the Lençóis maranhenses, the main geo-touristic attractive in relation to its natural beauty and to its mysteries, rivers, mangroves, moving dunes and interdune lagoons, constituting areas of magnificent landscapes, with favorable conditions for recreational tourism. In the extreme north of the state, is found the baixada maranhense that is considered one of the most beautiful state tourist centers, characterized by extensive plains, rivers, estuaries, mangroves and flooded fields, having as highlight, the floating islands of Formoso, Lontra, Cajari and Capivari lakes, in the city of Penalva. In terms of biological diversity, the North Region is dominated by the Amazon forest, which has specific characteristics of the tropical forest. The fauna of the region is typical, with the presence of large and medium-sized animals and many arthropods already reported to the state. The vegetation comprises trees of the Amazon domain, however, is easily found plants of the cerrado biome and babassu palms. In general, the region stands out for its natural beauty and constitute an important economic center.Keywords: São Luís Island. Maranhense Amazon. Maranhão State.DIVERSIDADE BIOGEOGRÁFICA DA MESORREGIÃO NORTE DO ESTADO DO MARANHÃO (BRASIL)ResumoA Mesorregião do Norte Maranhense possui a maior densidade demográfica do Estado, pois é onde está localizado a capital, São Luís. O clima da região é tropical úmido ou subúmido com índices de precipitação entorno de1.000 mm/ano, sofrendo assim influência de massas de ar. A Planície Costeira do Maranhão é subdividida em quatrosetores geomorfológicos: a costa oeste-noroeste que é marcada por reentrâncias do Estado, especificamente o Golfão maranhense; a costa leste onde predomina os campos de dunas móveis ou fixas; e a planície deltaica do rio Parnaíba. Neste trabalho objetivou apresentar um panorama da região norte do Estado do Maranhão com enfoque densidade demográfica, setores econômicos e diversidade biológica. No que tange ao setor econômico a região norte, um dos destaques é os Lençóis maranhense, principal atrativo geoturístico no que se refere às suas belezas naturais e aos seus mistérios, rios, mangues, dunas móveis e lagoas interdunas, constituindo áreas de paisagens magníficas, com condições favoráveis para turismo de lazer. No extremo norte do Estado, encontra-se a baixada maranhense é considerado um dos mais belos polos turísticos do Estado, caracterizada por extensa planície, rios, estuários, mangues e campos alagados, tendo como destaque as ilhas flutuantes dos lagos Formoso, Lontra, Cajari e Capivari, no município de Penalva. Em termos de diversidade biológica, a região norte é dominada pela floresta amazônica, que possui características especifica de floresta tropical. A fauna da região é típica, com presença de animais de grande e médio porte e muitos artrópodes já relatados para o Estado. A vegetação compreende árvores do domínio amazônico, porém é facilmente encontrado plantas do bioma cerrado, e palmeiras de babaçu. Em geral, a região destaca-se pelas belezas naturais e por constituir um importante centro econômico.Palavras-chave: Ilha de São Luís. Amazônia maranhense. Estado do Maranhão.
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Peixoto, Bernardo de C. P. e. M., M. Gabriela Mángano, Nicholas J. Minter, Luciana Bueno dos Reis Fernandes y Marcelo Adorna Fernandes. "A new insect trackway from the Upper Jurassic—Lower Cretaceous eolian sandstones of São Paulo State, Brazil: implications for reconstructing desert paleoecology". PeerJ 8 (22 de mayo de 2020): e8880. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8880.
Resumen
The new ichnospecies Paleohelcura araraquarensis isp. nov. is described from the Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous Botucatu Formation of Brazil. This formation records a gigantic eolian sand sea (erg), formed under an arid climate in the south-central part of Gondwana. This trackway is composed of two track rows, whose internal width is less than one-quarter of the external width, with alternating to staggered series, consisting of three elliptical tracks that can vary from slightly elongated to tapered or circular. The trackways were found in yellowish/reddish sandstone in a quarry in the Araraquara municipality, São Paulo State. Comparisons with neoichnological studies and morphological inferences indicate that the producer of Paleohelcura araraquarensis isp. nov. was most likely a pterygote insect, and so could have fulfilled one of the ecological roles that different species of this group are capable of performing in dune deserts. The producer could have had a herbivorous or carnivorous diet or been part of the fauna of omnivores, being able to adopt herbivorous, carnivorous, and saprophagous diets when necessary. In modern dune deserts, some species of pterygote insects are detritivores (like Tenebrionidae), relying on organic matter that accumulated among the sand grains of the dunes during dry periods with no plant growth. The presence of additional burrows suggests that the Botucatu paleodesert would have had a detritivorous fauna like this. Based on the interpretation of the ichnofossil producers, it was possible to reconstruct the food web of this paleodesert. All the omnivorous and herbivorous invertebrates and the herbivorous ornithopod dinosaurs made up the primary consumers. These animals were, in turn, the food source for bigger carnivorous or omnivorous animals unable to feed on detritus, like arachnids, possible predatory insects, mammaliaforms, and theropod dinosaurs. The highest trophic level was occupied by larger theropod dinosaurs and mammaliaforms, which, because of their size, could prey upon a wide range of animals. The producer of Paleohelcura araraquarensis isp. nov. could have been a primary consumer if it were an omnivorous detritivore or a herbivore, or a secondary consumer if it were produced by a predatory insect or an omnivore relying on animal biomass. The description of this new trackway expands the knowledge on the faunal composition of the Botucatu paleodesert and provides insights into the ecological relationships in ancient deserts. The presence of these arthropod trackways in Mesozoic eolian deposits helps to trace a continuity between Paleozoic and post-Paleozoic desert ichnofaunas, further reinforcing a single Octopodichnus—Entradichnus Ichnofacies for eolian deposits.
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Baba Aminu, Mu'awiya, Garba Ilelah Kabiru, Dalom Christopher Simon, Andrew Nanfa Changde, Yohanna Andarawus, Musa Nengak, Frankie Ojo Balogun et al. "INTERROGATING THE EFFECTS OF SAND MINING: A CASE STUDY OF AGILA DISTRICT, ADO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, BENUE STATE, NIGERIA". FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 7, n.º 4 (30 de agosto de 2023): 317–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2023-0704-1940.
Resumen
This study is of believe that Illegal acts and discerning sand excavation/mining has become arisk to the ambiances. While theresearchrelied on personal geological observation on the mining sites, qualitative data were used from secondary literature. Using Agila’s river and coastal mining sites as a case study, the study revealed that it sparks to diversifications in river channels ways, physical ecosystem and food webs. As well it speeds up the river’scurrent and eventually eroding the river banks. Destroying the soil profile and removing the flora reduces the population of animals and eliminates habitat both the surface and subsurface resources. Sand dunes has played a vital aspect role in stoppage against heavy storms, erosion causes by some agents of transportations like winds, waves or floods. Numerous tiny habitants that are a component of the marine and coastal food chain and whose removal would pose some hazards to some other species rely on them for existence. The water tables in the surrounding areas decline as a result of sand mining, drying out the drinking water wells on the river embankments. Turbidity rises at the mining site as also the aquifers near the shore are affected by saline water intrusion. Sand mined areas loose scenic beauty, it emits radiation reliant on the component minerals, dust pollution, emits vibration/noise and it damages roads and some infrastructures. This researchinspected and reviewed the sand mining impacts on river, dune, marine, hydrological, biological and sociological environments with some case studies of the study area.
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WallisDeVries, M. F. y I. Raemakers. "Grazing impact on butterflies in coastal dunes". Annales de Zootechnie 47, n.º 5-6 (1998): 514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/animres:19980537.
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Young, Alex Trimble. "Indigenous Cosmopolitanism and Its Discontents: Decolonization and Democracy in Leslie Marmon Silko’s Gardens in the Dunes". American Literary History 35, n.º 1 (1 de febrero de 2023): 231–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/alh/ajac227.
Resumen
Abstract Over the course of the 1990s, the reception of Almanac of The Dead’s (1991) strident decolonial allegory propelled Leslie Marmon Silko to the center of debates about the future of both liberal democracy and Indigenous sovereignty struggles. This article revisits how and why Silko was cast as a representative of liberal multiculturalism by scholars who championed and critiqued US liberalism in the wake of the Cold War, and reads her 1999 Gardens in the Dunes, a novel she describes as forming, with Almanac, a diptych “about capitalism and the effects of capitalism” (“Conversations” 118), in relation to these critical debates. It argues that the conclusion of Gardens in The Dunes engages with the Western genre as an allegorical means toward situating Silko’s commitment to Indigenous sovereignty in relation to the questions about the relation among law, violence, and democracy that animate so many Cold War westerns. The political orientation that emerges from this unlikely engagement with settler colonialism’s most recognizable genre is an allegorical vision of an Indigenous cosmopolitanism committed to both decolonial struggle and the universal liberatory ideals that liberalism espouses yet inevitably betrays.Through an oblique but unmistakable engagement with the Western genre . . . Gardens in the Dunes reaffirms Silko’s commitment to a broad vision of decolonization celebrating the universal liberatory ideals that US liberalism has betrayed.
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Volkmer-Ribeiro, Cecilia y Vanessa de Souza Machado. "Freshwater sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) indicators of some coastal habitats in South America: redescriptions and key to identification". Iheringia. Série Zoologia 97, n.º 2 (30 de junio de 2007): 157–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0073-47212007000200005.
Resumen
Surveys for freshwater sponges were performed at several water bodies at sandy environments along a north-south direction of particularly the Brazilian coastal line. The results allowed for the distinction of four different species-specific environments along this coastal border. The main fact considered was the dominant or the sole recurrent occurrence of a single sponge species at one particular habitat. The first one is that of the lagoonal mesohaline habitats at the tropical and subtropical realms, indicated by Spongilla alba Carter, 1849. The second one refers to shallow ponds among dunes at the tropical area indicated by Corvoheteromeyenia heterosclera (Ezcurra de Drago, 1974). The third one is that of also shallow ponds close to the dune belt at the temperate region indicated by Racekiela sheilae (Volkmer-Ribeiro, De Rosa-Barbosa & Tavares, 1988). The fourth one is that of organically enriched environments, at the marginal areas of lagoons and mouth of small rivers, evolving towards freshwater muddy ponds and coastal swamps, not far from the ocean border: Ephydatia facunda Weltner, 1895 is the species to occupy this habitat with almost exclusiveness. The above species are thus proposed as indicators of such habitats and have their descriptions improved and that of their environments summarized. A taxonomic key based on the spicules of the four species is proposed. The results presented aim to contribute to the identification of spicules of these sponges in sediment columns recovered at the Brazilian and South American coastal area. Determination of paleo ocean borders are a present issue of upmost importance in what respects projections of timing and fluctuations of ascending/regressing sea levels.
34
Caubet, Annie y Hélène Le Meaux. "D’Alasia à Tartessos. Ivoires et autres matières dures d’origine animale". Cahiers du Centre d'Etudes Chypriotes 46, n.º 1 (2016): 157–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/cchyp.2016.1683.
35
Singh, C. S. "Study of fungi on dung of different habitats". Acta Mycologica 20, n.º 1 (20 de agosto de 2014): 95–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/am.1984.008.
Resumen
Dung samples of four animals viz., rabbit. rat, fowl and pigeon both in captivity and wild conditions were collected aseptically in sterilized bottles from different places at Gorakhpur (U. P.). These were then transfer red to Petri dish moist chambers and incubated Tor 50 days. The observations were madę on the 3rd, 5th, lOth, 15tth, 20th, 30th, 40th and 50th day of incubation. The number of fungi on dung of different animals was larger in wild condition than in captivity. Some species were common to both the conditions; a few were recorded from more animals dungs in captivity but from less animals in wild conditions and there were some confined either to the captivity or to the wild condition on Iv. In addition to these. there were still others which were found on one animal dung in captivity and on more animals dungs in wild condition. With a few exceptions in dung samples from captivity, feces of all the animals in both the conditions exhibited a similar pattern of the succession of fungi.
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Boulouis, Henri-Jean, Anne-Claire Lagrée, Thibaud Dugat y Nadia Haddad. "Les animaux vertébrés et les maladies dues à des bactéries vectorisées par les tiques". Revue Francophone des Laboratoires 2015, n.º 472 (mayo de 2015): 77–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1773-035x(15)30115-5.
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Thuet, Annick. "Les matières dures d’origine animale d’époque antique : production et produits finis". Revue archéologique de Picardie. Numéro spécial 27, n.º 1 (2010): 371–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/pica.2010.3544.
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Greene, Daniel U., Donna M. Oddy, Jeffery A. Gore, Michael N. Gillikin, Emily Evans, Shanon L. Gann y Erin H. Leone. "Differentiating Footprints of Sympatric Rodents in Coastal Dune Communities: Implications for Imperiled Beach Mice". Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management 9, n.º 2 (1 de diciembre de 2018): 593–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.3996/062018-jfwm-055.
Resumen
Abstract Identifying techniques for conducting frequent, effective, and inexpensive monitoring of small mammals can be challenging. Traditional approaches such as livetrapping can be laborious, expensive, detrimental to animal health, and ineffective. Passive approaches such as tracking (e.g., from tracks on the ground or footprints collected at a tracking station) have been shown to lessen those burdens, but a problem with tracking, particularly for rodents, is the uncertainty in identifying species from footprints. To address the need for a more accurate method of identifying small mammal tracks, we measured footprints from live-captured rodents and developed a classification tree for distinguishing between subspecies and species using footprint widths treated as having known or unknown identification. We captured rodents within or near the coastal dunes of Florida and Alabama with a focus on areas occupied by threatened and endangered beach mice Peromyscus polionotus subspp., whose populations warrant regular monitoring but whose tracks are not easily distinguished from those of some sympatric species. We measured 6,996 front and hind footprints from 540 individuals across eight species. The overall accuracy of our classification tree was 82.6% and we achieved this using only the front footprint width. Footprint width cutoffs for species identification were < 5.5 mm for house mice Mus musculus, 5.5–6.7 mm for beach mice, and 6.7–8.3 mm for cotton mice Peromyscus gossypinus. We were most successful in confirming the identity of beach mice: we correctly classified approximately 94% of beach mice, while we misclassified fewer than 6% as house mice and fewer than 1% as cotton mice. When we input a beach mouse individual into the classification tree as of an unknown species, we correctly identified 78.1% of individuals as beach mice from their tracks, and most incorrect identifications were of house mouse tracks. Our study demonstrates that researchers can identify sympatric rodent species in coastal dune communities from tracks using quantitative classification based on footprint width. Accurate identification of beach mice or other imperiled species from tracks has important management implications. Not only can wildlife managers determine the presence of a species accurately, but they can monitor populations with considerably less effort than livetrapping requires. Although our study was specific to coastal dune communities, our methods could be adapted for the creation of a classification tree for identifying tracks from suites of species in other areas.
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James, CD. "Ecology of the Pygmy Goanna (Varanus Brevicauda) in Spinifex Grasslands of Central Australia". Australian Journal of Zoology 44, n.º 2 (1996): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9960177.
Resumen
The reproductive biology, growth, movements, density and habitat use of Varanus brevicauda are presented. V. brevicauda is the smallest extant species of goanna. It is an inhabitant of the spinifex grasslands of central and western deserts and is rarely seen, so little is known of its ecology. Reproductive biology was determined from dissection of preserved museum specimens. Other ecological data were collected over three years from 111 V. brevicauda captured in pit-traps on a spinifex-dominated sand-dune environment in central Australia. V. brevicauda breed in spring when males have enlarged testes (July-November) and females are developing eggs (October-December). Clutch sizes of 2-3 eggs were found, but clutch sizes of 4-5 eggs have been reported. Eggs hatch from late January to February and neonates have a SVL of 42 mm. Sexual maturity, determined from preserved museum specimens, occurs at about 70 mm SVL for males, and 83 mm SVL for females, but small sample sizes for females make this estimate unreliable. The von Bertalanffy equation modelled growth in V. brevicauda better than logistic-by-length or logistic-by-weight equations. Parameter estimates for the von Bertalanffy equation are asymptotic body size (a) = 101.6 +/- 1.4 and characteristic growth rate (k) = 0.0029 +/- 0.0003. Males may grow to sexual maturity by their first spring at an age of 10 months, and females are unlikely to be sexually mature until their second spring at 22 months of age. V. brevicauda appear to be relatively sedentary with average displacements of 14-25 m over time intervals of up to 751 days. V. brevicauda were most abundant on the crests of sand dunes where densities were about 20 adults per ha. This abundance is surprising given the rarity of casual sightings. V. brevicauda is unusual compared with other sympatric species of Varanus because it is secretive, relatively sedentary and apparently abundant.
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Al-Timimi, Y. K. "MONITORING DESERTIFICATION IN SOME REGIONS OF IRAQ USING GIS TECHNIQUES". IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 52, n.º 3 (20 de junio de 2021): 620–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v52i3.1351.
Resumen
Desertification is one of the phenomena that threatening the environmental, economic, and social systems. This study aims to evaluate and monitor desertification in the central parts of Iraq between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers through the use of remote sensing techniques and geographic information systems. The Normalized difference vegetation index NDVI and the crust index CI were used, which were applied to two of the Landsat ETM + and OLI satellite imagery during the years 1990 and 2019. The research results showed that the total area of the vegetation cover was 2620 km2 in 1990, while there was a marked decrease in the area Vegetation cover 764 km2 in 2019, accounting for 34.8% (medium desertification) and 10.2% (high desertification), respectively. Also, the results showed that sand dunes occupied an area of 767 km2 in 1990, while the area of sand dunes increased to 1723 km2 in 2019, with a rate of 10.2%) medium desertification (and 22.9% (severe desertification), respectively. It was noted that the overall rate of decrease in vegetation cover was 21.33 km2year-1 while the overall rate of increase in ground erosion in the area is 10.99 km2year-1.
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Zhong, W., G. Wang, Q. Zhou, L. Ma, X. Wan y W. Liu. "Spatial niche partitioning of coexisting small mammals in sand dunes". Italian Journal of Zoology 83, n.º 2 (23 de febrero de 2016): 248–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11250003.2016.1139636.
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S, Asha y Vineeth Radhakrishnan. "The New Sociology of Childhood: Animal Representations in Leslie Marmon Silko’s Garden in the Dunes, Amazon’s Oh My Dog and Netflix’s Mughizh: A Cross-Cultural Analysis". Studies in Media and Communication 11, n.º 2 (22 de febrero de 2023): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/smc.v11i2.5939.
Resumen
The theory of “new sociology of childhood” and “universalism in cross-cultural psychology” highlights that children experience different childhood based on their cultural and social contexts. Children are social actors responsible for taking situations into action. Research considers children as neglected bodies in the field of children and childhood. This research paper compares Native American and Indian children’s competence as social actors, the definition of, experiences, and feelings towards animals. The objective is to show that children and animals are closely connected and that children’s childhood is based on their experiences with animals. In the children’s novel, Garden in Dunes (1999), Leslie Marmon Silko narrates the story of Indigo accompanied by Linnaeus (a monkey) and Rainbow (a parrot) which shapes the world around her. Oh My Dog (2022) and Mugzhil (2021), broadcasted on Amazon Prime and Netflix respectively, are stories based on young children who love and care for their pet dogs. Findings suggest that children’s emotions and approach towards animals are the same in both cultures but their experiences vary from one place to another.
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Dmi'el, Razi y Gad Perry. "Needles and haystacks: the location of lizard eggs in sand dunes". Amphibia-Reptilia 15, n.º 4 (1994): 395–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853894x00425.
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Plonski, Isidor Sebastian y Alexandru-Mihai Pintilioaie. "The first record of Aplocnemus jejunus (Coleoptera, Rhadalidae) from Romania". Travaux du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle “Grigore Antipa” 66, n.º 1 (30 de junio de 2023): 173–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/travaux.66.e100056.
Resumen
Aplocnemus jejunus Kiesenwetter, 1863 is recorded in Romania for the first time. An up-to-date distribution map and a summary of its currently known biology is presented, together with pictures of a male specimen collected in the ‘Marine dunes from Agigea’.
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Macambira, Dalton Melo, Keicyane Alves de Sousa y Edivânia Gomes de Assis Silva. "ANÁLISE EMPÍRICA DO PROBLEMA DAS DUNAS EM ILHA GRANDE – PIAUÍ". Revista Gestão & Sustentabilidade Ambiental 8, n.º 4 (6 de enero de 2020): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.19177/rgsa.v8e4201980-109.
Resumen
Este artigo tem como tema central a discussão e análise das causas do processo de avanço das dunas no município de Ilha Grande, localizado no litoral do estado do Piauí, Brasil, a partir de uma visão geossistêmica. O objetivo é apresentar os impactos sobre o ambiente natural e as consequências para a vida das populações atingidas, assim como as alternativas tecnológicas para a contenção de dunas, utilizadas pelas comunidades tradicionais e pelo poder público. O problema das dunas móveis no litoral brasileiro, particularmente no Nordeste e, sobretudo, no Piauí, se constitui em grave causa de degradação ambiental. O que deveria ser apenas beleza natural e fator de equilíbrio ecossistêmico tem se tornado área de fragilidade natural, agravada pela ação do homem, o que tem contribuído para elevar a complexidade do fenômeno. No caso do Piauí, as principais ações antrópicas são o desmatamento, para produção de carvão; a extração de areia e a criação de animais de forma extensiva. A metodologia utilizada foi o levantamento bibliográfico, de mapas, da legislação, de programas planos, e ações do poder público, e da sociedade, bem como pesquisa na rede mundial de computadores, documentários e matérias jornalísticas, relativo à temática. A pesquisa desenvolvida no município revelou uma iniciativa inovadora e bem sucedida para a contenção de dunas que pode servir de parâmetro para a mitigação dessa problemática em outras regiões do país. O trabalho demonstrou que existem tecnologias disponíveis que são eficazes no combate ao fenômeno.
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HAN, TAE MAN, HA SIK SIM, SEUNGHWAN LEE y HAE CHUL PARK. "A new species Agrypnus (Sabikikorius) uidoensis sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Elateridae) from the Sand Dune Shore of Ui-do Island, Korea". Zootaxa 2134, n.º 1 (17 de junio de 2009): 60–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2134.1.5.
Resumen
A new species is described belonging to the subgenus Sabikikorius of Agrypnus, Agrypnus (Sabikikorius) uidoensis sp. nov., and isolated from the sand dunes of Ui-do Island, Korea. A key to the species is given with distributional information for each species of this subgenus. Sequencing data of the mitochondrial genes encoding COI (cytochrome c oxidase I) and 16S rDNA (16S ribosomal DNA) are also provided.
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Ward, Thomas M. "Animals, Animal Parts, and Hylomorphism: John Duns Scotus’s Pluralism about Substantial Form". Journal of the History of Philosophy 50, n.º 4 (2012): 531–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hph.2012.0065.
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Ivanov, Vitaly L. "Ens: Object and Concept. Doctrine of Being in the 21st question of Quaestiones super secundum et tertium De anima by John Duns Scotus, OFM". History of Philosophy Yearbook 27 (28 de diciembre de 2022): 352–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.21146/0134-8655-2022-37-352-374.
Resumen
The article is an introduction to our translation of the 21st question from Quaestiones super secundum et tertium De anima by the Franciscan theologian and philosopher John Duns Scotus (d. 1308). This question is devoted to being as the first adequate object of the intellect and is an exemplary presentation of the central themes of Duns Scotus’ metaphysics and epistemology (first of all, the univocity of the concept of being). First, the article lists the reasons for the correctness of this text’s attribution to Scotus. Next, we explain the genre and possible context for the creation of the Questions on the Soul collection, point out their heterogeneity, and also provide arguments in favour of a relatively late date (probably around 1298–1299) for the creation of the last questions (16–23), including question 21. In addition, we describe the structure of question 21 and explain its significance in comparison with other versions of the theory of the univocity of being, especially those contained in the theological writings of Scotus. Finally, the article highlights the key metaphysical points in this text of Scotus and briefly describes them.
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Galiano, Daniel, Bruno B. Kubiak, Luciana S. Menezes, Gerhard E. Overbeck y Thales Renato O. de Freitas. "Wet soils affect habitat selection of a solitary subterranean rodent (Ctenomys minutus) in a Neotropical region". Journal of Mammalogy 97, n.º 4 (11 de abril de 2016): 1095–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyw062.
Resumen
Abstract Subterranean rodents are characterized by limited individual mobility and patchy distribution of local populations. Habitat patches where the species is absent may either be unoccupied, but suitable patches, or in fact unsuitable as habitat due to specific habitat features. In the coastal plain of southern Brazil, Ctenomys minutus (Ctenomyidae) inhabits sandy grasslands and dunes. The aim of our study was to analyze the relationship between the distribution of this subterranean rodent and its environment. We considered vegetation and soil features. Our results showed that habitat occupancy patterns of C. minutus are determined by soil moisture and vegetation (food supply), but there might be other habitat features that regulate the habitat choice of this mammal. Habitat discontinuities in the coastal plain of southern Brazil, with numerous barriers to dispersal, are responsible for restricting individuals to their natal areas. This might result in increased intraspecific competition within each population and, consequently, in inbreeding. Os roedores subterrâneos são caracterizados pela baixa mobilidade dos indivíduos e por apresentarem populações distribuídas em manchas de habitat. As manchas em que os indivíduos estão ausentes podem ser locais desocupados, porém que apresentam condições adequadas para a ocupação, ou de fato serem locais inadequados devido a algumas características ambientais específicas. Na planície costeira do sul do Brasil, a espécie Ctenomys minutus (Ctenomyidae) habita regiões de campos arenosos e dunas costeiras. O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar a relação entre a distribuição deste roedor subterrâneo e o ambiente em que ele habita. Para tal, consideramos características da vegetação e do solo. Nossos resultados demonstraram que o padrão de ocupação de C. minutus é determinado pela umidade do solo e vegetação (recurso alimentar), mas podem existir outras características que regulam a escolha do habitat deste mamífero. As descontinuidades de habitat na planície costeira do sul do Brasil, com inúmeras barreiras para a dispersão da espécie, são responsáveis por restringir os indivíduos as suas áreas natais. Isso pode resultar no aumento da competição intra-específica dentro das populações e, consequentemente, na endogamia.
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Rocha, P. L. B., S. Renous, A. Abourachid y E. Höfling. "Evolution toward asymmetrical gaits in Neotropical spiny rats (Rodentia: Echimyidae): evidences favoring adaptation". Canadian Journal of Zoology 85, n.º 6 (junio de 2007): 709–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z07-049.
Resumen
The torch tail rat, Trinomys yonenagae Rocha, 1995 (family Echimyidae), is the morphologically most divergent of the spiny rats. In this study, we evaluate the hypothesis that gaits preferentially used by this species evolved as an adaptation to the desert-like dunes where they live. We filmed spontaneous locomotion of T. yonenagae, Trinomys albispinus minor Reis and Pessôa, 1995, and Proechimys cayennensis (Desmarest, 1817) with a high-speed camera. We detected, for each of the 323 cycles of the reference forelimb recorded, the kind of gait developed, the time lags between the touchdown of each pair of limbs, and the relative velocity. Trinomys yonenagae walked twice as fast as P. cayennensis and T. a. minor using mainly the asymmetrical transverse gallop, half-bounds, and bounds, while the other two species used mainly the lateral sequence walk. Gaits changed from symmetrical to asymmetrical with increasing velocity for T. yonenagae but not for the other species. We argue that the gait pattern found in T. yonenagae is autapomorphic, that its origin coincides with the shift to a desert-like habitat, and that this type of gait confers higher adaptive value to explore resources in open areas than the plesiomorphic pattern. Therefore, we conclude that it can be considered adaptive to life in the dunes.