Tesis sobre el tema "Analyse des systèmes – Simulation par ordinateur"
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Pierreval, Henri. "Analyse, modélisation et simulation des systèmes de production : application au cas d'une fonderie". Lyon 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LYO19029.
Texto completoRiyanto. "Simulation, optimisation, et analyse de performances pour les systèmes industriels d'acquisition d'images". Toulouse, INPT, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPT107H.
Texto completoDurieux, Séverine. "Analyse de performance par simulation et conception de systèmes de production robustes". Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003CLF21444.
Texto completoBouloux, Catherine. "Modélisation, simulations et analyse mathématique de systèmes hôtes-parasites". Bordeaux 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR10626.
Texto completoAlvinerie, Eric. "Contribution à l'étude des jets anisothermes plans par analyse de stabilité et simulation numérique directe". Poitiers, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996POIT2335.
Texto completoTabti, Saïd. "Modélisation macroscopique de l'écoulement du trafic aérien : une approche par analyse de données multidimensionnelles". Lyon 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO10055.
Texto completoAlliet, Marion. "Concepts et outils logiciels pour l'aide à l'analyse des résultats de simulations statiques de procédés". Toulouse, INPT, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPT004G.
Texto completoDecatoire, Arnaud. "Analyse tri-dimensionnelle de la gestion des mouvements vrillés en gymnastique : la simulation : vers un outil de formation des entraîneurs en activités acrobatiques". Poitiers, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004POIT2286.
Texto completoThe purpose is the understanding of the aerial movement's management during complex acrobatics in gymnastics using a mechanical analysis. A three-dimensional cinematographic analysis method and a simulation algorithm of aerial movement are developed, presented and validated using twisting somersaults. The concept of angular momentum transfert is clarified; its measure leads us to express an hypothesis concerning the difficulties of the beginner who perform a false twist. An original evaluation quantitative method of the contact, aerial and cat twist contributions in a twisting somersault are proposed. The upper limbs' action in the twist creation is analysed by changing the original coordination during the aerial phase. The effectiveness of the upper limbs' delaying adduction, which create twists is evaluated by considering several cases. The shoulder joint torques are calculated using inverse dynamic's method during a twisting somersault and compared with the ones obtained during the realization of same coordination without somersault. It leads reflexion elements relating to the training of these kind of movements
Heritier-Pingeon, Christine. "Une aide à la conception de systèmes de production basée sur la simulation et l'analyse de données". Lyon, INSA, 1991. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/84/01/51/PDF/1991_Heritier-Pingeon_Christine.pdf.
Texto completoNew forms of competition are leading manufacturing systems to more and more flexibility. In the case of highly automated systems, decisions taken in the design phase will have a great influence on the possibilities of the future system and also on its ease of adaptation to changes, and thus on its degree of flexibility. This work is a study of methods and tools for decision support in the design of manufacturing systems. The reader is first introduced to the scope and then to the tools and methods employed. The workshop 's model which is used as a support for the approach is then presented and the construction of a simulation plan considered These considerations are then put into a concrete form by defining an automated generation module for simulation plans which are associated to the chosen workshop model. Data analysis which is used as a knowledge acquisition method is considered a method of analysis is proposed and tested. This work was developed to explore data analysis possibilities in this field and to evaluate these possibilities on the base of numerous experiments
Lamouchi, Rihab. "Contributions à l'observation et à la commande tolérante aux fautes des systèmes incertains". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, CNAM, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CNAM1134.
Texto completoThe research work presented in this thesis focuses on the design of interval observers for fault-tolerant control of uncertain systems. The presence of faults, uncertainties and disturbances in automated systems often causes undesirable reactions. In this context, two approaches of fault tolerant control have been developed based on interval observers in the case where the faults and the uncertainties are unknown but bounded. The first approach is passive and consists in ensuring the closed loop system stability even in the presence of actuator and/or component faults. The second approach, an active one, compensates the fault effect and ensures the system stability and desired performances. These contributions are validated through numerical simulations
Alonzo, Flavien. "Méthodes numériques pour le Glioblastome Multiforme et pour la résolution de problèmes inverses autour des systèmes de réaction-diffusion". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ECDN0059.
Texto completoGlioblastoma Multiforme is the most frequent and deadliest brain tumour. Mathematics stand as an innovative tool to enhance patient care in the context of personalized medicine. This PhD showcases two major contribution to this theme. A first contribution works on the modelling and simulating of a realistic spreading of the tumour cells in Glioblastoma Multiforme from a patient’s diagnosis. This work models tumour induced angiogenesis. A numerical scheme and algorithmare used to ensure positivity of solutions. Finally, simulations are compared to empirical knowledge from Medicine. A second contribution is on parameter estimation for reaction-diffusion models. The developed method solves inverse problems by solving two partial differential equation systems with a functional constraint, without using statistical tools. Numerical resolution of such problems is given and showcased on two examples of models with synthetic data. This method enables to calibrate parameters from a model using sparse data in time
Castro, Eduardo Breviglieri Pereira de. "Método de auxílio à concepça︣o arquitetônica baseado na análise multicritério e em dados simulados dos comportamentos da edificaça︣o". Lyon, INSA, 2005. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2005ISAL0024/these.pdf.
Texto completoThe study of architectural conception shows that, during its first stages, tools are rarely used to analyze quantitatively or qualitatively the project alternatives. However, it is in these initial phases of the conception process that important decisions are taken and will deeply influence the building behavior in terms of energy consumption and ambient comfort. Therefore, it is important to have a method that can assist the designer to choose an architectural solution that will turn into a building that presents a good performance related to those criteria. This work presents an architectural conception aiding method to be used in the initial phase of a building design. It is based on a multicriteria analysis method for the ranking of the project alternatives. The considered criteria were: the thermal comfort; the visual comfort; the amount of natural light; the air quality and the electricity consumption. The performances of each project solution related to these criteria were obtained by means of simulation. The computational codes used in the research were developed within the thesis or consisted of commercial programs (TRNSYS 15). The differences between the architectural designs are given by some building parameters generally available during the sketch phase, like building orientation, wind direction, windows sizes and the type of environment climatization. The application of the method is based on general rules of behavior derived from the simulated performances of the construction. An example of the method application is presented. The architectural typology considered was a multi-story office building. The simulations were carried out considering the hot humid climate conditions of Rio de Janeiro. Both the simulation results and some tendency rules describing the building behaviors are shown, in the form of curves and graphs. Finally, a microcomputer code is presented implementing the method in the form of a computational tool to aid conceptors during the first stages of building design
Li, Ying. "Analyse dynamique des systèmes multicorps flexibles et contrôle des robots déformables". Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ECAP0464.
Texto completoLutton, Jean-Luc. "Mécanique statistique et théorie des systèmes : utilisation de méthodes de mécanique statistique pour étudier des systèmes de télécommunication et traiter des problèmes de recherche opérationnelle". Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112172.
Texto completoThe aim of this work is to use· statistical mechanics ideas for studying engineering problems. First we analyze the performance of a class of connecting networks: Clos connecting Networks with 2 k + 1 stages. We show that these networks, like physical systems, exhibit the thermodynamical limit property. We deduce analytical expressions which give values of macroscopic system performance parameters (system with loss, system with rearrangement or system with queueing) in terms of the offered traffic. In particular, we estimate probability distribution of the number of rearrangements and the waiting time distribution using the maximum entropy principle. All these analytical results give good agreements with numerical simulations. We then apply the simulated annealing procedure to some combinatorial optimization problems (travelling salesman problem, minimum weighted matching problem, quadratic sum assignment problem). In fact, we use the Metropolis algorithm to determine a quasi-optimal solution to the problem we consider. We deduce a good heuristic with better performances than other classical methods, especially for large problems. For example we obtain a "good" solution for a 10000-city travelling salesman problem. Using statistical mechanics formalism, we also estimate the asymptotic behaviour of the optimal solution
Kettal, El-Yamine El-Mahdi. "Système Expert d'Information Géographique Orienté Objet (SEIGO2) : application à l'écoulement de l'eau sur les terrains". Lyon, INSA, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ISAL0054.
Texto completoIn order to help managers in their choice between environmental planning actions, it would be interesting to build a decision support system against flood phenomena with animated visualisation for results. The flow is modelled by numeric differential equations applied to a digital terrain model which is modelled by a Delaunay triangulation. The followed approach for terrain modelling allows the system to have complete geometric models constructed with a hierarchical structure by existing generated relations between natural phenomena. In addition, a spatial database is built with an object oriented approach. Two kinds of models are used in the system (one for hydrology and the other for hydraulics). In both models, hydrology and hydraulics, there exist some models which are solved by finite differences or by iterative programs of numerical analysis. Hydrologic and hydraulic models need to be applied on geographic objects such as watershed, drainage networks and rivers. Thus, a new method for the extraction of geographic objects from any digital terrain model (DTM) has been implemented. Moreover, these models are applied only under some conditions (morphologic characteristics and soil typologies for example) and they have parameters which evolve from a situation to another. For this reason, we use an inference engine which allows the system to choose an equation with its adequate parameters. The expert system is based on the first order logic with rule production and it is developed with a symbol interpreter named the CIA system. Our system, called SEIGO2, integrates these above mentioned functionalities, and it is implemented on a SUN station. Connecting together GIS (Geographical Information System) functionalities and those of the expert system allows the user to have a set of queries and reasonings on richer data. This system could be used for domains other than water flowing: forest fire diffusion, monitoring ecologic regions, etc
Cherkhani, Rochdi. "Simulations numériques de phénomènes non linéaires dans les systèmes faisceau d'ions-plasmas". Nancy 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NAN10297.
Texto completoAidi, Maher. "Vers la planification des buts de simulation en conception dans une démarche d'ingénierie système". Grenoble INPG, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INPG0025.
Texto completoThis research task answers an industrial stake which consists in improving actors productivity implied in numerical simulation activity by the provision of knowledge that they need to carry out their tasks. The scientific works concerning the bond between design and numerical simulation are based on a calculation activity modelling in the design without taking account the simulation goals and the evolution of design methods. This research task aims at promoting the numerical simulation integration in the design process in an engineering system approach and presents a simulations management contribution to validate or verify a customer needs. For that it sets up a needs expression structuring by design methods (QFD/ AMDEC AF. . . ), ensuring a continuum until the simulation goals drafting. This structuring at the same time makes it possible to organize the simulation activity, to control the design process with respect to simulations and to ensure the steps re-use throughout the product life cycle. A methodology which allows a progressive lifting of the projects risks by the simulations use and underlines a scientific interest which is directed towards works which will share the functional models, the requirements management tools and both CAD and simulation tools
Huyet, Anne-Lise. "Extraction de connaissances pertinentes sur le comportement des systèmes de production : une approche conjointe par optimisation évolutionniste via simulation et apprentissage". Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CLF21528.
Texto completoDe, Castro Marcus Rogério. "Analyse des modes chaotiques dans un moteur linéaire à réluctance variable en vue du contrôle". Reims, 2010. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/sciences/2010REIMS016.pdf.
Texto completoThis study deals with a prototype of a linear switched reluctance motor. This kind of machine is very useful in many industrial applications that require high precision in position control. The low cost, robustness due to the very simple technology, and ability to operate in open loop direct drive, including the precise positioning over longer distances, are a few advantages. A disadvantage of this machine is the large traction force oscillation, compared with conventional machines, which generates acoustic noise and mechanical vibrations. This motor present a highly nonlinear dynamic because the discrete nature of torque production mechanism. The hard nonlinearity is mainly due to the strong dependence between translator position and air-gap permeance. Today numerical algorithms and computing resources have become very important and powerful tools in the development, simulation and analysis of dynamical systems in physics and engineering. In recent decades, new tools, such as ergodic theory of dynamical systems, have allowed easier access to the analysis of chaotic systems. The application of these methods allowed approaching from another angle the study of nonlinear control at the same time to open the door for a new driver speed/position generation. About a similar kind of machinery, some work on engines developed step-by-step, showed a lot of nonlinear phenomena. These dynamics also appear very complicated in the variable reluctance linear motor and gives rise to various open-loop behaviors described in this study
Guébert, Christophe. "Suture en chirurgie virtuelle : simulation interactive et modèles hétérogènes". Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00561061.
Texto completoSainsaulieu, Lionel. "Modélisation, analyse mathématique et numérique d'écoulements diphasiques constitués d'un brouillard de gouttes". Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991EPXX0012.
Texto completoEulerian modelization of sprays leads to convection-diffusion systems written under non conservatrice form. We show how the averaging of the Navier-Stokes equations satsified by the gas flow around the droplets and the liquid flow inside the droplets leads to a well-posed problem. The shock waves solutions of the first order non-conservative system extracted from this model are defined as the limit when the diffusion processes are neglected of solutions of the second order system. Then we solve the Riemann problem. More generally this method allows us to define shock waves solutions for a wide class of hyperbolic systems written under non-conservative form. Finally the last section deals with the numerical simulation of sprays
Ait, Hammou Oulhaj Ahmed. "Conception et analyse de schémas non-linéaires pour la résolution de problèmes paraboliques : application aux écoulements en milieux poreux". Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL10215/document.
Texto completoThis thesis is focused on the design and the analysis of efficient numerical schemes for the simulation of complex flows in porous media. First, we propose a nonlinear Control Volume Finite Element scheme (CVFE) in order to approximate the solution of Richards equation with anisotropy. This scheme is based on a suitable upwinding of the mobility which allows the negative transmissibility coefficients. We prove the nonlinear stability of the scheme, that there exists (at least) one discrete solution and that the saturation belongs to the interval [0,1]. Moreover, the convergence of the method is proved as the discretization steps tend to 0. We give some numerical experiments on isotropic and anisotropic cases illustrate the efficiency of the method. Second, we propose and analyze a finite volume scheme based on two-point flux approximation with upwind mobilities for a seawater intrusion model. The scheme preserves at the discrete level the main features of the continuous problem, namely the nonnegativity of the solutions, the decay of the energy and the control of the entropy and its dissipation. We show the convergence of this scheme. Numerical results are provided to illustrate the behavior of the model. Finally, the large time behaviour of the seawater intrusion model is studied. The goal is to identify the steady states which are the minimizers of a convex energy. We prove for the continuous problem the existence and uniqueness of the minimizers of the energy, that the minimizers are stationary states and that these stationary states are radial and unique. We give numerical illustrations of the stationary states and we exhibit the convergence rate
David, Daniel. "Prospective Territoriale par Simulation Orientée Agent". Phd thesis, Université de la Réunion, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00613002.
Texto completoBoulet, Xavier. "Articulation d’échelles en simulation de mobilité". Thesis, Paris Est, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PESC2021.
Texto completoMobility surveys and studies generally concern large geographical areas and consider extensive and multimodal transport networks. In addition, very local mobility issues, on a neighborhood scale, require special modeling and allow realistic simulation of travel and supervision on a smaller scale. Other mobility contexts call for different scales of representation of space, time, and modeled entities. This question of simulation scales is crucial in transport studies in order to best adapt the used models to the addressed problems. Some studies require multi-scale simulations in order to obtain the combined advantages of the different scales and to change the observation point of view according to the simulated area. Thus, several ad hoc solutions for specific cases exist in the literature. This thesis proposes a model and a generic tool that can be used for many cases of multi-scale simulations. The proposed solution is a middleware allowing to make two existing simulators of different scales work together with minimal modifications. The middleware coordinates the simulators and allows the execution of a correct and consistent multi-scale simulation. Experiments show that the middleware improves the relevance of the mutual corrections of the simulators and the relative ease of integration with existing simulators. When advanced scheduling of simulators is required, coordination of simulators comes at the cost of higher execution time, linked to the mutual waiting of simulations and the re-execution of certain time steps
Bouzinekis, Athanassios K. "Outils d'aide à la décision en vue de l'amélioration de l'efficacité du système de production : Cas des scieries". Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10147.
Texto completoLenoir, Julien. "Modèle déformable 1D pour la simulation physique temps réel". Lille 1, 2004. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2004/50376-2004-187-188.pdf.
Texto completoCertaines applications, comme la suture d'organe, mettent en jeu plusieurs modèles dynamiques liés ensemble. Pour ce type de simulation, nous proposons une architecture logicielle permettant de simuler des articulations d'objets quelconques (rigides ou déformables) quel que soit le formalisme physique employé pour chacun d'eux. Cette proposition logicielle trouve diverses applications notamment en simulation chirurgicale mais permet aussi de simuler dynamiquement toute articulation d'objets hétérogènes. Certaines manipulations requièrent une souplesse du modèle à des endroits précis, sachant que ces zones peuvent se déplacer lors d'une simulation, par exemple pendant le serrage d'un noeud. Pour cela, nous proposons une multirésolution géométrique et mécanique sur notre modèle qui vise à adapter localement sa résolution afin qu'il puisse s'adapter aux interactions tout en offrant des bonnes performances générales en calcul. On concentre alors le plus gros du temps de calcul sur les zones d'intérêt et on limite ce temps dans les autres zones du modèle. Un critère d'adaptation de la résolution en fonction de la courbure est proposé. Cette technique est particulièrement adaptée à la simulation de noeuds en permettant à la spline d'augmenter le nombre de degrés de liberté et ainsi en lui fournissant une grande souplesse de définition géométrique dans la zone de serrage
Rouizi, Yassine. "Réduction de modèle par identification en convection forcée pour des systèmes soumis à des conditions aux limites thermiques instationnaires : application à l'écoulement le long d'une marche avec contrôle thermique par retour d'état". Phd thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aéronautique, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00516968.
Texto completoGariah, Asven. "Réduction de modèles complexes pour la simulation et l'estimation : application à la modélisation cardiaque". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00824615.
Texto completoLabit, Yann. "Contribution à la commande non linéaire par des approches linéaires". Phd thesis, INSA de Toulouse, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00131792.
Texto completoTratkanov, Dimitri. "Méthodes géométriques et énergétiques pour la modélisation et la simulation des systèmes multi-physiques en génie électrique". Thesis, Compiègne, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020COMP2562.
Texto completoThis PhD thesis deals with modeling and computational methods for the design of multi-physical devices in the context of Model-Based System Engineering (MBSE). The proposed methods are based on geometric and topological tools (differential and algebraic topology) as well as duality theory (energetic and differential forms) and advanced discretization and meshing techniques (Delaunay- Voroinoi mesh and computer graphics tools). Analogies so useful in multi-physics modeling are widely used in this work through Tonti's perspective and diagrams. Several standard approaches to engineering modelling are extended and complemented by machine learning and clustering algorithms to provide innovative methods for modeling, simulation and model order reduction. The main contribution of this work concerns a new concept of automated generation of lumped parameter (LP) models from field computations. The results of the field calculations are obtained with a cochain method inspired by the Discrete External Calculus and the Tonti's Cell-Method. This thesis proposes an original approach which generates a LP model and applies at the same time a model order reduction. The two objectives, the automatic generation of the LP model and the model reduction, are based on a topological analysis of the physical problem and Artificial Intelligence clustering algorithms. The final objective of this work is to propose a multi-scale model that can simplify the modeling and simulation of multi-physical devices. This multi-scale model should be suitable for both: solution analysis (computation of fields with the cochain model) and design, optimization, control synthesis (computation of physical quantities in a network of components with the LP model). Field computations are illustrated on a weakly coupled multi-physical case: Electrokinetic, then thermal, and finally mechanical field are computed. Model order reduction and automatic LP generation are illustrated on a magnetostatic case (based on an electromagnetic device): the magnetic H and B fields are calculated using the cochain method, then a reduced reluctance network is automatically generated from the field results. In this example, the number of degrees of freedom is almost reduced by a factor of one hundred
Polizzi, Bastien. "Modélisation et simulations numériques pour des systèmes de la mécanique des fluides avec contraintes : application à la biologie et au trafic routier". Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AZUR4069/document.
Texto completoThis thesis is devoted to the study of partial differential equation systems. In particular, we are interested in constrained systems coming from the fluid mechanics field which allow to describe, in time and space, physical quantities such as density or speed. In this context we build models for biology: modeling of the growth of micro-algae biofilms and modeling of the large intestine and its mucus layer. These models are then tested numerically using numerical schemes specifically developed for these models. This thesis is supplemented with a numerical study of Aw-Rascle model with constraint for road traffic
Mtimet, Habib. "Analyse fréquentielle d'image pour une résolution subpixel : Etude d'un système nanolidar appliqué à la localisation des défauts dans les composants III-V". Montpellier 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON20018.
Texto completoMichaud, Pierre-Yohan. "Distorsions des systèmes de reproduction musicale : Protocole de caractérisation perceptive". Phd thesis, Aix-Marseille Université, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00806288.
Texto completoSorriano, Claire. "Contribution à la modélisation de la corrosion microstructurale des alliages d'aluminium : simulation numérique et vérification expérimentale sur systèmes modèles". Thesis, Dijon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012DIJOS066/document.
Texto completoIn literature, localized corrosion of aluminum alloys has been qualitatively related to the role of microstructure, intermetallic phases (IM) in particular, which induces sensitization to localized corrosion of aluminum alloys containing copper, for example. But modeling effort is needed to go further in the development of new testing methods.The objective of this work is to study and model on very simplified metallurgical systems, the effects of coupling between chemical and electrochemical reactions that are not taken into account in the analysis of conventional tests.The damage induced by the microstructural corrosion initiation has been numerically simulated by resolution, by the finite element method, of the Nernst-Planck equation describing the mass transport phenomena and reactions of chemical species in solution.Behavior in non-chlorinated medium of three combinations where the couple IM (cathode) / Al matrix (anode) has been assumed to be close from a Copper / Aluminium couple has been studied, mimicking the selective dissolution of S or θ phases present in copper alloys leading to a surface copper enrichment. Validation of the model "AlOH3" defined in this study, was based on the measurement of the corrosion rate of the anode for the three model systems which were tested.In terms of mechanisms, the comparison of the experimental results of the numerical simulation clearly highlights that the initiation of the dissolution of the anode requires a change in the local pH, and therefore the local depassivation of the surface aluminum by a chemical effect is the triggering element of the electrical coupling.To transfer this numerical approach to an industrial application and simulate successively, the initiation and the propagation of intergranular corrosion, it remains, for initiation to introduce the effects of interaction between phases and for propagation to build, from this numerical model, a robust model in confined and deaerated environment which must comply with the rules imposed by the physical size of the system as defined by the grain boundary
Issad, Melissa. "Rétro-ingénierie de Spécifications Système : application aux systèmes ferroviaires de Siemens". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLC024.
Texto completoAs of today, the complexity of transportation systems and especially railways is continuously growing. Indeed, new technologies and needs of major metropolitan areas constrain system designers to integrate more and more functionalities. Traditional methods for the design of systems are mainly based on the knowledge of experts. Systems are specified in several documents, of hundreds of pages each. These documents provide a general description of the requirements, functionalities and sub-systems, and are written in a natural language. This is error-prone and source of ambiguities. Model-based systems engineering proposes systematic solutions to structure and specify systems architectures. In this thesis, we propose a reverse engineering approach that is able to capture systems concepts. This leads us to propose ScOLa, a scenario-oriented modeling language for systems specifications with the following features:- A scenario-oriented approach to provide a more contextual view of the system, at several abstraction levels.- A co-construction of the architecture and behavior of the system in the same model.- The use of ScOLa for a seamless integration of system specification and safety analysis. We propose ascenario-oriented methodology for safety analysis, implemented using AltaRica 3.0
Lamouchi, Rihab. "Contributions à l'observation et à la commande tolérante aux fautes des systèmes incertains". Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CNAM1134/document.
Texto completoThe research work presented in this thesis focuses on the design of interval observers for fault-tolerant control of uncertain systems. The presence of faults, uncertainties and disturbances in automated systems often causes undesirable reactions. In this context, two approaches of fault tolerant control have been developed based on interval observers in the case where the faults and the uncertainties are unknown but bounded. The first approach is passive and consists in ensuring the closed loop system stability even in the presence of actuator and/or component faults. The second approach, an active one, compensates the fault effect and ensures the system stability and desired performances. These contributions are validated through numerical simulations
Comas, Olivier. "Real-time Soft Tissue Modelling on GPU for Medical Simulation". Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00561299.
Texto completoOlivier, Pierre. "Modélisation et analyse du comportement dynamique d'un système d'électrolyse PEM soumis à des sollicitations intermittentes : Approche Bond Graph". Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL10212/document.
Texto completoPEM Electrolysis is a technology which to enable to face two major challenges : (i) Fulfill the need of energy storage caused by the integration of intermittent energy sources on electricity networks; (ii) Cope with the growing need of carbon free hydrogen caused by the future market applications of hydrogen energy. These particular needs, regarding electrolysis technology development, involve an intermittent operating mode which impacts on the dynamic behavior of the system remain unknown. Modelling is a critical tool to understand these issues and provide a thorough analysis. State of the art of existing modelling works highlighted that only a few models take into account the dynamic of the whole system including Balance of Plant. Therefore a new dynamic and multiphysic model was developed under Bond Graph formalism. This graphical modelling formalism was selected especially thanks to its ability to represent any kind of power exchange in a unified way. The model enables to represent the whole system including balance of plant and associated control laws. It is validated on the dynamic behavior of an experimental device available in CEA. The model is then used in order to identify and understand the issues related to intermittent operation of a PEM electrolysis system. These issues are related to system efficiency, flexibility, reliability, safety and durability. Regarding these issues, some design changes are simulated and assessed. Finally, the Bond Graph model and its structural properties enable to perform diagnosis and monitorability analyses of a PEM electrolysis system
Pinaud, Olivier. "Analyse mathématique et numérique de quelques problèmes de transport dans les nanostructures". Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30104.
Texto completoLagacherie, Philippe. "Formalisation des lois de distribution des sols pour automatiser la cartographie pédologique à partir d'un secteur pris comme référence : cas de la petite région naturelle Moyenne Vallée de l'Hérault". Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20266.
Texto completoFadi, Abdallah el. "Spécification comportementale temporelle dans un simulateur multi-niveaux". Grenoble INPG, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988INPG0039.
Texto completoMartin, Michel Camille Eugène. "Pourquoi et comment rendre pédagogique la communication technique". Lille 1, 2003. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2003/50377-2003-35.pdf.
Texto completoHeyer, Laurent. "L'interaction patient-ventilateur : application technique d'une analyse biologique". Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GRE10184.
Texto completoOptimal Patient/Ventilator Interactions (PVI) is a determinant factor for pressure support therapy. We studied the hybrid system {Patient, Ventilator} in order to develop a clinical tool for PVI monitoring. In the first part, we described IPV as the expression of a local communication in a biological network. PVI reflect the communication process trough the respiratory system between a biological oscillator and a mechanical oscillator. This biological approach allows application of Shannon theory for the development of a de-synchronization score and the definition of an appropriate inspiratory muscle effort detector. For this purpose, we developed an automatic non-invasive detector based on a robust muscular pressure estimates continuously assessed with the help of passive mechanical respiratory models updated cycle by cycle. In the second part, we assessed these developments in patients under pressure support ventilation. The de-synchronization score was increased as the transmission channel was altered by additional noise or as the information source, the inspiratory effort, was decreased. An automatic titration of IPV by a de-synchronization score that assess channel transmission efficiency or by an inspiratory muscle effort detector that assess message generator efficiency might be helpful for respiratory function monitoring in patients under pressure support
Copie, Guillaume. "Modélisation multi-échelle de l'auto-assemblage de nanostructures sur surfaces". Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10142/document.
Texto completoThe development of computer simulation methods allows to model physical systems of ever growing complexity, and to study their behavior over unprecedentedly large scales of time and length, by applying a multi-scale strategy.In the framework of this thesis, we firstly studied the self-organization of three dif- ferent kinds of organic aromatic molecules (THBB, TBBB, TCNBB) on a boron-doped semi-conductor surface, (Si:B(111)), by means of different numerical simulation methods. Empirical molecular dynamics, metadynamics and Monte Carlo simulations were adequa- tely combined, in order to explore the multi-scale behavior of such systems, allowing to elucidate the role of weak intermolecular and molecule-surface interactions, in the struc- ture and stability of the resulting bi-dimensional supramolecular lattices. In particular, for the TCNBB molecule a kinetic pathway has been demonstrated, which may lead to the coexistence of phases with different symmetry on the surface. In all cases, an excellent agreement with experiments was demonstrated.In a second part of this thesis, we studied the behavior of dense layers of molecules chemisorbed at the surface of nanometer-sized Au particles, in driving their self-assembly. Two kind of molecules, AzBT and MUDA, were studied. For the first one, the response of the junctions formed between the adjoining Au nanoparticles has been shown to de- pend on the conformation of the molecules, in their cis or trans form. This allowed to propose microscopic explanations for the experimentally observed electronic behavior of the junctions. For the second molecule, we studied the mechanical response of the self- assembled Au nanoparticle layers subject to a compressive load, leading to an estimate of the effective Young’s modulus of the nanostructure
Loubier, Éloïse. "Analyse et visualisation de données relationnelles par morphing de graphe prenant en compte la dimension temporelle". Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2264/.
Texto completoWith word wide exchanges, companies must face increasingly strong competition and masses of information flows. They have to remain continuously informed about innovations, competition strategies and markets and at the same time they have to keep the control of their environment. The Internet development and globalization reinforced this requirement and on the other hand provided means to collect information. Once summarized and synthesized, information generally is under a relational form. To analyze such a data, graph visualization brings a relevant mean to users to interpret a form of knowledge which would have been difficult to understand otherwise. The research we have carried out results in designing graphical techniques that allow understanding human activities, their interactions but also their evolution, from the decisional point of view. We also designed a tool that combines ease of use and analysis precision. It is based on two types of complementary visualizations: statics and dynamics. The static aspect of our visualization model rests on a representation space in which the precepts of the graph theory are applied. Specific semiologies such as the choice of representation forms, granularity, and significant colors allow better and precise visualizations of the data set. The user being a core component of our model, our work rests on the specification of new types of functionalities, which support the detection and the analysis of graph structures. We propose algorithms which make it possible to target the role of the data within the structure, to analyze their environment, such as the filtering tool, the k-core, and the transitivity, to go back to the documents, and to give focus on the structural specificities. One of the main characteristics of strategic data is their strong evolution. However the statistical analysis does not make it possible to study this component, to anticipate the incurred risks, to identify the origin of a trend, and to observe the actors or terms having a decisive role in the evolution structures. With regard to dynamic graphs, our major contribution is to represent relational and temporal data at the same time; which is called graph morphing. The objective is to emphasize the significant tendencies considering the representation of a graph that includes all the periods and then by carrying out an animation between successive visualizations of the graphs attached to each period. This process makes it possible to identify structures or events, to locate them temporally, and to make a predictive reading of it. Thus our contribution allows the representation of advanced information and more precisely the identification, the analysis, and the restitution of the underlying strategic structures which connect the actors of a domain, the key words, and the concepts they use; this considering the evolution feature
Jourdana, Clément. "Mathematical modeling and numerical simulation of innovative electronic nanostructures". Toulouse 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU30200.
Texto completoIn this PhD thesis, we are interested in the modeling and the simulation of innovative electronic nanodevices. First, we formally derive an effective mass model describing the quantum motion of electrons in ultra-scaled confined nanostructures. Numerical simulations aim at testing the relevance of the obtained model for a simplified (but already significant) device. The second part is devoted to non-ballistic transport in these confined nanostructures. We rigorously analyse a drift-diffusion model and afterwards we describe and implement a classical-quantum spatial coupling approach. In the last part, we model and simulate a spintronic nanodevice. More precisely, we study the magnetization switching of a ferromagnetic material driven by a spin-current
Boussier, Jean-Marie. "Modélisation de comportements dans les systèmes dynamiques : Application à l'organisation et à la régulation de stationnement et de déplacement dans les Systèmes de Trafic Urbain". Phd thesis, Université de La Rochelle, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00411272.
Texto completoMégret, Lucile. "Explosions de cycles : analyses qualitatives, simulations numériques et modèles". Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066359/document.
Texto completoThis thesis is focussed on the analysis of novel explosions of limit cycles (periodic orbits). We provide a study of their structure by qualitative analysis, exhibit evidences of their existence by numerical simulations (Auto, Xpp) and propose a discussion of their relevance in mathematical modeling for neurosciences. Such explosions occur in the slow-fast dynamical systems. Most of neurons are excitable, Hodgkin (1940) identified three fundamental classes of excitable axon distinguished by their responses to a current of variable amplitude injected. Using the Lambert function, we study the transition between types I and II by incomplete explosion of cycle. This explosion, produced by a planar vector field with one fast/one slow variable, is initiated by a singular Hopf bifurcation and ends via a homoclinic bifurcation. The next chapter proposed a study of the Hindmarsh-Rose system. This system, composed of one fast/ two slow variables, is well known to produce square wave bursting oscillation. We generalize the notion of candidate-limit-perodic sets (CLP-sets) to three-dimensional systems. A CLP-set is an invariant set of the system in the singular limit. Using these, we get a very acurate description of the limit cycle deformation under the variation of a parameter until the addition of a new spike to burst. Finally, we propose a study fot the minimality of the model introduced by F. Clement and J.-P. Françoise. The latter is a 4D system that models the activity of GnRH neurons. We study a system composed by one fast /two slow variables that reproduces some of the features of the 4D model, including Mixed-Modes oscillations
Démare, Thibaut. "Une approche systémique à base d'agents et de graphes dynamiques pour modéliser l'interface logistique port-métropole". Thesis, Le Havre, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LEHA0021/document.
Texto completoA logistic system is an essential component of a spatial system. Actors are organised around infrastructures in order to move different kinds of flow (of goods, of information, or financial) over a territory. The logistic organisation comes from an auto-organised and distributed process from the actors. This works aims to understand, at different scales, how autonomous and heterogeneous actors (according to their goals and methods to take decisions) are collectively organised around infrastructures to manage different kinds of flow, and despite numerous constraints (temporal, spatial,...). We propose an agent-based model which allows to simulate the processes to create and organise logistic flow over a territory. The model describes an interface between international and urban flow in order to understand how the port and urban dynamics work together. The model integrates a structural and organisational dynamics thanks to dynamic graphs in order to represent the evolution of this kind of system. Thus, the agents can adapt themselves to system's perturbations as in the reality
Dolques, Xavier. "Génération de Transformations de Modèles : une approche basée sur les treillis de Galois". Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00916856.
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