Tesis sobre el tema "And micronutrients"
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Burgess, Joanna E. "Micronutrients for wastewater treatment". Thesis, Cranfield University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.323932.
Texto completoSoares, Luís Henrique. "Manejo fisiológico com base em tratamento de sementes e aplicação de organominerais via foliar para sistemas de alto potencial produtivo de soja". Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11136/tde-04022014-152437/.
Texto completoThe actual soybean productivity represents about 20% of genetic potential. Thus, the exploitation of genetic characteristics has been targeted by researchers to increase crop yield. In addition, the physiological potentiation by applying biological stimulants, from seed germination to the reproductive stage of the crop, has been one of the main strategies adopted. Seeking a contribution to research on the physiological responses of soybean crop, aimed to evaluate the physiological effects of seed treatment and foliar applications of micronutrients, amino acids and hormones and how they represent in the production of the high productivity systems. Two experiments were carried out, one in the greenhouse (partially controlled conditions) (Experiment I) and other in the field (Experiment II) at the University Center of \"Patos de Minas\" (UNIPAM), \"Patos de Minas\", \"Minas Gerais\" State, Brazil, during the period of January to May 2013. Biochemical assessments (nitrate reductase, urease, catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities, lipid peroxidation and proline content), physiological (net photosynthesis) and fenometric evaluations (emergency, emergency speed index, Spad value, leaf area, growth rate of root, stem, leaf, total dry matter and leaf area), beyond of the number of pods per plant and productivity. For the first experiment, four seed treatments (control; micronutrients - Zn, Mn, B, Mo, Ni and Co; hormones - indol butyric acid, gibberellic acid and kinetin; and amino acids - glutamic acid, arginine, glycine, methionine and cysteine) with six replications were carried out in a completely randomized design. For the second experiment, six seed treatments (control; micronutrients; hormones; amino acids; micronutrients and hormones; and micronutrients and amino acids) were used in two management systems: conventional system and system for potential productivity, using growth reducer and periodic leaf applications of biological stimulants (twelve treatments with four replications in a randomized blocks design). Based on obtained results, it is concluded that: (i) the seed treatment with micronutrients potentiates the nitrogen assimilation and net photosynthesis, and increases the chlorophyll content (Spad value) and soybean plant growth rate; (ii) the use of amino acids or hormones reduces plant stress level during the initial period of plant growth and increase the dry matter production; (iii) the seed treatment with micronutrients, hormones or amino acids increases chlorophyll content (Spad value); (iv) the system for potential productivity potentiates the physiological activity of plants and, consequently, increases the number of pods per plant and productivity when compared to conventional system; (v) under system for potential productivity, the seed treatment with micronutrients is the most responsive (increases productivity in 18.5%); and (vi) under conventional system, the treatment with micronutrients and amino acids increases the productivity in 80%.
Teixeira, Natália Martins [UNESP]. "Adubação foliar de zinco quelatizado e seus efeitos na produção de capim-mombaça". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/139517.
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Com a intensificação da produção pecuária são necessários avanços no manejo e adubação das plantas forrageiras, para aumentar a produtividade e manter-se competitivo no setor. A utilização de tecnologias, como a adubação foliar com micronutrientes, torna-se uma importante ferramenta para atingir a plenitude na produção agropecuária. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação da UNESP, Campus de Dracena, em vasos com capacidade para 4 dm3 de terra, com o objetivo de avaliar a produção de massa seca, teor e quantidade de nutrientes e qualidade bromatológica da forrageira Megathyrsus maximum (syn. Panicum maximum) cv. Mombaça adubado com zinco quelatizado, via foliar, em dois solos com distinta disponibilidade de Zn. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram arranjados em esquema fatorial 6X2, sendo seis doses foliares de zinco quelatizado, e duas condições de solo (com baixo e médio teor de Zn), acrescidos de um tratamento com sulfato de zinco e dois tratamentos com coquetel de nutrientes. Foram utilizados o Neossolo Quartzarênico, distrófico, fase cerrado, com baixo teor de zinco e o Argissolo Vermelho Amarelo, distrófico, com teores médios de zinco. Nas condições em que foi realizada a pesquisa, os resultados permitem concluir que: a aplicação foliar de Zn quelatizado, coquetel de nutrientes e sulfato de zinco não influenciaram a produção de massa seca do capim-mombaça; o teor de Zn na massa seca do capim-mombaça foi diretamente proporcional à dose de Zn quelatizado via foliar, contribuindo com o fornecimento do micronutriente para alimentação animal; o Zn na adubação foliar reduz os teores de K na massa seca do capim-mombaça cultivado em Argissolo; o teor de Zn no Argissolo aumentou com a aplicação de Zn quelatizado via foliar; o teor de FDN, FDA e PB no capim-mombaça não foi afetado em função da aplicação de Zn quelatizado via foliar; a massa do sistema radicular do capim-mombaça reduziu com a aplicação de Zn quelatizado via foliar no Neossolo Quartzarênico e não apresentou efeito no Argissolo; novos trabalhos de pesquisa devem ser realizados envolvendo o estudo de Zn e adubação foliar para avaliar seus efeitos em plantas forrageiras e suas interações com demais nutrientes.
With the intensification of livestock production are needed advances in the management and fertilization of forage crops, to enhance productivity, reducing costs and remaining competitive in the industry. The use of technologies such as foliar fertilizer with micronutrients, it becomes an important tool to achieve fulfillment in agricultural production. The experiment was conducted at UNESP greenhouse, Campus de Dracena, situated 421 meters above sea level, 21 ° 27 'south latitude and 51 ° 36' west longitude, in pots with a capacity of 4 dm3 of land, in order to evaluate the dry matter production, content and amount of nutrients and chemical quality of the forage Megathyrsus maximum (syn. Panicum maximum) cv. Mombasa fertilized with chelated zinc, foliar, in two soils with different availability of Zn. The experimental design was completely randomized with four replications. The treatments were arranged in a factorial scheme 6X2, six leaf doses of zinc chelate, and two soil conditions (low and medium Zn content), plus a treatment with zinc sulfate and two treatments with cocktail nutrients. The Entisol were used, dystrophic, cerrado phase, with low zinc content and Ultisol, dystrophic, with average zinc content. The conditions under which the survey was conducted, the results showed that: foliar application of chelated Zn cocktail of nutrients and zinc sulfate did not affect the dry matter production of mombaça grass; Zn content in the dry mass of mombaça grass was directly proportional to the dose of chelated Zn foliar contributing to the provision of micronutrient for animal feed; Zn in foliar fertilization reduces the K in the dry mass of mombaça grass grown Ultisol; Zn content in Ultisol increased with the application of chelated Zn foliar; NDF, ADF and CP in mombaça was not affected due to the application of Zn chelated foliar; the mass of the root system of mombaça grass reduced with the application of chelated Zn foliar in Entisol and had no effect on Ultisol; new research work should be carried out involving the study of Zn and foliar application to evaluate its effects on forage plants and their interactions with other nutrients.
Bressy, Fernanda Costa. "Determinação de micromutrientes em amostras de tomates por tecnicas espectroanaliticas". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFBA, 2011. http://www.repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/10810.
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FAPESB
A cultura do tomate tem ocupado lugar de destaque em todo mundo. O aumento na produtividade da hortaliça provocou um aumento na utilização de insumos agroquímicos, fazendo-se necessário o monitoramento de elementos essenciais e elementos potencialmente contaminantes. Neste trabalho foram determinadas as concentrações de elementos essenciais e elementos potencialmente contaminantes em tomates das espécies caqui, itália e cereja, em cultivos convencional e orgânico, em fase inicial e final de maturação. As amostras foram coletadas em vários estabelecimentos da cidade de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil visando avaliar as diferenças nas concentrações entre os estágios de maturação, tipo de cultivo e espécie, no fruto inteiro e em suas partes (casca, polpa e semente). Os elementos estudados foram Al, Ba, Cd, Cu, Co, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, Sr, V e Zn. Após otimização do procedimento de preparo, as amostras foram submetidas à digestão em forno de micro-ondas com cavidade, usando a mistura de 3,5 mL de ácido nítrico concentrado destilado, 3,5 mL de água ultra pura e 1,0 mL de peróxido de hidrogênio. Para determinação dos elementos foram empregadas as técnicas espectrometria de emissão óptica com plasma indutivamente acoplado (ICP OES) e espectrometria de massas com plasma indutivamente acoplado (ICP-MS). Através dos resultados obtidos, foi possível comparar a concentração dos elementos estudados nos estágios de maturação, cultivo e espécies dos tomates analisados. Quanto ao estágio de maturação, os tomates em estágio final de maturação apresentaram maiores valores de concentração para a maioria dos elementos medidos, nas três espécies estudadas. Na comparação quanto ao tipo de cultivo, as amostras provenientes do manejo orgânico apresentaram maiores valores de micronutrientes e menores de elementos com potencial contaminante quando em comparação com as amostras de tomates oriundas de cultivo convencional. Em relação às diferentes espécies estudadas, observou-se que as amostras de tomate contribuem significativamente para a ingestão diária recomendada de Cr, Cu e Mn, sendo a espécie caqui a que mais contribui para a ingestão de Cu, a itália de Cr e a cereja de Mn. As concentrações dos elementos potencialmente tóxicos, encontradas para as amostras das três espécies de tomate, estão abaixo dos teores regulamentados pela ANVISA. Palavras-Chave: toma
Salvador
Santana, Gisélia dos Santos. "Estudo da associação de micronutrientes (zinco, cobre e ferro) na infecção, e ou progressão para leishmaniose tegumentar em duas comunidades rurais do Estado da Bahia". Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, 2014. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/9044.
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Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil
A leishmaniose tegumentar (LT) é um problema de saúde pública nas Américas, não somente por sua alta incidência e ampla distribuição geográfica, mas também, pela possibilidade de produzir úlceras persistentes e desfigurantes. É endêmica no Brasil, ocorrendo em ambientes florestais e extraflorestais. A detecção de áreas de alto risco para a infecção humana pode auxiliar na implementação de estratégias de controle mais eficientes nas áreas endêmicas rurais. Objetivos: descrever as características epidemiológicas, prevalência da infecção por Leishmania ssp nas populações do povoado de São Gonçalo/Contendas do Sinçorá - Bahia e no Distritode Florestal/Município de Jequié, Bahia, correlacionando os fatores de risco estabelecidos na literatura com os diferentes grupos estudados (indivíduos infectados, não infectados, e doentes) e avaliar a influencia da desnutrição na infecção e ou progressão para a doença, para isso, foram avaliados parâmetros bioquímicos como dosagem de fosfatase alcalina e ferritina, além dos níveis de metais Zn, Cu e Fe no plasma dos indivíduos.Material e Métodos - desenvolveu-se um estudo de corte transversal, através de inquérito epidemiológico, e imunoalérgico (exames intradermorreação de Montenegro/IDRM, e sorológico/ELISA). Foram cadastradas 36 famílias (170 indivíduos) de São Gonçalo e 129 famílias (480 indivíduos) de Florestal. A partir dos dados obtidos, construiu-se um banco de dados no EPIINFO for Windows, onde foram feitas as análises. Resultados. Observou-se que alguns fatores de risco apresentaram maior prevalência de infecção (IDRM+, ou ELISA+), tais como: indivíduos adultos, trabalhador rural; gênero masculino; família que cria mais de uma espécie de animal doméstico, ou que tem mais que um tipo de animal próximo à residência; domicílio próximo a matas e rios; cobertura da casa com palha; lixo no terreno; ausência de água encanada, embora não foram estatisticamente significantes. Observou-se ainda menor prevalência da infecção em indivíduos com boas condições de moradia (casa cobertura com telha, piso de cerâmica), que não possuíam ou tinham apenas uma espécie de animal doméstico em casa, quintal limpo (onde os indivíduos queimavam seus lixos), porém, estatisticamente não foi significante. Não encontramos associação de aumento do risco para infecção com os níveis dos metais, entretanto, observamos associação dos níveis de Zn com o aumento significante do risco para desenvolvimento da doença nos indivíduos do Distrito de Florestal. Além disso, foi interessante notar que houve uma gradação tanto nos números absolutos quanto relativos de indivíduos com deficiência de Zn, partindo dos não infectados (18/54 ou 33,33%), para novos infectados (11/25 ou 44%) até os pacientes (6/6 ou 100%), de maneira semelhante ao que aconteceu com os níveis de IgG nos indivíduos de São Gonçalo. Conclusões: a existência de alguns fatores responsáveis pelo aumento de casos da doença na região (falta de saneamento básico, situação econômica precária, construção inadequada das casas, convívio com animais silvestres, ou domésticos). A deficiência de Zn aumenta o risco para doença LT, mas não para a infecção por Leishmania spp;. Desta forma uma estratégia de controle para a região seria avaliar melhor os focos de transmissão domiciliar, e extradomiciliar, implantando um sistema de manejo ambiental (conhecer melhor a faúna flebotomínica, e hábitos do vetor, evitar o acúmulo de lixo e detritos que possam atrair roedores, pequenos mamíferos, e funcionar como criadouros dos insetos).
The cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a public health problem in the Americas, not only for its high incidence and wide geographical distribution, but also by the possibility of establishing persistent and disfiguring ulcers. It is endemic in Brazil, occurring in forest and around environments. The detection of high-risk areas for human infection may assist in implementing strategies for more efficient control in rural endemic areas. Objectives -.This study aimed to describe the epidemiological characteristics, prevalence of Leishmania spp, infection in populations of São Gonçalo a rural communities/Contendas do Sincorá - Bahia and Florestal (District/Jequié, Bahia), correlating risk factors established in the literature with different groups studied (infected individuals not infected, and patients) and assess the influence of malnutrition on infection and progression for disease, for that biochemical parameters will be evaluated as measure alkaline phosphatase and ferritin, beyond the levels of metals Zn, Cu and Fe in the plasma of subjects. Materials and Metholds.- We developed a cross-sectional study through epidemiologic and immunological investigation (Montenegro skin tests/MST, and serological/ELISA). 36 families (170 individuals) of São Gonçalo and 129 families (480 individuals) were registered in Florestal District. From the data obtained, we constructed a database in Epi-Info for Windows, where the analyses were performed. Results- The results showed that some risk factors had a higher prevalence of infection (MST+ or ELISA+), such as: adult individuals, rural workers, gender sex, family that creates more a domestic animal, or had more than one type of animal near home; homes near forests and rivers; cover the house with straw, trash on the ground, no running water, had a higher prevalence, although they were not statistically significant. We also observed a lower prevalence of infection in individuals with good living conditions (house with tile roof, tile floor), which lacked or had only one domestic animal in the house, clean the yard (where people burned their garbage) however, was not statistically significant. Not find association of increased risk for infection with metals level, however, we observed association of Zn levels with significantly increased risk for disease development in individuals of the Florestal District. Furthermore, it was interesting to note that there was a gradation in both absolute and relative numbers of individuals with disabilities Zn, starting from uninfected (18/54 or 33.3%), to newly infected (11/25 or 44%) to patients (6/6 or 100%), similarly to what happened with IgG levels in individuals of São Gonçalo. Conclusions - there are some factors associated for the increase in cases of the disease in the region, such as poor sanitation, poor economic situation, improper construction of the houses, living with wild animals or domestic. And that the loss of Zn increases the risk of disease LT, but not to infection by Leishmania spp. Thus a control strategy for the region would be better to evaluate outbreaks of domestic transmission and peridomestic, deploying an environmental management system ( know the sand flies species, and habits of the vector, prevent accumulation of trash and debris that may attract rodents, small mammals, and act as breeding grounds for insects).
Woodside, Jayne Valerie. "Micronutrients in hyperhomocysteinaemia and cardiovascular risk". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.388099.
Texto completoGutierrez, Rodriguez Miriam Nicole. "Evaluation of secondary and micronutrients in Kansas". Thesis, Kansas State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/32633.
Texto completoDepartment of Agronomy
Dorivar Ruiz Diaz
The limitation of an essential nutrient for plant growth can affect crop yield. Research has been focused mainly on macronutrients, nevertheless micronutrients are equally important. This thesis is divided into three studies, which had the purpose of assessing frequent questions that producers have about micronutrient fertilizers and their effect on several crops in Kansas. The objective of the first study was to summarize and analyze results from studies since 1962 until 2015 to verify responses to zinc (Zn) and sulfur (S) fertilization in corn (Zea mays), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench), wheat (Triticum aestivum) and soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr). The treatments evaluated consisted of fertilizer Zn or S application versus their respective unfertilized treatments. Zinc fertilization significantly increased corn yield; no significant response was found for sorghum, wheat and soybean. Sulfur fertilization did not increase yields on corn and wheat. The objectives of the second study were: (i) to evaluate soybean response to S and micronutrients boron (B), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), and Zn fertilizer application and to assess soil test and soybean seed and tissue nutrient concentration with fertilization. Treatments consisted of an unfertilized control, micronutrient fertilizer as individual nutrient for B, Cu, Mn, S and Zn applied broadcast pre-plant, in addition to a blend of these nutrients using two different placements (broadcast and band). Secondary and micronutrient fertilization showed no significant effect on soybean yield at any of the ten locations. Zinc fertilization showed significant effects on soybean tissue and seed Zn concentration. The objective of the third study was to evaluate soybean tissue nutrient response to micronutrient fertilizers in field strips with high variability in soil properties in the area evaluated. The study consisted of two strips (with and without fertilizer) and replicated three times. The treatment with fertilizer included a blend of Cu, Mn and Zn at a rate of 11.2 kg ha⁻¹ and B at a rate of 2.8 kg ha⁻¹. Initial soil tests B, Cu, Mn and Zn were not good indicators of soybean tissue response. Within-field variability of soybean Zn and B tissue content were affected by soil pH and organic matter; and these factors may be used to help explain field variability in plant availability. The micronutrient blend treatment showed higher tissue Zn and B values compared to the control. When pH ranged from 5.5 to 7.6, B in soybean tissue was higher on the control than the micronutrient blend treatment. Copper concentration in soybean tissue did not show significant difference between treatments at any location, regardless of pH and organic matter levels.
Marcandalli, Luiz Henrique. "Efeito residual de elementos potencialmente tóxicos oriundos de fertilizantes: qualidade dos produtos agrícolas". Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-17042014-092013/.
Texto completoDue to the presence of contaminants (Potentially Toxic Elements - EPT) in fertilizers, is the source material of PRs or the use of products which contain high levels of heavy metals, has caused much controversy and discussion. The knowledge of the fractions of the elements in the soil can indicate the availability thereof to the plants and finally subsidize fertilizer practice in a safer way. This project aimed to: (1) evaluate the dry matter production and determine the levels of P (Ni and Zn) and EPT (Cr, Cd, Pb) in the edible portion of the lettuce (leaves) and radish (roots ) in response to fertilization with phosphorus sources and zinc applied in previous crop (residual effect), (2) assess the nutritional status of lettuce and radish in relation to nutrients P and Zn fertilization under the effect of phosphorus sources and Zinc applied in previous crop (residual effect): (3) determining the residue content of available P (resin), trace elements (Ni, Zn) and EFA (Cr, Cd, Pb) extracted by Mehlich-1, DTPA, CaCl2 0 , 01 mol L-1 solution and organic acids in soils fertilized with phosphorus sources and zinc after growing lettuce and radish. Residual crops are developed with the lettuce and radishes in a greenhouse using two contrasting soils as the clay content. Treatments were applied during the cultivation of upland rice and thus will be conducted only fertilizers and basic coverage. Treatments are divided as follows: three sources of Zn (byproduct, commercial fertilizer obtained from acidulation by product and a mixture of reagents for analysis) and three sources of P (phosphate rock from Togo, superphosphate obtained by acidulation of rock and Togo a mixture of reagents for analysis) at doses of 0, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 times the recommended dose (average of 4 kg Zn and 90 kg P2O5 per ha). The analyzes carried out on the ground with different extractants and analysis of leaves (lettuce) and roots (radish) to determine the levels of potentially toxic elements present in the soil and edible parts can be concluded that the levels of phosphorous in soil and zinc increased with increasing doses of the use of these elements in the Oxisol (LVA) and Oxisol (LV), the use of organic acid solution extractants, Mehlich-1 and DTPA, led to an increased availability of metals in soil; doses increasing phosphorus elevated levels of cadmium in the soil available, but this increase did not show significant differences in the edible parts, the use of different sources and levels of phosphorus and zinc showed no significant differences in the production of plant material cultures; doses of zinc elevated levels of lead in the soil available, however this increase was not observed in the edible parts of crops, chromium has not changed with the different fertilizer levels
Trevisan, Nicole Patricia Odenheimer. "Avaliação de duas estratégias de acompanhamento nutricional e seu impacto na composição da dieta de pacientes com diabetes mellitus gestacional". Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5139/tde-23092015-111821/.
Texto completoObjective: The current study aimed the comparison of two strategies of nutrition monitoring of patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus compared to the diet composition of these patients. Method: From July 2012 to February, 2014, 55 pregnant women were monitored at the Endocrinopathy and Pregnancy Sector of the Obstetrics Clinic at Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HC-FMUSP). The inclusion criterion was: GDM diagnosed and gestational age under 35 weeks at the first nutrition assessment. Pregnant women who attend the pre-established appointments (Group 1: two assessments; Group 2: four assessments) were removed. The patients were randomized into two groups: Group 1 (initial review and final review) and Group 2 (initial review, individual guidance in two appointments with a seven to fifteen day interval and final review). In order to assess the ideal initial and final consumption of nutrients, as well as to direct the individual guidance (Group 2), the 24h alimentary record was used, followed by the assessment on the Nutrilife 8.0® program. At the initial review, both groups received the standard nutritional guidance. In order to compare the two groups, a Chi-Square analysis, Fishers exact test and a Mann-Whitney U. test were performed. Results: the two groups were similar regarding the Macro and Micronutrients at the initial review. At the final review, there was a statistically significant difference between the groups with regards to the consumption of carbohydrates, lipids and sodium. In Group 2, there was a higher consumption of carbohydrates and the consumption of sodium and lipids was lower than in Group 1. Conclusions: The individual guidance, even if assessed in a short period of time, was capable of promoting changes in the alimentation behavior of the pregnant women with regards to the consumption of carbohydrates, lipids and sodium
Ciudad, Reynaud Antonio. "Requerimiento de micronutrientes y oligoelementos". Sociedad Peruana de Obstetricia y Ginecología - SPOG, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/324130.
Texto completoRevisión por pares
Gobato, Renata Cristina 1985. "Estado nutricional do zinco e cobre após seis meses da cirurgia bariátrica". [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/309055.
Texto completoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estaduasl de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
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Resumo: A cirurgia bariátrica é considerada um método efetivo de perda e manutenção de peso, mas pode causar várias complicações nutricionais. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o estado nutricional do zinco e cobre em pacientes obesos no momento em que entram no grupo de obesidade e no pós-operatório de seis meses da gastroplastia redutora em Y de Roux. A população de estudo, composta por 36 pacientes, foi avaliada prospectivamente antes e após seis meses da gastroplastia redutora em Y de Roux. Em cada fase, o peso, altura, índice de massa corpórea (IMC), circunferência abdominal (CA), níveis séricos de proteína total, albumina, préalbumina, zinco e cobre foram mensurados. A média da porcentagem de perda de peso desde o início até seis meses após a cirurgia foi 35.34±4.82%. Dentre os micronutrientes mensurados, 31 pacientes apresentaram algum tipo de deficiência, houve grande porcentagem de deficiência de zinco tanto no pré (55.55%) quanto no pós-operatório (61.11%), no pós-operatório 8,33% dos pacientes apresentaram deficiência de cobre e 33.33% apresentaram deficiência de pré-albumina. A ingestão protéica após seis meses de cirurgia estava abaixo do recomendado (<70g/dia) em 88,88% dos pacientes. Houve diminuição na média quando se comparou as análises laboratoriais no pré e pós-operatório para proteína total (p<0,05) e pré-albumina (p<0,05). A deficiência de Zn foi frequente e apresentou alta prevalência antes e após seis meses da gastroplastia redutora em Y de Roux e, suplementos protéicos são necessários para a adequação da ingestão protéica até os 6 meses de pós-operatório
Abstract: Background Bariatric surgery is considered as an effective method for sustained weight loss, but may cause various nutritional complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status of zinc and copper in obese patients before and after 6 months of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGBP). Methods 36 patients who underwent RYGBP were prospectively evaluated before and 6 months after surgery. At each phase their weight, height, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, serum levels of total protein, albumin, prealbumin, zinc and copper were assessed. Results The mean weight loss from baseline to 6 months after surgery was 35.34±4.82%. Among the micronutrients measured 31 patients had some kind of deficiency, there was a high percentage of zinc deficiency both in pre (55.55%) and post-operative (61.11%) and after surgery 8,33% of the patients were deficient in copper and 33.33% in pre-albumin. The protein intake after 6 months of surgery was below the recommendations (<70g/day) for 88,88% of the patients. There was a decrease between the laboratory analysis pre and post-surgery on average for total protein (p<0,05) and pre-albumin (p<0,05). Conclusions Hypozincaemia was frequent and had high prevalence after 6 months of RYGBP and protein supplements are needed to maintain an adequate protein intake up to 6 months after surgery
Mestrado
Fisiopatologia Cirúrgica
Mestra em Ciências da Cirurgia
Brito, Luciara Leite. "Anemia em pré-escolares, escolares e adolescentes: relação com consumo alimentar e infecções por helmintos intestinais". Programa de pós-graduação em saúde coletiva, 2006. http://www.repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/10396.
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Estudos realizados nos países em desenvolvimento demonstram que é freqüente a coexistência de ingestão inadequada de vários nutrientes entre pré-escolares. O objetivo deste estudo é investigar a associação entre anemia e o consumo alimentar inadequado de ferro biodisponível isolado ou combinado à inadequação no consumo alimentar de cobre e/ou vitamina A. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, realizado em dez municípios do Estado da Bahia, Brasil, desenvolvido com 1.551 pré-escolares. Foram obtidos dados sobre idade, sexo, condições sócio-ambientais (utilizou-se questionário estruturado), níveis de hemoglobina (utilizou-se o hemoglobinômetro portátil) e consumo alimentar (inquérito recordatório de 24 horas). A associação entre consumo alimentar e a anemia foi verificada inicialmente por análise bivariada e posteriormente utilizando-se o modelo de regressão log-binomial. Verificou-se que o consumo inadequado de ferro biodisponível esteve significativamente associado à anemia quando ocorreu simultaneamente à inadequação de outros micronutrientes: cobre e vitamina A RP 2.0 (95% CI 1.3 ? 3.0); cobre ou vitamina A RP 1.6 (95% CI 1.1 ? 2.2), mas não quando a inadequação ocorreu apenas para ferro biodisponível RP 1.1 (95% CI 0.6 ? 2.1), quando comparados ao consumo adequado de ferro biodisponível. Observou-se proporção de consumo significativamente maior de: vegetais e frutas para os não anêmicos; leite e cereais para os anêmicos. Entre as refeições principais, mostrou-se que no jantar a ingestão de ferro biodisponível e cobre foi significativamente maior no grupo de não anêmicos, mesmo após ajuste por idade e sexo. É possível supor que entre os pré-escolares com consumo inadequado de ferro biodisponível existe diferenciais de risco importante à medida que se agregam deficiências no consumo alimentar de micronutrientes, como cobre e vitamina A.
Salvador
XXX, Jerry Maria Sojan. "Effects of probiotics and micronutrients on zebrafish skeletal development and in vitro cell culture". Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/11566/299781.
Texto completoMicronutrients such as Boron (B) and Selenium (Se) are previously known to be playing key roles in ossification process but their interactions with VD is poorly explored. Probiotics are microbes known to exert beneficial effects on the host when supplied in adequate quantities. This research thesis aim to explore the osteogenic actions of B and Se, and selected probiotics strains. Specific zebrafish osteoblast reporter lines combined with transcriptomic analysis and hFOB1.19 cell line were used to explore the mechanism of actions. MAPK was confirmed as the most regulated pathway by the B and VD synergy groups in addition to TGF-β signaling, focal adhesion and calcium signaling in zebrafish larvae. By adding low concentrations of additional micronutrients, the results help broaden the therapeutic options for treating pathological conditions caused by VD deficiency. Probiotic treatment was found to accelerate the caudal fin regeneration in zebrafish confirmed by the upregulation of key marker genes and increased phosphates found by FTIRI analysis at 5 days post amputation (DPA) fins. Furthermore, to investigate the effects of two probiotics, Bacillus subtilis and Lactococcus lactis, on osteoblast formation and extracellular matrix mineralization, we created two new zebrafish transgenic lines containing fluorescent protein coding sequences inserted into endogenous genes for sp7 and col10a1a, that display fluorescence in developing osteoblasts and bone extracellular matrix, respectively. When larvae were exposed to a BMP inhibitor, B.subtilis was the most potent probiotics in recovering the bones from the detrimental effects caused by the BMP inhibitor. Additionally, experiments on hFOB1.19 cells revealed that B.subtilis extract significantly increased ALP levels via staining, western blot, and immunofluorescence. We also confirmed the suitability of in vitro cell culture systems to test probiotic effects by using probiotic extracts instead of live cells.
Gordon, Heather Ann. "An investigation into the effects of micronutrients on mood and behaviour in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) : a pilot study using a single case ABABA design with six-month follow-up". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/11016.
Texto completoSilva, Denis Herisson da. "\"Boro em mamoneira: Aspectos morfológicos e fisiológicos relacionados à deficiência e toxicidade\"". Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-11072007-162028/.
Texto completoThe castor bean production has highlighted as one of the most promising crops in cerrado and semi-arid farmlands, as the castor oil, besides being used in several industries, presents potential for biodiesel production. This work is based in the following hypotheses: a) the production of seeds and castor oil is related with appropriate supply of boron (B), and the interval between the deficiency and boron toxicity is narrow; b) The B toxicity is as serious as its deficiency; c) the phloem mobility in this plant is low or restricted. The objective was to evaluate the effects of boron deficiency and toxicity in castor bean plants (Ricinus communis L.), utilizing doses of this micronutrient in nutrient solution, and to evaluate the phloem mobility of boron using 10B enriched compound, through two experiments: 1) doses of 0; 0.025; 0.05; 0.10; 0.27; 2.70; 5.40 mg L-1 B in nutrient solution, with analysis of dry matter weight, ultra-structural evaluations, photosynthesis and transpiration rates, and viscosity and oil content in the produced seeds. 2) Three applications of acid boron solution in leaves (2.7 mg of B enriched in 10B per plant) and in nutrient solution (1 mg of B enriched in 10B per plant) with analysis of boron isotope ratio by ICP-MS. Among the results it was verified that there was not fruit yield in plants submitted to doses of 0 and 0.025 mg L-1 B. However, the fruit yields were not affected in plants with boron toxicity symptoms in leaves. The main ultra-structural alterations showed in boron deficiency was the thickness (or swollen) of medium lamellae and the absence of starch granules. The oil contents and viscosity in produced seeds did not show differences among the treatments. The photosynthesis and transpiration rates were lower in the plants with deficiency and and there was not significant differences among the treatments with B toxicity. In the second experiment, it was verified the occurrence of boron phloem mobility to fruits from the B applied to the leaves, and low phloem mobility of boron from leaves to the roots. The application of 1 mg of B per plant in each changes of nutrition solution was shown more efficient to increase the production and B rates in plants than applications of 2.7 mg of B per plant through the foliar application. It concludes that, in this species, the boron toxicity is not as harmful to fruit production as boron deficiency and the phloem mobility occurs from leaves to fruits, but not to roots
Araujo, João Paulo Campos de. "Crescimento e marcha de absorção de nutrientes de bananeira (Musa sp. AAA), 'Grande Naine' no primeiro ciclo de produção". Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11136/tde-15072008-141025/.
Texto completoThis work consisted of the determination of the macro and micronutrients absorption march for the banana tree (Muse spp), cultivar Grande Naine during the first production cycle. Samples of rhizomes, pseudostem, leafs and later inflorescence, were taken monthly during the cycle of the culture, the cycle in the conditions of the study takes sixteen months. The rhizomes dimensions (diameter and length) had been evaluated, the plants height, leaf number, determination the fresh and dry masses of these parties. After the eighth month of start had the necessity of getting sub-samples of the analyzed parts, this operation carried manually, because the volume of the samples exceeded the capacity of the drying greenhouse. The samples had been taken for greenhouse until reaching constant masses. The macro and micronutrients analyses were made by Sarruge ; Haag (1974) method. The plants had presented initially slow accumulation of dry mass, growing accented from the tenth month after the transplantation. The decreasing order of the extraction of macronutrients was K>N>Ca>Mg>P>S and the extraction reason was 89K: 17N: 10Ca: 6Mg: 2P: 1S. The decreasing order of the extraction of micronutrients was Fe>Mn>Cu>Zn>B and the extraction reason was 41 Fe: 10Mn: 3Cu: 2Zn: 1B. The regression equations that if had more adjusted for rhizomes, pseudostem, and leafs had been the exponentials, for the inflorescence, the model that adjusted was the third degree polynomial equation. The nutrients recycling, from an adequate handling of agencies, as well as its exportation with the harvest, must be taken in consideration in any program of fertilization of the banana tree.
Bleil, Rozane Aparecida Toso. "Disponibilidade de energia e nutrientes nos domicilios de famílias das regiões metropolitanas de Curitiba e Porto Alegre". Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11141/tde-23112004-161323/.
Texto completoThe food consumption is influenced, among other factors, by the process of urbanization, agricultural policies, food availability, income distribution, adequate processing, feeding habits and marketing. In the course of this interaction, negative consequences may be observed in the state of health, such as malnutrition, obesity and chronic illnesses. The present study was accomplished using the Family Budgetary Survey (FBS-1995/1996) data base, related to the metropolitan areas of Curitiba and Porto Alegre southern Brazil. The objectives were to analyze the families accessibility to energy and the participation of macronutrients in the Total Calorie Value-TCV available in the domicile; to differentiate the protein origin (animal or vegetal); to estimate the amounts of dietary fiber, cholesterol, vitamins, and minerals at the households disposal in the referred population; to determine the food accessibility according to the extent of transformation (manufactured or in natura) and also, the participation of each food group at the families disposal, according to the daily TCV. The software Virtual Nutri (Phillippi, 1996) was used to calculate nutrient availability. Energy, macro and micronutrient recommendations by the National Academy of Sciences (2001) were adopted as parameters. The results showed that the energy and macronutrients at the disposal of these population groups may be considered adequate. On the other hand, the study revealed elevated participation of animal protein for the totality of families. Cholesterol, however, appeared to be present at amounts lower than recommended, notwithstanding the fact that this research did not take into account the food consumed outside the domicile. Considering the dietary fiber at the disposal of these families, we can infer it was insufficient. In relation to micronutrients, we observed a low availability, especially for folic acid, niacin, vitamin B12, calcium, iron, zinc, magnesium and selenium. In relation to the food groups, the participation of legumes, especially beans, on the TCV of the household of the poorest families was outstanding. On the other hand, we observed an increase in the access to meat and poultry, and milk and milk products, concordant with the rising of income, which reinforces the influence of income on food acquisition. The participation of potherbs greens did not present any meaningful difference when the income stratum and metropolitan area were considered. The participation of fruits appeared with an increasing tendency, in relation to income. There was yet the predominance of manufactured food products on the TCV for the totality of families surveyed. It may be concluded that both income and cultural habits seem to exert decisive influence on the food habits of this population. Thus, it is fundamental to search for alternatives in order to improve the habits and consumption patterns of the referred population, independent of their socioeconomical or cultural backgrounds.
Almeida, Isabela Saraiva de. "Avaliação do estado nutricional de mulheres obesas em relação ao zinco e sua associação com o estresse oxidativo e os polimorfismos Arg213Gli e +35A/C". Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9132/tde-27022014-102459/.
Texto completoThe aim of this study was to assess the nutritional zinc status and its association with oxidative stress markers and with polymorphisms in genes of SOD1 and SOD3 in obese women. The sample consisted of 60 obese women (OB) and a control group of 55 normal-weight women (CON). Blood samples and 24-hour urine were collected for analysis of zinc, malondialdehyde (MDA), urinary 8-isoprostane, antioxidant activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) were evaluated in the genes of SOD1 and SOD3 enzymes, +35A/C and Arg213Gly. Three food 24-hour recalls, including one weekend day were applied. Comparisons between groups were made by chi-square test, Student\'s t - test, ANOVA and Mann-Whitney. Associations between means of quantitative variables were performed by the correlation coefficient r of Pearson. Backward multivariate linear regression was done in order to analyze the regressions of outcome variables plasma zinc, MDA and 8-isoprostane. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was calculated by chi-square. The mean zinc intake was 6.8 mg/day and 7.4 mg/day in CON and OB groups, respectively. Concentrations of plasma and erythrocyte Zn and activity of SOD and GPx enzymes showed no difference between groups. Both groups showed a deficiency in plasma Zn. The concentrations of MDA and 8-isoprostane were higher in the CON group, whereas the concentrations of creatinine and urinary Zn were higher in the OB group. In the CON group, negative associations between plasma Zn and MDA (p = 0.002) and glucose (p < 0.0001) were observed. Multivariate regression analysis showed a negative correlation between plasma Zn and MDA. The 8-isoprostane suffered negative influence of urinary creatinine and positive influence of physical activity. Blood sugar and energy and lipid consumption showed a positive correlation with MDA. In the analysis of SNPs, were found only two heterozygous participants for the SNP +35A/C and no participant with the variant allele for the SNP Arg213Gly. It was concluded that obese and normal subjects showed Zn deficiency, which may be related to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress was higher in the control group and no association was observed between BMI and MDA and 8-isoprostane markers. It was not possible to correlate polymorphisms with evaluated parameters.
Pereira, Tamara. "Diversidade genética para o centro de origem e o teor de nutrientes dos grãos de feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)". Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, 2008. http://tede.udesc.br/handle/handle/1090.
Texto completoA collection of 112 common bean genotypes from Banco Ativo de Feijão (BAF) from Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias (CAV) were analyzed with the objective of characterize the proteic diversity of the common bean in relation to the profile of total storage proteins (SDS-PAGE), as well as the center of origin (phaseolin types), total and soluble content protein and morphology of the seed. From this characterization were selected 34 genotypes for evaluations of the content of the nutrients in the grains: calcium, magnesium, iron, total phosphorus, phytate, zinc, potassium, total and soluble protein, in two growthing seasons (2005/2006 and 2006/2007). The biochemical and morphological evaluation of the seed indicated that the 112 genotypes of common bean, mostly collected in Santa Catarina, were derived from two centers of origin: Mesoamerican and Andean. The phaseolin type "S" was the most found (58%), represented by small seeds, and the phaseolin type "T" showed 38.3% of the genotypes of the bank and were characterized like large seeds. The 100 seeds weight associated with the type phaseolin were the characteristics that best separated the centers of origin. Through the analysis of correspondence performed to profile of total storage proteins of grains, was observed a great diversity of proteins, and these were associated with certain groups of genotypes according to their frequencies. There was a low phaseolin association to the all groups, and a high association with groups of low weight molecular proteins (14-26 KDa) and medium to high molecular weight (55-184 KDa). In relation to the nutrients content of the grains, was observed genotypes that were highlighted in determined concentrations of nutrient in the grains. The BAF 36 presented high iron content (161.68 mg.kg-1), and the BAF 108 with high contents of iron, zinc, protein and total phosphorus (124 mg.kg-1, 68 mg.kg-1, 246.09 g.kg-1 and 5.34 g.kg-1 respectively), and showed low content of phytate (4.3 g.kg-1), which emphasizes the use of these genotypes for the consumption. The large diversity evidenced in the genotypes from this BAF can be used in future studies of incorporation in breeding programs, biochemical and physiological metabolism, and the knowledge of the mechanisms involved in the accumulation of these nutrients in the grain. The diversity encountered in this study is important and has to be preserved close to the agriculturist
Um total de 112 genótipos provenientes do Banco Ativo de Feijão (BAF) do Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias (CAV) foi analisado, com o objetivo de caracterizar a diversidade protéica do feijão em relação ao perfil total das proteínas de reserva (SDS-PAGE) e quanto ao centro de origem (tipos de faseolina), teor de proteína total e solúvel e morfologia da semente. A partir desta caracterização selecionou-se 34 genótipos para avaliações do conteúdo de nutrientes nos grãos: cálcio, magnésio, ferro, fósforo total, fitato, zinco, potássio, proteína total e solúvel, em duas safras 2005/2006 e 2006/2007. As avaliações bioquímicas e morfológicas da semente indicaram que os 112 genótipos de feijão em sua maioria coletados em Santa Catarina foram provenientes de dois centros de origem: Mesoamericano e Andino. O tipo de faseolina S foi o mais encontrado (58%) e foi representado por sementes pequenas; o tipo de faseolina T representou 38,3% dos genótipos do banco e caracterizou-se por sementes grandes. O peso de 100 sementes associado ao tipo de faseolina foram as características que melhor separaram os centros de origem. Através da análise de correspondência realizada para o perfil total das proteínas de reserva dos grãos observou uma grande diversidade de proteínas, e estas foram associadas a determinados grupos de genótipos de acordo com suas freqüências. Observou-se uma baixa associação das faseolinas em todos os grupos e alta relação com grupos de proteínas de baixo peso molecular (14-26 KDa) e médio à alto peso molecular (55-184 KDa). Para o teor de nutrientes nos grãos, observaram-se genótipos que se destacaram em determinadas concentrações de nutriente nos grãos, por exemplo, o BAF 36 alto teor de ferro (161,68 mg.kg-1), BAF 108 destacou-se com altos teores de ferro, zinco, proteína total e fósforo: 124 mg.kg-1, 68 mg.kg-1, 246,09 g.kg-1 e 5,34 g.kg-1, respectivamente, e apresentou baixos teores de fitato (4,3 g.kg-1), o que enfatiza o uso destes genótipos para consumo. A ampla diversidade constatada nos genótipos do BAF pode ser usada como suporte para futuros estudos, como incorporação de genótipos em programas de melhoramento e metabolismo bioquímico e fisiológico para entender os mecanismos envolvidos no acúmulo destes nutrientes nos grãos. Esta diversidade encontrada no trabalho é importante e deve ser preservada junto ao agricultor
Glosz, Cambria M. "Assessment of micronutrient status in pregnant Malawian women before and after treatment for moderate malnutrition". DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2016. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1641.
Texto completoMcLean, Erin Diane. "Effectiveness of weekly multiple micronutrients vs. two levels of iron supplements to improve anemia, micronutrient status and cognitive performance in Senegalese school children /". For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2005. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
Texto completoBetancor, Fernández Alejandro José. "Biological properties of micronutrients: antioxidant capacity and structure activity relationships". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=970026293.
Texto completoReeves, James Frederick. "The role of stress and dietary micronutrients in fish health". Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/2415.
Texto completoBirmingham, Ryan W. "TRANSPORT PATHWAYS OF SHELF SOURCE MICRONUTRIENTS TO THE SOUTHERN OCEAN". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/53728.
Texto completoBlaine, Kirsty Lana. "Development of protective films for enhancing ruminal bypass of micronutrients". Thesis, Kansas State University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/18140.
Texto completoDepartment of Animal Sciences and Industry
J.S. Drouillard
A series of experiments were conducted in which wheat gluten film forming solutions were modified by various means to produce films that would improve resistance to ruminal degradation. There was an interaction between pH and temperature, whereby low pH (pH 3) and high temperature (75°C) of film forming solution resulted in films that had highest resistance to microbial degradation. Strategies that proved unsuccessful in improving resistance to ruminal degradation included use of the cross-linking enzyme, transglutaminase; induction of a Maillard reaction; and increasing the time of heating film forming solutions. Utilizing HCl versus acetic acid as the means to lower the pH of the film forming solution resulted in poor film formation, which can be attributed to glutenin‟s solubility in acetic acid. When acetic acid was replaced with 25% HCl, however, no compromise in film formation was observed and ruminal degradability was not affected. In order to develop an economical and effective means of encapsulating lysine for rumen bypass, wheat gluten and corn zein were evaluated as encapsulation materials. Coating soybean meal with either wheat gluten or zein resulted in superior protection against ruminal degradation when compared to unprotected soybean meal. Compared to wheat gluten, zein was observed to have greater resistance to ruminal degradation in vitro. Lysine was encapsulated by the spray dry method with wheat gluten or zein. Results from an in vitro ammonia release experiment were inconclusive with respect to effectiveness of the encapsulation process. Wheat gluten films were approximately 59% degraded in pepsin solution. Our results suggest that 72% of the wheat gluten film will bypass the rumen and 59% of the bypass fraction of the film will be degraded in the abomasum. Wheat gluten and zein are suitable candidates for development of encapsulated nutrients for ruminal protection.
Widmar, Aaron. "Evaluation of secondary and micronutrients for soybean and wheat production". Thesis, Kansas State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/16224.
Texto completoDepartment of Agronomy
Dorivar Ruiz Diaz
The application of micronutrients to increase yields has become more popular with increased commodity prices and higher yielding crops. Two studies were completed evaluating secondary and micronutrient for soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum).The objective of the first study was to evaluate the response of soybean, under a double crop system after wheat, to soil-and foliar-applied macro and micronutrients. Macronutrients (N, P, K) were applied at 22 kg ha[superscript]-[superscript]1, micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Zn) were soil applied at 11 kg ha[superscript]-[superscript]1and S was applied at 22 kg ha[superscript]-[superscript]1. Plant response parameters were evaluated including changes in nutrient concentration, and seed yield response. Tissue samples were collected at the respective R1 growth stage. Samples were analyzed for the nutrients applied with the fertilizer treatments. Soybean seed yield slightly responded to soil-applied S, Mn, and Zn. When micronutrients were foliar-applied, seed yield was significantly decreased. The second study evaluated the application of S and micronutrients to winter wheat. The objectives were to evaluate the wheat response to sulfur and micronutrient fertilization and evaluate soil testing and tissue analysis as diagnostic tools. Fertilizer treatments consisted of sulfur, iron, manganese, zinc, boron, copper. All of the micronutrients were sulfate-based products and the sulfur treatments were applied as gypsum. Fertilizer treatments were applied as topdress in early spring. Soil samples were collected before fertilizer application and after harvest. Flag leaf samples were collected and analyzed for the nutrients applied with the fertilizer treatments. Significant increases in tissue concentration were observed when Zn, B, and S were applied. Significant increases in soil test Zn, Cu, B, and S were observed compared to the control treatment. Despite the increases in soil test concentration across locations, no significant increases in yield by any of the nutrients or combination of nutrients were observed.
Ventura, Marcello. "Prion protein: does N-terminal domain allow vesicular micronutrients uptake?" Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3426867.
Texto completoLa protein prionica (PrPC) è una glicoproteina legata alla superficie extracellulare della membrana tramite l’ancora GPI. Ad essa è stata attribuita la causa di alcune malattie neuro degenerative, ma la sua funzione fisiologica non è ancora stata definita. Molte funzioni sono state proposte, tra cui la modulazione di alcune vie di transduzione del segnale che promuovono la sopravvivenza cellulare e la protezione da stress ossidativo, ma l’ipotesi principale è una funzione nell’omeostasi del rame. Il rame è un micro nutriente essenziale (MNE) e tutti gli MNE sono presenti nel corpo e negli alimenti in concentrazioni micromolari; ciò può determinare facilmente una deficinza. È ormai chiaro che i sintomi da deficienza sono comuni a molti MNE. Inoltre anche le vie di assorbimento di molti MNE sono analoghe fra loro, usando vie endocitiche. Grazie a queste evidenze abbiamo ipotizzato che la PrPC possa essere coinvolta nell’assorbimento degli MNE. Lo scopo di questo lavoro è di studiare questi legami e le loro caretteristiche. Per far ciò, è stato espresso e purificato il dominio N-terminale della proteina prionica di topo (mPrP23-109). Per studiare la specificità e le caratteristiche del legame con i metalli, la proteina ricombinante è stata titolata con cinque metalli divalenti della prima serie di transizione (Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn), a diversi valori di pH utilizzando la spettroscopia di fluorescenza. Per definire se le interazioni osservate fossero funzionali, è stata effettuata l’analisi strutturale in dicroismo circolare. Per verificare la proabile interazione tra le vitamine ed i triptofani della proteina, mPrP23-109 è stata titolata con quattro vitamine, appartenenti al gruppo B, ed è stata monitorata la velocità dei fluorofori mediante l’anisotropia di fluorescenza. Infine è stata anche studiata l’interazione tra dominio N-terminale della PrPC con sistemi mietici di membrane. I nostri risultati confermano che la PrPC ha un ruolo funzionale nell’omeostasi del rame. Inoltre proponiamo che la proteina prionica, insieme con il rame, ricopre un ruolo chiave nell’assorbimento integrato degli MNE, via endocitosi.
Hofstee, Pierre D. "The Effects of Micronutrient Dysregulation on Reproduction". Thesis, Griffith University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/394321.
Texto completoThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Medical Science
Griffith Health
Full Text
CERQUEIRA, Vilma Maria Pereira Ramos de. "Anemia e fatores associados em lactentes usuários da estratégia saúde da família no município de Olinda-Pernambuco". Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2014. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/17971.
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Capes
A anemia é considerada um dos maiores problemas de saúde pública da atualidade, afetando as populações de quase todos os países, com características endêmicas em todos os grupos socioeconômicos e segmentos biológicos, constituindo-se na carência nutricional de maior magnitude mundial, com sérias repercussões à saúde. Objetivo: Estimar a frequência de anemia e identificar os fatores associados em lactentes usuários da Estratégia Saúde da Família no Município de Olinda. Métodos: Estudo transversal analítico realizado em dez Unidades de Saúde da Família do Município de Olinda. A amostra do estudo foi constituída por 98 crianças de 12 a 14 meses. Foi utilizado um questionário sobre condições socioeconômicas, demográficas, maternas e familiares, morbidades, alimentação e nutrição da criança. Medidas antropométricas das crianças e de suas mães foram aferidas, para avaliação do estado nutricional. Amostras de sangue venoso foram obtidas em jejum para avaliação bioquímica, a determinação de hemoglobina sanguínea foi realizada no dia da coleta de sangue por hemoglobinômetro portátil da marca Hemocue. A análise entre os níveis de hemoglobina e os possíveisfatores associados foi verificada primeiramente por regressão linear simples e posteriormente por regressão linear multivariada, segundo modelo hierarquizado. Resultados: Observou-se uma frequência de anemia na ordem de 23,5% e deficiência de ferro e de vitamina A de 21,3% e 14,8%, respectivamente.A deficiência de ferro esteve presente em apenas 30% dos anêmicos e em 18,8% dos lactentes não anêmicos, sem diferença estatisticamente significante. A deficiência de vitamina A ocorreu de forma similar entre os anêmicos (14,3%) e entre os não anêmicos (14,9%). Para a análise dos fatores associados aos níveis de hemoglobina dos lactentes foram selecionadas variáveis com valores de p<0,20. Após ajuste do modelo linear multivariado, os fatores que permaneceram associados às variações dos níveis de hemoglobina foram: renda familiar per capita (p=0,07), escolaridade paterna (p=0,02), cor da pele da criança referida pela mãe/responsável (p=0,05), índice peso/comprimento (p<0,001) e internação desde que nasceu (p<0,001). Conclusões: No presente estudo, a anemia, deficiência de ferro e hipovitaminose A representam um problema de saúde pública moderado, pelos critérios da OMS, indicando a necessidade de ações preventivas no grupo etário de lactentes, no âmbito da atenção básica de saúde.
Anemia is considered one of the major public health, affecting populations of almost all countries with endemic characteristics affecting all socioeconomic and different age groups, constituting the world's largest nutritional deficiency, with serious repercussions for health. Objective: To estimate the frequency of anemia and to identify associated factors among infants in the Family Health Strategy in Olinda. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study conducted in ten Family Health Units in the city of Olinda. The study sample consisted of 98 children 12-14 months of age. A questionnaire on socioeconomic, demographic, maternal and family, morbidities and child nutrition conditions was used. Anthropometric measurements of children and their mothers were measured to assess nutritional status. Venous blood samples were obtained fasting for biochemical evaluation, determination of blood hemoglobin was performed on the day of blood collection by HemoCue. The analysis between hemoglobin levels and possible associated factors was first verified by simple linear regression and subsequently by multivariate linear regression analysis using a hierarchical model.Results: Was observed 23.5% of anemia, 21.3% of iron deficiency and 14.8%vitamin A. Iron deficiency was present in only 30% of anemic and 18.8% of non-anemic infants, without statistically significant difference. A deficiency of vitamin A occurred similarly among anemic (14.3%) and non-anemic (14.9%) infants. For the analysis of the associated factors with hemoglobin levels of infants were selected variableswith p values <0.20. Variables that remained associated with hemoglobin levels in themultivariate linear regression analysiswere: per capita family income(p=0.07), parental education (p=0.02), skin color of the child reported by the mother (p=0.05), weight/length (p<0.001) and hospitalization since birth (p<0.001). Conclusions: In this study, anemia iron and vitamin A deficiency is a moderate public health problem by WHO criteria, indicating the need for action in thisinfant age group, in the context of primary health care.
Gruberger, Gabriel Asa Corrêa. "Enriquecimento de sementes de soja com cobalto e molibdênio". Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64133/tde-19052017-144600/.
Texto completoThe application of cobalt (Co) and molybdenum (Mo) directly to soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) seeds is a common practice in Brazil. However, this technique presents limitations, provoking phytotoxicity, interfering in the absorption of iron by roots, decreasing the population of nitrogen-fixing bacteria of the genus Bradyrhizobium in the seeds, and requiring an additional step in the pre-planting stage. One way to overcome these limitations would be to use seeds enriched with Co and Mo. However, there is a lack of research aimed at increasing Co content in soybean seeds, since the potential for enrichment with Mo has already been established. The aim of this study is to determine the feasibility of enriching soybean seeds with both Co and Mo and to relate the enrichment to increase in the physiological quality of the seeds. The project consists of two experiments. The first experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions, located at the Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture (CENA / USP), in Piracicaba (SP). The experimental design was completely randomized, with three replications, in a factorial scheme (4x2)+1 and (4x2)+2 of which 4 Co doses, 2 varieties, 2 application modes and the control without Co and Mo. Plants of two soybean varieties (one long and one precocious cycle) were grown in pots containing 3 dm3 of sandy soil. The following treatments of Co and Mo (g ha-1) were applied: 0 + 800, 10 + 800, 20 + 800, 30 + 800, via leaf and soil, after planting, at the R5.4 phenological stage of development. The second experiment was conducted in the field, at Geraldo Schultz research center, in Iracemápolis (SP), using only the long cycle genotype. The doses of Co + Mo used were identical to those of the greenhouse experiment; however, the application was exclusively via leaf. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with 6 replications. Co and Mo content in soil, leaves and seeds as well as indices for chlorophyll (IC), flavonoids (IF), nitrogen balance (NBI), germination and vigor of enriched seeds were evaluated by means of Accelerated Aging and computer analysis of seedlings by means of SVIS® (Seed Vigor Imaging System) software. Enrichment of soybean seeds by means Co and Mo proved to be viable, with the earlier varieties having a higher Co and Mo content in the seeds. Seed vigor was positively influenced by Co enrichment; best results were obtained with application of 20 g ha-1 of Co. Enrichment with Mo, however, had no influence on seed vigor. Application via leaf resulted in higher levels of Co in seeds compared to application carried out via soil. On the other hand, application via soil resulted in higher levels of Mo in seeds in comparison to application carried out via leaf
Almeida, Lana Carneiro. "Frequência de poliformismos relacionados ao metabolismo do folato e fatores associados às concentrações de homocisteína em mulheres de baixa renda de São Paulo". Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6138/tde-05102010-095718/.
Texto completoIntroduction Hyperomocysteinemia is a risk factor for neural tube defect and vascular and neurodegenerative diseases, and has genetic, metabolic and environmental determinants. Studies evaluating frequency of polymorphisms related to homocysteine (Hcy) metabolism and its relation with diet, lifestyle factors and plasma Hcy concentration in Brazilian population are scarce. Objectives To assess the frequency of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T and A1298C, methionine synthase (MTR) A2756G, methionine synthase reductase (MTRR) A66G and reduced folate carrier (RFC) A80G gene polymorphisms, and examine its association with dietary factors, lifestyle and serum or plasma Hcy and vitamins B12, B6 and folate among low-income Brazilian women. Subjects and methods This cross-sectional study included 609 women (21-65 years) participating in The Brazilian Investigation into Nutrition and Cervical Cancer Prevention Study (BRINCA Study), excluding cancer cases. The dietary intakes regarding the previous year were estimated using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Fasting blood samples were taken from each study participant, protected from light, immediately separated plasma or serum and storaged at -70oC. Serum folate and vitamin B12 concentrations were measured by fluoroimmunoassay, and plasma vitamin B6 and Hcy concentrations were assessed by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography. Gene polymorphisms were ascertained using the protein chain reaction-based method. Statistical analyses were performed using STATA 10.0, using a statistical significance level of p<0,05. Results Frequencies for the homozygous variant genotypes were: 6.6 per cent (MTHFR 677TT), 4.4 per cent (MTHFR 1298CC), 4.5 per cent (MTR 2756GG), 17.1 per cent (MTRR 66GG) and 24.4 per cent (RFC 80AA) of the analysed women. MTHFR 677TT genotype has been associated to higher plasma Hcy concentration and lower serum folate and vitamin B12 concentration, compared to 677CT and 677CC genotypes (p<0,005). On the contrary, women carrying MTHFR A1298C, MTR A2756G and MTRR A66G wild homozygous have presented higher plasma Hcy concentrations when compared to those heterozygous and/or polymorphic homozygous (p<0,005). The effect of a higher vitamin B6 consumption on plasma Hcy concentration was more pronounciated among smokers than non-smokers (interaction p=0.025). Among smokers, mean Hcy values among 677TT subjects were 64.8 per cent and 51.8 per cent higher than 677CT and 677CC, respectively; 1298CC subjects presented higher plasma Hcy concentrations than 1298AA and 1298AC; among non-smokers, however, 1298AC subjects showed lower plasma Hcy concentrations than 1298AA subjects. Smokers who reported coffee intake >173g/d had plasma Hcy concentrations 1.3 mol/L (12.7 per cent) higher than non-smokers consuming coffee 173g/d (interaction p=0.042). Non-drinkers women who reported be smokers showed median plasma Hcy concentrations 3.4 mol/L (35 per cent) higher than those with alcohol consumption >21.4g/d, but non-smokers (interaction p=0.008). Conclusion In this women sample with low prevalence of serum folate deficiency (5.1 per cent), lifestyle factors, especially smoking and alcohol consumption, modifie the relation among food intake, polymorphisms and plasma Hcy concentration, reforcing the health recommendations to stop smoking and moderate alcohol consumption
Baseggio, Mônica Helena. "Avaliação do consumo alimentar de gestantes portadoras de diabetes pré-gestacional pelo método do recordatório alimentar de 24 horas". Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5139/tde-11052012-131635/.
Texto completoObjective: The objective of this study was to analyze the dietary intake of pregnant women with pregestational diabetes, estimating the prevalence of deficiency or excess of macronutrients and micronutrients in the diet. Method: Thirty-nine pregnant women with pregestational diabetes were evaluated in the first prenatal care assessment in Clínica Obstétrica do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HC-FMUSP). Inclusion criteria were: literate pregnant women with pregestational diabetes, single pregnancy, gestational age less than or equal to 24 weeks. Pregnant women who present inability to understand or Record the nutritional guidance would be exclused. The women were interviewed with the application of a 24-hour recall (24 Hr) recording dietary intake information from three non-consecutive days, including one Day of the weekend. In the first prenatal assessment, we determined the nutritional status by body mass index before pregnancy, and then obtained the calculation of energy recommendations for further distribution of macronutrients in the diet of the pregnant women. The evaluation of the chemical composition of food was calculated providing data of the total energy (VET), macronutrients and micronutrients, wich were compared with dietary recommendations. Results: On the 39 pregnant women studied, there was an energy consumption lower than recommended, representing only 89% of the estimate. There was a greater distribution of daily energy intake from protein and lipid than expected and lower distribution of VET in relation to carbohydrates. There was inadequate intake of micronutrients with higher proportions of deficit of calcium, iron, copper, magnesium, selenium, potassium, vitamin B1, B5, C and folic acid. An excess of the following micronutrients was identified: phosphorus, sodium, iodine and vitamin B12. There was inadequacy of micronutrient with variable distribution between deficit and excess of manganese, zinc, vitamin A, vitamin D.Conclusions: There was a high frequency of inadequate diet in pregestational diabetic patients in terms of both total energy and the distribution of macronutrients and micronutrients
Arigony, Ana Lúcia Vargas. "Avaliação do efeito do micronutriente ferro (Fe) na viabilidade celular e estabilidade genômica de culturas celulares de fibroblasto pulmonar (MRC5) e hepatorcarcinoma (HepG2) humanos". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/78152.
Texto completoMicronutrients, including minerals and vitamins, are indispensable to DNA metabolic pathways and thus are as important for life as macronutrients. Without the proper nutrients, genomic instability compromises homeostasis, leading to chronic diseases and certain types of cancer. Cell-culture media try to mimic the in vivo environment, providing in vitro models used to infer cells’ responses to different stimuli. The review summarizes and discusses studies of cellculture supplementation with micronutrients that can increase cell viability and genomic stability, with a particular focus on previous in vitro experiments. In these studies, the cell-culture media include certain vitamins and minerals at concentrations not equal to the physiological levels. In many common culture media, the sole source of micronutrients is fetal bovine serum (FBS), which contributes to only 5-10% of the media composition. Minimal attention has been dedicated to FBS composition, micronutrients in cell cultures as a whole, or the influence of micronutrients on the viability and genetics of culture cells. Further studies better evaluating micronutrients’ roles at a molecular level and its influence on the genomic stability of cells is still required. The micronutrient focus on this thesis is Iron (Fe), which is an essential micronutrient and is required for growth, development, and normal cellular functioning. Either excess or deficiency of iron can cause oxidative stress and DNA damage Since the cell media commonly used for cell culture has a lower iron concentration than the human serum, this study aimed to evaluate the role of iron supplementation on viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, catalase activity, genome integrity and the expression of iron-bearing DNA repair proteins (TFIIH and MutyH) and proteins associated with iron absorption (CD71 and Nramp2). Two human cell lines – MRC5 (normal lung fibroblast) and HepG2 (hepatocellular carcinoma) and 2 sources of iron - holo-Transferrin (h-Tf) or FeSO4 were used. Both iron supplements were able to increase intracellular iron levels and cell viability. Iron supplementation increased the formation of ROS, but did not alter catalase activity. However, this increase was not accompanied by genotoxicity. Regarding the DNA repair protein expressions, the results suggest that 24h pre-treatment with h-Tf or FeSO4 has no role in the TFIIH or MutyH expressions. Although, in iron receptor proteins expression, the preliminary data could indicate that CD71 is priority related with Fe homeostasis while Nramp2 seems to have a secondary role. Due to h-Tf physiological role in the iron homeostasis and the less pronounced ROS accumulation, h-Tf could be a better iron supplier in vitro. Additional studies are still required to better elucidate the role of Fe in cell viability and genomic stability.
Said, Siti Norlina Md. "Problems associated with the provision of micronutrients to parenteral nutrition patients". Thesis, Cardiff University, 2006. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/55626/.
Texto completoEriksen, Kamilla Gehrt. "Maternal nutrition, breast milk micronutrients and infant growth in rural Gambia". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/271808.
Texto completoMusatti, A. "ENHANCEMENT OF SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE GLUTATHIONE AND MICRONUTRIENTS CONTENT FOR NUTRACEUTICAL APPLICATIONS". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/171119.
Texto completoCalil, Natalia Oliveira. "Síndrome de Down: aspectos epidemiológicos e alterações de micronutrientes". Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 2011. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/2079.
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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Indivíduos com síndrome de Down (SD) desenvolvem frequentemente algumas comorbidades, entre elas o hipotireoidismo, que pode estar relacionado a alterações séricas de micronutrientes. Este estudo objetivou verificar aspectos epidemiológicos e caracterizar o estado nutricional relativo aos micronutrientes em indivíduos com SD. Os aspectos epidemiológicos foram verificados por meio de prontuários dos indivíduos com SD, assistidos em Juiz de Fora (MG), entre 2004-2008. Para análise dos micronutrientes, indivíduos com SD (9,7±3,4 anos) foram distribuídos em eutireoidianos (n=10) e hipotireoidianos (n=10) e o grupo controle (8,9±2,8 anos, n=34) foi selecionado entre escolares, pareados por sexo e idade. As quantificações de selênio, zinco, cobre, ferro e magnésio no soro foram realizadas por espectrometria de absorção atômica. A prevalência de SD foi 16,6/10.000 nascidos vivos. Dos 235 indivíduos com prontuários avaliados, 50,6% eram do sexo masculino, 18,8% apresentavam disfunções tireoidianas e 31,1% eram cardiopatas. Os indivíduos com SD apresentaram níveis séricos de selênio (38,6±10,5 μg/L), zinco (64,7±11,8 μg/dL) e cobre (110,9±20,7 μg/dL) significativamente diferentes do grupo controle (49,7±10,2 μg/L; 75,2±18,1 μg/dL e 100,4±17,1 μg/dL, respectivamente). Não foram observadas diferenças nos níveis de ferro e de magnésio entre os indivíduos com SD e o grupo controle, bem como nos níveis dos micronutrientes avaliados entre os indivíduos com SD (eutireoidianos e hipotireoidianos). A prevalência de SD se assemelhou ao descrito para o Brasil e a América Latina. Alterações nos níveis de selênio, zinco e cobre foram observadas nos indivíduos com SD, no entanto, não se correlacionaram ao desenvolvimento de hipotireoidismo nesta população.
Subjects with Down syndrome (DS) often develop some comorbidities, including hypothyroidism, and this fact may be related to changes in micronutrient serum levels. The aim of this study was determine the epidemiological profile and characterize the nutritional status of micronutrients in DS subjects. The epidemiological profile was determined by the analysis of DS patient medical records, treated in Juiz de Fora (MG, Brazil), from 2004-2008. For the analysis of micronutrients, DS subjects (9.7±3.4 years) were distributed in euthyroid (n=10) and hypothyroid (n=10) and the control group (8.9±2.8 years, n=34) was selected from students, matched by sex and age. Serum levels of selenium, zinc, copper, iron and magnesium were quantified using atomic absorption spectrometry. DS prevalence was 16.6/10,000 live births. Of the 235 DS subjects, 50.6% were male, 18.8% had thyroid dysfunction and 31.1% had congenital heart defects. DS subjects had serum levels of selenium (38.6±10.5 μg/L), zinc (64.7±11.8 μg/dL) and copper (110.9±20.7 μg/dL) significantly different from the control group (49.7±10.2 μg/L, 75.2±18.1 μg/dL and 100.4±17.1 μg/dL, respectively). There were no significant statistical differences between these groups in the serum levels of iron and magnesium, as well as in the serum levels of micronutrients assessed among individuals with DS (euthyroid and hypothyroid). The estimated prevalence of DS was similar to the values described for Brazil and Latin America. Altered serum levels of selenium, zinc and copper were observed in DS, but they did not relate to hypothyroidism in this population.
Alves, Filho Anibal Sebastião. "Adição de pó de aciaria como fonte de micronutrientes e diferentes níveis de calagem em solos de cerrados cultivados". Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/7550.
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The savannas reached prominence in the development of corn (Zea mays L.), soybean (Glycine max L.) and processing tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.), Depending on the economic and social importance of these crops. The problems of acid soils and nutrient deficiency in the savannas are common in most soils, but once overcome these obstacles, the cultures exhibit satisfactory development and production. Increasingly it becomes necessary, by the dynamism that modern agriculture provides that alternative mechanisms of replenishment of nutrients to the soil are offered, due to the high cost of fertilizer and high extraction of these elements in each cycle of crops. The use of industrial waste from various sources has shown potential for agricultural use, for purposes of correction of acidosis, addition of macro and micronutrients to the soil or even physical conditioning of the soil, always under careful criteria used to avoiding the environmental contamination. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the electric arc furnace dust coming from the steel industry as a source of micronutrients in crops of corn, soybean and tomato at different levels of liming. The tests were conducted in two locations. A field experiment was conducted at the experimental farm of the School of Agronomy and Food Engineering, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus Samambaia, in Goiânia-GO, Brazil and other, in a greenhouse at Palmital Farm, municipality of Urutaí-GO, in campus of the Instituto Federal Goiano. During three years, were evaluated in Goiânia-GO, the use of steelmaking dust in corn in rotation with soybean and, in Urutaí-GO, for seven months, the tomato crop in succession with soybeans. The results in both experiments indicated that the levels of heavy metals detected in soil and leaves of the plants analyzed were below the limits considered toxic.
A região dos cerrados alcançou destaque no desenvolvimento das culturas do milho (Zea mays L.), soja (Glycine max L.) e tomate industrial (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.), em função da importância econômica e social destas culturas. Os problemas de solos ácidos e deficiência de nutrientes nos cerrados são comuns na maioria dos solos, mas uma vez superados estes entraves, as culturas apresentam desenvolvimento e produções satisfatórias. Cada vez mais torna-se necessário, pelo próprio dinamismo que a agricultura moderna apresenta, que mecanismos alternativos da reposição de nutrientes no solo sejam propostos, em função do alto custo dos fertilizantes e à alta extração destes elementos em cada ciclo das culturas. O uso de resíduos industriais, de várias origens, tem apresentado potencial de uso agrícola, para efeito de correção de acidez, adição de macro e micronutrientes ao solo ou mesmo como condicionadores físicos destes solos, sempre sob cuidadosos critérios de utilização visando a não contaminação ambiental. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do pó de aciaria elétrica (PAE) oriundo da indústria siderúrgica como fonte de micronutriente nas culturas do milho, soja e tomate industrial em diferentes níveis de calagem.Os ensaios foram desenvolvidos em dois locais. Um experimento foi conduzido a campo na Fazenda Experimental da Escola de Agronomia e Engenharia de Alimentos da Universidade Federal de Goiás, no campus Samambaia, no município de Goiânia-GO e outro, em estufa, na Fazenda Palmital, município de Urutaí-GO, no campus do Instituto Federal Goiano. Foram avaliados durante três anos, no município de Goiânia-GO, o uso do pó de aciaria na cultura do milho em rotação com a cultura da soja e, em Urutaí-GO, durante sete meses, a cultura do tomate em sucessão com a cultura da soja. Os resultados em ambos os experimentos indicaram que os teores de metais pesados detectados no solo e nas folhas das plantas analisadas ficaram muito abaixo dos limites considerado tóxicos.
Assmann, Joice Mari. "Produção de forragem e sementes de trevo branco (Trifolium repens L.) em função de manejos de corte e doses de boro". Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2009. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/253.
Texto completoFabáceas forrageiras têm sido consorciadas com poáceas em sistema de integração lavoura-pecuária, sendo o trevo branco (Trifolium repens L.) uma das fabáceas mais utilizadas e adaptadas no Sul do Brasil. A aplicação de boro tem resultado em benefícios ao desenvolvimento da planta, especialmente para as fabáceas. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da aplicação de doses de boro e da remoção da matéria aérea das plantas por meio de cortes, sobre a produção de matéria seca, produção de sementes e concentração mineral de boro e nitrogênio em plantas de trevo branco, cultivadas em um Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico. O trabalho experimental foi instalado na Estação Experimental do Instituto Agronômico do Paraná – IAPAR, localizada no Município de Pato Branco – PR, no ano de 2007 e conduzido até meados 2008. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso com parcelas subdivididas, com quatro repetições. As parcelas tiveram como tratamento doze períodos de avaliação, nas subparcelas dois manejos (corte e retirada do material e não corte da parte vegetativa), aproximadamente a cada 60 dias e, nas subsubparcelas foram alocados cinco níveis de B (0; 0,5; 1; 2 e 4 kg ha-1). A maior produção de forragem avaliada mensalmente foi encontrada no mês de fevereiro de 2008, com incremento de 79,7% com uso 3,3 kg ha-1 em relação à testemunha. A produção de MS total acumulada e MS acumulada de folha+pecíolo no manejo com corte, foi obtida com as doses de 2,6 kg ha-1 de B, apresentando uma produção de 22.287 e 18.743 kg ha-1 de MS, respectivamente. A maior concentração de B foi observada no mês de julho, apresentando uma concentração de 48 mg kg-1 de B, com uso de 2,77 kg ha-1 de B. A maior concentração de N foi encontrada no mês de novembro, apresentando uma concentração média de 30,91 g kg-1, com o uso de 3,09 kg ha-1. O maior pico de acúmulo de N no manejo sem corte foi atingido no mês de fevereiro com um acúmulo máximo de 263,36 kg ha-1, com o uso de 4 kg ha-1 de B. No manejo com corte o N total acumulado ao final de um ano foi de 650 kg ha-1 ano-1 de N atingido com o uso de 2,50 kg ha-1 de B. A maior produção de sementes de trevo branco foi obtida no manejo sem corte com uma produção máxima de 525,81 kg ha-1 de sementes, com o uso de 2,59 kg ha-1 de B. As doses de boro influenciaram a produção de forragem, matéria seca de folha+pecíolo, estolão, inflorescência e material senescente, matéria seca acumulada, componentes de rendimento, produção de sementes, concentração de B e N foliar e acúmulo de N foliar em trevo branco, sendo que as doses de 2 a 3 kg ha- 1 de boro seriam as mais recomendadas, visto que doses acima podem diminuir o potencial máximo de produtividade pela toxidez.
Legume forages have been grown together with grass forages in a croplivestock system being the white clover one of the most used and adapted legume at the south of Brazil. The application of boron has resulted in benefits to the plant development, especially to the legumes. Due to it, the aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of increasing rates of boron and the taken out of the aerial parts by cutting the forage over the dry matter production, seed production and mineral concentration of boron and nitrogen in plants of white clover, cultivated in soil Oxisol (Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico, Brazil systems). The experiment was carried out at the Agronomist Institute of Paraná (IAPAR), experimental unit of Pato Branco from 2007 up to 2008. The experiment was laid out as random block design with divided plots and four replications. The plots composed twelve periods of evaluation and the sub-plots two managements (vegetable parts cut and uncut around each 60 days), and at the sub-subplots were allocated five levels of B (0; 0.5; 1; 2 e 4 kg ha-1). The highest forage dry matter production evaluated monthly was found in February of 2008 with an increase of 79.7% using 3.3 kg ha-1 related to the control. The accumulate total DM production and the accumulate leaf+stalk DM production at the management with cuts was obtained with the level of 2.6 kg ha-1 of boron showing a production of 22,287 e 18,743 kg ha-1 of DM respectively. The highest concentration of B was observed in July, showing a concentration of 48 mg kg-1 of B with the use of 2.77 kg ha-1 of B. The highest concentrations of N were found in November, showing an concentration of 30.91 g kg-1, with the use of 3.09 kg ha-1. The higher peak of N accumulate at the management without cuts was reached in February with an maximum accumulate of 263.36 kg ha-1, with the of 4 kg ha-1 of B. At the management with cuts the total N accumulate at the end of one year was 650 kg ha-1 year-1 of N achieved with the use of 2.50 kg ha-1 of B. The highest seed production of the white clover was obtained at the management without cuts with a maximum production of 525.81 kg ha-1 of seed using 2.59 kg ha-1 of B. The levels of N influenced the dry matter production, dry matter of leaf +stalk, stolons, inflorescence and senescent material, dry matter accumulate, yield components, seed production, leaf B and N concentration and accumulate of N in the leaves of white clover, being the rates of 2 and 3 kg ha-1 of B the most recommended ones, once highest rates can decrease the maximum production by it’s toxicity.
Morris, Paul Christopher. "The water-soluble vitamin nutrition of the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.)". Thesis, University of Plymouth, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/2623.
Texto completoImtiaz, Muhammad. "Zinc deficiency in cereals". Thesis, University of Reading, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298411.
Texto completoCarvalho, Eunice Bobà de. "Efeito da modulaÃÃo da glutamina, alanil-glutamina, Ã-caroteno, zinco e do leite de cabra transgÃnico contendo lisozima humana, em cÃlulas epiteliais intestinais sob aÃÃo da Escherichia coli enteroagregativa". Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2011. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=11050.
Texto completoAs infecÃÃes entÃricas causam cerca de 2,5 milhÃes de mortes ao ano. A EAEC està associada à causa de doenÃas diarrÃicas persistentes. Este estudo analisou in vitro (IEC-6, Caco-2 e HEp-2), o papel dos micronutrientes glutamina, alanil-glutamina, Ã-caroteno, zinco, e dos leites de cabra transgÃnico com lisozima humana e controle nos ensaios de proliferaÃÃo, migraÃÃo, viabilidade, apoptose, necrose celular, adesÃo bacteriana em resposta à infecÃÃo causada pela cepa de EAEC-042 na concentraÃÃo de 2,5 x 105 UFC/mL. A cepa bacteriana de EAEC-042 mostrou reduÃÃo significativa na migraÃÃo (p<0,001) e na viabilidade celular (p<0,001) e esta aumentou a apoptose (p<0,001) e necrose (p<0,001) em resposta a lesÃo ao epitÃlio intestinal. Foi observado que os micronutrientes na presenÃa da bactÃria reduziram significativamente a apoptose e necrose ocasionados por esta, bem como reduziram significativamente a adesÃo bacteriana, alÃm de aumentar a migraÃÃo celular. Os leites controle e transgÃnico apresentaram reduÃÃo significativa da adesÃo bacteriana (p<0,001), independente da presenÃa da camada de gordura, alÃm de reduzirem significativamente a apoptose (p<0,001) e a necrose (p<0,001) ocasionadas pela EAEC-042. A anÃlise qualitativa de aderÃncia celular, considerada padrÃo ouro, mostrou reduÃÃo na aderÃncia bacteriana quando associados aos micronutrientes, comparados ao controle com EAEC-042. Nota-se a quase ausÃncia de aderÃncia em ambos os leites. Este estudo mostra a importÃncia dos micronutrientes e leite de cabra transgÃnico ou nÃo, sobre a proteÃÃo epitelial intestinal nas agressÃes bacterianas.
The enteric infections cause 2.5 million deaths each year. The Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) is associated with persistent cause of diarrheal diseases. This study examined in vitro (IEC-6, Caco-2 and HEp-2 cells) the role of the micronutrients glutamine (Glu), alanyl-glutamine (Ala-Glu), beta-carotene (Ã-Carot), zinc (Zn), and the milk of transgenic goats containning human lysozyme (M-Lyso) and their respective controls (Ctrle) in the following assays: proliferation, migration, viability, apoptosis, cell necrosis, and bacterial adhesion in response to infection caused by the EAEC-042 bacterial strain at a concentration of 2.5 x 105 CFU/mL. The effect of infection by EAEC-042 bacterial strain was evidenced by significant reduction in migration (p <0.001) and cellular viability (p <0.001); also increased apoptosis (p <0.001) and necrosis (p <0.001) in response to damage to the intestinal epithelium. It was observed that the micronutrients in the presence of bacteria significantly reduced apoptosis and necrosis caused by EAEC-042, as well as significantly reduced bacterial adhesion and increases cell migration. The control and transgenic milk abolished bacterial adhesion (p <0.001), independent of milk fat, and significantly reduce apoptosis (p <0.001) and necrosis (p <0.001) caused by EAEC-042. The qualitative analysis of EAEC adherence, considered as gold standard method, showed a reduction in bacterial adherence associated with intervention with micronutrients when compared with the EAEC-042 infection control. In conclusion, our study demonstrates the importance of intervention with micronutrients and milk (transgenic or not) in protecting the intestinal epithelial challenged by bacterial aggression.
Kass, Carl. "Micro feeding machines in the dairy industry". Thesis, Kansas State University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/38854.
Texto completoDepartment of Agricultural Economics
Allen M. Featherstone
Micronutrient machines have been used successfully in the beef industry, however, their use was mostly for the addition of antibiotics into the rations. Their use in the dairy industry has been very limited. Feed cost is over 50% of the total cost on a typical dairy farm, thereby creating an area where minor changes in cost per cow can impact the bottom line. Because of the high feed cost on dairy farms, income over feed cost (IOFC) is one of the bench marks as to the overall farm financial health. The feed rations also impact animal health incidences and reproduction efficiencies. Micro machines can add small amounts of a desired nutrient or product, generally less than 56 grams (± 2 oz) into the cattle's daily total mixed rations (TMR). These micronutrients are generally expensive, and their inclusion into the rations of only cows that need that particular micronutrient is one benefit of a micro machine. Micro machines also take out the human error of mixing small accurate amounts and can easily track inventories. Benefits also include the control of on-farm shrink through dust control, and environmental stewardship of resources. Lastly, by creating options to accurately add micronutrients, milk production may be increased and health incidences reduced. The dairy industry is a virtually an untapped field for this technology and this research will explore if there is a benefit from their use. As feeding systems have evolved and milk production has continued to climb, innovative technologies will continue to be implemented. Increased financial pressures will also continue to cause producers to become more efficient with their resources. As production increases in any field, fine tuning of inputs becomes more exact. The rumen inner workings and how feedstuff blends affect rumen micros and the pH levels is an area in which there is much research completed, however, much more is still needed. The addition of micro machines to fine tune rations for dairy farms TMR rations can be a profitable way to manage income over feed cost, not only by saving money spent on micronutrients but by increasing production and reducing herd health incidences.
Batsmanova, L. M., L. M. Gonchar, N. Yu Taran y A. A. Okanenko. "Using a Colloidal Solution of Metal Nanoparticles as Micronutrient Fertiliser for Cereals". Thesis, Sumy State University, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/35441.
Texto completoCruz-Espaillat, Grisseel A. "A Cross-Sectional Study: Dietary Micronutrient Levels in Allied Health and Nursing Students". ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/350.
Texto completoMeglia, Guillermo Esteban. "Nutrition and immune response in periparturient dairy cows : with emphasis on micronutrients /". Uppsala : Dept. of Obstetric and Gynaecology, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, 2004. http://epsilon.slu.se/v170.pdf.
Texto completoSeyoum, Teodros Alfred. "The role of micronutrients on glycaemic response, glycaemic index and energy metabolism". Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.495950.
Texto completoHelmy, Magdi Mourad Mohammed. "Salinity-fertility interaction with macro and micronutrients in maize (Zea mays) plants". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184298.
Texto completoGraham, Veronica Alicia. "Effects of Micronutrients on the status of HIV-infected African American Women". ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4788.
Texto completoMüller, Juceli. "Tratamentos de sementes de melão e os efeitos sobre a qualidade sanitária e fisiológica". Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2013. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5101.
Texto completoCucumis melo is one of the most important horticultural species representing the family Cucurbitaceae, moreover, it is the leader fruit concerning value and volume of exportation in Brazil. As in other cultures, both physiological and health quality of seeds used in the crop establishment are critical to ensure an appropriate population of plants and with high quality and productivity. Treatment of seeds is employed in order to protect them against pathogens, as well as, to accelerate and uniform their germination. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the physiological and health quality of melon seeds, cv. Gaúcho Redondo‟, treated with chemical fungicides, biocontrol agents, micronutrients and polymer. Application rates followed recommendations described by manufacturers. Evaluation of physiological traits was undertaken by means of germination, seedlings length, cold storage, germination at low temperatures, greenhouse emergence and emergence speed index tests. Health quality tests, by the other hand, were determined by Blotter test , transmission and pathogenicity of Fusarium spp. isolated from melon seeds. Treatments with micronutrients, purely or combined with polymer coating, incremented in seed germination, as well as, the emergence and the emergence speed index. Trichoderma spp. also provided a significant increase in the first count and germination. The fungicide Captan® acted efficiently on Fusarium spp. present in the seeds, though it had not been totally eradicated. This pathogen associated with melon seeds did not affect the germination process of them.
Cucumis melo é uma das principais hortaliças representantes da família Cucurbitaceae, além disso, é a fruta líder em valor e volume de exportação no Brasil. Como em todas as culturas, a qualidade fisiológica e sanitária das sementes utilizadas na implantação da lavoura é fundamental para garantir uma população adequada de plantas e com elevada qualidade e produtividade. O tratamento de sementes é utilizado para promover a proteção das sementes contra patógenos causadores de doenças e proporcionar uma germinação mais rápida e uniforme. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade fisiológica e sanitária das sementes de melão, cultivar Gaúcho Redondo, após tratamento das mesmas com fungicidas químicos, agentes de biocontrole, micronutrientes e polímero. As doses de aplicação dos produtos seguiram as recomendações dos fabricantes e as avaliações da qualidade fisiológica das sementes foram realizadas através do teste de germinação, comprimento de plântulas, teste de frio, germinação a baixas temperaturas, emergência em casa de vegetação e índice de velocidade de emergência. Já a qualidade sanitária foi determinada pelo teste de sanidade, transmissão e patogenicidade de isolados de Fusarium spp. obtidos das sementes de melão. Os tratamentos com micronutrientes, isolados ou com recobrimento de polímero, promoveram incremento na germinação das sementes, assim como na emergência e no índice de velocidade de emergência. Trichoderma spp. também proporcionou aumento significativo na primeira contagem e na germinação. O fungicida Captan® atuou de forma eficiente no controle de Fusarium spp. presente nas sementes, embora não tenha erradicado totalmente. Este patógeno, associado às sementes de melão, não interferiu no processo germinativo das mesmas.